河南省许平汝名校2023届高三下学期考前定位三模英语试卷（含答案）

河南省许平汝名校2023届高三下学期考前定位三模英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Below are several most convenient resorts(胜地）to enjoy a day of skiing in the Alps.

St. Anton am Arlberg, Austria

Having about 350 kilometers of pistes(雪道),it is the largest skiing area in Austria and the 5th largest in the world. Skiers of every level will find their perfect ride here, but it's the advanced level that will benefit most. Some snowboarders, however, might struggle on flat connections between the bigger skiing areas.

Davos, Switzerland

Davos is where the Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum takes place. Every year in late January world leaders will come to this small village. Besides that, Davos is the biggest skiing resort in Switzerland with its 300 + kilometers of pistes. Davos is very high in the mountains, so good conditions are almost always guaranteed. And the pistes are very wide and well-maintained, so skiing here is pure joy.

Kitzbühel, Austria

Kitzbühel is frequently ranked as Austria's best ski resort. And for a good reason-it has it all and, most importantly, in good balance.

Great conditions. Well-prepared pistes. Many restaurants and bars creating a lively Après Ski atmosphere. All of it will make up for great time—be it a day trip or a week-long holiday.

Every January Kitzbühel hosts the FIS Alpine World Cup, which some consider to be the most spectacular skiing competition outside the Winter Olympics.

Chamonix-Mont Blanc, France

Being one of the oldest resorts in France, it has been a world-class destination for skiing since it hosted the first Winter Olympics in 1924.Throughout the year this village welcomes thousands of hikers, cyclists, mountaineers, rock climbers and, of course skiers. While it is beginner-friendly, it's a destination for experienced skiers and those seeking adventure. In particular, it's very famous for its off-piste options.

1、What do St. Anton am Arlberg and Kitzbühel have in common?
A.They are fit for a week-long holiday.
B.They are located in the same country.
C.They are used for the skiing competition.
D. They benefit the advanced skiers most.

2、What makes Chamonix-Mont Blanc special?
A. It wins fame with its long pistes. B. It is friendly to ski beginners.
C.It once held the Winter Olympics.  D.It is the oldest resort in France.

3、Which place can see world leaders every year?
A.Davos.  B. St. Anton am Arlberg.
C.Kitzbühel.  D. Chamonix-Mont Blanc.

Glancing at the email's sender, my heart raced. It starts off as you would expect: Thank you for your interest". It ends with "We are sorry to inform you" and my eyes misted over. I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. Only later would I see that instead, it provided an exciting new direction to follow.

I always wanted to be a scientist. I started off as a biology student but quickly felt unwelcome among the premeds(医学预科生).I tried out physics but felt increasingly anxious until, thanks to a suggestion from my mom, I ended up in geography and fell in love. When I found that summer research program, I thought I had found the perfect topic and a stepping stone to my dream academic career.

Then came that rejection email. Once again, I felt lost and hopeless. It seemed clear I'd never get to work in a lab or become a scientist.

So I was shocked when, not long after the rejection email, the professor running the research program invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn't seem as exciting as the original project I had applied for, but I felt I wasn't in a position to be picky.

Soon I found myself cooperating with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. In the end, I finished my paper and had a new scientific interest to pursue.

At first, I decided I would be selective about the options I pursued. But through this experience, I've realized that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don't sound exactly perfect, and make the most of them. And I've also learned to look at each rejection as a redirection instead.

4、What was the research program the author applied for about?
A. Biology. B.Geography. C. Medicine. D.Physics.

5、What greatly surprised the author?
A. A chance to invite a professor. B. The rejection email.
C. The professor's suggestion. D. The success in his career.

6、Which of the following can be used to describe the author?
A. Flexible. B.Skillful. C. Talented. D. Picky.

7、What can be the best title for the text?
A.How I managed to make a right choice.
B.How my professor offered help to me.
C.How I became a scientist working in a lab.
D. How I learned to turn rejection into redirection.

