2022-2023学年湖北省荆荆襄宜四地七校考试联盟高一（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷

这是一份2022-2023学年湖北省荆荆襄宜四地七校考试联盟高一（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年湖北省荆荆襄宜四地七校考试联盟高一（下）期中英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Planning a trip can be easier through an online travel agency than if you handle each part of the planning on your own.These are our top choices.
●Booking.Com
Booking.com was founded in 1996 and has grown into an industry leader that stands out for being an all-in-one trip planning platform.From the website，you can compare and book your hotels，flights，and even airport taxis.It lists more than 28 million choices — you can find more choices per destination on Booking.com than any other online travel agency.
● Skyscanner
Find deals on airfare，hotels，and car rentals with Skyscanner，which was established in 2001 and uses a special engine to compare prices from all online travel agencies.The Search Everywhere button on the homepage offers a list of the cheapest flight deals for destinations both locally and across the world.
● Hopper
Hopper is a travel app available on iOS and Android that aims to help travelers save on airfare by using historical data and their own algorithm （计算程序） to predict when flights will be cheapest.Some newer features since the app's introduction in 2009 include freezing a price for a limited time — for an extra fee — as well as app-only discounts.The company claims a 95 percent accuracy rate at predicting （预测） flight rates a year ahead.
● I Like Local
Visit the website to look through a host of travel experiences in countries including Indonesia，Kenya，and Cambodia.The platform got its start in 2014 and has grown to 4，000 local hosts.100 percent of each booking fee goes to local hosts.Until now，16，000 travelers have booked with I Like Local.
1. Which online agency can offer the most choices of a destination？ ______
A. Booking.Com. B. Skyscanner. C. Hopper. D. I Like Local.
2. With Hopper，you can ______ .
A. give booking fee to local hosts.
B. compare prices with a special engine.
C. get discounts and accurately predicted hotel price.
D. freeze a price for a limited time with extra money.
3. Where can the text be found？ ______
A. In a novel. B. In a history book.
C. On a website. D. In an art magazine.
B
It was a dream born in fire.When Andrea Peterson was 5，she and her mother were trapped on the balcony of a burning building. "Throw the kid down!" said one of the firemen below，and little Andrea jumped into lifesaving arms and a lifelong goal.She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.
But in the early 1960's，little girls weren't even allowed to fantasize about such great dreams.She told that to the men who had saved her，and they laughed. "You'll be a good mommy，" the firemen told her. "You'll be a good teacher，maybe you'll be a nurse，but you can never be a fireman."
And then，as it tends to do，life didn't give her a chance to realize the dream.When Peterson was studying for a degree in aviation technology （航空技术）— the only female in her class，she met her husband，Dennis，a Vietnam vet who later developed cancer.Peterson spent 31 years caring for the man she loved and，in 2007，Dennis left the world.
At 61，She earned her emergency medical technician license （执照） and responded to fire calls with the ambulance （救护车）.It turned to be a life-and-death situation，and Peterson felt that long-ago childhood calling.She found that her years of caring for Dennis had prepared her for dealing with different hurts and ills.
A year later，she told her boss she wanted to be a firefighter.The fact that everyone else in her training team was between 18 and 21 didn't discourage her.She passed the writing test and she cleared the physical difficulties and finally，that little girl's dream became a reality.
Peterson knows that the window on her physical abilities won't stay open forever.But when interviewed，she said， "I worry a little when I get too old ...However，I did get my dream."
4. Why did Andrea Peterson want to be a firefighter？ ______
A. She narrowly escaped from the fire.
B. She was once rescued by firemen.
C. She wanted to live an adventurous life.
D. She was encouraged by her mother.
5. What happened to Peterson when she was 61？ ______
A. She carefully looked after her dying husband.
B. She joined in the training team to be a firefighter.
C. She successful got a degree in aviation technology.
D. She helped the injured using her medical knowledge.
6. What words can best describe Andrea Peterson？ ______
A. Determined and brave. B. Kind and humorous.
C. Confident and friendly. D. Generous and honest.
7. What does Peterson's story tell us？ ______
A. It's never too late to change a job.
B. Where there is a will there is a way.
C. Time and tide wait for no man.
D. He who laughs last laughs best.
C
Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes （路线） from west to east.However，businessmen and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
In ancient times，silk from China found its way over land to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road.But another trading route across the sea was also formed along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centered around Ceylon.Here，businessmen from China and many other places met to exchange goods.
Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions.Between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets （舰队） sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa.African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for silk，and spices.Although China stopped further expeditions （远征） after 1433，these land and sea routes remained active for centuries.
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative （一带一路倡议）.The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the relations between China and the rest of the world.China has poured billions of money in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects.In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.From a scientific point of view，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
8. What do we know about the ancient sea routes？ ______
A. The Silk Road existed longer than the sea routes.
B. It was Columbus who first explored the sea routes.
C. Businessmen travelled along the sea route for their king.
D. The sea route was extended along the Indian Ocean coasts.
9. What can be inferred about China's expeditions in the Ming Dynasty？ ______
A. They were stopped for economic reasons.
B. They were considered to be a waste of money.
C. They also had an influence on the world trade.
D. Seven large fleets set sail from the East China Sea.
10. What's the goal of China's Belt and Road Initiative？ ______
A. To satisfy people's strong desire and need.
B. To promote trade and develop friendships.
C. To understand the climate change and its effects.
D. To improve the system and service along the routes.
11. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. The Belt and Road Initiative.
B. The history of Silk Road.
C. Brave businessmen and explorers.
D. China's exploration across the sea.
D
Peanuts are among the most popular snack foods in the United States，but about 2 percent of U.S.schoolchildren have an allergic （过敏的） reaction to them.A 2015 British study might bring hope to the American parents who are concerned about their kid's allergy to peanuts.
People allergic to peanuts can develop skin conditions or watery eyes.Children with a peanut allergy can develop a skin condition called eczema.Some reactions are so serious that they can result in death.So far，doctors have advised parents not to serve peanut-containing foods to children under the age of 3.But a study published in 2015 in Britain found that feeding children peanuts earlier might help to solve the problem.
Anthony Fauci，head of America's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases，notes that in Israel，people have a tradition of feeding peanuts to babies and says the percentage of Israeli children with a peanut allergy is much lower than the rate among Jewish children living in England. "In Israel，there is a custom of feeding peanut-based foods to babies within the first few months of life，and the rate of peanut allergy dropped by over 80% among the Israeli kids compared to those Jewish children living in England."
Dr.Fauci says this finding is very important.It means that babies have a natural mechanism （机制） that can be trained to react positively to peanuts，which may turn off as the baby reaches the age of 1.He says a team of experts have agreed on new guidelines for U.S.doctors who deal with children's allergies.
Fauci calls giving children peanuts a way of "challenging" their bodies. "If the child has a history of serious eczema，you should bring the child to do a skin test or a blood test to determine if the child has an allergy to peanuts.If they do，you should refrain from challenging that child.If they don't，it would be safe to feed them peanuts when they are babies at 4 to 6 months old."
12. What might be the worst result of allergic reaction to peanuts？ ______
A. Watery eyes. B. Serious eczema. C. Death. D. Skin cancer.
13. What does Anthony Fauci say about peanut allergy？ ______
A. Babies' mechanism can be trained to react actively to peanuts.
B. Feeding babies peanuts earlier might increase the rate of allergy.
C. Jewish children in England are less likely to be allergic to peanuts.
D. A skin test is not necessary for a child with a history of serious eczema.
14. Which one is closest to the meaning of the underlined phrase "refrain from" in Paragraph 5？ ______
A. Risk. B. Continue. C. Keep. D. Avoid.
15. What would be the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Say NO to Products Containing Peanuts
B. Feeding Peanuts to Children Early Helps
C. Peanut Allergy Threatens Children's Health
D. Guidance on Dealing with Children's Allergies

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
It can be a challenge to learn a new language like English.（1） ______ Here are some tips to help you become a better English learners.
Studying every day comes first.Learning any new language is a time-consuming process，more than 300 hours according to some linguists （语言学家）.Rather than memorize passively for a few hours or review once or twice a week，most experts say short，regular study sessions are more effective.（2） ______
Keep things fresh.Instead of focusing on one single task for the entire study session，try mixing things up.Study a little grammar，then do a short listening exercise，and then perhaps read an article on the same topic.Don't do too much，and 20 minutes on three different exercises is plenty.（3） ______
（ 4） ______ Talking with English natives，watching English movies or listening to English music whenever you have a chance can also help you unconsciously do better in pronunciation，speech patterns as well as listening.
