2023届河南省开封市高三冲刺卷（五）英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023届河南省开封市高三冲刺卷（五）英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届河南省开封市高三冲刺卷（五）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
In support of Financial Literacy Month (April), youth in Michigan, aged 9-12 years old on June 1, 2023, are encouraged to answer this year’s Essay Question (see below) with an essay of 300 words or less. The top scoring essays will win a $100 gift card thanks to the generous sponsorship of Extra Credit Union.
2023 Essay Question:
What is the difference between ‘a need and a want? Discuss how you determine if something is a need or a want. How can you make sure you have enough money to get your needs and still enjoy some of your wants? Share how needs and wants might change throughout one’s life.
Timeline:
June 30, 2023: Essay Submission due by 11:59 p.m.
July 31, 2023: Winners notified by this date
Who Should Enter:
Any youth 9-12 years old residing in the state of Michigan.
To Enter:
Youth must have parent permission to apply and participate.
·The application form must be completed by a parent or guardian.
·Youth must write an essay (300 words or less) on the assigned topic above.
·Essay response will be typed or pasted into the application form on registration page. It is recommended that youth write their essay in Word or a Google doc prior to completing the registration/submission form.
·The essay must be the work of the student submitting the essay. All essays become the property of the Michigan State University Extension 4-H Youth Development Program and may be used by contest coordinators to promote financial literacy.
Thank you Extra Credit Union for offering money and help for this year’s contest!
1．What is the aim of the contest?
A．To select talented youth. B．To support an activity.
C．To encourage people to save money. D．To teach kids how to make money.
2．What is a requirement for the contest?
A．Participants must live in Michigan. B．The essay hasn’t been published before.
C．The words of the entry must be over 300. D．Participants should write under an adult’s guidance
3．What can we learn about Extra Credit Union?
A．Scoring criteria. B．The judge.
C．The sponsor. D．The entry fee.

This past January, Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic, though decidedly icy, trail by becoming the first African woman to reach the South Pole alone, without assistance. While others might have been content to make history with this singular accomplishment, “Polar Preet” Chandi is not one to rest on her laurels (桂冠). The journey to the South Pole was merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the adventurous British Army officer.
For “phase two”, the 33-year-old has set her sights on crossing Antarctica — once again doing the journey alone and unsupported to become the first woman to achieve this goal.
On November 14, Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet, an ice-filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica. Her goal is to reach Reedy Glacier within 75 days, a coast-to-coast journey consisting of roughly 1,100 miles. And “roughly” is the operative (关键的) word here — she’ll be pulling a sled with equipment, weighing about 264 pounds altogether, and she’ll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit, with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour.
Her journey thus far required years of training. Prior to her 700-mile South Pole journey, she prepared by attending a polar survival course in Norway. She continued her training back home in the U.K. by dragging tires, the closest thing to pulling a sled, and a month-long practice run in Greenland. Ultimately, Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole expedition in 40 days, a full eight days ahead of schedule.
When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme conditions, Chandi tries to inspire others in her day-to-day work.
Chandi will be posting interval voice blog updates of her phase two progress on her website, polarpret.com, where a live tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her journey.
“Nothing is impossible. I’ve always had this idea that I can achieve something great, something that allows me to be a role model,” Chandi shared on her blog.
4．What made Chandi want to cross Antarctica?
A．Sticking to a promise. B．Trying challenging things.
C．Raising money for poor women. D．Realizing her childhood dream.
5．Why does the author emphasize the word “roughly” as vital in Paragraph 3?
A．To hide the author’s bad memory of numbers.
B．To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi.
C．To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey.
D．To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antaretica.
6．What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A．Survival training is a hard process.
B．Chandi got trained by pulling sleds.
C．The journey to the South Pole was eventful.
D．Chandi made full preparations for her adventure.
7．Which words can best describe Chandi?
A．Inspiring and friendly. B．Active and creative.
C．Confident and determined. D．Adventurous and modest.

If you’re in the market for a new food or water dish for your cat, you might want to check out Free the Ocean’s Bamboo Cat Bowls. These are made of bamboo fibers and rice husks (稻壳) and are more eco-friendly than traditional plastic.
The presence of bamboo-used as a renewable filler—is part of what makes the bowl greener. Bamboo, which is technically a grass, grows 30% faster than trees and as much as 1.5 inches per hour! Not surprisingly, it produces 30% more oxygen and absorbs 35% more carbon dioxide than trees, according to Mimi Ausland, founder of Free the Ocean. “It’s a cut-and-come-again plant, which means it can be cropped without disrupting the root ball, reducing carbon giving off when it’s harvested.”
