2023年湖南省株洲市中考英语真题（含解析）

这是一份2023年湖南省株洲市中考英语真题（含解析），共16页。

株洲市2023年初中学业水平考试
英语试题卷
一：语法填空
1. China launched (发射) Shenzhou-16 manned space ship successfully ________ May 30, 2023.
A. at B. on C. in
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：2023年5月30日，中国成功发射神州十六号载人飞船。
考查介词辨析。at在，后接具体的时间点；on在，后接具体的某一天；in在，后接年、月等时间段。根据“May 30, 2023”可知2023年5月30日是具有的一天，应用介词on。故选B。
2. The toy truck ________ belong to Jane’s little brother. He was the only little kid at the picnic.
A. must B. can’t C. could
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个玩具卡车一定属于Jane的弟弟。他是来野餐的唯一一个小孩。
考查情态动词辨析。must一定；can’t不会；could可能。根据“He was the only little kid at the picnic.”可知玩具卡车是小孩玩具，Jane的弟弟是唯一的小孩，一定是他的，表示肯定的推测用must。故选A。
3. ________ beautiful day! Let’s take a walk by the lake.
A. What B. What a C. How
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：多么美好的一天！让我们在湖边散步吧。
考查感叹句。根据“…beautiful day!”可知原句是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数day，beautiful以辅音音素开头，应用感叹句结构：what a+adj.+n.+主谓。故选B。
4. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought ________ closer together.
A we B. us C. our
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然暴风雨把许多东西分开了，但它使我们走得更近了。
考查代词辨析。we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格，故选B。
5. Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character.
A. what B. who C. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：今天的中国是一个保持这种民族性的国家。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“a country”，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
6. Panda Ya Ya ________ back to Beijing about three weeks ago.
A. was brought B. is brought C. brought
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：熊猫丫丫大约三周前被带回北京。
考查被动语态。主语“Panda Ya Ya”与动词bring是被动关系，结合“three weeks ago”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。
7. When my friend called me yesterday, I ________ my mom in the kitchen.
A. helped B. is helping C. was helping
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当我的朋友昨天给我打电话的时候，我正在厨房帮我妈妈。
考查过去进行时。根据“When my friend called me yesterday”可知在描述昨天朋友给我打电话时，我在做的事情，主句应用过去进行时，故选C。
8. ChatGPT is one of ________ applications these days.
A. hot B. hotter C. the hottest
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：ChatGPT是最近最热门的应用程序之一。
考查形容词最高级。根据“ChatGPT is one of...applications these days.”可知，此处是“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故选C。
9. Today, we must continue working ________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：今天，我们必须继续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。
考查非谓语动词。根据“our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear”可知蓝天、碧水、净土是继续工作的目的，空格处应用动词不定式表目的。故选B。
10. My parents are happy that I often ________ my little sister at home.
A. look after B. look for C. look up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我父母很高兴我经常在家照顾我的小妹妹。
考查动词短语辨析。look after照顾；look for寻找；look up查询。根据“My parents are happy that I often…my little sister at home”可知，经常在家照顾妹妹所以让父母开心，故选A。
二：完形填空
Harry. Who owned a boat, lived near the sea with his family. They made a living by ____11____. One day, he asked a painter to paint his boat.
While the painter was painting, he found there was a hole at the bottom of the boat, and he decided to ____12____ it. When he finished his work as Harry asked him, he got his money and left.
Several days later, Harry came to the painter and gave him some money which was much more than the payment for painting. The painter didn’t know ____13____ and said, “You’ve already paid me for painting the boat!”
“It is not for the painting, ____14____ for having repaired the hole!” Harry said.
“It’s just a small service. Certainly you ____15____ pay me so much for something unimportant.” said the painter.
“My friend, you don’t understand what I mean. Let me tell you what happened. My ____16____ took the boat and went on a fishing trip yesterday. When I noticed they had taken the boat, I was extremely (极其) ____17____. I remembered the boat had a hole that hadn’t been repaired yet. I forgot to tell them about it. You can’t imagine how happy I was when I saw them walking ____18____ safe and sound. Then I checked the boat and found you had repaired the hole. It was ____19____ saved my children’s lives!” Harry said with excitement.
Just repair the “hole” you find. Small acts of kindness can make a ____20____ difference.
