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诸暨市—第二学期期末考试试题
高一英语
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the performance be presented?
A. In an opera house. B. In a movie theatre. C. In a concert room.
2. How will the woman probably go to Frazier's Department Store?
A By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At school. B. In a hospital. C. At home.
4. How does the woman feel after the dance class?
A. Happy. B. Disappointed. C. Tired.
5. What are the speakers talking about in general?
A. Photos. B. Animals. C. Snow.
第二节（共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。
6. In what way does the man care about the electric heater?
A. The brand. B. The price. C. The model.
7. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man will pay $250.
B. The man won't buy the electric heater.
C. The man won't get an additional discount at last.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。
8. What did the man do on Saturday?
A. He had a picnic. B. He finished a paper. C. He visited some friends.
9. What do we know about the man's picnic?
A. He was too busy to go for it.
B. He had a really pleasant time on the picnic.
C. The picnic was probably spoiled by the unexpected weather.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。
10. What relation is Jack to the woman?
A. Her husband. B. Her co-worker. C. Her neighbor.
11. What do we know about Jack?
A. He cannot cook at all.
B. He does lots of housework.
C. His office is far from home.
12. What does the man think of Jack?
A. Devoted. B. Easy-going. C. Amazing.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。
13. Why was the man late for his flight?
A. He looked for his suitcase.
B. His arranged taxi didn't turn up.
C. He went back home to get his passport.
14. How did the man get to Lombok from Bali?
A. By ship. B. By taxi. C. By air.
15. What happened when the man was swimming?
A. He was hurt by a fish.
B. He had a sudden headache.
C. He couldn't head back to the beach.
16. What did the man do in Lombok?
A. He climbed the mountain.
B. He enjoyed the sunset.
C. He helped a taxi driver.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。
17. When did people celebrate the first Thanksgiving?
A. In 1621. B. In 1776. C. In 1863.
18. Which holiday marks the end of the summer season?
A. Thanksgiving. B. Labor Day. C. Cinco de Mayo.
19. Where does Cino de Mayo come from?
A. Britain. B. Mexico. C. France.
20. What is mainly talked about in the speech?
A. The importance of the festivals.
B. The origin of the festivals.
C. Some American festivals.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分34分）
第一节（共12个小题；每小题2分，满分24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
(A)
Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely by looking both ways for cars. But do they also teach them to put away their cell phones?
Texting while crossing the street will soon be forbidden in the city of Honolulu, Hawaii. Beginning on October 24, you could be fined from $15 to $99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to forbid what is called "distracted (分心的) walking." It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote. The law says: "No pedestrian (行人) shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device (设备)." In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.
The law’s creators hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city. Mayor Kirk Caldwell told Reuters news agency, "We hold the unfortunate distinction (区分) of being a major city with more pedestrians being hit in crosswalks, particularly our seniors (老年人), than almost any other city in the country."
The law includes all electronic devices with screens: cell phones, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers. The law does permit an exception. Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.
Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cell phones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased 25 percent between 2010 and 2015. That trend (趋势) continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6000, 11% higher than in 2015.
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid being fined in Honolulu (and be safer, in general) by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait until you are again, safely, off the street.
1. What is the new law about in Honolulu, Hawaii?
A. Pedestrians must follow traffic rules while on the street.
B. Texting is not allowed while crossing the street.
C. Cell phones cannot be used for the sake of safety.
D. Ways to reduce deaths caused by traffic accidents.
2. What will happen to a pedestrian if he looks at a screen when crossing the street?
A. He will be grounded. B. His electronic device will be taken away.
C. He will receive a fine. D. His identity will be made public online.
3. How do you understand the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Only voice-controlled digital assistants can be used while walking.
B. Only police officers can use such devices when emergency arises.
C. Only one such device can be allowed to use when crossing the street.
D. Only in case of emergency can a pedestrian be allowed to use a cell phone .
4. Why is it necessary to pass such a law in Honolulu, Hawaii?
A. To cut down on accidents caused by "distracted walking".
B. To make sure electronic devices will be properly used.
C To make the city as safe as the other ones while walking.
