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北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A， and等内容，欢迎下载使用。
石景山区2022-2023学年第一学期高一期末试卷
英语
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节, 30分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On a cold winter evening, Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees.____1____ ,he slowed down to listen, and realized a boy was being robbed (抢劫) not far from where he stood.
“Should I go to help him?”Ted thought. He was worried about his own____2____, and regretted having decided to take a new way home that night.“What if I’ m hurt too? Shouldn’t I just rush to the nearest phone and call the police?”But already the boy’s cries were growing____3____ . He knew it was time for him to act fast.
Ted was not a____4____ man, but once he had finally determined to help the boy, he became suddenly changed. Ted ran behind the trees and____5____ the robber off the boy. Struggling, both of them fell to the ground, where they fought for a few minutes until the man jumped up and____6____.
____7____heavily, Ted stood up and came up to the boy, who was still crying. In the darkness, he could not see him clearly, but he could certainly feel the boy’s shock. Not wanting to frighten him any further, Ted spoke to him from a____8____.
“It’s OK,”Ted said____9____. “The man ran away. You’re safe.” There was a long stop and then he heard the words, said in both wonder and____10____ ,“Dad, is that you?“ And then, from behind the trees, stepped out Ted’s youngest son, Tommy!
1. A. Frightened B. Excited C. Encouraged D. Disappointed
2. A. secret B. future C. safety D. family
3. A. deeper B. weaker C. calmer D. farther
4. A. kind B. strict C. mean D. brave
5. A. pulled B. dropped C. turned D. cleared
6. A. escaped B. fought C. succeeded D. rested
7 A. Walking B. Pressing C. Suffering D. Breathing
8. A. tree B. corner C. distance D. store
9. A. briefly B. firmly C. softly D. happily
10. A. peace B. surprise C. pain D. anger
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本篇文章属于记叙文。叙述了Ted在一个夜晚独自回家时，听到有个男孩被袭击时发出的求救声。Ted本想离开去报警，但又担心男孩受到伤害，便鼓起勇气去救男孩。最后发现，原来被救的竟然是自己的亲生儿子。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他吓坏了，放慢脚步听着，发现离他站的地方不远有一个男孩被抢了。A. Frightened害怕的；B. Excited激动的；C. Encouraged受鼓励的；D. Disappointed失望的。根据前文“On a cold winter evening, Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees.”和常理可知，在夜晚突然听到尖叫声，会被吓一跳，感到害怕的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他担心自己的安全，后悔那天晚上决定走一条新的路回家。A. secret秘密；B. future未来；C. safety安全；D. family家庭。根据后文“What if I’ m hurt too?”可知，Ted是在担心自己的安全。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但男孩的哭声已经越来越弱了。A. deeper更深的；B. weaker虚弱的；C. calmer镇静的；D. farther更远的。根据后文“He knew it was time for him to act fast.”可知，因为男孩的哭声已经越来越弱了，所以他知道是时候迅速采取行动了。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ted并不是个勇敢的人，但一旦他最终决定帮助那个男孩，他就变了一个人。A. kind友善的；B. strict严格的；C. mean小气的；D. brave勇敢的。根据前文“He was worried about his own 2 , and regretted having decided to take a new way home that night.”可知，Ted并不是一个勇敢的人。故选D项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ted跑到树后，把强盗从男孩身上拉开。A. pulled拉；B. dropped落下；C. turned转动；D. cleared清除。根据后文“Struggling, both of them fell to the ground, where they fought for a few minutes”可知，Ted和强盗扭打在一起，所以他是把强盗从男孩身上拉开。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人挣扎着倒在地上，搏斗了几分钟，最后那个男人跳起来逃跑了。A. escaped逃跑；B. fought战斗；C. succeeded成功；D. rested休息。根据后文“ 7 heavily, Ted stood up and came up to the boy, who was still crying.”可知，Ted走到还在哭的男孩面前，可推知，强盗逃跑了，Ted才能这么做。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ted喘着粗气站起来，走到还在哭的男孩面前。A. Walking行走；B. Pressing压，挤；C. Suffering受苦；D. Breathing呼吸。根据前文“Struggling, both of them fell to the ground, where they fought for a few minutes”可知，Ted和强盗搏斗了几分钟，所以是喘着粗气站起来。故选D项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ted不想再吓他，就远远地跟他说话。A. tree树；B. corner角落；C. distance距离；D. store商店。根据前文“Not wanting to frighten him any further”可推知，Ted为了不吓到小男孩，所以是在远处和他说话。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“没关系，”特德轻声说。A. briefly短暂地；B. firmly坚决地；C. softly轻轻地；D. happily快乐地。根据前文“Not wanting to frighten him any further”可知，，Ted为了不吓到小男孩，所以是轻声说。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：停了很长一段时间，然后他听到了这句话，小男孩惊讶地说：“爸爸，是你吗？”A. peace和平；B. surprise惊讶；C. pain疼痛；D. anger愤怒。根据前文“said in both wonder and”可知，空处应该和wonder并列，结合选项，应是B项“surprise惊讶”符合句意。故选B项。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My name is Adam. I find it a big challenge to be a freshman at senior high school. I am sure that there are a lot ____11____(explore), and I know I’ll have to study ____12____ (hard) than before and get used to taking responsibility for a lot more. Though I may meet with a lot of ____13____ (difficulty), I will try to be well prepared for university or whatever else comes.
【答案】11. to explore
12. harder 13. difficulties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了Adam作为高一新生遇到了挑战，他将努力学习，承担更多的责任，为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。句子分析可知，设空处作后置定语修饰前文“a lot”，表示有很多东西要去探索，用不定式。故填to explore。
【12题详解】
考查比较级。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。设空处作状语修饰动词“study”，由空后的“than before”可知设空处用比较级。故填harder。
【13题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：虽然我可能会遇到很多困难，我将努力为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。设空处在句中作宾语，名词difficulty在文中指具体的困难，难题，为可数名词，由空前“a lot of”可知设空处表示复数概念，用difficulty的复数形式。故填difficulties。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A new study has found that the most common favorite color is blue, a color in nature, for____14____ we always have a preference. It____15____(believe) that a blue sky is enough to make many people extremely happy. In reality, the only negative association with blue is in the English language. People say they “have the blues” or “are feeling blue” , ____16____(mean) they are sad.
