2023年仁爱版英语八年级上册单元总结练习（词性、短语、句子）专题03 Unit3（解析版）

这是一份2023年仁爱版英语八年级上册单元总结练习（词性、短语、句子）专题03 Unit3（解析版），共11页。

Unit3
一．词汇拓展
1.collect(v.)收集，搜集→________(n.)收藏品，收集物→________(n.)收集人；收藏家
2．hate(v.)厌恶，讨厌；仇恨→________(反义词)(v.)爱，喜爱
3．silly(adj.)愚蠢的；不明事理的→________(近义词)(adj.)愚蠢的；笨的
4．cut(v.)剪，切，割→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)
5．lazy(adj.)懒惰的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)→________(n.)懒惰
6．clean(adj.)干净的→________(反义词)(adj.)肮脏的，污秽的
7．lend(v.)借给，借出→________(过去式)
8．violin(n.)小提琴→________(n.)小提琴家
9．quickly(adv.)很快地，迅速地→ ________(adj.)快的；快速的；时间短暂的
They didn't reach the hospital ________(quick) enough because of traffic jams.
10．wonder(n.)奇才；奇迹；惊奇→________(adj.)令人惊奇的
We had a ________(wonder) time in Spain.
11．peace(n.)宁静，平静，和平→________(adj.)和平的
The animals look ________(peace) and happy.
12．culture(n.)文化，文明→________(adj.)文化的；文明的
13．own(adj.)自己的，本人的　拥有，有(v.)→________(n.)主人，物主
14．agree(v.)同意，应允→________(n.)(意见或看法)一致；同意
15．useful(adj.)有用的→________(反义词)(adj.)无用的→________(v.)重新使用；再用
He tried to work, but it was ________(use)．
16．match(n.)火柴；比赛；竞赛→________(复数)
17.sell(v.)卖出；出售；转让→________(过去式)→________(n.)特价销售；出售→________(反义词)(v.)购买；买→________(过去式)
18．beat(v.)打，击打；(在比赛中)打败(某人)→________(过去式)
19．burn(v.)燃烧；烧毁→________(过去式)→________(adj.)着火的；燃烧的
20．dead (adj.)死的→________(v.)消失；灭亡；死亡→________(n.)死亡→________(adj.)即将死亡的
21．wake(v.)醒来；弄醒，唤醒→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)→________(adj.)醒着的
I ________(wake) up early this morning.
22．factory(n.)工厂→________(复数)
He owned several furniture ________(factory) in New York.
23．comfort(n.)安慰；舒服→________(adj.)舒适的；舒服的→________(反义词)不舒服的
The chair is very ________(comfortable). I need to change one.
【答案】
1.collection　collector　2.love　3.stupid/foolish4.cut　cutting　5.lazier　laziest　laziness　6.dirty7.lent　
8.violinist　9.quick　quickly　10.wonderful wonderful　11.peaceful　peaceful　12.cultural13.owner　
14.agreement　15.useless　reuse　useless16．matches　17.sold　sale　buy　bought18．beat　　
19.burnt/burned　burning20.die　death　dying　21.woke　　waking　awake　woke
22.factories　factories　23.comfortable　uncomfortable uncomfortable
二．重点词组

1. 过去常常做某事 _____________________
2. 对……感兴趣 _____________________
3. 建立；创立 _____________________
4. 与某人看法一致 _____________________
5. 做户外活动 _____________________
6. 与某人分享某物 _____________________
7. 教某人做某事 _____________________
8. 饲养宠物 _____________________
9. 学会做某事 _____________________
10. 洗澡 _____________________
11. 以……著名 _____________________
12. 做鬼脸 _____________________
13. 嘲笑 _____________________

