高考英语二轮题海特训营6阅读理解推理判断二（含答案）

这是一份高考英语二轮题海特训营6阅读理解推理判断二（含答案），共11页。
阅读理解-推理判断二1、    Do you remember the name of your kindergarten teacher? I do. Her name was Mrs White.    I don't remember much about what we learned in her class, but my mother once told me that we used to write a lot. And I would bring back what I wrote and she would look at it and find there were so many mistakes, but no red corrections, and always a star. Sometimes even a Good! This worried my mother, so one day when she went to meet Mrs White for one of those parent-teacher meetings, she asked her why she never red-penciled my mistakes in the right spellings of words or pointed out grammatical errors.    “The children are just beginning to get excited about using words, or forming sentences. I don't want to damage that enthusiasm with red ink. Spelling and grammar can wait. The wonder of words won’t," Mrs White said.    Later I knew that if Mrs White had used her red pen often. I probably wouldn't be telling you about this now. I look back now and think she must have been a rather extraordinary teacher to exercise such red-pen-restraint(限制). I used to misspell “beautiful” a lot,and never could quite remember that the “e” went before the “a”. It annoyed my teacher in high school. If I was going to employ the word with such lavishness(华丽丰富的语言), she figured the least I could do was spell it right. Eventually the e’s and a’s settled into their right hold as much as you mean sometimes.    And thanks to Mrs White, I had no worry about writing what I meant even if I couldn't quite spell it out. Because life isn’t “Pretty”. It’s “Beautiful”.1.The underlined word “This” in the second paragraph refers to the fact that ________.
A.I always made mistakes in my spelling
B.Mrs White often made wrong corrections
C.Mrs White's attitude towards my mistakes was special
D.Mother wanted to know how to improve my spellings
2.From what Mrs White said, we can infer that _________.
A.grammar and spelling should be paid more attention to
B.children don’t have the patience in spelling words
C.children’s interest of learning words is very important
D.red corrections are used to draw children's attention
3.The writer may probably think his/her high school teacher _________.
A.taught in the same way as Mrs White had done
B.was not satisfied with his/her mistakes made in spelling
C.should tell him/her how to improve words spelling
D.paid much attention to teaching students to use proper words 2、    While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings inChina such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts,manyexcellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.    Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu,a 49-year-old Chinese architect,wonthe 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize—which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize inarchitecture—on February 28.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.    Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.    The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Manyvisitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.    Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked theworkers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls,roofs and corridors.Thiscreation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).    Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledgeof traditions.Through such a balance,he had created a new type of Chinese architecture,saidTadao Ando,the winner of the1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums."That is onlyevidence that traditions once existed," he said.    "Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions.They think tradition meansold things from the past.In fact,tradition also refers to the things that have been developingand that are still being created, " he said.    "Today,many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather thanfocusing on Chinese traditions.Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowingwhat they really are," said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise,the recreation oftraditions would be artificial and empty,he said.1.Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.A.following the latest world trend
B.getting international recognition
C.working harder than ever before
D.relying on foreign architects2.What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?A.Its hilly environment.
B.Its large size.
C.Its unique style.
D.Its diverse functions.3.What made Wang’s architectural design a success?A.The mixture of different shapes.
B.The balance of East and West.
C.The use of popular techniques.
D.The harmony of old and new.4.What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?A.Spread them to the world.
B.Preserve them at museums.
C.Teach them in universities.
D.Recreate them in practice. 3、    Underground and floating(漂浮的) cities are seen as the best solutions as humanity will be facing a living space problem by 2115,a survey suggests.    The global population is expected to reach 11 billion in 100 years. Asked to rate a list of 10 choices by experts, two fifths of people support building downwards, while a third rely on the seas. One in ten of the 2,000 surveyed tell the TV channel, which did the survey for the show Impossible Engineering that they expect we could be living on Mars.    The human race will be forced to use the oceans and even dig underground to create more living space. According to the country-wide survey, four in ten Britons believe digging deep beneath the earth's surface is the perfect solution to crowded conditions over ground.    And a third think building cities in the sea using solar and tida(潮汐的) energy will be the answer, while a fifth believe “off-the-shelf” 3D-printed homes will be a cheaper way to the housing problem.    And adults who were asked to choose their favorites put urban(都市的) farms in the top three with crops and animals on roofs among tall city buildings. More than one in ten of them feel space travel will have progressed so fast by 2115 that living on the moon or Mars will be a choice, while another one in ten of them say underwater cities will be the best idea. The survey to mark the beginning of the new series of Impossible Engineering also finds floating buildings with their own microclimates are the way the world will change.    “Impossible Engineering shows how a series of seemingly unrelated breakthroughs(突破) can be put together to create amazing achievements of engineering, but anything could happen in the next 50 years,” Dr Morgan said.1.How many people surveyed chose underground cities as the best solution?