Writing exercises are a great way to practice.Take 30 minutes at the end of the class or study to write down what happened during your day. （5） ______ By making a habit of writing，you will find your writing skills improve over time.

A.Speak，watch and listen.
B.It is true that you are gifted in writing.
C.It is not easy to learning a new language well.
D.But with right learning methods，you can get over it.
E.It doesn't matter whether you use a computer or pen and paper.
F.As little as 30 minutes a day can improve your English skills over time.
G.The variety will keep your attention focused and make studying more fun.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
The great philosopher Plato said， "Happiness springs from doing good and helping others." It means that giving help to people in need can also bring （1） ______ and enjoyment to ourselves.Here is my story.
The other day，I heard that Doreen，an old （2） ______ in my community，developed a serious disease and she needed someone to drive her to the hospital.I （3） ______ gave her a hand.On the way home，I happened to know that it was also （4） ______ for her to go to the grocery store because of her （5） ______ health conditions.I （6） ______ to take her shopping on Saturday mornings.It was on the countless Saturday mornings that Doreen （7） ______ me to the fantasy world of paintings.What （8） ______ me most was her unique insight into the art and active attitude towards life.I （9） ______ felt life was even happier.Every Saturday was another gift.
One Saturday morning just before Doreen （10） ______ ，she weakly said to me： "Mary，I really enjoy your （11） ______ in my last 2 years.I'm so lucky to have you in my life.You are my angel!" Her last words deeply （12） ______ me!It was the first time that I was （13） ______ of the value and significance of my life.
Great opportunities to help others seldom come，but small ones （14） ______ us every day.My happy （15） ______ with Doreen always remind me that a small kind act can also make a big difference.
21.  A. contribution B. pleasure C. satisfaction D. relief
22.  A. architect B. expert C. painter D. composer
23.  A. immediately B. actually C. gradually D. obviously
24.  A. striking B. confusing C. alarming D. challenging
25.  A. worsening B. lessening C. improving D. threatening
26.  A. intended B. announced C. proved D. offered
27.  A. promoted B. recommended C. introduced D. welcomed
28.  A. reminded B. puzzled C. impressed D. awakened
29.  A. ever B. never C. seldom D. once
30.  A. broke away B. dropped by C. went off D. passed away
31.  A. company B. respect C. treat D. gift
32.  A. comforted B. attracted C. entertained D. touched
33.  A. glad B. aware C. capable D. confident
34.  A. strike B. content C. surround D. impact
35.  A. contacts B. memories C. travels D. chats
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. According to the traditional Chinese calendar （日历），for every 19 years there will be seven leap months. "Leap month" （1） ______ （refer） to a repetitive month.Rather （2） ______ （interesting），there are two Februaries in 2023.
There are （3） ______ variety of traditions and customs during leap month in China.They are quite （4） ______ （fascinate） for you to explore.In some parts of East China's Shandong province，the married daughters send toads （蟾蜍） and fish （5） ______ （make） of dough （面团） to their parents. （6） ______ （live） near Wuyi Mountain in East China's Fujian province，the local people have the tradition of drinking tea at leap month，and only women （7） ______ （allow） to take part.The daughters who are married usually buy pig's feet and thin noodles for their parents，（ 8） ______ is unique for people in Southeast China's Taiwan province.Various historical and cultural factors have contributed （9） ______ the diverse customs.Do they successfully arouse your （10） ______ （curious）？The leap February has arrived.Are you prepared with your gifts？
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，上周你收到了英国朋友Mike的邮件。他刚刚进入高中，在学习和生活中遇到了很多困难和压力，希望你能给他建议。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）学习和生活方面的建议；
（2）安慰和鼓励。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Mike，
___________


Your sincerely， Li Hua

38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The small Christmas Tree Marcus sat by his window，gazing at the blinking lights on other buildings.He thought of Papa，who was visiting sick grandpa in Jamaica. "I'll try to help Mama while you're gone，" Marcus had promised his father.
