2023届四川省雅安市高三上学期零诊考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2023届四川省雅安市高三上学期零诊考试英语试题含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届四川省雅安市高三上学期零诊考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Here are some new books you may be interested in.
The Dream of Life by Philip Walker tells the unique and magical story of a girl and her mother living in a small room with no windows. The space between the walls of the room was actually all the girl knew because she had been born there. It’ll shock you, grieve you, and finally make you happy when you finish it. Attracted from the start, all kinds of readers don’t want to put it down.
◆Published in October 2022
◆Publisher: University College of London Press
The Dream of the Celt by Mario Vargas Llosa is the first novel that will take readers through the major events of the 20th century through three families. Much of its action is centered on World War II. Although it’s more than 700 pages long and has many characters, the stories are very closely connected.
◆Published in August 2022
◆Publisher: Imperial College London Press
The fiction master Tony Morrison returns with The Homecoming, a novel about a world-famous scientist. It is an interesting story, totally out of the ordinary, as good as anything a writer has ever written. Newly married people can learn much from the book.
◆Published in April 2022
◆Publisher: Oxford University Press
Kelteas Imley’s new work, The Invisible Fate, was an international best seller before its UK release in July. While it’s well written and sometimes funny, don’t be fooled-it’s not a feel-good romantic comedy. If you decide to read it, be prepared for some heavy moments.
◆Published in July 2022
◆Publisher: Cambridge University Press
1．What can be learnt about The Dream of Life?
A．It’s a collection of several stories. B．It has an unattractive beginning.
C．It’s suitable for children only. D．It has a happy ending.2．Which book is helpful for young couples?
A．The Dream of Life. B．The Homecoming.
C．The Invisible Fate. D．The Dream of the Celt.3．What do the four books have in common?
A．They sell well internationally. B．They are authors’ biographies.
C．They are university publications. D．They focus on the wars’ cruelty.

Tariq Qaiser, an architect, is trying to protect mangroves (红树林). The trees could save Pakistan’s largest city Karachi, sitting on the Arabian Sea, from climate disaster. He comes to Bundal Island several times a week to document the illegal cutting of mangrove trees. Very often, “you can’t hear a single bird because the chain saws are so loud. The trees are cut down illegally for firewood,” he says, shaking his head. Besides, developers clear the mangroves to make room for new buildings.
Karachi has a hot climate, and its concrete buildings and paved roads make it even hotter. Offshore, there are islands where mangroves grow. They could be the key to slowing climate change. Mangrove forests pull carbon dioxide out of the air, holding four times as much of the planet-warming gas as other forests can. They support diverse ecosystems. As sea levels rise with global warming, the trees could play a big role in protecting coastal cities like Karachi from flooding. Karachi’s mangroves are disappearing. But its numbers are rising in other parts of Pakistan. With replanting efforts, the country has tripled (三倍于) its mangrove coverage over the past 30 years.
Qaiser’s work may have worked. Recently, a court in Karachi declared Bundal Island’s mangroves to be protected forests. But unforested parts of the island remain unprotected, and developers want to build there. City officials say this could provide much-needed housing and bring in billions of dollars. They claim that some of that money could be used to plant mangroves in other parts of Pakistan.
Ecologist Rafiul Haq appreciates Qaiser’s “extraordinary work” educating the public about mangroves. But he wishes Qaiser would look at the bigger picture. Only 7% of Pakistan’s mangroves are in Karachi, Haq says. He thinks it’s wrong “to focus on the losses in 7% of the country while ignoring the success in 93%” of it. But Qaiser believes it’s important to protect every bit.
4．What can we say about Karachi’s mangroves?
A．They’re eating into the building land. B．They’re suffering serious illegal-cutting.
C．They’re mainly being used as firewood. D．They’re attracting different kinds of birds.5．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning mangrove trees?
A．Their different birthplaces. B．Their huge diversity.
C．Their bonds with nature. D．Their rapid growth.6．What do the Karachi officials want to do?
A．Grow mangroves somewhere else. B．Build fences to protect mangroves.
C．Circle more mangrove reserves. D．Use mangroves to make more money.7．What does Haq think of Qaiser’s work on Karachi’s mangroves?
A．Fruitful. B．Cost-effective. C．Inconsistent. D．One-sided.