Rice husk is a byproduct of rice production that is a challenge to farmers because it is hard to break down and of no great value. Its use as a filler provides a purpose for an otherwise useless material and, along with the bamboo.
Ausland said, “Plastic cat dishes harbor bacteria (细菌), which can put your cat’s health at risk. Even if pet owners clean them regularly, they cannot be fully sanitized. Plastic bowls are the main cause of cat diseases.”
However, the bamboo cat bowl will not leach (渗入) harmful chemicals into your pet’s water the way that traditional plastic can and it is naturally free of bacteria.
Cats will like the bowls, as they have low edges. With an easy-to-pick-up handle, they come in four colors.
One customer commented, “My cats prefer these cat food bowls just like me. The cats like the low lip that makes it easy to eat out of. And the fact that they’re made of bamboo and that buying them makes a difference to the environment is amazing! And it is easy to wash in the dishwasher.”
8．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?
A．The importance of bamboo in nature. B．The advantages of bamboo over grass.
C．The benefits of using bamboo as material. D．The role of bamboo in reducing pollution.
9．What does the underlined word “sanitized” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Replaced. B．Removed. C．Found. D．Used.
10．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To promote a new product. B．To give pet owners some advice.
C．To introduce the functions of bamboo. D．To point out the link between material and health.
11．What can we infer from the customer’s words?
A．Cats have low lips. B．Cats are easy to satisfy.
C．He is fond of the new bowl. D．He doesn’t like doing housework.

When customers in downtown Vancouver placed orders with Pizza Hut in September, many of the pies landed on their doorsteps without a person in sight. Instead, diners were met by autonomous robots looking like a cooler on four wheels with eyelike lights.
The belief held by Serve Robotics is simple: with slim restaurant profits, a labor shortage and climate change worries “Why move a two-pound hamburger in a two-ton car?” A handful of other robotic delivery companies have the same idea, but they are facing several roadblocks.
“They’re drawing a lot of attention from people while they’re out on the sidewalk because they’re not seeing them that often and people are excited to see them, but as usage continues to increase, this can cause a lot of crowding on already narrow sidewalks,” said Prabhjot Gill, a McKinsey & Co. associate partner.
Ali Kashani, Serve’s Vancouver-bred chief executive, considers the criticism to be a natural part of innovation and thinks they are “a win-win for everybody“. But he’s tried to quiet concerns by ensuring his robots flash their lights to warn people they are around. They are equipped with automatic crash prevention, vehicle collision avoidance and emergency braking.
However, David Lepofsky, chair of the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act Alliance, said, ”It’s not like we’re denying people a service. We’ve got a way to deliver pizzas that we’ve had since we’ve had pizza delivery. It’s called human beings.“
Manish Dhankher, Pizza Hut Canada’s chief customer officer, agrees no pizza delivery is worth risking somebody’s safety, but said his company only partnered with Serve once the robots had made thousands of injury-free trips.
Serve robots only made nearby deliveries for Pizza Hut’s 1725 Robson St. location for two weeks, but the pilot generated ”childlike excitement“ from customers and had a 95 per cent satisfaction rate.
But Pizza Hut isn’t ready to roll out robots permanently.
”We want to learn more,“ he said. “What happens when you put this in the snowy areas of Saskatchewan and what happens when there is freezing rain?”
12．What is Gill’s attitude toward food delivery robots?
A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Tolerant. D．Doubtful.
13．What did Kashani do with the robots to ease people’s worry?
A．Add security systems. B．Create special routes.
C．Put them to practical tests. D．Advocate their safety.
14．What can we infer from Dhankher’s words in paragraph 6?
A．Food delivery robots are completely safe.
B．Pizza Hut may use food delivery robots in the future.
C．Pizza Hut won’t choose food delivery robots forever.
D．He worries about the effect of bad weather conditions.
15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Food Delivery Robots Need to Be Improved
B．The Food Delivery Companies Are Taking off
C．The Inventor of Food Delivery Robots Are Optimistic
D．Mass Adoption of Food Delivery Robots Was Delayed


二、七选五
A food allergy (过敏) is a medical condition that occurs when the body’s protection system perceives certain foods as a threat and responds to them with an allergic reaction.
16 . That’s because they account for around 90 per cent of food allergies in the country. And they are the ones most likely to cause a severe reaction. This group consists of eggs, milk, peanuts, fish, tree nuts and wheat.
Food allergies are often confused with food intolerance. But intolerance is a less serious condition that does not involve a response from the immune system. 17 . If you experience an extreme reaction, seek medical help immediately.
