湖南省部分市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编：阅读理解

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湖南省部分市
2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
湖南省郴州市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试（质量监测）英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Christmas is a time of great joy but it can also lead to over—consumption. Here's how to cut back on unnecessary purchases （购头）and help save the planet in the process.
Get an eco-friendly tree
Having a Christmas tree at home has been a British tradition since the 1700s and we fill our homes with around 8 million a year. But we know plastic trees pollute the planet and cutting down a two—metre tree can produce up to 16 kg of CO2 when it rots in landfill according to the Carbon Trust. But there is an alternative. You can rent a tree from Eco—Elf who deliver it to your door, and then collects it after Christmas to replant it in their UK forests.
Give gifts that make new memories
There's so much pressure to buy friends, family, colleagues, or neighbours a gift at this time of year. But in fact around £42 million worth of Christmas presents aren't wanted and end up in dustbins each year, which is not eco—friendly. Chances are your loved ones would rather spend more time with you than have more gifts. You could either book an experience together like a cooking class or a boat trip; organise a nature treasure hunt or go bird - watching; or share a skill you have with them like fixing their bike.
21. What do we know about eco-friendly Christmas trees?
A. They will produce much CO2.
B. They can be bought from Eco-Elf.
C. They can be replanted after Christmas.
D. They have been used by British since the 1700s.
22. Which Christmas gift is Not suggested according to the passage?
A. Fixing your friend's bike.
B. Organizing a business trip.
C. Enjoying bird-watching.
D. Sharing a cooking class with your kids.
23. What's the aim of the passage?
A. To introduce several Christmas traditions.
B. To cut back on any purchases at Christmas.
C. To help people have an eco—friendly Christmas.
D. To remind people to spend more time with family at Christmas.
B
Parents have a new tool in the battle over screen time with an Australian app asking kids to solve one math or English problem before they can unlock their phones, which helps children learn something useful during their screen time.
Sydney entrepreneurs （企业家）Issac and Ann Elnekave turned their bright idea into an app called 1-Question and tried it on their 16-year—old （laughter Alyssa.
"At first I wasn't sure about it, ” Alyssa said. "I didn't want my friends to blame me if their parents made them get it. But once I started using it, I realized it doesn't take that long to answer a question and it's actually pretty cool. ”
Research has shown almost half of children aged between 6 and 16 either have a mobile phone or have access to one. The majority play games or use apps like Youtube for an average of about five hours a day. "The 1 -Question app creates micro learning moments, n Mrs Elnekave said. "We created a solution that combine screen time and study. ”
Parents can download the $2. 99 a month app onto their child's phone, select their grade and curriculum（课程大纲）subjects, then monitor each time their child conectly answers a question to open a game or app such as Youtube.
“We designed the user experience to be really simple, but behind the app is our incredibly intelligent Al engine, ” Mr. Elnekave said. "As your child learns, so does the Al, which works out each child's areas of strength and weakness and creates a customized path for their learning/
The app has a base of 12, 000 questions developed by teachers using the Australian, British and American curriculum designed for primary school children.
24. What do we know about the 1-Question app?
A. It is free of charge.
B. It contains questions suitable for high school students.
C. It helps children learn something useful during their screen time.
D. Children need to answer more than one question correctly to unlock their phones.
25. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. The popularity of mobile phones.
B. The way to download the 1-Question app.
C. The influence of phone games on children.
D. The function and significance of the question app.
26. What does the underlined word “customized" mean?
A. Special. B. Easy. C. Useless. D. Interesting.
27. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Finance. D. Health.
C
Each morning, Caitriona Lally gets up at 4:45 am, puts on her blue coat and heads over to the college to clean from 6 am to 9:30 am. Then she returns home to take care of her (laughter, Alice. The day she got the call telling her she won the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature, Alice was sick on the bed.
Caitriona Lally said, “I understand that my choice of job is an unusual one for a writer, and that's what has attracted media interest. But as long as my story is told accurately, I'm OK with it. The only thing I'm worried about in the report is any suggestion that my life is tougher than it actually is, or that I'm inspiring because I work a cleaning job. But the fact is that 1 have a partner who works full time, which allows me to clean part-time, write part- time, and be at home with our (laughter most of the week. There are people who have to work two or three jobs who don't get to see their children as often as they like. I've also had the chance of going to university and I've been able to choose a physical job. "
After graduating in 2004 from Trinity College Dublin, Lally worked as an English teacher in Japan for a year and then traveled a lot. Back in Ireland, she did various jobs, including as a copywriter, and she went to New York for a time as a home helper. She found herself unemployed in 2011, which was when she got the idea for Eggshells. She had stayed friends with some of her old cleaning friends from Trinity, and they told her the school was hiring cleaners. So she went back. She said she finds cleaning large empty rooms, especially beautiful libraries at the college, to be peaceful.
Winners over the years have become some of Ireland, s best-known writers. She hadn't applied for the award; the committee selects the candidates(候选者). We choose the lifestyle as we want, and life chooses the winner as it wants.
28. What was Caitriona Lally doing when she got the call that she had won the prize?
A. She was writing a new novel.
B. She was taking care of her (laughter.
C. She was traveling abroad with her family.
D. She was cleaning the library room of the Trinity College Dublin.
29. Why did Caitriona Lally choose to be a cleaner in a college?
A. Because her old friends advised her to be a cleaner.
B. Because she must do the cleaning job to make a living.
C. Because she couldn 4 find a better job than being a cleaner.
D. Because this job offered her time and peaceful mind to write at the same time.
30. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Caitriona Lally applied for the Prize.
B. Caitriona Lally wanted to attract media interest.
C. Caitriona Lally did many jobs after graduation.
D. Caitriona Lally has become the best-known writer in Ireland.
31. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. An Unusual Cleaner and Writer B. An Inspiring Cleaner
C. An Ireland's Best-known Writer D. A Great Woman
D
Things were looking great for Alexi McCammond. Black, female and 27, she was named editor-in-chief of a famous magazine Teen Vogue.
But an unexpected incident ended her career before it began. A group of employees wrote a letter stopping her from being the editor-in-chief because of several online tweets （推文）she had written ten years earlier, when she was a teenager. In them Ms McCammond wrote how to avoid waking up with “Ugly, Asian eyes”. She complained about her poor grades in chemistry: "Thanks a lot, stupid Asian teacher \
She had apologized for these comments in the past, but a killing in Georgia on March 16th, in which six victims were Asian women, made her apology look even worse. Two days later, Ms McCammond wrote on Twitter again一to say that she had agreed to give up the Teen Vogue job.
Why do tweets keep destroying people? The answer may lie in the language. In form, the language of social media is written—but in style, it is far more like speech. Twitter9s word limit encourages short posts that are like talking. People write them as they speak, using incomplete sentences, slang, informal spellings （to show pronunciation） and so on. Language experts use Twitter to study changes in vocabulary, grammar and usage, which shows that the language of tweets is very similar to oral chatting. Finally, those who are direct or outspoken in speech may be more popular on Twitter.
In order to be one of those popular, people especially teenagers, may make wrong remarks just as Ms McCammond did. Posts may seem to disappear as time goes by, but unless they are deleted they live on forever. In other words, the Internet has its memory, so be careful that something improper one post online can destroy him or her someday.
32. What did a group of employees do in Paragraph 2?
A. Disagreed with McCammond.
B. Worked as responsible editors.
C. Wrote a letter to the editor-in-chief.
D. Prevented McCammond from being the editor-in-chief.
33. According to the passage, what did McCammond decide to do?
A. Gave up her job.
B. Got good grades in chemistry.
C. Continued using social media.
D. Made an apology for her decision.
34. Which words are probably Not used on Twitter?
A. Hope so. B. I'll be back soon.
C. It's over my head. D. 2B or not 2B.
35. What's the author's attitude towards posts on Twitter?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Careful. D. Unclear.

湖南省怀化市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Senior high school is not only just attending classes and attempting to get high grades. Students can make the most of the opportunities high school offers you to explore your interests and sometimes interact with fellow students in clubs. Here are some introductions of popular clubs.
Speech Club
Do you enjoy talking? Do you think you can be a future lawyer? Try out for the school's speech team. Not only will you meet people and make friends, you'll also get to practice public speaking, a valuable. important tool that you will use at every stage of your life. By researching, talking about debating hot-button political, social, cultural and environment topics, you will also become more aware and up-to-date on current events.