Recently, there have been huge advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs that create art.
Dall-E 2, a tool from OpenAI, uses AI to create excellent paintings, photos, and other artworks in many different styles based on simple descriptions. Since then, OpenAI has changed its rules to allow people to sign up and use the tool, but it’s still putting strong controls on the art that can be created. However, now there’re several other AI tools that work in similar ways. They are free or cheap, and don’t have some of Dall-E 2’s limits. Midjourney is a website that allows users to create images (图像) from short descriptions. Stable Diffusion is similar, but users can also run the program on their own computers.
The new tools are puissant, allowing people to quickly see almost any idea they can imagine, even if they aren’t artists. For some creative workers, like those at companies that create ads or images, the tools allow them to quickly explore new ideas.
These AI programs can make strange mistakes. But with the right description, they’re able to create images of just about anything in just about any style. Artists say that they’re now competing against computers for attention, prizes and jobs. It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet. In August, 2022, an artwork created with Midjourney won first prize at the Colorado State Fair, which upset many people.
The images and the descriptions used to train these AI programs are taken from the Internet. Their creators haven’t given permission for their images to be used. But their skills and talents are a huge part of what makes the new tools so successful. This has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal. This is an area where the law isn’t clear. Some artists’ groups say artists should get to decide if their works can be used by these tools.
8．What do we know about OpenAI?
A．It’s created several AI art tools. B．It’s earned much money for itself.
C．It’s made Dall-E 2 access limited. D．It’s possessed many works of art.9．What does the underlined word “puissant” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Expensive. B．Powerful. C．Time-consuming. D．Risk-taking.10．Which word best describes the artists facing the AI art tools?
A．Stressful. B．Doubtful. C．Cheerful. D．Grateful.11．What conclusion can we draw from the last paragraph?
A．Technology advances faster than lawmaking. B．The training images will be open to the public.
C．AI tools will be banned because of copyright. D．Artists lack the skills to create modern works.

Ants have the ability to smell out cancer cells in humans, a new study has discovered, suggesting they could be used for cancer diagnosis in future. Researchers discovered that ant species called Formica fusca has a well-developed sense of smell. It was able to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell, limited trials showed. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancer cells in humans.
To conduct their research, the scientists performed tests with 36 ants smelling cells under a lab setting.
First, the specialists exposed the ants to the smell of a sample of human cancer cells. This smell was then associated with a reward of sugar solution. In a second step, the researchers exposed the ants to two different smells. One was a new smell and the second was the smell of the cancer cells. Once this test was successful, the scientists exposed the ants to different cancer cells. As such, the scientists found that “ants can distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells and different cancer cells.”
After training, Formica fusca ant can recognize the VOC sent out by cancer cells. This isn’t the first time that scientists have used the animal sense of smell to locate cancer cells. “Dogs noses are well suited for medical diagnosis and used for the recognition of cancer,” the researchers explained. However, training them to do so requires several months to a year. “Therefore, ants, as a tool for identifying cancer cells, are fast, efficient, cheap and have strong discrimination,” the team explained. “Our approach can also be used in a range of other complex smell identification tasks in the future, including identifying drugs, explosives, spoiled foods or diseases such as malaria.”
12．Why do scientists choose ants Formica fusca to experiment?
A．They behave much better than dogs. B．They are easy to be found in nature.
C．They are more efficient and cheaper. D．They have a perfect sense of smell.13．Which aspect of the study is paragraph 3 about?
A．Its purpose. B．Its procedure. C．Its background. D．Its significance.14．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To explain an unusual cure for cancer. B．To report the process of training ants.
C．To introduce a new way to identify cancer. D．To predict a medical study’s breakthrough.15．What’s the best title of the text?
A．Ants operate on cancer patients. B．Ants can stop humans getting cancer.
C．Scientists find ants are cancer-free. D．Ants can smell cancer effectively.


二、七选五
Email is a way of sending messages and data to other people by means of computers connected together in a network, which plays a very important role in our daily life. It is something that most of us use almost every day. 16
First of all, someone sends you a joke and doesn’t give you license to send it to your whole address book. 17 The same is true for emails that say “send this on” or that promise you rewards for it.
