精品解析：辽宁省鞍山市普通高中2022-2023学年高二下学期第三次月考英语（A卷）试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：辽宁省鞍山市普通高中2022-2023学年高二下学期第三次月考英语（A卷）试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022—2023学年度六月月考
高二英语(A)
时间：120分钟分数：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分〉
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want?
A. Cups. B. Notebooks. C. Carpet cleaners.
2. How docs the man find the problem?
A. Quite difficult. B. Very interesting. C. Too simple.
3. What does Paul want to do?
A. Save money. B. Study abroad. C. Change his job.
4. What docs the man mean?
A. Tony always worries a lot.
B. Tony likes riding bikes.
C. Tony is expert at repairing bikes.
5. What docs the woman suggest doing?
A. Finding a volunteer. B. Clearing up together. C. Helping prepare the party.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why does the woman come to see Rick?
A. To say goodbye. B. To get some advice. C. To invite him to her home.
7. Which country would the woman like to visit?
A. Canada. B. France. C. Germany.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Whom will the man meet on Saturday?
A. Hebe. B. Daniel. C. His cousin.
9. What docs the woman want the man to do?
A. Attend her birthday party. B. See her off at the airport. C. Invite Daniel to dinner.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What are the speakers preparing for?
A. A festival. B. A camping trip. C. A birthday party.
11. What can the man cook?
A. Fruit salad. B. Fried eggs. C. Chicken wings.
12. What fruit docs the woman want to buy?
A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Peaches.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Where are the speakers?
A. In a hospital. B. In a gym. C. In a park.
14. What happened to the woman yesterday?
A. She fell off the bed. B. She had trouble in breathing. C. She almost died of heart disease.
15. What was the woman’s decision?
A. Changing her lifestyle. B. Drinking less coffee. C. Seeing the doctor regularly.
16. What annoys the woman most?
A. Having scary dreams. B. Giving up fried chips. C. Getting up early.
听下面一段独白, 回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. A teacher. B. An editor. C. student.
18. What is necessary for a volunteer?
A. Communication skills. B. High scores. C. Experience.
19. What’s the best reason for taking the job?
A. To learn to write. B. To make money. C. To have fun.
20. When are volunteers expected to start working?
A Right after the meeting. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Next week.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Give a little sunshine!
The Council on Aging(COA)runs a telephone friendship project called the Sunshine Call Program, matching over-60s with a friendly volunteer for a daily chat over the phone. The aim is simple -- to help ease the loneliness and repair social networks.
Sheila, 77, a retired teacher, lived alone. She has been receiving calls from Rianne, a volunteer, for over two months.
“Talking to Rianne is something I really look forward to -- a breath of fresh air. We talk about everything -- theatre, her work, books we’ve read. . . Listening to someone else’s life enriches you and gives you something positive to focus on.”
“At the beginning, I had no expectation of how the phone calls would go, but it’s wonderful that it’s led to a genuine friendship. Rianne helps me a lot...”
Are you ready to add a little sunshine to a senior’s life?
The Sunshine Call Program initially links a volunteer with an isolated(独居的)senior for a daily call. When comfortable, the volunteer introduces a second senior to the call. Then another, until there are four seniors to one volunteer on what is essentially a conference call. Without having to leave the house, you will help the seniors meet and make new friends. They will then exchange phone numbers to chat on their own and reduce their isolation.
What are the volunteer qualifications?
Volunteers must have access to the Internet and be willing to be trained on the use of a chat app. COA will provide all supplies required to make the calls. Besides, volunteers must agree to participate in monthly meetings with other volunteers and guest speakers. All volunteers must be willing to provide a recent Criminal Record Cheek, the cost of which will be borne by COA. And the most important volunteer qualification is a sense of caring and a desire to help seniors in the community!
If you wish to volunteer with our Sunshine Call program, never hesitate! Just CLICK HERE to fill out the application form.
1. Why does the passage mention Sheila’s experience?
A. To show her loneliness. B. To share a sweet memory.
C. To stress the value of the program. D. To praise Rianne’s kindness.
2. One of the responsibilities is______.
A. making weekly calls to seniors B. visiting seniors during holidays
C. introducing new friends to seniors D. teaching seniors to use smart phones
3. 1f you want to be a volunteer, what are you required to do?