D. To force parents to teach their children to walk with care .
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍在Honolulu, Hawaii市颁布的一项法律，行人过马路时如果看屏幕会收到罚款，这样做是为了减少因“走路分心”而造成的事故。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Texting while crossing the street will soon be forbidden in the city of Honolulu, Hawaii.(夏威夷火奴鲁鲁市不久将禁止过马路时发短信)” 可知，夏威夷火奴鲁鲁的新法律是关于过马路时不允许发短信。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The law says: "No pedestrian (行人) shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device (设备)." In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.(法律规定：“行人不得在过马路或高速公路时看移动电子设备。”换句话说，过马路时不要看屏幕，否则会被罚款)”可知，行人过马路时如果看屏幕会收到罚款。故选C。
【3题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.(行人可以在街上使用这些设备呼叫紧急服务和救援人员，如消防队员和警察)”可知，划线句子“The law does permit an exception.(法律确实允许有例外)”的意思是“只有在紧急情况下，行人才可以使用手机”。故选D。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The law’s creators hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city.(该法律的制定者希望它能减少城市中被汽车撞死的人数)”可知，之所以有必要在夏威夷的檀香山通过这样一项法律，是为了减少因“走路分心”而造成的事故。故选A。
(B)
What makes people happier: money or having happy friends and neighbors? Researchers from Harvard University have found an answer as part of a study.
Nicholas Christakis and James Fowler based the study on the emotional (情感的) health of almost five thousand people. They used information gathered over a period of twenty years, until two thousand three, in the Framingham Heart Study.
The new study found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves. And the smaller the physical distance between friends, the larger the effect they had on each other's happiness. For example, a person was twenty percent more likely to feel happy if a friend living within one and a half kilometers was also happy. Having a happy neighbor who lived next door increased an individual's (个人的) chance of being happy by thirty-four percent. The effects of friends' happiness lasted for up to a year.
The researchers found that happiness really is contagious. Sadness also spread among friends, but not as much as happiness. People removed by as much as three degrees of separation still had an effect on a person's happiness. Three degrees of separation means the friend of a friend of a friend.
The study showed that having an extra five thousand dollars increased a person's chances of becoming happier by about two percent. But the researchers found that the influence of a friend of a friend of a friend can be greater than that.
Another finding is that people who are married or work together do not have as much of an effect on happiness as friends do.
The study is described as the first to show the indirect spread of happiness. In other words, that your emotions can be affected by someone you do not directly know.
Earlier studies by the two researchers described the effects of social networks on obesity and efforts to stop smoking. The new study shows that happiness spreads through social networks like an emotional virus.
5. According to the passage, what is the best answer to the question raised in paragraph 1?
A. A large sum of money. B. Friendly neighbors.
C. Happy coworkers. D. Happy friends.
6. By using the word "contagious" in paragraph 4, the author means ______.
A. happiness spreads among friends B. happiness is more welcome than sadness
C. happiness benefits health greatly D. happiness influences friendship in a way
7. What kind of virus is the one mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. A virus people would try to stay away from.
B. A virus people would be happy to catch.
C. A virus that has proved to be most harmful.
D. A virus that would help a friendship last .
8. The passage is meant to ______.
A. inform B. persuade
C. advertise D. argue
【答案】5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。是什么让人更快乐：金钱还是拥有快乐的朋友和邻居？哈佛大学的研究人员在一项研究中找到了答案：快乐的朋友！快乐就像病毒一样在朋友之间传播。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一行“The new study found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves.(这项新的研究发现，快乐的人的朋友也更有可能快乐)”可知，文章开头的问题答案是，和快乐开心的人交朋友，你自己也会快乐起来。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下一句“Sadness also spread among friends, but not as much as happiness.(悲伤也会在朋友之间传播，但没有快乐那么多)”其中also表示，悲伤和快乐一样可以在朋友间传播。由此推知，contagious和spread意思相近。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Earlier studies by the two researchers described the effects of social networks on obesity and efforts to stop smoking. The new study shows that happiness spreads through social networks like an emotional virus.(这两位研究人员的早期研究描述了社交网络对肥胖和戒烟的影响。这项新研究表明，快乐就像情感病毒一样通过社交网络传播)”可知，研究员把快乐比作病毒，那肯定是一种人人都想感染上的一种病毒。故选B项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“What makes people happier: money or having happy friends and neighbors? Researchers from Harvard University have found an answer as part of a study.(是什么让人更快乐:金钱还是拥有快乐的朋友和邻居？哈佛大学的研究人员在一项研究中找到了答案)”及下文介绍可知，本文介绍了科研人员的新发现，那就是快乐可以在朋友之间传播，和快乐的人结交自己也会变得快乐。由此推知，本文的写作意图是告知。故选A项。
(C)
Many people believe that teaching children music makes them smarter, better able to learn new things. Researchers, however, have found that there’s one thing musical training does not do. They say it does not make children more intelligent.
