还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
山东省菏泽市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）
展开
这是一份山东省菏泽市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析），共21页。
全市高三第二次模拟测试
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, B, C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Cash Composition Contest
In support of Financial Literacy Month (April), Michigan State University Extension and 4-H, a youth organization, are coordinating (协调) the Cash Composition Contest. Youths residing in Michigan are encouraged to answer this year’s essay question with an essay of 300 words or less. The 5 top-scoring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks to the generous sponsorship by Extra Credit Union.
Timeline
April 30, 2023: Essay submission due by 11:59 pm
May 31, 2023: Winners notified
Cash Composition Topic
What is the difference between a need and a want? Discuss how you determine if something is a need or a want. How can you make sure you have enough money to get your needs and still enjoy some of your wants? Share how needs and wants might change throughout one’s life.
Grading Standards
● Quality of Writing
● Organization and Information
● Grammar
Guidelines
Participants must:
● Between 9—12 years of age as of January 1, 2023 living in the state of Michigan.
● Have knowledge of money management such as saving, spending, borrowing, and planning appropriate for age and grade level.
Requirements
● Youths must have parental or guardian permission to apply and participate.
● The application form must be completed by a parent/guardian.
● Youths must write an essay (300 words or less)on the assigned topic above.
● Essays must be submitted on the contest registration page.
● The essay must be the work of the student submitting it. It is highly recommended that youths write their essay prior to completing the registration/submission form.
1. Who will sponsor the contest prizes?
A. Michigan State University. B. Extra Credit Union.
C. A local youth organization. D. The state of Michigan.
2. What will be focused on in the entry?
A. The changes throughout one’s life.
B. The ways to improve quality of writing.
C. The need for charity management.
D. The discussions on needs and wants.
3. Which will result in disqualification for an applicant?
A. Submitting the essay on April 29. B. Writing an essay of 300 words.
C. Filling the application form in person. D. Finishing the essay before registration.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了写作比赛的相关事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段末句“The 5 top-scoring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks to the generous sponsorship by Extra Credit Union. (由于Extra Credit Union的慷慨赞助，得分最高的5篇文章将每人赢得100美元的礼品卡。)”可知，本次比赛的奖品将由Extra Credit Union赞助。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段末句“Share how needs and wants might change throughout one’s life. (分享在一个人的一生中需求和欲望是如何变化的。)”可知，关于需求和欲望的讨论将是参赛作品的重点。故选D。
3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“The application form must be completed by a parent/guardian. (申请表格必须由家长/监护人填写。)”可知，申请人如亲自填写申请表格，将被取消资格。故选C。
B
At a hotel, surrounded by teammates, he got the email. “Dear Spencer Heslop.” it read, “you have been invited to participate in the Selection Camp for the US Men’s National Team for 2022.”
The recent graduate from University of Michigan School of Public Health, dreamed of the opportunity to play for the United States since he was seven years old. After he developed a disease that often results in damage to the spinal cord (脊髓) and nerves, Heslop’s parents pushed him to try wheelchair basketball.
By high school, Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite. While he was never the biggest or strongest player, Heslop had a feel for the game and a desire to take it further. Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.
“As I applied to graduate school, I knew I would play wherever I was planning to go,” Heslop said. “University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice.” University of Michigan Adaptive Sports and Fitness was formed in 2018 to address the inequitable access to physical activity opportunities, competitive and recreational, for students with disabilities at University of Michigan.
Since Heslop joined the program in 2020, University of Michigan’s wheelchair basketball team became part of the NWBA’s Division Ⅱ. After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation to athletes and made the final twelve-man roster. This gave the recently graduated young man a better shot at his ultimate goal: playing for his country in the Paralympic Games.
4. What helped Heslop develop his passion for adaptive sports?
A. The unexpected disease at seven.
B. The email he received at a hotel.
C. The University of Michigan he dreamed of.
D. The experience in a wheelchair basketball team.
5. Why did Heslop choose University of Michigan?
A. He accepted a large sum of scholarship.
B. He could join his favorite sports program.
C. He was promised a chance to play for the country.
D. He was invited to set up Adaptive Sports and Fitness.
6. What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A. Heslop’s achievements. B. Heslop’s ultimate goal.
C. Heslop’s superior leadership. D. Heslop’s bright future.
7. Which can best describe Heslop?
A. Generous. B. Reliable. C. Creative. D. Determined.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述Spencer Heslop患上一种经常导致脊髓和神经损伤的疾病后打轮椅篮球，在2022年4月带领球队在NWBA全国比赛中获得第八名后，他参加了美国男子国家队选拔营，在那里他与30名全国运动员进行了竞争，并进入了最后的12人名单。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“By high school, Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite.(高中时，Heslop在一个竞技篮球队打轮椅篮球。这次经历让他看到了适应性运动的世界，这成为了他的最爱。)”可知，让Heslop对适应性运动产生了热情的是在轮椅篮球队的经历。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice.(密歇根大学在我的学术名单上名列前茅。我还听说他们正在努力开展适应性体育项目，这帮助我做出了选择。)”可知，Heslop选择密歇根大学是因为他可以参加他最喜欢的体育项目。故选B。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation to athletes and made the final twelve-man roster.(在2022年4月带领球队在NWBA全国比赛中获得第八名后，Heslop参加了美国男子国家队选拔营，在那里他与30名全国运动员进行了竞争，并进入了最后的12人名单。)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了Heslop所取得的成就。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.(面对许多挑战，他孜孜不倦地学习椅子技巧和调节，使他更具爆发力。)”可知，Heslop是有决心的，故选D。
C
When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
8. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom.
C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images.
9. What did the researcher do in the experiment?
A. She trained bumblebees to play balls.
B. She put small balls along the pathway.
C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest.
D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls.
10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5?
A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color
B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys
C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature
D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，这使它们成为已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too — that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(当你感到无聊时，你可能会开始玩球或其他物体。这种行为在人群中很常见。其他动物也喜欢它——这就是为什么狗会捡到一根棍子，或者猫会向玩具发起攻击。玩耍是消磨时间的一种令人愉快的方式。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，作者介绍了人类和一些动物是相似的，都会通过玩耍来消磨时间，以此来引起文章主题——大黄蜂也这样做。由此推知，作者通过介绍相似现象来引起文章主题。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled.(一条小路从大黄蜂的巢穴通往一个进食区。一边是滚动的小木球)”可知，在实验中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones.(和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的)”和划线词所在句子“Their play tapered off as they got older.(随着年龄的增长，它们的玩耍逐渐tapered off)”可知，和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的，这说明那些岁数大的黄蜂玩得较少。由此推知，随着年龄的增长，大黄蜂的玩得次数减少。由此推知，划线短语“tapered off”意为“减少”，与C项“Decreased.(减少)”意思一样。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，文章主要讲了实验表明，大黄蜂是已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。由此可知，D项“大黄蜂是已知的玩耍的第一种昆虫”适合做文章标题。故选D。
D
The UN this week launched a report urging companies to stop issuing false net-zero targets that amount to greenwashing.
Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model. Often, these industries spend more money making themselves appear sustainable than they do taking actual sustainable measures into their company.
Cities, financial institutions, and scores of companies have announced plans to reduce their emissions to zero, which, in principle, should help the fight against climate change.
“The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report.
Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere. Studies show that most of these net-zero plans will do little to stop temperatures from rising. For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong.
To close these net-zero loopholes, the UN this week released a report that includes 10 recommendations to ensure that companies, cities, regions, and other non-state actors issue credible and accountable net zero commitments. “Their plans cannot rely on cheap carbon credits instead of immediately cutting their own emissions,” Guterres said.
Financial institutions need to cut down emissions from all their investments and businesses need to bring down the carbon footprint of their supply chain, the report said. The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details.
12. What does “greenwashing” refer to?
A. A green technology. B. A misleading statement.
C. A business model. D. A spending target.
13. Why does the author mention the oil majors?
A. To prove oil majors are really responsible.
B. To set some good examples for other companies.
C. To show some net- zero commitments make no sense.
D. To indicate the benefit of net zero plans to climate change.
14. How does Guterres feel about the issued net-zero plans?
A. Dissatisfied. B. Guilty. C. Shocked. D. Confused.
15. What is advised to do to fix net-zero loopholes?
A. Plant more trees. B. Share more supply chains.
C. Depend on cheap carbon credits. D. Make concrete actionable targets.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国本周发布了一份报告，敦促企业停止发布相当于“洗绿”的虚假净零目标。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model.(“绿色清洗”是一个术语，用来描述这样一种情况：企业声称自己是环保型或可持续型的营销计划，而不是其商业模式的核心原则，从而误导消费者)”可推知，“洗绿”指的是一种误导性的说法。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere(许多净零排放计划包含遥远或不明确的目标，往往要求使用未经证实的技术，如碳捕获和植树，这实际上允许企业继续污染大气)”可知，一些净零承诺包含遥远或不明确的目标，往往要求使用未经证实的技术，这会允许企业继续污染大气。由此推知，一些净零承诺是没有意义的。接着文章列举石油巨头的例子“For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong.(例如，许多石油巨头宣布了到2050年将其业务排放量减至零的计划，这些计划没有考虑到它们销售的化石燃料所排放的碳，这将使它们能够增加产量。化石燃料产量非但没有下降，反而增长强劲)”来说明一些净零承诺是没有意义的。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中““The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report.(“问题在于，这些净零排放承诺的标准有不同程度的精确性和漏洞，”联合国秘书长Antonio Guterres在报告发布时说)”可推知，Guterres对净零计划是不满意的。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details.(该报告的主要作者Catherine McKenna敦促企业在一年内公布新的净零排放目标。更新后的目标必须包含具体的可操作细节)”可知，建议制定具体可行的目标来弥补净零漏洞，故选D。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with. ____16____ Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person.
Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care. ____17____ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you. This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment. With no kind and loving words, your actions have already said a lot.
____18____ Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment.
Use the right tone of voice. ____19____ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener. To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person, you would need to say it with the right tone of voice.
Listen patiently. People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反馈) that they wanted. Don’t be that person. After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time. ____20____
A. Say kind loving words.
B. Make use of polite expressions.
C. Then choose to appreciate others too.
D. Remember that words do not stand alone.
E. It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help.
F. This knowledge is gained through research and practice.
G. When you do this to someone, they can feel your warmth.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何照顾一个伤心的人。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with.(学习如何关心一个伤心人会帮助你在你爱的人和朋友倒下的时候陪在他们身边。然而，知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的)”可知，上文提到“知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的”，说明需要通过研究和实践获得，F选项This knowledge对应上文knowing how to care for a sad person。故F选项“这些知识是通过研究和实践获得的”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care.(给一个拥抱。拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心)”以及后文“This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.(这会让他们感到放松，对你敞开心扉)”可知，拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心，所以当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖。故G选项“当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖”承接上文，指出拥抱某人的好处，符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment.(现在，继续说几句好话吧。像“我在这里”、“我们在一起”、“你会挺过来的”、“依靠我”之类的话，可以帮助悲伤的人感觉好一点，让他们知道你会陪着他/她度过悲伤的时刻)”可知，本段主要关于对别人说一些暖心的话语，故A选项“说些亲切的爱的话”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Use the right tone of voice.(使用正确的语气)”以及后文“They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.(它们配合语气向听者传达意思)”可知，后文提到言语配合语气向听者传达意思，说明不是孤立的，D选项words对应后文they。故D选项“记住，言语不是孤立的”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.(问完问题后，耐心地听，知道那个悲伤的人当时会感激什么)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明倾听的作用：帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助，故E选项“它将帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding, winds and a record high storm.
Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to ____21____ because she is missing a leg. Her son Johnny tried ____22____ to get her to leave, but she refused again and again — she ____23____ the intensity of the storm.
Johnny lives four blocks away. When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist, he knew he had to take ____24____.
First, Johnny ____25____ his kids were taken care of. He gave them food and opened the attic (阁楼) so that they could ____26____ through the roof if water continued to rise. Then, he jumped out of a window and began to ____27____.
Johnny was racing against the clock. He knew he only had a(n) ____28____ period of time to get there before the water rose above Karen’s ____29____. It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks. The sound of Karen yelling was _____30_____ to his ears! She was still alive!
Everyone in Johnny’s family is now _____31_____ although they’ve lost everything they owned. But they’re _____32_____ just to be here.
“I didn’t lose _____33_____. Life is like a computer, there’re two _____34_____: a reset and a power — and we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power, that got _____35_____,” he said.
