北京市昌平区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市昌平区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了 5分, 共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

昌平区 2022—2023学年第一学期高一年级期末质量抽测
英语试卷
本试卷共11页, 共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上, 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后, 将答题卡交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节, 30分)
第一节：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 共15分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Sana, why don’t you read this paragraph for us?” asked Miss Mehwish. Hesitantly, Sana stood up to read the paragraph. She was hesitant as she stammered (口吃), “Em…Emma was stand…ing …” The class burst into ____1____ “Sana,” said Miss Mehwish, “Sana, sit down.” Feeling ____2____, Sana sat down and Miss Mehwish asked someone else to ____3____ it.
After the class, Sana went to the library to practice reading and overcome her inability. To go to the bookshelf, she walked ____4____ some of her classmates who were already sitting there.
She heard them talk ____5____, “What is she doing here?” asked one. “She needs to work hard!” laughed others. Disappointed, Sana picked a book. She settled at the far corner of the library and started reading the book. After many attempts, she found that it was not possible for her to read fluently. She needed a lot of practice and guidance.
Aliza, one of her classmates who was observing her for quite some time, walked close to Sana and offered her ____6____. Reluctantly (勉强地), Sana agreed. So every day, whenever they got time, Aliza went to teach Sana in reading.
Soon Sana started to read fluently and she gained ____7____. A few weeks later, Miss Mehwish conducted a reading test. When it was Sana’s turn, to everyone’s ____8____, Sana read the paragraph without stammering or hesitation. Miss Mehwish praised Sana on her ____9____ reading ability.
Sana thanked Aliza for helping her and realised that there are always two types of classmates: the ones who make fun of you and the ones who help you ____10____ your weaknesses.
1. A. anger B. tears C. cheers D. laughter
2. A. surprised B. worried C. embarrassed D. pleased
3. A. accept B. clean C. read D. use
4. A. past B. around C. with D. over
5 A. bravely B. slowly C. calmly D. quietly
6. A. help B. time C. money D. hope
7. A. strength B. confidence C. support D. honor
8. A. regret B. shock C. shame D. relief
9. A. improved B. required C. identified D. hidden
10. A. forget B. find C. value D. overcome
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Sana在阅读方面有困难，她班上的同学们嘲笑她，但是Aliza帮助她克服了她的缺点，使她可以流利地阅读，Sana感谢Aliza的帮助，她意识到总有两种同学：一种取笑你的，一种帮助你克服缺点的。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：全班哄堂大笑。A. anger愤怒；B. tears眼泪；C. cheers欢呼声；D. laughter笑，笑声。根据上文“she stammered”和最后一段的“the ones who make fun of you”可知，全班同学听见Sana口吃就嘲笑她，此处表示“全班哄堂大笑”，burst into laughter意为“突然大笑起来”。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sana感到很尴尬，她坐了下来，Mehwish小姐请别人读了一下。A. surprised惊讶的；B. worried担心的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. pleased高兴的。根据上文“The class burst into ____1____”可知，同学们嘲笑她，Sana应该会感到很尴尬。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sana感到很尴尬，她坐了下来，Mehwish小姐请别人读了一下。A. accept接受；B. clean清洁；C. read读；D. use用。根据上文“why don’t you read this paragraph”可知，Mehwish小姐请别人读了一下。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在去书架的路上，她从几个已经坐在那里的同学身边走过。A. past经过；B. around围绕；C. with和；D. over在……上面。根据下文“She heard them talk”可知，在去书架的路上，她从几个已经坐在那里的同学身边走过，空格处意为“经过”。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她听见他们低声说：“她在这儿干什么？”其中一个问道。A. bravely勇敢地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. calmly平静地；D. quietly悄悄地。根据下文““What is she doing here?” asked one. “She needs to work hard!” laughed others”可知，此处表示“她听见他们低声说”，空格处用“悄悄地”。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的同学Aliza观察了她很长一段时间，走到Sana附近并提供了帮助。A. help帮助；B. time时间；C. money钱；D. hope希望。根据下文“Aliza went to teach Sana in reading”可知，Aliza提供了帮助。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，Sana开始流利地阅读，她有了信心。A. strength力量；B. confidence信心；C. support支持；D. honor荣誉。根据上文“Sana started to read fluently”可知，Sana开始流利地阅读，她有了信心。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当轮到Sana的时候，让所有人震惊的是，Sana没有口吃或犹豫地读了这段话。A. regret后悔；B. shock震惊；C. shame惭愧；D. relief宽慰，轻松。根据下文“Sana read the paragraph without stammering or hesitation”可知，Sana没有口吃或犹豫地读了这段话，这应该会让人震惊。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mehwish老师赞扬了Sana阅读能力的提高。A. improved提高了的；B. required必需的；C. identified被识别的；D. hidden隐藏的。根据上文“Sana read the paragraph without stammering or hesitation”可知，Sana阅读能力提高了。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sana感谢Aliza的帮助，她意识到总有两种同学：一种取笑你的，一种帮助你克服缺点的。A. forget忘记；B. find找到；C. value重视；D. overcome克服。根据上文“Sana read the paragraph without stammering or hesitation”可知，有一种朋友是会帮助你克服缺点的。故选D。
