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江西省萍乡市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份江西省萍乡市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析），共23页。
萍乡市2022—2023学年度高一第二学期期中考试
英语试卷
(120分钟, 总分150分)
本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第11卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。
注意事项:
1. 答第1卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案前, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号框, 不能答在本试卷上, 否则无效。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Organize a meeting. B. Make a speech. C. Take a plane.
2. What does the man want to do?
A. Get a loan from the bank. B. Meet the bank manager. C. Open a bank account.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In a cake shop.
4. What does the woman think of drawing?
A. Easy. B. Demanding. C. Enjoyable.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. When the conference is held.
B. How many brochures are needed.
C. What they should do with the mistake.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
6. Who will leave the company?
A. Sally. B. Susie. C. The man.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Visit a restaurant. B. Attend a party. C. See a film.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
8. What does the woman dislike about the running shoes?
A. The model. B. The color. C. The size.
9. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Place an order. B. Try on shoes. C. Cheek a list.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
10. What is the minimum(最低的)entrance requirement for Cambridge University?
A. Getting three As and a B. B. Getting two As and two Bs. C. Getting an A and three Bs.
11. Which subject makes the woman anxious?
A. Biology. B. Maths. C. Physics.
12. What will the woman do if she fails the exams?
A. Start to work. B. Choose another university. C. Retake them after another year of study.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
13. Where did Cindy hear about smart cars?
A. From a magazine article. B. From a TV program. C. From a newspaper report.
14. What does Joe imply about Louis?
A. He owns a smart car. B. He works in a car company. C. He has a good sense of direction.
15. Why was Joe late?
A. He got lost. B. He ran out of gas. C. He got into an accident.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife.
听下面一段独白, 回答小题。
17. What could the speaker probably be?
A. A driver. B. A tour guide. C. A hotel Clerk.
18. What will the listeners book by themselves?
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.
19. What will the listeners fail to do?
A. Visit a castle. B. Listen to a lecture. C. Tour around the gardens.
20. When will the listeners go to the art gallery?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Writing Competitions
The Bristol Short Story Prize
It’s an international writing competition founded by the editors of the quarterly cultural magazine Bristol Review of Books in 2007. The 2022 Bristol Short Story Prize is open to everyone. The first prize is ￡1,000. Entries must be unpublished stories with 4, 000 words at most. The judges are Tom Drake-Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.
Admission fee:￡9
The Bath Novel Award
Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support new writers. The prize is￡3,000. In the event of a joint win, the prize money will be shared equally between winners. It’s open to unpublished and independently published novelists. This year’s judge is Nelle Andrew. All genres are welcome. Writers must submit the first 5,000 words plus one-page synopsis of the novel.
Admission fee:￡29
The BBC National Short Story Award
The BBC National Short Story Award 2022 with Cambridge University invites entries of short stories up to 8,000 words. It’s an award that has enriched the careers of writers since it was founded seventeen years ago. The winner of the contest for single short stories will receive￡15,000. This year’s judges are author Elizabeth Day and broadcaster Katie Thistleton.
Admission fee: free
The Creative Future Writers’ Award
Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances. This year’s theme is How It Started. Prizes include￡10,000 of cash and top writing development prizes supplied by publishers and development agencies.
Writers should submit one piece of writing in one category (50-line poetry to the maximum or 2,000-word fiction to the maximum). The judges are Dorothy Koomson, Joelle Taylor, Aki Schilz and Sarala Estruch.
Admission fee: free
1. Who may act as a judge for The Bristol Short Story Prize in 2022?
A. Joelle Taylor. B. Nelle Andrew. C. Katie Thistleton. D. Jessica Taylor.
2. What do the second and the fourth competitions have in common?
A. They were founded in the same year. B. They have a strict genre requirement.
C. They set the same cash bonus. D. They require no admission fee.
3. Which competition may favor applicants with physical disabilities?
A. The Bath Novel Award. B. The Bristol Short Story Prize.
C. The Creative Future Writers’ Award. D. The BBC National Short Story Award.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个写作比赛的情况，包括成立时间、评委和收费等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The judges are Tom Drake-Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.(评委是Tom Drake-Lee, Irensen Okojie和Jessica Taylor)”可知，Jessica Taylor担任2022年布里斯托短篇小说奖的评委。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support new writers.(自9年前（2022-9=2013）设立以来，国际巴斯小说奖一直在关注和支持新作家)”以及最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，第二届和第四届比赛的共同之处是都是同年（2013年）成立的。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，The Creative Future Writers’ Award比赛对身体残疾的申请人有利。故选C。
B
Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion.
What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shock in expectations. Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed (分布) in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.
Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do, they felt that she didn’t trust them to do their job well.
With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally, she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals.
4. What problem did Gabriela have with her Swedish team at the beginning?
A. Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff.
B. They were always refusing to follow her directions.
C. Her Swedish staff didn’t understand her instructions.
D. They looked down upon her because she was a female.
5. What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden?
A. Independent thinking and mild character.
B. Active participation and creative thinking.
C. Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior.
D. Competitive spirit and mild character.
6. Which of the following can best describe Gabriela?
A. Bossy and rude. B. Strict but trustworthy.
C. King but stubborn. D. Flexible and communicative.
7. What can we learn from Gabriela’s story?
A. Two heads are better than one. B. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
C. Birds of a feather flock together. D. When in Rome, do as Romans do.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了加芙列拉到瑞典工作中，经历了高权力距离文化和低权力距离文化的文化冲击。她适应当地的工作文化，调整自己的工作方式。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的前两句“Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her.”（尽管他们很友好，加芙列拉作为领导并没有受到尊重。她的新员工会在会议上公开质疑她的提议，当她指示他们如何执行任务时，他们通常会按照自己的方式执行，而不与她核对。）可知，在瑞典，一开始加芙列拉的权威受到了瑞典员工的挑战。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后两句“Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.”（然而，她的瑞典团队习惯了在低权力距离文化中工作，员工经常与他们的老板一起工作，寻找解决方案并做出决定。在这里，领导者扮演教练的角色，鼓励独立思考，并期待挑战。）可知，瑞典的工作文化鼓励独立思考；老板能够和员工一起工作，共同做出决定，说明鼓励在友好的氛围中工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.”（加芙列拉意识到她与团队之间的文化差异时，她和员工开诚布公地交谈员工们对她的领导力的感受。）可知，加芙列拉主动和员工开诚布公地交谈，说明她有很强的沟通交流能力；根据第六段的第一句中提到“Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.”（加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。）了解到原因之后，加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。这说明她能根据具体情况，灵活调整自己的工作方式。由此推知，加芙列拉是一个灵活的、善于沟通的管理者。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了加芙列拉被派到瑞典管理一个新的团队，经历了低权力距离文化的冲击后，能够根据当地的文化调整自己的管理方式。并且由文章最后一段的第一句“With a better understanding of the reasons behind each other’s behavior, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.”（加芙列拉对双方行为背后的原因有了更好的了解后，能够调整自己的管理方式。）可以推断，从加芙列拉的故事中，我们体会到了：“When in Rome, do as Romans do.”（入乡随俗。）D项符合题意。故选D项。
C
3D printing is becoming more and more popular. We are now able to create things we need very quickly and easily using 3D printers. But can you imagine printing food?
Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.
Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: You simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.
Using 3D printers to create your meals would also be saving the environment. There would be less need for traditional growing, transporting and packaging processes as food production would be a lot more efficient. For example, alternative ingredients(原料)such as proteins from algae, beetroot leaves and insects could be converted into tasty products.
Printing food could also help people who suffer from dysphagia (a swallowing disorder). They could program the printer to print softer versions of their favorite foods so that they would not have trouble swallowing them.
However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food. Imagine a world where there was no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes could be printed from a raw “food ink”. Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business. Also, there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food: Is it really possible to get the nutrients we need from food-based inks and gels(凝胶)?
What’s more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.
8. Which of the following best describes 3D food printing?
A. Quick and popular. B. Easy and efficient.
C. Nutritious and tasty. D. Soft and convenient.
9. Why do some think that 3D food printing would be a disaster?
A. Traditional food would disappear. B. Many people could lose their jobs.
C. It would affect the people’s health. D. We could all eat the same food.
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. 3D food printing will replace traditional cooking.
B. 3D printing food can treat dysphagia.
C. 3D food printing would hurt our tradition of food culture.
D. 3D food printing would be a failure.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Food “Printing”: Coming to the Kitchen.