Samuel Mehr is a graduate student at Harvard’s School of Education. He said it is wrong to think that learning to play a musical instrument improves a child’s intellectual development. He says the evidence comes from studies that measured the mental ability of two groups of 4-year-olds and their parents. One group attended music class, the other went to a class that places importance on the visual arts — arts that can be seen. “The evidence there is ‘no.’ We found no evidence for any advantage on any of these tests for the kids taking part in these music classes,” said Mehr.
Samuel Mehr says researchers have carried out many studies in an effort to learn whether musical training can make children smarter. He says the results have been mixed. He says only one study seems to show a small percentage increase in IQ, intellectual scores among students after one year of music lessons. He does not believe that IQ is a good measure of a child’s intelligence. He says researchers in his study compared how well children in the musical training group did on mental processing tasks or projects, then the results were compared to those of children who did not take lessons. There was no evidence that the musical training group did much better on the mental tasks than the other group. The researchers confirmed the results with a larger group of children and their parents.
Mr Mehr says music lessons may not offer children a fast easy way to gain entry to the best schools later of their life. But he says the training is still important for cultural reasons. In his words, “We teach music because music is important for us.”
He notes that the works of writer William Shakespeare are not taught, so the children will do better in physics. He says Shakespeare is taught because it is important. “And I don’t think music needs to be any different than that.”
9. Different from the common belief, Samuel Mehr believes that ______.
A. playing musical instrument makes children more intelligent
B. musical training has no evident link to children’s intelligence
C learning to play musical instrument is not worthwhile at all.
D. music lessons can increase children’s IQ and make them smarter
10. How did Samuel Mehr try to prove his own belief?
A. By attending music lessons himself. B. By consulting experts.
C. By comparing different groups. D. By talking to parents.
11. What does the underlined words “the results” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Music lessons probably help to gain better performance.
B. Musical training has no positive effect on children at all.
C. Music lessons have different influences on different people.
D. Musical training cannot possibly make children smarter.
12. Why does the author mention “William Shakespeare” in the last paragraph?
A. To tell us music is taught because of its great importance.
B. To show us the importance of studying Shakespeare’s works.
C. To argue that music lessons cannot make children smarter
D. To make us realize Shakespeare is as important as music.
【答案】9. B 10. C 11. D 12. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛大学最近的一项研究表示，没有证据支持接受了音乐教育的孩子比没有接受音乐教育的孩子表现得更好。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Samuel Mehr is a graduate student at Harvard’s School of Education. He said it is wrong to think that learning to play a musical instrument improves a child’s intellectual development.(Samuel Mehr是哈佛大学教育学院的一名研究生。他说，认为学习演奏乐器能促进儿童智力发展的想法是错误的)”可知，Samuel Mehr认为学习与促进儿童智力发展是错误的。由此可知，学习与提高儿童智力之间没有关系。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He says the evidence comes from studies that measured the mental ability of two groups of 4-year-olds and their parents. One group attended music class, the other went to a class that places importance on the visual arts — arts that can be seen.(他说，这些证据来自对两组4岁儿童及其父母的智力进行测量的研究。一组上音乐课，另一组上视觉艺术课——看得见的艺术)”可知，一组上音乐课，一组上视觉课。由此可知，Samuel Mehr试图通过比较不同的群体来证明自己的观点。故选C。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“There was no evidence that the musical training group did much better on the mental tasks than the other group. The researchers confirmed the results with a larger group of children and their parents. (没有证据表明音乐训练组在智力测试中比另一组表现更好。研究人员在一大批儿童和他们的父母身上证实了这一结果)”可推知，the results指的是“音乐训练不可能使孩子更聪明”。故选D。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He notes that the works of writer William Shakespeare are not taught, so the children will do better in physics. He says Shakespeare is taught because it is important. “And I don’t think music needs to be any different than that.” 他指出，没有教授作家威廉·莎士比亚的作品，所以孩子们在物理上会做得更好。他说教授莎士比亚是因为它很重要。“我认为音乐也不需要有什么不同。”)”可知，作者在最后一段提到“威廉·莎士比亚”是想告诉我们，音乐被教是因为它的重要性。故选A。
第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Health Benefits of Gardening
Gardening is popular in many parts of the world. This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables. ___13___
Reduces loneliness
Gardening connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors. ___14___ Most people love to talk about their hobbies, and gardeners are no different. They usually enjoy showing people what they are growing. And most enjoy sharing advice and stories about their gardens.