Symptoms (症状) of a food allergy. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. And they may differ each time a specific allergen appears. Symptoms can include: a skin rash or hives, swelling of the face or lips, or feeling lightheaded or dizzy. 18 . That can send the body into shock or make it difficult to breathe.
Treating a food allergy. For minor reactions, you can take some medicine. For severe reactions, however, turn to doctors for help.
19 . The only sure way to prevent an allergic reaction to food is to carefully avoid the allergens. This can be a difficult process. That requires patients to carefully study food labels to ensure the food is safe for them. 20 . So it’s necessary to inform family or friends of the food that can cause a food allergy.
A．Avoiding harm from allergy
B．Preventing an allergic reaction
C．Not everyone knows what a food allergy is
D．Many people do not understand the severity of the issue
E．The best way to handle a food allergy is to avoid such foods
F．For some people, certain allergens can bring a severe reaction
G．Certain foods are considered priority allergens by Health Canada


三、完形填空
Ramu started a business with great enthusiasm but just after a few months, his business became bankrupt. After that, Ramu didn’t 21 any new work.
His teacher asked him, “Why don’t you start doing some other work?” Ramu 22 , “I started a business and I worked 24 by 7 and yet that 23 .” The teacher tried to 24 him saying, “But that’s life. Sometimes we get 25 at what we do and sometimes we don’t. This doesn’t 26 we stop working.”
“What’s the 27 of doing work when I can’t be sure of success?” Ramu asked. The teacher took Ramu to a room. Showing him a 28 tomato plant, he said, “Look at this. When I 29 , it’s seed. I did everything right for it. I 30 it carefully but it still died. Doing work is the 31 . No matter how hard you try, you cannot 32 what will happen in the end.” Ramu looked confused.
He then showed Ramu a pile of big red 33 lying in another room, saying, “They are the 34 of not giving up on growing plants even if there are failures before. I didn’t 35 , and I again sowed seeds and took care of them and this time plants grew. 36 , if you keep doing the right things consistently, your 37 of getting success are greatly increased. But if you 38 because of one or two failures, then life will not give you any 39 .”
Ramu had now read the lesson of success. He 40 what he had to do and left with a renewed vigor (活力).
21．A．miss B．start C．admire D．expect
22．A．replied B．continued C．completed D．announced
23．A．remained B．solved C．failed D．changed
24．A．attract B．support C．impress D．comfort
25．A．success B．inspiration C．guidance D．criticism
26．A．prove B．mean C．allow D．insist
27．A．reason B．trouble C．point D．method
28．A．fragile B．vigorous C．fresh D．dead
29．A．counted B．sowed C．looked D．ordered
30．A．tended to B．turned to C．referred to D．added to
31．A．contrary B．type C．choice D．same
32．A．promise B．decide C．pretend D．suspect
33．A．tomatoes B．apples C．peaches D．dates
34．A．motive B．cause C．result D．activity
35．A．drop B．harvest C．select D．stop
36．A．Similarly B．Generally C．Importantly D．Fortunately
37．A．abilities B．chances C．options D．feelings
38．A．break down B．settle down C．turn up D．give up
39．A．challenge B．surprise C．reward D．honor
40．A．understood B．forgot C．denied D．believed


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s commercial carrier rockets have welcomed a new member to the family, after the Smart Dragon-3, 41 Jielong-3, made its successful flight from the waters of the Yellow Sea, sending 14 satellites 42 (precise) into their designated orbit.
The vehicle, developed by the state-owned China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology and 43 (weigh) about 140 tons, is a carrier rocket with a total length of about 31 meters. It is capable of sending a 1.5-ton payload to the 50-kilometer orbit, has a even 44 (large) nose cone (锥体) that I provides more space for payloads and diversified launch modes, and 45 (be) more cost-efficient. It is a highly reliable launch vehicle fitted with facilities that support both land-and sea-based launches.
Seaborne launches in China have historically been cold launches, 46 use a booster (助推器) powered by compressed (压缩) air, steam or gas to launch the vehicle to a certain altitude before starting the rocket engine. This time, Smart Dragon-3 pushed 47 (it) out of the launching cell using its own engine.
While the extreme heat during hot launches will cause some damage to 48 (equip) on board the ship, China has developed the ability 49 (reduce) this impact through temperature-resistant treatment for the ship.
Among the 14 satellites sent into orbit during this mission was Torch-1, 50 satellite which will be used to carry out observations on microbial growth in microgravity conditions.


