Unit8知识点讲义 人教版英语七年级下册
展开人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit 8
知识点讲义（含巩固练习）
初中英语 教研室整理
Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?
Section A
1.Post office “邮局”
2.Police station “警察局”
Bus station “公共汽车站”
Train station “火车站”
3.Bank (名词) “银行”；“斜坡；岸”
The bank of river “河岸”
4.Pay phone “付费电话”
5.Street与road区别：
street通常指城市或市区中相对较短、狭窄的道路；也可指商业区、零售区、办公区等。
road通常指较长、宽阔且连接城市或城市之间的一条通道，比如高速公路、国道、乡间小路等。
在街道上常常用介词on/in
6.Near here = around here “在附近”
7.Across from ... = opposite to... = on the other side of... “在...对面”
Eg: The pay phone is across from the library.
= The pay phone is opposite to the library.
= The pay phone is on the other side of the library.
“付费电话在图书馆对面。”
8.Across 与 through 的区别：
Across 常常指从这一面到那一面穿过，常常和街道和河流连用。
through常常从内部穿过，常常和森林、公园、窗户等连用。
Eg: Look! The old man is walking across the street. “看！那个老人正在过马路。”
We are walking through the forest. “我们正在穿过森林。”
9.Next to... “在...旁边”
10.Between A and B “在A和B之间”
11.In front of 与 in the front of 区别：
In front of “在...前面（在内部）”
In the front of “在...前面（在外部）”
Eg: There is a tree in front of the classroom. “教室的前面有一棵树。”
There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. “教室的前面有一块黑板。”
12.Excuse me “对不起，打扰一下，抱歉”
常用来向不熟悉的人打听情况或提出请求。
13.How can I help you? “需要我帮忙吗？”
这是一句向他人伸出援手、主动提出帮助的套语。此句还可说成：How could I help you? 或 How may I help you?类似的套语还有：
May I help you? / Do you need any help?/ Is there anything I can help you with?/ Is there anything I can do for you?/ What can I do for you?
14.In town “在城镇”
注意：town前面不加任何冠词。
15.Far (away) from... “离...远”
16.Thanks so much. = Thank you very much. “非常感谢。”
Grammar
一、there be句型
“There is/ are + 某物/某时”结构表示“某地或某时存在某物或某人”。这种结构中的there没有实际意义，There is 后面加可数名词单数或不可数名词， There are后面加可数名词复数。
注意：1. 切记there be句型有临近原则，即be动词同离其近的主语保持一致。
2. 因句中有be动词，故变否定句式在is/are后加not；变一般疑问句时将is/are提前。
Eg: There is a pen on the desk. “桌子上有一支钢笔。”
There is some water in the bottle. “瓶子里面有一些水。”
There are some books in the bag. “包里面有一些书。”
There is a book and some pencils on the desk. “桌子上有一本书和一些铅笔。”
There isn’t a book and any pencils on the desk.
Is there a book and any pencils on the desk?
二、就地点提问提问时用where开头。
Eg : -- Where is your school ? “你的学校在哪？”
-- It is next to the park. “它在公园旁边。”
Section B
1.Go along ... “沿着...走”
Eg: Go along this street, and then you will see the park. “沿着这条街走，然后你就能看见公园。”
2.Turn left/right “左/右转”
3.At the first crossing “在第一个十字路口”
4.英语中的花费：spend/ take/ pay/ cost区别：
1)花时间做某事
人 + spend + 时间 + doing sth.
= It takes 人（宾格）+ 时间 + to do sth.
Eg: I spend two hours cleaning the room.
= It takes me two hours to clean the room.
“我花了两小时打扫房间。”
2)花钱买某物
人 + spend + 钱 + on + 某物
= 人 + pay + 钱 + for + 某物
= 物 + cost + 人（宾格）+ 钱
Eg: I spend twenty yuan on this book.
= I pay twenty yuan for this book.
= This book costs me twenty yuan.
“我花二十元买这本书。”
5.On weekends “在周末”
6.Love to do sth. “爱做某事”
7.Watch sb. doing sth. “看某人做某事”
8.Look like ... “看起来像...”
Eg: You look like your father. “你看起来像你的父亲。”
9.To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road.
