【知识点讲义】外研版英语八年级下册-Module 4 知识点讲义

这是一份【知识点讲义】外研版英语八年级下册-Module 4 知识点讲义，共19页。
Module 4Unit 1考点1headache /hedeɪk/ n. 头痛e.g. She had a headache and couldn’t fall asleep. 她头痛得无法入睡。根据汉语提示完成句子昨天南希头痛，所以没去学校。Nancy _________ ________ __________ yesterday, so she didn’t go to school.考点2ill /ɪl/ adj. 不健康的；有病的e.g. He’s got a cold and is ill in hospital now. 他感冒了，现在生病住院了。During her illness she began to think about the meaning of life.在她生病期间，她开始思考生命的意义。ill一般用作表语，不常作定语。作定语时，意为“坏的；不良的”。sick既可以作表语又可以作定语。还有“恶心；想呕吐”的意思。The little boy fell ________ so he couldn’t take care of his ________ dog.A. ill; ill                               B. illness; sick C. ill; sick                            D. sick; ill考点3hurt /hɜːt/ v.(使) 疼痛；感到疼痛(hurt, hurt)e.g. He fell off his bike, and his leg hurt.他从自行车上摔了下来，他的腿感到很痛。The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.那位司机在那次事故中伤得很重。用所给词的适当形式填空—What’s the matter with Jim?—His leg _________ (hurt) last night.hurt指肉体上或精神上的伤害。injure指由于意外或事故造成的身体上的伤害。wound指刀伤或枪伤。考点4since /sɪns/ prep.& conj.(from a time in the past until a later past time, or until now) 自……以来e.g. I have lived here since two years ago.(=I have lived here for two years.) 我已经在这儿住了两年了。He has learned to play the piano since he was six years old.他从6 岁起就学习弹钢琴。We ________ each other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often. [北京]A. don’t see                           B. didn’t see C. won’t see                          D. haven’t seen考点5catch a cold 感冒e.g. It is easy to catch a cold when the season changes.换季时，很容易感冒。have a cold表示“感冒”持续的状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。catch a cold强调“感冒”的行为，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。e.g. She caught a cold yesterday, but she isn’t fine now and she has had a cold for two days.昨天她感冒了，但现在还没有好，她感冒两天了。Why are you wearing a T-shirt? You’ll probably _________ in the cold weather.A. have a toothache                  B. catch a coldC. have a rest                            D. catch a bus考点6take your temperature 量一量你的体温e.g. Have you taken your temperature? 你量体温了吗？The temperature will stay above zero in the daytime.白天气温将保持在零度以上。What’s the temperature in Beijing now?北京现在的气温是多少？根据首字母提示写单词Because of COVID-19, I am asked to take my t                            before entering school to see if I have a fever. [泰安]考点7exercise /eksə saɪz/ n. 锻炼；练习e.g. Teenagers should do more exercise every day.青少年应该每天做更多运动。The students do eye exercises twice a day.学生们一天做两次眼保健操。Tom is not here. He ________ in the health club.[抚顺]A. is exercising                 B. was exercisingC. exercises                       D. exercised考点8too much 太多e.g. There is too much noise here. 这儿噪音太大。too much意为“太多”，用来修饰不可数名词。too many意为“太多”，用来修饰可数名词复数。much too意为“太；非常”，相当于very，常用来修饰形容词或副词。My cousin is _________ heavy because he often eats fast food. [龙东]A. much too; too many B. too much; too muchC. much too; too much考点9be harmful to 对……有害e.g. Smoking is harmful to people’s health.=Smoking does harm to people’s health.=Smoking is bad for people’s health.吸烟对人的健康有害。So they won’t be bad for your health.(改为同义句)So they won’t _________ __________ to your health. 考点10health /helθ/ n. 健康（状况）e.g. Eating more fruit is good for your health.多吃水果对你的健康有益。We are all in good health. 我们的身体都很健康。用所给词的适当形式填空Drinking tea can bring many ___________ (health) benefits(益处).考点11three times a day 一天三次e.g. Mary goes swimming four times a month.玛丽每个月去游泳四次。Teenagers should do exercise at least one hour a day.青少年应当每天至少锻炼一小时。—_______ do you visit your grandparents, Tom?—Twice a month. [北京]A. How much                           B. How often C. How long                             D. How soon一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子1．You have a ________ (发烧)and you should see a doctor.2．Jim was ________ (有病的)yesterday, but he still went to school.3．You look sad. Do you have a ________ (头痛)again？　4．The old man is 80 years old, but he is in good  h________．　5．Doing more  e________ is good for your body. 二、单项选择6．The old man ________ two days ago.A．got a toothache  　　B．gets toothache   C．got a teethache    D．got teethache7．Nancy took her temperature and found she had a _______．(青岛)A．cough　     B．toothache　C．cold　        D．fever8．Nowadays people wish to have ________ food than before as their life improves.(上海)A．healthy        B．healthierC．healthiest     D．the healthiest9．It's already tens of years ________ the world's population reached five billion.(宜宾)A．before　　　B．after　　　C．since10．Uncle Ling ________ in Haikou since 1980, so he knows a lot about the city.(海南)A．