21. A. get around B. help out C. sit up D. work out
22. A. simply B. repeatedly C. obviously D. particularly
23. A. calculated B. identified C. experienced D. underestimated
24. A. care B. place C. action D. charge
25. A. proved B. ensured C. noticed D. admitted
26. A. expand B. assist C. escape D. dominate
27. A. run B. ride C. drive D. swim
28. A. short B. efficient C. ideal D. indefinite
29. A. waist B. ankles C. head D. knees
30. A. harm B. music C. advice D. news
31. A. responsible B. remarkable C. innocent D. safe
32. A. grateful B. sure C. concerned D. surprised
33. A. memory B. hope C. sight D. weight
34. A. screens B. keyboards C. buttons D. monitors
35. A. prepared B. separated C. injured D. hit
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了强烈的暴风雨发生时，Johnny游了四个街区，去救自己因缺少一条腿而坐轮椅的母亲。虽然这场暴风雨让他们失去了家里所有的东西，但幸运的是，一家人都安全地活下来，这是很重要的。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Karen今年84岁，因缺了一条腿，她需要依靠轮椅行走。A. get around到处走走；B. help out帮忙……摆脱困难；C. sit up端坐；D. work out解决出。由下文“because she is missing a leg.”可知，Karen缺了一条腿，所以她需要依靠轮椅到处行走，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Johnny再三试图让她离开家里，但她一次又一次地拒绝——她低估了暴风雨的强度。A. simply简单地；B. repeatedly重复地；再三地；C. obviously显然地；D. particularly尤其；特别。由下文“but she refused again and again”可知，她儿子让她离开家里，但是她一遍又一遍拒绝儿子的要求，由此可知，她的儿子再三试图让她离开，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Johnny再三试图让她离开，但她一次又一次地拒绝——她低估了暴风雨的强度。A. calculated计算；B. identified辨认；C. experienced经历；D. underestimated低估。由第一段“Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding, winds and a record high storm.(飓风伊恩袭击了佛罗里达州，带来了洪水、狂风和创纪录的暴风雨。)”和下文“When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist(当Karen说她家的水已经到了她的腰部时)”和上文提到儿子让她离开可知，暴风雨强度很大，儿子劝她离开家里，但是她拒绝儿子的要求，由此可知，她低估了暴风雨的强度，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Karen说她家的水已经到了她的腰部时，他知道他必须采取行动了。A. care关心；B. place地方；C. action行动；D. charge费用。由上文“When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist, he knew he had to take”可知，在听到母亲说家里的水已经到了她的腰部时，Johnny意识到自己必须采取去救自己的母亲，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，Johnny确保他的孩子得到照顾。A. proved证明；B. ensured确保；C. noticed注意；D. admitted承认。由下文“He gave them food”和文章提到他听到母亲说他家里的水已经到腰部可知，Johnny要去帮助母亲，所以他给了孩子们食物，以确保孩子们能够被照顾好，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给他们食物，打开阁楼，这样如果水位继续上升的时候，他们就可以从屋顶逃走。A. expand扩大；B. assist帮助；C. escape逃脱；D. dominate统治。由下文“if water continued to rise.”可知，如果水位上升，孩子们可以通过阁楼走到屋顶，然后逃出去，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他跳出窗户开始游泳。A. run跑步；B. ride骑行；C. drive开车；D. swim游泳。由下文“It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.”和文章介绍暴风雨很大可知，Johnny是泳到母亲家的，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹过Karen头之前，他只有很短的时间到达那里。A. short短的；B. efficient有效率的；C. ideal理想的；D. indefinite无限期的。由下文“before the water rose above Karen’s”和上文提到Karen坐在轮椅上，且暴风雨很大可知，水很快就会淹没Karen，所以说他只有很短的时间游到母亲家里，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹过Karen的头之前，他只有很短的时间到达那里。A. waist腰部；B. ankles脚踝；C. head头；D. knees膝盖。由上文“before the water rose above Karen’s”可知，暴风雨很大，所以水很快就会没过Karen的头，将她淹没，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Karen大喊大叫的声音对他来说简直是音乐一样动听！A. harm伤害；B. music音乐；C. advice建议；D. news新闻。由下文“She was still alive!”可知，听到母亲的声音，他很高兴，知道母亲还活着，所以此处将母亲的声音比作音乐，突出他很高兴，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们失去了所有的东西，但是Johnny家里的每个人现在都安全了。A. responsible负责任的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. innocent无罪的；D. safe安全的。由下文“just to be here”可知。家里的每个人都安全了，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们很感激都在这里。A. grateful感激的；B. sure肯定的；C. concerned相连的。D. surprised惊讶的。有上文“Everyone in Johnny’s family is now 11 ”和下文“we are blessed”可知，他们都在暴风雨中幸存下来，所以他们是感激的，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有失去希望。A. memory记忆；B. hope希望；C. sight视野；D. weight体重。由下文“we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power”可知，Johnny认为他们只是需要重新开启生活，这说明他没有失去希望，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活就像一台电脑，有两个按钮: 一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮。我们很幸运，被击中的只是一个复位按钮，而不是电源按钮。A. screens屏幕；B. keyboards键盘；C. buttons按钮；D. monitors显示屏。由下文“a reset button, not the power”可知，Johnny将生活比作电脑，有两个按钮——一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活就像一台电脑，有两个按钮: 一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮。我们很幸运，被击中的只是一个复位按钮，而不是电源按钮。A. prepared准备；B. separated分离；C. injured受伤；D. hit击中。由上文“we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power, that got”可知，Johnny将生活比作电脑，有两个按钮——一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮，他认为他们被击中的只是一个复位按钮，即Johnny认为这场暴风雨虽然让他们失去了一些物质上的东西，但是他们一家人都安全活下来，他们可以重新开始。故选D。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new adaptation of Chinese mythological stories has won the heart of audiences with its distinctive style. The animation series, Yao—Chinese Folktales, ____36____ (gain) more than 110 million views online since it was released.
The series, co-produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio and Bilibili, is ____37____ collection of 20-minute short films, consisting of eight separate stories ____38____ (feature) monster-like characters, or yao in Chinese. The collection, ____39____ ranges from ancient stories to science fiction, from emotional connection with hometowns to romantic love ____40____ from life themes to questions for humanity, presents Chinese culture and philosophy. For example, the first episode, named “Nobody”, tells a pig monster’s story ____41____ (base) on the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West. The creative team put the perspective on the little monsters who used to have blurry faces and didn’t even have names in the story.
Li Zao, general producer, said it was impossible ____42____ (predict) what the eventual outcome would be at first. Now, the ____43____ (favor) comments exceeded the expectations of the creative team. These contained both the audience’s ____44____ (recognize) of the work and their hopes of Chinese animation. Besides adapting ____45____ the taste of the masses, the team also wanted to guide them to appreciate different types of work.