“要去那的话，我通常步行外出，在大桥路向右拐。”
这是英语行文的一种形式，即在句子开头用to do...短语，并用逗号将其与句子的主体部分隔开，相当于汉语“要做......的话”
Eg: To get it right, you must think hard. “要想把它做对，你必须得认真思考。”
10.The best things in life are free! “生活中最美好的东西是免费的！”
Free 表示“免费的；有空的；空闲的”
11.Have to do sth. “不得不做某事”
Eg: I have to go to school alone. “我不得不独自一人去上学。”
12.Enjoy doing sth. “喜欢做某事”
Eg: I enjoy swimming in the river in summer. “我喜欢夏天在河里游泳。”
13. Get, arrive, reach区别：
Get to + 地点 = arrive in + 大地点/arrive at + 小地点 = reach + 地点
Eg: I will get to Beijing tomorrow. = I will arrive in Beijing tomorrow. = I reach Beijing tomorrow.
我明天到北京。
14.Busy (形容词) “繁忙的”；其反义词为free
常用短语：be busy with sth. = be busy (in) doing sth. “忙于做某事”
Eg: I am busy with homework. = I am busy doing homework. 译为：“我忙着写作业。”
15.Have free time to do sth. “有空闲时间做某事”
16.Play Chinese chess “下中国象棋”
17.Be good at doing sth. “擅长做某事”
Eg:The boy is good at swimming. “那个男孩擅长游泳。”
18.Money (不可数名词) “钱”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
巩固练习
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1.I don’t sit in front of Lily, I sit b______ her.
2.This _______ (餐馆) is very nice, I like it.
3.They always get to school at a______ 8:00.
4.Let’s ______ (爬) the mountain (山) tomorrow.
5.Go across the street, and then t______right.
6.Go ______ (沿着) this street, and then you will see the shop.
7.I e______ reading books before I go to bed.
8.The ______ (空气) is fresh here.
9.This book isn’t f______. You should pay for it.
10.These ______ (钱) isn’t enough (足够的).
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.She always spends one hour _____ (speak) English every day.
2.You can find the bank ______ (easy).
3.We must turn left at the first _______ (cross).
4.My mum told me that money ______ (be not) everything.
5.There _____ (be) a ruler and three pencils in my pencil-box.
6.There ______ (be) some milk in the bottle.
7.There _____ (be) lots of people in the park.
8.They enjoy ______ (play) basketball after school.
9.Excuse _____ (I), can you tell me the way to the bank.
10.My mum is busy _____ (cook) in the kitchen.
三、单项选择
( )1. There is a nice car ______ the house.
A.in the front of
B. in front
C. in the front
D. in front of
( )2. Lily sits ______ her father _____ mother.
A.between; and
B. between; or
C. near; and
D. in; and
( )3. Just go along this street and turn ____. The restaurant is _____.
A.left; left
B. left; on the left
C. on the left; left
D. left; to the left
( )4. It is raining, we ______ stay at home.
A.can B. have to
C. should D. may
( )5. Your school is far _____ from your home.
A.to B. along
C. away D. in
( )6. The boy swims _____ the river alone.
A.through B. cross
C. across D. in
( )7. -- _____, could you tell how to the bus station?
-- Go along this street, and then turn left at the first crossing.
A.Excuse me
B. Sorry
C. Hello
D. Good morning
( )8. -- Are there ______ students in the classroom?
-- Yes, there are _____.
A.some; some
B. any; some
C. any; any
D. some; any
( )9. I like this car, but I don’t have no _____ to buy it.
A.time B. money
C. air D. luck
( )10. _____ a library in my school.
A.I have B. I am
C. There are D. There is
四、翻译句子
1.沿着长安街走，然后右转。
Go _____ Changan Street, then ______ ______.
2.旅馆在餐馆对面。
The hotel is _____ ______ the restaurant.
3.他长得像他的爸爸。
He _____ _____ his father.
4.我有空闲时间读书。
I _____ _____ _____ _____ read books.
5.这个小男孩非常喜欢看电视。
The little boy ______ _____ TV very much.
五、句型转换
1.The pay phone is behind the park. (改为同义句)
The park is _____ _____ _____ the pay phone.
