2023杭州高二下学期期末英语试题含解析

2022学年第二学期杭州市高二年级教学质量检测

英语试题卷

本试卷分选择题部分和非选择题部分。选择题部分1至10页，非选择题部分10页至12页满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

考生须知：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上

第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What are the speakers doing?

A. Having a picnic.        B. Making some bread.        C. Shopping for some fruits.

2. When did the train leave yesterday?

A. At 3: 10 p. m.        B. At 3: 40 p. m.        C. At 4: 00 p. m.

3. Why does the man make lunch himself this winter?

A. To keep fit.        B. To save money.        C. To improve his cooking skills.

4. Where probably are the speakers?

A In a cinema.        B. At a subway station.        C. On a train.

5. What are the speakers going to do?

A. Watch a game.        B. Break a record.        C. Have sports training.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the weather like?

A. Windy.        B. Sunny.        C. Rainy.

7. What will the man do next?

A. Take the woman’s order.

B. Recommend some specials to the woman.

C. Fetch some water for the woman.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What was the woman’s greatest regret?

A. Becoming a tour guide.        B. Dropping out of college.        C. Changing her major.

9. What job is she most likely to do in the future?

A. A psychologist.        B. A tour guide.        C. An accountant.

10. Why wasn’t the woman interested in learning accountancy?

A. Because she attached great importance to mental health.

B. Because she got a job offer as a tour guide.

C. Because she was really tired of learning math.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What will the man do tomorrow evening?

A. Attend a party.        B. Go to the dry cleaner’s.        C. Have a drink at a bar.

12. Which shirt will the man wear tomorrow?

A. The blue one.        B. The black one.        C. The gray one.

13. How much will the man pay in total?

A. $24.        B. $21.        C. $18.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. What problem does the man have?

A. He has difficulty in getting a job.

B. He is at a loss for a job interview.

C. He cannot afford a fancy suit.

15. Why is the man advised to read the job description?

A. Because he can create a great first impression.

B. Because he can get some clues from it.

C. Because he often takes no notice of it.

16. What is the woman going to do next?

A. Conduct an interview.        B. Buy a coffee.        C. Have a meeting.

17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Aunt and nephew.        B. Manager and secretary.        C. Interviewer and interviewee.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What is the purpose of the talk?

A. To do a sales promotion.

B. To recommend places to visit.

C. To introduce British history.

19. Which is the best destination if you have a need for both shopping and food?

A. Covent Garden.        B. Oxford Street.        C. Hyde Park.

20. What probably is GetYourGuide?

A. A bus company.        B. A travel app.        C. A ticket office.

第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry. Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days. To see how the technology can change the world around us, here are some projects that highlight bold ideas in 3D print building.

Instant Neighborhood

Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. American non-profit New Story and tech company ICON built each concrete house from start to completion in 24 hours. New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for people without homes around the world.

Nested Housing

Shamballa is the idea of Italian 3D print construction company WASP. This project uses soil and straw to build a home in days that cost only 48 Euros in materials and energy. Its round designs are based on the wasp (黄蜂) nest. Each home features a laboratory with a desktop 3D printer for making furniture, artistic objects and more.

Think Schools

African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D print technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week.

Concrete Steps

Researchers at the Swiss University ETH Zurich used concrete 3D printing to build the 16 metre long curved Striatus footbridge in a couple of days. The project used 500 layers of concrete and 53 hollow blocks, held in place by compression (压缩). This reduces materials by up to 70 per cent, and the entire bridge can be pulled down and recycled.

1. What could be the inspiration behind the design of Nested Housing?

A. A featured laboratory. B. A forward-thinking school.

C. A round wasp nest. D. A long stone bridge.

2. Which 3D construction project can be torn down and reused?

A. Instant Neighborhood. B. Concrete Steps.

C. Think School. D. Nested Housing.

3 What do these four 3D building projects have in common?

A. They use local materials. B. They make construction faster.

C. They are affordable to the homeless. D. They are high in cost.

B

When a woman struck up a conversation with an Ontario homeless man, she didn’t imagine it would change his life forever.

After it became clear that Brian Bannister was a kind soul who had simply fallen on hard times, Danielle MacDuff offered him a job on her farm.