His little brother，Peter，sat beside him. "When are we getting our Christmas tree，Marcus？" Peter asked， "I can't wait to decorate it with Mama's straw birds."
"We're not getting a tree this year，Peter，" Marcus said. "Too much money with Grandpa's illness.Mama said we can't afford one."
Someone knocked on their door.A kid of the neighbour rushed in.He looked around， "No tree yet？We bought a big tree a week ago!It's up to the ceiling （天花板）.Just two more days till Christmas!I guess you're not getting a tree." He laughed and ran away.
On hearing the words，Peter couldn't control his tears.Sadly，Marcus walked slowly to his room and shook his piggy bank.Only seven dollars!Far from enough!Mama was too tired to make a living.He decided to earn more on his own.He delivered the milk on his way to school and after school，he stayed busy pushing carts to help shoppers.In the evening，he looked after the baby for neighbors.Two days later，six more dollars jingled （发出叮当声） in his pocket. "My lucky day，" he thought.Thirteen dollars should buy a small tree.
He whistled all the way to the street with the excited Peter.But even the smallest trees were ﹩ 15 or more. "we'll never get a tree，brother，" Peter cried，tears in eyes.Marcus didn't answer.He saw a small tree planted in a can. "Is that one for sale，sir？"
"That's my last growing tree，" the seller said. "It's small now，but it will grow tall."
"How much does it cost？" asked Marcus. "It's Christmas Eve.For you， ﹩ 8." answered the man.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；

"But it's so small，" Peter complained.___________
When they were busy decorating the tree，Mom came in.___________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Booking.Com标题下的It lists more than 28 million choices — you can find more choices per destination on Booking.com than any other online travel agency.（它列出了2800多万个选择---你可以在Booking.com上找到比任何其他在线旅行社更多的每个目的地的选择。）可知，Booking.Com提供的关于旅行目的地的信息和选择最多，故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。根据Hopper标题下Some newer features since the app's introduction in 2009 include freezing a price for a limited time — for an extra fee — as well as app-only discounts. （自2009年推出该应用程序以来，一些新功能包括在有限的时间内冻结价格，以及仅限应用程序的折扣。）可知，有了Hopper你可以用额外的钱在有限的时间内冻结价格。故选D项。
（3）文章出处题。根据第一段Planning a trip can be easier through an online travel agency than if you handle each part of the planning on your own.These are our top choices.（通过在线旅行社计划旅行比你自己处理计划的每一部分更容易。这些是我们的首选。）可知，本文介绍了四家在线旅行社，推断出这篇文章能在网站上被找到。A．In a novel.在一本小说里；B．In a history book.在一本历史书上；C．On a website.在一个网站上；D．In an art magazine.在一本艺术杂志上。故选C项。
本文是应用文，文章介绍了四家网上旅行社。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

4~7.【答案】B、D、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中"Throw the kid down!" said one of the firemen below，and little Andrea jumped into lifesaving arms and a lifelong goal.She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.（"把孩子扔下去！"下面的一个消防队员说，小安德烈投入了救生的怀抱，开始了他一生的目标。她想像她的救援者一样去救火。）可知，Andrea Peterson曾经被消防员救起，因此梦想成为一名消防员。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段At 61，She earned her emergency medical technician license （执照） and responded to fire calls with the ambulance （救护车）.It turned to be a life-and-death situation，and Peterson felt that long-ago childhood calling.She found that her years of caring for Dennis had prepared her for dealing with different hurts and ills.（61岁时，她获得了紧急医疗技术员执照，并驾驶救护车响应火警呼叫。这变成了一个生死攸关的情况，Peterson感到了很久以前童年的召唤。她发现，多年来照顾Dennis的经历，使她能够应对各种各样的伤痛和疾病）可知，在61岁时，Peterson用她的医学知识帮助伤者。故选D项。