Band Club
Are you in a band in junior high? If so, you probably remember always hanging around with your musical friends. If you haven't joined any high school club yet, you should! Most high school bands give performances, and even go on trips to Disney land. Not sure? Did I mention that studies show that students with music education tend to receive higher grades? You read it right.
Red Cross Club
If you are interested in the medical field or planning to take a combined M. D. program, perhaps you should consider joining your school's Chinese Red Cross Club. As part of the high school club working with the local Red Cross chapter, you can become a lifeguard, learn how to perform first aid, or become a trained instructor who teaches others.
Language Clubs
Can you speak Spanish, French, or German? Or maybe you just really like the foreign language class! Either way, you should consider joining your school's language clubs and lean a new language during your past time. Spanish, French and German clubs put on several charity and cultural events throughout the academic year. You could be helping others in need, and making new friends all at the same time!
21. Which club suits you best if you want to become a lawyer?
A. Speech Club. B. Band Club. C. Red Cross Club. D. Language Clubs.
22. What is special about Band Club?
A. It ensures students to practice public speaking.
B. It helps improve students' grades.
C. It enables students to be lifeguards.
D. It makes students9 speaking ability better.
23. What do Red Cross Club and Language Clubs have in common?
A. They both can give you a trip to Disneyland.
B. They make you a man of many talents and languages.
C. They enable you to help people who are in need.
They can help you to be a person with first aid knowledge.
B
"Is this the long way?" "asked the young mother as she set foot on the path. And the Guide said, "Yes, and the way is hard, and you will be old before you reach the end of it. But the end will be better than the beginning. "
The young mother was happy. She played with her children, fed them and bathed them, and taught them how to tie their shoes and ride a bike. The sun shone on them and the young mother cried, "Nothing will ever be lovelier than this. "Then the night came, the path was dark, and the children shook with fear and cold, and the mother covered them close with her arms. And the morning came, and there was a hill ahead, and the children climbed and grew weary, and the mother was weary too. But at all times she said to the children, "A little patience and we will be there. ""The children climbed and learned weather the storm. Year after year, she showed them understanding, compassion and hope, and, most of all, unconditional love. And when they reached the top, they said, "Mother, we could not have done it without you. "
The days went on, and the weeks and the months and the years. The mother grew old, and she became little and bent. But her children were tall and strong. And when the way became rough for her, they lifted her, and gave her strength, just as she had given them hers. One day they came to a hill, and beyond the hill they could see a shining road and golden gates. And Mother said, "I have reached the end of my journey. And now I know the end is better than the beginning, because my children can walk with dignity and pride. , with their heads high, and so can their children after them. "And the children said, "You will always be in our hearts, Mother, even when you have gone through the gate. " asking new friends all at the same time!
21. Which club suits you best if you want to become a lawyer?
A. Speech Club. B. Band Club. C. Red Cross Club. D. Language Clubs.
22. What is special about Band Club?
A. It ensures students to practice public speaking.
B. It helps improve students' grades.
C. It enables students to be lifeguards.
D. It makes students9 speaking ability better.
23. What do Red Cross Club and Language Clubs have in common?
A. They both can give you a trip to Disneyland.
B. They make you a man of many talents and languages.
C. They enable you to help people who are in need.
D. They can help you to be a person with first aid knowledge.
C
On Friday night, a new gym opened in the Wangjing district in Beijing. The gym is decorated in a modern style, with black walls and French windows.
On the first day of opening, guests enjoyed a fruit and vegetable salad made by the cooks in the gym's cafe. "I want to help people live a new lifestyle. I hope exercise can become a natural part of their daily life, "said Li Wen, who is 32 years old now. He also runs a bar near the gym.
Li Wen was a soccer player, so he pays a lot of attention to health and exercises all the time. After he retired from football, he entered Communication University of China. He studied news and media there. Thanks to his love for healthy activities and doing exercise, he still looks fit. Two years ago, he and his wife brought two healthy twin sons into the world.
He opened the Cafe in order to provide a place for eating and taking a shower. In this way, the members of the gym don't have to waste time looking for another place. There is also a laundry room （洗衣房）. In other words, he tries to provide a one-stop service.
The gym has also created a proper diet for the member. After finishing training, the members can take a shower and enjoy the healthy food directly. It really saves a lot of time. The cafe not only provides service for the members of the gym, but it is also open to the public. So other people also can enjoy the healthy food there.
28. Why did Li Wen build the gym?
A. To support his family. B. To encourage himself to exercise.
C. To help people live a new lifestyle. D. To give his sons a place to play freely.
29. What do we know about Li Wen from the text?
A. He opened the gym two years ago. B. He had two children when he was 30.
C. He runs a bar with two of his friends. D. He studied soccer at university.
30. According to the text, the gym ___________________.
A. is decorated in French style
B. will be open to the public soon
C. provides only healthy fruit and vegetable salad
offers a one-stop service to help guests save time
D. offers a one-stop service to help guests save time
31. What can members do in the gym?
A. Have their clothes washed. B. Enjoy free and healthy food.
C. Cook a proper meal themselves. D. Learn how to make vegetable salad.
D
Since the discovery of a well-preserved mummy, called Otzi the Iceman, in the Otztal Valley in the Alps, near the border between Austria and Italy in 1991, scientists have recovered plenty of information from his 5, 300-year-old body. The brown-eyed man most likely spent his 40 years farming and herding, and was probably suffering from a painful stomachache at the time he died.
Otzi was thought to be the body of a soldier who fought during WWI, but was found to be thousands of years older after 25 years of broad scientific research. The Iceman was recovered back in 1991 with various clothing, including a hide coat, a fur hat, and hay shoes. Due to the rotting （分解）of the leather and fur over thousands of years, however, researchers have been unable to finally prove specific animal species for some of the elements of Otzi' clothes.
Understanding the choice of animals used in ancient clothing production — domestic or wild, local or imported — provides a unique chance to learn about the human past: Did the clothing reflect the social status of the wearer? Were animal skins selected just due to their availability, or were certain types of leathers and furs valuable for specific qualities?
Analyzing Otzi showed that the items with him were all of different ages. His arrows are 7,000 years old, the axe（斧头）belonged to a time hundreds of years later and the skin in which the man was dressed originally belonged to a goat that lived in China.
There are still many mysteries surrounding Otzi, yet the most famous and frightening one is his curse （诅咒）. It is said that Otzi had mysterious powers and those who trouble his dead body will be doomed（注定）to die. Otzi has claimed seven people so far. With the death of several people who have touched the remains of the ancient man, the "Otzi curse" mystery has snowballed. 32. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. Explaining the cause of Otzi's death.
B. Stating how important Otzi the Iceman is.
C. Making a brief introduction to Otzi the Iceman.
D. Showing the lifestyle of Otzi the Iceman.
33. Why did researchers study the clothing of Otzi?
A. To draw inspiration for today's clothing design.
B. To know the wild animals in Otzi's time.
C. To learn about the social status of the wearer.
D. To know plenty of information about the human past.
34. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The Clothing of Otzi B. A Well-preserved Mummy
C. The Curse of the Iceman D. A Soldier with Mysterious Powers
35. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. A science magazine. B. An advertisement.
C. A doctor's notebook. D. A student's textbook.

湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第一节（共 15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分 37. 5 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Are you looking for books to inspire and encourage you? Well, check out our selection of books! Both print books and their digital forms are available right here on our site.
Animal Farm by George Orwell
Hardcover: $7. 48
E-book: $1.99
The book tells the story of a group of farm animals who fight against their human farmer, hoping to create a society where the animals can be equal, free, and happy.
Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck
Hardcover: $8. 18
E-book: $2. 19
Two close friends who are different in size and personalities, come from different situations, but end up going through struggles of the real world together. Throughout the book, Steinbeck express the big idea "the need for friendship"
Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman
Hardcover. $19. 66
E-book: $2. 99
The collection consists of various themes and styles but all the works are connected, with each representing poet Whitman's celebration of nature and the individual human's role.
Educated: A Memoir by Tara Westover
Hardcover: $23. 99
E-book: $3. 99
Do you take your life for granted? your knowledge? access to information? This book will have you questioning and appreciating your own life. In the book, Westover tells her own story of distancing her family in order to go to college, and stresses the importance of education in expanding her word.
21. Which book will attract readers who are interested in poetry?
A. Leaves of Grass B. Of Mice and Men
C. Animal Farm D. Educated: A Memoir
22. What do we know about the book Educated: A Memoir?
A. Its author gains educational support from her family.
B. It expresses ideas of equality and friendship.
C. It tells a fictional story of a poor teenager.
D. Its author benefits from receiving education.
23. What might be the purpose of the text?
A. To introduce readers books in the library.
B. To attract readers to buy books.
C. To call on people to be friendly with each other.
D. To suggest people protecting animals.
B
For the fist time in two years, our school held a Halloween homecoming dance. This year's homecoming was around a recent soccer victory against the neighboring school. Everyone was in a particularly festive mood.
