【暑假提升】外研版2019英语高一（升高二）暑假选修1-第09讲 Unit3 词汇和阅读理解 讲学案

第09讲 Unit 3 Faster， higher， stronger

1. 提前预习新外研版选择必修一Unit3的词汇和阅读
2. 掌握高二阅读长难句分析方法和阅读（说明文）解题方法

一．重点词汇学习

1.shiny adj.             

2.bounce v.              

3.muddy adj              

4.teammate n.              

5.sharpen v.              

6.footstep n.              

7. expectation             

8.philosophy  n.              

9.cheat v.              

10.self-belief             

11.yoga n.             

12.remarkable             

13. net              

14. burst v.             

15.assignment n.              

16 vivid  adj.              

17.opponent             

18.surgery n.              

19.defeat              

20.semi-final              

21.steely             

22. nerve n.              

23.seize vt.              

24.cooperation n.              

25.teamwork n.              

26.ingredient n.              

27. tournament             

28.graduate n. & v.              

29.conclude v.               

30.intense adj.              

31.memorize vt.              

32.comeback n.              

重点词汇答案见教材词汇表

二．重点短语

1．____________ 与……大不相同

2．____________  倒塌，向下垮

3．____________  仿效某人；继承某人(尤指家人)的事业

4．____________  继续

5．____________ 连续地

6．____________ 着手做某事

7．____________ 最终做某事

8．____________   四处，四面八方

9．____________  与……分离(分开)；脱落

10．____________ 穿上

11．____________ pay off 取得成功

12．____________ 突然出现在……(指突然成功)

13．____________ 促成，有助于

14．____________ 兴奋，狂热

考点1：sharpen v．使提高，使改进；使变锋利

要点归纳

(1)sharp adj.  敏锐的；锋利的；(变化)急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的

adv.  (指时刻)整；向左/右急转

be sharp with sb  对某人严厉

(2)sharply adv.  急剧地；严厉地；鲜明地，明显地

例1．【单句填空】

(1)He was very sharp ____________ me when I was late.

(2)I hope this course will help me ____________ (sharp) my computer skill.

(3)Their experiences contrast ____________ (sharp) with those of other children.

补全句子

(4)The lecture starts ____________ .Late comers will not be admitted.

讲座6点整开始。迟到者不得入内。

考点2：expectation n．预料，预期

要点归纳

(1)beyond one's expectations  超出某人的预期

in (the) expectation of  预料；期望；指望

in the expectation that...  预计/期望……

live/come up to one's expectations  不负某人所望；达到某人期望

(2)expect v.  预料；期待；期望；认为

expect (sb) to do sth  期待(某人)做某事

be expected to do sth  预计做某事；被期待做某事

例2．【单句填空】

(1)He expects that his parents give him lots of love instead of high ____________ ; otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.(expect)

(2)The amazing scenery of the Summer Palace is ____________  expectation.

(3)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high­pressure than I ____________ (expect)．

(4)Don't expect the little child ____________ (finish) all this work in so little time.

写作链接　补全句子

(5)Determined to ____________ , I have to go all out.

我决心不辜负父母的期望，我必须全力以赴。

考点3：burst v．(burst，burst)突然出现；爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发

要点归纳

(1)  突然哭起来/笑起来

burst in/into  闯入，突然破门而入

burst with anger  勃然大怒

burst onto  突然出现在……(指突然成功)

(2)a burst of  一阵；突然爆发

语法要领

(1)burst in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；

(2)burst into中的into是介词，后面应接宾语。

例3【单句填空】

单句语法填空/写出下面句中黑体部分的含义

(1)I was teaching foreigners to learn Beijing Opera when a group of pupils burst____________ .

(2)He burst ____________ the room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.

(3)He burst ____________ the fashion scene in the early 1980s.

(4)(2020·浙江卷)By 9：33 am, a burst of additional traffic might push signal cycle to 145 seconds.____________

词汇/句式升级

(5)When she saw her classmates burst out laughing because of her foolish mistakes, she burst into tears.

→Seeing her classmates burst into laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she ____________ (现在分词作状语)

考点4：pay off 取得成功；得到好结果；偿清

要点归纳

pay for sth  付某物的钱；为某物付出代价

pay back  偿还(欠款)；报复；回报

pay a visit to  参观；拜访

pay attention to  注意；留心

例4【单句填空】

单句语法填空

(1)The watch was very good, and he paid 20 per cent down____________  it.

(2)That I can pay ____________  the help people gave me makes me happy.