【答案】14. which
15. is believed
16. meaning
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人们最喜欢的颜色——蓝色。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一项新的研究发现，人们最喜欢的颜色是蓝色，这是一种我们总是偏爱的自然颜色。分析句子成分可知，此处为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，空处需要连接词指代先行词“a color”，为物，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【15题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：人们相信蓝天足以使许多人非常快乐。固定句型It is believed that...“人们相信……”。故填is believed。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们说他们“have the blues”或“are feeling blue”，意思是他们很悲伤。分析句子成分可知，“say”为主句谓语动词，所以提示词mean应为非谓语动词，又因和主句主语“People”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用doing表示主动。故填meaning。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One very famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon. We all know____17____ love the black mouse with two large round ears- Mickey Mouse. Over 80 years ago, he first ____18____(appear) in the cartoon Steamboat Willie. When this cartoon came out in New York____19____November 18, 1928, it was the first cartoon with sound and music. The man behind Mickey was Walt Disney,____20____never thought he would make 87 cartoons with Mickey in the next decade.
【答案】17. and
18. appeared
19. on 20. who
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国文化的一个显著标志——卡通米老鼠以及成名的经历。
【17题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们都知道并喜欢那只长着两只大耳朵的黑老鼠——米老鼠。分析句子可知，空前后两词为并列关系顺承关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【18题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：80多年前，他第一次出现在动画片《威利汽船》中。设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Over 80 years ago可知，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：当1928年11月18日这部卡通在纽约上映的时候，这是第一部有声音和音乐的动画片。设空处为介词，后面是具体的某一天，应用介词on，故填on。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：米老鼠背后的人是华特·迪士尼，他从未想过自己会在接下来的十年里用米奇制作87部动画片。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Walt Disney，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland, why not visit the Maryland Science Center? It is located at 601 Light Street, Baltimore. The ticket prices vary depending on ages, groups and the exhibits you choose. Click here for more information.
Introduction
The Maryland Science Center is basically a museum, but it gives everyone a chance to learn through experience and play, rather than just glance at an exhibit.
Activities
You can learn about various topics, including outer space, the human body, dinosaurs, electricity, marine (海洋的) biology, energy, and much more. You can also take part in the interactive activities, such as racing bubbles, digging for dinosaur fossils, using puzzle pieces to construct cars, and so much more.
The Davis Planetarium (天文馆)
At the Davis Planetarium you can be back in a chair and look at the stars while still inside the Science Center. The stars will appear on the ceiling of the theatre as you watch them.
There are different shows to catch at the Davis Planetarium. You can learn about the galaxy and astronomy during the Dark Matters show. Learn about the stars and planets during the Sky Live show. The One World One Sky show allows children to explore the stars. The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun.
The Kids Room
For children, they can’t miss the Kids Room. They will be able to play in a water area, construct dams and water towers, push buttons, ring doorbells, build with blocks, and more, and definitely they will learn a lot. In addition, there is also an area for kids of two years old and under, where they can crawl, walk and explore safely with soft toys.
21. What do we know about the Maryland Science Center?
A. It charges different prices for adults and kids.
B. It is regarded as the most popular museum in Maryland.
C It is a museum where there are many famous exhibitions.
D. It is mainly designed for children and their families to play together.
22. If you want to know why the sun shines, which show should you choose?
A. The Dark Matters show. B. The Sky Live show.
C. The Live from the Sun show. D. The One World One Sky show.
23. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel plan. B. An academic column.
C. An educational magazine. D. An online advertisement.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了集娱乐和教育与一体的旅游胜地马里兰科学中心。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The ticket prices vary depending on ages, groups and the exhibits you choose. (门票价格因年龄、组别、和您选择的展品而异。)”可知，马里兰科学中心对成人和儿童收取不同的费用。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Davis Planetarium (天文馆)中“The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun. (The Live from the Sun节目将告诉你关于炎热太阳的一切。)”可知，如果你想知道为什么阳光普照，可以选择The Live from the Sun节目，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。阅读全文并根据第一段“When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland, why not visit the Maryland Science Center? It is located at 601 Light Street, Baltimore. The ticket prices vary depending on ages, groups and the exhibits you choose. Click here for more information. (想在马里兰州寻找一些有趣和有教育意义的事情，为什么不去参观马里兰州科学中心呢？它位于巴尔的光影街道601号。门票价格因年龄、组别、和您选择的展品而异。单击此处了解更多信息。)”可知，本文主要介绍了既有娱乐意义又有教育意义的旅游之地。由此可知文章出自与一个旅游计划。故选A。
B
Carlos, a businessman, is tall, with a lively face. His son Paco isn’t as tall as his father, but his long arms and legs suggest he’ll still grow taller. Whenever Paco isn’t concentrating on his smartphone, he can be seen in scuba gear (水中呼吸装置). It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.
Paco, who is 14, is the second oldest among Carlos’ children: Javier, 21, Adriana, 10, and Carolina, 6.“I try to find common ground between me and my kids. I find something we all have in common, and then go from there,” says Carlos.“It’s all different with each of them. My eldest doesn’t like diving like Paco. So, for example, if they like games, I approach talking with them through their games, and then go from there. It’s just being there for them, listening to them, and knowing their problems and anxieties. You just need to let them know you’re there for them.“
For Carlos and Paco, it was diving, a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family. “I got certified (获得认证) with my brother Richie. It was an on and off thing with diving,” Carlos shares. “Three years ago, I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well, which gave me a reason to go back to diving.
“We even got certified for the advanced open water course together. That’s how committed we are to diving,“ Carlos says.“Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories. Also, he always lets me have as much food as I want, so that’s a plus,” Paco adds. The two then talked about some of their best trips together when diving.“The most unforgettable one for me was our five-day Visayan live-aboard dive trip. The sights were excellent, and it was three dives a day, so we went underwater to our heart’s content. What else could I ask for?“ says Carlos.