11. A. cooking B. teaching C. fishing
12. A. repair B. paint C. protect
13. A. what B. why C. when
14. A. but B. and C. so
15. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t
16. A. friends B. neighbors C. children
17. A. excited B. happy C. worried
18. A. into B. out of C. along
19. A. you B. he C. we
20. A. small B. big C. bad
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个油漆匠在给船主的船上油漆时，发现了一个洞，于是他顺手将洞补好，正是这个小小的举动救了船主孩子们的命。从这个故事告诉我们：小小的善举可以带来很大的不同。
【11题详解】
句意：他们以捕鱼为生。
cooking做饭；teaching教；fishing钓鱼。根据“Who owned a boat”及“made a living by”可知，是靠出海捕鱼为生，故选C。
【12题详解】
句意：他决定修理它。
repair修理；paint绘画；protect保护。根据“there was a hole at the bottom of the boat”可知，想要修理这个洞，故选A。
【13题详解】
句意：油漆匠不知道为什么并说。
what什么；why为什么；when何时。根据“You’ve already paid me for painting the boat”可知，已经支付过为船喷漆的费用了，所以不明白为什么还要给钱，故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：不是为了画这幅画，而是为了修补这个洞！
but但是；and和；so因此。not…but“不是……而是”，固定搭配，故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：当然，你不必为一些无关紧要的事情付给我这么多钱。
needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能。根据“It’s just a small service”及“pay me so much for something unimportant”可知，只是一件小小的事，不必付这么多钱，故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：我的孩子们昨天乘船去钓鱼了。
friends朋友；neighbors邻居；children孩子们。根据“the boat saved my children’s lives”可知，是孩子们把船开走了，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：当我注意到他们把船开走时，我非常担心。
excited兴奋的；happy开心的；worried担心的。根据“I remembered the boat had a hole that hadn’t been repaired yet. I forgot to tell them about it”可知，记得船上有个洞，但是忘记交代孩子们了，所以看到孩子们把船开走了，很担心他们的安全，故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：你无法想象当我看到他们安然无恙地走出来时我有多高兴。
into到……里面；out of离开；along沿着。根据“You can’t imagine how happy I was when I saw them walking … safe and sound”可知，孩子们安全无恙地回来，因此而感到开心，walk out of safe and sound“安全无恙地走出”，故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：是你救了我孩子的命！
you你；he他；we我们。根据前文描述可知，因为油漆匠在给船喷油漆时，就顺手把船上的洞给补了，这才救了船长的孩子们的命，所以此处指“你救了孩子的命”，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：小小的善举可以带来很大的不同。
small小的；big大的；bad差的。因为油漆匠小小的善举，救了孩子们的命，说明是带来了很大的不同，故选B。
三：阅读技能
A
LIGMTHOUSE OF DUMPLINGS 11 Main Street
----------------------------------------------- 601602603
Address: 16 center street
Telephone number: 22168601
Dumplings: 12 beef dumplings & 10 cabbage dumplings
Dishes: gongbao chicken, fish and mapo toufu
Soup: L M S
Drinks: coffee coke tea
21. Lighthouse of Dumplings is at ________.
A. 16 Center street B. 11 main street C. 11 New street
22. How many dumplings does the man order?
A. 10. B. 12. C. 22
【答案】21. B 22. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一份订餐的信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“11 Main Street”可知，店在主街11号，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Dumplings: 12 beef dumplings & 10 cabbage dumplings”可知，这个人一共点了22个饺子，故选C。
B
An interesting school trip for you
Students
Grade 7
Grade 8
Grade 9
Places
Youxian
Liling
Yanling
Dates
June 2nd
May 23 rd
April 10th
Activities
camp by the lake
go boating
catch fish
visit the museum
climb the mountains
cook delicious food
visit Yan Emperor Park
plant vegetables
pick tea leaves