Even if it is amusing or really interesting, stop and consider if it is appropriate to send it to others. If you have work addresses for your contacts, do not send it to anyone’s place of employment if there is any inappropriateness. 18 Therefore, don’t get them in trouble by sending something that is not appropriate.
19 Don’t worry. Please put the contacts in the BCC line, which means “blind carbon copy”. This way, all of your contacts are protected.
When receiving an email, if it is a personal note, the polite thing to do is to acknowledge it, even if it is just a quick return email to say “thanks!”. 20
Use a subject line that clearly lets the receiver know what the email is regarding, which helps the receiver to decide whether there is need for him/her to read the email attentively or not.
A．Never show your name in your emails.
B．If it’s not absolutely amusing, don’t send it.
C．How about sending your emails to all your friends?
D．Many people have strict rules about what they can send and receive.
E．It’s rude to receive a friendly email from a friend or co-worker and just ignore it.
F．What if you ignore the above advice and send out emails to your whole address book?
G．But there are some tips for good manners when it comes to sending or receiving emails.


三、完形填空
98-year-old Mae Amburgey survived the historic 2022 Kentucky floods after her granddaughter shared an alarming photo.
Mae 21 escaped with her life after her apartment was flooded. The water level rose to 4 feet, 22 her, her son Larry, in his seventies, and her grandson Gregory.
They tried 23 several times to call for help, as most of the phone lines were down due to the 24 . Eventually, Gregory took a picture of his grandmother sitting on her bed with her legs dipped in the 25 water below and sent it to his sister Missy, who lives in Green Oaks, Illinois, and the instant she 26 the photo, it broke her heart.
She 27 this photo on a social networking website. 28 it, she wrote, “My grandmother, uncle and 29 are stuck in the house across from the high school. Anyone who has a boat around that area, please 30 !”
The shot soon went viral (走红), attracting many people’s 31 . There were emergency boats nearby, but they failed to come because they couldn’t 32 the large portion of floodwater with a powerful current (水流). Both Larry and Mae are 33 , and young Gregory couldn’t help them 34 on his own. However, before the family lost 35 , one kind stranger entered the 36 just in time as the water kept rising.
The man 37 the home and helped each person get out. The three men helped Mae out and swam against the 38 current to safety.
No one knows who the man was, and he 39 before anyone could thank him. We hope his 40 comes back to him in some way.
21．A．barely B．nearly C．obviously D．immediately
22．A．challenging B．puzzling C．trapping D．astonishing
23．A．by accident B．in advance C．in vain D．by luck
24．A．weather B．construction C．repair D．flood
25．A．warm B．dirty C．same D．special
26．A．mailed B．described C．saw D．remembered
27．A．found B．posted C．selected D．developed
28．A．Accompanying B．Clarifying C．Simplifying D．Confirming
29．A．sister B．brother C．mother D．father
30．A．stop B．wait C．listen D．help
31．A．imagination B．strength C．attention D．interest
32．A．check B．cross C．choose D．search
33．A．curious B．brave C．sorry D．old
34．A．escape B．walk C．return D．recover
35．A．love B．aim C．effort D．hope
36．A．scene B．office C．boat D．school
37．A．passed by B．drove along C．broke into D．kept off
38．A．extra B．timely C．final D．tough
39．A．disappeared B．arrived C．continued D．worked
40．A．dream B．deed C．duty D．step


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。
The UK is one of the world’s richest countries, but people are having difficulty 41 (pay) energy bills. Electricity and gas bills could rise fourfold this year. Even people on good salaries are feeling the pressure. Lower-paid workers and retirees may be faced with a hard 42 (choose) of heating or eating. Many towns have a temporary solution. They are converting libraries into spaces, 43 people can stay warm for free. These 44 (call) “heat banks”. Money-saving expert Martin Lewis says he is astonished by the idea of warm banks in a supposedly 45 (wealth) country. The UK already has 46 (hundred) of food banks for those who struggle to afford to eat.
47 (avoid) rising energy costs, Britons are taking serious measures. One woman has turned off her fridge. Now she’s keeping her food in cold water. A man has switched off his electric kettle 48 is drinking water instead of hot drinks. Last winter, a lady used her free bus pass to sit on a warm bus all day 49 (patient) instead of sitting at home in the cold. People are angry with oil companies who are making record profits. Each year in the UK, around 11,400 deaths are caused 50 cold weather. This figure will rise further this year.


