山东省泰安市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省泰安市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。

高 二 英 语 试 题
注意事项:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Nancy going to do this afternoon?
A. Read a book. B. Go to a park. C. Prepare dinner.
2. Where are the speakers now?
A. At home. B. At an office. C. At a restaurant.
3. Why does Bill turn down Marie’s invitation?
A. He dislikes Taylor Swift’s songs.
B. He cannot afford a ticket.
C. He has no time.
4. What happened to Karen?
A. She got shocked by bad news.
B. She lost her memory.
C. She was badly hurt.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Their likes and dislikes.
B. A travel experience.
C. A kind of coffee.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What did Kate think of the movie?
A. Funny. B. Frightening. C. Disappointing.
7. What does John usually do before a test?
A. He does tests with his partner.
B. He studies till the last minute.
C. He keeps himself relaxed.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the woman’s writing sample about?
A. Future careers. B. A students’ play. C. A literature comment.
9. What position will the man probably apply for?
A. Editor. B. Writer. C. Photographer.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. Why did Mark search about sun bears?
A. For research. B. For his schoolwork. C. For his curiosity.
12 What can we learn about sun bears?
A. They mainly live on meat. B. They often live alone. C. They look like monkey.
13. What will the speakers talk about next concerning sun bears?
A. Their daily movements. B. Their eating habits. C. Their appearance.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. In which country did Henry spend most of his childhood?
A. England. B. Japan. C. China.
15. How did the woman know the one-child policy ended?
A. From her friends. B. From the Internet. C. From the newspaper.
16. What is the survey about?
A. The meaning of the new policy.
B. People’s ideas on a third child.
C. The reason of the low birth rate.
17. What is Henry’s attitude toward the new policy?
A. Casual. B. Disapproving. C. Favorable.
听下面一段对话，回答第18至20题。
18. What did the speaker like doing when she was young?
A. Running short distances.
B. Exercising by power walking.
C. Jogging up and down big hills.
19. How much did the speaker weigh before losing weight?
A. 280 pounds. B. 240 pounds. C. 200 pounds.
20. What habit does the speaker have now?
A Running nonstop for eight miles daily.
B. Running different distances in a week.
C. Running long distances twice a week.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Among the works of art ever created by human hands, there are those masterpieces that have left their mark on the history of mankind forever. These artworks have always inspired millions of people for creative daring and new creative discoveries.
Mona Lisa
Probably the most famous painting in the world is Leonardo da Vinci’s La Gioconda, better known as Mona Lisa. This painting is an image of Madame Gherardini, the ideal woman of the Renaissance. And it suffered from being damaged, stolen and even hung in Napoleon’s bedroom. The painting is officially announced priceless, as this masterpiece is the best art of all time. Mona Lisa is currently kept in the Louvre, Paris.
The Birth of Venus
Another of the most famous paintings is the Birth of Venus. Botticelli’s painting illustrates the myth of the birth of Aphrodite. The beautiful goddess floats to the shore in a sea shell and on the shore she is met by one of the Graces. The Birth of Venus is well preserved thanks to the fact that Botticelli applied a protective layer of egg yolk (蛋黄) to the painting. This masterpiece is kept in Florence in the Uffizi Gallery.
The Persistence of Memory
According to the author himself, the picture was painted as a result of abstract associations that Dali had at the sight of processed cheese. Gala predicted quite correctly that no one, once having seen the Persistence of Memory, will forget it. This outstanding painting is located in the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Girl with a Pearl Earring
It’s an oil painting on canvas (画布) by Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer, one of his most well-known works. It describes an imaginary young woman in exotic (异国情调的) dress and a very large pearl earring. The work permanently stays in the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague.
1. Which picture experienced a lot in its being preserved process?
A. Mona Lisa. B. The Birth of Venus.
C. The Persistence of Memory. D. Girl with a Pearl Earring.
2. How is the Birth of Venus well preserved?
A. By being painted on canvas.
B. By being kept in Florence.
C. With permanent care.
D. With a protective layer of egg of yolk.
3. Where will you probably find the text?
A. In a novel. B. In a fairy tale.
C. In a magazine. D. In a book review.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mona Lisa部分中“And it suffered from being damaged, stolen and even hung in Napoleon’s bedroom.(它遭受了损坏，被盗，甚至挂在拿破仑的卧室里)”可知，Mona Lisa在保存过程中经历了很多。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Birth of Venus部分中“The Birth of Venus is well preserved thanks to the fact that Botticelli applied a protective layer of egg yolk (蛋黄) to the painting.(《维纳斯的诞生》之所以保存得很好，是因为波提切利在画作上涂了一层蛋黄保护层)”可知，因为有一层蛋黄的保护层，所以《维纳斯的诞生》保存得很好。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Among the works of art ever created by human hands, there are those masterpieces that have left their mark on the history of mankind forever. These artworks have always inspired millions of people for creative daring and new creative discoveries.(在人类创造的艺术作品中，有一些杰作在人类历史上留下了永远的印记。这些艺术品一直激励着数以百万计的人进行创造性的大胆尝试和新的创造性发现)”及下文可知，文章介绍了四幅名画。由此推知，本文可能出自与艺术相关的杂志。故选C项。
B
Eight months after my father died, I saw some letters on top of my mother’s coffee table. They were tied with a silk ribbon (丝带) and addressed to her decades ago in my father’s neat handwriting. I couldn’t imagine my serious father ever writing anything like love letters.