At the same time, for a safer gathering during the COVID-19（冠状病毒）, we were required to hold the dance outdoors if we wanted to go mask-free. This was unfortunate because temperatures in Boston were expected to be no higher than 10℃ that night. Later, I realized that the cold was the least of my worries.
We sent apology letters out to the neighbors surrounding the school and told them to expect loud music on Oct 29. Then on that Friday night, members of the Student Union gathered together to decorate the tent provided by the school as a protection from the cold.
After two hours of blowing balloons, putting fake spider（假蜘蛛）webs on tees and setting up the food table, people started showing up in their costumes. I ran away to the bathroom to dress up. Having seen all he news about Asian hate in the US, I decided that it was important to present Asian spirit-thus I proudly dressed myself up in a traditional Chinese qipao.
When I got outside again, the dance was in full swing. There was a DJ spinning songs（打歌）, and the lights were flashing away, though no one was on the dance floor yet. However, things took a sharp turn when a familiar song-Gangnam Shyle by South Korean singer Psy-came on, and the dance floor was never empty again until the end of the evening. With every beat drop, the crowd jumped crazily to the beat, and I followed along. My feet hurt so much at the end of the evening, but I'll admit that it was worth all of the excitement I experienced.
24. What can we learn about the homecoming dance?
A. It was our school's first-ever homecoming.
B. It was celebrated after a sports victory.
C. It was held to fight against COVID-19.
D. It aimed to compete with another school.
25. What was the challenge they had faced in preparation?
A. Requirements for mask wearing outdoors.
B. A lack of decorating materials.
C. Noise complaints from neighbors.
D. Low temperature at night.
26. Why was the author dressed herself in qipao?
A. To stop Asian hate. B. To promote Halloween spirit
C. To show Asian culture. D. To show her uniqueness.
27. What does the underlined phrase "in full swing" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Going well and strong. B. Getting well prepared.
C. Getting started officially. D. Being in an awkward silence.
C
Reflection of real culture?
Crazy Rich Asians, adapted from Singaporean-American author Kevin Kwan's 2013 novel of the same name, has become a surprisingly successful Hollywood movie and a hot topic on social media.
Without doubt, the film is a rare US film with an all-Asian actors, full of Asian elements, such as characters playing mahjong or using red decorations at a wedding. It could be said that Crazy Rich Asians reflects a new trend in Hollywood for multiculturalism（多元化）. Just like fans who praised Black Panther(2018)for featuring African characters, those from Asia now have role models of their own in a Hollywood movie.
However, when we take a closer look at the film, we can see that it's clearly produced for a Western audience. The film is about the funny story of Chinese-American professor Rachel Chu and her rich Singaporean boyfriend Nick Young and his family. According to The Paper, although the movie throws light on Asian culture, it is till a display of American values, instead of those of Asian people. I still can't help showing the cultural radiations and lifestyle of the US. The romance story even finds its rots in Disney fairy tales. In the movie, the large houses and the fancy parties represent the lives seen in movies like The Great Gatsby(2013)and The Wolf of Wall Stet (2013)
"There are a lot of people who don't relate to that …. of course there will be lot of fair criticism（批评）about the fact that it doesn't fully represent the entire population, " wrote Penelope Poulou of VOA News.
According to Psychology Today, the film is "not an accurate（准确的）description of most Asians nor is it meat to be". So, although Crazy Rich Asians doesn't completely break stereotypes （刻板印象）of Asian people, it's still a small step in the right direction. And while it' encouraging to see a movie about Asian people made for a Western audience, it's obvious that there's sill a long way to go.
28. What can we learn about Crazy Rich Asians?
A. It was on show in 2013. B. It is adapted from a TV series.
C. It stars all-Asian actors. D. It was shot in China.
29. The author mentioned Black Panther mainly to___________________.
A. describe the popularity of multiculturalism in the US
B. show Hollywood's efforts in promoting multiculturalism
C. stress the differences between the two films
D. explain its influence on Crazy Rich Asians
30. Why have some people criticized Crazy Rich Asians?
A. It fails to describe real Asian culture.
B. It doesn't change Americans' stereotypes of Asians.
C. It has copied from The Great Gatsby.
D. It shows too much American elements.
31. Which word best describes the author's attitude toward Crazy Rich Asians?
A. Subjective. B. Disappointed. C. Objective. D. Doubtful
D
Have you ever heard that some animals can understand zero as well? Experiments with monkeys and birds have proven that they can master it. But now, the understanding of zero has been found in a most unlikely candidate（候选人）: bees.
According to a recently published study in the journal Science, Australian and French researchers worked together to do experiments to prove that bees are the first insects 昆虫）to "understand that zero belongs a the lower end of a sequence（序列） of number", according to a report by Science Daily.
Scarlet Howard, a researcher at RMIT University in Melboune, trained bees to choose from several cards with different numbers of shapes printed on them. Correctly choosing the card with the fewest shapes earned them a reward（回报）of sugar water. For example, the bees learned to choose three elements when given traverses four or two elements when given two versus three. And then these bees were given a challenge-a card that was entirely plain and that they had never see before; But 64 percent of the time, they chose to fly toward the plain card instead of the card that had shapes on it. This suggest that the insects understand that zero stands for something less than two or three, according to Science magazine.
The researchers said that the findings have opened a door to new understandings of how different brains understand zero. "If bees can understand zero with a brain of less than a million neurons（神经元）（compared with the 86000million neurons of a human brain）, it suggests there are simple and useful ways to teach AI new tricks. "
32. What did the Australian and French researchers recently find?
A. Bees can tell different shapes.
B. Bees can understand the meaning of zero.
C. Bees are better at numbers than monkeys and birds.
D. Mot insects can be trained to understand numbers.
33. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The process of the experiment. B. The reason for the experiment.
C. The preparations for the experiment. D. The result of the experiment.
34. Why is the study important?
A. It proves that animals can understand what hero is.
B. It explains the importance of zero in modern maths.
C. It suggests bees can complete more difficult tasks.
D. It shows there might be easier ways to rain AI.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Bees: An insect can make sense of zero.
B. A new way to train bees how to perform.
C. AI: A robot can play tricks.
D. A new finding of creating AI with a simple brain.

湖南省湘西自治州2021-2022学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题
第一节 阅读理解（共12小题，每小题3分，满分36分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Lingokids
Kids will learn English when they discover 5 different topics in Lingokids, including Animals, Food, Nature and Places. The app also provides many enjoyable games which help kids to improve their English skills like listening. speaking, reading and writing. What’s more, this app uses English songs and many interesting short stories to make the lessons easier to “digest”.
Lessons: The app provides a great many topics with different contents. The English lessons are all designed to meet learners’ needs and learning goals.
Monkey Junior
The app uses pictures and real photos to help you learn the content of lessons. It allows kids to learn English with the objects that they usually see in their daily life, newspapers or magazines. With Monkey Junior, kids can learn English and even some other languages. Besides, parents can easily choose suitable levels for their kids. Each level offers a variety of interesting lessons.
Lessons: The app gives learners a great number of lessons with different content.
Fun English
The app offers a great number of interesting topics that kids can choose as their most favorite, including colors, animals, numbers, food, transportations, the human body, fruits, clothes, houses, sea creatures, school items, and actions.
Lessons: Fun English contains a huge number of free lessons and games.
English for Kids
The app concentrates on helping kids to practice English through all kinds of games. These games are divided into 4 groups: Flashcard, Sentence Games, Word Games, Crossword puzzles.
Lessons: A sea of lessons are here! Sentence Games and Word Games are designed to give basic lessons, which really makes the study process more appealing.
1. Who are the most probable potential users of these apps?
A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Kids. D. Foreigners.
2. In which way is Monkey Junior different from the other three apps?
A. It has many stories to read. B. It will supply French or Chinese lessons.
C. It hasn’t many potential users. D. It has many interesting short stories to read.
3. What does these apps have in common?
A. They each supply kids a lot of lessons to learn. B. All the lessons are interesting and very easy.
C. They help kids to learn English through games. D. All supply lessons for parents and their kids.
4. If you want to learn English through songs, which app is most suitable for you?
A English for Kids B. Monkey Junior C. Fun English D. Lingokids
B
It was bad enough when COVID- 19 closed schools in Philadelphia, US, in March. Like a lot of students, Makyla Linder, 16, found herself getting bored. So she started watching baking videos and shows on TV and online. Soon, she started baking on her own.