A. Learn the use of a chat app. B. Prepare a computer by yourself.
C. Offer a letter of recommendation. D. Have relevant working experience.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了老年人事务委员会推出的“阳光呼叫计划”，该计划为60岁以上的老人匹配友好的志愿者，每天通过电话聊天，旨在缓解老年人的孤独，修复他们的社交网络。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格第三段“At the beginning, I had no expectation of how the phone calls would go, but it’s wonderful that it’s led to a genuine friendship. Rianne helps me a lot...”（一开始，我没有预料到这些通话会如何发展，但很高兴它带来了一段真正的友谊。Rianne帮了我很多……）可知，Sheila通过该项目缓解了孤独，与志愿者的通话使她更加乐观开朗，也建立了积极的人际关系，Sheila的经历证明了该项目具有重要的意义和价值。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Are you ready to add a little sunshine to a senior’s life?”中“When comfortable, the volunteer introduces a second senior to the call. Then another, until there are four seniors to one volunteer on what is essentially a conference call. Without having to leave the house, you will help the seniors meet and make new friends.”（当电话交流变得舒适自在时，志愿者会介绍另一位年长者加入。然后是第三个，直到有四名年长者配对一名志愿者参加，这个本质上是电话会议。不用离开家，你就可以帮助老年人认识和结交新朋友。）可知，志愿者需要引进另外三名老人共同参与电话会谈，使老人可以结识新朋友。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Volunteers must have access to the Internet and be willing to be trained on the use of a chat app.”（志愿者必须能够上网，并愿意接受使用聊天应用程序的培训。）可知，志愿者需要接受培训，学会使用聊天程序。故选A项。
B
In 2018, a severe drought brought Cape Town close to “Day Zero”, when it could have become the world’s first major city to run out of water. Dam levels in South Africa’s Western Cape fell to below a fifth of capacity and the province suffered its worst water crisis in 100 years.
“The water supply was dwindling and it just wasn’t raining,” recalls Thinus Booysen, a professor at Stellenbosch University, who had created a device in 2015 designed to help homeowners cut their power usage. Seeking to reduce water waste, Booysen figured he could adapt the device to measure water usage instead of electricity use.
Soon, Booysen launched a start-up, Bridging the Internet of Things (BridgloT), to develop his idea. Called Count Dropula, the device reports water usage once a minute while many conventional devices only record data once an hour. The system uses an app in the user’s cellphone and sends short messages in real time. “Within minutes, we would be able to tell the user, ‘Something has burst, or something is leaking,’” he says.
Then Booysen discovered that a key issue was maintenance (维修), with the poorest schools using by far the most water. Leaking toilets could waste 1,000 liters of water per day. “We found that the biggest problems are things like children not closing taps properly, but often that would be because the taps just don’t close,” Booysen explains. During the test, the invention saved one school more than three million liters of water in three months. Another reduced its water usage 55 percent in four months.
Businesses including Cape Talk radio station and Africa’s largest food company, Shoprite, became sponsors, partnering with the Western Cape Education Department to install (安装) test devices in 350 schools. They saved more than $2.7 million and almost 550 million liters of water in 17 months. Booysen has looked at expanding to government buildings, hospitals and hotels. There are plans to roll out the device across Africa.