A.200.
B.400.
C.600.
D.800.
2.In which country was the survey done?
A.Britain.
B.America.
C.Canada.
D.China.
3.Urban farms are likely to exist in _____.
A.3D-printed homes
B.outer space homes
C.floating homes
D.high-rise homes
4.What does Dr Morgan think of solving the living space problem in the future?
A.Challenging.
B.Promising.
C.Interesting.
D.Worrying. 4、    The U.S. Department of Labor statistics (统计) show that there is an oversupply of college-trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there have been more than enough teachers, engineers, physicists, aerospace experts, and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to compete for jobs that aren't there. The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree.
    On the other hand, there is a great need for skilled workers of all sorts: carpenters, electricians, mechanics, plumbers, TV repairmen. These people have more work than they can deal with, and their annual incomes are often higher than those of college graduates. The old gap that white-collar workers make a better living than blue-collar workers no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favors the skilled workmen.
    The reason for this situation is the traditional myth that college degree is a passport to a prosperous future. A large part of American society matches success in life equally with a college degree. Parents begin indoctrinating (灌输) their children with this myth before they are out of grade school. High school teachers play their part by acting as if high school education were a preparation for college rather than for life. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not doesn't matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go. And every year college enrollments (入学) go up and up, and more and more graduates are overeducated for the kinds of jobs available to them.
    One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there. Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up.
1.It's implied but not stated in the passage that ________ .
A.many other countries are facing the same problem
B.white-collar workers in the US used to make more money than blue-collar workers
C.fewer students will prefer to go to college in the future
D.the law of supply and demand has a strong effect on American higher education
2.Which of the following is NOT a reason why college enrollments go up every year?
A.Many people believe that the only way to success is a college education.
B.Many parents want their children to go to college.
C.High school teachers urge their students to go to college.
D.Every young man and woman wants to go to college.
3.By saying that“many people go to college who do not belong there”, the author means that ________ .
A.many people who are not fit for college education go to college
B.many people who do not have enough money go to college
C.many people who go to college drop out within the first year
D.many people who go to college have their hopes destroyed
4.We can infer from the passage that the author believes that _______ .
A.every young man and woman should go to college
B.college education is a bad thing
C.people with a college education should receive higher pay
D.fewer people should go to college while more should be trained for skilled jobs 5、    It goes without saying, but bears repeating, there are too many cats and dogs without homes. While there are countless shelters and rescue centers that exist, some potential pet owners look to pet shops to find their furry friends. All too often, however, these animals come from puppy and kitten mills (繁殖场) that treat the creatures in cruel ways. San Francisco, however, is doing their part to stop this abuse with pet store adoption. Officials recently voted to ban the sale of non-rescue dogs and cats in local shops.    The effect is two-fold. One, it will stop the popularity of the large-scale mills, which are famous for the miserable conditions cats and does are kept in. Two, it will help facilitate the adoption of thousands of animals that are waiting for their forever homes in San Francisco shelters. District 4 Supervisor Katy Tang, who serves on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, supported law-making on the ban. “Dogs and cats sold in pet stores often come from inhumane puppy and kitten mills that treat animals with no regard for their health or well-being”, she wrote on Facebook. In her message, she also called on the U. S. Agriculture Department to reinstate information on its website that documents these types of animal cruelty cases—it was removed earlier this month.    San Francisco’s law-making is a victory for those concerned about animal rights, and they aren’t the first city to pass this type of measure. Los Angeles, San Diego, Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, and Austin also have similar laws in place, with hopefully more places to follow suit.1.What happened to some dogs and cats before they got in the pet stores?