24. Carlos gets along well with his children by________.
A. learning some new skills from his children
B. training his children to be professional athletes
C. getting to know his kids through common interests
D. keeping his kids away from problems and anxieties
25. What can we learn about Carlos’ diving?
A. He was bad at it in the beginning.
B. He put it aside for a period of time.
C. He has been sticking to the hobby since 1997.
D. He got certified under the direction of his dad.
26. How does Paco feel being with his dad?
A. He opens up more easily. B. He enjoys more freedom.
C. He is much safer. D. He learns faster.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解他的孩子，这一共同兴趣就是潜水，并介绍了Carlos的潜水经历以及Paco对此的看法。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.(正是通过这个爱好，他和他的父亲建立了联系) ”以及第二段中“I try to find common ground between me and my kids.(我试图找到我和孩子们之间的共同点) ”可知，Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解孩子。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For Carlos and Paco, it was diving, a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family. “I got certified (获得认证) with my brother Richie. It was an on and off thing with diving,” Carlos shares. (对Carlos和Paco来说，最重要的是潜水。前者的爱好始于1997年，当时他的父亲买了一艘船，并决定为全家购买潜水装备。我从我哥哥里奇那里获得了认证。这是一件断断续续的事情，” Carlos分享道) 和“Three years ago, I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well, which gave me a reason to go back to diving.(三年前，我得知Paco也想学习如何潜水，这给了我一个重返潜水的理由) ”可知，Carlos把潜水搁置了一段时间。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories. Also, he always lets me have as much food as I want, so that’s a plus,” Paco adds. (和爸爸一起玩真的很有趣，因为我们创造了很多回忆。而且，他总是让我想吃多少就吃多少，这是一个加分项，” Paco补充道。)”可知，Paco感觉和爸爸在一起能享受更多自由。故选B。
C
The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain’s ability to keep memories, says Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of California, Irvine. So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.
Photos may outsource memories. It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we’re so distracted (分心的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether.
The first explanation is the loss of memory. People know that their camera is recording that moment, so they don’t try to remember. Similarly, if you write down someone’s phone number, you’re less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there’s just no need. That’s all well and good — until that piece of paper goes missing.
The other is distraction. We’re distracted by the process of taking a photo — how we hold our phone, composing the photo, such as smiling faces, the background to our liking and clear image, all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.
However, taking photos can benefit memory — when done mindfully. While taking a photo may be distracting, the act of preparation by focusing on visual details around has some upsides.
When people take the time to zoom in (拉近镜头) on specific things, memories become strengthened.
Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately with the photos. Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences. Thus, photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up. Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.
27. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To bring up a topic. B. To present an experience.
C. To show an approach. D. To give a suggestion.
28. What does the underlined word “outsource” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Make full use of. B. Get rid of.
C. Take the place of. D. Are made up of.
29. What may likely be discussed next?
A. Situations when taking photos is better.
B. How to stay focused while taking photos.
C. When distraction is most likely to happen.
D. How to use photo-taking to memorize better.
30. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Photography or Memories
B. Fewer Photos, More Memories
C. Photography Does Good to Memories
D. Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
【答案】27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.(太阳落山了，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来。为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式)”可知，本段描写了海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机拍照留念，但拍照并不是人们所以为的保存记忆的完美方式。由此推知，第一段的目的是引出文章的主题。故选A。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we’re so distracted (分心的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether.(它以两种方式起作用：我们要么在拍照时摆脱了记住瞬间的责任，要么在拍照过程中分心，完全错过了那一刻)”可知，拍照让人们错过了一些记忆，让人们依赖相机而不是自己的大脑去回忆一些美好时刻。由此推知，划线词outsource与take the place of(代替)意思接近。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.(因此，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，如果是有目的的，这是值得进一步探索的)”可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何照相以便能更好地记忆。故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.(太阳落山了，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来。为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式)”及下文介绍可知，文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。由此可知，Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly(记住当下，合理拍照)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
D
The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now, as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I, unlike my classmates, have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure (不安全) and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by social media.While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
31. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?
A. Social media are popular in schools.
B. Young pupils suffer from social media.
C. The author has no access to social media.
D. Social media contribute to students’ study.
32. From paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. students get easily distracted by social media
B. pictures of people taking part in exciting activities are not real
C. family gatherings are not meaningful if not shared with others
D. the author never shares aspects of his lives with others on social media
33. Why do people using social media might feel insecure?
A. They post their images on social media.
B. They follow other people’s beauty standards totally.
C. Social media change the way they look at themselves.
D. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.
34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B. Social media can waste people’s valuable time.
C. Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.
D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要从作者对自己不喜欢社交媒体的这一心理的反思入手，针对社交媒体对当下人们的影响进行思考和论述。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了作者身边的人及作者本人对社交媒体平台的态度，结合第一段前两句“The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age.(我第一次听说同学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在很小的时候就兴奋地登上了Instagram这样的平台)”可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。故选A项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so. (我从来没想过要这么做。我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒体可以让他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人。然而，我从来没有兴趣做同样的事情。在我看来，家庭聚会和朋友聚会在不与人分享的情况下，同样有意义，甚至更有意义)”可知，作者从来没有在社交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.(大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经历。被改变的照片代表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体，我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为一个独一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比较)”可知，社交媒体平台上的图片等内容可能是经过编辑的，一些美丽标准是不容易实现的。且这些社交媒体容易让人产生对比心理，阅读者往往将博主的生活和自己的生活进行对比，使自己对自己的看法产生变化，而作者不同于他人，作者是不想这样去对比的。由此可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.(我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分心。在努力完成家庭作业的同时，他们有一种强烈的冲动，想打开Instagram或Facebook，看看是否有新消息)”可知，社交媒体会影响完成作业的进度，使得人们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to deal with your homework
Write it down. ____35____ Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won’t forget anything.
Create a homework station. Find somewhere comfortable and quiet to do your home work. ____36____ It will take twice as long to get the homework done. Shut off your cell phone, log off (退出) your computer (unless you need it for your homework) and close the door.
