专题08.Unit 4 Friends forever--Developing ideas单词，课文预习-初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）（外研版必修第一册）

Unit 4　Friends forever--Developing ideas单词，课文预习

一．词汇预先知

一、单词——记其形

1.ordinary adj.　普通的，平常的

2.drag v.  拖，拉

3.correspond v.  通信

4.partner n.  伙伴，搭档

5.strike v.  划(火柴)

6.scene n.  场景

7.plain adj.  简单的，朴素的

8.atmosphere n.  气氛，氛围，环境

二、单词——知其意

1.scar n.  伤疤

2.chap n.  小伙子，家伙

3.destiny n.  命运，天命

4.proposition n.  事业，生意

5.hustle v.  拼命干，努力干

6.staunch adj.  坚定的，忠实可靠的

7.excerpt n.  摘录，节录

8.cigar n.  雪茄烟

三、单词——通其变

1.dine v.进餐→dinner n.晚餐，正餐

2.fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款；机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地

3.appointed adj.约定的，指定的→appoint v.任命；指定→appointment n.任命；约定

4.bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的；充满仇恨的

5.ashamed adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的→shame n.羞耻，羞愧；憾事

6.unfold v.(卷着的东西)展开，打开→fold v.折叠

7.location n.地点，位置→locate vt.位于；查找……的地点

8.surroundings n.周围的事物，环境→surround vt.围绕；包围

9.personality n.个性，性格→personal adj.个人的；身体的

Ⅱ.核心短语

1.be set in  以……为背景

2.make one’s fortune  发财

3.hear from  收到某人来信

4.work out  实现；制定出；锻炼

5.go up to  走向前去；走近……

6.be worth it  值得

二．课文精研读

原文呈现

After Twenty Years

The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in① New York on a cold，dark  night.Most people have left work to go home，and this part of the city is now quiet.A policeman who is checking② the area sees a man outside a shop.He goes up to③ the man and finds he has a scar④ on his face.They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story.

1 “Twenty years ago tonight，” said the man，“I dined⑤ here at‘Big Joe’ Brady’s with Jimmy Wells，my best chum⑥，and the finest chap⑦ in the world【1】.He and I were raised here in New York，just like two brothers，together.I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty.The next morning I was to⑧ start⑨ for the West to make my fortune⑩.You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of⑪ New York【2】； he thought it was the only place on earth.Well，we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions⑫ might be or from what distance we might have to come【3】.We figured⑬ that in twenty years each of us ought to⑭ have our destiny⑮ worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be【4】.”

【1】my best chum...in the world在此作Jimmy Wells的同位语，起解释说明的作用。

【2】此处用了“couldn’t have done.”结构，表示对过去已经发生的事的推测；“could have done....”表示过去有能力做，但没有做。

【3】we agreed that night是主句，第二个that引导宾语从句，该宾语从句中no matter what引导让步状语从句。

【4】that引导宾语从句，该宾语从句中whatever引导让步状语从句。have our destiny worked out及(have) our fortunes made为 “have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构， worked out与destiny及made与fortunes 之间均为逻辑上的动宾关系。

2 “It sounds pretty⑯ interesting，” said the policeman，“Rather⑰ a long time between meets⑱，though，it seems to me【5】.Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left【6】？”

【5】此处though为副词，意为“可是，不过，然而”，Rather a long...meets作seems后面的表语，因为表语太长也是为了强调，所以放在句首；句中it为形式主语。

【6】since在此引导时间状语从句，从句用的是一般过去时，主句用的是现在完成时。

3 “Well，yes，for a time we corresponded⑲，” said the other.“But after a year or two we lost track of each other.You see，the West is a pretty big proposition⑳，and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively.But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive，for he always was the truest，staunchest old chap in the world.He’ll never forget.I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight，and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.”

(Excerpts “After Twenty Years” by O.Henry)

三．随堂精训练

【基 础 练】

一.根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式

1.I am tired of the partner (伙伴) I have been working with; he is too hard a person to get along with.

2.Don’t wear those ordinary (普通的) clothes to work; try to look more professional!

3.While jokes are likely to contribute to a pleasant atmosphere (气氛), you’ve got to be careful not to hurt others.

4.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene (场景).

5.Li Hua，my deskmate，is wearing a plain (朴素的)white blouse.

6.It was a pity that my friend didn’t turn up at the  appointed (appoint) time.

7.Amy, please don’t be ashamed (shame) of your shape.You look great as you are.

8.The company is fortunate (fortune) to have such highly skilled workers.

9.Mary is good at choosing her clothes that express her personality (person) and enhance her appearance.

10.He told me that this corner would make a good  location (locate)for a gas station.

二.单句语法填空

1.The old man watched the volunteers helping the people surrounded (surround) by the flood，feeling excited.