B. Can 3D Printing Create Everything?
C. 3D Printing Food Will Be in Fashion!
D. The Disadvantage of 3D Food Printing.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: you simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.(科学家说这很简单：你只需要选择一个食谱，然后把生的食物“墨水”放进打印机。你也可以修改说明，使食物完全符合你的要求。这意味着它将非常快速和容易地制作美味和营养的膳食。)”可知，3D食品打印是容易且高效的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food.(然而，一些人认为3D食品打印的未来将是一场灾难。它会带走很多工作岗位，包括种植、运输和包装食品的工作岗位。)”可知，一些人认为3D食品打印是一场灾难，因为3D食品打印会使得很多人失去工作。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“What’s more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.(更重要的是，与家人和朋友一起做饭和吃饭一直是一种传统和令人愉快的活动。很难想象，在这样一个世界里，烹饪的乐趣已不复存在，只需按一下按钮就能创造出饭菜。)”可知，3D食品打印会损害我们的饮食文化传统。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.(一些科学家正试图通过这样做来彻底改变用餐体验。他们希望厨房里的3D打印机能像微波炉或搅拌机一样普及。)”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法，所以A选项A.3D Food “Printing”: Coming to the Kitchen. (3D食物“打印”：走进厨房)符合本文大意，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。
D
As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research institutions and government agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the planet, in the hopes of buying humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.
That strategy, called solar climate intervention (干预) or solar geoengineering, involves reflecting more of the sun’s energy back into space — abruptly reducing global temperatures in a way that imitates the effects of ash clouds flowing out from the volcanic eruptions. The idea has been considered as a dangerous and fancied solution, one that would encourage people to keep burning fossil fuels while exposing the planet to unexpected and potentially threatening side effects, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters.
But. as global warming continues, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters, some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so terrible that the world can’t wait for better solutions.
One way to cool the earth is by injecting aerosols (气溶胶) into the upper layer of the atmosphere. where those particles reflect sunlight away from the earth. That process works, according to Douglas MacMartin, a researcher at Cornell University.
“We know with 100% certainty that we can cool the planet,” he said in an interview. What’s still unclear, he added, is what happens next. Temperature, MacMartin said, is an indicator for a lot of climate effects. “What does it do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to agriculture production? What does it do to the risk of forest fires?”
Another institution funded by the National Science Foundation will analyze hundreds of simulations of aerosol injection, testing the effects on weather extremes around the world. One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot: the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.
12. Why do researchers and government agencies work on cooling the earth?
A. To prevent natural disasters. B. To win more time to reduce gas emissions.
C. To imitate volcanic eruptions. D. To encourage more people to bur fossil fuels.
13. What are researchers worried about in terms of global warming?
A. More volcanoes will throw out.
B. More solar energy will go into space.
C. More disasters will endanger the future of the world.
D. People will keep burning fossil fuels to keep warm.
14. What can be inferred from Douglas’ words in an interview?
A. He thinks more research remains to be done.
B. He is optimistic about the effect of cooling the earth.
C. He is concerned about the reduction in agriculture production.
D. He disapproves of the practice of solar climate intervention.
15. What does the underlined words “sweet spot” in the last paragraph mean?
A. The rainfall pattern of a region.
B. The modest drop in temperature.
C. The number of extreme weather events.
D. The injection amount of aerosol.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述全球气候变化带来各种灾难性的天气，政府和相关研究机构提出的各种可能的应对办法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research institutions and government agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the planet, in the hopes of buying humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.(随着气候变化的影响变得更加严重，知名研究机构和政府机构正把新的资金和注意力集中在一个想法上：人为地让地球降温，希望为人类赢得更多时间来减少温室气体排放)”可知，研究者和政府机构给地球降温是为了赢得更多的时间来减少温室气体的排放。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so terrible that the world can’t wait for better solutions.(一些研究人员和政策专家表示，当务之急是更好地了解地球工程，这比对地球工程的担忧更重要，以防气候变化的后果变得如此可怕，以至于世界不能等待更好的解决方案)”可知，研究者担心全球变暖造成的各种灾难可能会让未来的世界处于危险中。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““What does it do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to agriculture production? What does it do to the risk of forest fires?”(他问：“它对飓风的强度有什么影响？这对农业生产有什么影响？它对森林火灾的风险有什么影响？”)”可知，Douglas认为还有很多疑问没有解开，所以还有很多研究有待去做。故选A项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot: the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.(这项研究的目标之一是寻找一个“最佳点”：人工降温的数量，既可以减少极端天气事件，又不会造成区域降雨模式的广泛变化或类似影响)”可知，这里的“最佳点”指的是，人工降温要适度，既可以解决气候变暖带来的极端天气，又不会给气候造成太大的影响，因此“a sweet spot”指的是适度的降温。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your computer, pad, or Smartphone holds a wealth of information. If you know what to look for, you have access to an unlimited number of learning resources. When used correctly, the Internet is a tool that can greatly enlarge your knowledge.
Take part in an online language course. ___16___ Other websites like universities offer comprehensive (综合) language courses at a low price. Find a language course that best fits your needs and begin studying to increase your understanding.
___17___ Online, you can use flashcards and work sheets at little-to-no cost. You can also communicate with other language learners through forums (论坛). Use study resources to further strengthen your knowledge of the language, especially if you’re struggling in your online course.
Listen to foreign music for practice. You may not be able to travel to your country of choice, but you can listen to native speakers. ___18___ Look up the words of a foreign song beforehand and listen to it several times. With every repetition, you’ll recognize more words.
Read books issued in the public. Every year, new books can be got to read for free once their copyright has been out of date. In most European countries and the United States, books are issued into the public about 70 years after the author’s death. ___19___
Listen to audio books. Most books issued into the public can be got as a free audio book. If you’d prefer a popular novel, you could buy an audio book instead. ___20___ If you work online, you can turn one on and enjoy the storyline while multi-tasking.
A. Turn to the Internet for study resources.
B. After this point, you can read e-books at no cost.
C. You can receive free distance learning at little-to-no cost.
D. Audio books are a great way to absorb a novel when you’re busy.
E. Some online educational resources offer basic language classes for free.
F Many respected universities offer free online lecture series on a variety of subjects.
G. Few activities are as beneficial for learning as listening to a native speaker language.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何利用互联网来极大地扩展自己的知识。
【16题详解】
上文“Take part in an online language course. (参加在线语言课程。)”以及后文“Other websites like universities offer comprehensive (综合的) language courses at a low price. (其他网站，如大学，提供综合语言课程的价格较低。)”可知，上文是该段的主旨，第二段都与在线语言课程相关，下文则说提供在线语言课程的大学网站收费低廉，可知空格处的内容是在举例说明线上语言课程有免费的。E项中“language classes”与下文中“language courses”一致，“Some”与下文的“Others”相对应，因此E项“Some online educational resources offer basic language classes for free.(一些在线教育资源提供免费的基础语言课程)”最符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
下文“Online, you can use flashcards and work sheets at little-to-no cost. You can also communicate with other language learners through forums (论坛). Use study resources to further strengthen your knowledge of the language, especially if you’re struggling in your online course. (在网上，你可以以很少甚至是免费的成本获得抽认卡和工作表。你也可以通过论坛与其他语言学习者互动。利用学习资源进一步加强你的语言知识，特别是如果你在网上课程中很吃力的话。)”可知，这里主要介绍了在网上如何寻找学习资源，该段主要内容是关于在网上寻找学习资源的建议。A项中“the Internet”与下文中“online”相对应。因此A项“Turn to the Internet for study resources. (上网寻找学习资源)”最恰当。故选A。
【18题详解】
上文“Listen to foreign music for practice. You may not be able to travel to your country of choice, but you can listen to native speakers. (听外国音乐或看外国电影来练习。你可能不能去你选择的国家旅行，但是你可以听以英语为母语的人说话。)”以及下文“Look up the words of a foreign song beforehand and listen to it several times. (事先查一下一首外国歌曲的歌词，然后多听几遍。)”可知，本段的建议主要是关于听以英语为母语的人说话来练习英语，空格处有启下作用，概括性地说明有活动像听一个以英语为母语的人说话一样有益，下文再举例说明。G项中“a native speaker”与上文中“native speakers”相一致。因此，G项“Few activities are as beneficial for learning as listening to a native speaker language. (对于语言学习来说，很少有活动像听一个以英语为母语的人说话一样有益。)”符合。故选G。
【19题详解】
上文“In most European countries and the United States, books are issued into the public about 70 years after the author’s death. (在大多数欧洲国家和美国，书籍在作者去世大约70年后才公开。)”以及小标题“Read books issued in the public. (阅读公共领域的书籍。)”可知，空格处为该段的最后一句，起到了承接上文的作用，应当继续说明书籍公开后带来的影响。B项中“read e-books”与上文一致，因此，B项“After this point, you can read e-books at no cost. (在这之后，你可以免费阅读电子书。)”最符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“If you’d prefer a popular novel, you could buy an audio book instead. (如果你更喜欢一本流行小说，你可以买一本有声读物来代替。)”以及下文“If you work online, you can turn one on and enjoy the storyline while multi-tasking. (如果你在网上工作，你可以打开一个，在多任务的同时享受故事情节。)可知，空格处承上启下，段落的主要内容是关于听有声读物的建议。D项中“Audio books”与上文中“audio books”相一致。因此，D项“Audio books are a great way to absorb a novel when you’re busy. (当你很忙的时候，听有声书是一种很好的阅读小说的方式。)”最符合。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured(捕获)and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. These dolphins are fed fish instead of having to ___21___ them. As a result, they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than underwater. They get out of shape and can no longer ___22___ long distances. It affects their ___23___ greatly, and has proved to have ___24___ consequences.