Cupcakes and chocolate-covered strawberries were her first creations.
“I tried them on my friends when they came to my house,” Linder sad. “I also tried them on my family. They said my creations were good.”
For most children, that would have been enough. But Linder had bigger ideas. She asked her mom - what if she started selling her baked goods?
With the help of her mother, Linder got more baking supplies and equipment. She started taking orders online. More people started hearing about her business. Linder also started giving out business cards to make her company more well-know.
She also improved her baking as time went on. She researched new recipes (食谱) and learned good baking skills. She now sells chocolate-covered cookies, chocolate apples and banana pudding. She has some customers who have returned to her several times. They say her prices are good. She charges $15 for a dozen cupcakes or cake pops.
When school reopened in September, Linder had to focus more on her studies. “I wanted to do both, but I understand that school is much more important right now,” she said. However, she still watches cooking shows to get new ideas for her business.
5. What special thing did Linder do after COVID-19 broke out?
A. She started a baking business. B. She made her own cooking show.
C. She invited friends over for parties. D. She gave online baking lessons.
6. What do people think about Linder’s creation?
A. They are creative. B. They are delicious. C. They are well-known. D. They are not big enough.
7 What opinion do her returning customers have?
A Linder is good at making money. B. Linder spends a lot of money.
C. Linder’s baked goods aren’t expensive. D. Linder’s baked goods are too cheap.
8 What do we know from the story?
A. Linder didn’t return to school this year. B. Linder is proud of her studies.
C. Linder will open a new bakery soon. D. Linder will keep studying baking.
C
Book clubs are a great way to meet new friends or keep in touch with old ones, while keeping up on your reading and taking part in lively and interesting discussions. If you’re interested in starting a book club, you should consider the following options and suggestions.
The first thing you’ll need is your members. Think carefully about how many people will participate and what the club’s focus will be. For example, some book clubs focus only on fiction, others read nonfiction. All of these possibilities can make for a great club, but it is important to decide on a focus at the beginning so the guidelines (准则) will be clear to the group and potential members.
After making the basic preparations, recruitment (招募) can begin. Try to invite friends and family, advertise in the local newspapers, stores, colleges, libraries, and bookstores. When enough people express interest, schedule a kick-off meeting during which decisions will be made about useful guidelines that will ensure the club runs smoothly. This meeting will need to determine where the group will meet; how often the group will meet, and on which day of the week and at what time; how long the meetings will be; how books will be chosen and by whom; who will lead the group; and whether snacks will be served and if so, who will supply them. By the end of this meeting, these guidelines should be set and a book selection and date for the first official meeting should be fixed.
Planning and running a book club is really challenging, but when a book club is run effectively, the experience can be extremely happy and satisfying for everyone.
9. According to the passage, when one starts a book club, the first thing to do is ________.
A. Try to invite friends and family. B. put an ad in a local newspaper.
C. decide on the focus and size of the club. D. decide when and where to meet.
10. What does the underlined word “participate” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. attract B. benefit C. notice D. join
11. A good title for this passage would be ________.
A. Book Clubs: A Great Way to Make New Friends.
B. Starting a Successful Book Club: A Guide.
C. Five Easy Steps to Starting a Successful Book Club.
D. Reading in Groups: Sharing Experiences, Developing Friendships.
12. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Smaller groups are better for a lot of reasons.
B. The social aspect of book clubs is more important than anything.
C. Starting your own book club is better than joining an existing one.
D. When you start and run a book club, good preparations is necessary.

湖南省益阳市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Inventions change how we live, work, play and think about what’s possible. Every year, TIME magazine lists the 100 best inventions according to their creativity and influence on our lives. What did the magazine choose in 2021? Let's take a look.
Easier to read
Reading can be a big challenge for those who may have poor vision or reading difficulties. But OrCam Read can help them! It’s the first of its kind reading pen with a smart camera and an AI system. After scanning a page of text with the click of a button, it can read the text aloud to the user. You don’t need to connect it to the Internet. You can use it nearly everywhere.
Sweet idea
Honey is produced by bees. But today’s beekeeping business is not good for these hard-working insects. Dee farmers may kill them after harvesting honey because it’s cheaper than feeding the bees through the winter. To save bees, US company McliBio has found a way to make the world’s first bee-free honey. They used synthetic biology to create honey directly from plants. This kind of honey tastes just like the real one, and it is healthy, too.
Keep you calm
When you feel angry or unhappy, what do you do about it7 Scientists say you can try to calm others. This can help you calm down. That’s why Purrble was invented. This furry, bear-like toy has 9 sensors. It has a quick “heartbeat” and can respond to your touch. As you hold and pet it’s its heartbeat slows. And it purrs（发出咕噜声）like a cat. It sounds like it really enjoys your touch!
Through petting Purrble, you will become more aware of your own feelings and learn how to feel calm yourself.
1. How should people with reading difficulties use OrCam Read?
A. Connect it to the Internet. B. Connect it to a small camera.
C. Use it to scan pictures they can’t see. D. Use it to scan the text they need to read.
2. What do we know about the new kind of honey?
A. It is made from real honey.
B. It is not good for human health.
C. It has the same taste as real honey.
D. It helps beekeeping businesses make more money.
3. How can Purrble help calm you?
A. It can help you know your feelings. B. Its sensors can sense your anger.
C. Its purrs can slow your heartbeats. D. It can touch you with its furry hands.
B
In 2021, Canadian glaciers melted rapidly. In some parts of Asia, month’s worth of rain fell in just a few hours. Europe saw severe flooding, and Madagascar faced a big drought （干旱）. The world is going through a series of weather disasters caused by climate change.
Faced with these serious problems, from Oct 30 to Nov 12, the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 26) took place in Glasgow, UK. Global leaders from more than 190 countries came together, reviewing progress on their promises made since the 2015 Paris Agreement, and also discussing new steps to fight the climate crisis.
The main aim of COP 26 was to make sure that previous goals could be reached. They include achieving net zero carbon emissions（碳排放）globally by mid-century and keeping the global temperature increase below 2°C.
Net zero means that a country should take as much climate-changing gases out of the atmosphere as it puts in. China, for example, promised to peak carbon emissions before 2030 and reach net zero before 2060.
To reach these goals, all parties need to work together. At COP 26, developed countries agreed to raise S500 billion (about 3.195 trillion yuan) over the next five years to help developing regions with climate change. More than 100 nations reached some agreements, one of which is to stop deforestation and restore the world’s forests by 2030. Brazil has cut down huge amounts of the Amazon rainforest in recent years. The country also backed the deal.
4. What does the writer want to tell us by examples in Paragraph 1?
A. When weather disasters happen.
B. Climate problems are getting worse.
C. Where climate problems are most serious.
D. Climate problems are different in different places.
5. According to the text, what’s the main goal of COP 26?
A. To change the Paris Agreement.
B. To share technology for reaching net zero.
C. To make sure earlier goals will be achieved.
D. To choose a new leader for the organization.
6. What might the writer suggest doing to deal with weather disasters?
A. The developed countries should set more five-year plans.
B. All developing regions should depend on developed countries.
C. All countries should stop making money at the cost of global climate.
D. The world need to make a joint effort to fight against the climate change.
7. Where can we most probably read this article?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a novel. C. In a guidebook. D. In a poster.
C
On Nov 8. Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, became China’s first and the world’s 16th female spacewalker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many people curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular（舱外的）activities (EVAs). Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.
Mutual understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is the basis of excellent communication skills. Women arc superior in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs. Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.
Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized （优化） this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.
Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles. Besides, men often do well in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, while women are better in longer-tenn, habitation-type circumstances, according to National Geographic.
Women’s participation in EVAs is a necessary part of space missions, and we are witnessing （见证）history thanks to Wang’s bravery, according to Pang.
8. What can female astronauts’ communication skills help do?
A. Conduct various tasks. B. Do some space research.
C. Keep the crew’s spirits high. D. Rise to physical challenges.
9. Which of the following is an advantage females have over male astronauts?
A. Females can adapt to space more quickly.
B. Female bodies are stronger and more flexible.
C. Females deal with goal-oriented situations better than males.
D. Females pay more attention to details and think comprehensively.
10. What do we know about Wang’s EVAs?
A. She is the first ever female spacewalker.
B. The spacesuit she wore was specially designed.
C The mission she carried out showed the power of China.