【答案】
1.used to do sth. 2. be interested in 3. set up 4. agree with sb. 5. outdoor activities
6. share sth. with sb. 7. teach sb. to do sth. 8. keep pets 9. learn to do sth. 10. take a bath
11. be famous for 12. make faces 13. laugh at
三．重点句子
1.________ your ________？你的爱好是什么？
2．________ ________ go out and do some outdoor activities？为什么不出去做一些户外活动呢？
3．________ I ________ a change.我可能需要一个改变。
4．I ________ ________ ________ acting.我喜欢表演。
5．________ beautiful stamps！多么漂亮的邮票啊！
6．I ________ ________ ________ baseball cards.我过去常常收集棒球卡。
7．________ ________ you ________ ________ ________ this Sunday evening？你这个周日晚上要做什么呢？
8．________ ________ ________ ________ three, he ________ ________ ________ play the piano by himself. 在他三岁的时候，他就能自己弹钢琴了。
9．He learned ________ quickly ________ his father was very happy.他学得如此快，他父亲很开心。
10．Different kinds of music ________ them ________．不同类型的音乐使他们开心。
11．________ ________ ________， please.请别挂电话。
12．________ it interesting？它难道没趣吗？
13．A poor little girl ________ still ________ in the streets with no shoes.一个贫穷的小女孩赤脚在街道上走着。
【答案】
1.What's　hobby　2.Why not　3.Maybe　need4.am fond of　5.What　6.used to collect7.What are　going to do　8.At the age of　was able to9.so　that　10.make　happy11.Hold the line　12.Isn't　13.was　walking
四．知识拓展
1. 感叹句结构
【课文原句】What beautiful stamps！多么漂亮的邮票啊！
(1)what引导的感叹句
①What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)!
What a nice gift it is！它是一件多么漂亮的礼物啊！
②What＋adj.＋可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)!
What beautiful socks they are！多么漂亮的袜子啊！
③What＋adj.＋不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)!
What nice weather it is！天气多好啊！
(2)how引导的感叹句
How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
How pretty the dragon boats are！多么漂亮的龙舟啊！

2. 辨析与used to相关的短语
【课文原句】I used to collect baseball cards.我过去常常收集棒球卡。
【辨析】与used to相关的短语
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(to为动词不定式符号)
be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)
be used to do sth.
(be used for doing sth.) 被用来做某事(动词不定式作目的状语；for短语表示用途)
be used as sth. 被用作……(as意为“作为”)
be used by sb. 被某人使用(by后是动作的执行者)
He used to get up at 7 o'clock.他过去常常七点起床。
Are you used to the life in the south of China？你习惯中国南方的生活吗？
The machine is used to cut things.＝The machine is used for cutting things.这台机器是用来切割东西的。
English is used as a foreign language in China.在中国，英语被用作一门外语。
Smartphones are used by many people all over the world.全世界许多人都使用智能手机。

3. provide的用法
【课文原句】All pets provide their owners with love and comfort in their lives.所有的宠物给他们的主人在生活中提供爱与安慰。
provide意为“提供”，常构成provide sb. with sth.和provide sth. for sb., 同义短语：offer sb. sth.。
The hospital provides patients with the best medical care.＝
The hospital provides the best medical care for patients.这家医院为病人提供最好的医疗服务。

4. wonder的用法
【课文原句】Mozart——the Wonder Boy.莫扎特——天才男孩
(1)wonder作动词，意为“想知道”，其后经常跟宾语从句，相当于want to know用于礼貌地提问或请人做某事。
I wonder if we could hold the evening party on time.我想知道我们能不能准时开晚会。
(2)wonder也可作可数名词，意为“奇迹”。其形容词形式是wonderful，意为“奇妙的”。
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon is one of the seven wonders of the world.巴比伦空中花园是世界七大奇迹之一。

5.“so...that...”句型
【课文原句】He learned so quickly that his father was so happy.他学得如此快，他父亲很开心。
so... that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”。so为副词，修饰形容词或副词；that后跟从句。其句型结构主要有：

【拓展】such... that...也作“如此……以至于……”讲，但such后面要用名词。其结构如下：


6. dead的用法
【课文原句】On the morning of the new year, the girl was lying against the wall, dead．在新年的早晨，那个女孩躺在墙边，死了。
(1)dead作形容词，意为“死的；失去生命的”。
My father has been dead for ten years.我父亲已经去世10年了。
We should cut down the dead trees.我们应该砍掉那些死树。
dead 形容词，意为“死的”，用来作表语或定语 Though he is dead, he is still alive in our heart.尽管他死了，但他仍然活在我们心中。
die 不及物动词，是非延续性动词
The poor man died three years ago.那个可怜的人3年前去世了。
death 名词，意为“死亡”
His death made us very sad.他的死让我们很伤心。
dying die的现在分词，也可用作形容词，表示“垂死的；要死的”，常用作定语
The doctor tried to save the dying boy.那个医生努力抢救这个生命垂危的男孩。
7.The telephone rings while Jane is practicing the violin.
(1) 此处while = when 意为 “当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。
拓展：when 与 while 区别

延续性动词（表示一段时间）【从句用进行时】

when +
短暂性动词（表示一个时间点）【从句用一般过去时或一般现在时】
while + 延续性动词【从句用进行时】
While / When I was having supper, someone knocked at the door.
When you leave the room, please turn off the lights.

