初中英语2024届中考考点复习（共五个）

中考英语考点复习一、三个“借”borrow、lend、keep 都是“借”他们有什么区别呢？这三个确实都有“借”的意思，但确实都不太一样，老师跟大家讲讲这其中的区别。1.borrow意为从他人处借进来（借入）常用结构:borrow sth.from sb.or somewhereShe borrowed two books from the library yesterday.昨天她从图书馆借了两本书。2.lend是把自己的东西借给他人（借出）（lend→ lent→ lent）常用结构:lend sth.to sb.或lend sb.sth.Henry lent his dictionary to me.亨利把他的字典借给了我。3.keep意为“保存、保留”，引伸为“借用”（keep→ kept→kept），用于表示借用的时间长度，与 表示时间段的时间状语及how long等连用。① How long can I keep thenewspaper?② I have kept the magazine for twoweeks.这本杂志我已经借了两周了。【小贴士】borrow 和 lend 都是瞬间动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如要与表示时间段的状语连用，需转换成延续性动词。borrow 需转换为对应的延续性动词keep。例如: ①How long can I keep thisstorybook?这本故事书我能借多久？②You can keep the novel for twomonths.这本小说你可以借两个月。【借阅图书的常用句型】第一组:借阅Where is the history section?历史书区在哪？Can you please tell me where to find the periodicals?[ˌpɪəriˈɒdɪkl]你可以告诉我期刊要去哪里找吗？Is there a reading room here?这里有阅览室吗？Can I check out DVDs?我可以外借DVD 吗？Is there a photocopier here?这里有复印机吗？How much does it cost to use the photocopier?[ˈfəʊtəʊkɒpiə(r)]要付多少钱才能使用复印机？第二组:找书Can you reserve this book for me?你可以帮我预订这本书吗？Can you request this book fromanother library for me?你可以帮我从另一家图书馆调这本书吗？Can you tell me where I can find the Old Man and the Sea？你可以告诉我要去哪找《老人与海》这本书吗？I want to borrow two books onEnglish grammar ; can you showme where I can find them?我想借两本有关英语语法的书，你能告诉我在哪里可以找到吗？第三组:提供帮助Can I help you? What kind ofbooks are you looking for?需要帮助吗，您在找哪类书呢？Here are the books you need.这是您要的书。Magazines and journals [ˈdʒɜːnl]arereference[ˈrefrəns] materials; theyhave to be read in the library.杂志和期刊是参考资料，这类书必须在图书馆里阅读。I am sorry.The book you want toborrow has been checked out.很抱歉，您想要借的书已经被其他人借走了。 二、Remember\Forget\Regret① forget [fəˈɡet](forget→ forgot→ forgotten)忘记;遗忘;忘记做(或带、买等);不再想;Who could forget his speech at last year's party?谁能忘记他去年在聚会上的讲话呢？② regret [rɪˈɡret](regret→ regretted→ regretted)后悔；遗憾；惋惜；有礼貌地或正式地表示抱歉、痛惜或悲伤I regret that I am unable to accept your kind invitation. 很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。③ remember 记得;想起;回想起;把…牢记在心I can't remember his taking a single day off work.我不记得他请过哪怕一天假。remember  (记得)forget        (忘记)regret        (后悔)这三个单词的基本意义和用法其实不难，难点在于他们后接“to do”和“doing”时的区别。■后接不定式to do，指该不定式所表示的动作还未发生。■后接动名词doing，指该动名词所表示的动作已经发生。比较：① Remember to post the letter.记住把这封信寄了。(“寄信”未发生)I remember posting the letter.我记得寄了那封信。(“寄信”已发生)② He forgot to pay me the money.他忘记要给我付钱了。“付钱”未发生)He forgot paying me themoney.他忘记曾给我付过钱。(“付钱”发生了) 三、感官动词（一）种类1、感官动词(及物动词) see/  notice/  look at/ watch/  observe/listen to/  hear/  feel(Vt)/  taste(Vt)/smell(Vt)2、连缀动词(含感官不及物动词) be/  get/  become/  feel/  look/  sound/smell/  taste/  keep/  stay/seem/ appear/ grow/  turn/  prove/remain/  go/  run​（二）具体用法1、五感:look.hear.smell, taste.feel,其意思分别为"看/听/闻/尝/摸起来”。①作系动词，感官动词+adj.，作表语，说明主语所处的状态。②除look之外，其它几个动词的主语是sth，而不是sb。【例】These flowers smell very sweet.这些花闻起来很香。The tomatoes feel very soft.这些西红柿摸起来很软。2、感官动词+介词like+名词（如:look like…）【例】It looks like a bird.看起来像一只小鸟Her idea sounds like fun.她的主意听起来很有趣。3、五个感官动词可作实义动词，除look(当”看起来……”讲时)只能作不及物动词（Vi.）外，其余四个既可作及物动词（Vt.)也可作不及物动词（Vi.）。此时作为实义动词，其主语一般为sb。【例】She smelt the meat.她闻了闻那块肉。I felt in my pocket for cigarettes.我用手在口袋里摸香烟。4、taste, smell作不及物动词（Vi.）时，用于"taste/smell+of+名词”结构，意为“有……味道/气味”。例如:The air in the room smells of earth.房间里的空气有股泥土味。5、五感动词(sound除外)可以直接作名词（n.），与have或take构成短语。① taste 表示品味、味道May I have a taste of themooncakes?我可以尝一口这月饼吗?（taste是品位、味道的意思）。I don't like the taste of the garlic.我不喜欢大蒜的味道。She dresses in poor taste.她穿着没有品位。