is living　　　B．has lived　　　C．lived三、根据汉语完成句子11．他从来不吃快餐食品。He never eats ________ ________．12．我已经量体温了。 I have already ________ ________ ______________．13．昨天晚上这个孩子感冒了。 The child ________ ________ ________ last night.14．我的头疼。我必须看医生。My ________ ________. I have to see a doctor.15．为了保持健康，许多人每天都锻炼。To ________ ________, many people ________ ________ every day. 四、按要求完成句子16．We have known each other since six years ago.(改为同义句)We have known each other________ ________ ________．17．Drinking too much is bad for your health.(改为同义句)Drinking too much is________ ________ your health.18．How about going out for a walk？(改为同义句)________ ________ going out for a walk?19．The new computer cost me 5, 000 yuan.(改为同义句)I________ 5, 000 yuan________ the new computer.20．I think he is an excellent boy.(改为否定句)I ________ ________ he ________ an excellent boy. Unit 2考点1well /wel/ adj. 健康的e.g. After taking the medicine, I’m well enough to go to school.服药后，我好多了可以去上学了。She can play the piano very well. 她钢琴弹得很好。考点2active /æktɪv/ adj. 积极的；活跃的e.g. Lily is an active girl. 莉莉是一个活跃的女孩。Sally is active in class now. 萨莉现在在课堂上很积极。Teachers are no more the only roles; students play a more active part in class. 在课堂上，老师不再是唯一的角色，学生起到更积极的作用。If we are interested in something, our brain is ________ and it is also easier for us to pay attention to it for a long time. [安顺]A. active            B. more active            C. the most active考点3take part in 参加，参与e.g. I want to take part in after-class activities. 我想参加课外活动。Anyone who is good at singing can _________ the activity in our school. [阜康、米泉]A. take part in                            B. take off C. take out                                 D. take care of考点4sleepy /sliːpi/ adj. 困的；想睡的sleepy形容词意为“想睡的，困的”，在句中作表语或定语sleep不及物动词意为“睡，睡觉”，表示持续状态不可数名词意为“睡觉；睡眠”asleep形容词意为“睡着的，睡熟的”，常作表语，不能作定语。fall asleep 表示“入睡”的短暂动作根据汉语提示写单词She was so ___________ (瞌睡的) that she went to bed early last night. [乐山]考点5daily /deɪli/ adj. 每天的；天天的e.g. Getting daily exercise is important. 每天锻炼很重要。The maehines are inspected twice daily.这些机器每日检查两次。根据汉语提示写单词Here are some tips that people should follow in their ________________ (日常的) life. [衢州]考点6Why don’t we...? 我们为什么不……？e.g. Why not go for a walk?=Why don’t you/we go for a walk?为什么不去散步呢？Why don’t you clean up your room at once?(改为同义句)__________ __________ clean up your room at once? 考点7perhaps /pəhæps/ adv. 可能；也许e.g. Perhaps Tony is in his classroom. 也许托尼在他的教室里。Perhaps they are in need of our help. 或许他们需要我们的帮助。—I wonder why Mary didn’t answer my phone.—_________ /pəhæps/ she was busy at that time.考点8weak /wiːk/ adj. 弱的；虚弱的e.g. The woman in bed looked very weak.躺在床上的这位女士看起来很虚弱。She spoke in a weak voice. 她用虚弱的声音说话。She is weak in reading. 她的阅读能力差。 考点9too...to... 太……而不能……e.g. I was too excited to say a word. 我太兴奋了，以至于说不出话来。The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry.这个箱子太重了，那个小男孩搬不动。（1）too...to... 可与so...that... 进行同义句转换，但that 引导的结果状语从句要用否定式。e.g. The article is too difficult for me to understand.=The article is so difficult that I can’t understand it. 这篇文章太难了，我理解不了。（2）too...to... 可与not...enough to... 进行同义句转换，但not 后面的形容词是too 后形容词的反义词。e.g. My son is too young to join the army.=My son isn’t old enough to join the army. 我儿子太小，不能参军。根据汉语提示完成句子听到这个消息后，大家兴奋得睡不着觉。On hearing the news, everyone was _________ excited _________ fall asleep.一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子1．Mary likes to learn words by h________．2．Even though Peter is old and w________, he still works very hard.3．Her ________ (身体状况)is quite wonderful. Don't worry about her.4．He is a blind boy, but he can look after his ________(日常的)life.(贵港)5．Sarah loves her dog very much. She always regards it as her ________________ (家庭成员). (云南)二、用方框内单词的适当形式填空6．Why not ________ English newspapers?7．The old woman didn't come out to sit in the sun during her ________．8．I didn't feel very________ when the ball hit me in the  eye.9．We get exercise by ________ table tennis.10．I was very________. I tried to keep my eyes open but I couldn't.三、单项选择11．We talked about the problem and Tim ________ doing some research first.(沈阳)A．finished            B．enjoyed  C．suggested         D．practiced12．He speaks English very well because he ________ in the US for 20 years.(攀枝花)A．lives                   B．lived  C．has lived            D．had lived13．—How many students will________ the sports meeting?—Everyone will.A．take part in         B．take partC．join                     D．to join in14．As a teacher，I really feel worried to see so many students ________ glasses.(滨州)A．wearing           B．dressingC．