外研版 (新标准)七年级下册Unit 3 Language in use精品习题

 Module 7  My past life  

Unit 3   Language in use

【精讲  语法】动词be的一般过去时

►►► 1.一般过去时的概念

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

常用时间状语：  

【典例】No one ________ in the room yesterday.

A．are B．were C．is D．was

【答案】D

【详解】句意：昨天房间里没有人。考查be动词。根据“yesterday”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式，排除A、C选项；句子主语是“No one”，动词应用单数形式，故选D。

►►► 2. be动词的过去式

动词be的过去式为was/were。

当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，be动词用was；

当主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，be动词用were。

如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning. 昨天上午我在教室里。

He were at school last Tuesday. 上周二他在学校。

They were over there a moment ago． 刚才他们在那边。

【典例】When I ______ young, there _______ not so much food for us.

A．is; is B．was; is C．is; was D．was; was

【答案】D

【详解】句意：当我小的时候，我们没有那么多的食物。

考查动词时态。根据语境可知，主从句都应用一般过去时；从句主语“I”是第一人称单数形式，故系动词应用am的过去式was；主句主语“so much food”是第三人称单数形式，故系动词也应用is的过去式was。选D。

►►► 3. be动词一般过去时的句式

【口诀】

一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢； 二是形式巧，单数 was，复数 were；

三巧是否定句结构，not 紧跟 was／were； 四是疑问句式巧，was／were 向前跑(提前)。

E.g. —Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now? 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？

—Yes, they were． (No, they weren't．)  是的，她们在。（不，她们不在。）

用be动词的适当形式填空

1. My uncle            ill last week.

2. I            at school this morning, but now I             at home.

3. We            all at home last night.

4. My brother            in the park just now.

5.            you born in Beijing?

6. —           Daming and Lingling difficult in class?

—No, they           .

7. —Where            your father born?

—He            born in Shanghai.

8. —How            the weather yesterday?

—It            hot.

9. —What            the people like there?

—They            friendly.

10. —Was his teacher’s name Ms Li?

—Yes, it           .

【答案】

1. was  2. was, am   3. were         4. was         5. Were

6. Were, weren’t      7. was, was     8. was, was     9. were, were      10. was

题组A  基础过关练

一、单项选择

1．Mark and Mike ______ in the library an hour ago. Now they ______ in the classroom.

A．are; are B．were; were C．are; were D．were; are

【答案】D

【详解】第一个句子中“an hour ago”意为“一小时之前”，用于一般过去时态；第二个句子中“now”意为“现在”，用于一般现在时态或现在进行时态。

2．There was a big park ______ many big trees and stones（石头）in it.

A．with B．of C．has D．under

【答案】A

【详解】句意“有一个里面很许多大树和石头的大公园”。with表示“具有；带有”，符合题意。

3．---______ was you first English teacher?

---Ms Lane from Canada.

A．Who B．Where C．How D．How old

【答案】A

【详解】答语中Ms Lane是中心词，回答的是某人，故前面的问句应由who引导。

4．---Were there lots of parks in the city then?

---____________.

A．Yes, they were B．Yes, it was

C．No, there weren’t D．No, there wasn’t

【答案】C

【详解】there be句型一般过去时态的一般疑问句在回答时，肯定回答用“Yes, there was / were.”，否定回答用“No, there wasn’t / weren’t”，注意前后数的一致。

5．Money is important,                  it is not the most important thing.

A．but B．and

C．so D．or

【答案】A

【详解】句意：钱是重要的，但是它不是最重要的事情。A. but   但是；   B. and和；

C. so   因此；   D. or否者；根据句意故选A

6．With the help of Mr Wang,Liu Ling has              great progress in English.

A．done B．taken

C．made D．picked

【答案】C

【详解】句意：在王老师的帮助下，刘玲在英语上取得了很大的进步。A. done 做；     B. taken带走；C. made 制作；     D. picked捡起；根据make great progress取得巨大进步；根据has可知用现在完成时态；故选C

题组B  能力提升练

一、单项选择

1．The charity show        nearly three hours. Nobody left the hall early.

A．covered B．reached C．spent D．lasted

【答案】D

【详解】句意：那个慈善节目持续了几乎三个小时。没有人早离开大厅。cover覆盖；reach到达；spend花费；last持续。后面接nearly three hours作宾语，故表示持续三个小时，故选D。

2．Those boys          difficult at school in the past, but now they          good.