___15___
Gardening is a great activity to do with children. Children can learn about nature and wildlife. Gardening can teach a child about where food comes from and healthy eating. It can also help them to understand the limits of natural resources and the importance of using them carefully.
Vitamin D
___16___ This means you are getting Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies use calcium. That is necessary to keep bones strong. Vitamin D also helps us fight diseases.
Exercise
When you garden you must move around. All the different movements needed for gardening — bending, twisting, stretching and lifting — work small muscles in the body. And you can easily get a good work out when you are digging holes or pulling weeds.
Brain health
Gardening may help your brain stay young. Activities such as gardening use many repeated actions, such as weeding or dead-heading (removing dying flowers from a plant). ___17___ The brain is still active but not in the same way that it is, say, when we use computers. In our technology-filled lives, gardening offers a chance to unplug. You cannot hold a phone or other electronic devices when your hands are filled with dirt.
A. Gardening can be a great teacher.
B. But it also gives us many health benefits.
C. Harvests from gardening are organic food.
D. These actions have a calming effect on the brain.
E. So it is a perfect time to socialize with your neighbors.
F. When you are in your garden, you might feel the sunshine on your skin.
G. Gardening can also give you the feeling that you have done something good.
【答案】13. B 14. E 15. A 16. F 17. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了园艺对人身体健康的诸多好处。
【13题详解】
根据上文“This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables.(这种户外活动给了我们美丽的植物，芳香的花朵和新鲜的水果和蔬菜)”可知，这里说明了园艺的益处，结合下文从几个方面介绍了园艺对健康的好处。由此可知，该空承上启下，指出园艺对健康也有好处。B选项“但它也给我们的健康带来很多好处”切题，故选B。
【14题详解】
根据上文“Gardening connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors.(园艺连接人。当你在做园艺工作时，你是在户外)”可知，该空承接上文，说明身处户外时，所造成的结果，E选项“所以，这是一个与你的邻居社交的完美时间”切题，其中，选项中的“socialize with”对应上文中的“connects”，故选E。
【15题详解】
该空为段落小标题，根据下文“Gardening is a great activity to do with children. Children can learn about nature and wildlife. Gardening can teach a child about where food comes from and healthy eating. It can also help them to understand the limits of natural resources and the importance of using them carefully.(园艺是和孩子们一起做的一项很好的活动。 孩子们可以了解自然和野生动物。园艺可以教会孩子食物的来源和健康的饮食。它还可以帮助他们了解自然资源的限度和谨慎使用它们的重要性)”可知，园艺教给孩子们很多知识，就如同孩子们的老师一样。A选项“园艺是一位伟大的老师”切题，其中，选项中的“teacher”对应下文中的“teach”，故选A。
【16题详解】
根据下文“This means you are getting Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies use calcium.(这意味着你得到了维生素D，维生素D帮助我们的身体利用钙)”可知，这里指出了一个结果，该空引出下文，说明造成这个结果的原因，F选项“当你在花园里时，你可能会感觉到阳光照在你的皮肤上”切题，下文中的“This”指代选项中“you might feel the sunshine on your skin”这种情况，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Gardening may help your brain stay young. Activities such as gardening use many repeated actions, such as weeding or dead-heading (removing dying flowers from a plant). (园艺可以帮助你的大脑保持年轻。园艺等活动使用许多重复的动作，如除草或摘除枯花（从植物上摘除垂死的花朵))”可知，这里提到了园艺中的一些活动，该空承接上文，说明这些活动对大脑有怎样的影响。D选项“这些动作对大脑有镇静作用”切题，其中，选项中的“These actions”指代上文中的“weeding or dead-heading”，选项中的“brain”对应上文中的“brain”，故选D。
第三部分：语言运用（共三节，满分41分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。
While my grandfather was in hospital, I flew to see him. I was fearful I wouldn't see him again.