23. Where will the students in Grade 9 go for the school trip?
A. Youxian. B. Liling. C. Yanling.
24. The students in Grade 7 will start their trip on ________.
A. June 2nd B. May 23 rd C. April 10th
25. What will the students in Grade 8 do?
A. Go boating. B. Visit the museum. C. Pick tea leaves.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍一次有趣的学校旅行。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Grade 9 Yanling”可知，九年级的学生去炎陵，故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Grade 7 June 2nd”可知，七年级的学生将于6月2日开始他们的旅行，故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Grade 8 visit the museum climb the mountains cook delicious food”可知，八年级的学生要参观博物馆、爬山以及做美味的食物，故选B。
C
The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring down our backs and faces. We stood still without making any noise all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
It was something most junior high schools give to new Junior One students-military (军事的) training. We spent four days in a closed environment. Although we couldn’t go home at night and the training was strict and difficult, our humorous young sergeant (教官) was a real pleasure of our days. We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and listened to him telling true stories about his life. He gave us the feeling that sunlight and sweat were not the only things that military training offered.
After this journey, we were stronger than we had imagined and we were much braver than we had expected. Students who looked pale rested for a little while, then right away came back to the team. Students who were late rushed to the playground at once and began to run. Sweat poured down our faces, but we didn’t care about it at all.
Military training taught us to be brave and strong and never to give up. On the last day of our training, the confidence could be seen on our faces. We shouted so loud that our voices could be heard across the sky. With eyes like burning fire, we walked into the future. Now the sun is smiling at all of us.
26. Although all of the students were ________, everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
A. noisy B. tired C. sleepy
27. How long did the military training last?
A. 3 days. B. 4 days. C. 5 days.
28. What didn’t the students do during the training according to the passage?
A. They sang songs. B. They listened to stories. C. They watched movies.
29. What does the word “it” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Being late. B. Running. C. Sweat pouring.
30. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Our Military Training B. A Humorous Sergeant C. Junior One School Life
【答案】26. B 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍自己参加初中军训的经历和感受。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We stood still without making any noise, all hot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees.”可知，我们站着不动，不出声，又热又累。但每个人都像树一样笔直地站着。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We spent four days in a closed environment.”可知，军训持续4天，故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and listened to him telling true stories about his life.”可知，我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑，坐成一排唱着不同的歌，听他讲述自己生活中的真实故事。没有提到看电影，故选C。
【29题详解】
代词指代题。根据“Sweat poured down our faces, but we didn’t care about it at all.”可知，汗水从我们脸上流下来，但我们一点也不在乎。此处it指的是流汗，故选C。
【30题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要是介绍自己参加初中军训的经历和感受，故选A。
D
There were actors performing Qinqiang Opera at the Tang Paradise on February 5th, 2023. Tang Paradise, located in the south of Xi’an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty. Qinqiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province, is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. According to historical records, the local opera dates all the way back to the Qin Dynasty (221BC-207BC). Qinqiang Opera is a reflection of ancient Chinese people’s daily life and feelings.
However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the 1990s. During this difficult time, many Qinqiang Opera actors had no choice but to leave the opera stage where they performed. They then took on several jobs to make a living, including working as businessmen, running clothing shops and acting in small film roles.
Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It has a great influence on the development of Qinqiang Opera. About ten years ago, the audiences were mostly old people. Now lots of young audiences pour in and Qinqiang Opera performances are warmly welcomed. The member of young performers has increased as well.
The revival of Qinqiang Opera was not only attracted more young actors and audiences but also reflected the country’s cultural development.
31. Which of the following is TRUE about the Tang Paradise?
A. It’s in the north of Xi’an
B. It’s a large cultural theme park.
C. It shows the lifestyle of the Qin Dynasty.
32. Qinqiang Opera came from ________.
A. the ancient folk songs and dances
B. pop music and Western music
C. country music and dances
33. Qinqiang Opera was deeply influenced by the development of pop and Western music ________.
A. in the 1970s B. in the 1980s C. in the 1990s
34. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Qinqiang Opera?
A. Qinqiang Opera is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China.
B. Qinqaing Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2023.
C. Now Qinqiang Opera performances are welcomed by lots of young audiences.
35. The passage mainly talks about ________.
A. the Tang Paradise B. Qinqiang Opera C. pop and Western music
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍秦腔。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Tang Paradise, located in the south of Xi’an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty.”可知，大唐芙蓉园位于西安市南部，是一座展示唐代生活方式的大型文化主题公园。故选B。

【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Qinqiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province”可知，秦腔源于陕甘两省古老的民间歌舞，故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the 1990s.”可知，20世纪90年代，流行音乐和西方音乐的发展对秦腔产生了深远的影响。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006.”可知，2006年，秦腔被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍秦腔，故选B。
E
Take care of your plants! They may “shout” if you treat them badly.