“Would you like me to read them to you?” Mom asked with a smile.
The letters were written in 1974 when my father traveled to Italy to care for his beloved, sick mother, leaving his wife and me, their new born daughter, behind in Toronto, the city my parents called home after immigrating to Canada from Italy in 1956.
Growing up, my father was my hero and protector, but he was also a man of few words, part of a generation of immigrant men who worked hard for a better life.
I sat back while my mother read his letters to me, and thought, “Who is this guy?” My father used endearing expressions I had never heard him say. He referred to my mother as “my dearest” and “my companion” who was always in his thoughts. In each letter, he attached a Canadian one–dollar bill for me and announced, “You and your mother are my life.”
As children, we are sure we know everything about our parents. But, sometimes, we find out that they were and are people with various aspects.
My father was proud and stubborn (固执的), and so was my mother. During their 58-year marriage, their stubbornness often led to conflict. So it was bittersweet to hear my father’s youthful feelings read aloud by elderly mother with a wistful (留恋的) tone.
These letters are only part of their correspondence. My mother wrote back to my father. One day she will read those letters to me. And just as with my father, they might help me discover another dimension of a parent I never knew before.
4. How did the author feel while Mom read Dad’s letters?
A. Amused. B. Depressed. C. Surprised. D. Heartbroken.
5. Why did the father travel abroad?
A. To have a reunion with his wife.
B. To attend his beloved, sick mother.
C. To take care of the new born daughter.
D. To visit the city my parents called home.
6. What can we learn about the author’s father ?
A. He was good at hiding his feelings.
B. He was proud and sociable.
C. He was a loving husband and father.
D. He was stubborn and serious.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. My Father, My Hero B. Understanding Our Loved Ones
C. My Parents’ Marriage D. Finding a Different Father
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者发现过世的父亲写给妈妈的情书，情书里表达了他对妻子和女儿的爱。作者听妈妈读这些情书，发现了他们鲜为人知的一面，让她感到很惊讶。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“I sat back while my mother read his letters to me, and thought, ‘Who is this guy?’ My father used endearing expressions I had never heard him say. (妈妈给我读他的信时，我靠在椅背上，心想：“这家伙是谁?”父亲用了一些我从未听他说过的可爱的表达方式)”可推知，当妈妈读父亲的信时，作者发现了一个自己不熟悉的父亲，感到很惊讶。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The letters were written in 1974 when my father traveled to Italy to care for his beloved, sick mother (这些信写于1974年，当时我父亲去意大利照顾他深爱的生病的母亲)”可知，父亲出国是为了照顾他亲爱的、生病了的母亲。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Growing up, my father was my hero and protector, but he was also a man of few words, part of a generation of immigrant men who worked hard for a better life. (在我的成长过程中，父亲是我的英雄和保护者，但他也是一个沉默寡言的人，属于为更好的生活而努力工作的一代移民)”和第五段中“My father used endearing expressions I had never heard him say. He referred to my mother as ‘my dearest’ and ‘my companion’ who was always in his thoughts. In each letter, he attached a Canadian one–dollar bill for me and announced, ‘You and your mother are my life.’ (父亲用了一些我从未听他说过的可爱的表达方式。他称我母亲为“我最亲爱的”和“我的伴侣”，他总是想着她。在每封信里，他都附上一张加拿大一元钞票给我，并宣布：“你和你母亲是我的生命。”)”可推知，虽然父亲平时是一个沉默寡言的人，但他内心深爱着自己的妻子和女儿，所以他是一个“充满爱的丈夫和父亲”。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第五段中“My father used endearing expressions I had never heard him say. He referred to my mother as ‘my dearest’ and ‘my companion’ who was always in his thoughts. In each letter, he attached a Canadian one–dollar bill for me and announced, ‘You and your mother are my life.’ (父亲用了一些我从未听他说过的可爱的表达方式。他称我母亲为“我最亲爱的”和“我的伴侣”，他总是想着她。在每封信里，他都附上一张加拿大一元钞票给我，并宣布:“你和你母亲是我的生命。”)可知，作者从父亲写给妈妈的情书中发现了一个不一样的父亲，父亲不再是一个沉默寡言固执的人，而是一个充满了爱的丈夫和父亲。所以“Finding a Different Father (发现一个不一样的父亲)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。
C
Many of us were told from an early age that, “you learn from your mistakes”. But is this actually true?