A.They were treated cruelly.
B.They were abandoned in streets.
C.They received warm welcome.
D.They were raised in shelters and rescue centers.
2.Which of the following may Katy Tang agree with most?
A.People should adopt the dogs and cats.
B.Animals are too cruel to humans being.
C.Government can choose to kill all the dogs and cats.
D.It is not right to ban the sale of non-rescue dogs and cats in local shops.
3.What does the underlined word “reinstate” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.update
B.replace
C.post again
D.download
4.What does the last paragraph mainly focus on?
A.No Chinese city joins this type of movement.
B.San Francisco is the last city to ban pet stores.
C.Americans care about animals more than humans.
D.More and more cities are involved in animal rights. 6、    It’s rare that you see the words “shyness” and “letter” in the same sentence.After all,the common viewpoint is that those outgoing and sociable guys make great public speakers and excellent networkers and that those shy people are not.A survey conducted by USA Today referred to 65 percent of executives who believed shyness to be a barrier to leadership.Interestingly,the same article stresses that roughly 40 percent of leaders actually are quite shy—they're just better at adapting themselves to situational demands.Bill Gates,Warren Buffet and Charles Schwab are just a few "innies".   Unlike their outgoing counterparts who are more sensitive to rewards and risk-taking,shy people take a cautious approach to chance.Rather than the flashy chit-chat that defines social gathering,shy people listen attentively to what others say and absorb it before they speak.They're not thinking about what to say while the other person is still talking,but rather listening so they can learn what to say.Along the same lines,shy people share a common love of learning.They are intrinsically (内在地)  motivated and therefore seek content regardless of achieving an outside standard.   Being shy can also bring other benefits.Remember being in school and hearing the same kids contribute,until shy little Johnny,who almost never said a word,cut in?Then what happened? Everyone turned around to look with great respect at little Johnny actually talking.This is how shy people made good use of their power of presence: they "own" the moment by speaking calmly and purposefully,which translate to a positive image.   Shyness is often related to modesty.Not to say that limelight-seekers aren't modest,but shy people tend to have an accurate sense of their abilities and achievements.As a result,they are able to acknowledge mistakes,imperfections, knowledge gaps and limitations.   Since shy people have a lower sensitivity to outside rewards than outgoing ones,they're more comfortable working with little information and sticking to their inner desires.Shy people are also more likely to insist on finding solutions that aren't primarily apparent.Don't believe me?Maybe you'll believe Albert Einstein,who once said,"It's not that I'm so smart,it's that I stay with problems longer."Obviously,finding certainty where uncertainty is typically popular is a huge plus for any successful person.    The myth that shy people are less effective leaders than their outgoing fellows is just a misunderstanding.Make wise use of your personality strengths to lead your business no matter what side of the range you fall on.1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that_______.A.shy people are sensitive to rewards
B.shy people care more about content
C.outgoing people are more careful about chances
D.outgoing people consider what to learn while listening2.The example of Johnny shows______.A.shy people are likely to be modest
B.hardworking students speak little in public
C.some students keep silent on purpose at school
D.shy people may have an advantage in discussion3.We can learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 that______.A.shyness results in success
B.shyness contributes to popularity
C.outside reward leads to insistence
D.uncertainty counts more than certainty4.The author supports his ideas mainly by______.A.giving definitions and presenting research results