(3)We heard noises coming from upstairs, but we didn't pay much attention ___________ them.

补全句子

(4)As a proverb goes, where there is a will, there is a way.Our efforts ____________  in time.

俗话说，有志者事竟成。我们的努力终有回报。

考点5：a far cry from与……大不相同

要点归纳

as far as  据……，就……

by far  (修饰比较级或最高级)……得多；最……

so far  到目前为止，迄今

far from  远离；远非；完全不

例5【单句填空】

(1)Living in the heart of New York City is certainly a far cry ____________ living in the rural countryside.

(2)Watching sport was ____________ far the most popular activity on Saturday afternoons.

(3)We shouldn't have spent so much money visiting here; the scenery is far________beautiful.

补全句子

(4)____________ , the meeting won't be held tomorrow.

据我所知，明天不举行会议。

考点6：　give way 倒塌，向下垮

要点归纳

give way to  被……取代；向……让步

give out  放出，发出(光、热、声音等)；分发；公布；用完，耗尽

give away  赠送，捐赠；泄露(秘密)；颁发

give up  放弃；戒除

give in  屈服；投降

give off  放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)

例6【单句填空】

(1)(2021·浙江卷)He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.

(2)(2019·浙江卷)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth that gives off light in the dark.

(3)The headmaster gave away the prizes to the winners at the sports meeting.

补全句子

(4)At first he said nothing, and then ____________

起先他什么也没说，后来他的沉默渐渐转为愤怒。

考点7：carry on继续；坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)

要点归纳

carry on   继续做某事

carry out  实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)

例7【单句填空】

(1)You'll have an accident if you carry on ____________ (drive) like that.

(2)First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry____________ your plan step by step.

词汇升级

(3)If you continue working like that, you will break down sooner or later.

→If you ____________  working like that, you will break down sooner or later.

（一）用所给词的适当形式填空

1．A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help ____________ (sharp) your year ahead.

2．In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable ____________ (expect) of survival.

3．You see, a bit of respect and ____________ (cooperate) can do the job better.

4．The exhibition was organised by the school in ____________ (associate) with local artists.

5．The novel____________ (vivid) described the life of young people in the frontier region.

（二）固定用法和搭配

1．Mr Gump always said that in the long life one will have had many ups ___________ downs.

2．Never lose heart, fellows, but I am sure you will have the chance to start ___________ zero.

3．We are called on to carry ____________  war against poverty, illiteracy, and disease.

4．It's a beautiful painting, but it's a far cry____________ great art.

5．In human life, happiness and misfortunes are often ____________  our expectations, and an unexpected blow may even drive one up the wall.

（三）阅读理解：长难句分析

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

Overheating is a serious issue for birds flying long distances，and paler feathers that reflect more of the sun's heat may be one of the ways they cope．

 The latest study of nearly all of the 10000 or so bird species has found that the farther birds migrate（迁徙），the paler their feathers tend to be．This is probably because it helps birds flying in sunlight to keep cool，says Kaspar Delhey at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Seewiesen，Germany．“Feather colour is extremely diverse and many factors can drive the evolution of colours，of which migration is only one．”

 Several recent studies suggest that overheating is more of a problem for birds flying long distances than previously thought．For instance，sensors have shown that the body heat of migrating eider ducks can rise so high that they have to stop flying．

 Another study found that so me migrating birds fly much higher during the day than they do at night，despite having to spend more energy staying high in thinner air．This suggests that the heat of the sun makes them much more likely to overheat，and made Delhey and his colleagues wonder whether migrating birds have lighter feathers to help them cope．

 The researchers used photos from the Handbook of the Birds of the World to rate the lightness of birds' feathers from 0 to 100，treating males and females as separate species because colour is so often different between the sexes．They found that short-distance migrants were significantly lighter than birds that didn't migrate，and long-distance migrants were significantly lighter than short-distance migrants，even without taking into account factors such as body size or the environmental conditions where birds live．

 One possible result of the phenomenon is that migrating birds are going to find it even harder to stay cool as the planet heats up．Rising temperatures may force darker species to fly only during the night while migrating，says Dellhey，or to fly even higher during the day．These responses will probably involve costs，which may reduce individual survival，with potential negative consequences at the population level，he says．

28．What is a problem for birds flying long distances？

 A．Their feathers drop off ． B．They get lost due to the sun．

 C．Their bodies become too hot． D．They fly farther to spend the winter．

29．What has the latest study found？

 A．Migrating birds usually fly at night to avoid strong sunlight．

 B．Birds have to stop flying often when migrating to have a rest．

 C．The longer distance the birds migrate，the lighter their feathers become．

 D．The feather colour of birds is extremely diverse and many factors can drive it．