Thus comes the question, “Should captive dolphins be ___25___ ? ”
Jeff Foster, a 55-year old expert, decided to help two captive dolphins, Tom and Misha, to reach their top physical ___26___. Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like ___27___ dolphins and they were set free back into the sea.
___28___ Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4—5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. It was ___29___ what Foster had hoped for. His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that the dolphins would ____30____ in the wild.
This program was a big success, but there have been others that failed. For example, another dolphin, Keiko, returned into the ocean in 2002, but ____31____ a year later because of all the misery(不幸)he ____32____. The sudden environment change did not ____33____ him well.
If people want to avoid these accidents, we must go to great lengths and put in the ____34____ to ensure it doesn’t happen ever again. In fact, with virtual reality technology picking up, there can still be great ways to ____35____ kids with sea animals without having to capture dolphins.
21. A. pick up B. hunt for C. look after D. throw away
22. A. see B. dive C. jump D. hear
23. A. appetite B. shelter C. lifestyle D. popularity
24. A. terrible B. nice C. important D. indirect
25. A. disturbed B. released C. protected D. prohibited
26. A. exercise B. pain C. appearance D. condition
27. A. wild B. clever C. helpless D. harmless
28. A. If B. Unless C. Although D. Because
29. A. hardly B. exactly C. possibly D. awfully
30. A. train B. search C. survive D. produce
31. A. died B. escaped C. returned D. recovered
32. A. led to B. brought up C. got over D. went through
33. A. suit B. serve C. defend D. prepare
34. A. tank B. time C. water D. effort
35. A. inspire B. treat C. entertain D. change
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了，每年世界各地都有许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中为人们表演娱乐，这种生活环境极大地影响了海豚的生活方式，并已被证明有可怕的后果，针对这些海豚放归海洋这个问题，福斯特通过训练海豚帮助它们再次适应它们的野外家园，从而成功回归海洋，但是也有案例没有成功。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些海豚用鱼喂食，而不用自己捕猎。A. pick up捡起；B. hunt for捕猎；C. look after照顾；D. throw away扔掉。根据前文“These dolphins are fed fish”可知，这些圈养的海豚都是有人喂食，而不用自己捕食。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的体型变差了，不能再远距离潜水了。A. see看见；B. dive潜水；C. jump跳；D. hear听见。根据上文“Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured (捕获) and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. (每年，世界各地的许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中，为人们，尤其是儿童表演。)”，以及“they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than under water. (他们开始将大部分时间花在游泳池附近而不是水下。)”可知，被捕获的海豚由于长期生活在狭小的池子里，导致身材变形、体力下降，失去了远距离潜水的能力。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它极大地影响他们的生活方式，并已被证明有可怕的后果。A. appetite胃口；B. shelter庇护，避难处；C. lifestyle生活方式；D. popularity流行，普及。根据上文“Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured (捕获) and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. (每年，世界各地的许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中，为人们，尤其是儿童表演。)”，以及“they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than under water. (他们开始将大部分时间花在游泳池附近而不是水下。)”可知，捕获来的海豚生活在小水池里，每天被投喂食物，导致海豚失去了远距离潜水的能力，这种生活环境和生活方式与被捕获前的不一样，即影响了海豚的生活方式。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它极大地影响他们的生活方式，并已被证明有糟糕的后果。A. terrible糟糕的； B. nice美好的；C. important重要的；D. indirect间接的。根据上文“They get out of shape and can no longer dive long distances. (它们的体型变差了，不能再远距离潜水了。)”可知，结果很糟糕。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该释放被圈养的海豚吗? A. disturbed打扰；B. released释放；C. protected保护；D. prohibited禁止。根据后文“Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like____7____dolphins and they were set free back into the sea. (20个月后，汤姆和米沙开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。)”可知，这里是讨论海豚应不应该被释放的问题，set free应和空格处的release对应。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：55岁的专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只被圈养的海豚汤姆和米沙，以达到它们的最佳身体状况。A. exercise锻炼；B. pain疼痛；C. appearance外表；D. condition状况。根据后文“Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. (他曾经每天训练两只海豚，让他们再次适应它们的野外家园。)”可知，训练海豚是为了让它们身体状况达标，从而适应野外生存环境。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：20个月后，汤姆和米沙开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。A. wild野生的；B. clever聪明的；C. helpless无助的；D. harmless无害的。根据后文“they were set free back into the sea”可知，它们被放回了大海，说明它们已经和野生海豚相差无几，有了生存能力。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4到5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Although尽管；D. Because因为。分析句意，根据上文“Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like____7____dolphins and they were set free back into the sea.(20个月后，汤姆和米沙开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。)”，后文they were able to adapt to the wild可知，汤姆和米沙在训练后适应野外生活，尽管它们曾经被圈养了多年，前后是让步关系。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是福斯特所希望的。他对海豚的梦想终于实现了。A. hardly几乎不；B. exactly确切地，恰好；C. possibly可能；D. awfully可怕地。根据上句“____8____Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4—5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. (尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4—5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。)”，以及下文“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that the dolphins would____10____in the wild (他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚可以在野外生存。)”可知， 把海豚放归大海，这正是福斯特所希望的。故选B项。
30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚可以在野外生存。A. train训练；B. search寻找；C. survive幸存；D. produce生产。根据上文“Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. (他曾经每天训练两只海豚，让他们再次适应它们的野外家园。)”，以及“____8____Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4—5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. (尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4—5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。)”可知，他训练海豚的目的是为了让它们适应野外，即在野外生存下来。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后，因为他经历了所有的不幸而去世。A. died死亡；B. escaped逃脱；C. returned归还；返回；D. recovered康复。根据上文“This program was a big success, but there have been others that failed. (这个项目取得了巨大的成功，但也有其他项目失败了。)”，根据后文“because of all the misery (不幸)”，说明放归Keiko的计划最终失败，因为Keiko不适应野外环境，备受痛苦，最终死了。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后，因为他经历了所有的不幸而去世了。A. led to导致；B. brought up养育；C. got over克服；D. went through经历。根据后文“because of all the misery (不幸)”，以及下文“The sudden environment change did not____13____him well.(它不太适应环境的突然变化。)”可知，此处是指海豚经历了很多不幸。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不太适应环境的突然变化。A. suit适应，适合；B. serve服务；C. defend防御；D. prepare 准备。由上句“For example, another dolphin, Keiko, returned into the ocean in 2002, but____11____a year later because of all the misery (不幸) he____12____. The sudden environment change did not____13____him well. (例如，另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后，因为他经历了所有的不幸而去世了。)”可知，海豚面对环境的突然变化，非常不适应，遭受了很多不幸。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想要避免这些事故，我们就必须竭尽全力，尽最大努力确保此类事件不再发生。A. tank坦克，水槽；B. time时间；C. water水；D. effort努力。根据前半句If people want to avoid these accidents可知，设空处所填的词应与go to great lengths含义一致；且根据下文中的ensure it doesn’t happen again可知，人们如果想要改变现状，就要为此付出努力。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术的兴起，仍然可以有很好的方法让孩子们与海洋动物一起娱乐，而不必捕捉海豚。A. inspire激励；B. treat对待；处理；C. entertain娱乐；D. change改变。根据第一段中“Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured (捕获) and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. (每年，世界各地的许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中，为人们，尤其是为儿童表演。)”可知，捕获海豚是为了娱乐人们，尤其是为了小孩子。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The spreading COVID-19 has canceled several touring performances from top music artists. But recently, some of these musicians ___36___ （find）a new place to sing: their living rooms. John Legend, Bono, Pink and Keith Urban are among those who have all live-streamed（直播的）performances from their homes. On Tuesday, Legend sang for nearly an hour in a show ___37___ was live-streamed on Facebook and Instagram. "This is ___38___ cool way to connect with people and make them feel some kind of love," he said. Legend's performance was in support ___39___ the World Health Organization's（WHO）newly-launched（新发布的）online concert series "Together at Hone".