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
People believe climbing can do well to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think you had to go to the mountains to learn climbing, you are wrong. Many people are learning what to climb in city gyms. To climb, you need special shoe and a safety belt around your chest hold you. A beginner’s climb wall is usually 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. The most difficulty part is to control your fear. Climbing attracts people because it’s a good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especial your arms and legs. When you climb, all your mind and body become stronger.

六、其他应用文
52．假定你叫李华，是英国某中学的一名中国交换生。你从学校网站上得知你校将于2023年元旦举办有关中国传统艺术的才艺展示会 (talent show)。请你给组委会写封邮件，请求参加该展示会，内容包括：
1. 你能展示的中国传统艺术；
2. 你的愿望。
注意：1. 词数100左右；邮件开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’ll shock you, grieve you, and finally make you happy when you finish it.(它会让你震惊，让你悲伤，最后在你读完它的时候让你开心)”可知，The Dream of Life有一个幸福的结局。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The fiction master Tony Morrison returns with The Homecoming, a novel about a world-famous scientist. It is an interesting story, totally out of the ordinary, as good as anything a writer has ever written. Newly married people can learn much from the book.(小说大师托尼·莫里森带着一部关于世界著名科学家的小说《归乡》回来了。这是一个有趣的故事，完全不同寻常，和作家写过的任何东西一样好。新婚的人们可以从这本书中学到很多东西)”可知，The Homecoming对年轻夫妇有帮助。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第一部分“◆Publisher: University College of London Press(出版社：伦敦大学学院出版社)”；第二部分“◆Publisher: Imperial College London Press(出版社：伦敦帝国理工学院出版社)”；第三部分“◆Publisher: Oxford University Press(出版社：牛津大学出版社)”以及最后一部分“◆Publisher: Cambridge University Press(出版社：剑桥大学出版社)”可知，这四本书的共同点是都是大学出版物。故选C。
4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建筑师Tariq Qaiser致力于保护巴基斯坦最大城市卡拉奇红树林的事迹。
4．细节理解题。第一段提到“ He comes to Bundal Island several times a week to document the illegal cutting of mangrove trees. ”（他每周来本达尔岛几次，记录非法砍伐红树林的情况。）由此判断，卡拉奇的红树林正在遭受非法砍伐。故选B。
5．推理判断题。第二段第二句提到“Offshore, there are islands where mangroves grow.  They could be the key to slowing climate change.  Mangrove forests pull carbon dioxide out of the air, holding four times as much of the planet-warming gas as other forests can.  They support diverse ecosystems. As sea levels rise with global warming, the trees could play a big role in protecting coastal cities like Karachi from flooding.”（在近海，有红树林生长的岛屿。它们可能是减缓气候变化的关键。红树林从空气中吸收二氧化碳，其吸收的温室气体是其他森林的四倍。它们支持不同的生态系统。随着全球变暖导致海平面上升，这些树木可以在保护卡拉奇等沿海城市免受洪水侵袭方面发挥重要作用。）由此判断，第二段主要讲述了红树林与自然的联系，以及生态方面的关键作用。故选C。
6．细节理解题。第三段最后两句提到“City officials say this could provide much-needed housing and bring in billions of dollars. They claim that some of that money could be used to plant mangroves in other parts of Pakistan.”（市政府官员表示，这可以提供急需的住房，并带来数十亿美元的收入。他们声称，其中一些钱可以用来在巴基斯坦其他地区种植红树林。）由此判断，政府官员会在其他的地方种植红树林。故选A。