putting on        D．being in15．The old man was ________ tired ________ walk any farther.A．so；as　         B．too；to　C．so；to　         D．very；to Unit 3考点1turn off 关闭；关上e.g. Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave.你走的时候别忘了关灯。The TV is too loud. Please turn it off. 电视太吵了，请关掉它。—Kate, don’t forget to _________ the light when you leave the room.—OK, Mom. [龙东]A. cut off                B. put off               C. turn off考点2so that 为了；以便e.g. Speak louder so that I can hear you.大点声说，这样我才能听见你说话。He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.他努力学习，以便能通过考试。We should take care of the earth _______ we can make a better world to live in. [广东]A. so that                                   B. until C. even if                                   D. while考点3set up 建立，设立e.g. Alibaba was set up in 1999. 阿里巴巴创建于1999 年。He set up a company and worked as an interior designer.他开了一家公司并做一名室内设计师。In order to control the spread of Novel coronavirus (新型冠状病毒), a new hospital was ________.A. put up                                 B. set up C. taken up                              D. cut up考点4developing /dɪveləpɪŋ/ adj. 发展中的e.g. He comes from a developing country. 他来自一个发展中国家。America is a developed country. 美国是一个发达国家。Industry cannot develop without steel. 发展工业离不了钢铁。考点5take care of 照顾；照料e.g. The boy is old enough to take care of/look after himself.这个男孩足够大了，可以照顾自己了。take care 意为“小心，注意”，其同义短语有be careful 和look out，三者可互换。e.g. Take care! It’s dangerous here. 小心！这儿危险。My sister will take care of my cat when I am onholiday.(改为同义句) [重庆]My sister will _________ _________ my cat when I am on holiday.现在完成时(3)表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在或许还要持续下去，要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，如：for+时间段或since+时间点/从句eg：She has lived in the city for ten years.       她生活在这座城市10年了。       Tom has been like this since Monday.       从周一开始汤姆就一直这样。Since 1990, Project Hope ________ millions of students from poor families realize their dreams. A. will help              B. has helped            C. helps对现在完成时中表一段时间的时间状语进行提问应用how long。—________ did the sports meeting last?—For about two weeks.A. How soon           B. How far            C. How long终止性动词（词组）表示的动作短暂且不能持续，在现在完成时中不能与for，since等引导的时间状语连用，但可以用意思相同或相近的延续性动词（词组）来替换。eg：Mike has been in China for three years.    迈克来到中国3年了。 终止性动词(词组)转换形式例句用相应的延续性动词(词组)替换终止性动词(词组)buyhaveI have had the bike for two years.我买这辆自行车2年了。become/come/gobecatch/get a coldhave a coldput onwearborrowkeep终止性动词(词组)转换形式join the Partybe a Party member或be in the Partyjoin the armybe an army soldier或be in the armyarrive/reachbe in/at＋地点leavebe awayfinish/endbe overbegin/startbe oncome here/go therebe here/there—The new shirt looks good on you. When did you buy it?—On July 7th. I ________ it for a week.[遂宁]A. have bought                          B. have hadC. bought                                   D. buyThe movie ________ for about 5 minutes, so let's see the next one.A．has been on　　　　B．has startedC．started                         D．began一、用for或since完成下列句子1．My elder brother has been a soldier ________ five years.2．—How long have you worked in the factory?      —________ 2012.3．Mr. Smith has had the black car ________ he was twenty years old. 4．I have kept the book ________ two weeks.5．Tang Yu and his family have stayed there ________ one month ago. 二、单项选择6．I have been in China________  1997. A.since          B．for           C．in            D．until7． It's nice to see you again. We ________      each other  since 2014.     A．won't see            B．don't see       C．haven't seen       D．didn't see8. — Please look at these stamps. I ________ them for five years.    —Wow, they are fantastic!    A．have kept                          B．have bought    C．borrowed                             D．kept9．—Peter, you speak Chinese so well.     —Thank you. I ________ Chinese since I came here in 2013.     A．will learn                                B．learned           C．have learned                           D．learn10．—What a nice watch! How long ________  you ________ it?     —For just two weeks.         A．will; buy                                 B．have; had              C．were; having                          D．did; buy 三、根据汉语意思完成句子11．这辆自行车你买了多久了？________ ________have you ________the bike?12．自从她开始骑自行车就没有感冒过。Since she________ ________a bike，she________ ________ a cold.13. 他离开中国三年了。He ________ ________ ________ from China for three years.14. 他们互相认识五年了。They ________ ________ each other for five years.15. (N)他们在美国呆了五年了。They ________ ________ ________ the USA for five years.