浙江省杭州第十四中学康桥校区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析）

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杭十四中（康桥校区）英语学科阶段测试高二年级英语学科
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15个小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
My very first sea voyage was in a small merchant ship out of New York called the Alba. I was 12 years old at the time, and full of dreams of boundless adventures upon the high seas. The moment I stepped upon the noisy deck, my uncle Joseph set me straight about shipboard life. After Joseph told me a bit about the Alba, he then sent me below the deck to get myself situated.
Here was a sticky and dimly lit space barely tall enough for me to stand up straight in. It was the middle of July, and the heat was unbearable. There seemed to be no air at all. There certainly were no windows, and the smell that rose up from the bottom was so strong that it made me hard to breathe. From the shadows, a pair of eyes materialized. They belonged to a dirty boy no older than me.
“Hello mate, you must be the new guy just shipped aboard. I’m Nigel. Follow me. We’re just in time for dinner.” My new friend led me into the tiny dining room where the crew messed. The horrible smell of so many men together was overpowering.
After dinner, Nigel showed me our berth. It was a tiny lightless room near the bow of the boat, barely six feet long and only five feet high. There was a small area where I could pack my clothes, and at night we would string up our beds side by side with two other boys.
That night when we were under way, the ship ran into a violent Atlantic storm. The waves attacked the Alba like it was a tiny boat. The ship made such noises: I was afraid it would simply break apart at any moment. As I lay there miserably rocking back and forth in my damp bed, I asked myself, “What have I gotten myself into?”
1. The underlined word “berth” in Paragraph 4 most probably means________on a ship.
A. the bathroom B. the sleeping section C. the kitchen D. the lower deck
2. Which paragraph describes the first time the writer saw Nigel?
A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
3. In the last sentence of this passage, the writer suggests that he________.
A. regretted taking the voyage aboard the Alba B. hated making friends with Nigel
C. may never recover from the seasickness D. should have eaten up the dishes on the voyage
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者第一次海上航行是乘坐一艘从纽约出发的名叫“阿尔巴号”的小商船，但是却遇上了猛烈的大西洋风暴，这让作者非常后悔这次旅行。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段后两句“It was a tiny lightless room near the bow of the boat, barely six feet long and only five feet high. There was a small area where I could pack my clothes, and at night we would string up our beds side by side with two other boys.(那是靠近船头的一个没有灯光的小房间，只有六英尺长，五英尺高。有一小块地方我可以放衣服，晚上我们会和另外两个男孩一起把床挂在一起。)”可知，第四段中划线词很可能是指船上的卧铺。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句““Hello mate, you must be the new guy just shipped aboard. I’m Nigel. Follow me. We’re just in time for dinner.” My new friend led me into the tiny dining room where the crew messed.(“你好，伙计，你一定是新来的吧？我是奈杰尔。跟我来。我们正好赶上吃晚饭。”我的新朋友把我领进了船员们用餐的小餐厅。)”可知，描述作者第一次见到奈杰尔是在第三段。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“What have I gotten myself into?(我这是给自己惹了什么麻烦？)”可知，在这篇文章的最后一句，作者暗示他后悔乘坐阿尔巴号航行。故选A。
B
As most people know, in the past few years, sandstorms have wept across many cities and areas of North China, polluting the air and disturbing daily lives of beings. People look dirty and suffer many kinds of illnesses, such as breath difficulty. The sandstorm is such a serious problem that it has not only weakened the industrial and agricultural development of our country but also caused a lot of trouble to the living conditions of the Chinese people. It is expected that effective measures be taken as soon as possible through our joint efforts to limit its occurrence.
So what should we do with the frightening sandstorms? Some experts put forward practical suggestions as follows: For one thing, more funds ought to be put into tree planting and forest protection so as to keep more water resources within the surface of the earth. For another governments of all countries should make laws on environmental protection. For example, burning the use of throw-away chopsticks and punishing illegal tree cutting. Scientists should also study and find ways to cut down the degree of its destruction and to improve the whole environment.
How people look forward to sunny days with little breeze(微风) touching their faces now and forever! Nevertheless, I am fully confident that the golden days can come back so long as everyone tries his best to protect natural environment from today on. And the fact is that what I expect is not just a dream. There are some sweet fruits from the early efforts.
4. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Causes of sandstorms. B. Measures to prevent sandstorms.