4. What does the underlined word “dwindling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Beginning B. Continuing.
C. Expanding. D. Decreasing.
5. Which words can best describe Booysen?
A. Proud and determined.
B. Cautious and friendly.
C. Creative and caring.
D. Ambitious but generous.
6. What do we know about Count Dropula?
A. It works smartly to help save water.
B. It was designed by Booysen in 2015.
C. It will soon be tested in 350 schools.
D. It cuts power usage efficiently.
7. What will Booysen probably do next?
A. He will become a member of Shoprite.
B. He will further promote his new invention.
C. He will stop water pollution in Cape Town.
D. He will travel around Africa for better ideas.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。针对城市缺水的现象，布伊森发明了一种设备，旨在帮助房主减少用水。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据首段首句“In 2018, a severe drought brought Cape Town close to “Day Zero”, when it could have become the world’s first major city to run out of water. (2018年，一场严重的干旱使开普敦接近“归零日”，届时开普敦可能成为世界上第一个缺水的大城市。)”以及第二段首句““The water supply was dwindling and it just wasn’t raining,” recalls Thinus Booysen, a professor at Stellenbosch University, who had created a device in 2015 designed to help homeowners cut their power usage. (斯泰伦博斯大学教授蒂努斯·布伊森回忆说：“供水正在 ，而且就是不下雨。”)”可知，开普敦可能成为世界上第一个缺水的大城市，故可推知，供水是在“下降”的。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““The water supply was dwindling and it just wasn’t raining,” recalls Thinus Booysen, a professor at Stellenbosch University, who had created a device in 2015 designed to help homeowners cut their power usage. Seeking to reduce water waste, Booysen figured he could adapt the device to measure water usage instead of electricity use. (斯泰伦博斯大学教授蒂努斯·布伊森回忆说:“供水正在减少，而且就是不下雨。”布伊森在2015年发明了一种设备，旨在帮助房主减少用水。为了减少水的浪费，Booysen认为他可以调整这个装置来测量用水量而不是用电量。)”可知，布伊森发明了一种设备，旨在帮助房主减少用水，说明他是关心他人的，而且是具有创造性的。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二三四句“Called Count Dropula, the device reports water usage once a minute while many conventional devices only record data once an hour. The system uses an app in the user’s cellphone and sends short messages in real time. “Within minutes, we would be able to tell the user, ‘Something has burst, or something is leaking,’” he says. (这种被称为Count Dropula的设备每分钟报告一次用水量，而许多传统设备每小时只记录一次数据。该系统使用用户手机中的应用程序，实时发送短信。他说：“在几分钟内，我们就能告诉用户，‘有东西破裂了，或者有东西漏水了。’”)”可知，Count Dropula的设备每分钟报告一次用水量，并且能及时通知用户漏水，能够很智能地帮助用户省水。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据末段末句“There are plans to roll out the device across Africa. (该公司计划在整个非洲推广该设备。)”可知，布伊森会进一步在非洲推广他的设备。故选B。
C
Fire ants dig tunnels efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work. Free-loaders just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done. But might freeloaders actually be necessary for society to function efficiently? The answer could be yes.
Fire ants are highly social organisms. So, Goldman, a physicist at Georgia Tech, and his colleagues wanted to know how individual ants knew what to do without a central leader issuing orders. To find out, Goldman's team labeled individual fire ants with paint and then watched them dig their narrow tunnels —barely wide enough for two workers. Turns out, just 30 percent of the ants did 70 percent of the labor. “I was surprised that we ended up with so few workers actually doing the work at any one time. ” A quarter of the ants never even entered the tunnel. Others crawled inside, but left without digging single grain of dirt. These idling behaviors ensured the tunnels did not get clogged with insect traffic, which would make the construction process stop.
And when the scientists removed the five hardest working ants from the colony, others immediately jumped in to compensate (补偿) — with no reduction in the group's productivity. It seems that it doesn’t matter which ants are working or freeloading at a given time, as long as there is some division of labor to keep the tunnels flowing smoothly. The findings are in the journal Science.
The study could have implications for robotics. Imagine groups of robots sent to search rubble (碎石) for disaster survivors. Or nanobots (纳米机器人) coursing through our bodies to diagnose illness and deliver targeted medical treatment. Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spaces. It might be necessary to program them so some just sit back and watch their comrades work.
8. How do fire ants get the work done when digging tunnels?
A. Only the leaders do most of the work.
B. They all work under the order of one leader.
C. They all cooperate together to do the work efficiently.
D. Individual fire ants know their tasks and work efficiently.
9. The underlined word “clogged ” in the second paragraph can be replaced by _______.
A. crowded B. transported
C. organized D. covered
10. What will happen if the hardest-working ants are taken away?
A. The ants will have no idea what to do.
B. Other ants will take their place and do the work.
C. The tunnels will get blocked and the work will stop.
D. The leader will compensate them and give them food as the reward.
11. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. fire ants are the most diligent insects.