According to a study conducted by UK scientists, there is something known as "plant blindness". This leads to the common misconception that plants seem to be "less alive" as compared to animals.

Plant blindness was not proven to be what people were born with; rather, the severely reduced contact with nature in urbanized societies appeared to be the problem's root.According to the research,a decline in relevant prior(先前的) experience with plants causes the cycle of inattention.

Urban civilizations display well-documented plant blindness. Kids are found to frequently think of plants as less superior to animals, especially when they're young, and struggle to recognize a wide variety of species. Both teachers and students reported having different levels of plant knowledge, especially primary teachers without a science degree. Older people are more knowledgeable about plants because they are more likely to appreciate outdoor activities.

35 studies concluded that urbanization or modernization had a detrimental effect on plant knowledge. The usefulness of plant gathering was decreased by a greater dependency on urban services and a cash economy. The amount of time available to spend outdoors was reduced by work and school. These factors also decreased family time, which had a negative effect on verbally passing down plant knowledge to younger and older relatives.

Stagg said that instead of a cognitive(认知的)barrier to the visual perception of plants, people who live in highly industrialized countries have a lack of plant attention caused by a decline in relevant exposure to plants.

Stagg pointed out to break the cycle of plant awareness, people must be exposed to biodiverse environments and the key is to show that there are some direct advantages of plants to people as opposed to indirect advantages stemming from their use in industry or advantages to distant, traditional societies. Experiences with edible and practical plants in local environments can help with this. Younger generations' level of botanical knowledge is directly correlated with how useful they think this knowledge is to them.

8、What causes “plant blindness”?
A.The plants have little attraction. B. People lack contact with plants.
C. The plants have inactive characters. D. People live an unhealthy lifestyle.

9、Who are most likely to have “plant blindness"?
A. Teenagers interested in animals. B. Experts devoted to agriculture.
C. Students majoring in biology. D.Farmers working in the field.

10、What does the underlined word “detrimental" in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Encouraging. B. Harmful. C. Joyful. D.Temporary.

11、Which statement might Stagg agree with?
A.“Plant blindness” can be treated or reduced.
B.“Plant blindness” is bad for social development.
C."Plant blindness" is something people are born with.
D. "Plant blindness" happens most in less developed countries.

Perhaps the most challenging thing about earthquakes is the great uncertainty around where and when they are likely to strike, which makes taking action that may save lives challenging.

Earthquakes bring about redistribution of mass and this generates observable changes of the Earth's gravitational field, measurable using specialized instruments. High accuracy gravity measurements may provide a useful tool to help with managing the risk by identifying which faults(断层)are under stress and most likely to be active. By monitoring the progression of fault movements, it's possible to get a medium-term outlook on which areas are most likely to be affected when the next earthquake happens.

Current earthquake warning systems are based on networks which detect the early arrival“P”seismic(地震的)waves prior to the arrival of the more destructive waves, but are unable to respond before the ground movements have already started,greatly limiting how advanced the warning can be.

While a warning caused by a gravity signal might only give a few additional seconds, such a warning can provide extra time to allow the public to take preventative action.

However,making measurements of gravity with sufficient accuracy, long-term stability and data sampling rate to achieve these signals is of course challenging. Detection of small signals for early warning systems is greatly limited by the background seismic noise which affects the sensor readings. Obtaining measurements which are stable over long periods of time and consistent between different sensors is difficult too.

The Quantum Technology Hub for Sensors and Timing led by the University of Birmingham is developing sensors which meet these challenges by employing the quantum(量子)behaviour of cold atoms to measure gravity accurately.As well as the cold atom sensors being extremely sensitive to small changes in the gravitational field,the identical(完全相同的）nature of atoms makes them ideal test masses which give consistent results.

Furthermore, by measuring two separated atom clouds at the same time, common background seismic noise can be controlled, which helps to overcome the limitations of seismic noise and allows fast and accurate measurements.