（3）观点态度题。通读全文，根据第一段中It was a dream born in fire. （这是一个在火中诞生的梦）以及倒数第二段中The fact that everyone else in her training team was between 18 and 21 didn't discourage her.She passed the writing test and she cleared the physical difficulties and finally，that little girl's dream became a reality. （她训练队的其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，但这并没有让她气馁。她通过了写作考试，克服了身体上的困难，终于，那个小女孩的梦想变成了现实）可知，Andrea Peterson克服了重重困难，终于实现儿时的梦想，可见她意志坚强，勇于挑战自我。A．Determined and brave.坚定勇敢的；B．Kind and humorous.善良幽默的；C．Confident and friendly.自信友好的；D．Generous and honest.慷慨而诚实的。故选A项。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，Andrea Peterson坚持不懈，克服困难，在62岁高龄时做了消防员，实现了儿时的梦想。这个故事告诉我们："有志者，事竟成"。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Andrea Peterson在62岁高龄时，克服重重困难，实现了儿时做消防员的梦想。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】D、C、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段But another trading route across the sea was also formed along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centered around Ceylon. （但另一条以锡兰为中心的跨海贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸形成。）可知海上航线沿着印度洋海岸延伸。故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Although China stopped further expeditions （远征） after 1433，these land and sea routes remained active for centuries.（虽然中国在1433年后停止了进一步的探险，但这些陆上和海上航线在几个世纪里仍然活跃。）可推断，中国明朝的远洋探险对世界贸易产生了影响。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the relations between China and the rest of the world. （这一倡议的目的是鼓励丝绸之路沿线地区的合作和贸易，加强中国与世界其他国家的关系。）可知中国"一带一路"倡议的目的是促进贸易和发展友谊。A．To satisfy people's strong desire and need.满足人们强烈的欲望和需要；B．To promote trade and develop friendships.促进贸易和发展友谊；C．To understand the climate change and its effects.了解气候变化及其影响；D．To improve the system and service along the routes.改善沿线的系统和服务。故选B项。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes （路线） from west to east.However，businessmen and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.（马可波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找从西向东的海路。然而，来自东方的商人和探险家从东向西航行比哥伦布早很多年。）可知文章主要介绍中国从古至今在海洋探索方面所做的尝试和取得的成绩。D项"中国的远洋探险。"最符合题意。故选D项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国从古至今在海洋探索方面所做的尝试和取得的成绩。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
  我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

12~15.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段People allergic to peanuts can develop skin conditions or watery eyes.Children with a peanut allergy can develop a skin condition called eczema.Some reactions are so serious that they can result in death. （对花生过敏的人可能会出现皮肤问题或流泪。对花生过敏的儿童会患上一种叫做湿疹的皮肤病。有些反应非常严重，甚至会导致死亡。）可知，花生过敏的症状严重情况下可能导致死亡。A．Watery eyes.水汪汪的眼睛；B．Serious eczema.严重湿疹；C．Death.死亡；D．Skin cancer.皮肤癌。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Dr.Fauci says this finding is very important.It means that babies have a natural mechanism （机制） that can be trained to react positively to peanuts （福奇博士表示，这一发现非常重要。这意味着婴儿有一种自然机制，可以训练它对花生做出积极的反应）可知，婴儿出生时自带的身体机能，可以经过后期的训练，对花生制品积极地应对（不过敏），故选A。
（3）词句猜测题。根据划线词后句If they don't，it would be safe to feed them peanuts when they are babies at 4 to 6 months old. （如果他们没有对花生过敏，那么在他们4到6个月大的时候给他们吃花生是安全的。）可知，如果证实孩子没有对花生过敏，就可以喂食花生，反之则应该避免让孩子接触花生。所以refrain from为"避免"之意。A．Risk.冒险；B．Continue.继续；C．Keep.保持；D．Avoid.避免。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段最后一句A 2015 British study might bring hope to the American parents who are concerned about their kid's allergy to peanuts. （2015年英国的一项研究可能会给担心孩子对花生过敏的美国父母带来希望。）和第二段最后一句But a study published in 2015 in Britain found that feeding children peanuts earlier might help to solve the problem. （但2015年在英国发表的一项研究发现，早点给孩子喂花生可能有助于解决这个问题。）及全文可知，文章主要在讲2015年英国一项研究发现早给婴儿喂食花生可能很大程度上减少孩子对花生过敏发生的几率。所以"Feeding Peanuts to Children Early Helps（尽早给孩子喂花生有帮助）"作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。英国一项研究发现，在婴儿四至六个月大时喂食花生，可减少孩子以后对花生过敏的几率，这为儿童花生过敏发生率高的美国提供了新的应对思路。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