2.You don’t look well, you ought to see (see) the doctor.

3.I wonder whether he is corresponding with his pen friend.

4.Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse  appointed (appoint) to look after her.

5.In the ordinary way，she’s not a nervous person.

6.Located (locate) in Paris，the Louvre is one of the world’s largest art galleries.

7.You’ll never know unless you ask the organizer on the scene.

8.Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck (strike) by floods, whose effects people are still suffering from.

三.选词填空

turn around，in my opinion，on earth，make one’s fortune，be ashamed of，focus on，work out，team up with，turn up，be set in

1.When the sports hero turned up at the entrance, he was welcomed with open arms.

2.The film was set in the time when California found gold.

3.You ought to be ashamed of yourselves because you’ve created this problem.

4.The teacher turned around and wrote the title on the blackboard.

5.Some models are all skins and bones.In my opinion,they are anything but beautiful.

6.They teamed up with another family to rent a house for the summer last year.

7.If you want to keep fit，you can work out in a gym regularly.

8.The family made their fortune by selling cell phones.

9.The series of TV programme focus on a group of engineers who devoted their lives to China’s nuclear research and space program between the late 1960s and the early 1990s.

10.I don’t want to bring up the topic, but why on earth did you get home that late last night?

四.完成句子

1.We are to meet at the school gate tomorrow and then leave for Beijing.

明天我们将在学校门口会面，然后动身去北京。

2.But for the encouraging cheers from the audience，our team couldn’t have won such an important match.

要不是观众们鼓舞人心的欢呼，我们队不可能赢得这么重要的比赛。

3.To get more information，you can visit our website.

想获取更多信息，你可以访问我们的网站。

4.Whatever/No matter what happens，I will always carry this joy with me.

不管发生什么，我会让这份快乐一直伴随着自己。

5.I had that door painted last week and now it is all new.

上星期我请人把那扇门刷了油漆，现在它焕然一新。

五.语法填空

Friendship is a kind of treasure in our lives.It is actually like a bottle of wine.The longer it 1. ____________(keep)，the sweeter it will be.It is also like a cup of tea.When we are thirsty，it will be our best 2. ____________(choose)，but when we have enough time to enjoy ourselves，it is also the most fragrant drink.

3. ____________，in this fast-developing modern society，the reality is not that.More and more people forget 4. ____________ (enjoy) the beauty of life and the beauty of friendship; they work hard in order to gain a 5. ____________ (high) position in society and to earn more money for their work.Of course，we don’t deny that 6. ____________ is important to find a better place in our lives，but we wish more and more people could pay a little more attention 7. ____________ themselves and their friends.All of us have to spare some time for personal lives.We have to find the chance to express our emotion and love.When 8. ____________ (stay) with our friends，we can release ourselves 9. ____________ (complete).We can do whatever we want，we can laugh together，talk together，and even cry together.I should say that being together with our best friends is the most wonderful moment of our lives.

As we know，we would feel lonely if we didn’t even have a friend，but it doesn’t mean we could depend on our friends all the time.There is 10. ____________ famous motto saying that “a friend is like a quilt with cotton wadding，but the real thing that keeps you warm is your own temperature.”

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章道出了友谊的真正含义。

1.is kept　[考查时态语态。句意：友谊就像一瓶酒，存放的时间越长，就越甜。根据后句使用将来时可知，前句的条件句应用一般现在时。从句中的谓语动词keep与主语it之间为动宾关系，需用被动语态。]

2.choice　[考查词形变化。句意：当我们渴的时候，它会是我们最好的选择。在形容词最高级best的后面要接名词，动词choose的名词是choice。]

3.However　[考查副词。句意：然而在高速发展的现代社会，实际情况完全不是这样了。根据句意可知第二段内容和第一段内容之间为转折关系，所以使用however。]

4.to enjoy　[考查不定式。句意：越来越多的人忘记享受生活的美，忘记享受友谊的美了。短语forget to do sth忘记要做某事；forget doing sth忘记做了某事。]

5.higher　[考查比较级。句意：他们努力工作为了在社会中获得更高的地位、挣得更多的钱。根据earn more money可知空处也应该使用比较级higher。]

6.it　[考查代词。句意：我们无法否认在生活中找到一个更好的位置很重要，但是我们希望越来越多的人能够注意自己和朋友。本句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to find a better place in our lives。]

7.to　[考查固定搭配。短语pay attention to...注意到……。]

8.staying　[考查现在分词。句意：当我们和朋友一起的时候，我们可以完全释放自己。本句中主语we与动词stay构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中充当状语。]

　[考查词形变化。在英语中，通常使用副词修饰动词、形容词或副词。]

10.a　[考查冠词。句意：有一个著名的箴言这样说：朋友就像棉被，但真正温暖你的还是你自己的体温。本句中名词motto是一个可数名词，其前应用不定冠词a。]