Do homework as early as possible. Don’t leave homework to the last minute. ____37____ The earlier you start your homework, the sooner you will finish! Do all your homework as early as you can, so you don’t have a pile of (一堆) homework the next day.
____38____ Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject. For example: English-ten minutes, science-ten minutes, math-forty minutes, history-twenty minutes.
Treat yourself. You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping. Once you finish homework for a subject, take a small break (no more than 15 minutes). Either taking a walk or finding something to eat will do. But do not turn on the TV, or you’ll never go back to your study. ____39____
A. Use your time wisely.
B. Start as soon as you get home.
C. Start with your hardest homework.
D. Do not burn the midnight oil, either.
E. Never do your homework in front of the TV.
F. After short breaks, return to finish the rest of your homework.
G. Keep a homework notebook where you record all your homework.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. B 38. A 39. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者旨在给读者就如何写作业提出了建议。
【35题详解】
前文“Write it down.”（写下作业。）和后文“Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won’t forget anything.”（一定要把所有的作业都写下来，这样你就不会忘记任何东西。）可推测登记作业需要使用到一个笔记本，把作业都记在笔记本上，选项G意思为“使用作业笔记本记录所有作业。”，符合语境。故选G项。
【36题详解】
前文“Create a homework station.”（创建作业站。）告诉读者要为写作业制造一个独立的空间；后文“It will take twice as long to get the homework done.”（完成作业需要两倍的时间。）可知代词it指代的应该是影响写作业效率的场所。在电视机面前写作业可想而知，效率不高，选项E意为“不要在电视剧面前写作业”符合语境。故选E项。
【37题详解】
前文本段主旨句“Do homework as early as possible.”（尽可能快去写作业。）可知本段主要说明写作业的时间安排要尽早。选项B意为“你一回家立马做作业。”符合语境。故选B项。
【38题详解】
后文“Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject.”（想想你要花多长时间才能完成每个科目的家庭作业。）可知本段讲述的是各科时间分配问题。选项A意为“明智地使用时间。”符合语境，可作第四段的主题句。故选A项。
【39题详解】
前文“You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping.”（坐着完成一两个小时的作业而不停下来，你很容易感到疲劳。）指出做作业时不休息容易疲劳，不太好。即意味着作者建议写作业的建议也需要休息，需要劳逸结合。选项F意为“短暂休息后，回来完成剩余的作业。”符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节:阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Adilah was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories. One story was about sharks. They had plastic in their stomachs. Adilah knew she needed to do something. First, she joined a group. It organized clean-up activities in Dubai, her home city. “The group helps me understand what a person can do and how I can really make a difference.” she says.
Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World. Its goal is to fight climate change. It has brought together nearly 10, 000 youths. They come from all over the world. Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them about what they can do to deal with climate change. They can grow food or plant trees. They can collect recyclables. “This is the information which can help change our future.” Adilah says.
Dubai is a desert big city. Growing up there has made Adilah understand the need for action. Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. She believes young people can bring attention to these environmental challenges.
Adilah is all about small actions. But she has big plans. She’d like to go to college in California. While she’s there, she’ll continue being an activist. She wil1 also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.
40. Where is Adilah’s home city?
________________
41. What risks does Adilah’s city face?
________________
42. Please underline the false part in the following statement and explain why.
➢Adilah created Kids for a Better World, whose goal is to teach youths how to grow food or plant trees.
________________
43. Among Adilah’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words)
________________
【答案】40. It’s in Dubai.
41. It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
42. Adilah created Kids for a Better World, whose goal is to teach youths how to grow food or plant trees. Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage “Its goal is to fight climate change”, we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.
43. Being ambitious is important . Because according to the last paragraph, we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans, which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet.
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Adilah的女孩，为了保护家乡的环境，应对不断变化的气候而做出的努力。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“It organized clean-up activities in Dubai, her home city. ”（它在迪拜、她的家乡组织了清洁活动。）可知，Adilah的家乡城市在迪拜。故答案为：It’s in Dubai.
41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. ”（她所在的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。）可知，Adilah的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。故答案为：It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World. Its goal is to fight climate change. ”（然后Adilah创造了儿童更美好的世界，其目标是对抗气候变化。）可知，Adilah创建的Kids for Better World的目标对抗气候变化，而不是种植食物或树木，所以题目中所给句子中的“grow food or plant trees”（种植食物或树木）是错误的，为划线部分；用英语解释原因，答案为：Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage “Its goal is to fight climate change”, we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.
【43题详解】
开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据最后一段“But she has big plans. ”（但她有远大的计划）和“she’ll continue being an activist. She wil1 also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.”（她会继续做一个积极分子，她还将运营Kid for a Better World，她希望鼓励其他人为绿色地球而奋斗。）并结合全文可知，她是个有雄心壮志的人，这一点可以帮助组织并鼓励青少年们为保护环境、建造绿色家园而努力，对我们是很重要的。故答案为：Being ambitious is important . Because according to the last paragraph, we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans, which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你英国好友Jim在他所在城市举办的主题为“Protecting World Wildlife” 海报设计大赛中，获得一等奖。请给Jim写一封电子邮件，
内容包括：
1.祝贺他获奖；
2.肯定他的才华。
注意： 1.词数100字左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am more than delighted to hear that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition with the theme of “Protecting World Wildlife” held in your city. Congratulations!
As your best friend, I am very proud of you! I know you are good at poster design. You have rich imagination and creativity. At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts. Your efforts have finally paid off. I hope I could do as well as you. Could you share your successful experience with me?
I’d appreciate it if you could write me back soon and give me some guidance and help. Congratulations again!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友 Peter写封信，介绍今天参加的一个关于因特网的优劣的辩论会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→conduct
分享：share→partake of
高兴的：delighted→glad
为……感到骄傲：be proud of =take pride in
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts. Your efforts have finally paid off.