D. She performed some tasks that her male partners couldn’t do.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The importance of female astronauts.
B. The advantages of females performing EVAs.
C. The preparations for the first female spacewalk.
D The challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.
D
Recently, a group of architects from South Korea are planning to design a smart city with all functional areas people need, including living areas, study rooms, offices an entertainment areas-all within a 10-minute walk from each other.
When explaining the aim of the city, Ben van Berkel, co-founder of design company UNStudio told CNN, “We do this to provide more choices for how residents can spend their living, working and leisure time, thereby saving them the time needed to travel elsewhere in the city - because with time that is saved, more time is created.”
The idea of such a city is not new. In 2016, French-Colombian researcher Carlos Moreno put forward the“15-minute city” concept The COVID-19 pandemic has made them more interested in the concept. During the pandemic, many people have been forced to spend most of their time at home, with limited access to much else outside of their immediate community.
Paloma Ezzet, 16, is an example. She said before the pandemic, she liked to play soccer or go dancing. But during the pandemic, she had to give them up as no such entertainment areas were in her community. “It is gloomy, lonely and frustrating,” Ezzet said.
French professor Roxana Bobulescu agrees that the pandemic has broken our routine, making us rethink our lives and what our cities look like. “If our way of life is no longer making sense, perhaps it’s time to consider other possibilities,” he told the website Business Because.
The well-resourced smart city like the “10-minute city” may be one alternative（替代选择） But not everyone is on board with the idea. Some critics said it would further concentrate wealth in the most accessible and convenient districts.
So with such risk, should people stop considering this concept and give up alternatives altogether? Maybe not. As Bobulescu said, “The seeds are there, and they’ll grow little by little.”
12. What do we know about the“10-minute city”?
A. People can walk through the whole city in 10 minutes.
B. It aims to meet people’s daily needs and bring them convenience.
C. It enables people to have more leisure time and less working time.
D. The concept was invented to solve problems caused by COVID-19.
13. Why is Paloma Ezzet mentioned in the text?
A. To explain the necessity of the “10-minute city”.
B. To show the influence COVID-19 has on people.
C. To describe what kind of community life people desire.
D. To prove entertainment areas are important to communities.
14. What does the underlined part “on board with” in paragraph 7 mean?
A. Disagree with. B. Care about. C. In favor of. D. Back down.
15. What’s the author’s attitude toward the “10-minute city”?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Critical.
答案：
湖南省郴州市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试（质量监测）英语试卷
1．C 2．B 3．C

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章倡导人们过一个环保的圣诞节并且给出了合理的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据Get an eco-friendly tree标题下最后一句“You can rent a tree from Eco-Elf who deliver it to your door, and then collects it after Christmas to replant it in their UK forests.”（你可以从Eco-Elf那里租一棵树，他们会把它送到你家门口，然后在圣诞节后收集起来，在他们的英国森林里重新种植。），可知我们对环保圣诞树了解到的是：它们可以在圣诞节后被再种植。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“You could either book an experience together like a cooking class or a boat trip; organise a nature treasure hunt or go bird-watching; or share a skill you have with them like fixing their bike.”（你可以一起预订一次体验，比如烹饪课或乘船旅行；组织自然寻宝或观鸟；或者与他们分享你的技能，比如修理他们的自行车。），可知ACD的圣诞礼物都被建议了，B选项（组织一次商务旅行。）这个圣诞礼物没有被建议。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Christmas is a time of great joy but it can also lead to over-consumption. Here’s how to cut back on unnecessary purchases (购买) and help save the planet in the process.”（圣诞节是一个充满欢乐的时刻，但也会导致过度消费。以下是如何减少不必要的购买，并在此过程中帮助拯救地球。），可知这篇文章的目的是帮助人们过一个环保的圣诞节。故选C。
4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的一款应用，它要求孩子们在解锁手机前先解决一道题，这可以帮助孩子们学习有用的东西。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Parents have a new tool in the battle over screen time with an Australian app asking kids to solve one math or English problem before they can unlock their phones, which helps children learn something useful during their screen time.”（家长们有了一个新的工具来争夺屏幕时间，澳大利亚的一款应用要求孩子们在解锁手机之前先解决一道数学或英语题，这可以帮助孩子们在屏幕时间学习有用的东西。）可知，1-Question应用程序可以帮助孩子们在屏幕时间学习有用的东西。故选C项。
5．主旨大意题。根据第四段““The 1-Question app creates micro learning moments,” Mrs Elnekave said. “We created a solution that combine screen time and study.””（“1-Question应用程序创造了微型学习时刻，”埃尔内卡夫女士说。“我们创造了一个结合了屏幕时间和学习的解决方案。”）可知，本段主要讨论了1-Question应用程序的功能和意义。故选D项。
6．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“As your child learns, so does the AI, which works out each child’s areas of strength and weakness”（随着孩子的学习，人工智能也在学习，它会计算出每个孩子的优势和劣势）可知，随着孩子的进步，人工智能会计算每个孩子的优势和劣势，为每个孩子制定特殊的学习路径，推测划线单词表示“特殊定制的”，与special同义。故选A项。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了一个新发明的应用程序，它会要求孩子们在解锁手机前先解决一道题，帮助孩子们学习有用的东西，推测文章出自报纸的“科学”版面。故选B项。
8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位选择在大学作清洁工的女士获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Then she returns home to take care of her daughter, Alice. The day she got the call telling her she won the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature, Alice was sick on the bed.”（然后她回家照顾她的女儿爱丽丝。她接到电话说她获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖的那天，爱丽丝卧病在床。）可知，凯特丽娜·拉里接到获奖电话时，她正在照顾自己的女儿。故选B项。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段“But the fact is that I have a partner who works full time, which allows me to clean part-time, write part-time, and be at home with our daughter most of the week.”（但事实上，我有一个全职工作的伴侣，这让我可以兼职打扫卫生，兼职写作，每周大部分时间都在家陪女儿。）以及第三段“She said she finds cleaning large empty rooms, especially beautiful libraries at the college, to be peaceful.”（她说，她发现打扫大而空的房间，尤其是学校里漂亮的图书馆，是一种宁静。）可知，凯特丽娜·拉里可以兼职工作，以得到时间陪伴女儿，可以在大学当清洁工的工作中获得宁静，所以凯特丽娜·拉里选择在大学当清洁工是因为这份工作给了她时间和平静的心态去写作。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“After graduating in 2004 from Trinity College Dublin, Lally worked as an English teacher in Japan for a year and then traveled a lot. Back in Ireland, she did various jobs, including as a copywriter, and she went to New York for a time as a home helper.”（2004年从都柏林圣三一大学毕业后，拉里在日本当了一年的英语老师，然后去了很多地方。回到爱尔兰后，她做了各种各样的工作，包括文案，还曾到纽约做过一段时间的家务助理。）可知，拉里毕业后做了很多种工作。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了一位选择在大学作清洁工的女士获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖，所以“一位不同寻常的清洁工和作家”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C