7．推理判断题。最后一段提到“Only 7% of Pakistan’s mangroves are in Karachi, Haq says. He thinks it’s wrong “to focus on the losses in 7% of the country while ignoring the success in 93%” of it. But Qaiser believes it’s important to protect every bit.”（哈克说，巴基斯坦只有7%的红树林在卡拉奇。他认为“关注全国7%的损失而忽视93%的成功”是错误的。但是Qaiser认为保护每一处都很重要。）哈奇认为不能只关注到失败的而不关注成功的方面，但卡拉奇认为就算是再小的区域都要兼顾到，因此哈奇对于卡拉奇想法的认识是片面的，不全面的。A. Fruitful.富有成果的；B. Cost-effective. 划算的；C. Inconsistent.不一致的；D. One-sided.片面 的。故选D。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近，创造艺术的人工智能程序有了巨大的进步。这些程序可以根据简短的描述创作出艺术作品，这让很多人感到惊讶，但是这也存在一些问题。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since then, OpenAI has changed its rules to allow people to sign up and use the tool, but it’s still putting strong controls on the art that can be created.(从那时起，OpenAI改变了规则，允许人们注册并使用该工具，但它仍然对可以创作的艺术进行了严格的控制。)”和“They are free or cheap, and don’t have some of Dall-E 2’s limits. (它们是免费或便宜的，没有一些 Dall-E2的限制。)”可知，OpenAI使Dall-E2有一些访问限制。故选C。
9．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“allowing people to quickly see almost any idea they can imagine, even if they aren’t artists.(使人们能够快速看到几乎任何他们能想到的想法，即使他们不是艺术家。)”可知，这些新工具使人们能够快速看到几乎任何他们能想到的想法，这说明它们非常强大，由此可知，划线单词puissant意为“强大的”，与B项“Powerful.(强大的)”意思一样，故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Artists say that they’re now competing against computers for attention, prizes and jobs. It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet.(艺术家们表示，他们现在正与电脑竞争关注度、奖品和工作。一个艺术家很难与互联网上出现的所有艺术和摄影作品竞争。)”可推知，面对人工智能艺术工具，艺术家感到有压力，故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal. This is an area where the law isn’t clear.(这就引发了这些工具所做的事情是否公平或合法的问题。这是一个法律不明确的领域。)”可推知，人工智能绘画工具是否合法是未知的，因为还没有相关立法，这说明技术进步比立法更快。故选A。
12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，解释了背后的原因以及研究开展的过程。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers discovered that ant species called Formica fusca has a well-developed sense of smell. It was able to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell, limited trials showed. (研究人员发现，一种名为福米卡的蚂蚁具有发达的嗅觉。有限的试验表明，由于它们的嗅觉，它能够区分癌细胞和健康细胞)”可知，科学家选择蚁群作为实验对象是因为它们有完美的嗅觉。故选D。
13．主旨大意题。根据第三段“First, the specialists exposed the ants to the smell of a sample of human cancer cells. This smell was then associated with a reward of sugar solution. In a second step, the researchers exposed the ants to two different smells. One was a new smell and the second was the smell of the cancer cells. Once this test was successful, the scientists exposed the ants to different cancer cells. As such, the scientists found that “ants can distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells and different cancer cells.” (首先，专家们将蚂蚁暴露在人类癌细胞样本的气味中。然后，这种气味与糖溶液的奖励联系在一起。在第二步中，研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在两种不同的气味中。一种是新的气味，另一种是癌细胞的气味。测试成功后，科学家们将蚂蚁暴露在不同的癌细胞中。因此，科学家们发现“蚂蚁可以区分癌细胞与健康细胞和不同的癌细胞。”)”可知，第三段讲的是研究的程序。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据文章主要说明了研究发现蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，解释了背后的原因以及研究开展的过程。可推知，文章的目的是介绍一种识别癌症的新方法。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ants have the ability to smell out cancer cells in humans, a new study has discovered, suggesting they could be used for cancer diagnosis in future. Researchers discovered that ant species called Formica fusca has a well-developed sense of smell. It was able to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell, limited trials showed. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancer cells in humans. (一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，这表明它们将来可以用于癌症诊断。研究人员发现，一种名为福米卡的蚂蚁具有发达的嗅觉。有限的试验表明，由于其嗅觉，它能够区分癌细胞和健康细胞。但该团队表示，在将其用于医院等临床环境之前，必须进行更多的临床试验。他们认为，在未来，蚂蚁可能会比狗更擅长定位人类体内的癌细胞)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，解释了背后的原因以及研究开展的过程。可知，D选项“蚂蚁能有效地嗅出癌症”最符合文章标题。故选D。