2.The hotel is near the post office. (就划线部分提问)
______ _____ the hotel?
3.There are some books in the bag. (改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)
_____ _____ _____ books in the bag?
_____, ______ _____.
4.There are some parks in our town. (改为否定句)
There _____ _____ parks in our town.
5.There are five boys on the playground. (就划线部分提问)
_____ _______ _____ _____ _____ on the playground?
六、完形填空
Mrs. Green lives in the country, and she doesn’t know London very well. One day, she goes to London. She can’t find her 1._____ home. Just then she 2.____ a man near a bus stop.
“I can ask him the way,” she says to 3._____ and asks, “Excuse me, will you please 4._____ me the way to Kind Street?” The man smiles, with 5._____ answer. He 6._____ know English. He speaks Russian. He is a visitor. Then he 7._____ his hand into his pocket (口袋). He 8._____ a piece of paper and lets her 9._____ it. On the paper are these words, “Sorry, I 10.____ English.”
( )1. A. street B.way
C. room D. bike
( )2. A. looks at B. watches
C. sees D. looks
( )3. A. herself B. himself
C. itself D. themselves
( )4. A. speak B. say
C. talk D. tell
( )5. A. not B. an
C. no D. any
( )6. A. don’t B. doesn’t
C. isn’t D. does
( )7. A. puts B. takes
C. carries D. brings
( )8. A. bring out B. takes out
C. take out D. take away
( )9. A. to see B. look at
C. to look at D. watches
( )10. A. am not speak
B. don’t speak
C. to look at
D. don’t see
七、阅读理解
Mr. Brown lives on Green Street now. He wants to send a postcard (寄贺卡) to his pen pal in Toronto, but he doesn’t know where the post office is. “Which is the way to the post office?” he asks his new neighbor Joe. “I want to send a postcard to Toronto. “ “The post office is quite far from here,” answers Joe. “If you only want to post some letters or postcards, you needn’t go to the post office. You can put them into a mailbox down the street.”
( )1. Where does Mr. Brown live now? He lives _____.
A.on Center Street
B. in Toronto.
C. on Green Street
D. in a post office
( )2. Where does Mr. Brown want to go?
A.A pen pal’s house.
B. A post office.
C. A mailbox.
D. Toronto.
( )3. What does Mr. Brown want to do in the post office? He wants to ____.
A.go to the mailbox
B. buy some stamps
C. send a postcard
D. know the way to Toronto.
( )4. Where is the post office?
A.On Green Street.
B. In Toronto.
C. In the neighborhood.
D. We don’t know.
( )5. Where can Mr. Brown post the postcard in the neighborhood?
A.The post office.
B. The mailbox in the post office.
C. The mailbox on the street.
D. His house.
八、任务型阅读
Our school is on Guangming Street. It’s next to the People’s Library. There is a park behind our school. The pay phone is between our school and a post office. Our school is very beautiful. There are many trees and flowers in it. If you want to come to our school from the airport, take a taxi and go down Center Street. You can see a big restaurant on your right. There is a bridge near the restaurant. Go across it and turn left. Then go down Bridge Street. Turn left at New Park and go down Guangming Street. Our school is across from a bank.
根据短文内容，完成下面的句子（每空一词）
1.Our school is _____ _____ the People’s Library.
2.The pay phone is between _____ _____ and a _____ _____.
3.Our school is very _____ and has many _____ and flowers.
4.A _____ is near a big ______ on Center Street.
5.Our school is _____ _____ a bank.
答案：
一、1. behind 2. restaurant 3. around 4. climb 5. turn
6. along 7. enjoy 8. air 9. free 10. money
二、1. speaking 2. easily 3. crossing 4. isn't 5. is
6. is 7. aren't 8. playing 9. me 10. cooking
三、1 -- 5 DABBC 6 -- 10 CABBD
四、1. along; turn right 2. across from
3. looks like 4. have free time to
5. enjoys watching
五、1. in front of 2. Where is
3. Are there any; No, there aren't
4. aren't any
5. How many boys are there
六、1 -- 5 BCADC 6 -- 10 BABBB
七、1 -- 5 CBCDC
八、1. next to 2.our school; post office
3. beautiful; trees 4. bridge; restaurant
5. across from