【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了《青少年时尚》杂志的主编因曾经发表不当言论失去了自己的工作，互联网是有记忆的，所以人们要谨慎，因为一篇不当的帖子可能会在某一天毁掉自己。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“A group of employees wrote a letter stopping her from being the editor-in-chief because of several online tweets she had written ten years earlier, when she was a teenager.”（一群员工写了一封信，阻止她担任主编，因为她十年前在十几岁的时候写的几条在线推文。）可知，一群员工写信阻止麦卡蒙德担任主编。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Two days later, Ms McCammond wrote on Twitter again—to say that she had agreed to give up the Teen Vogue job.”（两天后，麦卡蒙德再次在推特上写道，她同意放弃《青少年时尚》杂志的工作。）可知，麦卡蒙德决定放弃工作。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“In form, the language of social media is written—but in style, it is far more like speech.”（在形式上，社交媒体的语言是书面的，但在风格上，它更像是言语。）可知，社交媒体的语言在形式上是书面的，结合选项，B项“我很快就回来”是口头语言，不能在推特上使用。故选B项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In other words, the Internet has its memory, so be careful that something improper one post online can destroy him or her someday.”（换句话说，互联网有它的记忆，所以要谨慎，一篇不恰当的帖子可能会在某一天毁掉他或她。）可知，作者认为在Twitter上发表帖子要谨慎。故选C项。

湖南省怀化市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
1．A 2．B 3．C

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。高中不只是上课，并试图获得高分。学生可以充分利用高中提供给你的机会来探索自己的兴趣，有时还可以在俱乐部里与同学互动。文章介绍了四个受欢迎的俱乐部。
1．细节理解题。根据Speech Club中的“Do you enjoy talking? Do you think you can be a future lawyer? Try out for the school’s speech team.（你喜欢谈话吗? 你觉得你将来能成为一名律师吗? 参加学校演讲队的选拔）”，可知，如果你想成为一名律师，Speech Club俱乐部最适合你。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Band Club中“Did I mention that studies show that students with music education tend to receive higher grades? You read it right.（我有没有提到有研究表明受过音乐教育的学生往往会获得更高的分数? 你读对了）”，可知，Band Club有助于提高学生的成绩。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Red Cross Club中“As part of the high school club working with the local Red Cross chapter, you can become a lifeguard, learn how to perform first aid, or become a trained instructor who teaches others.（作为与当地红十字会合作的高中俱乐部的一员，你可以成为一名救生员，学习如何进行急救，或者成为一名训练有素的指导员，教授其他人）”和Language Clubs中“You could be helping others in need, and making new friends all at the same time!（你可以帮助需要帮助的人，同时结交新朋友!）”，可知，Red Cross Club 和Language Clubs的共同点是“它们使你能够帮助需要帮助的人”。故选C。
4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的母亲照顾孩子，鼓励孩子努力克服困难，爬越高山，日复一日，最终妈妈明白了导游的话“终点比起点好”的真谛。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段的“And the Guide said, “Yes, and the way is hard, and you will be old before you reach the end of it. But the end will be better than the beginning.””（导游说：“是的，这条路很难走，在你走到尽头之前你就会老了。但是尽头会比开头好。”）和最后一段的“And Mother said, “I have reached the end of my journey. And now I know the end is better than the beginning, because my children can walk with dignity and pride, with their heads high, and so can their children after them.””（母亲说：“我已经走到了旅程的终点。现在我知道终点比起点好，因为我的孩子们可以昂首挺胸，带着尊严和自豪行走，并且他们的孩子也可以同样跟随他们。”），可知导游说“结束会比开始好”是因为在母亲的照顾下，孩子们可以真正独立。故选B。
5．词义猜测题。根据第二段划线句和下一句“And the morning came, and there was a hill ahead, and the children climbed and grew weary, and the mother was weary too. But at all times she said to the children, “A little patience and we will be there.” ”（到了早晨，前面有一座小山，孩子们爬上去，感到weary，母亲也感到weary。但她总是对孩子们说：“耐心一点，我们就会在那里。”），结合句子意思和妈妈鼓励的话语，可推断爬山时应该感觉是疲倦的。A选项tired（疲劳的）符合题意。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Year after year, she showed them understanding, compassion and hope, and, most of all, unconditional love. And when they reached the top, they said, “Mother, we could not have done it without you.””（年复一年，她向他们展示了理解、同情和希望，尤其是无条件的爱。当他们到达山顶时，他们说：“妈妈，没有你，我们不可能成功。”），可知从第二段我们能推断出母亲在孩子的成长中起着重要的作用。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“And Mother said, “I have reached the end of my journey. And now I know the end is better than the beginning, because my children can walk with dignity and pride, with their heads high, and so can their children after them.” And the children said, “You will always be in our hearts, Mother, even when you have gone through the gate.””（母亲说：“我已经走到了旅程的终点。现在我知道终点比起点好，因为我的孩子们可以昂首挺胸，带着尊严和自豪行走，并且他们的孩子也可以同样跟随他们。”孩子们说：“妈妈，即使你穿过大门，你也会永远在我们心中。”），结合文章大意，年轻的母亲照顾孩子，鼓励孩子努力克服困难，爬越高山，日复一日，年复一年，不知疲惫，无私奉献，可知母亲是如此的献身，我们应该永远爱她们。故选D。
8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了周五晚上，前足球运动员李文在北京望京区开办的一家健身房开业，并且在附近经营咖啡馆，洗衣房等提供一站式服务，想帮助人们过上一种新的生活方式。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第二三句““I want to help people live a new lifestyle. I hope exercise can become a natural part of their daily life,” said Li Wen, who is 32 years old now.”（现年32岁的李文说：“我想帮助人们过上一种新的生活方式。我希望锻炼能成为他们日常生活的一部分。”），可知李文建健身房是为了帮助人们过上新的生活方式。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段第二三句““I want to help people live a new lifestyle. I hope exercise can become a natural part of their daily life,” said Li Wen, who is 32 years old now.”（现年32岁的李文说：“我想帮助人们过上一种新的生活方式。我希望锻炼能成为他们日常生活的一部分。”）和第三段最后一句“Two years ago, he and his wife brought two healthy twin sons into the world.”（两年前，他和妻子把两个健康的双胞胎儿子带到这个世界上。），可以推断李文在30岁时有了两个孩子。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“He opened the Cafe in order to provide a place for eating and taking a shower. In this way, the members of the gym don’t have to waste time looking for another place. There is also a laundry room (洗衣房). In other words, he tries to provide a one-stop service.”（他开咖啡馆是为了提供一个吃饭和洗澡的地方。这样，健身房的成员就不必浪费时间去寻找另一个地方。还有一间洗衣房。换句话说，他试图提供一站式服务。），可知健身房提供一站式服务，帮助客人节省时间。故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句“The gym has also created a proper diet for the member. After finishing training, the members can take a shower and enjoy the healthy food directly.”（健身房还为会员提供了适当的饮食。培训结束后，会员可直接淋浴，享受健康食品。）和第二段第一句“On the first day of opening, guests enjoyed a fruit and vegetable salad made by the cooks in the gym’s cafe.”（开业的第一天，宾客们在健身房的咖啡厅享用了厨师们制作的水果蔬菜沙拉。），可以排除BCD。结合第四段第三四句“There is also a laundry room (洗衣房). In other words, he tries to provide a one-stop service.”（这还有一间洗衣房。换句话说，他试图提供一站式服务。）可知会员可以在健身房使得他们的衣服被洗。故选A。
12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了1991年在靠近奥地利和意大利边界的阿尔卑斯山奥兹塔尔山谷发现的一具保存完好的名为“冰人奥茨”的木乃伊以及科学家对它的研究。
12．目的意图题。根据第一段内容“Since the discovery of a well-preserved mummy, called Otzi the Iceman, in the Otztal Valley in the Alps, near the border between Austria and Italy in 1991, scientists have recovered plenty of information from his 5,300-year-old body. The brown-eyed man most likely spent his 40 years fanning and herding, and was probably suffering from a painful stomachache at the time he died.”（自从1991年在靠近奥地利和意大利边界的阿尔卑斯山奥兹塔尔山谷发现了一具保存完好的木乃伊，名为“冰人奥茨”以来，科学家们从他5300年的尸体上找到了大量信息。这名棕色眼睛的男子很可能花了40年的时间在放牧上，在他去世时可能患有胃痛。），可知第一段的作用是简单介绍一下冰人奥茨。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段第二三句“The Iceman was recovered back in 1991 with various clothing, including a hide coat, a fur hat, and hay shoes. Due to the rotting (分解) of the leather and fur over thousands of years, however, researchers have been unable to finally prove specific animal species for some of the elements of Otzi’ clothes.”（冰人于1991年被发现时身上穿着各种衣服，包括皮大衣、皮帽和干草鞋。然而，由于数千年来皮革和毛皮的分解，研究人员无法最终证明奥茨衣服中某些元素的特定动物物种。）和第三段“Understanding the choice of animals used in ancient clothing production—domestic or wild, local or imported—provides a unique chance to learn about the human past: Did the clothing reflect the social status of the wearer? Were animal skins selected just due to their availability, or were certain types of leathers and furs valuable for specific qualities?”（了解古代服装生产中使用的动物的选择——驯养的或野生的、国产或进口——提供了一个了解人类过去的独特机会：服装是否反映了穿着者的社会地位？选择兽皮仅仅是因为它们的可用性，还是某些类型的皮革和毛皮对特定的品质有价值？），可知研究人员要研究奥茨的衣服是为了了解大量关于人类过去的信息。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“Since the discovery of a well-preserved mummy, called Otzi the Iceman, in the Otztal Valley in the Alps, near the border between Austria and Italy in 1991, scientists have recovered plenty of information from his 5,300-year-old body.”（自从1991年在靠近奥地利和意大利边界的阿尔卑斯山奥兹塔尔山谷发现了一具保存完好的木乃伊，名为“冰人奥茨”以来，科学家们从他5300年的尸体上找到了大量信息。），结合文章之后解释了科学家对这具木乃伊的研究，可知这篇文章的最佳标题是“保存完好的木乃伊”。故选B。