Plants can make sounds when they are stressed, according to a recent study. “Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time, so it would be very inconvenient for plants not to use sound at all.” Lilach Hadany, co-author (合著者) of the study, told Science Focus.
With this in mind, the research team started by recording plants’ sounds. They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment. Several ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) were then put near the plants, which can record between 20 and 250 kilohertz (千赫兹). A human adult’s ear can hear about 16 kilohertz. There were three groups of plants: One group wasn’t watered for five days, another group had some parts cut off and the last group was untouched. The microphones caught sounds from 40 to 80 kilohertz from the first two groups. The sound, which was similar to the noise of popcorn popping grew louder and louder during the five days of water stress. They then began to become weaker and weaker as the plants dried out. A stressed plan produced the popping sound around 30 to 50 times per hour, while the untouched group only produced around once per hour, according to the study.
36. Plants use ________ to communicate with animals all the time according to the study.
A. sound B. smell C. light
37. What does the underlined word “soundproof” mean?
A. 发出声音的 B. 隔离声音的 C. 吸收声音的
38. A human adult’s ear can hear about ________.
A. 16 kilohertz B. 20 kilohertz C. 250 Kilohertz
39. According to the study, the untouched group of the plants produced the popping sound around ________.
A. 40 to 80 times per hour B. 30 to 60 times per hour C. once per hour
40 What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Plants can make sounds.
B. How to take care of your plants.
C. The team made machine-learning applications.
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了根据研究证明，植物在受到压力时可以发出声音，并具体介绍了研究的内容和过程以及结果。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time”可知，植物一直用声音与动物交流，故选A。
37题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment”可知，把这两种植物放在能隔绝环境中的噪音的盒子里，由此可推断这个盒子是隔音的，故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A human adult’s ear can hear about 16 kilohertz”可知，成年人的耳朵可以听到大约16千赫兹的声音，故选A。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“while the untouched group only produced around once per hour”可知，而未接触的那组每小时只产生一次，故选C。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“Plants can make sounds when they are stressed, according to a recent study”及全文的内容可知，本文主要介绍了根据研究证明，植物在受到压力时可以发出声音，故选A。
四：翻译
41. 这儿有些建议来帮助你们改掉这个坏习惯。
____________________________________________
【答案】Here are some suggestions which can help you get rid of the bad habit.
【解析】
【详解】这儿有些建议Here are some suggestions，which引导定语从句，can help you可以帮助你们，get rid of the bad habit改掉这个坏习惯。故填Here are some suggestions which can help you get rid of the bad habit.
42. Every coin has two sides.
____________________________________________
【答案】凡事都有两面性。
【解析】
【详解】every coin“每一枚硬币”；has“有”；two sides“两面”，这句话是一句谚语，引申出来的意思是“凡事都有两面性。”，故填：凡事都有两面性。
43. Accept that there’s nothing perfect in the world.
____________________________________________
【答案】接受(一种观点)世界上没有十全十美的事情。
【解析】
【详解】accept接受；that无实际意义，引导宾语从句；there’s nothing perfect没有十全十美的事情；in the world世界上。故填：接受(一种观点)世界上没有十全十美的事情。
44. 保持积极乐观使我们生活更美好。
____________________________________________
【答案】Staying positive will make our lives better.
【解析】
【详解】stay“保持”，作主语应用动名词形式；positive“积极乐观的”，形容词作表语；make sth better“使某物更好”，our lives“我们的生活”，根据中文句意可知，此句用一般将来时will do的结构，故填Staying positive will make our lives better.
45. Although it’s hard to stop doing that, we should try our best.
____________________________________________
【答案】虽然很难停止，但是我们要尽力。
【解析】
【详解】although“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；it’s adj. to do sth.“做某事是怎样的”；hard“困难的”；stop doing that“停止”；we“我们”；should“应该”；try one’s best“尽力”。故填：虽然很难停止，但是我们要尽力。
五：回答问题
Can you imagine how people on a more than 1200-meter-high mountain in Hunan get their letters and parcels? Over the past 16 years, YangZhengui, a 60-year-old man, has always been able to help people there to get them in time.