The short answer is “yes” — failure can be a teachable moment. But learning from our mistakes is, in reality, very hard because we don’t like to fail. It doesn’t feel good, so we react to failure in impulsive and emotional ways, like giving up on a task prematurely, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding fault with the task itself. This is self-protective, according to Hallgeir, a professor of psychology at the Norwegian School of Economics. “Most of us want to think of ourselves as competent”, he says, so when we fail “it poses a serious threat to our self-image”.
Fortunately, there is research to suggest that there are some strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers around failure. One of them is to adopt a third-person perspective. Instead of asking “Why did I fail?”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail?”, for example. Multiple studies by psychologist Ethan Kross at the University of Michigan show that adopting a third-person perspective helps to soften our negative emotional reactions, allowing us to look at failure more objectively.
A second strategy involves offering advice to others who may be in the same position as us. This strategy led to better levels of motivation and academic success in the test groups — involving both adults and children — that were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors Eskreis-Winkler and Duckworth found that the satisfaction of helping others “forces people to engage with their experience and what they have learned”.
The writer Samuel Beckett once said: “fail again, fail better”. But it now seems that we should be saying: “fail again, fail smarter”. Failure is an unavoidable part of life, but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to navigate (确定方向).
8. What does the underlined word “impulsive” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Uncontrollable. B. Optimistic. C. Impressive. D. Ambitious.
9. Why don’t we like to fail?
A. Failure can be teachable.
B. Failure threatens our self-image.
C. Failure is an unavoidable part of life.
D. Learning from our failures is very hard.
10. Which of the following will the writer agree with?
A. Failure can be avoided if we learn from it.
B. Giving advice to others can help us fail better.
C. Only those who succeed can give advice to others.
D. A third-person perspective helps us out of the bad feelings of failure.
11. What does the text focus on?
A. Smarter ways to learn from failure.
B. How to fail better when we fail again.
C. Failure can let us succeed more easily.
D. Why we react to failure in emotional ways.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了失败是生活的一部分，但从中吸取教训并不总是那么容易。研究表明，有一些方法可以帮助我们更客观地看待失败，比如采用第三人称视角或向他人提供建议。这可以帮助我们更聪明地处理失败，使我们更容易找到成功。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“It doesn’t feel good, so we react to failure in impulsive and emotional ways, like giving up on a task prematurely, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding fault with the task itself.(这种感觉不好，所以我们对失败的反应是impulsive和情绪化的，比如过早地放弃一项任务，告诉自己我们不在乎是否成功，或者对任务本身吹毛求疵)”可知impulsive与emotional是并列关系，是形容词，修饰名词ways，结合句中“like giving up on a task prematurely, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding fault with the task itself.”可知，这些都是不理性的、情绪化的行为，结合选项，impulsive与形容词uncontrollable“无法控制的”表达的意思相近。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“ ‘Most of us want to think of ourselves as competent’, he says, so when we fail ‘it poses a serious threat to our self-image’.(他说：“我们大多数人都认为自己有能力，所以当我们失败时，这对我们的自我形象构成了严重威胁。”)”可推知，我们不喜欢失败的原因是失败威胁到我们的自我形象。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Fortunately, there is research to suggest that there are some strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers around failure. One of them is to adopt a third-person perspective.(幸运的是，有研究表明，有一些策略可以帮助我们克服失败带来的情感障碍。其中之一便是采用第三人称视角)”可推知，作者会赞成第三人称视角可以帮助我们摆脱失败的负面情绪的说法。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通过全文，结合文章第三段中“Fortunately, there is research to suggest that there are some strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers around failure.(幸运的是，有研究表明，有一些策略可以帮助我们克服失败带来的情感障碍)”和最后一段中“The writer Samuel Beckett once said: ‘fail again, fail better’. But it now seems that we should be saying: ‘fail again, fail smarter’. Failure is an unavoidable part of life, but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to navigate (确定方向).(作家塞缪尔·贝克特曾经说过：“再失败，失败得更好”。但现在看来，我们应该说：“再次失败，更聪明地失败”。失败是生活中不可避免的一部分，但通过学会克服它周围的情感障碍，我们可能会发现通往成功的道路更容易找到)”可推知，本文介绍一些方法可以帮助我们克服失败带来的情感障碍，帮助我们更聪明地看待失败，所以“Smarter ways to learn from failure.(更聪明地从失败中学习的方法)”是文章关注点。故选A项。
D
The Department for Health and Social Care (DHSC) confirmed this week that a ban on displaying products high in fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) in noticeable locations such as shop entrances and cashier desk areas will come into force on October 1. The Government also confirmed it is delaying a ban on multibuy deals on HFSS foods, such as “buy one, get one free”, until October next year in response to customers facing cost-of-living pressure. There has been no confirmation over plans for a crackdown (打击) on junk food advertising, which had also been delayed for a year.