  我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

16~20.【答案】D、F、G、A、E
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文It can be a challenge to learn a new language like English. （学习像英语这样的新语言可能是一个挑战。）及下文Here are some tips to help you become a better English learners. （这里有一些建议可以帮助你成为一个更好的英语学习者。）设空处应该是一个承上启下的句子，D项"但是用正确的学习方法，你可以克服它。"句中的it代指上文的challenge，下文中的some tips呼应D项的right learning methods，上下文衔接连贯，故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据本段的中心句Studying every day comes first. （每天学习是第一位的。）及空格上文Rather than memorize passively for a few hours or review once or twice a week，most experts say short，regular study sessions are more effective. （大多数专家表示，比起被动地记忆几个小时或每周复习一两次，短时间的、有规律的学习更有效。）设空处应就上文的short，regular study sessions展开，F项"每天只要30分钟就可以提高你的英语水平。"F项顺接了上文，上下文衔接连贯，故选F项。
（3）推理判断题。根据本段的中心句Keep things fresh. （保持学习内容的新鲜感。）以及上文Don't do too much，and 20 minutes on three different exercises is plenty. （不要做太多，20分钟做三种不同的练习就足够了。）可知，不要长时间的只关注一个任务，可以采用多样化的练习方式，以保持学习的新鲜感，G项"练习的不同种类将会使你的注意力集中，使你的学习更快乐。"G项对上文的做法作了解释，说明这么做的好处。上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。
（4）段落主题题。该空是本段的中心句。根据后文Talking with English natives，watching English movies or listening to English music whenever you have a chance can also help you unconsciously do better in pronunciation，speech patterns as well as listening. （只要有机会，与英语母语者交谈、看英语电影或听英语音乐也能帮助你在不知不觉中提高发音、语音模式和听力。）本段围绕Talking、watching、listening给出学习英语的建议，A项"说，看，听。"符合语境。故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。根据本段的中心句Writing exercises are a great way to practice. （写作练习是一种很好的练习方式。）及上文Take 30 minutes at the end of the class or study to write down what happened during your day. （在课程或学习结束时花30分钟写下你一天所发生的事情。）这里介绍了通过写的方式练习英语，E项"用电脑或是纸笔都无所谓。"只要用英语记录每天的事情，电脑也好，纸笔也好，只要动笔就会有收获，下文By making a habit of writing，you will find your writing skills improve over time.（通过养成写作的习惯，你会发现你的写作技巧随着时间的推移而提高。）上下文衔接连贯，语意一致，故选E项。
本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了有助于成为一个更好的英语学习者的四个建议。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】B、C、A、D、A、D、C、C、B、D、A、D、B、C、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.contribution贡献；B.pleasure快乐；C.satisfaction满意；D.relief宽慰。句意：这意味着帮助有需要的人也能给自己带来快乐和享受。根据前文"Happiness springs from doing good and helping others."可知，帮助他人给自己带来快乐。故选B项。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.architect建筑师；B.expert专家；C.painter画家；D.composer作曲家。句意：前几天，我听说我所在社区的一位老画家Doreen患上了严重的疾病，她需要有人开车送她去医院。根据后文"Doreen（7）me to the fantasy world of paintings"可知，这是一位画家。故选C项。
（3）考查副词及语境理解。A.immediately立刻；B.actually事实上；C.gradually逐渐地；D.obviously明显地。句意：我立刻帮了她一把。根据语境和后文"gave her a hand"可知，作者立刻帮助她。故选A项。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.striking惊人的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.alarming使人惊恐的；D.challenging具有挑战性的。句意：在回家的路上，我碰巧知道，由于她的健康状况不断恶化，她去杂货店也很有挑战性。根据后文"because of her（5）health conditions"可知，她去购物也有困难。故选D项。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.worsening日益恶化的；B.lessening变少的；C.improving改进的；D.threatening威胁的。句意：在回家的路上，我碰巧知道，由于她的健康状况不断恶化，她去杂货店也很有挑战性。根据前文"I heard that Doreen，an old（2）in my community，developed a serious disease and she needed someone to drive her to the hospital"可知，她的健康状况日益恶化。故选A项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.intended打算；B.announced宣布；C.proved证明；D.offered主动提出。句意：我提出周六早上带她去购物。根据语境和前文"I （3）gave her a hand."可知，作者主动提出要帮忙。故选D项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.promoted促进；B.recommended推荐；C.introduced介绍；D.welcomed欢迎。句意：正是在无数个星期六的早晨，Doreen向我介绍了绘画的梦幻世界。