第二节：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 共15分)
A
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Tian travelled to a village as a volunteer teacher. However, not everything lived up to his hopes. The school was much ___11___ (small) than he had expected, with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground ___12___ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought. The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he ___13___ (quick) gave up on the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges.
【答案】11. smaller
12. which##that
13. quickly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Zhang Tian去一个农村当志愿者教师，但这所学校不是所有的一切都符合他的期望。
【11题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这所学校比他想象的要小得多，只有三个教室。由than可知，空格处用比较级smaller，故填smaller。
【12题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在教室前面，有一个操场，刮风的时候是尘土飞扬的，下雨天是泥泞的。分析可知，空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词playground是物，因此空格处用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，故填which/that。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：离开的想法曾经闪过他的脑海，但他很快放弃了这个想法，并找到了应对挑战的方法。空格处要用副词quickly修饰动词短语gave up，故填quickly。
B
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was my first time spending Spring Festival in China ___14___ my host family. Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations began a week before the festival. First, the house ___15___ (clean)from top to bottom. Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door. The greatest excitement began the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. We then sat together ___16___(enjoy) a big dinner, wishing everyone a happy new year.
【答案】14. with
15 was cleaned
16. enjoying
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在中国过春节的经历和感受。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是我第一次和寄宿家庭在中国过春节。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处需用介词with，表示“和……”，即和寄宿制家庭过春节。故填with。
【15题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：首先，房子被彻底打扫了一遍。由文章前一句谓语动词began 和空后was可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情；又因house与clean之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数，所以用was。故填was cleaned。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后我们坐在一起享受一顿丰盛的晚餐，祝大家新年快乐。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语We与enjoy之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填enjoying。
C
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In some ___17___ (country), people are living very long lives. What are some of their secrets to longevity (长寿)? Scientific research shows that eating the right foods ___18___ (play) a big role in determining how long you’ll live. Exercise is also important. A study found that people ___19___ exercised at recommended levels gained 3, 4 years of life compared to those who were inactive. In addition, research suggests that there is a link between happiness ___20___lifespan-happy people tend to live longer and experience better health than their unhappy peers.
【答案】17. countries
18. plays 19. who
20. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍长寿的秘诀。
【17题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在一些国家，人们的寿命很长。设空前有some修饰，应用名词的复数形式，故填countries。
【18题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：科学研究表明，吃正确的食物在决定你的寿命方面发挥着重要作用。分析可知，设空处为从句谓语，根据主句可知时态为一般现在时，主语是动名词，谓语用第三人称单数，故填plays。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一项研究发现与不运动的人相比，按照推荐水平锻炼的人寿命延长了3,4年。分析可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，关系代词在从句中做主语，故填who。
【20题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：此外，研究表明，与快乐之间也有联系，快乐的人往往比不快乐的同龄人活得更久、更健康。分析可知，设空处引导同位语从句，对link进行解释说明，从句中不缺少成分，也不缺少意思，故填that。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分, 共28分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Harbin Ice and Snow World
When talking about China Ice Festival, people are typically referring to the Harbin Ice and Snow World, which shows ice sculptures of huge proportions and opens usually from 11 am to 10 pm each day.