It emerged earlier this month that the Government was reviewing its anti-obesity (对抗肥胖) strategy. It was reported that plans to tackle junk food could be abandoned by Prime Minister Ms Truss with fears that it would increase pressure on customers already struggling with rising costs.
Food and Drink Federation chief executive (执行官) Karen Betts said: “Our industry looks forward to continuing to work with Government to help tackle obesity and poor diets. Food and drink businesses know we have worked hard over many years to redevelop the recipes of our products to make them healthier while keeping their delicious flavours. This has included work to help people choose appropriate amount of food. We know how valuable good health is to everyone, and we’re committed to continuing with this and other work to help people eat well whatever their lifestyle.”
Association of Convenience Stores chief executive James Lowman said, “Local shops have sunk huge sums of money in refitting their stores to obey these regulations when their businesses are already under pressure from rising energy bills and increased products costs. Retailers (零售商) have been frustrated by the Government’s rushed approaches to policy development and hesitancy about implementation dates.”
Health campaigners said they hope companies will use the year’s delay “responsibly” to develop a healthier food offering.
12. According to the passage, which regulation will be put into effect?
A. The ban on junk food.
B. The ban on junk food display.
C. The ban on junk food advertising.
D. The ban on multibuy deals on junk foods.
13. Why did the Government hesitate to carry out the bans on junk food?
A. It was concerned about the obesity problem.
B. It was concerned about the food display problem.
C. It was concerned about the food flavours problem.
D. It was concerned about the cost-of-living pressure.
14. What is the attitude of retailers towards the ban?
A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Opposed.
15. What can we infer from the text?
A. Food and drink businesses support anti-obesity strategy.
B. The Government only cares about the economy development.
C. Local shops look forward to the ban on displaying HFSS products.
D. Health campaigners will take the responsibility to offer healthier diets.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道的主要内容是：在英国，一项禁止在商店入口处和收银台等显眼位置展示高脂肪、高盐和高糖产品的禁令将于10月1日生效。但其它一些针对垃圾食品的禁令或被推迟。报道分析了出台这些政策的原因以及人们的态度。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“The Department for Health and Social Care (DHSC) confirmed this week that a ban on displaying products high in fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) in noticeable locations such as shop entrances and cashier desk areas will come into force on October 1.（英国卫生和社会保障部(DHSC)本周证实，一项禁止在商店入口处和收银台等显眼位置展示高脂肪、高盐和高糖产品的禁令将于10月1日生效）”可知，在英国即将实施的是禁止在商店入口处和收银台等显眼位置展示垃圾食品的禁令。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“The Government also confirmed it is delaying a ban on multibuy deals on HFSS foods, such as “buy one, get one free”, until October next year in response to customers facing cost-of-living pressure.（政府还证实，为了应对消费者面临的生活成本压力，它将推迟对三高食品的多重购买禁令，如‘买一送一’，直到明年10月）”可知，政府在实施垃圾食品禁令时犹豫不决主要是担心人们面临的生活成本压力。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的第四段“Association of Convenience Stores chief executive James Lowman said, ‘Local shops have sunk huge sums of money in refitting their stores to obey these regulations when their businesses are already under pressure from rising energy bills and increased products costs. Retailers (零售商) have been frustrated by the Government’s rushed approaches to policy development and hesitancy about implementation dates.’（ 便利店协会首席执行官詹姆斯·洛曼说：‘当地的商店已经承受着能源费用上涨和产品成本上升的压力，但为了遵守这些规定，他们已经投入了大量资金来改造他们的商店。零售商们对政府仓促制定政策和迟迟不确定实施日期感到失望’）”可以推论出，零售商对于这一禁令肯定是反对的，因为他们要投入大量资金来改造他们的商店。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Food and Drink Federation chief executive Karen Betts said: ‘Our industry looks forward to continuing to work with Government to help tackle obesity and poor diets. Food and drink businesses know we have worked hard over many years to redevelop the recipes of our products to make them healthier while keeping their delicious flavours. This has included work to help people choose appropriate amount of food. We know how valuable good health is to everyone, and we’re committed to continuing with this and other work to help people eat well whatever their lifestyle.’（食品和饮料联合会首席执行官凯伦·贝茨说：‘我们的行业期待着继续与政府合作，帮助解决肥胖和不良饮食问题。食品和饮料企业知道，我们多年来一直在努力重新开发我们产品的配方，使它们在保持美味的同时更健康。这包括帮助人们选择适量食物的工作。我们知道健康对每个人都很重要，我们致力于继续这项工作和其他工作，帮助人们吃得好，不管他们的生活方式是什么’）”可以推论出，食品和饮料企业是支持反肥胖战略的。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Even successful poets may be frightened the first time they sit down to write a poem. This is hardly unusual. But the good news is that once ideas begin to flow, the craft of poetry is remarkably satisfying. ____16____
Don’t be absorbed in your first line. If you don’t feel you have exactly the right words to open your poem, don’t give up there. ____17____ The opening line is just one component of an overall piece of art. Don’t give it more outsized importance than it needs.