Yang is the only postman there. In order to get to the office from his home on time, which is over 30 kilometers away, he has to get up at around 5 a. m. on workdays. Before leaving, Yang sorts the parcels in his post office. As an experienced postman, Yang can complete his sorting in just about 30 minutes. He has to ride more than 70 kilometers along the mountain road for nearly three hours to complete his work.
When the parcels need to be delivered right away, he will always find a way to deliver them to the villagers, even if he goes there on foot, regardless of the bad weather. In 2007, when Yang was new, the road was not completed, so he had to deliver the parcels on foot for nearly one year. “The bags weighed about 35 to 40 kg and I had to carry them, walking over 30 km a day.” said Yang.
Before Yang started his job, his elder brother and father had also been postmen working there since the late 1990s. Together with Yang, his father and brother have provided delivery services there for over 20 years.
So far, Yang has traveled more than 40,000 kilometers and worn out four motorcycles. Although the trips were hard. Yang said he got such a strong feeling of satisfaction when he saw the smiling faces of the villagers after they received their parcels.
46. How old is Yang Zhengui?
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47. When does Yang Zhengui have to get up on workdays?
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48. Why did Yang have to deliver the parcels on foot in 2007?
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49. How many kilometers has Yang traveled so far?
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50. What can you learn from Yang?
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【答案】46. Yang Zhengui is 60 years old.
47. Yang Zhengui has to get up at around 5 a. m. on workdays.
48. Because the road was not completed.
49. More than 40,000 kilometers.
50. Being so determined, patient, persistent and diligent.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是讲述邮递员Yang Zhengui十六年如一日地为高山上的村民送信件和包裹的事迹。
【46题详解】
根据“YangZhengui, a 60-year-old man,”可知，Yang Zhengui60岁了，故填Yang Zhengui is 60 years old.
【47题详解】
根据“he has to get up at around 5 a. m. on workdays.”可知，他得早上五点左右起床，故填Yang Zhengui has to get up at around 5 a. m. on workdays.
【48题详解】
根据“In 2007, when Yang was new, the road was not completed, so he had to deliver the parcels on foot for nearly one year.”可知，2007年的时候道路还没有修成，所以他得步行去送包裹，故填Because the road was not completed.
【49题详解】
根据“So far, Yang has traveled more than 40,000 kilometers and worn out four motorcycles.”可知，到目前为止，他已经走了超过40,000公里，故填More than 40,000 kilometers.
【50题详解】
开放性答案。全文讲述邮递员YangZhengui十六年如一日地为高山上的村民送信件和包裹的事迹，可知，他有决心、有耐心、有毅力，而且勤奋。故填Being so determined, patient, persistent and diligent.
六：写作
51. 学校英语角即将开展一次以“朋友”为主题的演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿参加活动，包括以下内容：
1.你最好的朋友是什么样的？
2.你的朋友曾给予过你什么？
3.你准备为你的朋友做什么？
词数90左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；文中不能透露考生身份的任何信息。
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【答案】例文
What’s the meaning of a friend to you? Maybe you think that a friend is someone who will listen to you when you’re sad. Maybe you think that a friend is someone who will give you a gift on your birthday. But to me, a friend is someone I can depend on and I love.
When I was eight years old, I met my best friend, Li Mei. Her personality was different from mine. She’s very active and brave. When I was sad, she would sit next to me and comfort me. When I was happy, she could share my joy. What’s more, she always encourages me. She told me not to give up when I met any difficulty. She advised me to have another try if I wanted to give up halfway.
So far, we have been friends for eight years. Although we were not classmates anymore, I believe that we’ll still be good friends forever. What’s more, I will prepare a birthday party for her to give her a surprise.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇讲稿；
②时态：时态综合使用“一般现在时”，“一般过去时”和“一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求以“朋友”为主题，根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍朋友是什么；
第二步，介绍最好的朋友是什么样的以及朋友曾给予过你什么；
第三步，介绍准备为你的朋友做什么。
[亮点词汇]
①depend on依靠
②be different from不同于
③give up放弃
[高分句型]
①She told me not to give up when I met any difficulty.（when引导的时间状语从句）
②She advised me to have another try if I wanted to give up halfway.（if引导的条件状语从句）