拓展句：At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts and your efforts have finally paid off.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am more than delighted to hear that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition with the theme of “Protecting World Wildlife” held in your city. (运用了that引导的宾语从句及过去分词作定语)
[高分句型2] I hope I could do as well as you. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
石景山区2022-2023学年第一学期高一期末试卷
英语
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节, 30分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On a cold winter evening, Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees.____1____ ,he slowed down to listen, and realized a boy was being robbed (抢劫) not far from where he stood.
“Should I go to help him?”Ted thought. He was worried about his own____2____, and regretted having decided to take a new way home that night.“What if I’ m hurt too? Shouldn’t I just rush to the nearest phone and call the police?”But already the boy’s cries were growing____3____ . He knew it was time for him to act fast.
Ted was not a____4____ man, but once he had finally determined to help the boy, he became suddenly changed. Ted ran behind the trees and____5____ the robber off the boy. Struggling, both of them fell to the ground, where they fought for a few minutes until the man jumped up and____6____.
____7____heavily, Ted stood up and came up to the boy, who was still crying. In the darkness, he could not see him clearly, but he could certainly feel the boy’s shock. Not wanting to frighten him any further, Ted spoke to him from a____8____.
“It’s OK,”Ted said____9____. “The man ran away. You’re safe.” There was a long stop and then he heard the words, said in both wonder and____10____ ,“Dad, is that you?“ And then, from behind the trees, stepped out Ted’s youngest son, Tommy!
1. A. Frightened B. Excited C. Encouraged D. Disappointed
2. A. secret B. future C. safety D. family
3. A. deeper B. weaker C. calmer D. farther
4. A. kind B. strict C. mean D. brave
5. A. pulled B. dropped C. turned D. cleared
6. A. escaped B. fought C. succeeded D. rested
7 A. Walking B. Pressing C. Suffering D. Breathing
8. A. tree B. corner C. distance D. store
9. A. briefly B. firmly C. softly D. happily
10. A. peace B. surprise C. pain D. anger
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本篇文章属于记叙文。叙述了Ted在一个夜晚独自回家时，听到有个男孩被袭击时发出的求救声。Ted本想离开去报警，但又担心男孩受到伤害，便鼓起勇气去救男孩。最后发现，原来被救的竟然是自己的亲生儿子。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他吓坏了，放慢脚步听着，发现离他站的地方不远有一个男孩被抢了。A. Frightened害怕的；B. Excited激动的；C. Encouraged受鼓励的；D. Disappointed失望的。根据前文“On a cold winter evening, Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees.”和常理可知，在夜晚突然听到尖叫声，会被吓一跳，感到害怕的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他担心自己的安全，后悔那天晚上决定走一条新的路回家。A. secret秘密；B. future未来；C. safety安全；D. family家庭。根据后文“What if I’ m hurt too?”可知，Ted是在担心自己的安全。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但男孩的哭声已经越来越弱了。A. deeper更深的；B. weaker虚弱的；C. calmer镇静的；D. farther更远的。根据后文“He knew it was time for him to act fast.”可知，因为男孩的哭声已经越来越弱了，所以他知道是时候迅速采取行动了。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ted并不是个勇敢的人，但一旦他最终决定帮助那个男孩，他就变了一个人。A. kind友善的；B. strict严格的；C. mean小气的；D. brave勇敢的。根据前文“He was worried about his own 2 , and regretted having decided to take a new way home that night.”可知，Ted并不是一个勇敢的人。故选D项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ted跑到树后，把强盗从男孩身上拉开。A. pulled拉；B. dropped落下；C. turned转动；D. cleared清除。根据后文“Struggling, both of them fell to the ground, where they fought for a few minutes”可知，Ted和强盗扭打在一起，所以他是把强盗从男孩身上拉开。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人挣扎着倒在地上，搏斗了几分钟，最后那个男人跳起来逃跑了。A. escaped逃跑；B. fought战斗；C. succeeded成功；D. rested休息。根据后文“ 7 heavily, Ted stood up and came up to the boy, who was still crying.”可知，Ted走到还在哭的男孩面前，可推知，强盗逃跑了，Ted才能这么做。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ted喘着粗气站起来，走到还在哭的男孩面前。A. Walking行走；B. Pressing压，挤；C. Suffering受苦；D. Breathing呼吸。根据前文“Struggling, both of them fell to the ground, where they fought for a few minutes”可知，Ted和强盗搏斗了几分钟，所以是喘着粗气站起来。故选D项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ted不想再吓他，就远远地跟他说话。A. tree树；B. corner角落；C. distance距离；D. store商店。根据前文“Not wanting to frighten him any further”可推知，Ted为了不吓到小男孩，所以是在远处和他说话。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“没关系，”特德轻声说。A. briefly短暂地；B. firmly坚决地；C. softly轻轻地；D. happily快乐地。根据前文“Not wanting to frighten him any further”可知，，Ted为了不吓到小男孩，所以是轻声说。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：停了很长一段时间，然后他听到了这句话，小男孩惊讶地说：“爸爸，是你吗？”A. peace和平；B. surprise惊讶；C. pain疼痛；D. anger愤怒。根据前文“said in both wonder and”可知，空处应该和wonder并列，结合选项，应是B项“surprise惊讶”符合句意。故选B项。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My name is Adam. I find it a big challenge to be a freshman at senior high school. I am sure that there are a lot ____11____(explore), and I know I’ll have to study ____12____ (hard) than before and get used to taking responsibility for a lot more. Though I may meet with a lot of ____13____ (difficulty), I will try to be well prepared for university or whatever else comes.
【答案】11. to explore
12. harder 13. difficulties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了Adam作为高一新生遇到了挑战，他将努力学习，承担更多的责任，为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。句子分析可知，设空处作后置定语修饰前文“a lot”，表示有很多东西要去探索，用不定式。故填to explore。
【12题详解】
考查比较级。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。设空处作状语修饰动词“study”，由空后的“than before”可知设空处用比较级。故填harder。
【13题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：虽然我可能会遇到很多困难，我将努力为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。设空处在句中作宾语，名词difficulty在文中指具体的困难，难题，为可数名词，由空前“a lot of”可知设空处表示复数概念，用difficulty的复数形式。故填difficulties。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A new study has found that the most common favorite color is blue, a color in nature, for____14____ we always have a preference. It____15____(believe) that a blue sky is enough to make many people extremely happy. In reality, the only negative association with blue is in the English language. People say they “have the blues” or “are feeling blue” , ____16____(mean) they are sad.