Others have came up with ___40___ （create）ways to communicate with people. Miley Cyrus started a daily Instagram live talk show, called "Bright Minded: Live with Miley", in order ___41___ （lift）people's spirits. Brandon Flowers posted a video of ___42___ （he）washing his hands while ___43___ （sing）his song "Mr. Brightside". Kevin O'Donnell said, "It's ___44___ （extreme）unbelievable to see artists coming together to come up with ways to bring___45___ （happy）to their fans given this crazy time that we're living in at the moment.
【答案】36. have found/found
37. that/which
38. a 39. of
40. creative
41. to lift
42. himself
43. singing
44. extremely
45. happiness
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了新冠肺炎的流行，一些音乐家通过在家里做直播来给粉丝带来快乐。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：但是最近，这些音乐家中的一些人找到了一个新的地方来演唱: 他们的起居室。根据时间状语recently，时态可以用现在完成时或一般过去时。结合句子主语some of these musicians为复数，所以助动词用have，故填have found/found。
2.考查定语从句。句意：周二，Legend在 “脸书”和“照片墙”上，现场直播的节目中演唱了近一个小时。分析句子可知，设空处及之后内容为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，修饰先行词 show，所以填关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
3.考查冠词。句意：他说：“这是一种很酷的方式来与人们交流，让他们感受到某种爱。”way“方式”为可数名词，根据句子主语this，为单数意义，所以此处表示一种方式，填不定冠词a。故填a。
4.考查介词。句意：Legend的演出是为了支持世界卫生组织新推出的在线音乐会系列《同一个世界：团结在家》。短语in support of，意为“支持......”，故填of。
5.考查形容词。句意：其他人想出了创造性的方法来与人交流。根据设空后的名词ways可知，此处要用形容词作定语来修饰名词。故填creative。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了鼓舞人心，麦莉 · 赛勒斯创办了一个每日 “照片墙” 直播脱口秀节目，名为“Bright Minded: Live with Miley”。短语in order to do，表示目的，意为“为了......，”，故填to lift。
7.考查反身代词。句意：Brandon flowers 上传了一段视频，视频中他一边洗手，一边唱着他的歌曲“ Mr. Brightside”。当宾语和主语表示同一人或物时，宾语要用反身代词。分析句子可知，设空处此处指的是他自己的视频，句子主语和宾语为同一人，所以此处要用反身代词himself。故填himself。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处sing的动作和wash的动作，在同一个时间发生；while为并列连词，意为“在......期间”，其后省略了he was ，所以此处用现在分词，故填singing。
9.考查副词。句意：Kevin o’ donnell 说：“考虑到我们现在生活在一个疯狂的时代，看到艺术家们聚在一起，想出办法给他们的粉丝带来快乐，真是难以置信。根据设空后的形容词unbelievable，此处要用副词修饰形容词。故填extremely。
10.考查名词。句意：Kevin o’ donnell 说：“考虑到我们现在生活在一个疯狂的时代，看到艺术家们聚在一起，想出办法给他们的粉丝带来快乐，真是难以置信。设空前为动词，此处要用名词作宾语。故填happiness。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节: 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，由于互联网已成为大家获取信息，互动交流的重要平台，为抵制不文明网络行为，创造良好的网络环境，请你围绕“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”向全校学生写一封英语倡议书，内容包括：
1. 倡议原因； 2. 如何文明上网。
注意∶
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】A.
Dear fellow students,
Nowadays, we have quick and easy access to information and communicate/interact with each other via/through the Internet. However, the virtual world has also become a hotbed for uncivilized behaviors such as online bully or fraud (cheating/abuse/gossip/rumor/scandal). Therefore, I call upon/appeal to all students to surf the Internet in a civilized manner.
Here is how. Firstly, we need to use polite words such as ‘thank you, sorry to trouble, please,’ etc. on a regular basis to show others our respect and good online conducts. Secondly, use officially registered websites rather than unauthorized ones to keep online fishing or cheating at bay. Thirdly, once we spot any vulgar (obscene) or anti-social content, report it timely to the police or surveillance organizations so as to foster/promote a clean and unpolluted online environment.
Thanks for your cooperation.
Li Hua
B. 官方范文：
Dear fellow students,
Nowadays the Internet has become an important platform for information and communication. In order to get rid of the ill manners online and make a good network environment, I do hope all of you can be civilized and responsible netizens in the following ways.
First, when communicating with others online, you are expected to show due respect. Second, watch out for warning signs when visiting a website to avoid spreading virus. Last, saying no to any pirated recordings makes sense.
Let’s join our efforts to build a harmonious online community!
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”为主题，向全校写一封倡议书，内容包括倡议的原因和如何文明上网的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→critical
当心：watch out for→be cautious about
共同努力：join our efforts→work together
建立：build→establish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last, saying no to any pirated recordings makes sense.
拓展句：Last, it makes sense that we say no to any pirated recordings.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, when communicating with others online, you are expected to show due respect. （运用了状语从句的省略）
【高分句型2】I do hope all of you can be civilized and responsible netizens in the following ways.（运用了do强调谓语）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Whoa! What are you doing? ” I asked, shocked.
I had just walked into my daughter’s room as she was working on a science project. Normally, I would have been pleased at such a sight. But this time, her project needed sand, a lot of it. And, while she had put some plastic below her work area, it wasn’t nearly enough. The sand was spreading all over our newly decorated floors.
My daughter, who immediately felt my displeasure, began to defend herself. “I used plastic!” she responded angrily.
I reacted more angrily, “But the sand is getting all over!”
“Where else am I supposed to do it?” she yelled.
Why won’t she admit (承认) when she’s done something wrong? I thought to myself. I felt my fear, projecting into the future: What would her life look like if she couldn’t admit her mistakes?
My fear translated into more anger, this time about how important it was for her to admit mistakes, and we began to argue. She said something that felt disrespectful to me and I raised my voice. It started to get out of control. This scene had happened in my family over and over again, a hysterical (歇斯底里的) daughter and a yelling mom. It usually started with unrealized expectations and ended in anger, frustration (挫败), sadness, and loss of confidence on both sides.
I tried my best to calm down, but somehow I stormed out of her room. Just at the moment, her door shut heavily behind me. How could she do this to me! So angry was I that I decided to give her a lesson. When my husband came back from work, seeing the look on my face, he figured out what had happened almost at once. “A rough fight again?” Eddie asked. After hearing the whole thing, he said gently “Have you ever thought that maybe you should have given her a chance to explain the situation before you lost your temper?” His words set me thinking, I began to reflect on my behaviors.
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, I heard footsteps coming.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I couldn’t believe what I just heard.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Just then, I heard footsteps coming. I knew it was my daughter, but I kept turning my back to her because I was still so angry. “Mom, I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have snapped at you,” my daughter whispered and approached me. “I was wrong. Next time I’ll be careful not to scatter sand or plastic on the floor.” Standing right behind me, she continued, “But I hope you’ll give me a chance to explain myself. Let’s just settle this calmly. I don’t want to make you angry.”
I couldn’t believe what I just heard. I couldn’t help crying and regretted what I had just done. I wiped my eyes, turned around, took my daughter’s hand and said, “Moms shouldn’t get mad at you without listening to your explanation. I will learn to control myself in the future.” With that, I hugged my daughter and my husband looked at us with a smile.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和女儿常常为一些小事而大声争论。这天作者因为女儿做科学实验时把沙子弄在了新铺的地板上再一次情绪失控，夺门而出，想着等丈夫后来后给女儿一个教训。丈夫回来后建议作者反思一下自己的行为。
【详解】1.段落续写。
①根据第一段首句“就在这时，我听到了脚步声”可知，下文可描写女儿走近作者时说了些什么。
②根据第二段首句“我简直不敢相信我听到的”可知，下文可描写作者听了女儿话后的反应。
2.续写线索
听到脚步声——女儿靠近——承认错误，表达心声——不敢相信自己所听——感触——回应女儿
3.词类激活
行为类
①低声说：whisper/say...in a low voice
②撒：scatter/cast/splash
③解决：settle/solve
④情不自禁做某事：can’t help doing sth./can’t help but do sth.