根据后文"What（8）me most was her unique insight into the art"可知，Doreen向作者介绍了绘画的有关知识。故选C项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.reminded提醒；B.puzzled使困惑；C.impressed给……很深刻的印象；D.awakened唤醒。句意：给我印象最深的是她对艺术的独特见解和积极的生活态度。根据后文"her unique insight into the art and active attitude towards life"可知，这给了作者很深的印象。故选C项。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.ever曾经；B.never从不；C.seldom很少；D.once一旦。句意：我从未觉得生活比现在更幸福。根据后文"Every Saturday was another gift."可知，作者感到非常幸福。此处是否定的比较级表示最高级。故选B项。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.broke away脱离；B.dropped by顺道拜访；C.went off进行，进展；D.passed away去世。句意：在Doreen去世前的一个星期六早上，她虚弱地对我说："Mary，我真的很喜欢在过去的两年里有你陪伴。我生命中有你真是太幸运了。你是我的天使！"根据前文"Her last words deeply（12）me!"可知，Doreen去世了。故选D项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.company陪伴；B.respect尊重；C.treat对待；D.gift礼物。句意：Mary，我真的很喜欢在过去的两年里有你陪伴。基于前文的分析并根据后文"I'm so lucky to have you in my life."可知，作者在Doreen患重病的最后两年里，陪伴她看病和每周六早上采购日用品。故选A项。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.comforted安慰；B.attracted吸引；C.entertained款待；D.touched触动。句意：她的遗言深深地打动了我！根据后文"It was the first time that I was（13）of the value and significance of my life."可知，她的遗言打动了作者。故选D项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.glad高兴的；B.aware意识到的；C.capable能力强的；D.confident有信心的。句意：这是我第一次意识到我生命的价值和意义。根据语境和后文"the value and significance of my life"可知，作者意识到自己生命的价值和意义。be aware of意为"意识到"。故选B项。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.strike袭击，打击；B.content满足；C.surround围绕；D.impact影响。句意：帮助他人的好机会很少出现，但每天都有小机会围绕着我们。根据前文"Great opportunities to help others seldom come"以及"but"的转折可知，每天都有助人的小机会在我们周围。故选C项。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.contacts联系；B.memories回忆；C.travels旅游；D.chats聊天。句意：我和Doreen的快乐回忆总是提醒我，一个小小的善意行为也会带来很大的不同。根据后文"remind me that a small kind act can also make a big difference"可知，此处指作者和Doreen的回忆。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾经在老画家Doreen患重病的最后两年里，陪伴她看病和每周六早上采购日用品。通过帮助别人，作者也意识到了个人的价值和意义。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。

36.【答案】refers
【解析】（1）考查时态和主谓一致。句意："闰月"是指一个重复的月份。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子在描述一般性的事实，应用一般现在时，主语Leap month是单数，谓所以语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填refers。
（2）考查副词。句意：相当有趣的是，2023年有两个二月。分析句子可知，空处是修饰整个句子的状语，应用interesting的副词形式interestingly，意为"有趣的是"，修饰整个句子。故填interestingly。
（3）考查冠词。句意：在中国的闰月有各种各样的传统和习俗。根据"variety of traditions and customs"可知，此处用固定短语a variety of，意为"各种各样的"，空处需用冠词a。故填a。
（4）考查形容词。句意：它们非常吸引你去探索。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，应用fascinate的形容词形式，且主语They指的是各种传统和习俗，是事物的性质，需用fascinating，意为"吸引人的"。故填fascinating。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：在中国东部山东省的一些地区，出嫁的女儿会给父母送面团做的蟾蜍和鱼。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处需用非谓语动词，作toads和fish的后置定语，make与toads和fish之间是被动关系，应用make的过去分词形式made。故填made。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：居住在中国东部福建省武夷山附近的当地人有在闰月喝茶的传统，而且只有女性才能参加。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处需用非谓语动词，作句子的状语，live和逻辑主语the local people之间是主动关系，应用live的现在分词形式living，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Living。
（7）考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：居住在中国东部福建省武夷山附近的当地人有在闰月喝茶的传统，而且只有女性才能参加。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子在描述一般性的事实，应用一般现在时，allow和主语only women之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are allowed。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：已婚的女儿通常会给父母买猪蹄和细面，这在中国东南部的台湾省是很独特的。分析句子可知，句中含有非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