Accept tools. If a rhyming dictionary will help you complete a poem, you should definitely use it. ____18____ Just be sure you understand the true meaning of the words you put into your poem. Some synonyms (同义词) listed in a dictionary will be different from the meaning you wish to convey.
Enhance the poetic form with literary devices. ____19____ Develop your poetry writing skills by using metaphor, imagery, and other literary devices into your poems. This can be relatively easy in an unrhymed form like free verse, and more challenging in poetic forms that have strict rules about rhyme.
____20____ Writing poetry is so much more fruitful when you’re involved in the work of others. Make the language of poetry second nature by reading other poets — both the classics and living, working artists.
A. Start small.
B Read poetry whenever possible.
C. Here are tips to help you start writing.
D. Form choice is the most essential component of a good poem.
E. Keep writing and come back to the first line when you’re ready.
F. Like any form of writing, poetry is enhanced by literary devices.
G. You’d be surprised how many professional writers also make use of these tools.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个帮助你开始写诗的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Even successful poets may be frightened the first time they sit down to write a poem. This is hardly unusual. But the good news is that once ideas begin to flow, the craft of poetry is remarkably satisfying. (即使是成功的诗人，在第一次坐下来写诗时也可能会感到害怕。这并不奇怪。但好消息是，一旦文思开始涌动，诗歌技巧就会非常令人满意的)”提出尽管诗歌创作很难，但还是有法可循，下文四个自然段分别介绍了帮助诗歌创作的四个方法。C项“Here are tips to help you start writing.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你开始写作)”承上启下，引出下文的方法。故选C项。
【17题详解】
上文“Don’t be absorbed in your first line. If you don’t feel you have exactly the right words to open your poem, don’t give up there. (不要专注于你的第一行。如果你觉得没有合适的语言来作为诗的开头，也不要就此放弃)”提出不要太在意第一行诗，不能因为写不出第一行就放弃，E项“Keep writing and come back to the first line when you’re ready.(继续写，准备好了再回去写第一行)”提出策略：先放一放，后面再去写第一行，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“Accept tools. If a rhyming dictionary will help you complete a poem, you should definitely use it.(使用工具。如果一本押韵词典能帮助你完成一首诗，你绝对应该使用它)”建议用工具书帮助写诗，G项“You’d be surprised how many professional writers also make use of these tools.(你会惊讶于有多少专业作家也在使用这些工具)”举例证明用工具书写诗的可行性，句中“tools”是关键词。故选G项。
【19题详解】
下文“Develop your poetry writing skills by using metaphor, imagery, and other literary devices into your poems.(通过在诗歌中使用隐喻、意象和其他文学手法来提高你的诗歌写作技巧)”列举了一些提高诗歌写作技巧的文学手法，是对F项“Like any form of writing, poetry is enhanced by literary devices.(像任何形式的写作一样，诗歌也通过文学手法得到强化)”的具体说明，句中“literary devices”是关键词。故选F项。
【20题详解】
设空句是段首主题句，下文“Writing poetry is so much more fruitful when you’re involved in the work of others. Make the language of poetry second nature by reading other poets — both the classics and living, working artists.(当你参与到别人的工作中时，写诗会更富有成效。通过阅读其他诗人的作品，使诗歌的语言成为第二天性——无论是经典作品还是活着的艺术家)”提出通过阅读别人的作品来提高自己的水平。B项“Read poetry whenever possible.(一有机会就读诗)”是最佳主题句。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was in Australia. By mid-afternoon on Thursday, Adrian Main was working outside in the ____21____. Over the years, he had ____22____ many animals while digging around in soil, but he knew how to ____23____ the dangerous ones.
Now his shovel (铲子) was in his car, parked 50 meters away. He considered getting it, but the job was ____24____. So he used his hands instead. Just as his fingers slid under the pile of ____25____, he felt a(an) ____26____ pain in his left hand. Adran quickly ____27____ out his hand, seeing a spider biting his finger.
Adrian knew immediately that the spider was a Sydney funnel-web (漏斗型蜘蛛), the ____28____ in Australia. He ____29____ his hand up and down to throw off the spider and after three or four seconds, it finally let go and dropped to fallen leaves again.
He _____30_____ to his coworker, Phil, who was working close by. Phil _____31_____ his shovel and ran over. The pair calmly walked to the car while Adrian pressed down on his finger to _____32_____ the spread of venom (毒液) into his bloodstream. They both knew a bite like this, if left untreated, could _____33_____ death within an hour.