【答案】36. has gained 37. a
38. featuring
39. which 40. and
41. based 42. to predict
43. favorable
44. recognition 45. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国神话故事《中国奇谭》的新改编以其独特的风格赢得了观众的喜爱。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：这部名为《中国奇谭》的动画系列自上映以来，在网上获得了超过1.1亿的观看量。根据本句时间状语从句“since it was released”可知，主句应为现在完成时，照应主语“The animation series”，应为单数。故填has gained。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该系列由上海动画电影制片厂和哔哩哔哩联合制作，是一部20分钟的短片合集，由8个独立的故事组成，主角都是像怪物一样的角色，用汉语说就是“妖”。分析句子成分可知，空处应为不定冠词表示泛指，且空后“collection”为辅音音素开头，故应为a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该系列由上海动画电影制片厂和哔哩哔哩联合制作，是一部20分钟的短片合集，由8个独立的故事组成，主角都是像怪物一样的角色，用汉语说就是“妖”。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且照应所修饰的名词“stories”，为主谓关系，故用doing形式作后置定语。故填featuring。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：从古代故事到科幻小说，从与家乡的情感联系到浪漫的爱情，从生活主题到对人性的质疑，这些都展示了中国文化和哲学。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非限制性定语从句的连接代词，指代先行词“The collection”，为物，且在从句中充当主语，故应为which。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：从古代故事到科幻小说，从与家乡的情感联系到浪漫的爱情，从生活主题到对人性的质疑，这些都展示了中国文化和哲学。分析句子成分可知，空处应为并列连词连接三个并列的成分。故填and。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，第一集名为“Nobody”，讲述了一个根据中国经典小说《西游记》改编的猪怪的故事。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且照应所修饰的名词“a story”，为动宾关系，故用done形式作后置定语。故填based。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：总制片人李造表示，最初不可能预测最终结果会是什么。分析句子成分可知，“it”为形式主语，故空处应为不定式作真正的主语。故填to predict。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在，好评超出了创意团队的预期。空处应为形容词修饰名词“comments”。故填favorable。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：其中既有观众对作品的认可，也有观众对中国动画的期许。照应空前的所有格“the audience’s”，故空处应为名词。故填recognition。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了适应大众的口味，团队还想引导他们欣赏不同类型的作品。固定搭配adapt to...“适应……”。故填to。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英语俱乐部正在举办主题为“A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season”的英文征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 毕业季暑期的意义；
2. 你的打算；
3. 对同学的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Hello, everyone. Soon we will graduate from high school. Next we will have a very long summer holiday. And we have no homework and no exams this summer holiday. This means that we can do things that we couldn’t do or didn’t have time to do before because of the heavy pressure of high school. Read a book you’ve always wanted to read, learn to drive or take a trip.
I plan to find a part-time job in summer vacation, and I will learn how to drive. After that, I will go hiking with a month’s salary.
Let’s do it! After high school graduation, it means that we are adults, we should make good use of this summer vacation to explore the new world.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生以主题为“A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season”写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
毕业：graduate from high school→leave high school
假期：holiday→vacation
繁重的：heavy→rough
找到：find→gain
2. 句式拓展
同义句
原句：I plan to find a part-time job in summer vacation, and I will learn how to drive.
拓展句：I plan to find a part-time job during the summer, learning how to drive.
【点睛】[高分句型1]This means that we can do things that we couldn’t do or didn’t have time to do before because of the heavy pressure of high school.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Read a book you’ve always wanted to read, learn to drive or take a trip.(省略that的定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Maeli. I am so lucky because I have Lizzy Jo. She is my cousin and my friend!
Yesterday our teacher brought out a big box just before the last bell rang. “I have a little gift for each of you,” she said. Then she gave each of us a perfect popcorn ball. Each popcorn ball was in a transparent bag that was tied with a ribbon (丝带). Just that little ribbon made the gift look so fancy! Sometimes, it’s the tiny details that make things special.
I happen to have a great appreciation for popcorn balls, so I was pleased. Lizzy Jo and I rode the bus home. The moment I was off the bus. I untied the ribbon and placed it into my pocket. Then I took the popcorn ball out of the plastic bag. I didn’t even stop walking. Unfortunately, my feet were in a big hurry to get home, and sometimes when feet are in a hurry, they trip.
My feet tripped. I fell. And my perfect popcorn ball dropped right into a yucky, murky puddle (水坑). I was okay, but my popcorn ball wasn’t. Have you ever seen a perfect popcorn ball in a yucky, murky puddle? It isn’t something that you want to take a photo of and frame and keep forever.
I looked at my popcorn ball. That moment definitely was not the time to use the two-second rule, which I used at my grandma’s house last week. I accidentally dropped my cookie on her floor. I picked it up really fast, and I admitted that I ate that cookie. But this was a very different situation. This involved a puddle.
I wanted to cry. I knew that it’s silly to cry over a popcorn ball, but that popcorn ball was a gift! I was highly disappointed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lizzy turned to give me a hug
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that night, looking at the “new” ball, I had an idea.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Lizzy turned to give me a hug. She is never afraid to give a hug. Lizzy said to me, “It's okay Maeli. We can get another popcorn ball or even make one ourselves.” Her kindness made me feel much better. We walked the rest of the way home together. When I got home, I took a shower, changed my clothes, and sat on my bed. My heart was still heavy. “What a waste!” I thought to myself. I decided to make a popcorn ball myself. It wouldn't be as fancy as the teacher’s, but it would be something special that I created.
Later that night, looking at the “new” ball, I had an idea. I went to the kitchen and found the recipe printed on the back of the popcorn's package. I followed the instructions carefully. When it came time to shape the ball, I carefully packed the popcorn together. I even added some chocolate sprinkles on top. The next day, Lizzy Jo and I took my homemade popcorn ball to school to show our teacher. I was so proud and happy presenting it to her. And to my surprise, she was impressed! I felt accomplished, knowing that I had made something special on my own.
I learned that sometimes disappointments can lead to new opportunities. Making my own popcorn ball was a fun and rewarding experience, and it was all thanks to Lizzy Jo's kind words.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在得到老师赠送的爆米花球后，在回家的路上不小心把爆米花球掉入了水坑中，深感失落和绝望。然而，她的表亲Lizzy Jo并没有放弃她，通过关心、鼓励和支持她，帮助她渡过了这段艰难时期，使她重新振作起来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Lizzy转过身来拥抱我。”可知第一段可描写Lizzy安慰作者，一起回家，并打算重新做一个爆米花球。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚上晚些时候，看着“新”球，我有一个想法。”可知第二段可描写作者制作了新的爆米花球，并且得到了老师的夸奖。
2.续写线索：爆米花球掉水沟里——安慰——回家——制作——带去学校——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①步行：walk/stroll/stride/pace
②思考：thought/consider
③展示：show/display/demonstrate
情绪类
①自豪：proud/arrogant/conceited
②开心：happy/pleased/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When it came time to shape the ball, I carefully packed the popcorn together. I even added some chocolate sprinkles on top.(由when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. I learned that sometimes disappointments can lead to new opportunities. (运用了由that引导的宾语从句)
全市高三第二次模拟测试
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, B, C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Cash Composition Contest
In support of Financial Literacy Month (April), Michigan State University Extension and 4-H, a youth organization, are coordinating (协调) the Cash Composition Contest. Youths residing in Michigan are encouraged to answer this year’s essay question with an essay of 300 words or less. The 5 top-scoring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks to the generous sponsorship by Extra Credit Union.