A．are; were B．were; are C．was; is D． are; is

【答案】B

【详解】句意：在过去那些男孩在学校很难对付，但是现在他们好了。

根据in the past可知是过去时态，主语Those boys复数，所以用were；now可知用一般现在时态，主语they复数，所以用are；is用于单三和不可数名词，are用于第二人称和复数，were是are的过去式，was是am/is的过去式；故选B。

3．Our teacher is strict          us          our study.

A．with; with B．with; in C．in; with D．in; in

【答案】B

【详解】句意：我们的老师在学习上对我们要求很严格。根据be strict with sb.意为“对某人要求严格”,be strict in sth.意为“对某事要求严格”，固定搭配；故选B。

4．Helen is looking forward to   ________     the movie.

A．watches B．watching C．watch D．watched

【答案】B

【详解】句意：海伦期待着看这部电影。选项A为三单；选项B为动名词；选项C为动词原形；选项D为过去式。本题考查固定搭配：look forward to 意为“期待，盼望”。to 是介词，其后接名词或动词-ing形式。故选B。

5．Where          your teacher two days          ?

A．were; before B．was; before C．were; ago D．was; ago

【答案】D

【详解】句意:两天前你的老师在哪里?根据before在……以前，介词，放在时间前，ago以前，副词，放在时间后，排除A/B；two days ago可知动词用过去式，主语是your teacher, 故用was。故选D。

6．—What's your mother like?

—________.

A．She likes clothes B．She has a sister C．She is born in Beijing D．She is strict with me

【答案】D

【详解】句意：——你妈妈是怎么样的？   ——她很严厉。考查句型：What be sb. like? 某人怎么样？（指该人的人品等内在品质）。She likes clothes她喜欢衣服；She has a sister她有一个姐姐；She is born in Beijing她出生在北京；She is strict with me她对我很严厉。只有选项D是描述人的品质的，故选D。

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空

7．Hou Li ________ in Dali last week.

8．There ________a car and two bikes in front of the house yesterday.

9．—Was Mr Li your teacher?

—No, he________ (not be).

10．There________some people in the park now, but there ________ (not be) any yesterday.

11．I ________ in the movie theatre yesterday, but they ________ in the school.

【答案】

7．was   8．was   9．wasn't   10．     are     weren't   11．     was     were

【解析】

7．句意：侯莉上周在大理。

根据句中的时间状语“last week”可知，该题的时态应该用一般过去时；主语Hou Li是单数，因此be动词用was。故答案为：was。

8．句意：昨天房子前面有一辆汽车和两辆自行车。

根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，该题的时态应该用一般过去时；本题是there be 结构，遵循就近远则，本题的主语a car是单数，因此be动词用was。故答案为：was。

9．句意：-——李先生是你的老师吗？     -——不，他不是。

本题是含有be动词的一般疑问句。答语中的主语he是单数，因此be动词用was。was not=wasn’t。 故答案为：wasn't。

10．句意：公园里现在有一些人，但昨天没有。

第一个空，根据句中的时间状语“now”可知，该题的时态应该用一般现在时；本题是there be 结构，主语some people是复数，因此be动词用are。第二个空，根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，该题的时态应该用一般过去时；本题是there be 结构，本题的主语any 代指上文的some people是复数，因此be动词用were。were not=weren’t。故答案为：(1). are       (2). weren't

11．句意：昨天我在电影院，但他们在学校。

第一个空，根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，该题的时态应该用一般过去时；本题的主语是I，因此be动词用was。第二个空，也用一般过去时，主语是they，因此be动词用were。故答案为：(1). was       (2). were

题组C  培优拔尖练

一、单项选择

1．（2021·江西·中考真题）Your leg looks really bad! I think you should send for a ________ about that.

A．pilot B．doctor C．singer D．postman

【答案】B

【详解】句意：你的腿看起来很糟！我想你应该请一个医生来。考查名词辨析。pilot飞行员；doctor医生；singer歌手；postman邮递员。根据“Your leg looks really bad!”可知，应该是叫医生来。故选B。

2．（2021·四川成都·中考真题）Zhang Hong, a Chinese, is the first Asian blind climber ________ has reached the top of Qomolangma.

A．who B．whose C．which

【答案】A

【详解】句意：中国人张洪是第一位登上珠穆朗玛峰的亚洲攀登者。考查定语从句。who谁，先行词是人；whose谁的，先行词为人，whose在从句中作定语；which哪个，先行词为物。此句定语从句的先行词是人，且疑问词在从句中作主语，用who引导的定语从句。故选A。

3．（2021·四川成都·中考真题）Everyone needs to know ________ importance of rubbish sorting（分类）.

A．an B．不填 C．the

【答案】C

【详解】句意：每个人都需要知道垃圾分类的重要性。考查冠词的用法。此处特指垃圾分类的重要性，the importance of………的重要性，故选C。

4．（2022·全国·九年级）The number of the whales ________ smaller and smaller because of human activities now.