B. scientists may diagnose illness more easily.
C. people may feel happy when they watch their colleagues do nothing.
D. scientists can deal with robotics better when coming to specific programs.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现，火蚁群体的生产力高，在挖掘洞穴的过程中，只有一少部分参与其中，而其他火蚁不作为。这一发现可以应用于机器人技术。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Fire ants dig tunnels efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work. Free-loaders just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done.(火蚁只靠一小部分来高效地挖掘地道，而这一部分火蚁做着大部分的工作。大部分火蚁只是坐在那里，而主要靠它们的辛勤工作的同伴完成工作)”由此可知，火蚁的挖掘工作只是由少部分火蚁完成的，并且效率很高，大部分的火蚁却什么都不做。故此题选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据所猜词的前一句“Others crawled inside, but left without digging single grain of dirt.(其他的火蚁爬进去了，但没有挖一粒土就离开了)”以及后面的定语从句“which would make the construction process stop(这会让建设过程停止)”可知，这样做的目的是为了让挖掘顺利进行下去，不让洞穴发生交通堵塞。由此推断出“clogged”的意思是堵塞、拥挤。A. crowded拥挤；B. transported运输；C. organized组织D. covered覆盖。故此题选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段第一句“And when the scientists removed the five hardest working ants from the colony, others immediately jumped in to compensate — with no reduction in the group's productivity(当科学家们把这五只工作最努力的蚂蚁从蚁群中移走后，其他蚂蚁立即跳出来进行补偿，而群体的生产力却没有下降)”可知，当工作最认真的火蚁被移走后，其他的火蚁会立刻补上，从而保证生产顺利进行。故此题选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The study could have implications for robotics(这项研究可能会对机器人学产生影响)”和所举的“search rubble for disaster survivors(在碎石中搜寻灾难幸存者)”和“diagnose illness and deliver targeted medical treatment(诊断疾病并提供有针对性的治疗)”的事例可知，对火蚁的研究成果将运用到机器人的具体的项目之中。然后根据“Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spaces. It might be necessary to program them so some just sit back and watch their comrades work.(这样的机器人群体需要避免在狭小的空间里被卡住。可能有必要对他们进行规划，让一些人坐下来看着其他人工作)”可知，运用火蚁的研究的成果，可以将机器人的工作进行优化。由此可以推断出，科学家将火蚁的研究成果运用到机器人的具体项目中，可以更好地处理机器人技术。故此题选D。
D
Scientists from Deakin University in Australia have traced how about 30 species changed across various time periods in response to rising temperatures. They searched through nearly 100 past studies by other researchers, and tracked comparisons that date back a century or two in some cases. They found many creatures are changing the sizes and shapes of certain body parts.
“Warm-blooded animals in the wild rely on their own bodies to avoid overheating. They release heat through their appendages (肢体),” explains Sara Ryding, who led the study. For little creatures. like mice, tails do the job. For birds, their bills (喙) do the work.
The animals’ shape-shifting changes make sense, researchers say. In biology, an established concept called Bergmann’s rule shows that creatures that live in colder climates tend to be larger and thicker than those closer to the equator (赤道). Later, a biologist, Joel Asaph Allen further expanded the concept, saying that animals that adapted to cold climates have shorter limbs (肢) and bodily appendages — to keep the warmth in. For similar reasons, in hotter climates, warm-blooded animals"appendages become larger, relative to their body size. Larger appendages can help animals release more heat into the surrounding air.
Ryding’s team also conducted various field studies. One of them measured the bills of Galapagos finches from 2003 to 2011 and found they enlarged in response to temperature rises. Other data the researchers analyzed focused on European rabbits, which were brought to Australia and settled in areas with different weather. Those that found themselves in hotter places developed longer ears over time.
However, the researchers aren’t sure whether this shape-shifting is a good development. If larger ears or bills can help the animal cool off, that’s a good thing. But certain changes may damage some creatures’ ability to hunt for food. “If you’re a hummingbird and your bill is getting broader and wider, it may become too large to effectively feed on flowers where you’ re drawing your nutrition from,” says Ryding.
12. How did the scientists carry out their study?
A. By experimenting in the wild. B. By referring to previous data.
C. By exploring a variety of fields. D. By collecting information worldwide.
13. Why is Bergmann’s rule mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. To offer background information. B. To raise doubts about a concept.
C. To stress the role of weather changes. D. To explain the researchers’ findings.
14. What do the researchers want to find out about animals’ shape-shifting changes?
A. Their rules. B. Their reason. C. Their effects. D. Their frequency.
15. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Animals are good at surviving tough situations.