15．推理判断题。结合文章大意，文章介绍了1991年在靠近奥地利和意大利边界的阿尔卑斯山奥兹塔尔山谷发现的一具保存完好的名为“冰人奥茨”的木乃伊以及科学家对它的研究。可以推断这篇文章最有可能来自一本科学杂志。故选A。

湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
1．A 2．D 3．B

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者推荐了几本励志的书籍。
1．细节理解题。根据Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman中的“The collection consists of various themes and styles but all the works are connected, with each representing poet Whitman’s celebration of nature and the individual human’s role.(这部作品集由各种主题和风格组成，但所有的作品都是相互联系的，每一部作品都代表了诗人惠特曼对自然和个人角色的赞美。)”可知，对诗歌感兴趣的读者会选择《草叶集》。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Educated: A Memoir by Tara Westover中的“In the book, Westover tells her own story of distancing her family in order to go to college, and stresses the importance of education in expanding her world. (在这本书中，威斯多佛讲述了她为了上大学而远离家人的故事，并强调了教育在扩大她的世界方面的重要性。)”可知，《受过教育的人：回忆录》作者受益于接受教育。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Both print books and their digital forms are available right here on our site. (印刷版和电子版的书都可以在我们的网站上找到。)”及文章中印刷版和电子版书的价格可推断，这篇文章的目的是吸引读者买书。故选B。
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者学校两年来第一次举办万圣节返校舞会的情况。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This year’s homecoming was around a recent soccer victory against the neighboring school.(今年的返校舞会是在最近在足球比赛中战胜了邻校后而举行的)”可知，返校舞会是在体育比赛胜利后庆祝的。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This was unfortunate because temperatures in Boston were expected to be no higher than 10℃ that night. (这是不幸的，因为波士顿那晚的气温预计不会超过10摄氏度)”可知，他们在准备过程中面临的挑战是夜间温度低。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Having seen all the news about Asian hate in the US, I decided that it was important to present Asian spirit — thus I proudly dressed myself up in a traditional Chinese qipao. (在看了所有关于美国对亚洲人的仇恨的新闻后，我决定展示亚洲精神是很重要的——因此我自豪地穿上了一件传统的中国旗袍)”可知，作者穿旗袍是为了展示亚洲文化。故选C。
7．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“When I got outside again, the dance was in full swing. There was a DJ spinning songs, and the lights were flashing away, though no one was on the dance floor yet. (当我再次出去时，舞会正in full swing。有一个DJ在打歌，灯光闪烁着，虽然还没有人在舞池里)”可知，尽管还没有人在舞池里，却有一个DJ在打歌，灯光在闪烁了，可见舞会进展顺利，故画线词意思“进展顺利”。故选A。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Crazy Rich Asians这部为西方观众制作的关于亚洲人的电影。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the film is a rare US film with an all-Asian actors,”(这是一部罕见的全是亚洲演员参演的美国电影)可知，Crazy Rich Asians这部电影全部由亚洲演员出演，故选C。
2.目的意图题。根据第二段中的“It could be said that Crazy Rich Asians reflects a new trend in Hollywood for multiculturalism(多元化).Just like fans who praised Black Panther(2018) for featuring African characters, those from Asia now have role models of their own in a Hollywood movie.”(可以说，Crazy Rich Asians这部电影反映了好莱坞多元文化政策的新趋势。就像粉丝们称赞Black Panther(2018)塑造了非洲人物一样，那些来自亚洲的粉丝现在也在好莱坞电影中有自己的榜样。)可知，Black Panther这部电影塑造了非洲人物，就像Crazy Rich Asians这部电影一样，展示了多元文化，所以可知，作者提到Black Panther这部电影主要是为了展示好莱坞在推广多元文化政策方面所做的努力，故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据根据第三段中的“According to The Paper, although the movie throws light on Asian culture, it is still a display of American values, instead of those of Asian people. It still can’t help showing the cultural traditions and lifestyle of the US.”(据报道，虽然这部电影揭示了亚洲文化，但它仍然是美国价值观的展示，而不是亚洲人的价值观。它仍然显示了，美国的文化传统和生活方式。)和倒数第二段中的“of course there will be lot of fain criticism(批评) about the fact that it doesn’t fully represent the entire population”(当然会有很多人批评这部电影，因为它不能充分展示全部亚洲人)可知，很多人批评这部电影，是因为它未能充分展示全部亚洲人，电影中显示的是美国文化传统和生活方式，所以可以推断出，一些人批评这部电影是因为它未能展示真正的亚洲文化，故选A。
4.观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“So, although Crazy Rich Asians doesn’t completely break stereotypes(刻板印象) of Asian people, it’s still a small step in the right direction. And while it’s encouraging to see a movie about Asian people made for a Western audience, it’s obvious that there’s still a long way to go.”(所以，尽管Crazy Rich Asians这部电影，并没有完全打破对亚洲人的刻板印象，但这仍然是朝正确方向迈出的一小步。虽然看到一部关于亚洲人的电影，是为西方观众制作的，这很令人鼓舞，但实际表明还有很长的路要走。)可知，作者认为Crazy Rich Asians这部电影虽然没有完全打破对亚洲人的刻板印象，但是它确实朝着正确的方向迈出了一小步，这部关于亚洲人的电影，是为西方观众制作的，这是令人鼓舞的，但是还需要有很多方面改进，所以可以推断出作者对Crazy Rich Asians这部电影既有好的评价也有不好的评价，所以说作者的态度是客观的，C选项“Objective.”(客观的)符合，A. Subjective主观的；B. Disappointed失望的；D. Doubtful怀疑的，均不符，故选C。
12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了《科学》杂志最近发表的一项研究表明，蜜蜂是第一批明白零属于数字序列低端的昆虫，这表明可能有更简单的方法来训练人工智能。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But now, the understanding of zero has been found in a most unlikely candidate (候选人): bees.(但是现在，对零的理解，已经在一个最不可能的候选者身上找到了：蜜蜂)”可知，蜜蜂可以理解数字零的意思，故选B。
2.主旨大意题。根据第三段“Scarlett Howard, a researcher at RMIT University in Melbourne, trained bees to choose from several cards with different numbers of shapes printed on them. Correctly choosing the card with the fewest shapes earned them a reward (回报) of sugar water. For example, the bees learned to choose three elements when given three versus four; or two elements when given two versus three. And then these bees were given a challenge - a card that was entirely plain and that they had never seen before. But 64 percent of the time, they chose to fly toward the plain card instead of the card that had shapes on it. This suggests that the insects understand that zero stands for something less than two or three, according to Science magazine.(墨尔本RMIT大学的研究员Scarlett Howard，训练蜜蜂从印有不同数字的卡片中进行选择。正确选择数字最少的卡片，可以得到糖水作为奖励。例如，当给蜜蜂印有数字3和数字4的卡片时，蜜蜂学会选数字3的卡片，或者在给蜜蜂印有数字2和数字3的卡片时，蜜蜂选择印有数字2的卡片。然后这些蜜蜂接受了一个挑战——即给它们一张完全空白的卡片，它们以前从未见过。但是64%的人选择飞向这只空白卡片，而不是有数字的卡片。据《科学》杂志报道，这表明昆虫明白零代表小于2或3的东西)”可知，第三段主要描述了实验过程，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If bees can understand zero with a brain of less than a million neurons (神经元) (compared with the 86,000 million neurons of a human brain), it suggests there are simple and useful ways to teach AI new tricks.(蜜蜂的大脑只有不到100万个神经元(相比之下，人类大脑有860亿个神经元) ，它可以理解为零，这表明有简单而有用的方法来教人工智能新技巧)”可知，对蜜蜂的这项研究很重要，这是因为研究表明，或许有更简单的方法来培训人工智能，故选D。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“But now, the understanding of zero has been found in a most unlikely candidate (候选人): bees.(但是现在，对零的理解，已经在一个最不可能的候选者身上找到了：蜜蜂)”可知，本文主要讲述了一项研究表明，蜜蜂能理解数字零的含义，所以A选项Bees: An insect can make sense of zero.(蜜蜂：一种能分辨零的昆虫)适合作文章标题，故选A。