A．were B．was C．is D．are

【答案】C

【详解】句意：由于现今人类的活动，鲸鱼的数量越来越少。考查主谓一致和时态。was/were是，be动词的过去式；is是，be动词单数形式；are是，be动词复数形式；由“now”可知，句子应用一般现在时，排除A/B选项；the number of+复数名词表示“……的数量”，谓语动词要用单数形式，be动词应用is，故选C。

5．（2021·云南·中考真题）________ he heard the little girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room.

A．As soon as B．Unless C．If D．Although

【答案】A

【详解】句意：他一听到小女孩在外面喊救命，就冲出了房间。考查连词辨析。As soon as一……就；Unless除非；If如果；Although虽然。根据“…he heard the little girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room.”可知，此处表示“一……就”，用as soon as引导时间状语从句，故选A。

6．（2021·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Huawei Mate 40 is ________ of the three mobile phones.

A．expensive B．more expensive C．the most expensive

【答案】C

【详解】句意：华为Mate 40是三款手机中最贵的。考查形容词最高级。根据“of the three mobile phones”可知，三者之间比较用最高级，故选C。

二、阅读理解（2022·浙江·九年级）   

On February 20, 2021, Jasmine Harrison became the youngest woman to row (划艇)alone across the Atlantic Ocean. It took the 21-year-old swimming teacher just over 70 days to do it.

Ms. Harrison, who’s from England, didn’t have much experience in rowing long distances (A). She got the idea three years ago when she happened to be in Antigua. There she saw the end of the 2017 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge. “I want to do this, so I’m going to do it.” she said.

Every year, rowers taking part in the Atlantic Compaign set out from the Canary Islands in December and row about 4,800 kilometers across the Atlantic. Some row in teams of two, three or four. Others, like Ms. Harrison, row by themselves.

It wasn’t easy. Every day, Ms. Harrison would row for about 12 hours. She rowed about 20, 000 strokes (划) a day.

Ms. Harrison had a smartphone that allowed her to talk with family and friends every day. She had other company along the way. She saw lots of sea life, including some whales. For several days, she was followed by a small group of dolphins(海豚) “I was in their environment.” she said. “It was just amazing.”

There was danger, too. Twice, her boat was turned over in the night by large waves. She hurt her elbow quite badly. Another time, she nearly ran into a ship.

Somehow, she kept going. Finally, on February 20, after 70 days, 3 hours and 48 minutes, she reached Antigua—the end of the journey. Ms. Harrison’s rowing has made her the youngest woman ever to row alone across the Atlantic. Before, that record was held by Kaitie Spotz from the USA, who crossed the Atlantic as a 22-year-old in 2010.

7．When did Ms. Harrison get the idea of taking part in the Atlantic Campaign?

A．In 2010. B．In 2018. C．In 2021.

8．Ms. Harrison set out from ________ in the Atlantic Campaign.

A．London. B．Antigua. C．the Canary Islands.

9．What does the underlined word “company” probably mean in Chinese?

A．陪伴 B．宾客 C．公司

10．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Ms. Harrison is a 21-year-old animal keeper.

B．Ms. Harrison used a smartphone to talk with family and friends.

C．It was easy and safe for Ms. Harrison to finish her journey.

11．What’s the best title for the passage?

A．The 2021 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge.

B．The lovely sea life in the Atlantic Ocean.

C．The youngest woman to row alone across the Atlantic.

【答案】

7．B   8．C   9．A   10．B   11．C

【分析】

本文主要讲述了一位老师独自划艇穿过大西洋的故事。

7．细节理解题。根据“On February 20, 2021, Jasmine Harrison became the youngest woman to row (划艇)alone across the Atlantic Ocean”及“She got the idea three years ago when she happened to be in Antigua”可知，在2018年有了参加大西洋活动的想法，故选B。

8．细节理解题。根据“Every year, rowers taking part in the Atlantic Compaign set out from the Canary Islands in December and row about 4,800 kilometers across the Atlantic”可知，从加那利群岛出发，故选C，

9．词义猜测题。根据“ She had other company along the way. She saw lots of sea life, including some whales”可知，沿途有许多海洋生物的小伙伴陪着她，所以company表示“陪伴”，故选A。

10．推理判断题。根据“Ms. Harrison had a smartphone that allowed her to talk with family and friends every day”可知，她用一个电话跟家人和朋友联系，B表述正确，故选B。

11．最佳标题。根据第一段的内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位老师独自划艇穿过大西洋的故事，故选C。