Best time to enter: Harbin gets dark at around 4 pm in winter. The best time to enter the ice world is around 3 pm to appreciate the shining ice sculptures in the daytime, soon followed by the dazzling colors and light effects at night. It is recommended to spend no more than 4 hours inside the ice world, since it is well below freezing, especially after sunset. Activities to take:
1. Put on your Elsa dress, walk into dreamlike but real ice buildings, and appreciate ice castles and people sculptures.
2. Experience the speed and excitement of icy super slides. You have the choice of eight ice slides of different sizes. The longest is 300 meters.
3. Entertain yourself with various amusements like ice climbing, skating, skiing, ice mazes, snow fights, and ice biking.
4. Attend the Harbin Show —— a splendid ice-and-snow-themed show combining ice dances, ice magic, clown comedy, catwalk models, ice acrobatics, etc. The Harbin Show is performed by artists from all over the world, three times a day after 5 pm, each show lasting around 40 minutes. No matter whether you are a solo traveler looking for a travel partner, a couple looking for something romantic and fairy tale, or traveling with young children or with friends for fun and adventure, we can create a trip that is right for you. Read our personalized One-Day Ice and Snow Fairyland Tour for inspiration or scan the QR code to tell us your needs.

21. According to the author, the best time to visit the ice world is
A. at around 11 am B. at around 8 pm
C. at around 3 pm D. at around 10 pm
22. What can you do in the ice world according to the passage?
A. Enjoying the ice driving. B. Experiencing icy slides.
C. Creating ice buildings. D. Learning ice dance.
23. In which section of a newspaper may readers find this passage?
A. Travel. B. Business. C. Science. D. Sport.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是哈尔滨冰雪大世界的相关情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The best time to enter the ice world is around 3 pm to appreciate the shining ice sculptures in the daytime(进入冰雪世界的最佳时间是下午3点左右，可以欣赏白天闪闪发光的冰雕)”可知，参观冰雪世界的最佳时间是下午3点，故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Experience the speed and excitement of icy super slides.(体验冰雪超级滑梯的速度和刺激。)”可知，在冰雪世界你能体验冰冷的滑梯。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“No matter whether you are a solo traveler looking for a travel partner, a couple looking for something romantic and fairy tale, or traveling with young children or with friends for fun and adventure, we can create a trip that is right for you.(无论您是寻找旅行伙伴的独自旅行者，还是寻找浪漫和童话的情侣，还是与年幼的孩子或与朋友一起旅行，我们都可以为您创造适合您的旅行。)”可知，这是一篇广告，介绍的是哈尔滨冰雪大世界的相关情况，是关于旅游的，因此可以在报纸的旅行版面找到这篇文章。故选A。
B
Juliana is a 28-year-old Female Chief Engineer, who works in an oil tanker (油轮) in Brazil. She is one of the handful female chief engineers in the Country. The environment of an oil tanker is a tough one to work in and Juliana is one of the toughest chief engineers the company has. Her ship supplies fuel to other ships coming to the port and her job requires her to pay much attention all the time.
Unlike most chief engineers, who avoid getting dirt on their hands, Juliana loves to put her hands in grease (润滑油). She changes oil and engines and attends all daily works. According to Juliana, her job is not something that other women cannot do. Though the work on ship requires considerable amount of physical strength, a trained woman officer can easily deal with it. When asked the same question to Juliana, she said, “I think many things should be done not with force but with intelligence. Many men think that women do not have the ability, but it is up to the women to prove these men wrong. And it is very much possible if there is enough effort”.
Juliana wants women to explore several great opportunities that the shipping industry provides. She has been sailing as a chief engineer for last 2 years and she loves every bit of her job. She has sailed for as long as 45 days continuously from Brazil to China and she is very happy with the career choice she has made. Her work involves constant traveling to new places, during which, she has made many new friends and visited several interesting places. But what she loves most is the satisfaction she gets from doing something adventurous and unique.