C. Harms done by sandstorms. D. Areas disturbed by sandstorms.
5. How many ways do some experts put forward to fight against sandstorm?
A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2
6. What can we infer from the text?
A. The damage sandstorms cause can never be avoided.
B. The author has confidence in fighting against sandstorms.
C. The author is unsure about the future of the environment.
D. The improvement of the environment is especially relaxing.
7. What will the author probably write about in the following part?
A. Why people should always carry on with dreams. B. Successful examples of stopping sandstorms.
C. A bright world with no sandstorm any more. D. How to realize our dreams to live a happy lite.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍沙尘暴的危害和防止沙尘暴的具体措施。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“As most people know, in the past few years, sandstorms have wept across many cities and areas of North China, polluting the air and disturbing daily lives of beings. People look dirty and suffer many kinds of illnesses, such as breath difficulty. The sandstorm is such a serious problem that it has not only weakened the industrial and agricultural development of our country but also caused a lot of trouble to the living conditions of the Chinese people. It is expected that effective measures bu taken as soon as possible through our joint efforts to limit its occurrence. (正如大多数人所知，在过去的几年里，沙尘暴席卷了华北的许多城市和地区，污染了空气，扰乱了人们的日常生活。人们看起来很脏，而且会患上很多疾病，比如呼吸困难。沙尘暴是一个严重的问题，它不仅削弱了我国的工农业发展，而且给中国人民的生活条件带来了很多麻烦。希望通过我们的共同努力，尽快采取有效措施，限制其发生。)”可知，第一段主要讲述沙尘暴的危害。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“So what should we do with the frightening sandstorms? Some experts put forward practical suggestions as follows: For one thing, more funds ought tb be put into tree planting and forest protection so as to keep more water resources within the surface of the earth. For another governments of all countries should make laws on environmental protection. For example, burning the use of throw-away chopsticks and punishing illegal tree cutting. Scientists should also study and find ways to cut down the degree of its destruction and to improve the whole environment. (那么，我们该如何应对这些可怕的沙尘暴呢？一些专家提出了一些切实可行的建议：一方面，应该投入更多的资金用于植树造林和森林保护，以使更多的水资源留在地表。另一方面，各国政府都应该制定有关环境保护的法律。例如，焚烧一次性筷子和惩罚非法砍伐树木。科学家们还应该研究并找到降低其破坏程度和改善整个环境的方法。)”可知，专家提出了3条建议来降低沙尘暴的破坏。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, I am fully confident that the golden days can come back so long as everyone tries his best to protect natural environment from today on. And the fact is that what I expect is not just a dream. There are some sweet fruits from the early efforts. (尽管如此，我完全相信，只要每个人从今天起尽最大努力保护自然环境，充满阳光好日子就会回来。事实上，我所期待的不仅仅是一场梦。早期的努力结出了一些硕果。)”推知，作者对成功治理沙尘暴是很有信心的。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, I am fully confident that the golden days can come back so long as everyone tries his best to protect natural environment from today on. And the fact is that what I expect is not just a dream. There are some sweet fruits from the early efforts. (尽管如此，我完全相信，只要每个人从今天起尽最大努力保护自然环境，充满阳光的好日子就会回来。事实上，我所期待的不仅仅是一场梦。早期的努力结出了一些硕果。)”可知，作者在文章最后提出了治理沙尘暴的早起努力，所以推知文章接下来要介绍成功治理沙尘暴的具体案例。故选B。
C
In 1810, during his first Grand Tour of Europe, Byron carved his name into a column base of the Temple of Poseidon on the Aegean coast. Although Byron himself might not have actually written the name that is left there, the story has become part of the history of the monument, searched for by his admirers among the hundreds of other names carved all over the temple.
Modern graffiti, however, is met with a very different reaction. In 2014 a Russian tourist was fined €20,000 for carving a large “K” on a wall of the Colosseum in Rome, the fifth such incident that year.
What is the thinking behind such acts? Are tourists aiming for ill fame to become part of the monument’s history? Or is it simply part of the experience of visiting the site? And, further, why is historical graffiti, which was equally destructive, considered historic heritages? The motives behind them are, after all, probably the same, however, graffiti comes to tell us about lives and moments that might otherwise have been lost.
The earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument has been identified by the historian Lionel Casson in a cave at Wadi Hammamat in Egypt in 2000 BC. The name of Hena is cut into the sandstone alongside a list of his achievements. In ancient Greece, too, stoas (柱廊) were the meeting places of philosophers and the places for school boys’ lessons. We therefore often see alphabets and Homeric poems written on their walls.
And it is not just monuments and buildings: Miltiades, a general from the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, carved his name into the helmet he wore. In the Athens, too, a Spartan shield (盾) was found with words noting that the Athenians captured it during the Battle in 425 BC. Without such graffiti, the objects would still be impressive, but far less useful for historians, as their writing provides an exact original place.