【答案】14. which
15. is believed
16. meaning
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人们最喜欢的颜色——蓝色。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一项新的研究发现，人们最喜欢的颜色是蓝色，这是一种我们总是偏爱的自然颜色。分析句子成分可知，此处为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，空处需要连接词指代先行词“a color”，为物，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【15题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：人们相信蓝天足以使许多人非常快乐。固定句型It is believed that...“人们相信……”。故填is believed。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们说他们“have the blues”或“are feeling blue”，意思是他们很悲伤。分析句子成分可知，“say”为主句谓语动词，所以提示词mean应为非谓语动词，又因和主句主语“People”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用doing表示主动。故填meaning。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One very famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon. We all know____17____ love the black mouse with two large round ears- Mickey Mouse. Over 80 years ago, he first ____18____(appear) in the cartoon Steamboat Willie. When this cartoon came out in New York____19____November 18, 1928, it was the first cartoon with sound and music. The man behind Mickey was Walt Disney,____20____never thought he would make 87 cartoons with Mickey in the next decade.
【答案】17. and
18. appeared
19. on 20. who
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国文化的一个显著标志——卡通米老鼠以及成名的经历。
【17题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们都知道并喜欢那只长着两只大耳朵的黑老鼠——米老鼠。分析句子可知，空前后两词为并列关系顺承关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【18题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：80多年前，他第一次出现在动画片《威利汽船》中。设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Over 80 years ago可知，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：当1928年11月18日这部卡通在纽约上映的时候，这是第一部有声音和音乐的动画片。设空处为介词，后面是具体的某一天，应用介词on，故填on。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：米老鼠背后的人是华特·迪士尼，他从未想过自己会在接下来的十年里用米奇制作87部动画片。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Walt Disney，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland, why not visit the Maryland Science Center? It is located at 601 Light Street, Baltimore. The ticket prices vary depending on ages, groups and the exhibits you choose. Click here for more information.
Introduction
The Maryland Science Center is basically a museum, but it gives everyone a chance to learn through experience and play, rather than just glance at an exhibit.
Activities
You can learn about various topics, including outer space, the human body, dinosaurs, electricity, marine (海洋的) biology, energy, and much more. You can also take part in the interactive activities, such as racing bubbles, digging for dinosaur fossils, using puzzle pieces to construct cars, and so much more.
The Davis Planetarium (天文馆)
At the Davis Planetarium you can be back in a chair and look at the stars while still inside the Science Center. The stars will appear on the ceiling of the theatre as you watch them.
There are different shows to catch at the Davis Planetarium. You can learn about the galaxy and astronomy during the Dark Matters show. Learn about the stars and planets during the Sky Live show. The One World One Sky show allows children to explore the stars. The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun.
The Kids Room
For children, they can’t miss the Kids Room. They will be able to play in a water area, construct dams and water towers, push buttons, ring doorbells, build with blocks, and more, and definitely they will learn a lot. In addition, there is also an area for kids of two years old and under, where they can crawl, walk and explore safely with soft toys.
21. What do we know about the Maryland Science Center?
A. It charges different prices for adults and kids.
B. It is regarded as the most popular museum in Maryland.
C It is a museum where there are many famous exhibitions.
D. It is mainly designed for children and their families to play together.
22. If you want to know why the sun shines, which show should you choose?
A. The Dark Matters show. B. The Sky Live show.
C. The Live from the Sun show. D. The One World One Sky show.
23. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel plan. B. An academic column.
C. An educational magazine. D. An online advertisement.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了集娱乐和教育与一体的旅游胜地马里兰科学中心。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The ticket prices vary depending on ages, groups and the exhibits you choose. (门票价格因年龄、组别、和您选择的展品而异。)”可知，马里兰科学中心对成人和儿童收取不同的费用。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Davis Planetarium (天文馆)中“The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun. (The Live from the Sun节目将告诉你关于炎热太阳的一切。)”可知，如果你想知道为什么阳光普照，可以选择The Live from the Sun节目，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。阅读全文并根据第一段“When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland, why not visit the Maryland Science Center? It is located at 601 Light Street, Baltimore. The ticket prices vary depending on ages, groups and the exhibits you choose. Click here for more information. (想在马里兰州寻找一些有趣和有教育意义的事情，为什么不去参观马里兰州科学中心呢？它位于巴尔的光影街道601号。门票价格因年龄、组别、和您选择的展品而异。单击此处了解更多信息。)”可知，本文主要介绍了既有娱乐意义又有教育意义的旅游之地。由此可知文章出自与一个旅游计划。故选A。
B
Carlos, a businessman, is tall, with a lively face. His son Paco isn’t as tall as his father, but his long arms and legs suggest he’ll still grow taller. Whenever Paco isn’t concentrating on his smartphone, he can be seen in scuba gear (水中呼吸装置). It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.
Paco, who is 14, is the second oldest among Carlos’ children: Javier, 21, Adriana, 10, and Carolina, 6.“I try to find common ground between me and my kids. I find something we all have in common, and then go from there,” says Carlos.“It’s all different with each of them. My eldest doesn’t like diving like Paco. So, for example, if they like games, I approach talking with them through their games, and then go from there. It’s just being there for them, listening to them, and knowing their problems and anxieties. You just need to let them know you’re there for them.“
For Carlos and Paco, it was diving, a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family. “I got certified (获得认证) with my brother Richie. It was an on and off thing with diving,” Carlos shares. “Three years ago, I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well, which gave me a reason to go back to diving.
“We even got certified for the advanced open water course together. That’s how committed we are to diving,“ Carlos says.“Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories. Also, he always lets me have as much food as I want, so that’s a plus,” Paco adds. The two then talked about some of their best trips together when diving.“The most unforgettable one for me was our five-day Visayan live-aboard dive trip. The sights were excellent, and it was three dives a day, so we went underwater to our heart’s content. What else could I ask for?“ says Carlos.