B. Animals base their body changes on their environments.
C. Climate change forces animals to change their habitats.
D. It is wise of animals to use their different body parts effectively.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现有些动物通过改变身体某些部位的大小和形状来应对气温上升。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They searched through nearly 100 past studies by other researchers, and tracked comparisons that date back a century or two in some cases.(他们搜索了其他研究人员过去的近100项研究，并追踪了一两个世纪前的案例的比较)”可知，科学家是通过参考先前的数据展开研究的。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The animals’ shape-shifting changes make sense, researchers say. In biology, an established concept called Bergmann’s rule shows that creatures that live in colder climates tend to be larger and thicker than those closer to the equator (赤道).(研究人员说，动物的形状变化是有道理的。在生物学上，一个被称为伯格曼法则的概念表明，生活在寒冷气候中的生物往往比生活在赤道附近的生物更大更厚)”可知，提到伯格曼法则是为了解释研究人员的这一发现。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, the researchers aren’t sure whether this shape-shifting is a good development.(然而，研究人员并不确定这种身形变化是否是一种好的发展)”可知，研究人员想找出动物身形变化的影响。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Scientists from Deakin University in Australia have traced how about 30 species changed across various time periods in response to rising temperatures.(澳大利亚迪肯大学的科学家追踪了大约30种物种在不同时期对气温上升的反应)”及“They found many creatures are changing the sizes and shapes of certain body parts.(他们发现许多生物正在改变身体某些部位的大小和形状)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员发现有些动物通过改变身体某些部位的大小和形状来应对气温上升，即：动物根据环境改变身形。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A high school student has a science test on Monday but spends most of the weekend playing video games and does not start studying until late Sunday night. This kind of avoiding or delaying of work that needs to be done is called procrastination (拖沓). It has been said that up to 95% people procrastinate at least sometimes, and about 20% of them do it too much. ____16____
The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task. Research shows that people put off tasks they find unpleasant. Someone who loves bicycles might not delay fixing a tire, while someone who does not may put it off.
____17____For example, those who have low expectations of success are more likely to delay starting a job. On the other hand, those who believe they can perform well take on challenging tasks rather than avoid them.
____18____learn might not seem useful to the present. Sometimes, it is hard to see the benefit of making an effort when the ward is too far away.____19____
Lastly, another factor is whether or not people can use self-control. Those who have less self-control can easily be drawn away from their work. Interestingly, age is said to be associated with self-control.____20____.
If procrastination is a problem for you, the first step to reducing it is identifying the reasons behind it. It is only by understanding the roots of your problem that you can choose the appropriate method for yourself.
A. Besides, there is a link between procrastination and how long people must wait before they see the reward for an effort.
B. Research shows that the older people become, the less likely they are to delay doing their work until the last minute.
C. In addition, the amount of confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to procrastination
D. As it is common to most people, how to avoid procrastination has become a major concern.
E. What's more, it has been argued that too much confidence can also lead to procrastination.
F. Although researchers do not agree on all the reasons behind procrastination, there is general agreement about some factors that can explain it.
G. This can explain why many people do not start saving money for their old age when they are young.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇选句填空。文章介绍了导致人们拖延的一些因素。
【16题详解】
上文提到很多人都有工作拖延的问题。根据下一段第一句The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task.(第一个因素是人们认为一项任务是否令人满意)以及倒数第二段中的Lastly, another factor…可知，第二段作者开始探讨导致人们拖延的原因。该空承上启下，结合选项，F项（尽管研究人员对拖延症背后的所有原因并没有达成一致，但对一些可以解释拖延的因素却有普遍的共识）符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
上一段介绍了导致人们拖延症的第一个因素。那么，该段应继续介绍导致人们拖延的另一个因素。根据空后内容（例如，那些对成功的期望较低的人更有可能推迟开始工作。另一方面，那些相信自己能够出色完成任务的人会接受具有挑战性的任务，而不是逃避它们）可知，该段应该探讨的是人们完成任务的自信心和拖延的关系。结合选项，C项（此外，他们对自己完成任务能力的自信程度也与拖延有关）切题语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
第二和第三段介绍了导致人们拖延的两个因素。该段承接上文，应继续介绍导致人们拖延的因素。结合空后内容（现在看来，学习似乎没什么用。有时候，当距离太远时，很难看出努力的好处）可知，该段应该介绍的是努力的结果出现的时间和人们拖延之间的关系。结合选项，A项（此外，拖延症和人们必须等多久才能看到努力的回报是有联系的）符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
空前提到：有时候，当距离太远时，很难看出努力的好处。该空承接上文，结合选项，G项（这可以解释为什么许多人在年轻的时候不开始存钱养老）符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
空前提到：有趣的是，据说年龄与自我控制有关。该空承接上文，应该继续探讨年龄和拖延的关系，B项（研究表明，年纪越大的人越不可能把工作拖到最后一分钟）符合语境。故选B。
【易错分析】第2题学生可能会误选E。有的学生可能会根据选项中的confidence和选项中的confidence的一致性而误选。实际上，C选项和E选项中都提到confidence，考生还应结合空后具体语境来判断哪个选项更合适。根据空后内容（例如，那些对成功的期望较低的人更有可能推迟开始工作。另一方面，那些相信自己能够出色完成任务的人会接受具有挑战性的任务，而不是逃避它们）可知，该段应该探讨的是人们完成任务的自信心和拖延的关系。结合选项，C项（此外，他们对自己完成任务能力的自信程度也与拖延有关）切题语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
My son Darcy, 10, begged “No more needles”, tears rolling down his cheeks. Seeing him so ___21___ broke my heart. Darcy had a surgery and the needle would provide a blood transfusion (输血). It looked like the ___22___ was successful, but Darcy only got sicker.