Bannister was living in a shelter after a terribly challenging life that involved child abuse, overcoming addiction, and the death of his first wife, followed by the death of his second. He said he had given up, but MacDuff’s offer cheered up the man and brought the farm a pair of hands that are diligent at work and gentle with MacDuff’s children and her animals. “It astonished me. It just came from the heart with her and I’ve got to thank her every day,” Bannister told CTV News Toronto with tears in his eyes, who added he used to do farm work about 40 years ago.

Every day he gets a ride to the farm where he helps MacDuf’s family care for 200 animals including goats, cows, and horses. The friendship that grew over time between the two led MacDuff to set up a GoFundMe to help Brian get back on his feet, which raised nearly CAD $10, 000 and was able to help him get his first shave and a haircut in two years as well as a new phone. MacDuff also helped organize some provincial financial support for Bannister.

MacDuff said, “If we could get everyone off the street ideally that would be my one wish, but it takes a lot of people to come together and that is what has happened for Brian. I think that’s why we’ve come so far in such a short time.”

4. What suffering did Bannister go through before he met MacDuff?

A. Broken marriage. B. Painful childhood.

C. life-threatening illness. D. Unpaid farmwork.

5. How did Macduff help Bannister at first?

A. She offered him accommodation. B. She donated money to him.

C. She gave him a job on her farm. D. She helped him start a family.

6. Why was the GoFundMe launched?

A. To provide Bannister financial support. B. To collect for his medical treatments.

C. To make the best of the provincial policy. D. To raise money for a cell phone.

7. What can be learned from the last paragraph?

A. A man can be defeated but can’t be destroyed. B. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.

C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Many hands make light work.

C

A Kenyan citizen has been selected as one of the winners of an international award for pioneering grass-roots efforts to protect iconic (标志性的) wildlife species at the Amboseli National Park, which borders Tanzania. Daniel Leturesh, a grass-roots wildlife conservationist (环保主义者), won the award from the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) thanks to his three decades of protecting the natural habitats of iconic species like elephants and rhinoceros.

Leturesh has actively engaged communities to preserve wildlife habitats over the past three decades. “Conservation is hard work, there are many challenges I have faced to win space for animals. Even now we are in a period of drought but I am happy we have managed to get 40 percent of public land for wildlife in the Amboseli region,” Leturesh said in a statement released by IFAW in Nairobi, the Kenyan capital.

According to IFAW, Leturesh has been engaging local communities to preserve their lands and allow the free movement of wildlife in the Amboseli ecosystem. In addition, Leturesh has secured 26, 000 acres for wildlife habitation by persuading 2,600 landowners to rent out their land through international and local conservation groups. Thanks to his continuing efforts, there has not been harmful development of wildlife spreading habitats within the Amboseli ecosystem, said IFAW. Other achievements include the establishment of Kitenden Conservancy which connects Amboseli and West Kilimanjaro wildlife shelters, added IFAW. He represented a local community that signed an agreement that will see landowners benefit from annual rent and ecotourism income, according to IFAW.

James Sawyer, the UK director for IFAW, said that Leturesh’s devotion to preserving his native lands for wildlife paved the way for iconic species to boom under threats like habitat loss and climate change. Sawyer added that Leturesh’s wildlife conservation model will help stop the decrease of iconic species that are key to sustaining(维持) rural livelihoods through tourism.

8. What is the text?

A. A news report. B. A diary entry. C. A biography. D. A science article.

9. What have Leturesh’s efforts brought to the local communities?

A. The National Park has attracted more visitors.

B. The population of the local wildlife is booming.

C. The local wildlife living habitats have been well protected.

D. The lands have been kept undisturbed.

10. Which of the following words best describe Leturesh?

A. Devoted and ambitious. B. Tough and cautious.

C. Cooperative and easy-going. D. Honest and determined.

11. What is a suitable title for the text?

A. Amboseli Succeeds in Preserving Iconic Wildlife Species

B. Local Communities Make Great Contributions to Wildlife Protection

C. Leturesh’s Model Sets a Good Example for Villagers

D. Kenyan Conservationist Wins Award for Wildlife Protection

D

Scientists of the University of Antwerp and University of Liege have found how the human brain changes and adapts to weightlessness, after being in space for 6 months.

A child who learns not to drop a glass on the floor is an example of how the brain follows the physical laws of gravity to best function on Earth. Astronauts who go to space station live in a weightless environment, where the brain’s rules about gravity are no longer applicable. A new study on brain function in astronauts has found how the brain’s organization is changed after a six-month mission to the International Space Station(ISS).