the +西洋乐器
(2) practice / play +
球类
8.I think classical music is pleasant.
pleasant 形容词 “令人愉快的，舒适的”
辨别：

please 动词，“请；使高兴”

pleasant 形容词，作定语时，意为“令人愉快的”，一般用来修饰事物；
作表语时，句子的主语一般是事物。
pleased 形容词，人做主语，be pleased to do sth; be pleased with sb./sth.，一般做表语
pleasure 名词，It’s my pleasure（回答别人的感谢）；with pleasure（乐意帮助别人）
9. At one o’clock, everyone stopped working.

stop doing sth. “停止做某事” （停止正在做的事）
stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”（停下目前做的事去做另一件事）
拓展：stop sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”
4. I can lend you some CDs of her songs.

lend “借给别人” lend sb. sth. 或 lend sth. to sb. → 过去式lent
borrow “向别人借” borrow sth. from sb.
keep “保持，保留” 延续性动词 keep + 一段时间，回答how long引导的特殊疑问句中

基础达标
一、经典句型
1. beautiful stamps!
2. C stamps must be great fun!
3. --What are your h ?
--I u to enjoy listening to rock music but now I love collecting paintings and telephone cards.
4. --- Where did you u to go swimming? --- I used to swim in the pond in front of my house.
5. --- What are you going to do this Sunday evening? --- I’m going to a c .
6. It s beautiful!
7. Which kind of m instrument can you play?
8. --- I enjoy the music. It is very sweet and p ! --- I agree with you. / I don’t agree.
9. --- What were you doing at this time yesterday? --- I was doing some w .
二．完成句子
1．My uncle often took a walk here in the past.(改为同义句)
My uncle ________ ________ take a walk here.
2．The restaurant provides workers with healthy food.(改为同义句)
The restaurant ________ healthy food ________ workers.
3．I am too tired to walk any farther.(改为同义句)
I am ________ tired ________ I can't walk any farther.
4．这首曲子太动听了，我永远不会忘记它。(完成译句)
It is ________ a beautiful piece of music ________ I will never forget it.
5．我将叫醒Ted，他已经睡了一个小时了。(完成译句)
I'll ________ ________ Ted. He has been asleep for an hour.


二、中考链接
一．单项填空
1.—I called you at 4：00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I ________with my friends at that time.
A．swim　 B．swam C．will swim D．was swimming
2 —Dad, why should I stop ________ computer games?
—For your health, my boy.
A．to play　　 B．Playing C．Play
3.—Do you think ________ Xiaoming can pass the high school entrance exam or not?
—Sorry, I've no idea.
A．that B．If C．whether D．weather
二、完成句子
1．他们观点不一致。
They don't ________ ________ each other.
2．他在购物中心又买了三本书给他的朋友们。
He bought ________ ________ books for his friends in the shopping center.
3．你能借给我一支笔吗？我的落在家里了。
Could you ________ a pen ________ me? I have left my pen at home.
4．—How can we build up the ________(友谊) with them? —By helping each other.
5．He ________(付款) 350 yuan for this pair of sunglasses yesterday.

三．完形填空
No one can imagine what will happen in the future. According to IBM, computer will see, taste, smell, feel and hear things better in the next few years.
Can you feel your clothes on your computer when shopping online? This could be possible in five years. But that's just one of the__1__ that computer can do. It can also do other things that you can't even __2__.
It is amazing. IBM says computers will soon be able to give us information about the sounds they __3__. For example, a new computer may tell the parents why their baby is crying. __4__ the baby's sound, you know whether your child is sick or just feels lonely. That kind of information will be __5__ to parents.
It has other functions. For example, computers will also help to __6__ your health in another way. If you blow on your computer, it will __7__ your breath. Then it can tell you __8__ you need to see a doctor. It can give you an alarm and say, “Hey, you may not feel sick yet, but you will soon do. You must go and see your doctor as soon as possible.” IBM scientists are also developing a computer that can give good __9__ on what you should eat. It will be able to help make better food. The food will taste delicious. It can also be the best for __10__ health.
Mark, a computer scientist at Georgetown University, says a future computer will make what now seems like science fiction a part of the daily life. All we can do is to wait patiently for that day.
1. A. things　 B. problems　 C. opinions　 D. ideas
2. A. work B. explain C. imagine D. express
3. A. tell B. hear C. see D. meet
4. A. About B. From C. With D. Around
5. A. careful B. friendly C. useful D. peaceful
6. A. know about B. talk about C. look about D. worry about
7. A. recognize B. prevent C. create D. bring
8. A. when B. whether C. though D. unless
9. A. plans B. advice C. trouble D. smile
10. A. my B. your C. his D. her