情绪类
①生气的：angry/annoyed
②哭泣：cry/sob
【点睛】[高分句型1]I knew it was my daughter, but I kept turning my back to her because I was still so angry. （运用了because引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]I couldn’t help crying and regretted what I had just done.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
萍乡市2022—2023学年度高一第二学期期中考试
英语试卷
(120分钟, 总分150分)
本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第11卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。
注意事项:
1. 答第1卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案前, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号框, 不能答在本试卷上, 否则无效。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Organize a meeting. B. Make a speech. C. Take a plane.
2. What does the man want to do?
A. Get a loan from the bank. B. Meet the bank manager. C. Open a bank account.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In a cake shop.
4. What does the woman think of drawing?
A. Easy. B. Demanding. C. Enjoyable.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. When the conference is held.
B. How many brochures are needed.
C. What they should do with the mistake.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
6. Who will leave the company?
A. Sally. B. Susie. C. The man.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Visit a restaurant. B. Attend a party. C. See a film.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
8. What does the woman dislike about the running shoes?
A. The model. B. The color. C. The size.
9. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Place an order. B. Try on shoes. C. Cheek a list.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
10. What is the minimum(最低的)entrance requirement for Cambridge University?
A. Getting three As and a B. B. Getting two As and two Bs. C. Getting an A and three Bs.
11. Which subject makes the woman anxious?
A. Biology. B. Maths. C. Physics.
12. What will the woman do if she fails the exams?
A. Start to work. B. Choose another university. C. Retake them after another year of study.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
13. Where did Cindy hear about smart cars?
A. From a magazine article. B. From a TV program. C. From a newspaper report.
14. What does Joe imply about Louis?
A. He owns a smart car. B. He works in a car company. C. He has a good sense of direction.
15. Why was Joe late?
A. He got lost. B. He ran out of gas. C. He got into an accident.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife.
听下面一段独白, 回答小题。
17. What could the speaker probably be?
A. A driver. B. A tour guide. C. A hotel Clerk.
18. What will the listeners book by themselves?
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.
19. What will the listeners fail to do?
A. Visit a castle. B. Listen to a lecture. C. Tour around the gardens.
20. When will the listeners go to the art gallery?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Writing Competitions
The Bristol Short Story Prize
It’s an international writing competition founded by the editors of the quarterly cultural magazine Bristol Review of Books in 2007. The 2022 Bristol Short Story Prize is open to everyone. The first prize is ￡1,000. Entries must be unpublished stories with 4, 000 words at most. The judges are Tom Drake-Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.
Admission fee:￡9
The Bath Novel Award
Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support new writers. The prize is￡3,000. In the event of a joint win, the prize money will be shared equally between winners. It’s open to unpublished and independently published novelists. This year’s judge is Nelle Andrew. All genres are welcome. Writers must submit the first 5,000 words plus one-page synopsis of the novel.
Admission fee:￡29
The BBC National Short Story Award
The BBC National Short Story Award 2022 with Cambridge University invites entries of short stories up to 8,000 words. It’s an award that has enriched the careers of writers since it was founded seventeen years ago. The winner of the contest for single short stories will receive￡15,000. This year’s judges are author Elizabeth Day and broadcaster Katie Thistleton.
Admission fee: free
The Creative Future Writers’ Award
Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances. This year’s theme is How It Started. Prizes include￡10,000 of cash and top writing development prizes supplied by publishers and development agencies.
Writers should submit one piece of writing in one category (50-line poetry to the maximum or 2,000-word fiction to the maximum). The judges are Dorothy Koomson, Joelle Taylor, Aki Schilz and Sarala Estruch.
Admission fee: free
1. Who may act as a judge for The Bristol Short Story Prize in 2022?
A. Joelle Taylor. B. Nelle Andrew. C. Katie Thistleton. D. Jessica Taylor.
2. What do the second and the fourth competitions have in common?
A. They were founded in the same year. B. They have a strict genre requirement.
C. They set the same cash bonus. D. They require no admission fee.
3. Which competition may favor applicants with physical disabilities?
A. The Bath Novel Award. B. The Bristol Short Story Prize.
C. The Creative Future Writers’ Award. D. The BBC National Short Story Award.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个写作比赛的情况，包括成立时间、评委和收费等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The judges are Tom Drake-Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.(评委是Tom Drake-Lee, Irensen Okojie和Jessica Taylor)”可知，Jessica Taylor担任2022年布里斯托短篇小说奖的评委。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support new writers.(自9年前（2022-9=2013）设立以来，国际巴斯小说奖一直在关注和支持新作家)”以及最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，第二届和第四届比赛的共同之处是都是同年（2013年）成立的。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，The Creative Future Writers’ Award比赛对身体残疾的申请人有利。故选C。
B
Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion.
What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shock in expectations. Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed (分布) in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.
Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do, they felt that she didn’t trust them to do their job well.
With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally, she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals.
4. What problem did Gabriela have with her Swedish team at the beginning?
A. Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff.
B. They were always refusing to follow her directions.
C. Her Swedish staff didn’t understand her instructions.
D. They looked down upon her because she was a female.
5. What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden?
A. Independent thinking and mild character.
B. Active participation and creative thinking.
C. Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior.
D. Competitive spirit and mild character.
6. Which of the following can best describe Gabriela?
A. Bossy and rude. B. Strict but trustworthy.
C. King but stubborn. D. Flexible and communicative.
7. What can we learn from Gabriela’s story?
A. Two heads are better than one. B. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
C. Birds of a feather flock together. D. When in Rome, do as Romans do.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了加芙列拉到瑞典工作中，经历了高权力距离文化和低权力距离文化的文化冲击。她适应当地的工作文化，调整自己的工作方式。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的前两句“Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her.”（尽管他们很友好，加芙列拉作为领导并没有受到尊重。她的新员工会在会议上公开质疑她的提议，当她指示他们如何执行任务时，他们通常会按照自己的方式执行，而不与她核对。）可知，在瑞典，一开始加芙列拉的权威受到了瑞典员工的挑战。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后两句“Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.”（然而，她的瑞典团队习惯了在低权力距离文化中工作，员工经常与他们的老板一起工作，寻找解决方案并做出决定。在这里，领导者扮演教练的角色，鼓励独立思考，并期待挑战。）可知，瑞典的工作文化鼓励独立思考；老板能够和员工一起工作，共同做出决定，说明鼓励在友好的氛围中工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.”（加芙列拉意识到她与团队之间的文化差异时，她和员工开诚布公地交谈员工们对她的领导力的感受。）可知，加芙列拉主动和员工开诚布公地交谈，说明她有很强的沟通交流能力；根据第六段的第一句中提到“Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.”（加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。）了解到原因之后，加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。这说明她能根据具体情况，灵活调整自己的工作方式。由此推知，加芙列拉是一个灵活的、善于沟通的管理者。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了加芙列拉被派到瑞典管理一个新的团队，经历了低权力距离文化的冲击后，能够根据当地的文化调整自己的管理方式。并且由文章最后一段的第一句“With a better understanding of the reasons behind each other’s behavior, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.”（加芙列拉对双方行为背后的原因有了更好的了解后，能够调整自己的管理方式。）可以推断，从加芙列拉的故事中，我们体会到了：“When in Rome, do as Romans do.”（入乡随俗。）D项符合题意。故选D项。
C
3D printing is becoming more and more popular. We are now able to create things we need very quickly and easily using 3D printers. But can you imagine printing food?
Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.
Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: You simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.
Using 3D printers to create your meals would also be saving the environment. There would be less need for traditional growing, transporting and packaging processes as food production would be a lot more efficient. For example, alternative ingredients(原料)such as proteins from algae, beetroot leaves and insects could be converted into tasty products.
Printing food could also help people who suffer from dysphagia (a swallowing disorder). They could program the printer to print softer versions of their favorite foods so that they would not have trouble swallowing them.
However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food. Imagine a world where there was no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes could be printed from a raw “food ink”. Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business. Also, there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food: Is it really possible to get the nutrients we need from food-based inks and gels(凝胶)?
What’s more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.
8. Which of the following best describes 3D food printing?
A. Quick and popular. B. Easy and efficient.
C. Nutritious and tasty. D. Soft and convenient.
9. Why do some think that 3D food printing would be a disaster?
A. Traditional food would disappear. B. Many people could lose their jobs.
C. It would affect the people’s health. D. We could all eat the same food.
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. 3D food printing will replace traditional cooking.
B. 3D printing food can treat dysphagia.
C. 3D food printing would hurt our tradition of food culture.
D. 3D food printing would be a failure.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Food “Printing”: Coming to the Kitchen.