Darcy often asked, “Mom, when can I see my ___23___?” “Soon, sweetie,” I’d reply. But with a weak immune (免疫的) system, it was ___24___ for him to return to school. At first, my words seemed ___25___ but as the months passed, I watched as Darcy became ___26___. While he was in hospital, his friends were enjoying their lives without him. I could ___27___ he was giving up.
I consulted the school about ___28___ Darcy’s education in the hope of creating more ___29___ for him and I got the reply “If he’s well enough”. At that point, I wondered if this had happened to thousands of kids around the country. _____30_____, a year later, Darcy got better enough to go back to school!
One day, I talked with some friends, who had _____31_____ kids too. We all agreed that there should be a way to keep them in the classroom _____32_____ with their mates, even if they can’t _____33_____ be there. Later, we got to know some sort of robot, which could just _____34_____ the need. I then became a fundraiser and finally launched a national pilot program. A mother’s pure love now _____35_____ to all children.
21. A. embarrassed B. upset C. rigid D. confused
22. A. procedure B. project C. medicine D. experiment
23. A. doctors B. cousins C. classmates D. pets
24. A. natural B. necessary C. practical D. risky
25. A. supportive B. misleading C. awkward D. familiar
26. A. convinced B. withdrawn C. determined D. mean
27. A. sense B. promise C. argue D. question
28 A. reforming B. promoting C. assessing D. continuing
29. A. excuses B. connections C. images D. rights
30. A. Admittedly B. Similarly C. Thankfully D. Generally
31. A. spoiled B. adopted C. sick D. difficult
32. A. socializing B. competing C. struggling D. quarreling
33. A. willingly B. secretly C. physically D. casually
34. A. stand up for B. break away from C. come up with D. fit in with
35. A. occurs B. extends C. appeals D. belongs
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的儿子达西因为生病不能重返学校而变得孤僻。作者希望有一种方法让生病的孩子留在教室里与同伴社交，即使他们不能亲自到场。后来，一种机器人正好适合作者的需要。然后作者成为了一名筹款人，并最终启动了一个全国试点项目。母亲的纯洁之爱现在延伸到所有的孩子身上。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到他如此沮丧，我心碎了。A. embarrassed尴尬；B. upset难过的；沮丧的；C. rigid坚硬的；刻板的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“My son Darcy, 10, begged “No more needles”, tears rolling down his cheeks(我10岁的儿子达西恳求“不要再打针头了”，眼泪顺着脸颊往下流)”可知，看到达西如此难过，我心碎了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术看起来很成功，但达西的病情只会加重。 A. procedure过程；手术；B. project项目；课题；C. medicine药物；D. experiment试验。根据上文“had a surgery”可知，此处指手术看起来成功。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：达西经常问：“妈妈，我什么时候能见到我的同学？”A. doctors医生；B. cousins表亲；C. classmates同学；D. pets宠物。根据下文“return to school”可知，达西他什么时候能见到他的同学。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但由于免疫系统较弱，他重返学校是有风险的。A. natural自然的；B. necessary必要的；C. practical实用的；D. risky有风险的。根据上文“with a weak immune (免疫的) system”可知，重返学校是有风险的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我的话似乎很支持，但几个月过去了，我看着达西变得孤僻。A. supportive支持的；B. misleading误导的；C. awkward局促不安的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Soon, sweetie”以及下文“but”后的内容可知，起初我的话似乎很支持。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词xxZx词义辨析。句意：同上。A. convinced相信的；B. withdrawn沉默寡言的；C. determined坚决的；D. mean吝啬的；小气的。根据下文“his friends were enjoying their lives without him”可知，此处指达西变得孤僻。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到他在放弃。A. sense感觉；B. promise许诺；C. argue争论；D. question质疑。根据语境可知，作者感觉到儿子在放弃。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向学校咨询了继续接受达西教育的事宜，希望能为他建立更多的联系，得到的回答是“如果他足够好的话”。A. reforming改革；B. promoting促进；C. assessing评估；D. continuing继续。根据下文“___10___, a year later, Darcy got better enough to go back to school!”可知，我向学校咨询了继续接受达西教育的事宜。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. excuses借口；B. connections联系；C. images形象；D. rights权利。根据下文“keep them in the classroom ___12___ with their mates”可知，作者希望能为儿子建立更多的联系。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，一年后，达西恢复了健康，可以回到学校了！A. Admittedly公认地；B. Similarly类似地；C. Thankfully感激地；D. Generally通常地。根据下文“a year later, Darcy got better enough to go back to school”可知，达西恢复健康回到学校是值得庆幸的。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我和一些朋友聊天，他们也有生病的孩子。A. spoiled溺爱的；B. adopted收养的；C. sick生病的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文“Darcy had a surgery and the needle would provide a blood transfusion (输血).”可知，达西生病了。所以我和一些朋友聊天，他们也有生病的孩子。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都同意，应该有一种方法让他们留在教室里与同伴社交，即使他们不能亲自到场。A. socializing社交；B. competing竞争；C. struggling挣扎；D. quarreling争吵。