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Tuesday a mental health activity held in our school to help students relieve their study pressure. The activity was organized by the psychology club, where students with psychological problems could turn to for help. First of all, Mr. Chen, the psychology professor, gave a lecture on what to settle the study pressure. He analyzes the most common psychological problems that students may encounter but put forward some valuable suggestions. All the students listened to attentively and benefited a lot. Then, a short play was performed by the member of the psychology club. The students got relaxing both mentally and physically. This activity was thought high of by the whole school.

六、开放性作文
52．假定你是李华，你校英语报在征集题目为“Community Service”的短文，请你写一篇英文短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 你的经历；
2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 词数应为100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Community Service
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。讲述的是密歇根的青少年关于参加金融方面的论文比赛。
1．细节理解题。根据文章首段首句“In support of Financial Literacy Month (April), youth in Michigan, aged 9-12 years old on June 1, 2023, are encouraged to answer this year’s Essay Question (see below) with an essay of 300 words or less.(为了支持金融知识月（4月），鼓励密歇根州9-12岁的青年在 2023年6月1日以300字或更少的论文回答今年的论文问题。)”可知，比赛的目的是为了支持“金融扫盲月”活动的开展。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Who Should Enter中“Any youth 9-12 years old residing in the state of Michigan.(居住在密歇根州的任何9-12岁的青少年)”可知，参加者需是在密歇根居住的青少年。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章末句“Thank you Extra Credit Union for offering money and help for this year’s contest!(感谢额外信用社为今年的比赛提供资金和帮助！)”可知，Extra Credit Union是赞助单位。故选C项。
4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了第一位独自到达南极点的非裔女性Preet Chandi开始进行穿越南极洲的激励人的探险故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The journey to the South Pole was merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the adventurous British Army officer.(对这位爱冒险的英国军官来说，南极之旅仅仅是她更大、更非凡目标的“第一阶段”)”和第二段“For “phase two”, the 33-year-old has set her sights on crossing Antarctica — once again doing the journey alone and unsupported to become the first woman to achieve this goal.(在“第二阶段”，这位33岁的女士将目光投向了穿越南极洲——再次独自一人在没有支持的情况下完成这一旅程，成为第一位实现这一目标的女性)”可知，Preet Chandi是一位爱冒险的人，她穿越南极洲是为了尝试有挑战性的事情。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“And “roughly” is the operative (关键的) word here — she’ll be pulling a sled with equipment, weighing about 264 pounds altogether, and she’ll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit, with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour.(“大约”是这里的关键词——她将拉着一个装有设备的雪橇，总重约264磅，她将在零下58华氏度的温度下进行，风速高达每小时60英里)”可知，作者强调“大约”是1100英里，是因为除了路程外，Chandi还面临着沉重的设备、超级低温以及大风等带来的困难。由此推知，作者这样强调是为了显示Chandi面临着更多的挑战。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Prior to her 700-mile South Pole journey, she prepared by attending a polar survival course in Norway. She continued her training back home in the U.K. by dragging tires, the closest thing to pulling a sled, and a month-long practice run in Greenland. Ultimately, Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole expedition in 40 days, a full eight days ahead of schedule.(在她700英里的南极之旅之前，她参加了挪威的极地生存课程。她回到英国的家中继续训练，她拖着轮胎，这是最接近拉雪橇的事情，她还在格陵兰岛进行了为期一个月的跑步练习。最终，Chandi在40天内完成了她的第一次南极探险，比计划提前了整整8天)”可知，Chandi在南极之旅之前进行了大量的学习和训练。由此推知，她为了这次探险做了充分的准备工作。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据Preet Chandi克服困难成功独自一人抵达南极点的经历可知，她拥有着坚定的意志。再结合最后一段中“I’ve always had this idea that I can achieve something great, something that allows me to be a role model(我一直有这样的想法，我可以取得一些伟大的成就，让我成为一个榜样)”可知，她相信自己可以取得伟大的成就。由此推知，她是自信的。故选C项。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。竹子有很多用途，本文中作者介绍了一种新研制竹制猫碗，相比传统的塑料来说这种猫碗的特点是环保、使用安全。