B. Can 3D Printing Create Everything?
C. 3D Printing Food Will Be in Fashion!
D. The Disadvantage of 3D Food Printing.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: you simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.(科学家说这很简单：你只需要选择一个食谱，然后把生的食物“墨水”放进打印机。你也可以修改说明，使食物完全符合你的要求。这意味着它将非常快速和容易地制作美味和营养的膳食。)”可知，3D食品打印是容易且高效的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food.(然而，一些人认为3D食品打印的未来将是一场灾难。它会带走很多工作岗位，包括种植、运输和包装食品的工作岗位。)”可知，一些人认为3D食品打印是一场灾难，因为3D食品打印会使得很多人失去工作。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“What’s more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.(更重要的是，与家人和朋友一起做饭和吃饭一直是一种传统和令人愉快的活动。很难想象，在这样一个世界里，烹饪的乐趣已不复存在，只需按一下按钮就能创造出饭菜。)”可知，3D食品打印会损害我们的饮食文化传统。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.(一些科学家正试图通过这样做来彻底改变用餐体验。他们希望厨房里的3D打印机能像微波炉或搅拌机一样普及。)”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法，所以A选项A.3D Food “Printing”: Coming to the Kitchen. (3D食物“打印”：走进厨房)符合本文大意，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。
D
As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research institutions and government agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the planet, in the hopes of buying humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.
That strategy, called solar climate intervention (干预) or solar geoengineering, involves reflecting more of the sun’s energy back into space — abruptly reducing global temperatures in a way that imitates the effects of ash clouds flowing out from the volcanic eruptions. The idea has been considered as a dangerous and fancied solution, one that would encourage people to keep burning fossil fuels while exposing the planet to unexpected and potentially threatening side effects, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters.
But. as global warming continues, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters, some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so terrible that the world can’t wait for better solutions.
One way to cool the earth is by injecting aerosols (气溶胶) into the upper layer of the atmosphere. where those particles reflect sunlight away from the earth. That process works, according to Douglas MacMartin, a researcher at Cornell University.
“We know with 100% certainty that we can cool the planet,” he said in an interview. What’s still unclear, he added, is what happens next. Temperature, MacMartin said, is an indicator for a lot of climate effects. “What does it do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to agriculture production? What does it do to the risk of forest fires?”
Another institution funded by the National Science Foundation will analyze hundreds of simulations of aerosol injection, testing the effects on weather extremes around the world. One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot: the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.
12. Why do researchers and government agencies work on cooling the earth?
A. To prevent natural disasters. B. To win more time to reduce gas emissions.
C. To imitate volcanic eruptions. D. To encourage more people to bur fossil fuels.
13. What are researchers worried about in terms of global warming?
A. More volcanoes will throw out.
B. More solar energy will go into space.
C. More disasters will endanger the future of the world.
D. People will keep burning fossil fuels to keep warm.
14. What can be inferred from Douglas’ words in an interview?
A. He thinks more research remains to be done.
B. He is optimistic about the effect of cooling the earth.
C. He is concerned about the reduction in agriculture production.
D. He disapproves of the practice of solar climate intervention.
15. What does the underlined words “sweet spot” in the last paragraph mean?
A. The rainfall pattern of a region.
B. The modest drop in temperature.
C. The number of extreme weather events.
D. The injection amount of aerosol.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述全球气候变化带来各种灾难性的天气，政府和相关研究机构提出的各种可能的应对办法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research institutions and government agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the planet, in the hopes of buying humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.(随着气候变化的影响变得更加严重，知名研究机构和政府机构正把新的资金和注意力集中在一个想法上：人为地让地球降温，希望为人类赢得更多时间来减少温室气体排放)”可知，研究者和政府机构给地球降温是为了赢得更多的时间来减少温室气体的排放。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so terrible that the world can’t wait for better solutions.(一些研究人员和政策专家表示，当务之急是更好地了解地球工程，这比对地球工程的担忧更重要，以防气候变化的后果变得如此可怕，以至于世界不能等待更好的解决方案)”可知，研究者担心全球变暖造成的各种灾难可能会让未来的世界处于危险中。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““What does it do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to agriculture production? What does it do to the risk of forest fires?”(他问：“它对飓风的强度有什么影响？这对农业生产有什么影响？它对森林火灾的风险有什么影响？”)”可知，Douglas认为还有很多疑问没有解开，所以还有很多研究有待去做。故选A项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot: the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.(这项研究的目标之一是寻找一个“最佳点”：人工降温的数量，既可以减少极端天气事件，又不会造成区域降雨模式的广泛变化或类似影响)”可知，这里的“最佳点”指的是，人工降温要适度，既可以解决气候变暖带来的极端天气，又不会给气候造成太大的影响，因此“a sweet spot”指的是适度的降温。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your computer, pad, or Smartphone holds a wealth of information. If you know what to look for, you have access to an unlimited number of learning resources. When used correctly, the Internet is a tool that can greatly enlarge your knowledge.
Take part in an online language course. ___16___ Other websites like universities offer comprehensive (综合) language courses at a low price. Find a language course that best fits your needs and begin studying to increase your understanding.
___17___ Online, you can use flashcards and work sheets at little-to-no cost. You can also communicate with other language learners through forums (论坛). Use study resources to further strengthen your knowledge of the language, especially if you’re struggling in your online course.
Listen to foreign music for practice. You may not be able to travel to your country of choice, but you can listen to native speakers. ___18___ Look up the words of a foreign song beforehand and listen to it several times. With every repetition, you’ll recognize more words.
Read books issued in the public. Every year, new books can be got to read for free once their copyright has been out of date. In most European countries and the United States, books are issued into the public about 70 years after the author’s death. ___19___
Listen to audio books. Most books issued into the public can be got as a free audio book. If you’d prefer a popular novel, you could buy an audio book instead. ___20___ If you work online, you can turn one on and enjoy the storyline while multi-tasking.
A. Turn to the Internet for study resources.
B. After this point, you can read e-books at no cost.
C. You can receive free distance learning at little-to-no cost.
D. Audio books are a great way to absorb a novel when you’re busy.
E. Some online educational resources offer basic language classes for free.
F Many respected universities offer free online lecture series on a variety of subjects.
G. Few activities are as beneficial for learning as listening to a native speaker language.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何利用互联网来极大地扩展自己的知识。
【16题详解】
上文“Take part in an online language course. (参加在线语言课程。)”以及后文“Other websites like universities offer comprehensive (综合的) language courses at a low price. (其他网站，如大学，提供综合语言课程的价格较低。)”可知，上文是该段的主旨，第二段都与在线语言课程相关，下文则说提供在线语言课程的大学网站收费低廉，可知空格处的内容是在举例说明线上语言课程有免费的。E项中“language classes”与下文中“language courses”一致，“Some”与下文的“Others”相对应，因此E项“Some online educational resources offer basic language classes for free.(一些在线教育资源提供免费的基础语言课程)”最符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
下文“Online, you can use flashcards and work sheets at little-to-no cost. You can also communicate with other language learners through forums (论坛). Use study resources to further strengthen your knowledge of the language, especially if you’re struggling in your online course. (在网上，你可以以很少甚至是免费的成本获得抽认卡和工作表。你也可以通过论坛与其他语言学习者互动。利用学习资源进一步加强你的语言知识，特别是如果你在网上课程中很吃力的话。)”可知，这里主要介绍了在网上如何寻找学习资源，该段主要内容是关于在网上寻找学习资源的建议。A项中“the Internet”与下文中“online”相对应。因此A项“Turn to the Internet for study resources. (上网寻找学习资源)”最恰当。故选A。
【18题详解】
上文“Listen to foreign music for practice. You may not be able to travel to your country of choice, but you can listen to native speakers. (听外国音乐或看外国电影来练习。你可能不能去你选择的国家旅行，但是你可以听以英语为母语的人说话。)”以及下文“Look up the words of a foreign song beforehand and listen to it several times. (事先查一下一首外国歌曲的歌词，然后多听几遍。)”可知，本段的建议主要是关于听以英语为母语的人说话来练习英语，空格处有启下作用，概括性地说明有活动像听一个以英语为母语的人说话一样有益，下文再举例说明。G项中“a native speaker”与上文中“native speakers”相一致。因此，G项“Few activities are as beneficial for learning as listening to a native speaker language. (对于语言学习来说，很少有活动像听一个以英语为母语的人说话一样有益。)”符合。故选G。
【19题详解】
上文“In most European countries and the United States, books are issued into the public about 70 years after the author’s death. (在大多数欧洲国家和美国，书籍在作者去世大约70年后才公开。)”以及小标题“Read books issued in the public. (阅读公共领域的书籍。)”可知，空格处为该段的最后一句，起到了承接上文的作用，应当继续说明书籍公开后带来的影响。B项中“read e-books”与上文一致，因此，B项“After this point, you can read e-books at no cost. (在这之后，你可以免费阅读电子书。)”最符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“If you’d prefer a popular novel, you could buy an audio book instead. (如果你更喜欢一本流行小说，你可以买一本有声读物来代替。)”以及下文“If you work online, you can turn one on and enjoy the storyline while multi-tasking. (如果你在网上工作，你可以打开一个，在多任务的同时享受故事情节。)可知，空格处承上启下，段落的主要内容是关于听有声读物的建议。D项中“Audio books”与上文中“audio books”相一致。因此，D项“Audio books are a great way to absorb a novel when you’re busy. (当你很忙的时候，听有声书是一种很好的阅读小说的方式。)”最符合。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured(捕获)and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. These dolphins are fed fish instead of having to ___21___ them. As a result, they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than underwater. They get out of shape and can no longer ___22___ long distances. It affects their ___23___ greatly, and has proved to have ___24___ consequences.