四．
New Zealand is the capital of the world for penguins (企鹅). So, it is the best 1 to see these lovely animals. In May, 2009, there was a Penguathlon --- a 2 of Penguin Olympics. It gave people nice 3 (chance) to get close to penguins.
There were five events at the Penguin Olympic Games. And all the games were held 4 the real (真实的) ice. The King Penguin team 5 against the Gentoo penguin team. The games were quite 6 ['ɪntrəstɪŋ] and wonderful.
Some 7 (visit) also took part in their own special penguin games. The host asked them to 8 (wear) big penguin feet to run in the relay race. It made people feel very happy. They thought the Penguathlon was very funny and also kept themselves h 9 at the same time.
The Penguathlon was very 10 ['pɒpjʊlə] with people. They hoped to hold it every year.
五．短文填空
An old farmer lived with his grandson. Every morning, the grandfather got up early and read books. One day the grandson asked, “Grandpa! I try to read books like you. 1.________， I can't understand it, and I forget it easily.”
The grandfather said, “Take this coal(煤炭) basket to the 2.________ and bring me a basket of water.” The boy did as his grandfather said, but all the water was gone 3.________ he got home. The grandfather laughed, “You'll have to move faster next time.” This time the boy ran faster, but the same thing 4.________. He thought it was difficult to carry water in a basket. And he wanted to show his grandfather that the water would surely run. He again put the basket 5.________ the river and ran hard. But there wasn't anything in it again. He said sadly, “Look, Grandpa, it's useless.”
“6.________ the basket，” said the grandfather.
For the first time the boy realized the basket was different... It changed from a dirty old coal basket into a 7.________ one.
“Boy, you may not understand or remember anything when you read the book, but when you read it, you will be 8.________， that's what you got from it.”

一．What Collecting hobbies used use concert sounds musical pleasant washing
二．1.used to　2.provides; for　3.so; that4．such; that　5.wake up
中考链接
一．
1【答案】D
【解析】考查过去进行时。句意为“对不起，我那时正在和朋友游泳”。
2【答案】B
【解析】 stop doing sth 表示“停止做某事”。
3【答案】C
【解析】 whether…or not 意为“是否”。
二．agree with ， another three ，lend to ，friendship ， paid
三．【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了未来电脑的功能。文中提到了未来电脑可以辨别声音、了解人们的健康状况及给人们一些建议等等。
1. 【答案】A
　【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是这仅仅是电脑可以做的________之一。things事情；problems问题；opinions观点；ideas想法。此处表达这只是电脑所能做的事情之一。故选A。
2. 【答案】C
　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它甚至还可以做其他一些超乎你________的事情。work运作；explain解释；imagine想象；express表达。根据句意可知电脑能做的事情很多，有些是你想象不到的。故选C。
3. 【答案】 B
　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：IBM说电脑不久将给我们一些关于它们能够________声音的信息。tell 告诉；hear听到； see看到；meet遇见。声音一般用听到来表达。故选B。
4. 【答案】B
　【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：________婴儿的哭声，你可以知道你的孩子是否生病了或者仅仅只是觉得孤独。About关于；From从；With用，和…….一起； Around周围。根据语境可知此处表达“从孩子的声音中”，故选B。
5. 【答案】 C
　【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那种信息对父母将是________。careful仔细的，小心的；friendly友好的；useful有用的；peaceful和平的。根据前句“可知孩子是否生病或孤独”可知那种信息这对父母来说是有用的，故选C。
6. 【答案】A
　【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，电脑也将用另一种方式帮你________你的健康。know about知道，了解；talk about谈论；look about 环顾四周； worry about担心。根据文章内容和所给选项可知，此处指“知道，了解”，故选A。
7. 【答案】 A
　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你对着电脑呼吸，电脑将________你的气息。recognize认出；prevent阻止；create 创造；bring带来。根据后一句它将告诉你是否需要去看医生可知，电脑能够辨认出你的气息，故选A。
8. 【答案】B
　【解析】考查从属连词词义辨析。句意：然后它会告诉你你________需要去看医生。when何时；whether是否；though尽管；unless除非。联系上下文可知此处表示电脑能告诉你是否需要看医生。故选B。
9. 【答案】B
　【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：IBM的科学家也在开发可以给出关于你应该吃什么的好的________的电脑。plans计划；advice建议；trouble麻烦；smile微笑。根据语境及选项可知是给出好的“建议”，故选B。
10. 【答案】 B
　【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：对于________健康，它也可以是最好的选择。my我的；your你的，你们的；his他的；her她的。本文整体上使用了第二人称，此处表达它对你的健康也是最好的选择，应用your。故选B。
四
【答案】1.place 2. kind 3. chance 4. on 5. played
6. interesting 7. visitors 8. wear 9. healthy 10. popular


五.【答案】1.However　2.river　3.when　4.happened　5.into6．Watch　7.clean　8.different