高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练二十七 含解析

这是一份高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练二十七 含解析，共12页。
课下天天练(二十七)　阅读语言运用组合练姓名________　班级________　考号________　时间：40分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2022·贵阳四校高三联考二]NASA astronaut Bruce McCandless Ⅱ has died. You may not know his name, but you've probably seen him in one of the most famous pictures ever taken in space. In 1984, McCandless carried a jet­powered backpack and flew away from the shuttle, by himself, untethered (不被绳索捆束的), with the Earth as a background. It was the first time that an astronaut had ever floated freely in space, and McCandless helped develop the technology.Bruce McCandless had been an astronaut for a long time before he first flew in space aboard the shuttle. He was one of the ones who communicated with the crew of Apollo 11. While he was waiting his turn to fly in space, he helped design what became to be known as the Manned Maneuvering Unit — a backpack propulsion device that gave astronauts mobility for extravehicular (舱外的) activities outside the shuttle. McCandless first went to space in 1984 aboard the shuttle Challenger and took these jet­powered backpacks along. During the mission, McCandless climbed into the 300­pound contraption (奇特的装置) and slowly eased out of the shuttle's cargo bay as controllers looked on. It was frightening seeing McCandless out in space by himself. Relative to the Earth, he was flying at almost 18，000 miles per hour. But relative to the shuttle, he was moving at one foot per second. He said he wasn't nervous. He found it easy. He had trained for that moment for years, ready for anything. By the end of that spacewalk, he had moved little more than 300 feet away from the shuttle when the famous picture was taken. McCandless said he was most proud that children came up to him later in life to say they'd seen the picture. He hoped it would inspire the next generation of explorers. Bruce McCandless showed the way. He finished second in his class of 899 at the U．S. Naval Academy and used his engineering skills to make spaceflight safer. He once said the first untethered spacewalk was a mix of personal excitement and professional pride.1．What can we learn about McCandless?A．He was the first man to fly out of the spacecraft.B．His spacewalk was not attached to the shuttle.C．His name was familiar to the public.D.He was fond of taking photos.2．What did McCandless do before his space travel?A．He invented the shuttle Challenger.B．He helped design jet­powered backpacks.C．He worked as a crew member of Apollo 11.D．He trained astronauts at the U．S. Naval Academy.3．How did McCandless feel during his spacewalk?A．Calm.    B．Stressed.C.Fortunate.     D．Exhausted.4．What's McCandless most proud of?A.Being known by children.B.Being chosen as an astronaut.C．Having a good performance in school.D.Making a contribution to space technologies.B[2022·太原市二模]It's been nearly two decades since the traditional clothing style Hanfu first started to re­emerge in China. Since then it has gone from a small cultural movement celebrating an ancient fashion to a trend that is booming on social media, adopted by China's Generation Z as a means of connecting with their past. Instead of following other cultures blindly, people of Generation Z now have different opinions about what a trend is by promoting local culture while having an objective view of exotic cultural products.The new tastes of people of Generation Z—young people born after 1995—are well represented on Bilibili. The recent New Year's Eve Gala presented by Bilibili attracted more than 100 million views within 48 hours with a colorful set of programs ranging from Peking Opera to classical Chinese cartoons. The same is also true of the movie industry. Last year, for the first time, the top 10 most­watched films in China were all domestic films, while the ticket sales for imported films dropped to only 16.28 percent. “People of Generation Z grew up with the rapid development of China and under good economic conditions. With the development of the Chinese Internet industry, they have more access to diverse international information and culture, which bring them a much broader vision and make them more open and confident in analyzing foreign culture. Apart from taking pride in China's rapid development, this generation also pursues individuality and values devotion to the country，” Professor Zhang Yiwu said. He also noted that the popular rock and punk culture pursued by the 70s and 80s generations is more of a challenge against real life and local culture. Some people who were born in the 1970s and 1980s did not grow up in the Internet age—they experienced the transformation of China going from poor to rich first­hand. So to some extent they lack cultural confidence.However, people of Generation Z now have the confidence to look at Western culture with equal status. This kind of cultural confidence will result in China being more active and creative in its development on the international stage in the future.5．