24. Carlos gets along well with his children by________.
A. learning some new skills from his children
B. training his children to be professional athletes
C. getting to know his kids through common interests
D. keeping his kids away from problems and anxieties
25. What can we learn about Carlos’ diving?
A. He was bad at it in the beginning.
B. He put it aside for a period of time.
C. He has been sticking to the hobby since 1997.
D. He got certified under the direction of his dad.
26. How does Paco feel being with his dad?
A. He opens up more easily. B. He enjoys more freedom.
C. He is much safer. D. He learns faster.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解他的孩子，这一共同兴趣就是潜水，并介绍了Carlos的潜水经历以及Paco对此的看法。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.(正是通过这个爱好，他和他的父亲建立了联系) ”以及第二段中“I try to find common ground between me and my kids.(我试图找到我和孩子们之间的共同点) ”可知，Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解孩子。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For Carlos and Paco, it was diving, a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family. “I got certified (获得认证) with my brother Richie. It was an on and off thing with diving,” Carlos shares. (对Carlos和Paco来说，最重要的是潜水。前者的爱好始于1997年，当时他的父亲买了一艘船，并决定为全家购买潜水装备。我从我哥哥里奇那里获得了认证。这是一件断断续续的事情，” Carlos分享道) 和“Three years ago, I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well, which gave me a reason to go back to diving.(三年前，我得知Paco也想学习如何潜水，这给了我一个重返潜水的理由) ”可知，Carlos把潜水搁置了一段时间。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories. Also, he always lets me have as much food as I want, so that’s a plus,” Paco adds. (和爸爸一起玩真的很有趣，因为我们创造了很多回忆。而且，他总是让我想吃多少就吃多少，这是一个加分项，” Paco补充道。)”可知，Paco感觉和爸爸在一起能享受更多自由。故选B。
C
The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain’s ability to keep memories, says Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of California, Irvine. So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.
Photos may outsource memories. It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we’re so distracted (分心的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether.
The first explanation is the loss of memory. People know that their camera is recording that moment, so they don’t try to remember. Similarly, if you write down someone’s phone number, you’re less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there’s just no need. That’s all well and good — until that piece of paper goes missing.
The other is distraction. We’re distracted by the process of taking a photo — how we hold our phone, composing the photo, such as smiling faces, the background to our liking and clear image, all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.
However, taking photos can benefit memory — when done mindfully. While taking a photo may be distracting, the act of preparation by focusing on visual details around has some upsides.
When people take the time to zoom in (拉近镜头) on specific things, memories become strengthened.
Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately with the photos. Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences. Thus, photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up. Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.
27. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To bring up a topic. B. To present an experience.
C. To show an approach. D. To give a suggestion.
28. What does the underlined word “outsource” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Make full use of. B. Get rid of.
C. Take the place of. D. Are made up of.
29. What may likely be discussed next?
A. Situations when taking photos is better.
B. How to stay focused while taking photos.
C. When distraction is most likely to happen.
D. How to use photo-taking to memorize better.
30. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Photography or Memories
B. Fewer Photos, More Memories
C. Photography Does Good to Memories
D. Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
【答案】27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.(太阳落山了，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来。为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式)”可知，本段描写了海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机拍照留念，但拍照并不是人们所以为的保存记忆的完美方式。由此推知，第一段的目的是引出文章的主题。故选A。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we’re so distracted (分心的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether.(它以两种方式起作用：我们要么在拍照时摆脱了记住瞬间的责任，要么在拍照过程中分心，完全错过了那一刻)”可知，拍照让人们错过了一些记忆，让人们依赖相机而不是自己的大脑去回忆一些美好时刻。由此推知，划线词outsource与take the place of(代替)意思接近。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.(因此，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，如果是有目的的，这是值得进一步探索的)”可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何照相以便能更好地记忆。故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.(太阳落山了，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来。为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式)”及下文介绍可知，文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。由此可知，Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly(记住当下，合理拍照)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
D
The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now, as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I, unlike my classmates, have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure (不安全) and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by social media.While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
31. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?
A. Social media are popular in schools.
B. Young pupils suffer from social media.
C. The author has no access to social media.
D. Social media contribute to students’ study.
32. From paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. students get easily distracted by social media
B. pictures of people taking part in exciting activities are not real
C. family gatherings are not meaningful if not shared with others
D. the author never shares aspects of his lives with others on social media
33. Why do people using social media might feel insecure?
A. They post their images on social media.
B. They follow other people’s beauty standards totally.
C. Social media change the way they look at themselves.
D. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.
34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B. Social media can waste people’s valuable time.
C. Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.
D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要从作者对自己不喜欢社交媒体的这一心理的反思入手，针对社交媒体对当下人们的影响进行思考和论述。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了作者身边的人及作者本人对社交媒体平台的态度，结合第一段前两句“The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age.(我第一次听说同学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在很小的时候就兴奋地登上了Instagram这样的平台)”可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。故选A项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so. (我从来没想过要这么做。我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒体可以让他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人。然而，我从来没有兴趣做同样的事情。在我看来，家庭聚会和朋友聚会在不与人分享的情况下，同样有意义，甚至更有意义)”可知，作者从来没有在社交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.(大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经历。被改变的照片代表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体，我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为一个独一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比较)”可知，社交媒体平台上的图片等内容可能是经过编辑的，一些美丽标准是不容易实现的。且这些社交媒体容易让人产生对比心理，阅读者往往将博主的生活和自己的生活进行对比，使自己对自己的看法产生变化，而作者不同于他人，作者是不想这样去对比的。由此可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.(我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分心。在努力完成家庭作业的同时，他们有一种强烈的冲动，想打开Instagram或Facebook，看看是否有新消息)”可知，社交媒体会影响完成作业的进度，使得人们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to deal with your homework
Write it down. ____35____ Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won’t forget anything.
Create a homework station. Find somewhere comfortable and quiet to do your home work. ____36____ It will take twice as long to get the homework done. Shut off your cell phone, log off (退出) your computer (unless you need it for your homework) and close the door.