16．G 17．B 18．D 19．F 20．E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些发送电子邮件的礼仪建议。
16．根据上文“Email is a way of sending messages and data to other people by means of computers connected together in a network, which plays a very important role in our daily life. It is something that most of us use almost every day.(电子邮件是通过连接在网络中的计算机向其他人发送信息和数据的一种方式，它在我们的日常生活中起着非常重要的作用。这是我们大多数人几乎每天都在使用的东西)”结合后文主要介绍了收发电子邮件的建议，故G选项“但是在收发电子邮件时，还是有一些礼貌的建议的”符合语境，故选G。
17．根据上文“First of all, someone sends you a joke and doesn’t give you license to send it to your whole address book.(首先，有人给你发了一个笑话，但不允许你把它发送到你的整个地址簿)”以及后文“The same is true for emails that say “send this on” or that promise you rewards for it.(同样的道理也适用于那些写着“发送这个”或者承诺给你奖励的邮件)”可知，上文提到了收到了一个笑话，可推测本句承接上文说明，如何处理这种情况，故B选项“如果不是很有趣，就不要发”符合语境，故选B。
18．根据上文“Even if it is amusing or really interesting, stop and consider if it is appropriate to send it to others. If you have work addresses for your contacts, do not send it to anyone’s place of employment if there is any inappropriateness.(即使它很有趣或真的很有趣，也要停下来考虑一下是否适合发给别人。如果你有联系人的工作地址，如果有任何不合适的地方，不要把它发送到任何人的工作地点)”可知，上文提到考虑是否适合发给别人，且提到不要把它发送到任何人的工作地点，本句说明原因：许多人对他们可以发送和接收的东西有严格的规定。故D选项“许多人对他们可以发送和接收的东西有严格的规定”符合语境，故选D。
19．根据后文“Don’t worry. Please put the contacts in the BCC line, which means “blind carbon copy”. This way, all of your contacts are protected.(别担心。请把联系人写在BCC一行，意思是“密件抄送”。这样，你所有的联系人都受到保护)”可知，后文提到了别担心，可推测本句是在说明令人担忧的情况：把电子邮件发给你的整个通讯录。故F选项“如果你忽略了上面的建议，把电子邮件发给你的整个通讯录呢？”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据上文“When receiving an email, if it is a personal note, the polite thing to do is to acknowledge it, even if it is just a quick return email to say “thanks!”.(当收到一封私人邮件时，礼貌的做法是承认它，即使它只是一封快速回复的电子邮件说“谢谢!”)”可知，上文提到要说谢谢，推测不能对邮件视而不见。故E选项“收到朋友或同事发来的友好的电子邮件却视而不见是很不礼貌的”符合语境，故选E。

21．A 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了98岁的梅·安伯吉在孙女分享了一张令人担忧的照片后，在2022年肯塔基州的历史性洪水中幸存下来的故事。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：梅的公寓被洪水淹没后，她勉强逃过一劫。A. barely勉强才能；B. nearly几乎；C. obviously显而易见地；D. immediately立即。根据下文“The three men helped Mae out and swam against the 　　18　　 current to safety.”可知，Mae最终逃过了洪水，勉强逃过一劫。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：水位上升到4英尺，困住了她，她的儿子拉里，70多岁，和她的孙子格雷戈里。A. challenging挑战；B. puzzling使困惑；C. trapping困住；D. astonishing使吃惊。根据前文“The water level rose to 4 feet”可知，洪水涨到4英尺，困住了三个人。故选C。
23．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们徒劳地多次尝试求助，因为大多数电话线都因为洪水而中断了。A. by accident偶然地；B. in advance提前；C. in vain徒劳地；D. by luck幸运地。根据下文“as most of the phone lines were down”可知，大部分电话线中断了，因此求助是徒劳地。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. weather天气；B. construction建筑；C. repair修理；D. flood洪水。根据前文“the historic 2022 Kentucky floods”和“The water level rose to 4 feet”可知，发生了洪水。故选D。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，格雷戈里拍了一张他的祖母坐在床上和她的腿浸在脏水下面的照片，把它发送给他的妹妹Missy，她住在伊利诺斯州绿橡树，她一收到照片，就感动心碎了。A. warm温暖的；B. dirty肮脏的；C. same同样的；D. special特别的。根据常识和前文“The water level rose to 4 feet”可知，发洪水了，水是脏的。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. mailed邮寄；B. described描述；C. saw看见；D. remembered记住。根据上文“sent it to his sister Missy, who lives in Green Oaks, Illinois”和下文“it broke her heart”可知，Gregory把照片发给了妹妹，妹妹一看到母亲困在洪水中的照片，心碎了。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在社交网站上发布了这张照片。A. found发现；B. posted发布；C. selected选择；D. developed发展。