_____34_____, the forests where they had been working was not very far from the hospital. Adrian walked into the emergency department with _____35_____ still streaming down his finger. He calmly told the nurse that he’d been bitten by a Sydney funnel-web, and was quickly brought to a bed. He finally was saved.
21. A. zoo B. woods C. yard D. park
22. A. saved B. hurt C. killed D. encountered
23. A. struggle with B. tell apart C. come across D. look after
24. A. dangerous B. difficult C. small D. demanding
25. A. leaves B. branches C. soil D. waste
26. A. slight B. bearable C. imaginary D. sharp
27. A. put B. pulled C. reached D. checked
28. A. mildest B. deadliest C. strongest D. wildest
29. A. kept B. checked C. waved D. pushed
30. A. jumped B. showed C. shouted D. whispered
31. A. dropped B. took C. folded D. packed
32. A. slow B. forbid C. ignore D. clear
33. A. add to B. turn to C. adjust to D. lead to
34. A. Gradually B. Therefore C. Fortunately D. Actually
35. A. blood B. sweat C. poison D. liquid
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了阿德里安在森林工作的时候被漏斗网蜘蛛咬伤，在同事菲尔的帮助下及时得到救治的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周四下午三点左右，阿德里安·梅因在森林里工作。A. zoo动物园；B. woods森林；C. yard院子；D. park公园。根据下文“　14　, the forests where they had been working was not very far from the hospital.”可知，阿德里安在森林里工作。故选B项。
22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，他在挖掘土壤时遇到过许多动物，但他知道如何区分危险的动物。A. saved救活；B. hurt使受伤；C. killed杀死；D. encountered遇到。根据上文和“digging around in soil”可知，阿德里安在森林里工作，所以在工作过程中会遇到过许多动物。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，他在挖掘土壤时遇到过许多动物，但他知道如何区分危险的动物。A. struggle with与……斗争；B. tell apart区分，分辨；C. come across偶然遇到；D. look after照顾。上文说阿德里安在森林中遇到过许多动物，结合句中转折连词“but”和“the dangerous ones”可推知，虽然会遇到过许多动物，但他能识别哪些是危险的，不会受到伤害。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他考虑过去拿铲子，但任务小，很简单。A. dangerous危险的；B. difficult困难的；C. small小的；D. demanding要求高的。根据下文“So he used his hands instead.”可推知，阿德里安最终决定不用铲子而直接用手，说明任务小，很简单，不需要工具。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当他的手指滑到那堆树叶下面时，他感到左手一阵剧痛。A. leaves树叶；B. branches树枝；C. soil土壤；D. waste废物。根据下文“He　9　his hand up and down to throw off the spider and after three or four seconds, it finally let go and dropped to fallen leaves again.”中“fallen leaves again”可知，他把手指伸到了树叶下面。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正当他的手指滑到那堆树叶下面时，他感到左手一阵剧痛。A. slight轻微的；B. bearable可忍受的；C. imaginary想象中的；D. sharp剧烈的，强烈的。根据下文“Adran quickly　7　out his hand”可推知，剧烈的疼痛让阿德里安迅速把手抽了出来。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿德兰看到一只蜘蛛在咬他的手指，赶紧把手抽出来。A. put放置；B. pulled拉，拽；C. reached到达；D. checked检查。根据上文可知，他把手伸到了树叶下面，所以现在是把手抽出来。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿德里安立刻知道这是悉尼漏斗网蜘蛛，是澳大利亚最致命的蜘蛛。A. mildest最温和的；B. deadliest最致命的；C. strongest最强大的；D. wildest最狂野的。根据下文“They both knew a bite like this, if left untreated, could　13　death within an hour.”可知，漏斗网蜘蛛是最致命的，如果不及时治疗，可能会在一小时内死亡。故B选项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他上下挥挥手，想把蜘蛛甩开，过了三四秒钟，蜘蛛终于松手了，又掉到了落叶上。A. kept保持；B. checked检查；C. waved挥舞；D. pushed推。根据句中“up and down to throw off the spider”可知，他想挥舞手来甩掉蜘蛛。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词词义辨析。句意：他朝在附近工作的同事菲尔大喊。A. jumped跳跃；B. showed显示；C. shouted喊叫；D. whispered低语。根据句中“Phil, who was working close by”可知，阿德里安大喊向附近的同事求助。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：菲尔扔下铲子跑了过来。A. dropped丢弃；B. took带走；C. folded折叠；D. packed打包。结合常识和句中“his shovel”可知，知道同事遇险，所以菲尔扔下铲子就跑了过来。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人平静地走向汽车，阿德里安用手按住手指，以减缓毒液进入血液的速度。A. slow减速；B. forbid禁止；C. ignore忽略；D. clear明确。结合常识和句中“Adrian pressed down on his finger”与“the spread of venom (毒液) into his bloodstream”可推知，按住被咬的手指可以减缓毒液在血液中流动的速度。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们都知道这样的伤口，如果不及时治疗，可能会在一小时内死亡。A. add to增加；B. turn to转向；C. adjust to适应；D. lead to导致。根据句中“if left untreated”可知，被澳大利亚最致命的蜘蛛咬伤，如果不及时治疗，会导致死亡。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们工作的森林离医院不远。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Therefore因此；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Actually实际上。根据下文“the forests where they had been working was not very far from the hospital”可知，他们离医院不远，这是幸运的事情。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾德里安走进急诊室，手指上还流着血。A. blood血液；B. sweat汗水；C. poison毒药；D. liquid液体。根据句中“streaming down his finger”可知，是血液从伤口中流出来。故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A young Chinese woman who lost an eye in a serious car accident ____36____ (devote) her life to creating prosthetic eyes (义眼) that flash different colors.