Do homework as early as possible. Don’t leave homework to the last minute. ____37____ The earlier you start your homework, the sooner you will finish! Do all your homework as early as you can, so you don’t have a pile of (一堆) homework the next day.
____38____ Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject. For example: English-ten minutes, science-ten minutes, math-forty minutes, history-twenty minutes.
Treat yourself. You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping. Once you finish homework for a subject, take a small break (no more than 15 minutes). Either taking a walk or finding something to eat will do. But do not turn on the TV, or you’ll never go back to your study. ____39____
A. Use your time wisely.
B. Start as soon as you get home.
C. Start with your hardest homework.
D. Do not burn the midnight oil, either.
E. Never do your homework in front of the TV.
F. After short breaks, return to finish the rest of your homework.
G. Keep a homework notebook where you record all your homework.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. B 38. A 39. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者旨在给读者就如何写作业提出了建议。
【35题详解】
前文“Write it down.”（写下作业。）和后文“Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won’t forget anything.”（一定要把所有的作业都写下来，这样你就不会忘记任何东西。）可推测登记作业需要使用到一个笔记本，把作业都记在笔记本上，选项G意思为“使用作业笔记本记录所有作业。”，符合语境。故选G项。
【36题详解】
前文“Create a homework station.”（创建作业站。）告诉读者要为写作业制造一个独立的空间；后文“It will take twice as long to get the homework done.”（完成作业需要两倍的时间。）可知代词it指代的应该是影响写作业效率的场所。在电视机面前写作业可想而知，效率不高，选项E意为“不要在电视剧面前写作业”符合语境。故选E项。
【37题详解】
前文本段主旨句“Do homework as early as possible.”（尽可能快去写作业。）可知本段主要说明写作业的时间安排要尽早。选项B意为“你一回家立马做作业。”符合语境。故选B项。
【38题详解】
后文“Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject.”（想想你要花多长时间才能完成每个科目的家庭作业。）可知本段讲述的是各科时间分配问题。选项A意为“明智地使用时间。”符合语境，可作第四段的主题句。故选A项。
【39题详解】
前文“You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping.”（坐着完成一两个小时的作业而不停下来，你很容易感到疲劳。）指出做作业时不休息容易疲劳，不太好。即意味着作者建议写作业的建议也需要休息，需要劳逸结合。选项F意为“短暂休息后，回来完成剩余的作业。”符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节:阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Adilah was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories. One story was about sharks. They had plastic in their stomachs. Adilah knew she needed to do something. First, she joined a group. It organized clean-up activities in Dubai, her home city. “The group helps me understand what a person can do and how I can really make a difference.” she says.
Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World. Its goal is to fight climate change. It has brought together nearly 10, 000 youths. They come from all over the world. Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them about what they can do to deal with climate change. They can grow food or plant trees. They can collect recyclables. “This is the information which can help change our future.” Adilah says.
Dubai is a desert big city. Growing up there has made Adilah understand the need for action. Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. She believes young people can bring attention to these environmental challenges.
Adilah is all about small actions. But she has big plans. She’d like to go to college in California. While she’s there, she’ll continue being an activist. She wil1 also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.
40. Where is Adilah’s home city?
________________
41. What risks does Adilah’s city face?
________________
42. Please underline the false part in the following statement and explain why.
➢Adilah created Kids for a Better World, whose goal is to teach youths how to grow food or plant trees.
________________
43. Among Adilah’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words)
________________
【答案】40. It’s in Dubai.
41. It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
42. Adilah created Kids for a Better World, whose goal is to teach youths how to grow food or plant trees. Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage “Its goal is to fight climate change”, we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.
43. Being ambitious is important . Because according to the last paragraph, we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans, which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet.
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Adilah的女孩，为了保护家乡的环境，应对不断变化的气候而做出的努力。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“It organized clean-up activities in Dubai, her home city. ”（它在迪拜、她的家乡组织了清洁活动。）可知，Adilah的家乡城市在迪拜。故答案为：It’s in Dubai.
41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. ”（她所在的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。）可知，Adilah的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。故答案为：It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World. Its goal is to fight climate change. ”（然后Adilah创造了儿童更美好的世界，其目标是对抗气候变化。）可知，Adilah创建的Kids for Better World的目标对抗气候变化，而不是种植食物或树木，所以题目中所给句子中的“grow food or plant trees”（种植食物或树木）是错误的，为划线部分；用英语解释原因，答案为：Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage “Its goal is to fight climate change”, we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.
【43题详解】
开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据最后一段“But she has big plans. ”（但她有远大的计划）和“she’ll continue being an activist. She wil1 also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.”（她会继续做一个积极分子，她还将运营Kid for a Better World，她希望鼓励其他人为绿色地球而奋斗。）并结合全文可知，她是个有雄心壮志的人，这一点可以帮助组织并鼓励青少年们为保护环境、建造绿色家园而努力，对我们是很重要的。故答案为：Being ambitious is important . Because according to the last paragraph, we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans, which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你英国好友Jim在他所在城市举办的主题为“Protecting World Wildlife” 海报设计大赛中，获得一等奖。请给Jim写一封电子邮件，
内容包括：
1.祝贺他获奖；
2.肯定他的才华。
注意： 1.词数100字左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am more than delighted to hear that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition with the theme of “Protecting World Wildlife” held in your city. Congratulations!
As your best friend, I am very proud of you! I know you are good at poster design. You have rich imagination and creativity. At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts. Your efforts have finally paid off. I hope I could do as well as you. Could you share your successful experience with me?
I’d appreciate it if you could write me back soon and give me some guidance and help. Congratulations again!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友 Peter写封信，介绍今天参加的一个关于因特网的优劣的辩论会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→conduct
分享：share→partake of
高兴的：delighted→glad
为……感到骄傲：be proud of =take pride in
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts. Your efforts have finally paid off.
拓展句：At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts and your efforts have finally paid off.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am more than delighted to hear that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition with the theme of “Protecting World Wildlife” held in your city. (运用了that引导的宾语从句及过去分词作定语)
[高分句型2] I hope I could do as well as you. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
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