Timeline
April 30, 2023: Essay submission due by 11:59 pm
May 31, 2023: Winners notified
Cash Composition Topic
What is the difference between a need and a want? Discuss how you determine if something is a need or a want. How can you make sure you have enough money to get your needs and still enjoy some of your wants? Share how needs and wants might change throughout one’s life.
Grading Standards
● Quality of Writing
● Organization and Information
● Grammar
Guidelines
Participants must:
● Between 9—12 years of age as of January 1, 2023 living in the state of Michigan.
● Have knowledge of money management such as saving, spending, borrowing, and planning appropriate for age and grade level.
Requirements
● Youths must have parental or guardian permission to apply and participate.
● The application form must be completed by a parent/guardian.
● Youths must write an essay (300 words or less)on the assigned topic above.
● Essays must be submitted on the contest registration page.
● The essay must be the work of the student submitting it. It is highly recommended that youths write their essay prior to completing the registration/submission form.
1. Who will sponsor the contest prizes?
A. Michigan State University. B. Extra Credit Union.
C. A local youth organization. D. The state of Michigan.
2. What will be focused on in the entry?
A. The changes throughout one’s life.
B. The ways to improve quality of writing.
C. The need for charity management.
D. The discussions on needs and wants.
3. Which will result in disqualification for an applicant?
A. Submitting the essay on April 29. B. Writing an essay of 300 words.
C. Filling the application form in person. D. Finishing the essay before registration.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了写作比赛的相关事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段末句“The 5 top-scoring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks to the generous sponsorship by Extra Credit Union. (由于Extra Credit Union的慷慨赞助，得分最高的5篇文章将每人赢得100美元的礼品卡。)”可知，本次比赛的奖品将由Extra Credit Union赞助。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段末句“Share how needs and wants might change throughout one’s life. (分享在一个人的一生中需求和欲望是如何变化的。)”可知，关于需求和欲望的讨论将是参赛作品的重点。故选D。
3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“The application form must be completed by a parent/guardian. (申请表格必须由家长/监护人填写。)”可知，申请人如亲自填写申请表格，将被取消资格。故选C。
B
At a hotel, surrounded by teammates, he got the email. “Dear Spencer Heslop.” it read, “you have been invited to participate in the Selection Camp for the US Men’s National Team for 2022.”
The recent graduate from University of Michigan School of Public Health, dreamed of the opportunity to play for the United States since he was seven years old. After he developed a disease that often results in damage to the spinal cord (脊髓) and nerves, Heslop’s parents pushed him to try wheelchair basketball.
By high school, Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite. While he was never the biggest or strongest player, Heslop had a feel for the game and a desire to take it further. Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.
“As I applied to graduate school, I knew I would play wherever I was planning to go,” Heslop said. “University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice.” University of Michigan Adaptive Sports and Fitness was formed in 2018 to address the inequitable access to physical activity opportunities, competitive and recreational, for students with disabilities at University of Michigan.
Since Heslop joined the program in 2020, University of Michigan’s wheelchair basketball team became part of the NWBA’s Division Ⅱ. After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation to athletes and made the final twelve-man roster. This gave the recently graduated young man a better shot at his ultimate goal: playing for his country in the Paralympic Games.
4. What helped Heslop develop his passion for adaptive sports?
A. The unexpected disease at seven.
B. The email he received at a hotel.
C. The University of Michigan he dreamed of.
D. The experience in a wheelchair basketball team.
5. Why did Heslop choose University of Michigan?
A. He accepted a large sum of scholarship.
B. He could join his favorite sports program.
C. He was promised a chance to play for the country.
D. He was invited to set up Adaptive Sports and Fitness.
6. What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A. Heslop’s achievements. B. Heslop’s ultimate goal.
C. Heslop’s superior leadership. D. Heslop’s bright future.
7. Which can best describe Heslop?
A. Generous. B. Reliable. C. Creative. D. Determined.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述Spencer Heslop患上一种经常导致脊髓和神经损伤的疾病后打轮椅篮球，在2022年4月带领球队在NWBA全国比赛中获得第八名后，他参加了美国男子国家队选拔营，在那里他与30名全国运动员进行了竞争，并进入了最后的12人名单。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“By high school, Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite.(高中时，Heslop在一个竞技篮球队打轮椅篮球。这次经历让他看到了适应性运动的世界，这成为了他的最爱。)”可知，让Heslop对适应性运动产生了热情的是在轮椅篮球队的经历。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice.(密歇根大学在我的学术名单上名列前茅。我还听说他们正在努力开展适应性体育项目，这帮助我做出了选择。)”可知，Heslop选择密歇根大学是因为他可以参加他最喜欢的体育项目。故选B。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation to athletes and made the final twelve-man roster.(在2022年4月带领球队在NWBA全国比赛中获得第八名后，Heslop参加了美国男子国家队选拔营，在那里他与30名全国运动员进行了竞争，并进入了最后的12人名单。)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了Heslop所取得的成就。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.(面对许多挑战，他孜孜不倦地学习椅子技巧和调节，使他更具爆发力。)”可知，Heslop是有决心的，故选D。
C
When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
8. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom.
C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images.
9. What did the researcher do in the experiment?
A. She trained bumblebees to play balls.
B. She put small balls along the pathway.
C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest.
D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls.
10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5?
A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color
B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys
C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature
D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，这使它们成为已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too — that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(当你感到无聊时，你可能会开始玩球或其他物体。这种行为在人群中很常见。其他动物也喜欢它——这就是为什么狗会捡到一根棍子，或者猫会向玩具发起攻击。玩耍是消磨时间的一种令人愉快的方式。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，作者介绍了人类和一些动物是相似的，都会通过玩耍来消磨时间，以此来引起文章主题——大黄蜂也这样做。由此推知，作者通过介绍相似现象来引起文章主题。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled.(一条小路从大黄蜂的巢穴通往一个进食区。一边是滚动的小木球)”可知，在实验中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones.(和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的)”和划线词所在句子“Their play tapered off as they got older.(随着年龄的增长，它们的玩耍逐渐tapered off)”可知，和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的，这说明那些岁数大的黄蜂玩得较少。由此推知，随着年龄的增长，大黄蜂的玩得次数减少。由此推知，划线短语“tapered off”意为“减少”，与C项“Decreased.(减少)”意思一样。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，文章主要讲了实验表明，大黄蜂是已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。由此可知，D项“大黄蜂是已知的玩耍的第一种昆虫”适合做文章标题。故选D。
D
The UN this week launched a report urging companies to stop issuing false net-zero targets that amount to greenwashing.
Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model. Often, these industries spend more money making themselves appear sustainable than they do taking actual sustainable measures into their company.
Cities, financial institutions, and scores of companies have announced plans to reduce their emissions to zero, which, in principle, should help the fight against climate change.
“The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report.
Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere. Studies show that most of these net-zero plans will do little to stop temperatures from rising. For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong.
To close these net-zero loopholes, the UN this week released a report that includes 10 recommendations to ensure that companies, cities, regions, and other non-state actors issue credible and accountable net zero commitments. “Their plans cannot rely on cheap carbon credits instead of immediately cutting their own emissions,” Guterres said.
Financial institutions need to cut down emissions from all their investments and businesses need to bring down the carbon footprint of their supply chain, the report said. The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details.
12. What does “greenwashing” refer to?
A. A green technology. B. A misleading statement.
C. A business model. D. A spending target.
13. Why does the author mention the oil majors?
A. To prove oil majors are really responsible.
B. To set some good examples for other companies.
C. To show some net- zero commitments make no sense.
D. To indicate the benefit of net zero plans to climate change.
14. How does Guterres feel about the issued net-zero plans?
A. Dissatisfied. B. Guilty. C. Shocked. D. Confused.
15. What is advised to do to fix net-zero loopholes?
A. Plant more trees. B. Share more supply chains.
C. Depend on cheap carbon credits. D. Make concrete actionable targets.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国本周发布了一份报告，敦促企业停止发布相当于“洗绿”的虚假净零目标。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model.(“绿色清洗”是一个术语，用来描述这样一种情况：企业声称自己是环保型或可持续型的营销计划，而不是其商业模式的核心原则，从而误导消费者)”可推知，“洗绿”指的是一种误导性的说法。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere(许多净零排放计划包含遥远或不明确的目标，往往要求使用未经证实的技术，如碳捕获和植树，这实际上允许企业继续污染大气)”可知，一些净零承诺包含遥远或不明确的目标，往往要求使用未经证实的技术，这会允许企业继续污染大气。由此推知，一些净零承诺是没有意义的。接着文章列举石油巨头的例子“For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong.(例如，许多石油巨头宣布了到2050年将其业务排放量减至零的计划，这些计划没有考虑到它们销售的化石燃料所排放的碳，这将使它们能够增加产量。化石燃料产量非但没有下降，反而增长强劲)”来说明一些净零承诺是没有意义的。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中““The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report.(“问题在于，这些净零排放承诺的标准有不同程度的精确性和漏洞，”联合国秘书长Antonio Guterres在报告发布时说)”可推知，Guterres对净零计划是不满意的。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details.(该报告的主要作者Catherine McKenna敦促企业在一年内公布新的净零排放目标。更新后的目标必须包含具体的可操作细节)”可知，建议制定具体可行的目标来弥补净零漏洞，故选D。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with. ____16____ Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person.
Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care. ____17____ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you. This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment. With no kind and loving words, your actions have already said a lot.
____18____ Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment.
Use the right tone of voice. ____19____ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener. To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person, you would need to say it with the right tone of voice.
Listen patiently. People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反馈) that they wanted. Don’t be that person. After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time. ____20____
A. Say kind loving words.
B. Make use of polite expressions.
C. Then choose to appreciate others too.
D. Remember that words do not stand alone.
E. It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help.
F. This knowledge is gained through research and practice.
G. When you do this to someone, they can feel your warmth.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何照顾一个伤心的人。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with.(学习如何关心一个伤心人会帮助你在你爱的人和朋友倒下的时候陪在他们身边。然而，知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的)”可知，上文提到“知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的”，说明需要通过研究和实践获得，F选项This knowledge对应上文knowing how to care for a sad person。故F选项“这些知识是通过研究和实践获得的”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care.(给一个拥抱。拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心)”以及后文“This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.(这会让他们感到放松，对你敞开心扉)”可知，拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心，所以当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖。故G选项“当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖”承接上文，指出拥抱某人的好处，符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment.(现在，继续说几句好话吧。像“我在这里”、“我们在一起”、“你会挺过来的”、“依靠我”之类的话，可以帮助悲伤的人感觉好一点，让他们知道你会陪着他/她度过悲伤的时刻)”可知，本段主要关于对别人说一些暖心的话语，故A选项“说些亲切的爱的话”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Use the right tone of voice.(使用正确的语气)”以及后文“They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.(它们配合语气向听者传达意思)”可知，后文提到言语配合语气向听者传达意思，说明不是孤立的，D选项words对应后文they。故D选项“记住，言语不是孤立的”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.(问完问题后，耐心地听，知道那个悲伤的人当时会感激什么)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明倾听的作用：帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助，故E选项“它将帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding, winds and a record high storm.
Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to ____21____ because she is missing a leg. Her son Johnny tried ____22____ to get her to leave, but she refused again and again — she ____23____ the intensity of the storm.
Johnny lives four blocks away. When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist, he knew he had to take ____24____.
First, Johnny ____25____ his kids were taken care of. He gave them food and opened the attic (阁楼) so that they could ____26____ through the roof if water continued to rise. Then, he jumped out of a window and began to ____27____.
Johnny was racing against the clock. He knew he only had a(n) ____28____ period of time to get there before the water rose above Karen’s ____29____. It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks. The sound of Karen yelling was _____30_____ to his ears! She was still alive!
Everyone in Johnny’s family is now _____31_____ although they’ve lost everything they owned. But they’re _____32_____ just to be here.
“I didn’t lose _____33_____. Life is like a computer, there’re two _____34_____: a reset and a power — and we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power, that got _____35_____,” he said.