根据上文“when can I see my ___3___”以及下文“with their mates”可知，达西渴望回到学校跟同学进行社交联系。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. willingly乐意地；B. secretly 悄悄地；C. physically身体地；实质地；D. casually漫不经心地。根据语境可知，此处指他们不能亲自到场。physically指“身体地；实际上”，符合语境。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，我们认识了某种机器人，它正好适合我们需要。A. stand up for支持；捍卫；B. break away from挣脱；脱离；C. come up with想出；提出；D. fit in with适应；融和。根据语境可知，这种机器人正好适合我们的需要。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲的纯洁之爱现在延伸到所有的孩子身上。A. occurs发生；B. extends延申；C. appeals呼吁；D. belongs属于。根据下文“to all children”可知，此处指母亲的纯洁之爱现在延伸到所有的孩子身上。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jingxi Taiping Drum is a traditional form of dancing that is popular in Mentougou District of Beijing. The earliest historical references of this art ___36___ (date) back to the Spring and Autumn Period and describe how it was ___37___ (initial) used in ceremonies to drive away bad spirits and pray for good fortune. During the Qing Dynasty, the drums were also played on the New Year’s Eve of the lunar calendar at the imperial palace. ___38___ consequence, the performance also became known as the “New Year Drum” by Beijingers. Nowadays, this type of drum dance is commonly seen ___39___ (perform) during the last and first month of the lunar year in many local festive activities, thus ___40___ (express) people’s hope of a peaceful and prosperous (繁荣的) year to come.
A Taiping Drum is usually made up of a shell, a cloth skin, and a handle with ___41___ handful of decorative rings, and this single-sided drum is usually played with a wooden mallet (木槌). Traditional Chinese aesthetic (美学的) concepts ___42___ (reflect) in the drum playing, pace and formation changes, all of ___43___ represent distinctive local features.
With its great ___44___ (popular), the Jingxi Taiping Drum dance has been performed in local villages as well as on national and international ____45____ (stage). Today, the time-honored folk art is being taken up by the young generation and is presenting its lively artistic charm.
【答案】36. date
37. initially
38. In 39. performed
40. expressing
41. a 42. are reflected
43. which 44. popularity
45. stages
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了流行于北京门头沟区的传统舞蹈形式——京西太平鼓。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这门艺术最早的历史参考可以追溯到春秋时期，并描述了它最初是如何被用于驱邪和祈求好运的仪式的。表示“追溯到……”常用一般现在时态，主语中心词是historical references，复数，故谓语动词用动词原形。故填date。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。initial的副词形式为initially，意为“起初”。故填initially。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：因此，这场演出也被北京人称为“新年大鼓”。in consequence是固定短语，意为“结果；因此”，置于句首首字母应大写。故填In。
【39题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：如今，在许多当地的节日活动中，这种类型的鼓舞通常在农历的最后一个月和第一个月表演，从而表达了人们对来年和平繁荣的希望。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作主语补足语。主语this type of drum dance与perform是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填performed。
【40题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作结果状语。thus常与现在分词连用，表示自然而然的结果。故填expressing。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：太平鼓通常由一个外壳、一个布皮和一个带有少许带装饰环的把手组成，这种单面鼓通常用木槌演奏。a handful of 是固定短语，意为“一把；少许”，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：中国传统美学观念体现在鼓的演奏、节奏和形态的变化上，这些都代表了鲜明的地方特色。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时态。主语Traditional Chinese aesthetic (美学的) concepts与reflect是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填are reflected。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限定性定语从句。先行词是drum playing, pace and formation changes，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：京西太平鼓因其广受欢迎，已在当地村庄以及国家和国际舞台上表演。根据空格前的With its great可知，此处应填名词作宾语，popular的名词形式为popularity。故填popularity。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：同上。stage为可数名词，前无不定冠词修饰和限定，用复数形式作宾语。故填stages。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是红星中学学生会主席李华，学生会准备开展一次“人工智能与未来教育”的专家讲座活动。请你写一则英语通知发布到学校英文网站，号召同学们积极参加，内容包括：
1. 活动时间和地点；
2. 专家简介和讲座内容；
3. 报名方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hongxing High School
Notice
12th June, 2023
Lecture: AI and Tomorrow’s Education
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
Chairman of the Student Union
【答案】Hongxing High School
Notice
12th June, 2023
Lecture: AI and Tomorrow’s Education
The recent rapid development of AI technology has attracted many students’ attention, so a lecture with the theme “AI and Tomorrow’s Education” is scheduled to be held in our school auditorium from 1:45 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. on June 20th.