In the 21st century, however, with the rapid increase in tourism, if everyone decided to leave their mark, these sites would be irretrievable (不可挽回地) destroyed. Perhaps Beijing’s controversial new free graffiti zones on certain sections of the Great Wall of China will satisfy the desire to carve our own piece of history into the limited resource of the monument, though it seems unlikely that it will easily be contained to one area. Regardless, it is important that we protect these monuments — and the graffiti that some of them already contain.
8. Why is Baron’s carving his name into the column base mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the related topic. B. To attract more people to copy him.
C. To show his admirers to search. D. To become part of the story of the monument.
9. What can we infer from the passage?
A. It was actually Byron that wrote and carved his name there.
B. It was the fifth time that the Russian tourist had been fined that year.
C. Ancient graffiti was carved more than on monuments and buildings.
D. The motives behind ancient and modern graffiti are completely the same.
10. Where was the earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument discovered?
A. In a cave in Egypt. B. In a temple on the Aegean coast.
C. On a wall of the Colosseum in Rome. D. In an ancient meeting place in Greece.
11. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. What was the Earliest Graffiti? B. What’s the Way to Protect Graffiti?
C. What Can We Learn From Ancient Graffiti? D. What was the Motivation of Ancient Graffiti?
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文提到古代涂鸦很重要，对于历史学家考古研究具有重大意义，也更有助于现代人更好地了解历史。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第三段“What is the thinking behind such acts? Are tourists aiming for ill fame to become part of the monument’s history? Or is it simply part of the experience of visiting the site? And, further, why is historical graffiti, which was equally destructive, considered historic heritages? The motives behind them are, after all, probably the same, however, graffiti comes to tell us about lives and moments that might otherwise have been lost.(这种行为背后的思想是什么？游客们是想让恶名成为纪念碑历史的一部分吗？还是仅仅是参观网站体验的一部分？此外，为什么同样具有破坏性的历史涂鸦被认为是历史遗产？毕竟，涂鸦背后的动机可能是相同的，然而，涂鸦是为了告诉我们那些可能已经失去的生活和时刻)”可知，本文主要想讨论，涂鸦的意义，古今涂鸦的区别。由此可知，第一段提及拜伦把他的名字刻在栏基上是为了引出相关话题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument has been identified by the historian Lionel Casson in a cave at Wadi Hammamat in Egypt in 2000 BC. The name of Hena is cut into the sandstone alongside a list of his achievements. In ancient Greece, too, stoas (柱廊) were the meeting places of philosophers and the places for school boys’ lessons. We therefore often see alphabets and Homeric poems written on their walls.(历史学家莱昂内尔·卡森于公元前2000年在埃及瓦迪·哈马马特的一个洞穴中发现了纪念碑上最早的人名涂鸦。砂岩上刻着赫那的名字，旁边是他的成就。在古希腊，柱廊也是哲学家聚会的地方，也是学校男孩上课的地方。因此，我们经常在墙上看到字母和荷马史诗)”可知，古代的涂鸦不仅雕刻在纪念碑和建筑上，还有刻在洞穴，砂岩和学校的墙上等。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument has been identified by the historian Lionel Casson in a cave at Wadi Hammamat in Egypt in 2000 BC.(历史学家莱昂内尔·卡森于公元前2000年在埃及瓦迪·哈马马特的一个洞穴中发现了纪念碑上最早的人名涂鸦)”可知，纪念碑上最早的人名涂鸦是在埃及的一个山洞里。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据倒数第二段“Without such graffiti, the objects would still be impressive, but far less useful for historians, as their writing provides an exact original place.(如果没有这样的涂鸦，这些物品仍然会令人印象深刻，但对历史学家来说却远没有那么有用，因为它们的文字提供了一个确切的原始位置)”可知，古代人留下的涂鸦对于历史学家的考古研究来说具有重大意义，这些涂鸦包含一些有用信息以供研究，由此可知，本文主要说明了我们可以从古代涂鸦中了解到什么。由此可知，C项“我们能从古代涂鸦中了解到什么？”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
D
The majority of people are unable to commit to a healthy long-term lifestyle — although they are somehow willing to! There seems to be a paradox here.
We become more aware of the importance of leading a healthy lifestyle on a regular basis. Yet, we just don’t manage to. We may engage in a variety of short-term projects: 1-week detox retreats or 1-month severe diets. But the benefits these short-term activities produce are quickly lost as we are dragged back to our “bad” habits in the longer-term. The inability to stick to a healthy lifestyle makes us feel frustrated and unhealthy. What is the way out then?
The first step is to understand the problem more deeply: What are the main obstacles of pursuing a healthy lifestyle? Which are the fundamental aspects to a healthy lifestyle? How are they interconnected? If we understand the problem and its components more deeply, we are one step closer to coming up with a solution.