21. A. get around B. help out C. sit up D. work out
22. A. simply B. repeatedly C. obviously D. particularly
23. A. calculated B. identified C. experienced D. underestimated
24. A. care B. place C. action D. charge
25. A. proved B. ensured C. noticed D. admitted
26. A. expand B. assist C. escape D. dominate
27. A. run B. ride C. drive D. swim
28. A. short B. efficient C. ideal D. indefinite
29. A. waist B. ankles C. head D. knees
30. A. harm B. music C. advice D. news
31. A. responsible B. remarkable C. innocent D. safe
32. A. grateful B. sure C. concerned D. surprised
33. A. memory B. hope C. sight D. weight
34. A. screens B. keyboards C. buttons D. monitors
35. A. prepared B. separated C. injured D. hit
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了强烈的暴风雨发生时，Johnny游了四个街区，去救自己因缺少一条腿而坐轮椅的母亲。虽然这场暴风雨让他们失去了家里所有的东西，但幸运的是，一家人都安全地活下来，这是很重要的。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Karen今年84岁，因缺了一条腿，她需要依靠轮椅行走。A. get around到处走走；B. help out帮忙……摆脱困难；C. sit up端坐；D. work out解决出。由下文“because she is missing a leg.”可知，Karen缺了一条腿，所以她需要依靠轮椅到处行走，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Johnny再三试图让她离开家里，但她一次又一次地拒绝——她低估了暴风雨的强度。A. simply简单地；B. repeatedly重复地；再三地；C. obviously显然地；D. particularly尤其；特别。由下文“but she refused again and again”可知，她儿子让她离开家里，但是她一遍又一遍拒绝儿子的要求，由此可知，她的儿子再三试图让她离开，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Johnny再三试图让她离开，但她一次又一次地拒绝——她低估了暴风雨的强度。A. calculated计算；B. identified辨认；C. experienced经历；D. underestimated低估。由第一段“Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding, winds and a record high storm.(飓风伊恩袭击了佛罗里达州，带来了洪水、狂风和创纪录的暴风雨。)”和下文“When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist(当Karen说她家的水已经到了她的腰部时)”和上文提到儿子让她离开可知，暴风雨强度很大，儿子劝她离开家里，但是她拒绝儿子的要求，由此可知，她低估了暴风雨的强度，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Karen说她家的水已经到了她的腰部时，他知道他必须采取行动了。A. care关心；B. place地方；C. action行动；D. charge费用。由上文“When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist, he knew he had to take”可知，在听到母亲说家里的水已经到了她的腰部时，Johnny意识到自己必须采取去救自己的母亲，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，Johnny确保他的孩子得到照顾。A. proved证明；B. ensured确保；C. noticed注意；D. admitted承认。由下文“He gave them food”和文章提到他听到母亲说他家里的水已经到腰部可知，Johnny要去帮助母亲，所以他给了孩子们食物，以确保孩子们能够被照顾好，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给他们食物，打开阁楼，这样如果水位继续上升的时候，他们就可以从屋顶逃走。A. expand扩大；B. assist帮助；C. escape逃脱；D. dominate统治。由下文“if water continued to rise.”可知，如果水位上升，孩子们可以通过阁楼走到屋顶，然后逃出去，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他跳出窗户开始游泳。A. run跑步；B. ride骑行；C. drive开车；D. swim游泳。由下文“It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.”和文章介绍暴风雨很大可知，Johnny是泳到母亲家的，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹过Karen头之前，他只有很短的时间到达那里。A. short短的；B. efficient有效率的；C. ideal理想的；D. indefinite无限期的。由下文“before the water rose above Karen’s”和上文提到Karen坐在轮椅上，且暴风雨很大可知，水很快就会淹没Karen，所以说他只有很短的时间游到母亲家里，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹过Karen的头之前，他只有很短的时间到达那里。A. waist腰部；B. ankles脚踝；C. head头；D. knees膝盖。由上文“before the water rose above Karen’s”可知，暴风雨很大，所以水很快就会没过Karen的头，将她淹没，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Karen大喊大叫的声音对他来说简直是音乐一样动听！A. harm伤害；B. music音乐；C. advice建议；D. news新闻。由下文“She was still alive!”可知，听到母亲的声音，他很高兴，知道母亲还活着，所以此处将母亲的声音比作音乐，突出他很高兴，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们失去了所有的东西，但是Johnny家里的每个人现在都安全了。A. responsible负责任的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. innocent无罪的；D. safe安全的。由下文“just to be here”可知。家里的每个人都安全了，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们很感激都在这里。A. grateful感激的；B. sure肯定的；C. concerned相连的。D. surprised惊讶的。有上文“Everyone in Johnny’s family is now 11 ”和下文“we are blessed”可知，他们都在暴风雨中幸存下来，所以他们是感激的，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有失去希望。A. memory记忆；B. hope希望；C. sight视野；D. weight体重。由下文“we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power”可知，Johnny认为他们只是需要重新开启生活，这说明他没有失去希望，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活就像一台电脑，有两个按钮: 一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮。我们很幸运，被击中的只是一个复位按钮，而不是电源按钮。A. screens屏幕；B. keyboards键盘；C. buttons按钮；D. monitors显示屏。由下文“a reset button, not the power”可知，Johnny将生活比作电脑，有两个按钮——一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活就像一台电脑，有两个按钮: 一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮。我们很幸运，被击中的只是一个复位按钮，而不是电源按钮。A. prepared准备；B. separated分离；C. injured受伤；D. hit击中。由上文“we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power, that got”可知，Johnny将生活比作电脑，有两个按钮——一个是复位按钮，一个是电源按钮，他认为他们被击中的只是一个复位按钮，即Johnny认为这场暴风雨虽然让他们失去了一些物质上的东西，但是他们一家人都安全活下来，他们可以重新开始。故选D。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new adaptation of Chinese mythological stories has won the heart of audiences with its distinctive style. The animation series, Yao—Chinese Folktales, ____36____ (gain) more than 110 million views online since it was released.
The series, co-produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio and Bilibili, is ____37____ collection of 20-minute short films, consisting of eight separate stories ____38____ (feature) monster-like characters, or yao in Chinese. The collection, ____39____ ranges from ancient stories to science fiction, from emotional connection with hometowns to romantic love ____40____ from life themes to questions for humanity, presents Chinese culture and philosophy. For example, the first episode, named “Nobody”, tells a pig monster’s story ____41____ (base) on the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West. The creative team put the perspective on the little monsters who used to have blurry faces and didn’t even have names in the story.
Li Zao, general producer, said it was impossible ____42____ (predict) what the eventual outcome would be at first. Now, the ____43____ (favor) comments exceeded the expectations of the creative team. These contained both the audience’s ____44____ (recognize) of the work and their hopes of Chinese animation. Besides adapting ____45____ the taste of the masses, the team also wanted to guide them to appreciate different types of work.