湖南省湘西自治州2021-2022学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种适合孩子学英语的应用程序以及各自的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个标题下第一段第一句话“Kids will learn English when they discover 5 different topics in Lingokids, including Animals, Food, Nature and Places. ”（孩子们在Lingokids中通过发现5个不同的主题时来学习英语，包括动物、食物、自然和地方），第二个标题下第一段的第二句话“It allows kids to learn English with the objects that they usually see in their daily life, newspapers or magazines.”（它允许孩子们用日常生活中经常看到的东西，报纸或杂志来学习英语），第三个标题下第一段 “The app offers a great number of interesting topics that kids can choose as their most favorite, including colors, animals, numbers, food, transportations, the human body, fruits, clothes, houses, sea creatures, school items, and actions.”（该应用提供了大量有趣的主题，孩子们可以选择作为他们最喜欢的，包括颜色、动物、数字、食物、交通、人体、水果、衣服、房子、海洋生物、学校物品和动作）以及第四个标题下第一段的第一句话“The app concentrates on helping kids to practice English through all kinds of games. ”（这款应用专注于帮助孩子们通过各种游戏练习英语）可知，这四款应用程序适合孩子们学习英语，所以它们的潜在用户应该是孩子们。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Monkey Junior标题下的第三句话“With Monkey Junior, kids can learn English and even some other languages. ”（通过Monkey Junior，孩子们可以学习英语甚至其他一些语言。）可推知，在Monkey Junior这个应用程序中，孩子们除了学习英语外，还可以学习其它的语言，这是这个应用程序和其它的应用程序不同的地方。B项“它将提供法语或汉语课程”符合题意，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个标题下第二段第二句话“The English lessons are all designed to meet learners’ needs and learning goals.”（英语课程都是为了满足学习者的需求和学习目标而设计的），第二个标题下第二段“The app gives learners a great number of lessons with different content.”（该应用程序为学习者提供了大量不同内容的课程），第三个标题下第二段“ Fun English contains a huge number of free lessons and games.”（趣味英语包含大量免费课程和游戏）以及第四个标题下第二段“A sea of lessons are here! ”（这里有大量的课程！）可知，这四个应用程序的共同之处是给孩子们提供大量的课程。故选A。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个标题下第一段最后一句话“What’s more, this app uses English songs and many interesting short stories to make the lessons easier to “digest”.”（此外，该应用程序使用英文歌曲和许多有趣的短篇故事，使课程更容易“消化”。）可知，如果你想要通过歌曲学习英语，你应该选择“Lingokids”。故选D。
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了16岁的Makyla Linder在疫情期间学习了烘焙，并自己创新了几种甜品，开了烘焙店。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段前两句“With the help of her mother, Linder got more baking supplies and equipment. She started taking orders online.(在母亲的帮助下，Linder得到了更多的烘焙用品和设备。她开始在网上接受订单)”可知，Linder做起了烘焙生意。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“They said my creations were good.(他们说我的制作很好)”可知，人们认为Linder做的甜品很好吃。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段倒数第二句“They say her prices are good.(他们说她的价格很好)”可知，回头客们觉得Linder售卖的价格不高。故选C。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“However, she still watches cooking shows to get new ideas for her business.(然而，她仍在观看烹饪节目，为自己的生意寻找新想法)”可知，Linder为了创新继续学习烹饪。故选D。
【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文就如何成功创办读书俱乐部给出了指导建议。
9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“The first thing you’ll need is your members. Think carefully about how many people will participate and what the club’s focus will be.(首先需要是成员。仔细想想有多少人会参加，俱乐部的关注点是什么)”可知，创办读书俱乐部首要是确定人数规模和关注点。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的前一句“The first thing you’ll need is your members.(首先需要的是成员)”可推知，需要仔细考虑会有多少人来参加，由此可知，划线词participate表示“参加”，与“join”意思相同。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“If you’re interested in starting a book club, you should consider the following options and suggestions.(如果你有兴趣创办一个读书俱乐部，你应该考虑以下选项和建议)”及后文具体的建议可知，本文就如何创办读书俱乐部给出了建议，因此“Starting a Successful Book Club: A Guide.(创办一个成功的读书俱乐部：一份指南)”适合作为本文标题。故选B。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“After making the basic preparations, recruitment (招募) can begin.(做好基本准备后，就可以开始招募了)”可知，在招募之前要做好必要的准备工作，可见创办读书俱乐部，良好的准备是很重要的。故选D。

湖南省益阳市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。发明改变了我们生活、工作、娱乐和思考可能性的方式，主要介绍了三种对人类生活有益的发明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“After scanning a page of text with the click of a button, it can read the text aloud to the user.（通过点击一个按钮扫描一页文本后，它可以向用户朗读文本）”可知有阅读困难的人应使用 OrCam Read来扫描他们需要阅读的文本。根据故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This kind of honey tastes just like the real one, and it is healthy, too.（这种蜂蜜尝起来和真蜂蜜一样，而且很健康）”可知新型蜂蜜和真正的蜂蜜味道一样。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Through petting Purrble, you will become more aware of your own feelings and learn how to feel calm yourself.（通过抚摸Purrble，你会更加意识到自己的感受，并学会如何让自己平静下来）”可知Purrble可以通过帮助你了解自己的感受而让你冷静下来。故选A。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是面对气候变化引起的天气灾害的问题，10月30日至11月12日，第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP 26)在英国格拉斯哥召开。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“In 2021, Canadian glaciers melted rapidly. In some parts of Asia, month’s worth of rain fell in just a few hours. Europe saw severe flooding, and Madagascar faced a big drought （干旱）.（2021年，加拿大冰川迅速融化。在亚洲的一些地区，几个小时的降雨量相当于一个月的降雨量。欧洲遭遇了严重的洪水，马达加斯加遭遇了严重的干旱。）”可知，作者想通过第一段中的例子告诉我们气候问题越来越严重。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The main aim of COP 26 was to make sure that previous goals could be reached.（COP 26的主要目标是确保以前的目标能够实现。）”可知，COP 26的主要目标是确保之前的目标能够实现。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“To reach these goals, all parties need to work together.（为了实现这些目标，各方需要共同努力。）”可知，作者建议世界需要共同努力应对气候变化。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第二段的“Faced with these serious problems, from Oct 30 to Nov 12, the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 26) took place in Glasgow, UK.（面对这些严重的问题，10月30日至11月12日，第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP 26)在英国格拉斯哥召开。）”可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是面对气候变化引起的天气灾害的问题，10月30日至11月12日，第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP 26)在英国格拉斯哥召开，因此可能会在报纸上读到这篇文章，故选A。
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.”（北京航天研究员庞之浩表示，女性宇航员强大的沟通能力和精力也有助于全体宇航员在逗留期间保持高度的团队精神。）可知，女性宇航员的沟通技巧有助于全体宇航员保持高昂的情绪。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles.”（许多研究发现，女性宇航员非常适合执行太空任务，在注重细节和从各个角度思考等素质上比男性宇航员更具优势。）可知，与男性宇航员相比，女性宇航员具备的优势是更加注重细节，可以全面思考。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.”（为王亚平的EVAs准备了一套特制的宇航服，它比男版更轻。设计师们对这套宇航服进行了优化，使其更适合身材苗条的宇航员。）可知，王亚平的宇航服是专门设计的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.”（尽管面临身体上的挑战，女性宇航员仍有独特的优势。）以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。故选B项。
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 “10-minute city” 的优势。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“including living areas, study rooms, offices an entertainment areas-all within a 10-minute walk from each other.（包括生活区、自习室、办公室和娱乐区，所有这些区域之间的步行距离都在10分钟以内）”可知“10-minute city”旨在满足人们的日常需求，并给他们带来方便。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“During the pandemic, many people have been forced to spend most of their time at home, with limited access to much else outside of their immediate community.（在疫情期间，许多人被迫将大部分时间花在家里，与所在社区以外的许多其他地方接触的机会有限）”以及第四段的“Paloma Ezzet, 16, is an example. ”可知提到Paloma Ezzet就是为了解释“10-minute city”的必要性。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第七段“The well-resourced smart city like the “10-minute city” may be one alternative（像“10分钟城市”这样资源丰富的智慧城市可能是一种选择）”以及“Some critics said it would further concentrate wealth in the most accessible and convenient districts.（一些批评人士表示，这将进一步把财富集中在最容易到达和便利的地区）”可知，前后构成了转折关系。可知，任何事物都有其两面性，那有一些批评人士，自然就有另一些支持的人士。“on board with”与“In favor of”同义，意思是“支持”。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The seeds are there, and they’ll grow little by little（种子就在那里，它们会一点一点地生长）”可知作者对于 “10-minute city”是一种乐观的态度。故选A。