（9）考查介词。句意：不同的历史文化因素造就了不同的风俗习惯。根据空前"contributed"可知，此处用固定短语contribute to，意为"造成，促成"，所以空处应用介词to。故填to。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：他们是否成功地唤起了你的好奇心？分析句子可知，空格处前面是形容词性物主代词your，所以空格处应该用名词，curious是形容词，它的名词形式为curiosity，意为"好奇心"，是不可数名词。故填curiosity。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的闰月中各地的传统和习俗。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】Dear Mike，
   How is it going？Learning from your mail that you are stressed out in the senior high school，I'm writing to give you some suggestions.（写信目的）
   It's quite normal to feel depressed when you begin the new life in the senior high school.The most important thing is to be positive and optimistic.The difficulties in learning and troubles in life will go away if you are confident and brave enough.【高分句型一】In addition，taking an active part in the extra-curricular activities is also helpful.You can play football，jog or join the music club.These activities are not only good for your physical and mental health，but also offer you the chance to make new friends.【高分句型二】Last but not least，don't hesitate to ask for help when you are in trouble.（学习和生活方面的建议）
   Nothing is too difficult for a strong mind.I believe you can quickly adjust to your senior high school life.Hope the advice above might be of help.Looking forward to your good news.（安慰和鼓励）
Your sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：The difficulties in learning and troubles in life will go away if you are confident and brave enough.
翻译：如果你足够自信和勇敢，学习上的困难和生活中的烦恼都会消失。
分析：运用了if引导的条件状语从句。
高分句型二：These activities are not only good for your physical and mental health，but also offer you the chance to make new friends.
翻译：这些活动不仅对你的身心健康有益，而且还为你提供了结交新朋友的机会。
分析：运用了not only …but also …（不仅……而且……）句型。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】    "But it's so small，" Peter complained. "Being small isn't a bad thing.You're small，but you are special，" Marcus told his brother as he paid for the tree. "It will grow bigger，just like you." Peter's eyes opened wide."There are 5 dollars left.Let's go to the store，" Marcus said.They shopped quickly：a scarf for Mama；a coloring book for Peter；a wallet for Marcus.Peter giggled， "Mama will be surprised." They hurried home.Marcus set their tree on the table and Peter couldn't wait to place straw birds on the branches.（描写Marcus的钱足够买下这棵树做圣诞树，并用余下的钱给家人买了礼物）
   When they were busy decorating the tree，Mom came in.What came to her sight really astonished her.【高分句型一】Lovely straw birds were hanging on a small lovely Christmas tree；presents were on the sofa. "What happened？The Santa Claus came？" asked the Mama. "Marcus is the Santa!" Peter replied，dashing to mom.【高分句型二】 "He worked after school and earned some money.He bought the Christmas tree and presents." "But I can't afford a big tree，mom，" Marcus said，hanging his head. "My dear，it is the biggest and most beautiful tree in my heart!" said mom.Hugging the two boys tightly，Mama couldn't contain her joyful tears.（描写妈妈非常惊讶，并了解了真相）
【解析】本文讲述了圣诞节要到了，Marcus家里因为支付爷爷生病账单而没钱买圣诞树，他存钱罐里的钱也不够。他只得赚钱买树，最终在他的努力下，买到了一颗小圣诞树，甚至还买了装饰品，过了一个快乐的圣诞节。
高分句型一：What came to her sight really astonished her.
翻译：眼前的景象着实让她大吃一惊。
分析：运用what引导的主语从句。
高分句型二：Peter replied，dashing to mom.
翻译：彼得回答，冲到妈妈面前。
分析：运用了现在分词dashing to mom作状语。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
       每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
       （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
       一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
       （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
       根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
       （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
       在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。