【答案】36. has gained 37. a
38. featuring
39. which 40. and
41. based 42. to predict
43. favorable
44. recognition 45. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国神话故事《中国奇谭》的新改编以其独特的风格赢得了观众的喜爱。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：这部名为《中国奇谭》的动画系列自上映以来，在网上获得了超过1.1亿的观看量。根据本句时间状语从句“since it was released”可知，主句应为现在完成时，照应主语“The animation series”，应为单数。故填has gained。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该系列由上海动画电影制片厂和哔哩哔哩联合制作，是一部20分钟的短片合集，由8个独立的故事组成，主角都是像怪物一样的角色，用汉语说就是“妖”。分析句子成分可知，空处应为不定冠词表示泛指，且空后“collection”为辅音音素开头，故应为a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该系列由上海动画电影制片厂和哔哩哔哩联合制作，是一部20分钟的短片合集，由8个独立的故事组成，主角都是像怪物一样的角色，用汉语说就是“妖”。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且照应所修饰的名词“stories”，为主谓关系，故用doing形式作后置定语。故填featuring。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：从古代故事到科幻小说，从与家乡的情感联系到浪漫的爱情，从生活主题到对人性的质疑，这些都展示了中国文化和哲学。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非限制性定语从句的连接代词，指代先行词“The collection”，为物，且在从句中充当主语，故应为which。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：从古代故事到科幻小说，从与家乡的情感联系到浪漫的爱情，从生活主题到对人性的质疑，这些都展示了中国文化和哲学。分析句子成分可知，空处应为并列连词连接三个并列的成分。故填and。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，第一集名为“Nobody”，讲述了一个根据中国经典小说《西游记》改编的猪怪的故事。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且照应所修饰的名词“a story”，为动宾关系，故用done形式作后置定语。故填based。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：总制片人李造表示，最初不可能预测最终结果会是什么。分析句子成分可知，“it”为形式主语，故空处应为不定式作真正的主语。故填to predict。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在，好评超出了创意团队的预期。空处应为形容词修饰名词“comments”。故填favorable。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：其中既有观众对作品的认可，也有观众对中国动画的期许。照应空前的所有格“the audience’s”，故空处应为名词。故填recognition。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了适应大众的口味，团队还想引导他们欣赏不同类型的作品。固定搭配adapt to...“适应……”。故填to。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英语俱乐部正在举办主题为“A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season”的英文征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 毕业季暑期的意义；
2. 你的打算；
3. 对同学的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Hello, everyone. Soon we will graduate from high school. Next we will have a very long summer holiday. And we have no homework and no exams this summer holiday. This means that we can do things that we couldn’t do or didn’t have time to do before because of the heavy pressure of high school. Read a book you’ve always wanted to read, learn to drive or take a trip.
I plan to find a part-time job in summer vacation, and I will learn how to drive. After that, I will go hiking with a month’s salary.
Let’s do it! After high school graduation, it means that we are adults, we should make good use of this summer vacation to explore the new world.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生以主题为“A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season”写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
毕业：graduate from high school→leave high school
假期：holiday→vacation
繁重的：heavy→rough
找到：find→gain
2. 句式拓展
同义句
原句：I plan to find a part-time job in summer vacation, and I will learn how to drive.
拓展句：I plan to find a part-time job during the summer, learning how to drive.
【点睛】[高分句型1]This means that we can do things that we couldn’t do or didn’t have time to do before because of the heavy pressure of high school.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Read a book you’ve always wanted to read, learn to drive or take a trip.(省略that的定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Maeli. I am so lucky because I have Lizzy Jo. She is my cousin and my friend!
Yesterday our teacher brought out a big box just before the last bell rang. “I have a little gift for each of you,” she said. Then she gave each of us a perfect popcorn ball. Each popcorn ball was in a transparent bag that was tied with a ribbon (丝带). Just that little ribbon made the gift look so fancy! Sometimes, it’s the tiny details that make things special.
I happen to have a great appreciation for popcorn balls, so I was pleased. Lizzy Jo and I rode the bus home. The moment I was off the bus. I untied the ribbon and placed it into my pocket. Then I took the popcorn ball out of the plastic bag. I didn’t even stop walking. Unfortunately, my feet were in a big hurry to get home, and sometimes when feet are in a hurry, they trip.
My feet tripped. I fell. And my perfect popcorn ball dropped right into a yucky, murky puddle (水坑). I was okay, but my popcorn ball wasn’t. Have you ever seen a perfect popcorn ball in a yucky, murky puddle? It isn’t something that you want to take a photo of and frame and keep forever.
I looked at my popcorn ball. That moment definitely was not the time to use the two-second rule, which I used at my grandma’s house last week. I accidentally dropped my cookie on her floor. I picked it up really fast, and I admitted that I ate that cookie. But this was a very different situation. This involved a puddle.
I wanted to cry. I knew that it’s silly to cry over a popcorn ball, but that popcorn ball was a gift! I was highly disappointed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lizzy turned to give me a hug
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that night, looking at the “new” ball, I had an idea.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Lizzy turned to give me a hug. She is never afraid to give a hug. Lizzy said to me, “It's okay Maeli. We can get another popcorn ball or even make one ourselves.” Her kindness made me feel much better. We walked the rest of the way home together. When I got home, I took a shower, changed my clothes, and sat on my bed. My heart was still heavy. “What a waste!” I thought to myself. I decided to make a popcorn ball myself. It wouldn't be as fancy as the teacher’s, but it would be something special that I created.
Later that night, looking at the “new” ball, I had an idea. I went to the kitchen and found the recipe printed on the back of the popcorn's package. I followed the instructions carefully. When it came time to shape the ball, I carefully packed the popcorn together. I even added some chocolate sprinkles on top. The next day, Lizzy Jo and I took my homemade popcorn ball to school to show our teacher. I was so proud and happy presenting it to her. And to my surprise, she was impressed! I felt accomplished, knowing that I had made something special on my own.
I learned that sometimes disappointments can lead to new opportunities. Making my own popcorn ball was a fun and rewarding experience, and it was all thanks to Lizzy Jo's kind words.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在得到老师赠送的爆米花球后，在回家的路上不小心把爆米花球掉入了水坑中，深感失落和绝望。然而，她的表亲Lizzy Jo并没有放弃她，通过关心、鼓励和支持她，帮助她渡过了这段艰难时期，使她重新振作起来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Lizzy转过身来拥抱我。”可知第一段可描写Lizzy安慰作者，一起回家，并打算重新做一个爆米花球。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚上晚些时候，看着“新”球，我有一个想法。”可知第二段可描写作者制作了新的爆米花球，并且得到了老师的夸奖。
2.续写线索：爆米花球掉水沟里——安慰——回家——制作——带去学校——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①步行：walk/stroll/stride/pace
②思考：thought/consider
③展示：show/display/demonstrate
情绪类
①自豪：proud/arrogant/conceited
②开心：happy/pleased/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When it came time to shape the ball, I carefully packed the popcorn together. I even added some chocolate sprinkles on top.(由when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. I learned that sometimes disappointments can lead to new opportunities. (运用了由that引导的宾语从句)
相关试卷
山东省潍坊市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份山东省潍坊市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析），共21页。
山东省烟台市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份山东省烟台市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，只交答题卡等内容，欢迎下载使用。
山东省日照市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份山东省日照市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了04等内容，欢迎下载使用。