Juliana wants to tell all the women out there in the world that they have great possibilities to seek a respectable position in the maritime (海上的) field. She feels that it is important for women to believe in themselves and look for unique career opportunities in the marine industry.
24. What do we know about Juliana?
A. She is not easy to get along with.
B. She is always careful with the work.
C. She is eager to take charge of the company.
D. She is good at avoiding getting dirt on her hands.
25. What’s the second paragraph mainly about?
A. Her advantages over men. B. Her daily work on the ship.
C. Her suggestions for women. D. Her attitude to women’s work.
26. What attracts Juliana most in her job?
A. Making many new friends. B. Travelling abroad constantly.
C. Visiting several interesting places. D. Getting satisfaction from doing works.
27. Which of the following word can best describe Juliana?
A. Honest. B. Easygoing.
C. Confident. D. Warmhearted.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是在油轮上工作的女总工程师Juliana的相关情况。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Her ship supplies fuel to other ships coming to the port and her job requires her to pay much attention all the time.(她的船为其他来港的船只提供燃料，她的工作要求她时刻保持高度的注意力。)”可知，她对工作总是很细心。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Unlike most chief engineers, who avoid getting dirt on their hands, Juliana loves to put her hands in grease (润滑油). She changes oil and engines and attends all daily works. According to Juliana, her job is not something that other women cannot do. Though the work on ship requires considerable amount of physical strength, a trained woman officer can easily deal with it.(不像大多数总工程师，他们避免让自己的手沾上污垢，Juliana喜欢把她的手放在油脂中。她负责更换机油和发动机，并参与所有日常工作。Juliana说，她的工作并不是其他女性不能做的。虽然船上的工作需要相当大的体力，但一个训练有素的女军官可以轻松应付。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是她在船上的日常工作。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“But what she loves most is the satisfaction she gets from doing something adventurous and unique.(但她最喜欢的是做一些冒险和独特的事情所带来的满足感。)”可知，Juliana工作中最吸引她的是从工作中获得满足感。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Juliana wants to tell all the women out there in the world that they have great possibilities to seek a respectable position in the maritime (海上的) field. She feels that it is important for women to believe in themselves and look for unique career opportunities in the marine industry.(Juliana想告诉世界上所有的女性，她们有很大的可能性在海事领域寻求一个受人尊敬的职位。她认为女性应该相信自己，并在海洋行业寻找独特的职业机会。)”可知，她是一个很有自信的人，故选C。
C
Does Music Make You Run Faster?
An expert on the effects of music on exercise, Dr. Costas Karageorghis, claims that listening to music while running can raise performance by up to 15%. To put this theory to the test, I took part in a special half marathon, which had groups of musicians playing at various points along the route.
As I was at the start, a singer sang an inspiring song for us. It may explain why I got off to a good start. But apart from the song at the start, I can hardly remember the music played along the course. “Outstanding runners”, says Karageorghis, “tend to focus on themselves when they are running.” According to him, most other runners look for encouragement and distraction from what is going on around them. It is true. Then what did other runners make of the music? Adam Bull usually runs marathons with no music and little crowd support. “The music here has been great for my performance. With the cheerful bands, you find yourself running to the beat, which helps.”
The only person I found who was less than happy with the music was Lois Lloyd. “I found the music wasn’t loud enough, so I ran with an MP 3 player.” she said. “I need my music all the time.”Karageorghis is not surprised when I tell him. “There are many advantages to using your own player, rather than relying on the music on the course,” he says.
“It gives you a constant encouragement, and you can change the playlist to your taste.”
One runner told me there was a direct connection between the quality of the music on the course and how much it helped. But quality, of course, is based on personal opinions.
Of course, the music was not only there to help runners break their personal bests, but to provide a sense of occasion, draw out the crowds and create a festival atmosphere. Along with some spring sunshine, it certainly achieved that.