Surveys show how in 85% of cases in the US and Europe, the main obstacles to pursuing a healthy lifestyle are to be found among lack of awareness, time, self-control and guidelines.
“Humans tend to heavily discount the future, meaning things that we have now are more valuable to us than things we’ll have in a few years.” said A. Braun in 2019. For this reason, we cannot correctly weigh the costs and consequences of choosing unhealthy habits today, and we tend to give in to short-term pleasures, although this means reducing longer-term benefits.
We deliberately choose to experience and enjoy short-term pleasure, mainly because of a stress condition we may have, or because of personality. The underlying reason for these behaviors is primarily stress, as neuroscience discoveries in fact suggest, “In general, stress results in habit behavior in humans, so dealing first and foremost with stress is probably advisable when you are looking to make lasting changes. Luckily, your brain can change throughout life. Decreasing stress could finally help your brain become less easily influenced by habit.”
12. Why do people engage in various short-term projects?
A. To delete a bad habit. B. To keep healthy in lifestyle.
C. To go on a severe diet. D. To solve the paradox.
13. What is the obstacle of pursuing a healthy lifestyle?
A. Lacking enough self-discipline. B. Gaining no reward from working out.
C. Having no motive when making schedules. D. Relying on too much guidance from others.
14. By quoting A. Braun’s words in paragraph 5, the author wants to .
A. highlight the association between habits and lifestyle
B. stress the long-term value of adopting healthy habits
C. show a trend of pursuing long-term pleasures
D. convey people’s commitment to a healthy lifestyle
15. What can we learn about neuroscience discoveries?
A. Changing brain activities helps decrease stress.
B. Personality contributes to one’s short-term pleasure.
C. People’s habit behavior tends to dominate their emotions.
D. Reducing stress is the key to sticking to a healthy lifestyle.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大多数人无法致力于一种健康的长期生活方式的原因以及解决方案。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We become more aware of the importance of leading a healthy lifestyle on a regular basis. Yet, we just don’t manage to. We may engage in a variety of short-term projects: 1-week detox retreats or 1-month severe diets.(我们越来越意识到定期保持健康生活方式的重要性。然而，我们就是无法做到这一点。我们可能会参与各种各样的短期项目：1周的排毒休养或1个月的严格饮食)”可知，人们从事各种短期项目是为了保持健康的生活方式。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Surveys show how in 85% of cases in the US and Europe, the main obstacles to pursuing a healthy lifestyle are to be found among lack of awareness, time, self-control and guidelines.(调查显示，在美国和欧洲，85%的情况下，追求健康生活方式的主要障碍是缺乏意识、时间、自制力和指导方针)”可知，追求健康生活方式的障碍是缺乏自律。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““Humans tend to heavily discount the future, meaning things that we have now are more valuable to us than things we’ll have in a few years.” said A. Braun in 2019. For this reason, we cannot correctly weigh the costs and consequences of choosing unhealthy habits today, and we tend to give in to short-term pleasures, although this means reducing longer-term benefits.(“人类倾向于严重低估未来，这意味着我们现在拥有的东西比几年后我们将拥有的东西更有价值，A. Braun在2019年说。出于这个原因，我们不能正确地衡量今天选择不健康习惯的代价和后果，我们倾向于屈服于短期的快乐，尽管这意味着减少长期的好处)”推知，通过在第5段引用A. Braun的话，作者想强调养成健康习惯的长期价值。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The underlying reason for these behaviors is primarily stress, as neuroscience discoveries in fact suggest, “In general, stress results in habit behavior in humans, so dealing first and foremost with stress is probably advisable when you are looking to make lasting changes.”(这些行为的潜在原因主要是压力，正如神经科学的发现实际上表明的那样，“一般来说，压力会导致人类的习惯行为，所以当你想要做出持久的改变时，首先处理压力可能是可取的。”)”可知，我们能从神经科学的发现中学到减少压力是坚持健康生活方式的关键。故选D。
第二节（共5个小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone has moments of forgetfulness（健忘）from time to time, especially when life gets busy. ___16___ , having a poor memory can be frustrating. However, research has shown that there are ways to improve your memory.
Get enough sleep
Sleeping well helps make episodic memories stronger. ___17___ , especially about learning motor skills, such as learning to play a musical instrument of ride a bike. C
Believe to remember
Positive thinking appears to improve memory performance. Researchers found they could improve the performance of people aged 60 and above in memory tests by presenting them with positive age-related words such as "wise", and "sharp-witted". ___18___ . Brain scans have shown differences in activity levels in brain regions, according to whether individuals believe they have good recall abilities or not.