The University of Antwerp has been leading this BRAIN-DTI scientific project through the European Space Agency. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)(磁共振成像)data were taken from 14 astronauts’ brains before and several times after their mission to space. Using a special MRI technique, the researchers collected the astronauts’ brain data in a resting condition.

In cooperation with the University of Liege, recent analyses of the brain’s activity at rest found how functional connectivity, a marker of how activity in some brain areas is connected with the activity in others, changes in specific regions. “We found that connectivity was altered after spaceflight in regions which support the combination of different types of information, rather than dealing with only one type each time,” say Steven Jillings and Floris Wuyts. “Moreover, we found that some of these changed communication patterns remained throughout 8 months of being back on Earth. At the same time, some brain changes returned to the level of how the areas were functioning before the space mission.”

The researchers are excited with the results, though they know it is only the first step in pursuing our understanding of brain communication changes after space travel. For example, we need to understand whether longer time spent in outer space might influence these observations, and whether brain characteristics may be helpful in selecting future astronauts or monitoring them during and after space travel.

12. How does the author explain the changes in the human brain?

A. By collecting the data. B. By doing a survey.

C. By introducing a new concept. D. By giving an example.

13. What does the underlined word “altered” in paragraph 4 mean?

A. Strengthened. B. Shortened. C. Changed D. Established.

14. What is the researchers’ attitude towards their future study?

A. Doubtful. B. Uncertain. C. Worried. D. Hopeful.

15. What’s the text mainly about?

A. The adaptation of the brain is a must for space travel.

B. Space travel influences the way the brain works.

C. The changes of the brain may affect space travel.

D. Space travel improves the function of the brain permanently.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Living a joyful life does not mean denying painful emotions. Instead, it means cultivating a mindset(心态) that prefers an optimistic view of the world. At the same time, it means developing healthy ways to deal with difficult emotions. Here are five reasons why joy is a powerful life choice.

Joy Improves Physical Health. In recent years, science continues to prove the link between emotional well being and physical health. According to a study in BMC Cancer, researchers found that happiness and optimism may protect against breast cancer. ___16___

Joyful People are More Productive. ___17___ Research by Harvard Business Review found that people who work with a positive mindset may improve work performance on nearly every level including productivity, creativity, and commitment.

 ___18___ . If you want to improve the relationships in your life, become a happier person. Positive psychology experts say that cultivating happiness through daily habits builds healthier relationships. When you have a positive outlook, you tend to approach the people in your life from a place of gratitude and love. This helps the other feel more valued.

Joy Boosts Creativity. Perhaps the typical miserable image of artists has led some to feel that misery may inspire art, yet this is not the recipe for creativity. ___19___ . According to Scientific American, happy people are open to all sorts of ideas, and people are most creative when they are in a good mood.

Joy Creates More Joy! ___20___ Well, it is also true with joy. When you surround yourself with positive people, you experience more happiness in your own life. By spending more time with happy people, you may feel happier, which inspires even more joy in those you meet!

A. Joy strengthens relationships.

B. Joy determines the quality of life.

C. The same goes for heart disease.

D. You have probably heard the phrase “misery loves company.”

E. Making joy a priority can pay off when it comes to your career.

F. Clinic practices show that cancer patients can be cured.

G. If you really want to inspire your creative side, you should inspire joy.

第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

The Nigerian girls ran a great race in the women’s 4 x 100m relay final at the Barcelona Olympics of 1992. They came from 5th position in the last 50 meters of the race to a(n) ___21___ position at the finish line. Mary Onyali ___22___ and crossed the line alongside a French competitor. Everyone in the stadium that day had ___23___ that the French girl had won, except the Nigerian girls.

The ___24___ of the race was re-run on the screen. The first two places for Gold and Silver were not ___25___ , but the third place was not clear. Both girls had crossed the line at about the same time. The last meter was replayed in ___26___ motion. Frame (帧) by frame, the pictures moved and were ___27___ at the very end to reveal less than a hair’s breadth of a gap between Mary Onyali and the French athlete.

The Nigerian girls saw this and ___28___ what had just happened. They had just become the first female medalists in Nigeria’s Olympic history! There was a(n) ___29___ inside the Barcelona Stadium. The stands burst into thunderous applause, cheers ___30___ the girls as they raced around the stadium for their earned ___31___ lap (圈). Anyone watching the celebrations would ___32___ have thought they were not the winner in that race, and that they were in third-place.