8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The presence of bamboo-used as a renewable filler—is part of what makes the bowl greener. Bamboo, which is technically a grass, grows 30% faster than trees and as much as 1.5 inches per hour! Not surprisingly, it produces 30% more oxygen and absorbs 35% more carbon dioxide than trees, according to Mimi Ausland, founder of Free the Ocean. “It’s a cut-and-come-again plant, which means it can be cropped without disrupting the root ball, reducing carbon giving off when it’s harvested.””（竹子被用作可再生的填充物，这是使碗更环保的部分原因。严格来说，竹子是一种草，它的生长速度比树木快30%，达到每小时1.5英寸!根据Free the Ocean的创始人米米·奥斯兰(Mimi Ausland)的说法，毫不奇怪，它比树木多产生30%的氧气，多吸收35%的二氧化碳。“这是一种反复种植的植物，这意味着它可以在不破坏根球的情况下种植，减少收获时的碳排放。”）可知，第二段主要讨论了用竹子做材料的好处。故选C项。
9．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Ausland said, “Plastic cat dishes harbor bacteria (细菌), which can put your cat’s health at risk.”（澳斯兰说：“塑料猫盘含有细菌，会危及猫咪的健康。）以及划线单词句子中“Even if pet owners clean them regularly,”（即使宠物主人定期清洗）可知，前句介绍了塑料猫碗的害处，指出即使不断清洗细菌也不会被清洗干净，由此推断画线词sanitized意为“清除掉”，结合选项B项Removed“移除，清除”意思一致。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“If you’re in the market for a new food or water dish for your cat, you might want to check out Free the Ocean’s Bamboo Cat Bowls. These are made of bamboo fibers and rice husks (稻壳) and are more eco-friendly than traditional plastic.”（如果你在市场上为你的猫买一种新的食物或水盘，你可能会想看看Free the Ocean的竹猫碗。它们由竹纤维和稻壳制成，比传统塑料更环保。）可知，文章开篇介绍了竹制的猫碗，然后进一步分析这种猫碗的使用材料以及特点等，由此判断文章的目的是为了推荐新产品。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“One customer commented, “My cats prefer these cat food bowls just like me. The cats like the low lip that makes it easy to eat out of. And the fact that they’re made of bamboo and that buying them makes a difference to the environment is amazing! And it is easy to wash in the dishwasher.””（一位顾客评论道：“我的猫和我一样喜欢猫粮碗。猫喜欢低嘴唇，这样吃东西很容易。事实上，它们是由竹子制成的，购买它们对环境的影响是惊人的！而且很容易在洗碗机里洗。”）可知，从顾客的话中我们可以推断出他喜欢那只新碗。故选C项。
12．B 13．A 14．B 15．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大在普及使用送货机器人方面所面临的障碍以及人们对此的不同看法。
12．推理判断题。根据第三段内容““They’re drawing a lot of attention from people while they’re out on the sidewalk because they’re not seeing them that often and people are excited to see them, but as usage continues to increase, this can cause a lot of crowding on already narrow sidewalks,” said Prabhjot Gill, a McKinsey & Co. associate partner.(“当他们在人行道上时，他们吸引了人们的很多注意力，因为他们不经常看到他们，人们很高兴看到他们，但随着使用量的不断增加，这可能会导致已经很窄的人行道上出现很多拥挤，”麦肯锡公司合伙人Prabhjot Gill说。)”可知，Gill担心送货机器人会影响交通，给行人带来危险，Gill对送货机器人的态度是否定和消极的。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“They are equipped with automatic crash prevention, vehicle collision avoidance and emergency braking.(它们配备了自动碰撞预防、车辆防撞和紧急制动功能。)”可知，Kashani为了减少人们的担心，提高安全系数为机器人配备了自动防撞、车辆防撞和紧急制动等安全系统。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第六段“Manish Dhankher, Pizza Hut Canada’s chief customer officer, agrees no pizza delivery is worth risking somebody’s safety, but said his company only partnered with Serve once the robots had made thousands of injury-free trips.(加拿大必胜客首席客户官Manish Dhankher同意，没有披萨外卖值得冒着某人的安全风险，但他表示，他的公司只有在机器人进行了数千次无伤害旅行后才与Serve合作。)”可知，必胜客有可能会与Serve机器人公司合作。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。文章开头描述了送货机器人送货的场景，然后介绍了机器人公司的理念，然后提出了在大量使用机器人方面存在的障碍，可知送餐机器人的大规模采用被推迟，由此判断D选项可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
16．G 17．E 18．F 19．B 20．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是食物过敏、过敏的症状以及如何预防食物过敏。