12、What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?
A.How earthquakes are formed.
B. How people can better predict earthquakes.
C. What is used to monitor earthquakes.
D. What is the way to identify active faults.

13、What affects the accuracy of early warning systems?
A. The number of sensors. B. The temperature of atoms.
C. The background seismic noise. D. The strength of seismic waves.

14、What makes atoms perfect test masses?
A. They have the same nature. B. They are tiny.
C. They are sensitive to temperature. D. They can remove the seismic noise.

15、What is the purpose of the text?
A. To display the uncertainty of earthquakes.
B. To show the challenges in detecting earthquakes.
C. To discuss the accuracy of earthquake warning systems.
D. To introduce a technology to improve earthquake detection.

二、七选五

16、Sustainability(可持续性) is rarely as simple as a yes or no question. ①_______But sustainable fishing does exist. And by understanding the way that fisheries
operate, we can develop simple rules to guide our seafood purchases. Here are some useful tips.

②_______If you live near a coast and have access to a fish market where locally caught seafood is sold,buying there is a great way to support local, sustainability- minded fishermen. If you live further from a coast, try to keep your purchases domestic.

Look beyond the most popular fish. ③________So their populations are under stress. Fishermen also feel pressured to bring them to market. Then you can turn to plentiful but unfamiliar species. By asking the fish seller, you'll get exposed to a far wider variety and you are likely to find some new favorites along the way! If you can't talk to the fishermen, you can look up an unfamiliar species through Seafood Watch. While no perfect rating system exists, you can find a good indicator. ④______

Stay open to frozen or tinned. To many people, fresh fish out of the seafood counter might seem like the best option. ⑤______Many small fisheries make use of flash freezing to lock in the fish's freshness right out of the water, so whether you find these options online or in the store, you can be assured that they're of good quality.
A. Support local fisheries.
B. Buy fish at the fish market.
C. They don't like to eat salted fish.
D. And that's especially true with seafood.
E. Many of the most popular fish are in high demand.
F.Actually, when it comes to quality, other options can be just as good.
G.Through it you can find whether a fish was caught sustainably or not.

三、完形填空（20空）

My phone rang.It was my adviser calling to tell me a preprint(预印本)had just been posted that identified wrong data in a    1    we'd published. My heart sank as he said the article would be retracted(撤回). We couldn't    2    long-the plane soon took off. I spent the 16-hour flight processing a mix of    3    disbelief, embarrassment, frustration--and    4    what this would mean for my career.

After the plane landed, I found I received a flood of messages. Some were from supportive coworkers, but many    5    of our work. I felt embarrassed by the criticism.

By that point, I had    6    a position. Coworkers encouraged me to ignore    7    that seemed to be directed at me    8    . But it was hard. I struggled with self-esteem, started to    9    meetings and deleted my Twitter account to protect my    10    health.

When it became clear that a retraction was    11    , I offered my resignation to my department head. He didn't    12    it, saying a resignation wasn't needed, considering the    13    in the article were honest mistakes.

I decided to    14    , in hopes that I could eventually recover my    15    by publishing sound science and demonstrating I'd learned from my mistakes. But that has turned out to be a    16    path: I've had trouble getting my articles    17    and had problems securing funding for new projects.

Despite(尽管) these    18    , I don't regret our decision to    19    my paper. It may have been embarrassing, but it was the    20    thing to do. And the experience helped me grow as a scientist.