28. Why did the author take part in a special half marathon?
A. To win a prize. B. To test a theory.
C. To enjoy the music. D. To do some exercise.
29. According to the passage, Dr. Costas Karageorghis may believe that______.
A. music brings more benefits to outstanding runners
B. music can help improve people’s performance in running
C. music with high quality helps much in running in half marathon
D. music on the course works better than that in runners’ own players
30. What is the author’s attitude to the function of music to running?
A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Uncertain.
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了音乐可以帮助提高人们在跑步中的表现。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“To put this theory to the test, I took part in a special half marathon, which had groups of musicians playing at various points along the route(为了验证这一理论，我参加了一场特殊的半程马拉松比赛，沿途有几组音乐家在不同的地点演奏)”可知，作者参加这场特殊的马拉松是为了验证上文提到的理论，故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“An expert on the effects of music on exercise, Dr. Costas Karageorghis, claims that listening to music while running can raise performance by up to 15%(研究音乐对运动影响的专家Costas Karageorghis博士称，跑步时听音乐可以使运动表现提高15%)”可知，Costas Karageorghis相信音乐可以帮助提高人们在跑步中的表现。故选B。
【30题详解】
观点态度题。根据最后一段“Of course, the music was not only there to help runners break their personal bests, but to provide a sense of occasion, draw out the crowds and create a festival atmosphere. Along with some spring sunshine, it certainly achieved that.(当然，音乐的存在不仅仅是为了帮助跑者打破他们的个人最好成绩，而是为了提供一种场合感，吸引人群，创造节日气氛。再加上春天的阳光，它当然做到了)”可知， 作者非常认同音乐在跑步时对人的积极作用，及提高个人表现，创造场合感和欢快的气氛。由此可知，作者对于跑步时音乐的功能是持积极乐观的态度的。故选A。
D
Scientists and ordinary people alike have long wondered why mosquitoes are more attracted to some people than others. Growing evidence suggests that a person’s unique odor (气味) plays a large part in it, with several odorants known as mosquito attractants. Now, the smell of carboxylic acids (羧酸) can be added to that list, researchers at Rockefeller University reported.

“Everybody asks why some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.” Leslie Vosshall, a study coauthor and neurobiologist says.
So Vosshall and her colleagues gathered 64 volunteers and asked each of them to wear nylon stockings around their arms for six hours to collect their unique skin odor. They then placed two stockings into separate containers side by side, and released mosquitoes to see which stocking they moved toward. After pitting the different stockings with each other, the team came out with a winner that was about 100 times more attractive than the last place stocking.
The scientists repeated these experiments over three years with the same volunteers, finding that the volunteer’s attractiveness rating remained stable over time despite changes in diet or skin product usage.
Then the scientists performed a chemical analysis on the stockings. Sure enough, they found that the stockings that were highly attractive to mosquitoes had high levels of carboxylic acids. “If you have high levels of this stuff on your skin, you’re going to be the one at the picnic getting all the bites,” says Vosshall.
The scientists tried genetically changing the insects to reduce their sensitivity to the acids. However, this did not affect the mosquitoes’ preferences.
“I think this shows the fact that mosquitoes are choosing who to bite based on several odors from our skin.”
“It also shows outstanding performance in the olfactory (嗅觉的) system of the mosquito: when one receiver is disturbed, the relevant odor can still be found by a different receiver,” Vosshall says.
Unfortunately, it’s difficult to change the production of carboxylic acids or other odorants without negatively affecting skin health, Vosshall says. And it is unlikely that any single product could change a person’s skin odor to enable them to avoid mosquitoes entirely. “Mosquitoes have many other plans to be able to find us and bite us.” she says.
31. What does the underlined word “pitting” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Mixing. B. Exchanging. C. Comparing. D. Covering.
32. What can we learn from the passage?
A. People’s attractiveness changes if they use different skin products.
B. Mosquitoes have limited receivers to odors that are easily disturbed.
C. People with high levels of carboxylic acids are more attractive to mosquitoes.
D. Mosquitoes’ preferences can be changed if their sensitivity to the acids is reduced.
33. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Carboxylic acids are harmful to skin health.