Thus comes the question, “Should captive dolphins be ___25___ ? ”
Jeff Foster, a 55-year old expert, decided to help two captive dolphins, Tom and Misha, to reach their top physical ___26___. Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like ___27___ dolphins and they were set free back into the sea.
___28___ Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4—5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. It was ___29___ what Foster had hoped for. His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that the dolphins would ____30____ in the wild.
This program was a big success, but there have been others that failed. For example, another dolphin, Keiko, returned into the ocean in 2002, but ____31____ a year later because of all the misery(不幸)he ____32____. The sudden environment change did not ____33____ him well.
If people want to avoid these accidents, we must go to great lengths and put in the ____34____ to ensure it doesn’t happen ever again. In fact, with virtual reality technology picking up, there can still be great ways to ____35____ kids with sea animals without having to capture dolphins.
21. A. pick up B. hunt for C. look after D. throw away
22. A. see B. dive C. jump D. hear
23. A. appetite B. shelter C. lifestyle D. popularity
24. A. terrible B. nice C. important D. indirect
25. A. disturbed B. released C. protected D. prohibited
26. A. exercise B. pain C. appearance D. condition
27. A. wild B. clever C. helpless D. harmless
28. A. If B. Unless C. Although D. Because
29. A. hardly B. exactly C. possibly D. awfully
30. A. train B. search C. survive D. produce
31. A. died B. escaped C. returned D. recovered
32. A. led to B. brought up C. got over D. went through
33. A. suit B. serve C. defend D. prepare
34. A. tank B. time C. water D. effort
35. A. inspire B. treat C. entertain D. change
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了，每年世界各地都有许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中为人们表演娱乐，这种生活环境极大地影响了海豚的生活方式，并已被证明有可怕的后果，针对这些海豚放归海洋这个问题，福斯特通过训练海豚帮助它们再次适应它们的野外家园，从而成功回归海洋，但是也有案例没有成功。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些海豚用鱼喂食，而不用自己捕猎。A. pick up捡起；B. hunt for捕猎；C. look after照顾；D. throw away扔掉。根据前文“These dolphins are fed fish”可知，这些圈养的海豚都是有人喂食，而不用自己捕食。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的体型变差了，不能再远距离潜水了。A. see看见；B. dive潜水；C. jump跳；D. hear听见。根据上文“Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured (捕获) and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. (每年，世界各地的许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中，为人们，尤其是儿童表演。)”，以及“they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than under water. (他们开始将大部分时间花在游泳池附近而不是水下。)”可知，被捕获的海豚由于长期生活在狭小的池子里，导致身材变形、体力下降，失去了远距离潜水的能力。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它极大地影响他们的生活方式，并已被证明有可怕的后果。A. appetite胃口；B. shelter庇护，避难处；C. lifestyle生活方式；D. popularity流行，普及。根据上文“Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured (捕获) and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. (每年，世界各地的许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中，为人们，尤其是儿童表演。)”，以及“they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than under water. (他们开始将大部分时间花在游泳池附近而不是水下。)”可知，捕获来的海豚生活在小水池里，每天被投喂食物，导致海豚失去了远距离潜水的能力，这种生活环境和生活方式与被捕获前的不一样，即影响了海豚的生活方式。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它极大地影响他们的生活方式，并已被证明有糟糕的后果。A. terrible糟糕的； B. nice美好的；C. important重要的；D. indirect间接的。根据上文“They get out of shape and can no longer dive long distances. (它们的体型变差了，不能再远距离潜水了。)”可知，结果很糟糕。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该释放被圈养的海豚吗? A. disturbed打扰；B. released释放；C. protected保护；D. prohibited禁止。根据后文“Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like____7____dolphins and they were set free back into the sea. (20个月后，汤姆和米沙开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。)”可知，这里是讨论海豚应不应该被释放的问题，set free应和空格处的release对应。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：55岁的专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只被圈养的海豚汤姆和米沙，以达到它们的最佳身体状况。A. exercise锻炼；B. pain疼痛；C. appearance外表；D. condition状况。根据后文“Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. (他曾经每天训练两只海豚，让他们再次适应它们的野外家园。)”可知，训练海豚是为了让它们身体状况达标，从而适应野外生存环境。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：20个月后，汤姆和米沙开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。A. wild野生的；B. clever聪明的；C. helpless无助的；D. harmless无害的。根据后文“they were set free back into the sea”可知，它们被放回了大海，说明它们已经和野生海豚相差无几，有了生存能力。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4到5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Although尽管；D. Because因为。分析句意，根据上文“Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like____7____dolphins and they were set free back into the sea.(20个月后，汤姆和米沙开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。)”，后文they were able to adapt to the wild可知，汤姆和米沙在训练后适应野外生活，尽管它们曾经被圈养了多年，前后是让步关系。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是福斯特所希望的。他对海豚的梦想终于实现了。A. hardly几乎不；B. exactly确切地，恰好；C. possibly可能；D. awfully可怕地。根据上句“____8____Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4—5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. (尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4—5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。)”，以及下文“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that the dolphins would____10____in the wild (他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚可以在野外生存。)”可知， 把海豚放归大海，这正是福斯特所希望的。故选B项。
30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚可以在野外生存。A. train训练；B. search寻找；C. survive幸存；D. produce生产。根据上文“Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. (他曾经每天训练两只海豚，让他们再次适应它们的野外家园。)”，以及“____8____Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4—5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. (尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4—5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。)”可知，他训练海豚的目的是为了让它们适应野外，即在野外生存下来。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后，因为他经历了所有的不幸而去世。A. died死亡；B. escaped逃脱；C. returned归还；返回；D. recovered康复。根据上文“This program was a big success, but there have been others that failed. (这个项目取得了巨大的成功，但也有其他项目失败了。)”，根据后文“because of all the misery (不幸)”，说明放归Keiko的计划最终失败，因为Keiko不适应野外环境，备受痛苦，最终死了。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后，因为他经历了所有的不幸而去世了。A. led to导致；B. brought up养育；C. got over克服；D. went through经历。根据后文“because of all the misery (不幸)”，以及下文“The sudden environment change did not____13____him well.(它不太适应环境的突然变化。)”可知，此处是指海豚经历了很多不幸。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不太适应环境的突然变化。A. suit适应，适合；B. serve服务；C. defend防御；D. prepare 准备。由上句“For example, another dolphin, Keiko, returned into the ocean in 2002, but____11____a year later because of all the misery (不幸) he____12____. The sudden environment change did not____13____him well. (例如，另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后，因为他经历了所有的不幸而去世了。)”可知，海豚面对环境的突然变化，非常不适应，遭受了很多不幸。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想要避免这些事故，我们就必须竭尽全力，尽最大努力确保此类事件不再发生。A. tank坦克，水槽；B. time时间；C. water水；D. effort努力。根据前半句If people want to avoid these accidents可知，设空处所填的词应与go to great lengths含义一致；且根据下文中的ensure it doesn’t happen again可知，人们如果想要改变现状，就要为此付出努力。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术的兴起，仍然可以有很好的方法让孩子们与海洋动物一起娱乐，而不必捕捉海豚。A. inspire激励；B. treat对待；处理；C. entertain娱乐；D. change改变。根据第一段中“Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured (捕获) and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. (每年，世界各地的许多海豚被捕获并饲养在小水池中，为人们，尤其是为儿童表演。)”可知，捕获海豚是为了娱乐人们，尤其是为了小孩子。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The spreading COVID-19 has canceled several touring performances from top music artists. But recently, some of these musicians ___36___ （find）a new place to sing: their living rooms. John Legend, Bono, Pink and Keith Urban are among those who have all live-streamed（直播的）performances from their homes. On Tuesday, Legend sang for nearly an hour in a show ___37___ was live-streamed on Facebook and Instagram. "This is ___38___ cool way to connect with people and make them feel some kind of love," he said. Legend's performance was in support ___39___ the World Health Organization's（WHO）newly-launched（新发布的）online concert series "Together at Hone".