根据下文“this photo on a social networking website”可知，Missy把照片发布在社交网站上。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还写道：“我的祖母、叔叔和哥哥被困在高中对面的房子里。任何在那附近有船的人，请帮助！”A. Accompanying附带；B. Clarifying澄清；C. Simplifying简化；D. Confirming证实。根据后文“she wrote, “My grandmother, uncle and 　　9　　are stuck in the house across from the high school.”可知，发布了照片后，还附带有文字。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sister姐妹；B. brother兄弟；C. mother母亲；D. father父亲。根据前文“Gregory took a picture of his grandmother sitting on her bed with her legs dipped in the 　　5　　 water below and sent it to his sister Missy”可知，Gregory是Missy的兄弟。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stop停止；B. wait等待；C. listen听；D. help帮助。根据前文及常识可知，一家三人被困在洪水中，Missy发布照片求助，请那里有船的人帮助救援。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张照片很快就火了，吸引了很多人的注意。A. imagination想象；B. strength力量；C. attention注意；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“There were emergency boats nearby, but they failed to come”可知，照片吸引了人们的注意。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近有应急船，但他们没能来，因为他们无法穿过大片有强大水流的洪水。A. check检查；B. cross横穿；C. choose选择；D. search搜寻。根据前文“but they failed to come”可知，他们无法穿过有着强大水流的洪水。故选B。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉里和梅都上了年纪，年轻的格雷戈里无法独自帮助他们逃脱。A. curious好奇的；B. brave勇敢的；C. sorry遗憾的；D. old年纪大的。根据前文“her son Larry, in his seventies”可知，拉里和梅都上了年纪。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. escape逃脱；B. walk走；C. return返回；D. recover恢复。根据前文可知，他们被困在洪水里面，此处说明想要逃脱困境。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一家人失去希望之前，一个善良的陌生人及时出现在了现场，当时水还在不断上涨。A. love爱；B. aim目的；C. effort努力；D. hope希望。根据下文“one kind stranger entered the 　　16　　 just in time as the water kept rising”和before可知，在一家人失去逃脱的希望之前，有人来救援了。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. scene现场；B. office办公室；C. boat船；D. school学校。根据上文“The man 　　17　　 the home and helped each person get out.”可知，一个陌生人来到现场营救。故选A。
37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那人破门而入，把每个人都救了出来。A. passed by经过；B. drove along沿着……开车；C. broke into破门而入；D. kept off使……不接近。根据下文“helped each person get out”可知，这个善良的人破门而入，救了三人。故选C。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这三个人把梅救了出来，迎着激流游到了安全的地方。A. extra额外的；B. timely及时的；C. final最后的；D. tough坚韧的。根据前文“floodwater with a powerful current (水流)”可知，水流强大。故选D。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人知道这个人是谁，还没来得及感谢他，他就消失了。A. disappeared消失；B. arrived到达；C. continued继续；D. worked工作。根据下文“We hope his 　　20　　 comes back to him in some way.”可知，没人知道这个人是谁，因为他很快就消失了。故选A。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望他的行为以某种方式使他得到回报。A. dream梦想；B. deed行为；C. duty职责；D. step脚步。根据前文“The man 　　17　　 the home and helped each person get out.”可知，这个人的行为值得以某种方式得到回报。故选B。

41．paying 42．choice 43．where 44．are called 45．wealthy 46．hundreds 47．To avoid 48．and 49．patiently 50．by

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国是世界上最富有的国家之一，但是人们却很难支付能源费用。为了应对此问题，英国人正在采取措施。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：英国是世界上最富有的国家之一，但是人们却很难支付能源费用。have difficulty (in) doing固定搭配，意为“很难做某事”，因此用所给词的动名词形式作宾语。故填paying。
42．考查名词。句意：低收入工人和退休人员可能面临取暖或吃饭的艰难选择。此处应用名词choice，作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填choice。
43．考查定语从句。句意：他们正在把图书馆改造成人们可以免费取暖的空间。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词spaces，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导，故填where。