What does the underlined word “exotic” in Paragraph 1 mean?A．Foreign.    B．Fashionable.C.Traditional.    D．Dominant.6．Why is Bilibili mentioned in Paragraph 2?A.To confirm the rise of new media.B.To promote Chinese Internet industry.C.To compare it with the movie industry.D.To highlight the popularity of domestic art.7．What do we know about people of Generation Z from the text?A．They have a stronger cultural identity.B．They are longing for cultural diversity.C．They have made China develop rapidly.D．They have less sense of individuality.8．What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Confident China, Better FutureB.China's Progress Results in Cultural ConfidenceC.China's New Generation Redefine Local Culture as a TrendD.Hanfu Style, Connector of Ancient Fashion and the Modern TrendⅡ.七选五[2022·洛阳市第三次统一考试]Can you tell the difference between a glass of regular and diet soda? No, you can't. __1__. That's where the trouble starts. Until recently, everything we have eaten contains some amount of calories. So when we drink diet soda, the sweetness tricks our body into thinking it's real sugar but when those energy­packed calories don't arrive, the insulin in our brain has nothing to store.__2__. It's called metabolic syndrome, which is a mix of conditions that include increased blood pressure, high blood sugar and weight gain which can increase the risk of diabetes, heart disease and strokes.While drinking diet soda with the meal may sound like a tasty calorie­free alternative to plain water, this may be the worst time to drink it because the cheating calories in the diet soda could finally destroy the real calories we metabolize. __3__．Another problem could be the fact that artificial sweeteners in diet soda can be 10 to 100 times sweeter than sugar. __4__. It's like when you go to a party expecting loads of food and you end up with a handful of vegetables. You're left unsatisfied and hungry.In the same way, artificial sweeteners can leave our brains wanting more, which leads to increased appetite and potential weight gain. __5__， maybe just stick to water.A.As it turns out, neither can your bodyB.No, this was diet soda and it was awesomeC.When you go to a party expecting loads of foodD.Drinking diet soda is associated with a diseaseE.So if you're drinking diet soda to drop a few poundsF.And it potentially leaves extra calories behind which we then store as fatG.So when we taste it, our brains expect more calories than what we give it Ⅲ.完形填空[2022·贵阳市高三适应性考试二] Four students from a German high school choir wrote a letter to Peng Liyuan. “Singing __1__ songs was the  happiest part of the day when we studied at home，” they said. The letter, written in Chinese, was in reply to a letter from Peng on Feb. 9th to the students and teachers at Burg­Gymnasium, __2__them to contribute to promoting the __3__  of China and Germany.The students said they had __4__ Peng's letter many times and were very __5__.“We feel so proud after knowing that you even __6__our video，” they wrote in the letter, __7__ a video clip in which students __8__ a Chinese song.Simone Reuen, the principal of Burg­Gymnasium, said in her letter to Peng that she was __9__ happy that the school had received so much __10__．“Your letter is great praise, acknowledgement and __11__ to not only our school but also the __12__ of our school's Chinese choir，” Reuen wrote.Reuen said that she believed that their songs had played a __13__ but very important role in the __14__ and mutual (相互的) learning between people in Germany and China. She said she was __15__ of the students for __16__ the distances between the two peoples.The students and teachers at the school asked the Chinese __17__ in Germany to forward the __18__ letters to Peng, together with works of calligraphy and other __19__ made by the students.Burg­Gymnasium has been __20__ Chinese language courses since 1994. In March 2014, Peng visited the school and joined a Chinese class there during President Xi Jinping's state visit to Germany., 1．A.English    B．German   C.Chinese    D．American2．