B.explaining problems and providing solutions
C.quoting authorities and making evaluations
D.making contrasts and gibing examples   
答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.C; 3.B解析：1.代词指代题。由上文可知,即使作者在写作中出现了很多错误,怀特老师从不给予纠正,而是给颗星星,有时甚至批阅“Good”,正是老师的这种态度引起了母亲的担心。
2.推理判断题。由文章第三段怀特老师不想通过批改孩子们的作文而使他们丧失了对写作的热情可知,孩子们学习文字的兴趣是十分重要的。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段第四、五句可知,作者的高中老师因为他/她总犯拼写错误而很恼火,甚至告诉作者在想使用丰富的词汇时至少先把单词拼写准确。 2答案及解析：答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.D解析：这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中融合中国传统建筑文化,获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利策奖,这让中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。1. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知,王澍获得2012年普利策奖,而普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖,他是第一个获此奖的中国人,故推知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。故B项正确。2. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段对CAA校园的描述可知,它的设计风格独特,与大多数中国大学的校园很不同,许多游客感对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到吃惊,故C正确。3. 细节理解题。根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者Tadao Ando的评语可知,王澍设计的成功之处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计,并保持两者的和谐,故D正确。4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created可知,传统的研究要与实践相结合,在实践中进行再创造,否则就会是人工的和空的,故D正确。【点睛】根据事实细节,推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,作出一定判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话,也可是某几句话,但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据,既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说,要做到判断有据, 推论有理,忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意,切忌片面思考,得出片面结论。此题的第一小题和第四小题为推理判断题。第1题根据第二段第二句可知Wang Shu 获得2012年普利策奖,相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖,再根据第三句他是第一个获此奖的中国人可知,中国建筑现在得到了国际认可,因得到认可才能获奖。此题的解题关键时根据原文的两个信息句进行的判断,而ACD原文中没有提及。 3答案及解析：答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.D; 4.B解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段的two fifths of people support building downwards 以及后文的of the 2,000 surveyed 可知,参加调査的一共有2000人,其中2/5的人赞成建造地下城市,故一共800人赞成。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段的According to the countrywide survey, four in ten Britons believe 并综合本文内容可知,本文主要讲了一个在英国进行的民意调査,故答案选A。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第五段的with crops and animals on roofs among tall city buildings可推知,城市农场只能出现在高屋住宅中。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的but anything could happen in the next 50 years可知,Dr Morgan认为一切皆有可能,所以他认为解决未来居住空间的问题是有希望的。 4答案及解析：答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A; 4.D解析：1.本文通过调查分析告诉人们要改变传统观念应首先考虑选择技术工作的培训—因为它人才缺乏,待遇更高。
小题1:推断题。阅读全文可知A、C 原文没有提到,D 在原文已明确提到,再根据 The old gap that white-collar workers make a better living than blue collar workers no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favors the skilled workmen 可推知在人们的眼中,白领工人以前比蓝领工人赚钱多,故B 为正确选项。
2.细节题。根据Whether they want to go to college or not doesn’t matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go 可知上大学不是出于学生本意,而是出于父母及学校等方面的压力,可见D 不是大学入学人数增加的原因。
3.推断题。根据最后一段Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up 可知作者列举了三种情况,说明有些人不适合大学教育,故选A。
4.推断题。阅读全文可知作者通过调查告诉人们大学教育人才过多,而技术工人又非常缺乏,因而待遇反而更高;接着又分析了造成这种状况的传统观念;最后还谈到了很多上了大学却因种种原因无法完成学业,所有这些都在暗示人们上大学的人应该减少,而参加技术工作培训的人应该增多,故选D。 5答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D解析：1.细节理解题根据第二段中的“ Dogs and cats sold in pet stores often come from inhumant- puppy and kitten mills that treat animals with no regard for iheir health or well-being”可知,它们曾遭受过虐待。故选A。
2.推理判断题,根据第二段可知第4区主管Katy Tang支持禁令,赞成小动物等待人们来收养让它们有个永恒的家园。由此可知选A。
3.同义猜测题,根据第二段内容可知选C。
4.推理判断题,根据尾段内容可知洛杉矶、圣迭戈、芝加哥、费城、 波士顿和奥斯汀也有类似的法律,希望有更多的地方能效仿。由此可推断出越来越多的城市加入这种有关动物权利保护的行列。故选D。 6答案及解析：答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A; 4.D解析：1.推理判断题。第二段说的是害羞的人的特征,由They are intrinsically(内在地) motivated and therefore seek content regardless of achieving an outside standard.可知选 B。
2.推理判断题。根据题干中的little Johnny定位到文章第三段,根据本段内容可知选D。
3.推理判断题,作者引用伟人的话是为了印证自己的观点。由前文中…working with little information and sticking to their inner desires. Shy people are also more likely to insist on finding solutions that aren't primarily apparent.及该句句意可知选A。
4.推理判断题通读全文可知作者主要通过对比和举例的方式论证自己的观点,故选D。