44．考查时态和语态。句意：这些地方被称为“热库”。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语these指的是these spaces，和动词call是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动，主语是复数，故填are called。
45．考查形容词。句意：储蓄专家马丁•刘易斯（Martin Lewis）表示，在一个理应富裕的国家拥有“热库”这种想法令他感到震惊。此处应用形容词wealthy作定语，修饰名词country，故填wealthy。
46．考查固定搭配。句意：英国已经为那些吃不起饭的人建立了数百个食物银行。hundres of固定搭配，意为“数百个”，故填hundreds。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免能源价格上涨，英国人正在采取严肃的措施。句中有谓语are taking，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填To avoid。
48．考查连词。句意：一个男人关掉了电水壶，现在他和凉水而不是热饮料。空处前后是并列顺承关系，应用连词and，故填and。
49．考查副词。句意： 去年冬天，一位女士用她的免费公共汽车通行证耐心地坐在一辆温暖的公共汽车上一整天，而不是在寒冷的家里坐着。此处应用副词patiently修饰动词sit，作状语，故填patiently。
50．考查介词。句意： 在英国，每年大约有11400人死于寒冷的天气。be caused by固定搭配，意为“由……引起”，故填by。
51．1. well→good
2. had→have
3.what→how
4. shoe→shoes
5. 在hold前加to
6. climb→climbing  
7. difficulty→difficult  
8.删除a   
9. especial→especially  
10. all→both
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。登山对健康是有益的。如果你认为你必须去山上学习登山，那你错了。本文主要介绍了在城市体育馆里学习攀登。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：人们相信登山对健康有益。do good to是固定短语，意为“对……有好处”。故将well改为good。
2.考查时态。句意：如果你认为你必须去山上学习登山，那你错了。通读全文可知，全文用的是一般现在时态，故此处也用一般现在时，主语是you，表示“必须，不得不”用have to。故将had改为have。
3.考查疑问词。句意：许多人正在城市体育馆里学习如何攀登。根据句意，此处指“学习如何攀登”，应用疑问副词how+to do作宾语。故将what改为how。
4.考查名词的数。句意：攀登时，你需要一双特殊的鞋子和一条系在胸前的安全带来支撑你。shoe是可数名词，常以复数形式出现。故将shoe改为shoes。
5.考查动词不定式。句意同上。分析句子可知，“来支撑你”是“系安全带”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故在hold前加to。
6.考查动名词。句意：初学者的攀岩墙通常有15英尺高，你可以直接爬上去。分析句子可知，表示“攀岩墙”应用动名词climbing修饰wall。故将climb改为climbing。
7.考查形容词。句意：最困难的部分是控制你的恐惧。part是名词，应用形容词来修饰。故将difficulty改为difficult。
8.考查冠词。句意：攀岩吸引了人们，因为它对几乎每个人来说都是很好的锻炼。exercise意为“锻炼”，是不可数名词。故删除good前的a。
9.考查副词。句意：你用你的整个身体，尤其是你的胳膊和腿。表示“尤其是”应用副词especially作评注性状语。故将especial改为especially。
10.考查代词。句意：当你攀登时，你的思想和身体都会变得更强壮。mind和body是两个事物，应用both…and…。故将all改为both。
52．Dear Sir or Madam,
From our school website I’ve learned our school is preparing a talent show on traditional Chinese arts on New Year’s Day 2023. I feel excited and proud because I think this is a golden chance to spread our Chinese culture, making foreigners have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
As an exchange student from China, I’m writing to you with the purpose of presenting my art talent in traditional Chinese culture at the show. I’m good at playing Guzheng, and I have been playing it since my childhood. I once won First Prize in a Talent Show of my city.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你叫李华，是英国某中学的一名中国交换生。你从学校网站上得知你校将于2023年元旦举办有关中国传统艺术的才艺展示会 (talent show)。请你给组委会写封邮件，请求参加该展示会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
机会：chance→opportunity
传统的：traditional→conventional
考虑：take into consideration→take into account
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As an exchange student from China, I’m writing to you with the purpose of presenting my art talent in traditional Chinese culture at the show.
拓展句：As an exchange student from China, the reason why I’m writing to you is that I want to present my art talent in traditional Chinese culture at the show.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I feel excited and proud because I think this is a golden chance to spread our Chinese culture, making foreigners have a better understanding of Chinese culture. (运用了because引导原因状语从句和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)