A.appointing    B．encouraging   C.requiring    D．promising3．A.friendship    B．education    C.tourism    D．economy4．A.received    B．imitated   C.explained    D．read5．A.anxious    B．curious   C.excited    D．tired6．A.watched    B．promoted   C.observed    D．studied7．A.engaging in    B．relying on   C.referring to    D．adding to8．A.wrote    B．sang   C.recited    D．translated9．A.extremely    B．approximately   C.gradually    D．constantly10．A.permission    B．admission   C.treatment    D．recognition11．A.donation    B．inspiration   C.award    D．possession12．A.labor    B．experiment   C.experience    D．work13．A.slight    B．heavy   C.great    D．critical14．A.entertainment    B．negotiations   C.exchanges    D．competition15．A.afraid    B．proud   C.fond    D．ashamed16．A.strengthening    B．deleting   C.widening    D．shortening17．A.embassy    B．club   C.association    D．community18．A.complaint    B．gratitude   C.invitation    D．application19．A.foods    B．remarks   C.reports    D．gifts20．A.evaluating    B．offering   C.controlling    D．expectingⅣ.语法填空[2022·沈阳市高三质量监测]The Yungang Grottoes (云冈石窟) in Datong, Shanxi Province, are a world cultural heritage(遗产) site with a history that 1.________ (go)  back more than 1，500 years.  In Yungang's 45 big grottoes and more than 200 small grottoes, there  are  about  59，000  figures  of  the  Buddha, which 2.________ (be) a priceless treasure of human culture.3．________ because of the effects of climate change and natural disasters,  the grottoes face damage year after year. Thanks to 4.________ (advance) digital technology, researchers are busy “duplicating” (复制) the Yungang Grottoes in an attempt to preserve the precious cultural relics (遗物). Employing 3D laser scanning technology, the researchers 5.________ (digital) record the shapes, colors and other fine details of the grottoes and later reproduce 6.________ by using 3D printing technology. The new technology could enable more people 7.________ (access) the cultural relics despite the distance. In June, 2020, the Zhejiang University Cultural Relics Research Institute and Yungang Grottoes  Research  Institute together  “copied  and pasted” Cave No. 12 of the Yungang Grottoes for an 8.________ (exhibit) in Hangzhou. These Yungang 9.________ (researcher) attempt is a good example of technology helping to preserve cultural heritage. It is hoped 10.________ the new digitalized technologies will facilitate the “rebirth” of the cultural relics, and bring them to more places worldwide.课下天天练（二十七）　阅读语言运用组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——人物故事——美国宇航员布鲁斯·麦克坎德雷斯二世【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了美国宇航员布鲁斯·麦克坎德雷斯二世使用MMU喷气式背包进行人类历史上第一次没有系绳子的太空行走任务的相关故事。1．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“In 1984, McCandless carried a jet­powered...by himself, untethered （不被绳索捆束的）， with the Earth as a background”可知，McCandless的太空行走是在没有系绳子的情况下进行的，故B项正确。2．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“While he was waiting his turn to fly in space, he helped design... a backpack propulsion device”可知，McCandless在进行太空旅行前帮忙设计了喷气式背包，故B项正确。3．答案与解析：A　考查推断的能力。根据第三段中的“He said he wasn't nervous. He found it easy. He had trained for that moment for years, ready for anything”可以推断出，McCandless在太空行走期间，心情十分平静，故A项正确。4．答案与解析：A　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第五段中的“McCandless said he was               most proud that children came up to him later in life to say they'd seen the picture”可知，McCandless最引以为豪的事情是被孩子们认识，故A项正确。B语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——文化内涵——中国本土文化认同感【语篇解读】　中国汉服文化的再次兴起已经有近20年的时间，也就是从那个时候起，中国传统文化逐渐在社交媒体中形成了潮流。中国的95后并没有盲目地追崇其他文化，而是将中国本土文化重新定义为潮流，显示出他们比上一代人更强烈的文化认同感。5．答案与解析：A　考查理解词汇的能力。根据第一段中的“Instead of following other cultures blindly, people of Generation Z now have different opinions about what a trend is by promoting local culture”可知，与盲目追随其他文化不同，Z世代在推广本土文化的同时对异国文化产物保持客观看法，由此可知，exotic cultural products是指外来文化产物，与句中的local culture含义相对，故选A。6．答案与解析：D　考查理解目的的能力。根据文章第二段中的“The recent New Year's Eve Gala presented by Bilibili attracted more than 100 million views within 48 hours with a colorful set of programs ranging from Peking Opera to classical Chinese cartoons”可知，作者提到哔哩哔哩，是为了突出中国传统艺术的受欢迎程度，故选D。7．答案与解析：A　考查理解具体信息的能力。由第三段中的“Apart from taking pride in China's rapid development, this generation also pursues individuality and values devotion to the country”可知，这一代人重视自己对于国家的贡献。同时结合文章最后一段中的“However, people of Generation Z now have the confidence to look at Western culture with equal status”可知应选A。8．