16．空后说“That’s because they account for around 90 per cent of food allergies in the country. And they are the ones most likely to cause a severe reaction. This group consists of eggs, milk, peanuts, fish, tree nuts and wheat.(这是因为它们占了全国食物过敏的90%左右。它们是最有可能引起严重反应的。这类食物包括鸡蛋、牛奶、花生、鱼、坚果和小麦。)”，这介绍的是一些过敏原，G选项“Certain foods are considered priority allergens by Health Canada(加拿大卫生部认为某些食物是优先过敏原)”说明某些食物是优先过敏原，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
17．空后说“If you experience an extreme reaction, seek medical help immediately.(如果你经历了极端的反应，立即寻求医疗帮助。)”，这说明的是如何应对食物过敏，E选项“The best way to handle a food allergy is to avoid such foods(应对食物过敏的最好方法就是避免吃这些食物)”说明应对食物过敏的最好方法就是避免吃这些食物，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
18．空前说“Symptoms can include: a skin rash or hives, swelling of the face or lips, or feeling lightheaded or dizzy.(症状可能包括：皮疹或荨麻疹，面部或嘴唇肿胀，或感到头晕或头晕。)”，这说明的是食物过敏的一些症状，空后说“That can send the body into shock or make it difficult to breathe.(这会使身体休克或呼吸困难。)”，说明空格处也应该介绍某种症状，且是会使身体休克或呼吸困难的症状，F选项“For some people, certain allergens can bring a severe reaction(对一些人来说，某些过敏原会带来严重的反应)”说明了过敏原会带来严重的反应，和后文它会使身体休克或呼吸困难相呼应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
19．空后说“The only sure way to prevent an allergic reaction to food is to carefully avoid the allergens.(防止食物过敏反应的唯一可靠方法是小心避免接触过敏原。)”，因此本段主要讲的是怎么避免食物过敏，B选项“Preventing an allergic reaction(预防过敏反应)”概括了本段主要内容，可作为主题句，故选B。
20．空后说“So it’s necessary to inform family or friends of the food that can cause a food allergy.(因此，有必要告诉家人或朋友可能导致食物过敏的食物。)”，说明有人可能不知道食物过敏是很严重的，D选项“Many people do not understand the severity of the issue(许多人不了解这个问题的严重性)”说明许多人不了解这个问题的严重性，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。

21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．A

【导语】本文是记叙文。主要叙述了Ramu做生意失败了，感到非常泪丧。他的老师知道了这件事情，把他叫到家中通过番茄植物启发他。Ramu最终决定再冒险一次。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那以后，Ramu没有开始新的工作。A. miss错过；B. start开始；C. admire钦佩；D. expect期待。根据下文“His teacher asked him, “Why don’t you start doing some other work?””可知，Ramu没有开始新的工作。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ramu回答说:“我开了一家公司，一天24小时朝七晚七地工作，但失败了。”A. replied答复；B. continued继续；C. completed完成；D. announced宣布。 前文老师问了问题“Why don’t you start doing some other work?”，因此此处是Ramu回复老师的问题。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. remained仍旧；B. solved解决；C. failed失败；D. changed改变。根据前文“his business became bankrupt”可知，Ramu的生意失败了。故选C。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师努力安慰他说:“但这就是生活。有时我们做的事情会成功，有时则不然。这并不意味着我们停止工作。”A. attract吸引；B. support支持；C. impress使……印象深刻；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“I started a business and I worked 24 by 7 and yet that 　　3　　.”可知，Rumu生意失败了，不想开始新的工作，因此老师安慰他。故选D。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. success成功；B. inspiration灵感；C. guidance指导；D. criticism批判。根据前文内容和“But that’s life.”可知，Rumu生意失败了，老师说那就是生活，结合常识可知，生活中做事情有时成功有时失败。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师努力安慰他说:“但这就是生活。有时我们做的事情会成功，有时则不然。这并不意味着我们停止工作。”A. prove证明；B. mean意味着；C. allow允许；D. insist坚持。根据前文“But that’s life. Sometimes we get 　　5　　 at what we do and sometimes we don’t.”可知，老师说生活就是有时成功有时失败，但是并不意味着我们不工作不尝试。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“既然我不能确定是否会成功，工作还有什么意义?”Ramu矿问道。A. reason原因；B. trouble麻烦；C. point意义；D. method方法。根据下文“when I can’t be sure of success”可知，Ramu问老师，既然不能确定是否成功工作还有什么意义呢。故选C。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给他看了一株死番茄。A. fragile脆弱的；B. vigorous精力充沛的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. dead死的。根据下文“but it still died”可知，番茄是死的。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我播种时，它是种子。A. counted要紧；B. sowed播种；C. looked看；D. ordered命令。根据下文“it’s seed”可知，种子被播种在地下。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地照顾它但是它仍旧死了。