___19___
Memories can be weakened if the brain doesn't have enough downtime to strengthen them. More than a century ago, German scientists showed that people performed almost twice as well in memory tests if they took breaks.
Stay social
___20___ . US scientists who asked people in their 50s and 60s to do memory tests every other year found there is a slower decline in recall abilities of the most sociable persons. Having good friends, volunteering and other forms of social engagement also protect memory.
A. Stay mentally active
B. Take a break
C. While this can be a completely normal phenomenon
D. Poor sleep is thought to have a significant effect on memory
E. There is evidence that sleep plays an important role in strengthening memories
F. Having an active social life delays memory loss as we age
G. Giving others words such as "forgettable" and "confused" weakened their performance
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍健忘很正常及改善记忆的方法。
【16题详解】
下文“However, research has shown that there are ways to improve your memory.（然而，调查已经显示有改善你记忆的方法。）”说明健忘属于正常现象，并且有方法可以帮助改善记忆。C项“While this can be a completely normal phenomenon（但这完全属于正常现象。）”与下文“having a poor memory can be frustrating. ”（记忆力不好会让人沮丧。）构成让步关系，故选C。
【17题详解】
上文“Sleeping well helps make episodic memories stronger.（睡得好会帮助加强片段记忆。）”说明睡眠对记忆的重要作用。E项“There is evidence that sleep plays an important role in strengthening memories（有证据表明：睡眠在加强记忆上起到重要作用。）”与上文内容一致，故选E。
【18题详解】
上文“Researchers found they could improve the performance of people aged 60 and above in memory tests by presenting them with positive age-related words such as "wise", and "sharp-witted".（研究发现：他们可以改善60岁人们的表现。通过使用与年龄相关的、积极的词汇评价他们来提高记忆检测水平，如聪明的、机敏的。）”说明积极的词汇可以帮助改善记忆。G项“Giving others words such as "forgettable" and "confused" weakened their performance（说一些其他的词，如健忘的、困惑的，这些词会使他们的表现弱化。）”举出上文情况的反面情况，上下文内容都是在强调积极评论词汇的重要性，故选G。
【19题详解】
下文“More than a century ago, German scientists showed that people performed almost twice as well in memory tests if they took breaks.（100多年前，德国科学家表明：如果人们休息，那么他们在记忆测试上的表现几乎是之前的2倍好。）”说明休息对记忆的重要性。B项“Take a break（休息）”是本段的小标题，并对下文内容概括总结，故选B。
【20题详解】
下文“US scientists who asked people in their 50s and 60s to do memory tests every other year found there is a slower decline in recall abilities of the most sociable persons.（每隔一年，美国科学家都会请年龄在50到60岁的人做记忆检测。实验表明：大多数社交型的人在回忆能力方面有更慢的降低趋势。）”说明社交可以减缓遗忘。F项“Having an active social life delays memory loss as we age”（随着我们变老，拥有积极的社交可以延缓记忆丧失。）与下文内容一致，说明社交对记忆的重要性，故选F。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this___21___process and found something that has changed my___22___at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language.
I never felt an urge(冲动)to___23___any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The ___24___language were enough in all my interactions. Little did I know that I would discover my___25___for ASL.
The story began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club___26___their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking___27___me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the___28___. This newness just left me___29___more.
After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's meetings. I only learned how to___30___the alphabet(字母表)that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my___31___progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to___32___those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I registered an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was ___33___. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. ___34___if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the ___35___way of communication it opens.
21. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal
22. A. progress B. experience C. advance D. potential
23. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create
24. A. official B. non-verbal C. body D. spoken
25 A. love B. concern C. aim D. request
26. A. recorded B. detected C. performed D. assessed
27. A. flooded B. supported C. attracted D. embarrassed
28. A. process B. end C. distance D. past
29. A. showing B. desiring C. claiming D. acting
30. A. print B. write C. sign D. count
31. A. obvious B. regular C. relevant D. slow
32. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize
33. A. welcomed B. available C. repeated D. impossible
34 A. Hence B. Instead C. Nevertheless D. Lastly
35. A. new B. quick C. popular D. easy
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在大学学美国手语的经历，让作者学会了去欣赏这种无声的表达方式，也让作者开启了新的交流方式。
【21题详解】
考查动名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我自己也经历了这个寻找的过程，发现了一些让我在大学的经历变得更好的东西：我发现了美国手语。A. searching搜索；B. planning计划；C. natural自然的；D. formal正式的。根据前文“While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.”（虽然高中通常不鼓励学生探索生活的新方面，但大学为这种探索奠定了基础。）大学就是一个探索的过程，为我们新的探索奠定基础，因此可知，作者上大学后也经历了寻找某种东西的过程。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自己也经历了这个寻找的过程，发现了一些让我在大学的经历变得更好的东西：我发现了美国手语。A. progress进步，进展；B. experience经历；C. advance进步；D. potential潜力。根据后文“at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language”（发现了一些改变了我大学生活的东西:我发现了美国手语。）以及“Now, I appreciate the silence and the 15 way of communication it opens.”（现在，我很欣赏这种沉默，以及它开启的一种新的交流方式。）可知，作者在大学发现了美国手语，而这一发现也让作者在后来学会去欣赏这种无声的表达方式，因此可知，这个发现让作者大学的经历变得更好。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未有过学习任何手语的冲动。A. choose选择；B. read阅读；C. learn学习；D. create创造。根据后文“After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's meetings. I only learned how to 10 the alphabet(字母表)that day.”（在那之后，觉得有必要进一步探索，我决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议。那天我只学会了如何表示字母表。）可知，作者在了解了这一种手语后，对此充满兴趣，想要了解更多，有想要学习这种手语的冲动。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我所有的互动中，口语已经足够了。A. official官方的；B. non-verbal非语言的；C. body身体；D. spoken口语的。根据前文“My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.”（我的家人都能听到，我朋友也是。）可知，作者生活当中用不到手语，因为身边的人都是听力正常的，所以作者觉得口语交流足够了。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我会发现我对美国手语的爱。A. love爱；B. concern关注；C. aim目标；D. request请求。根据后文“After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's meetings.”（在那之后，觉得有必要进一步探索，我决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议。）可知，作者喜欢上了这种手语，想要去探索更多关于这种手语，因此可知，作者从来不知道自己有一天会爱上这种手语。故选A 。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着美国手语俱乐部表演他们翻译的一首歌。A. recorded记录；B. detected察觉；C. performed表演；D. assessed评价。根据后文“Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking 7 me.”（手势和不用说话就能交流的想法都吸引了我。）可知，作者是被他们通过肢体语言来去演绎一首歌而吸引住了，从此爱上了手语，因此可知作者是看了手语俱乐部的表演。故选C。
27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：手部动作和不说话交流的想法都吸引了我。A. flooded涌入；B. supported支持；C. attracted吸引；D. embarrassed使尴尬。根据后文“What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 8 ”（我所看到的与我过去所经历的完全不同。）可知，这是作者从未有过的经历，让作者想要了解地更多，因此可知作者被深深吸引了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所看到的与我过去经历的完全不同。A. process过程；B. end结束；C. distance距离；D.past过去。根据后文“This newness just left me 9 more.”（这种新鲜感让我想要了解更多。）可知，这对作者来说是全新的经历，从未有过的，因此可知这是作者以前从未有过的经历。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种新鲜感让我想要了解更多。A. showing展示；B. desiring渴望；C. claiming声明；D. acting行动。根据后文“After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's meetings.”（在那之后，觉得有必要进一步探索，我决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议。）可知，作者在看了表演之后，被深深吸引住了，因此决定更进一步地了解这种手语，因此可知作者想要了解更多。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我只学会了用手语来表达字母。A. print打印；B. write写；C. sign打手语；D. count数数。根据前文“I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. ”（我决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议。）可知，作者参加的是手语俱乐部的会议，自然学的就是手语，因此那天作者学会了用手语来表达字母。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我并没有因为进步缓慢而气馁，相反，我很兴奋。A. obvious明显的；B. regular规则的；C. relevant有关的；D. slow慢的。根据前文“I only learned how to 10 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged”（那天我只学会了用手语来表达字母。然而我并没有气馁）可知，作者只学会了用手语表达字母，但是作者没有为此感到气馁，由此判断，作者学手语的速度不快，进步不大，但作者并不灰心。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，我决定参加这些会议，尽可能多地学习。A. chair主持；B. sponsor赞助；C. attend参加；D. organize组织。根据前文“decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings.”（我决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议。）可知，自从作者参加一次会议之后，作者决心经常参加这些会议，让自己多学点。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授是个聋子，任何谈话都是不可能的。A. welcomed欢迎；B. available可用的；C. repeated重复；D. impossible不可能的。根据后文“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.”（我很快意识到这种沉默并非令人不快。）可知，这个课堂是无声的课堂，大家都是通过手语来沟通的，因此可知在课堂上不允许用口语来交流，所以谈话是不可能的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果有任何谈话，它会导致我们学到更少的东西。A. Hence因此；B. Instead反而；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Lastly最后。根据前文“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.”（我很快意识到这种沉默并非令人不快。）以及后文“if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.”（如果有任何谈话，它会使我们学得更少。）可知，课堂上的沉默无声是必要的，不然我们就很难真正学好手语，因此此处表示转折，意为“相反，反而”，应用Instead。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我很欣赏这种沉默和它所开启的新的交流方式。A. new新的；B. quick快速的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. easy简单的。根据前文“This newness just left me 9 more.”（这种新鲜感让我想要了解更多。）可知，作者以前都是用口语交流，而现在学会了手语，因此这是一种新的交流方式。故选A。
第二节(10个小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays, nine in ten children are now at school. However, the figure is not as ____36____(impress)as it sounds. Even if most of the world's children go to school, ____37____awful lot of them learn pretty much nothing there.