In 2013, Xintong lost one of her eyes in ____37____ car accident. She was only 18 at the time and she had it ____38____ (replace) with a prosthetic eye. Instead of losing confidence in herself and shying away from people because of her ____39____ (appear), the young woman finally decided to turn her situation to make herself stand out. After ____40____ (study) to become a prosthetic eye technician (假眼技师), Xintong started making all sorts of unique prostheses for herself, ____41____ she showed off on social media, slowly building up a loyal following.
Xintong is perfectly capable of making classic prosthetic eyes that ____42____ (be) almost indistinguishable from real ones, but she is best known for her “bionic (仿生) eyes” that light up different colors and even flash at the press of a button. Short videos of ____43____ (she) trying out some of these ____44____ (usual) prostheses have been going popular in China and she recently got the attention of mainstream media as well.
Xintong told Beijing News that she got into making prosthetic eyes _____45_____ a way of helping people like her deal with confidence issues.
【答案】36. devoted 37. a
38. replaced
39. appearance
40. studying
41. which 42. are
43. her 44. unusual 45. as
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。文章报道了年轻的中国女子欣彤在一场车祸中失去了一只眼睛，但她并没有沉沦，而是开始为制作各种独特的义眼，通过这种方式来帮助像她这样的人解决自信心问题。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：一名年轻的中国女子在一次严重的车祸中失去了一只眼睛，她毕生致力于制造能闪烁不同颜色的假眼。分析句子可知，devote(献身，致力；把……用于)是句中谓语动词，与主语A young Chinese woman之间是主动关系，结合句意和从句中时态可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填devoted。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2013年，欣彤在一场车祸中失去了一只眼睛。可数名词accident在句中表示“一场车祸”，泛指，空格后单词car发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当时她只有18岁，她用一只假眼代替了这只眼睛。提示词作使役动词had后宾语it的补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语it之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填replaced。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：这位年轻女子并没有因为自己的外表而对自己失去信心，回避别人，而是最终决定改变自己的处境，让自己脱颖而出。提示词作宾语，用名词appearance，意为“外表，外貌”，不可数名词。故填appearance。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在学习成为一名义眼技术员后，欣彤开始为自己制作各种独特的义肢，并在社交媒体上展示，慢慢地积累了一批忠实的粉丝。介词After后用动名词作宾语。故填studying。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在学习成为一名义眼技术员后，欣彤开始为自己制作各种独特的义肢，并在社交媒体上展示，慢慢地积累了一批忠实的粉丝。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词prostheses，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：欣彤完全有能力做出与真眼睛几乎没有区别的经典假眼睛，但她最出名的是她的“仿生眼睛”，它会发出不同的颜色，甚至在按下按钮时闪烁。提示词是定语从句中连系动词，讲述现在的事情，用一般现在时态，主语that(指代先行词prosthetic eyes)指代复数名词，所以系动词用复数形式。故填are。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：她尝试这些不同寻常的假肢的短视频在中国很受欢迎，最近她也得到了主流媒体的关注。提示词作定语，修饰动名词短语，用形容词性物主代词her。故填her。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她尝试这些不同寻常的假肢的短视频在中国很受欢迎，最近她也得到了主流媒体的关注。提示词作定语，结合句意，表示“不同寻常的”，用反义形容词unusual。故填unusual。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：欣彤告诉《新京报》，她之所以选择制作假眼，是为了帮助像她这样的人解决自信心问题。as a way of...是固定短语，意为“作为一种……的方法”。故填as。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华。4月22日是世界地球日(The World Earth Day)，你校开展了为期一周的世界地球日宣传活动。请你在英语校报上写一篇报道。内容包括：
1. 活动情况；
2. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】Recently, our school launched a week-long campaign to celebrate The World Earth Day. During the week, a series of activities were organized, such as lectures on environmental protection and competitions on environmental knowledge.