30．Why do some birds fly higher during the day？

 A．To save energy． B．To cool themselves．

 C．To breathe fresh air． D．To escape from enemies．

31．What is a potential cost that dark birds pay to fly higher or only at night？

 A．They may decline in population． B．They may have smaller bodies．

 C．They may fail to migrate． D．They may take longer to migrate．

(2)

18-year-old Alison Sanger is an amazing student. Maybe too amazing— the book opens with Alison lying to her mother about having food poisoning so she can take a test on Shakespeare. More than getting good grades, her true motivation is to beat her opponent, Ethan Molloy.

Ethan has gone toe-to-toe with Alison on everything throughout school. They’re both honors students. They are co-vice presidents of the senior class. They both hope to get into Harvard. The fact that Ethan and Alison seem to always do everything at the same time turned into a competition a long time ago. Whoever does worse on an exam must do an unpleasant task of the winner’s choosing. If someone misses the exam, they forfeit.

This unfriendly competition is so famous that everyone at Fairview knows about it, students and staff. They’re even more annoyed by it than Alison. The principal takes matters in hand by asking the two to co-plan a previous class’s ten-year reunion after someone else dropped the ball. As you might imagine, tensions arise and passion is aroused. In a certain way, What’s Not to Love is a little like The Hunger Games. Like Katniss with Peeta, Alison is constantly evaluating her own emotions against Ethan’s supposed strategy.

While reading this book, I was forced to wonder exactly how healthy this relationship was. I assumed everyone’s intentions in the book were honorable—the authors themselves turned out all right in the end, and I’m incredibly glad for that. Wibbroka fans will not be disappointed—What’s Not to Love is story of soulmates and passion; its short chapters and tight pacing carry the reader along all the way to the satisfying conclusion. Despite its faults—which the text itself calls to attention—fans of enemies-to-lovers stories like How to Lose a Guy in Ten Days will feel right at home here.

18. Why does Alison lie to her mother?

A. To treat her food poisoning.

B. To prove that she’s also amazing.

C. To be able to be tested on schedule.

D. To please her friend with good grades.

19. What does “forfeit” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Compete. B. Withdraw.

C. Cooperate. D. Succeed.

20. How does the principal’s attempt to help the two girls end?

A. They prove their abilities separately.

B. They get the final result of their competition.

C. They set up a better relationship between them.

D. They use it as another chance to continue the competition.

21. What does the author think of the book?

A. Worth reading. B. Useless.

C. Unreasonable. D. Perfect.

一．  默写下列核心词汇对应的词性转换。

1．association n．协会，社团→____________  v．联想，联系→____________ adj.关联的

2．shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→____________ v．发出光；照射

3．muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→____________ n．泥

4．sharpen v．使提高，使改进；使变锋利→____________ adj.敏锐的；锋利的；(变化)急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的　adv.(指时刻)整；向左/右急转→____________ n．铅笔刀；磨具

5．expectation n．预料，预期→____________ v．预料；期待；期望；认为

6．remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的→____________ v．& n．评论

7．vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→____________ adv.生动地，逼真地

8．assign v．分配，分派→____________  n．任务；职责

9．cooperation n．合作，协作→____________  v．合作→____________  adj.合作的

10．intense adj.紧张的，激烈的→____________ adv.强烈地；剧烈地

二． 课文语法填空

短文中的黑体部分为本单元知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分的用法。

The young player Tom   1  (defeat) by his opponent in the tournament several months ago. He didn't lose heart, but carried on training hard.He was so steely that he seized each minute   2  (sharpen) his skills.  3  (unfortunate), he had his left leg injured while training one day.He was sent to hospital at once, where he   4  (receive) a surgery.After a short time, he left the hospital and carried on training.He always finished the training task   5  (assign) to him ahead of time.While his teammates were watching him training, they found   6   hard to associate him with an injured person.He had been training hard, for his philosophy was to take every opportunity to get better.In the end, his hard work and his endurance paid off.He performed very well in some intense matches and made several remarkable achievements in a row,   7   was really beyond our expectations.He is so honest and never cheats in the matches.He is so gentle that he always gets on well   8   his teammates.In addition, he is good at   9  (express) himself and he often can give a vivid   10  (describe) of what he has seen in his daily life. In a word, he is a lovely guy.