The lecture will be delivered by Professor Wu, a leading researcher in AI technology. Firstly, he will offer you a general picture of this technology, which can help you become familiar with its history and development. Secondly, how AI technology can be applied to and affect tomorrow’s education will be further explained. Furthermore, there will be a question-and-answer session for you to raise relevant questions and get answered.
If you are interested in this lecture, don’t miss it. You can register with the Student Union before June 16th.
Li Hua
Chairman of the Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生以学生会主席的身份发布一则“人工智能与未来教育”的专家讲座的通知，要求说明讲座的时间和地点，介绍主持讲座的专家的信息和讲座的内容，并提供报名方式，邀请同学们积极参与。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
吸引某人的关注：attract one’s attention→capture one’s eye/appeal to sb.
熟悉：be familiar with→familiarize oneself with/have a good knowledge of/have a good understanding of
影响：affect→influence/impact
解释：explain→explicate/clarify
此外，而且：furthermore→moreover/what is more
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The recent rapid development of AI technology has attracted many students’ attention, so a lecture with the theme “AI and Tomorrow’s Education” is scheduled to be held in our school auditorium from 1:45 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. on June 20th.
拓展句：Since the recent rapid development of AI technology has attracted many students’ attention, a lecture with the theme “AI and Tomorrow’s Education” is scheduled to be held in our school auditorium from 1:45 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. on June 20th.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, he will offer you a general picture of this technology, which can help you become familiar with its history and development.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Secondly, how AI technology can be applied to and affect tomorrow’s education will be further explained.（运用了how引导的主语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!”
Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs...How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up. This made them worried. “We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
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Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
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【答案】Berlin thought it was a good idea. When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods. Jack said, “What kind of tree should we pick for the walking stick?” Berlin thought for a moment and said, “I think we should choose a straight tree, so no knots will scratch grandpa’s hands.” Jack nodded his head in agreement. They found a straight tree and set to work. They cut the tree down, and with a knife they took the bark off. It was a wonderful tree, which was smooth and was just of the right size. They thought grandpa would love it.
Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. When grandpa took the cane, his hands shook with joy, thinking, “This is made by my grandsons themselves. How precious it is!” Jack said, “Grandpa, we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods.” Grandpa smiled and decided to give it a try so as not to make his grandchildren disappointed. He held the cane in his right hand and the arm of his chair in his left hand. He stood up with strength on his legs. Everyone was surprised and excited to see grandpa stand up. At that moment, Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandfather’s eye.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暑假即将来临，杰克和他的弟弟柏林去看望祖父母，他们却发现爷爷站不起来了，兄弟俩走进了森林，杰克突然想到了一个好主意，就是给爷爷做一根手杖。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“柏林认为这是个好主意。”可知，第一段可描写兄弟俩怎么做手杖。
②由第二段首句内容“杰克和伯林把手杖递给爷爷。”可知，第二段可描写爷爷拿到手杖后的反应。
2.续写线索：拿工具——做手杖——爷爷尝试站起来——众人反应
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拿：get/fetch
②砍下：cut down/chop down
③站起来：stand up/rise to one’s feet
情绪类
①高兴：joy/delight
②兴奋的：excited/thrilled
【点睛】[高分句型1]When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods.(由when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]It was a wonderful tree, which was smooth and was just of the right size.(由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1—5CABCB 6—10ABCAB 11—15BCCBA 16—20CBBCA