Others have came up with ___40___ （create）ways to communicate with people. Miley Cyrus started a daily Instagram live talk show, called "Bright Minded: Live with Miley", in order ___41___ （lift）people's spirits. Brandon Flowers posted a video of ___42___ （he）washing his hands while ___43___ （sing）his song "Mr. Brightside". Kevin O'Donnell said, "It's ___44___ （extreme）unbelievable to see artists coming together to come up with ways to bring___45___ （happy）to their fans given this crazy time that we're living in at the moment.
【答案】36. have found/found
37. that/which
38. a 39. of
40. creative
41. to lift
42. himself
43. singing
44. extremely
45. happiness
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了新冠肺炎的流行，一些音乐家通过在家里做直播来给粉丝带来快乐。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：但是最近，这些音乐家中的一些人找到了一个新的地方来演唱: 他们的起居室。根据时间状语recently，时态可以用现在完成时或一般过去时。结合句子主语some of these musicians为复数，所以助动词用have，故填have found/found。
2.考查定语从句。句意：周二，Legend在 “脸书”和“照片墙”上，现场直播的节目中演唱了近一个小时。分析句子可知，设空处及之后内容为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，修饰先行词 show，所以填关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
3.考查冠词。句意：他说：“这是一种很酷的方式来与人们交流，让他们感受到某种爱。”way“方式”为可数名词，根据句子主语this，为单数意义，所以此处表示一种方式，填不定冠词a。故填a。
4.考查介词。句意：Legend的演出是为了支持世界卫生组织新推出的在线音乐会系列《同一个世界：团结在家》。短语in support of，意为“支持......”，故填of。
5.考查形容词。句意：其他人想出了创造性的方法来与人交流。根据设空后的名词ways可知，此处要用形容词作定语来修饰名词。故填creative。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了鼓舞人心，麦莉 · 赛勒斯创办了一个每日 “照片墙” 直播脱口秀节目，名为“Bright Minded: Live with Miley”。短语in order to do，表示目的，意为“为了......，”，故填to lift。
7.考查反身代词。句意：Brandon flowers 上传了一段视频，视频中他一边洗手，一边唱着他的歌曲“ Mr. Brightside”。当宾语和主语表示同一人或物时，宾语要用反身代词。分析句子可知，设空处此处指的是他自己的视频，句子主语和宾语为同一人，所以此处要用反身代词himself。故填himself。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处sing的动作和wash的动作，在同一个时间发生；while为并列连词，意为“在......期间”，其后省略了he was ，所以此处用现在分词，故填singing。
9.考查副词。句意：Kevin o’ donnell 说：“考虑到我们现在生活在一个疯狂的时代，看到艺术家们聚在一起，想出办法给他们的粉丝带来快乐，真是难以置信。根据设空后的形容词unbelievable，此处要用副词修饰形容词。故填extremely。
10.考查名词。句意：Kevin o’ donnell 说：“考虑到我们现在生活在一个疯狂的时代，看到艺术家们聚在一起，想出办法给他们的粉丝带来快乐，真是难以置信。设空前为动词，此处要用名词作宾语。故填happiness。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节: 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，由于互联网已成为大家获取信息，互动交流的重要平台，为抵制不文明网络行为，创造良好的网络环境，请你围绕“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”向全校学生写一封英语倡议书，内容包括：
1. 倡议原因； 2. 如何文明上网。
注意∶
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】A.
Dear fellow students,
Nowadays, we have quick and easy access to information and communicate/interact with each other via/through the Internet. However, the virtual world has also become a hotbed for uncivilized behaviors such as online bully or fraud (cheating/abuse/gossip/rumor/scandal). Therefore, I call upon/appeal to all students to surf the Internet in a civilized manner.
Here is how. Firstly, we need to use polite words such as ‘thank you, sorry to trouble, please,’ etc. on a regular basis to show others our respect and good online conducts. Secondly, use officially registered websites rather than unauthorized ones to keep online fishing or cheating at bay. Thirdly, once we spot any vulgar (obscene) or anti-social content, report it timely to the police or surveillance organizations so as to foster/promote a clean and unpolluted online environment.
Thanks for your cooperation.
Li Hua
B. 官方范文：
Dear fellow students,
Nowadays the Internet has become an important platform for information and communication. In order to get rid of the ill manners online and make a good network environment, I do hope all of you can be civilized and responsible netizens in the following ways.
First, when communicating with others online, you are expected to show due respect. Second, watch out for warning signs when visiting a website to avoid spreading virus. Last, saying no to any pirated recordings makes sense.
Let’s join our efforts to build a harmonious online community!
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”为主题，向全校写一封倡议书，内容包括倡议的原因和如何文明上网的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→critical
当心：watch out for→be cautious about
共同努力：join our efforts→work together
建立：build→establish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last, saying no to any pirated recordings makes sense.
拓展句：Last, it makes sense that we say no to any pirated recordings.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, when communicating with others online, you are expected to show due respect. （运用了状语从句的省略）
【高分句型2】I do hope all of you can be civilized and responsible netizens in the following ways.（运用了do强调谓语）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Whoa! What are you doing? ” I asked, shocked.
I had just walked into my daughter’s room as she was working on a science project. Normally, I would have been pleased at such a sight. But this time, her project needed sand, a lot of it. And, while she had put some plastic below her work area, it wasn’t nearly enough. The sand was spreading all over our newly decorated floors.
My daughter, who immediately felt my displeasure, began to defend herself. “I used plastic!” she responded angrily.
I reacted more angrily, “But the sand is getting all over!”
“Where else am I supposed to do it?” she yelled.
Why won’t she admit (承认) when she’s done something wrong? I thought to myself. I felt my fear, projecting into the future: What would her life look like if she couldn’t admit her mistakes?
My fear translated into more anger, this time about how important it was for her to admit mistakes, and we began to argue. She said something that felt disrespectful to me and I raised my voice. It started to get out of control. This scene had happened in my family over and over again, a hysterical (歇斯底里的) daughter and a yelling mom. It usually started with unrealized expectations and ended in anger, frustration (挫败), sadness, and loss of confidence on both sides.
I tried my best to calm down, but somehow I stormed out of her room. Just at the moment, her door shut heavily behind me. How could she do this to me! So angry was I that I decided to give her a lesson. When my husband came back from work, seeing the look on my face, he figured out what had happened almost at once. “A rough fight again?” Eddie asked. After hearing the whole thing, he said gently “Have you ever thought that maybe you should have given her a chance to explain the situation before you lost your temper?” His words set me thinking, I began to reflect on my behaviors.
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, I heard footsteps coming.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I couldn’t believe what I just heard.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Just then, I heard footsteps coming. I knew it was my daughter, but I kept turning my back to her because I was still so angry. “Mom, I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have snapped at you,” my daughter whispered and approached me. “I was wrong. Next time I’ll be careful not to scatter sand or plastic on the floor.” Standing right behind me, she continued, “But I hope you’ll give me a chance to explain myself. Let’s just settle this calmly. I don’t want to make you angry.”
I couldn’t believe what I just heard. I couldn’t help crying and regretted what I had just done. I wiped my eyes, turned around, took my daughter’s hand and said, “Moms shouldn’t get mad at you without listening to your explanation. I will learn to control myself in the future.” With that, I hugged my daughter and my husband looked at us with a smile.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和女儿常常为一些小事而大声争论。这天作者因为女儿做科学实验时把沙子弄在了新铺的地板上再一次情绪失控，夺门而出，想着等丈夫后来后给女儿一个教训。丈夫回来后建议作者反思一下自己的行为。
【详解】1.段落续写。
①根据第一段首句“就在这时，我听到了脚步声”可知，下文可描写女儿走近作者时说了些什么。
②根据第二段首句“我简直不敢相信我听到的”可知，下文可描写作者听了女儿话后的反应。
2.续写线索
听到脚步声——女儿靠近——承认错误，表达心声——不敢相信自己所听——感触——回应女儿
3.词类激活
行为类
①低声说：whisper/say...in a low voice
②撒：scatter/cast/splash
③解决：settle/solve
④情不自禁做某事：can’t help doing sth./can’t help but do sth.
情绪类
①生气的：angry/annoyed
②哭泣：cry/sob
【点睛】[高分句型1]I knew it was my daughter, but I kept turning my back to her because I was still so angry. （运用了because引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]I couldn’t help crying and regretted what I had just done.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
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