② look有外观，特色的意思，例：The place has a European look.此地具有欧洲特色。③ feel有感觉，感受的意思，④ watch有手表，观察的意思。例：My watch is expensive.6.其中look\ sound\ feel可构成"look/sound/feel+ as if+从句"结构，意为“看起来/听起来/感觉好像……”。【例】It looks as if our class is going to win.看来我们班好像要获胜了。7、感官动词+do与+doing的区别：see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell,taste feel①感官动词+do表示动作的完整性，真实性；②感官动词+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性。I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调”我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)8.如何区别 look,see,watch:从意义上看：① look 通常表示主动地、有意识地“看”，侧重指看的行为。看看黑板等，通常用look at。②see 通常指看的客观结果，即“看见”。看展览、看风景、看望朋友等通常要用see;③ watch 也指有意识地看，但往往指仔细地盯着看事物的变化。看电视、看比赛等通常用watch；注:从表达习惯上看：看戏、看电影、看话剧、看演出等通常用动词see(有时也可用watch，但不如用see常见)四、enough is enoughenough的用法及位置口诀:修饰名词很自由，可以置前也可后；若是修饰形或副，后置一定要熟记。enough可以作名词、代词、形容词、副词、感叹词等等。enough的用法有三:① 一作副词，表示“足够地；充足地”② 二作形容词，表示“充足的”③ 三作名词，表示“很多；充足”，（作名词时主要在句中用作主语或宾语）1.作adj.意为“充足的；足够的”，在句中作定语或表语。作定语时，修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数，位置可前可后。【例】①We have enough time（time enough）tofinish the work.（位置可前可后）我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。②Are there enough seats for four persons?    （作定语）有没有足够四个人的座位？　③ Six chairs should be enough.（作表语）六把椅子应该足够了。④ We have enough food for a month.我们有足够维持一个月的食物。2.作adv.意为“充分地；足够地；十分”，修饰形容词、副词或动词，位置一定要在所修饰的形容词、副词的后面。常用结构:“be+ adj.+enough+ for+sb.+to do”（注意do后面不接宾语）【例】① The book is easy enough for you to read.这本书很简单，你们可以看懂。② This room is large enough for us to sleepin.   这个房间足够大，我们可以睡。③ The boy brave enough to catch the snakeis my brother.(修饰形容词）足够勇敢去抓蛇的那个男孩是我的弟弟。④ He knows the situation well enough.对他情况了解得非常清楚。(修饰副词）⑤  He has eaten enough.(修饰动词）他已经饱了。⑥ Strangely enough,some students lost theirbooks and bags.(修饰副词）很奇怪，一些学生弄丢了他们的书和书包。3.enough作Pron.意为“足够；充分”。可充当主语、宾语。其作主语时，看作单数。【例】① Enough has been said on how to        learn English well.（作主语）关于如何学好英语已经说得足够多的了。② I have enough to do today.（作宾语）今天我有足够多的事要做。​我们在使用enough时，还需要注意以下几点：1.enough不能与no连用。不可以说:I have no enough money to buy a car.（✘） 而应说：I don't have enough money to buy a car.（✔）2.enough 用作adj.时不可被very修饰，但可以用quite修饰。如：We have quite enough time.我们有足够的时间。3.“can't/can never…… enough”表示“越……越好；无论怎样……也不过分”。如：① You can never be careful enough. You cann't be careful enough .你越细心越好。② We can't thank him enough.我们无论怎样感谢他也不过分。4.cannot 与enough 连用的结构可与cannot……too……替换表达，意思相同:   “再……也不为过”。如:I can't thank you too much.太感谢你了。【词汇搭配】
①be enough for  充分的；对……足够的Is this money enough for the tuition fee?这些钱交学费够吗?② be enough of    对…厌烦的I've had enough of their endless arguing.我听够了他们无休止的争吵。③ sure enough 果真；确实He said he would come，and sure enoughhe came.他说要来，果然来了。④ well enough 还不错；还可以；相当；很；You know well enough.你明明知道。⑤ be good/kind enough to do sth.劳驾；务请做某事。Be good/kind enough to reply early.请早日赐复。
​五、短语“make up”常见用法
1.编造①Make up a story using your ownwords.用自己的话编一个故事。②I think it's very unkind of you tomake up stories about him.​2.组成①Women officers make up 13percent of the police force.女警察构成警力的13%。②Twelve girls make up theperformance team.十二个女孩组成这个演出队。3.补足，弥补① Everyone gets a chance to makeup tests.每个人都有一次补考的机会。② We should work harder to makeup for the lost time.③ You have to make up for our loss.你们必须对我们的损失作出补偿。④ I don't see very well, but my earsand nose make up for it!4.化妆①She always makes up carefullybefore she goes out.她总是在出去前仔细化妆。② Every weekend she makes herselfup and goes dancing with herfriends.每个周末她都会打扮一下，和朋友们去跳舞。5.和好① She came back and they made up.她回来了，他们和好了。② They made up after an argument.他们在争论后重归于好了。