B. Mosquitoes prefer people who don’t use skin product.
C. People have many plans to stay away from mosquitoes.
D. Products changing skin odor can hardly prevent mosquitoes.
34. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Why are some people more attractive to mosquitoes than others?
B What can people do to protect themselves from mosquitoes?
C. When are mosquitoes most sensitive to the acids?
D. How do mosquitoes impact people’s skin health?
【答案】31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究发现羧酸的气味使某些人比其他人更吸引蚊子。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“the different stockings with each other(不同的丝袜之间)”和“the team came out with a winner that was about 100 times more attractive than the last place stocking(这个团队最终选出了比倒数第一名的长袜更吸引人100倍的冠军长袜)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“在将不同的长筒袜相互比拼后，该团队选出了比倒数第一名的长袜更吸引人100倍的冠军长袜”。由此可知，划线词pitting的意思是“比较”，和comparing意思相近，故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“Sure enough, they found that the stockings that were highly attractive to mosquitoes had high levels of carboxylic acids. “If you have high levels of this stuff on your skin, you’re going to be the one at the picnic getting all the bites,” says Vosshall.(果不其然，他们发现对蚊子极具吸引力的长袜含有大量的羧酸。“如果你皮肤上有大量的这种物质，你就会成为野餐时被咬伤的那个人，”Vosshall说)”可知，从文章中我们能了解到羧酸含量高的人对蚊子更有吸引力。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“And it is unlikely that any single product could change a person’s skin odor to enable them to avoid mosquitoes entirely.(而且，任何一种单一的产品都不太可能改变一个人的皮肤气味，使他们能够完全避开蚊子)”可推知，改变皮肤气味的产品很难阻止蚊子。故选D。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Scientists and ordinary people alike have long wondered why mosquitoes are more attracted to some people than others. Growing evidence suggests that a person’s unique odor (气味) plays a large part in it, with several odorants known as mosquito attractants. Now, the smell of carboxylic acids (羧酸) can be added to that list, researchers at Rockefeller University reported.(长期以来，科学家和普通人都想知道为什么蚊子对某些人更有吸引力。越来越多的证据表明，一个人独特的气味在很大程度上起着作用，有几种气味被称为蚊子引诱剂。现在，洛克菲勒大学的研究人员报告称，羧酸的气味可以被添加到这个列表中)”可知，文章介绍了一项研究，研究发现羧酸的气味使某些人比其他人更吸引蚊子。由此可知，“为什么有些人比其他人更吸引蚊子？”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分, 共10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For many parents, it is not easy to ask for information from children about what they did at school all day. ____35____But other times, they keep silence or respond with a single word. It doesn’t have to be so tough. With the right strategies, even the most silent child will open up. ____36____
Don’t ask “How was your day?”.
This question often leads to one-word answers or a shrug. For many children, the question is too general and they don’t want to think about how to answer it with specifics.
Share your own experiences.
____37____Don’t shy away from sharing your challenging experiences. It will get the conversation started and help children understand their own emotions. Labeling that you are also having a stressful experience is a good chance to show them how they might do that.
____38____
Ask when your child feels disappointed, frustrated or sad, too. Asking children to share negative as well as positive emotions can help to surface problems in a more routine, less stressful way.
Avoid distractions.
Choose a time to talk when you’ll be able to listen to your child. ____39____ Children are less likely to reply with thoughtful answers when you’re not paying full attention. Full focus will help you ask follow-up questions, which are important to show interest.