According to the recent World Bank study of seven African countries, half of nine-year-old cannot read a simple word and three-quarters cannot read a simple sentence. The reason is terrible ___38___(teach). Several recent studies suggest educational technology can help. It seems ____39____(bring)bigger improvement in poor countries than in rich ones. Some of the rare ____40____(resource)being spent on teachers could therefore be better spent on educational technology. That doesn't mean dumping computers on schools, hoping that children61.____41____(understand)how to use them. Instead, it means providing schools ____42____software that children can use with minimal help from an adult. It gets things right ____43____(much)often than the teachers do. Besides, it sends teachers clues about____44____they are supposed to be teaching.
Of course, good ____45____(tradition)teachers are not replaced, and are never likely to be.
【答案】36. impressive
37. an 38. teaching
39. to bring
40. resources
41. will understand
42. with 43. more
44. what 45. traditional
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要指出了世界上大多数的孩子都去上学，但是依旧存在儿童不能阅读的问题。并且指出最近的几项研究表明，教育技术可以有所帮助。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，这个数字并不像听起来那么令人印象深刻。分析句子结构，填空部分为be动词is的表语，且as……as结构中间要使用形容词原级，故此处用形容词impressive。故填impressive。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：即使世界上大多数的孩子都去上学，他们中的很多人在那里几乎什么都没学到。分析句子结构，a lot of 为固定短语，表示“许多”的意思，空格后awful为元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：原因是糟糕的教学。分析句子结构，be动词后面接表语，括号中动词需要使用动名词形式作表语。故填teaching。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这似乎给贫穷国家带来了比富裕国家更大的改善。分析句子结构，seem to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“看起来好像是……”。故填to bring。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：因此，花在教师身上的一些稀缺资源可以更好地花在教育技术上。分析句子结构，空格处前有形容词“rare”，因此后面接名词。再根据本句中“Some of ”可知，此处用名词复数。故填resources。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这并不意味着要把电脑扔到学校里，期望孩子们能学会如何使用它们。 分析句子结构，本句中hoping后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中谓语动词understand指将要发生的动作，故句子时态为一般将来时。故填will understand。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：相反，这意味着向学校提供软件，孩子们可以在成人的最少帮助下使用这些软件。分析句子结构，谓语动词provide搭配介词with是固定短语“provide sb. with sth.”表示“向某人提供某物”。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：这比老师做的要正确得多。根据本句中than可知，此处用副词的比较级修饰“right”，表示“正确得多”。故填more。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：除此以外，它向老师发送有关他们应该教什么的线索。分析句子结构，空格处前有介词“about”后面接宾语从句，在从句中动词teach缺少宾语，故用what引导。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当然，优秀的传统教师不会被取代，也永远不可能被取代。分析句子结构，空格处为形容词修饰名词teachers。故使用tradition形容词形式。故填traditionral。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 某英语报正在就中学生可不可以带手机(mobile phone) 上学这一话题开展讨论。假如你是李华，请你根据下而所提供的信息，向该报编辑写一封英文信，内容如下：
手机的优点：1.便于与父母和朋友联系 2.能增加乐趣
带手机上学存在的问题：1.上课时使用手机干扰教学 2.用手机聊天、发短信费时费钱
你的观点：...
注意：
1.词数：80字左右
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear editor,
Recently, the topic about whether middle school students can take mobile phones to school is discussed heatedly.
As we all know, with mobile phones on hand, it will become easier for us to connect with parents and friends, and it can increase much fun. On the other hand, there are some problems with using a mobile phone to attend school. Using a mobile phone during classes may interfere with teaching. Besides, chatting and texting on a mobile phone are time-consuming and expensive.
As far as I’m concerned, we’d better not take mobile phones to school. If we really need to call to parents, we can use the public phones at school.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生就中学生可不可以带手机上学这一话题给英语报写一篇文章。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
上学：attend school→go to school
此外：besides→what’s more
在我看来：as far as I’m concerned→in my opinion
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On the other hand, there are some problems with using a mobile phone to attend school. Using a mobile phone during classes may interfere with teaching.