A. tended to照顾；B. turned to转向；C. referred to指的是；D. added to增添。根据前文“I did everything right for it.”和下文“I again sowed seeds and took care of them and this time plants grew.”可知，老师仔细地照顾番茄但是它仍旧死了。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：做工作是一样的。A. contrary相反的情况；B. type类型；C. choice选择；D. same同样的事物。根据下文“No matter how hard you try, you cannot 　　12　　 what will happen in the end.”可知，老师说有时候不管你怎么努力你都不知道结果会发生什么，这个种植番茄细心照顾最终还是死亡是一样的道理。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论你多么努力，你都无法决定最终会发生什么。A. promise许诺；B. decide决定；C. pretend假装；D. suspect怀疑。根据前文“But that’s life. Sometimes we get 　　5　　 at what we do and sometimes we don’t.”和“No matter how hard you try”可知，无论你多么努力，也无法决定最后的结果，故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他给Ramu看了另一个房间里的一堆大红番茄。A. tomatoes番茄；B. apples苹果；C. peaches桃子；D. dates日期。根据前文“Showing him a 　　8　　 tomato plant”可知，老师又给他看了另外的番茄。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是即使以前有失败也不放弃种植植物的结果。A. motive动机；B. cause起因；C. result结果；D. activity活动。根据下文“I again sowed seeds and took care of them and this time plants grew.”可知，这些大的红色的西红柿是老师不放弃的结果。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有停止，我再次播下种子并悉心照料，这次植物长了起来。A. drop落下；B. harvest收获；C. select选择；D. stop停止。根据下文“I again sowed seeds and took care of them and this time plants grew.”可知，老师没有停止努力。故选D。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相似地，如果你坚持做正确的事情，你成功的机会就会大大增加。A. Similarly相似地；B. Generally笼统地；C. Importantly重要地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据前文和下文“if you keep doing the right things consistently, your 　　17　　 of getting success are greatly increased”可知，坚持做正确的事情，成功的可能性大大提高与不怕失败坚持种植番茄最后会有收获是相似的。故选A。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. abilities能力；B. chances可能性；C. options选择；D. feelings感情。根据前文“if you keep doing the right things consistently”可知，持之以恒地做正确的事情，成功的可能会大大提高。故选B。
38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但如果你因为一两次失败就放弃了，那么生活就不会给你任何回报。A. break down崩溃；B. settle down安顿下来；C. turn up出现；D. give up放弃。结合上文Ramu放弃工作以及下文“because of one or two failures”可知，此处说的是放弃。故选D。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. challenge挑战；B. surprise吃惊；C. reward回报；D. honor荣誉。根据前文“if you keep doing the right things consistently, your 　　17　　 of getting success are greatly increased. But”可知，前后文是转折关系，坚持不懈会增加成功的可能，如果因为一两个失败就放弃，就不会有回报。故选C。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他明白自己必须做什么，于是带着新的活力离开了。A. understood理解；B. forgot忘记；C. denied拒绝；D. believed相信。根据前文“Ramu had now read the lesson of success.”可知，Ramu读懂了成功的教训，因此他理解了他必须做什么。故选A。

41．or 42．precisely 43．weighing 44．larger 45．is 46．which 47．itself 48．equipment 49．to reduce 50．a

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国商业运载火箭迎来的一个新成员：智能龙3号，或称“捷龙3号”并介绍了这个运载火箭的特点等。
41．考查连词。句意：中国的商业运载火箭迎来了这个大家庭的新成员，智能龙3号，或称“捷龙3号”，成功地从黄海水域飞行，将14颗卫星精确地送入指定轨道。根据句中的“a new member”和“its”可知，Smart Dragon-3和Jielong-3是一个运载火箭的两个不同的名字，因此之间是选择关系。故填or。
42．考查副词。句意：中国的商业运载火箭迎来了这个大家庭的新成员，智能龙3号，或称“捷龙3号”，成功地从黄海水域飞行，将14颗卫星精确地送入指定轨道。修饰动词sending应该用副词作状语。故填precisely。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：该运载火箭由国有的中国运载火箭技术研究院研制，重约140吨，是一种总长度约31米的运载火箭。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰The vehicle，The vehicle 和动词weigh为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填weighing。
44．考查形容词。句意：它能够将1.5吨的有效载荷发送到50公里的轨道，拥有更大的鼻锥，可以为有效载荷提供更多的空间和多样化的发射模式，并且更具成本效益。在句中修饰名词cone判断用形容词，再根据even判断用比较级形式。故填larger。
45．考查谓语动词。句意：它能够将1.5吨的有效载荷发送到50公里的轨道，拥有更大的鼻锥，可以为有效载荷提供更多的空间和多样化的发射模式，并且更具成本效益。根据and判断设空处在句中和is，has作并列谓语，主语是It。故填is
46．考查定语从句。句意：中国的海上发射历史上一直是冷发射，在启动火箭发动机之前，使用压缩空气、蒸汽或气体驱动的助推器将运载工具发射到一定的高度。分析句子结构可知，先行词为cold launches，从句中缺少主语成分，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。故填which。