答案与解析：C　考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据文章第一段中的“Since then it has gone from a small cultural movement...with their past”并结合文章尾段内容可推知，本文的中心是讲述中国新一代人重新定义中国本土文化，体现了中国强大的文化自信，故选C。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——健康的生活方式——无糖汽水危害身体健康【语篇解读】　文章主要说明了饮用无糖汽水可能导致疾病和体重增加等。1．答案与解析：A　考查上下文衔接。文章首句提出了关于一杯普通汽水和无糖汽水的区别的问题，并回答了你不能识别；空后则说这是麻烦的开始，故A选项“结果证明，你的身体也不能（识别）”符合语境，故选A。2．答案与解析：D　考查段落主旨句。空后讲述代谢综合征，包括血压升高、高血糖和体重增加，这些都会增加患糖尿病、心脏病和中风的风险。由此可推测，饮用无糖汽水可能导致疾病。故D选项“饮用无糖汽水可能导致疾病”符合语境，故选D。3．答案与解析：F　考查上下文衔接。空处上句提到无糖汽水中的“欺骗”卡路里最终可能会破坏我们代谢的真正卡路里，空处应承接上文继续说明这种“欺骗”卡路里对身体的负面影响。故F选项“且它可能会留下额外的热量，我们的身体随后会将其储存为脂肪”符合语境，故选F。4．答案与解析：G　考查上下文衔接。空后用去参加派对期望有很多食物，结果你只吃了一把蔬菜作为比喻，由此可见品尝无糖汽水时，与我们提供的卡路里相比，我们的大脑期望得到比我们提供的更多的卡路里。故选G。    5．答案与解析：E　考查上下文衔接。空前讲述人造甜味剂会导致食欲增加和潜在的体重增加，空后建议仅仅坚持喝水，故E选项“所以如果你喝无糖汽水是为了减掉几磅”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。Ⅲ.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——国际交流——德国一所学校的学生回信感谢彭丽媛【语篇解读】　本文主要讲到了德国一个高中合唱团的四名学生回信感谢彭丽媛对他们的赞扬、认可与鼓舞。彭丽媛在写给他们的信中鼓励他们为促进中德友谊做贡献。1．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。由首句信息“Four students from a German high school choir wrote a letter to Peng Liyuan”可知，此处说的应是一天中唱中国歌曲是最愉快的事情。下文提到的“our school's Chinese choir”也是依据。2．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，彭丽媛写信应是鼓励他们为促进中德友谊（friendship）做贡献。3．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。参见上题解析。4．答案与解析：D　考查常识推断。学生们说，他们读了（read）很多遍彭丽媛的信。5．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。从全文的语境看，学生们对于彭丽媛的信持一种非常积极的态度，因此用excited，表示看到信非常激动。6．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据空后的宾语video可知，其前的动词应用watched，此处表示“甚至观看我们的录像”。7．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据上文中的video以及“they wrote in the letter”可知，他们应是提到了录像的事情，故用referring to。8．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据第一段第二句“Singing 　1　 songs was the happiest part of the day”可知，此处表示视频中德国学生唱（sang）中国歌曲。9．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。从全文的语境看，她对于彭丽媛的信是一种非常积极的态度，因此A项符合语境。此处表示在写给彭丽媛的信中，她写到她极为高兴，因为学校受到如此多的认可（recognition）。10．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。参见上题解析。11．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。由上文中的“Your letter is great praise, acknowledgement and”可知，此处需要一个与之相对应的积极意义的词，结合语境用inspiration。12．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。此处表示：你的信不仅对我们学校，而且对于我们学校汉语合唱团的工作（work）来说都是一种赞扬、认可和鼓舞。13．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。注意关键词but，由此可知两个形容词之间为转折关系，故A项适合，此处表示起着微小却非常重要的作用。14．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。由下文语境“mutual （相互的） learning between people in Germany and China”判断此处用exchanges（交流）符合语境，意思是在中德两国人民的交流和相互学习中起着微小却非常重要的作用。15．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。由上文中的“very important role...mutual （相互的） learning between people in Germany and China”可知，这是让她感到骄傲的事情，故用proud。16．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境尤其是第一段中的“promoting the 　3　 of China and Germany”可以推断出，此处表示缩短两国的距离，故用shortening。17．答案与解析：A　考查语境和常识推断。此处是推测何种组织来转发信件。结合语境以及生活常识可知，在德国的中国大使馆（embassy）可以做到这一点。18．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。由第二段中的“We feel so proud”以及第三段中的“Your letter is great praise”可知，德国人写回信给彭丽媛应是表示感谢，故用gratitude。19．答案与解析：D　考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识判断，连同感谢信送出的还有书法作品以及学生做的礼物，其余选项不符合常识和语境。20．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上下文信息“Burg­Gymnasium”“Chinese language courses”可知，此处应是学校“开设或提供”课程，故选B。Ⅳ.语法填空语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——文化遗产——云冈石窟【语篇解读】　本文介绍了位于山西大同的云冈石窟。研究者们尝试使用新技术“复制”面临不断损坏的云冈石窟，希望新技术可以给文化遗产带来“新生”，带文化遗产走向世界。1．答案与解析：goes　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在从句中作谓语，主语that指代先行词a history，又根据语境可知时态应用一般现在时，故填goes。2．答案与解析：are　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作从句的谓语，关系词which指代先行词“59，000 figures of the Buddha”，在从句中作主语，为复数概念，且此处表客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，故用are。3．答案与解析：But　考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文之间有逻辑上的转折关系，云冈石窟是无价珍宝，但是由于气候变化和自然灾害的影响，石窟年复一年面临着破坏。故填But。4．答案与解析：advanced　考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词“technology”，故填advanced。5．答案与解析：digitally　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词“record”，故填digitally。6．答案与解析：them　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语代指上文中的“grottoes”，故填them。7．答案与解析：to access　考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定用法enable sb. to do sth.，表示“使某人能做某事”，故填to access。8．答案与解析：exhibition　考查词形转换。由空前的不定冠词an可知，此处需用名词，故填exhibition。9．答案与解析：researchers'　考查名词所有格。此处表示这些云冈研究人员的努力是技术帮助保护文化遗产的一个很好的例子。故填researchers'。10．答案与解析：that　考查主语从句。此处考查固定用法It is hoped that...，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语，故填that。