拓展句：On the other hand, there are some problems with using a mobile phone to attend school, which may interfere with teaching during classes.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, the topic about whether middle school students can take mobile phones to school is discussed heatedly.（由whether引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】As we all know, with mobile phones on hand, it will become easier for us to connect with parents and friends, and it can increase much fun.（由As引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Emily White was born seventeen years ago with so many birth problems in her body. Some of her organs, bones and muscles were out of shape. No one expected her to survive. She did make it but with her strange body figure, everyone could recognize her, even from a distance
In Emily White’s hometown, there was a yearly outdoor performance in the school auditorium(大礼堂). It had been performed for so many years and actually had become one of the most important events of the Christmas season for many of the town's people.
Many people tried out each year for it, but so many were turned away, It can only include the most excellent people in the field
Emily had a beautiful singing voice. Last year she went to Mrs. Owens -her music teacher to ask to join in the performance, Without letting her sing, Mrs. Owens took a look at Amy's body and said, "Child, you just don't fit.
Everyone would stare at you and that would make you uncomfortable. It would make them unforgettable.
Without singing a single not, Emily was sent back through the door of the choral room. Hurt and upset, she decided never to try out again. But Mrs. Owens then retired.
This year, there came a new music teacher, Mr. Buttler. He heard about Emily and suggested that she have a try
Emily didn't want to be rejected again, so she hesitated a little about it. As Emily struggled, the door was pushed open and Mr. Buttler called, Emily, you' re next. " Although kind of nervous, Emily did as M. Buttler told her to do. Mr. Buttler sat by the piano to keep Emily company- When Emily finished her testing performance, she thanked Mr Buttler and knew the result would be posted-on the door of the choral room the next day
Emily couldn't sleep that night She was suffering from the feelings that she didn't fit and the great need to accepted. By the next morning, her stomach was even in pain because of stress
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para. I
The next day, Emily nervously glanced at the list of the door of the choral room
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para. 2
Finally, the day of performance came
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【答案】The next day Emily nervously glanced at the list on the door of the choral room. She was not rejected this time. Her name was posted at the top of the list. She, Emily White, was chosen to be the leading singer! She would sing alone in the performance. Emily couldn't believe her eyes. There must be some mistake. But Mr Buttler said to her with determined eyes, "Emily, I choose you because you should perform the part ---your voice is unusual. Believe in yourself. " Greatly encouraged, Emily practiced really hard.
Finally the day of performance came. Standing in front of the line, Emily felt her throat tight and her palms sweating. When the curtain opened up, the eyes of the whole audience fell upon Emily. "Emily White! "Someone whispered. Then, along with the first note of music, Emily began to sing her heart out. Her voice was like a nightingale ringing in the auditorium. Applause! Emily felt so happy and comfortable. She was shining on the stage. Emily White, with so many birth problems in her body was an angel!
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米莉天生残疾并且体型奇怪，没有人指望她能活下来，但是她做到了。 在埃米莉的家乡，每年都会有一次户外演出在学校礼堂举行，表演者也需要是这个领域的佼佼者。艾米丽拥有一副美妙的歌喉。去年，她去找她的音乐老师欧文斯太太，希望自己可以参加演出，欧文斯太太看了看艾米的身体说她不合适。艾米莉非常的受伤和伤心，她决定再也不参加了。在欧文斯太太退休后，新来了一位音乐老师，巴特勒先生。他建议她试一试。由于害怕再次的被拒绝，艾米莉很紧张，在等待结果的那天晚上，她失眠了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，爱米丽紧张地瞥了一眼合唱室的门的名单”可知，第一段可描写艾米莉内心十分的紧张，在得知自己被选为主唱，将在演出中独唱时，老师坚定的给与艾米莉肯定，在老师的鼓励下，埃米莉非常努力地练习。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，演出的日子到了。”可知，第二段可描写在最初艾米丽感到喉咙发紧，手心冒汗。然而，随着第一个音符，爱米丽尽情地唱起来，她在舞台上光芒四射。埃米莉·怀特虽然在出生时有很多的问题，但是她却是一个天使。
2.续写线索：天生残疾——嗓音独特——希望参加表演——拒绝——再次被鼓励参加——内心挣扎——担任领唱——表演成功——重拾信心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：shake his head/refuse politely/turn away/reject
情绪类
①.感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful
②.积极：positive attitude/act positively/be encouraged/happy and comfortable
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Standing in front of the line, Emily felt her throat tight and her palms sweating.
(运用非谓语动词standing作状语)
[高分句型2]. When the curtain opened up, the eyes of the whole audience fell upon Emily. "Emily White! "（由when引导的时间状语从句）