Those pictures of the celebration by the Nigerian girls have become one of the most ___33___ in Olympic history, demonstrating in living color the spirit of the Olympics and of sport, that winning is ___34___ only coming “first” in an event. This is a fundamental ___35___ , not just in sports, but in all of life.

21. A. improper B. hopeless C. unclear D. difficult

22. A. caught up B. fell over C. turned around D. set up

23. A. learned B. assumed C. celebrated D. clarified

24. A. lead B. team C. time D. end

25. A. subjective B. controversial C. certain D. important

26. A. steady B. rapid C. slight D. slow

27. A. frozen B. skipped C. removed D. taken

28. A. wondered B. decided C. realized D. implied

29. A. discussion B. explosion C. whisper D. echo

30. A. welcoming B. thanking C. inviting D. introducing

31. A. favourite B. fast C. opening D. victory

32. A. often B. ever C. never D. also

33. A. typical B. common C. ordinary D. innovative

34. A. against B. beyond C. through D. about

35 A. study B. rule C. gift D. lesson

第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TikTok on Thursday began letting users post videos up to three minutes in length to stay ahead of competitors. TikTok ___36___ (believe) to have one billion users worldwide including more than 100 million in the United States, and is ___37___ (especial) popular with young smartphone users.

“ ___38___ longer videos creators will be able to create new or expanded types of content on TikTok, with the flexibility of a bit more space,” product manager Drew Kirchhoff said in a post.

TikTok, ___39___ is owned by China-based ByteDance, remains one of the world’s most popular social media apps ___40___ faces competitors such as YouTube and others. Facebook-owned Instagram will be experimenting with video features ___41___ (ride) the hot trend, chief Adam Mosseri said in a Twitter post. Video sharing and viewing is driving a lot of ___42___ (grow) at online platforms, and Instagram needs to “lean into” it more, according to Mosseri. “We are no longer ___43___ photo-sharing app,” Mosseri said in a video ___44___ (share) at Twitter. “There is some serious competition now. TikTok is huge; YouTube is even ____45____ (big), and there are lots of other upstarts as well.”

第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46. 你是某国际学校学生会主席，学校将在下周四举办世界粮食日(World Food Day)庆祝活动，请你写一篇英文发言稿，介绍相关情况并倡议师生积极参加，内容包括：

1. 活动目的；

2. 活动内容；

3. 提出倡议。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear teachers and my fellows,

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节(满分25分)

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Today was the finals of the Dance Competition. Our team of five had me as the lead dancer; then there was Grace, my best friend and Eric, a dance lover who is a master in perfecting our choreography (编舞); and two talented twins, with such flexibility and grace on the stage that one cannot take their eyes off them.

We had found a perfect coach for our team. Jackie, a cousin of Eric’s, worked in a dance school. She was a bit hesitant at first, but quickly agreed when she saw the progress we had made so far.

In the dressing rooms, there were so many other competitors preparing for their performance, rushing here and there.

Grace and I had changed into our costumes and were putting on our shoes when Eric murmured, “Who are they?”

We turned to follow his stare, among many people, four beautiful girls along with a lean boy had just walked in.

“They’re first-rate!” cried Grace, “more like fashion models.”

They sure were. A look at the list of competitors told me they were from “Tweekverse”, the most famous dance school in the whole country.

Jackie came up behind us, “Guys, it’s time, come on. Let’s go!”

“Oooh, do you get the vibe (氛围)?” Grace was excited. I could understand her, I didn’t feel any less thrilled.

When we entered the concert hall, my jaw literally just dropped. It was massive. There were so many people. The four judges, who were seated at a large panel, did look very serious.

The competition started. The first performances were brilliant. One team had the neon (霓虹) theme, in which they wore shine-in-the-dark costumes and the whole place was dark. I was attracted to their impressive display. Obviously, everybody was. The judges’ cards displayed the scores. They were marking out of ten.

The next performances were even better, but for us, they became more competitive. The group from Tweekverse was the best. Their costumes, charming faces and fascinating performance impressed everyone.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

It was our turn next.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I could hardly believe my eyes when I saw the final score — 9. 5 on the screen.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________