A. Don’t rush to know everything.
B. Sometimes, kids are happy to chat.
C. Don’t expect only positive experiences.
D. Here’s how to get them to tell you about their day.
E. Put your phone down and avoid doing other chores.
F. One way is to ask children to retell what they learned in school.
G. Children may follow your lead if you share your own highlights and lowlights.
【答案】35. B 36. D 37. G 38. C 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述让孩子如何敞开心扉和你谈话的一些方法。
【35题详解】
根据下文“But other times, they keep silence or respond with a single word.(但其他时候，他们保持沉默或只用一句话回应。)”可推断出上文和此相反，B选项“有时候，孩子们很乐意聊天。”符合题意，并且“Sometimes”呼应下文“other times”，故选B。
【36题详解】
根据上文“With the right strategies, even the most silent child will open up.(有了正确的策略，即使是最沉默的孩子也会敞开心扉。) ”再结合下文的各个小标题，可知此处讲有一些方法可以让孩子敞开心扉，故D选项“下面是如何让他们告诉你他们的一天。”符合题意，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据小标题“分享你自己的经历”可知本段主要讲关于怎样去分享自己的经历的，G选项“如果你分享你自己的亮点和不足，孩子们可能会跟随你的脚步。”符合本段主旨，并且紧密连接下文，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据本段内容“Ask when your child feels disappointed, frustrated or sad, too. Asking children to share negative as well as positive emotions can help to surface problems in a more routine, less stressful way.(问问你孩子什么时候感到失望、沮丧或悲伤。让孩子们分享消极和积极的情绪，可以帮助他们以一种更常规、压力更小的方式解决问题。)”可知本段讲不但要分享积极的情绪，也要分享消极的情绪，C选项“不要只期待积极的经历。”概况了本段主旨，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Choose a time to talk when you’ll be able to listen to your child.(选择一个你能听孩子说话的时间。) ”可知要选择不能分心的时间去听孩子说话，再结合下文“Children are less likely to reply with thoughtful answers when you’re not paying full attention.( 当你没有全神贯注的时候，孩子不太可能给出深思熟虑的答案。)”，可推测出此处为说明你应该如何做才能不分心，E选项“放下手机，避免做其他家务”起到承上启下的作用，故选E。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节, 32分)
第一节：阅读表达(共4小题;第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43 题5分, 共12分)。
阅读下面短文, 根据文章内容及题目要求回答问题。
Is it the future worrying me? Did I hurt someone by mistake? Am I expecting too much from life? We are often stuck in these unnecessary thoughts, causing anxiety and making us weak.
The escape from my sadness and depressed thought has been cooking for the past few months. I read through quick recipes, find the ones that I can connect to, and search up for materials in the kitchen. Every time I cut a vegetable, it is like I am cutting off my problems. All of this not only brings me great joy, but it leads me to discover something I am good at, which I might have never tried otherwise.
Cooking can work as a treatment, which has received some scientific explanations. Mental health experts have talked about the benefits cooking and baking provides for people struggling with poor mental health. Through cooking, these people can get back control of their lives. They can bring back the feeling of joy and excitement that has been long gone from their daily lives. Julia Ohana, an active expert in culinary therapy, talked about the significance cooking holds in terms of time control, communication, and problem-solving ability. She believes all these skills combined help people become less depressed and more satisfied.
The excitement when you work on a recipe is unexplainable. You look forward to what you are going to create from your own hands. You have the power to make something great, only depending on the direction you take and your cooking skills.
40. What might be the result if we are caught in unnecessary worries?
__________________________________________________________
41. According to the experts, what benefits will cooking bring to people with poor mental health?
__________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The author chooses to cook when he feels sad because he wants to comfort himself with a good meal and the cooking process also brings him happiness.
__________________________________________________________
43. Please briefly present some other ways to get rid of unnecessary worries. (In about 40 words)
__________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Causing anxiety and making us weak.
41. Bring back the feeling of joy and excitement.
42. The author chooses to cook when he feels sad because he wants to comfort himself with a good meal and the cooking process also brings him happiness.
43. First, I often take exercises to remove the unnecessary worries. For example, practicing yoga is a good way for me to get rid of my stress and worries and find some inner peace. The other way for me to relax is to listen to the music. Music makes me feel easy and comfortable.