The campaign has been warmly welcomed by our students. Many of them were deeply impressed by the lectures, and learned more about the importance of protecting the environment. Others took part in the competitions and class discussions actively, sharing their ideas on how to make our campus greener.
We believe that through this campaign, our students will have a deeper understanding of the environment and will be more willing to take actions to protect it.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。4月22日是世界地球日(The World Earth Day)，学校开展了为期一周世界地球日宣传活动。要求考生给英语校报写一篇相关报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently → lately
竞争，比赛：competition → contest
重要性：importance → significance
活动：campaign → activity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：During the week, a series of activities were organized, such as lectures on environmental protection and competitions on environmental knowledge.
拓展句：During the week, a series of activities were organized, which included lectures on environmental protection and competitions on environmental knowledge.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Others took part in the competitions and class discussions actively, sharing their ideas on how to make our campus greener. (运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语)
[高分句型2] We believe that through this campaign, our students will have a deeper understanding of the environment and will be more willing to take actions to protect it.(运用了连词that引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the last five years, since Liesl’s first book, Rump, was published, she has had the pleasure to meet and interact with many fine educators across the country. These teachers are wise and fully invest in their students’ success. The teachers she has met know that the job is not the tests. It is the child.
Then Liesl met a fourth grade teacher who told her about a girl Angie in his class who had connected with Rump in a deep and powerful way. At the start of fourth grade, Angie was reading below average level and struggled in other areas as well. Perhaps even more troublesome than her low reading level was Angie’s lack of confidence. But as the teacher read Rump aloud to the class, Angie felt an awakening. The teacher noticed. He asked Angie to tell how she was feeling about this book.
Angie explained that she felt like she was like Rump, caught up in a mess and not sure how to get out. As she followed his journey and watched him grow and clean up his own messes, she wondered if she might be able to do the same. Could she overcome her own troubles?
Angie’s teacher wrote to Liesl about this experience, and Liesl was touched that something she wrote could have such a deep effect on a child. She was even more touched by the teacher’s devotion. The teacher noticed this child’s experience with Liesl book and he took the time to talk to Angie about it and help her. That is care. That is education: to guide children to self-awareness and the belief that they have potential and talents.
Liesl didn’t believe Angie’s issues would be solved overnight. Just because Angie felt confirmed by a story Liesl wrote, she was not suddenly a great reader or student. But at least a seed of confidence was grown.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The teacher made efforts to encourage Angie for more independent reading.
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Two years ago, when Liesl’s third book came out, Angie’s teacher got in touch with Liesl again.
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【答案】 The teacher made efforts to encourage Angie for more independent reading. He consciously chose some books to read aloud that Angie could particularly relate to. They read books together again and again. Angie felt a connection to the heroes in these books. She experienced the same route and felt the same confusion and happiness, and her confidence shifted and expanded even more. Gradually, Angie caught up with other students in the class, not only in reading, but also in some other subjects.
Two years ago, when Liesl’s third book came out, Angie's teacher got in touch with Liesl again. Liesl was going to come to Angie’s town on her book tour. The teacher told Liesl that he was going to bring Angie, who was totally different from the past, to meet her. Liesl will never forget that night. Liesl hugged Angie tightly. They talked, they laughed, they cried, while Angie's teacher watched from the sidelines, smiling at this moment. He made it happen. Liesl wrote a book, but it was he who put it in that girl’s hands and heart.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，Angie的阅读水平低于平均水平，并且缺乏自信。Liesl的书Rump让Angie觉醒，老师鼓励Angie多进行独立阅读，并和Angie一起读书交流。渐渐地，Angie有了自信，在各方面赶上了其他同学。Liesl到Angie的镇上参加巡回售书时，老师带Angie见到了Liesl。见面后，Liesl和Angie紧紧拥抱在一起。书和老师的帮助改变了Angie。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“老师努力鼓励Angie多做独立阅读。”可知，第一段可描写老师和Angie一起阅读和Angie的变化。
②由第二段首句内容“两年前，当Liesl的第三本书出版时，Angie的老师再次联系了Liesl。”可知，Angie的老师带Angie去见Liesl以及她们见面后的情形。
2.续写线索：Angie的阅读水平低——Liesl的书Rump让Angie觉醒——Liesl被感动——老师鼓励Angie多进行独立阅读——Angie的变化——Angie和Liesl见面——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①选择：choose/select
②见面：meet/see
③拥抱：hug/embrace
情绪类
①快乐：happiness/joy
②微笑：smile/beam
【点睛】[高分句型1] He consciously chose some books to read aloud that Angie could particularly relate to.（由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] The teacher told Liesl that he was going to bring Angie, who was totally different from the past, to meet her.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句和关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3] Liesl wrote a book, but it was he who put it in that girl’s hands and heart.（运用强调句型对句子的主语he进行强调）