47．考查代词。句意：这一次，智能龙-3利用自己的发动机将自己推出发射单元。根据空后的its判断此处是指Smart Dragon-3用自己的发动机把自己推送出舱，所以为反身代词itself的填入。故填itself。
48．考查名词。句意：虽然热发射期间的极端高温将对船上的设备造成一些损坏，但中国已经发展了通过对船舶进行耐温处理来减少这种影响的能力。本句缺少介词to的宾语，故填名词形式equipment。故填equipment。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然热发射期间的极端高温将对船上的设备造成一些损坏，但中国已经发展了通过对船舶进行耐温处理来减少这种影响的能力。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配：the ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”。故填to reduce。
50．考查冠词。句意：在这次任务中送入轨道的14颗卫星中有火炬1号卫星，这颗卫星将用于在微重力条件下进行微生物生长的观测。根据句意可知，此处是名词短语作同位语，表示泛指概念，结合satellite为首音节为辅音音素，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。
51．1.held前加was
2.where→which
3.the psychology professor中的the改为a
4.what→how
5.analyzes→analyzed
6.but→and
7.去掉to
8.member→members
9.relaxing→relaxed
10.high→highly
【导语】本文是一片记叙文。主要讲述了学校举办的心理健康活动及其意义。
【详解】1.考查被动语态。句意：上周二，我校举办了心理健康活动，帮助学生缓解学习压力。主语activity与谓语held之间为被动关系。故held前加was。
2.考查定语从句。句意：该活动由心理学俱乐部组织，有心理问题的学生可以向该俱乐部寻求帮助。turn to the psychology club for help向心理社团求助。先行词club在从句中作宾语。故where改为which。
3.考查冠词。句意：首先，一位 心理学教授陈老师就如何缓解学习压力进行了演讲。Mr. Chen与psychology professor为同位关系。因为第一次提及，为泛指。故the改为a。
4.考查疑问副词。句意：首先，心理学教授陈老师就如何缓解学习压力进行了演讲。how to do sth.如何做某事。故what改为how。
5.考查过去时。句意：他分析了学生可能遇到的最常见的心理问题，并且提出了一些有价值的建议。根据首句Last Tuesday可知，全文叙述过去发生的事，都是过去时。故analyzes改为analyzed。
6.考查连词。句意：他分析了学生可能遇到的最常见的心理问题，并且提出了一些有价值的建议。前后句之间为并列关系，表示“并且”。故but改为and。
7.考查不定式。句意：所有同学都聚精会神地听着，受益匪浅。listened to后面没有宾语，因此to多余。故去掉to。
8.考查名词复数。句意：然后，心理学俱乐部的成员表演了一出短剧。该处“member(成员)”为复数意义。故member改为members。
9.考查过去分词。句意：学生们在精神上和身体上都得到了放松。got relaxed得到放松。故relaxing改为relaxed。
10.考查副词。句意：这项活动被全校高度评价。be thought highly of受到高度评价。故high改为highly。
52．One possible version:
Community Service
Community service is a good way to help others. I volunteer my free time a lot so that I can make my community a better place.
Each month, I put in many hours doing different kinds of service. I often help with tutoring children after school, and collecting school supplies to donate every week. Sometimes, I pick up trash along many main roads, or help plant trees in gardens. Last week, I visited residents of a retirement center and helped deliver meals to senior citizens with other volunteers.
Community service or volunteerism enables us to acquire life skills and knowledge as well as provides a service to those who need it most. I believe we can live in harmony in the community through our efforts.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。题目要求考生以“Community Service”为题写一篇短文，向校英语报投稿，需叙述自己的社区服务经历，并分享感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
不错的，很好的：good→fine, satisfactory, superior
帮助：help→assist, aid, do sb. a favor, give sb. a hand
花时间做……：put in some time in (doing) sth.→devote some time to (doing) sth., dedicate some time to (doing) sth.
各种各样的：different kinds of→a variety of, a range of
拜访：visit→pay a visit to, make a visit to
获得：acquire→gain, obtain, attain
需要：need→be in need of, have need of, call for, require
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last week, I visited residents of a retirement center and helped deliver meals to senior citizens with other volunteers.
拓展句：Last week, I visited residents of a retirement center where I helped deliver meals to senior citizens with other volunteers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I volunteer my free time a lot so that I can make my community a better place.（运用了so that引导目的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Community service or volunteerism enables us to acquire life skills and knowledge as well as provides a service to those who need it most.（运用了who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词those）
【高分句型3】I believe we can live in harmony in the community through our efforts.（运用了that引导名词性从句作believe的宾语并省略了that）