【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述烹饪和烘焙可以消除生活中不必要的烦恼。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Is it the future worrying me? Did I hurt someone by mistake? Am I expecting too much from life? We are often stuck in these unnecessary thoughts, causing anxiety and making us weak. (我担心的是未来吗?我是不是误伤了人?我是否对生活期望过高?我们经常陷入这些不必要的想法，引起焦虑，使我们软弱)”可知，如果我们陷入不必要的担忧，就会引起焦虑并且使我们软弱，故答案为Causing anxiety and making us weak.。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Cooking can work as a treatment, which has received some scientific explanations. Mental health experts have talked about the benefits cooking and baking provides for people struggling with poor mental health. Through cooking, these people can get back control of their lives. They can bring back the feeling of joy and excitement that has been long gone from their daily lives. ( 烹饪可以作为一种治疗方法，这已经得到了一些科学解释。心理健康专家谈到了烹饪和烘焙给心理健康状况不佳的人带来的好处。通过烹饪，这些人可以重新掌控自己的生活。他们可以找回从日常生活中消失已久的快乐和兴奋的感觉) ” 根据专家的说法，烹饪会给心理健康状况不佳的人带来快乐和兴奋的感觉。故答案为Bring back the feeling of joy and excitement.。
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第二段“The escape from my sadness and depressed thought has been cooking for the past few months. I read through quick recipes, find the ones that I can connect to, and search up for materials in the kitchen. Every time I cut a vegetable, it is like I am cutting off my problems. All of this not only brings me great joy, but it leads me to discover something I am good at, which I might have never tried otherwise. (在过去的几个月里，我一直在逃避悲伤和沮丧的想法。我阅读快速食谱，找到我能联系到的，并在厨房里寻找材料。每次我切蔬菜的时候，就好像我在切掉我的问题。所有这一切不仅给我带来了巨大的快乐，而且还让我发现了我所擅长的，否则我可能从未尝试过的事情)”可知作者选择做饭，不是作者用一顿好饭来安慰自己，而是做饭给作者带来了快乐，发现了自己所擅长的，所以中间划线部分是错误的。故答案为The author chooses to cook when he feels sad because he wants to comfort himself with a good meal and the cooking process also brings him happiness.。
【43题详解】
本题可有多种答案，仅供参考。这是我经常用来消除烦恼的两种方法：First, I often take exercises to remove the unnecessary worries. For example, practicing yoga is a good way for me to get rid of my stress and worries and find some inner peace. The other way for me to relax is to listen to the music. Music makes me feel easy and comfortable.
第二节： 书面表达(20分)
44. 根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。
假设你是红星中学的高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim对于你校近期组织的线上体育课很感兴趣，请你根据下面的信息给他回信, 介绍线上体育课相关情况，内容包括：
1. 线上体育课所需准备；2. 课堂活动内容；3. 个人收获与感受。
信的开头结尾以为你写好，不计入总词数。
Online PE Class
Preparations
a pair of comfortable shoes
Class activities
do some warm-ups watch videos on how to do sports practice doing different sports
Benefits and your feelings
…….
Dear Jim,
I’ve heard you are interested in our online PE class. Now I’d like to introduce it to you.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all for our online PE class. If you want to know more, contact me!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’ve heard you are interested in our online PE class. Now I’d like to introduce it to you.
First of all, we need to prepare a pair of comfortable shoes for online PE class. PE teachers demonstrate movements and techniques on videos and students do some warm-ups and other sports by watching videos on how to do sports practice. Our online PE class is well received by all students because various sports courses are offered and we can do different sports of our own choice. Online PE class not only can encourage us to do physical exercise actively, but also can improve our health at home.
That’s all for our online PE class. If you want to know more, contact me!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学的高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim对于你校近期组织的线上体育课很感兴趣，请你根据下面的信息给他回信，介绍线上体育课相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：First of all→ Firstly
演示：demonstrate → show
各种各样的：various→ varieties of
提高：improve→ enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, we need to prepare a pair of comfortable shoes for online PE class.
拓展句：First of all, we need to prepare a pair of comfortable shoes for online PE class, which contributes to taking exercises.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our online PE class is well received by all students because various sports courses are offered and we can do different sports of our own choice.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2 】Online PE class not only can encourage us to do physical exercise actively, but also can improve our health at home.（运用了not only…but also…句型）