17、A. poem B. magazine C. novel D. paper

18、A. tolerate B. work C.talk  D.stay

19、A. doubts B. feelings C.choices D.faults

20、A. wondering B.explaining C. introducing  D. revising

21、A. thought B. tired C. dreamed D. disapproved

22、A. secured B. reserved C.missed D. refused

23、A. warnings B. risks C.comments D.suggestions

24、A. similarly B.personally C.suddenly D. respectively

25、A. delay B. attend C.chair D.escape

26、A.mental B.visual C.physical D. behavioral

27、A. impossible B. worthwhile C.typical D. unavoidable

28、A. prohibit B. accept C.admit  D. ignore

29、A. opinions B. headings C. errors D.highlights

30、A.carry on B. pull over C. settle in  D.break away

31、A. health B.fortune C. reputation D. power

32、A.fruitless B. tough C.controversial  D.crowded

33、A. adapted B. finished C. published D. polished

34、A. challenges B. mistakes C. predictions D. disagreements

35、A. advocate B.withdraw C.share  D. release

36、A. specific B. simple C.only D. right

四、语法填空

37、Beginning on March 21 and ending on April 4, Chunfen, or Spring Equinox, as the name①______(indicate), begins when the day and the night are of equal②______(long). During this period, the sun's position in the sky moves northwards, marking a ③________( gradual) longer day in the Northern Hemisphereand a longer night in the Southern Hemisphere. In the two weeks, Chinese traditionally like to head out to fly kites or play a game in which they try to balance an egg to make④_________stand up.

There are many⑤_______(attract) customs that have been passed down in different places across China over the centuries to celebrate this unique day. At first, it⑥_______(use) by ancient farmers to mark the beginning of the sowing season and farm work, at the same time welcoming the season of spring. As time passed, customs ⑦_______( surround) Chunfen produced various activities such as dragon dances and waist drum performances.

⑧_________the Spring Equinox right around the corner, crowds of people from around the country have been heading to Anren, a small county in Hunan Province, ⑨________( take) part in ceremonies to memorialize China's "Divine Farmer" Shennong and pray for a good harvest.

There are also some celebrations that are seen in most places around China, some of ⑩______have even made their way overseas.

五、短文改错

38、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Yesterday, we went to celebrate my grandfather's eighty birthday in a restaurant. When we sat down to eat, I noticed an old man standing outside. Dress in old clothes, he was hesitating, even if walking in would need great courage. It was obviously that he had no money with him. I can't concentrate on the dishes. So I turned to my grandfather, that was seated next to me. I pointed at the strangers outside, asking if we could invite him eat with us. To my great joy, realizing what was happening, and he agreed immediately. Then I walked out and invited the man in. We had a unforgettable birthday party.

六、书面表达

39、假定你是李华，你校计划成立3D打印俱乐部，请给你班的交换生James写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.俱乐部介绍。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear James,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,
Li Hua

参考答案

1、答案：B

解析：

2、答案：C

解析：

3、答案：A

解析：

4、答案：B

解析：

5、答案：C

解析：

6、答案：A

解析：

7、答案：D

解析：

8、答案：B

解析：

9、答案：A

解析：

10、答案：B

解析：

11、答案：A

解析：

12、答案：B

解析：

13、答案：C

解析：

14、答案：A

解析：

15、答案：D

解析：

16、答案：①D；②A；③E；④G；⑤F

解析：

17、答案：D

解析：

18、答案：C

解析：

19、答案：B

解析：

20、答案：A

解析：

21、答案：D

解析：

22、答案：A

解析：

23、答案：C

解析：

24、答案：B

解析：

25、答案：D

解析：

26、答案：A

解析：

27、答案：D

解析：

28、答案：B

解析：

29、答案：C

解析：

30、答案：A

解析：

31、答案：C

解析：

32、答案：B

解析：

33、答案：C

解析：

34、答案：A

解析：

35、答案：B

解析：

36、答案：D

解析：

37、答案：①indicates；②length；③gralually；④it；⑤altractive；⑥was nsed；⑦surrounding；⑧With；⑨to take；⑩which

解析：

38、答案：

39、答案：One possible version:
Dear James.

Our school is planning to start a 3D printing club. Knowing that you are interested in 3D printing technology, I'm writing to invite you to join the club.

The club is expected to be composed of 15 students and a teacher. Club members are to gather every Friday afternoon to learn some basic knowledge of 3D printing, design their own products and even print their products. I think it must be very interesting and rewarding. After all, it is a new technology and will be of great importance in the future. So I strongly advise you to join the club.
Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours.
Li Hua