When reaching his hospital room, I was ___18___. So weak was he that he was hardly able to speak. Somehow though, he ___19___ to mumble（嘟哝）, "I ...you."
"You what, Grandpa?" I whispered. But he didn't have any more strength to ___20___.
The next morning I had to leave. I kept ___21___ what it was that he had tried so hard to tell me. It wasn't until I was back home that I ___22___ what it was.
A week after I returned home, I received a/an ___23___ from a nurse who told me my grandfather had said, "Call my granddaughter and tell her '___24___'." At first I was a little ___25___, thinking why he would just say, "love". Why not "I love you"? Then it ___26___ me. The day I was in the ___27___ he had been trying to say, "I love you." Really ___28___, I felt as if I was going to cry, and I did.
___29___, my grandfather was able to talk. I called him every night. Normally he had to ___30___ after about five minutes because he was too ___31___. No matter what, though, every time we___32___ he would say, "I love you" . These, along with his moving words, "You are the only reason I live," are the best compliments（称赞） I have ever ___33___.
My grandfather is still very ill and I know our time is ___34___. I feel very honored that he has shared his ___35___ with me. I have learned a lot from this ___36___. But the most important one is that a simple "I love you" is really not simple. It is a/an ___37___ for living.
18. A. excited B. shocked C. impressed D. terrified
19. A. sought B. failed C. refused D. managed
20. A. respond B. strike C. smile D. signal
21. A. doubting B. asking C. wondering D. confirming
22. A. solved B. gathered C. admitted D. learned
23. A. warning B. envelope C. call D. gift
24. A. reason B. love C. fault D. chance
25. A. puzzled B. upset C. relieved D. affected
26. A. hit B. tricked C. spotted D. guided
27. A. forest B. hospital C. flat D. plane
28. A. exhausted B. touched C. devoted D. trapped
29. A. Painfully B. Additionally C. Finally D. Immediately
30. A. break down B. apologize C. pull over D. stop
31. A. weak B. annoyed C. hurried D. gentle
32. A. held on B. picked up C. hung up D. settled down
33. A. deserved B. imagined C. calculated D. received
34. A. limited B. replaceable C. impossible D. fundamental
35. A. memories B. feelings C. manners D. reactions
36. A. exploration B. adventure C. experience D. journey
37. A. request B. goal C. motto D. reason
【答案】18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了外公去世时才发现还没有对他说处自己的爱，在病床前说出自己的心声，表达自己的感情，从此改变了作者的人生态度，处处充满感恩。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达他的病房时，我感到震惊的。他虚弱得几乎说不出话来。A. excited兴奋的；B. shocked震惊的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. terrified受惊吓的。结合下文“So weak was he that he was hardly able to speak.”，可知，看到外公虚弱的说不出话，作者感到很震惊。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，他还是喃喃地说：“我……你。”A. sought寻求；B.failed失败；C. refused拒绝；D. managed想方设法。根据“Somehow though”可知，尽管外公虚弱的说不出话，他还是设法成功的嘟哝了一句话。manage to do设法做某事，结果是成功的。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是他没有更多的力量来回应。A. respond回答；B. strike罢工；C. smile微笑；D. signal信号。结合上文"You what, Grandpa?"，可知，外公没有力气回答。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在想他是怎么极力想告诉我的。A. doubting怀疑；B. asking问；C. wondering想知道；D. confirming证实。根据上文作者一直没有得到外公的回答，可知，作者想知道外公说什么。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回家一周后，我收到了一封护士的来信，她告诉我外公说过：“打电话给我孙女，告诉她‘爱’。A. solved解决；B. gathered聚集；C. admitted承认；D. learned得知。根据后文“thinking why he would just say, "love".”，可知，作者知道了外公说过“爱”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回家一周后，我收到了一封护士的来信，她告诉我祖父说过：“打电话给我孙女，告诉她‘爱’。A. warning警告；B. envelope信封；C. call打电话；D. gift礼物。根据后文“Call my granddaughter”，可知护士应该是打电话。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回家一周后，我收到了一封护士的来信，她告诉我祖父说过：“打电话给我孙女，告诉她‘爱’。A. reason原因；B. love爱；C. fault错误；D. chance机会。根据下文“thinking why he would just say, "love".”，可知，此处应该是“love”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我有点困惑，想他为什么会说“爱”。A. puzzled困惑的；B. upset不安的；C. relieved缓解；D. affected有影响的。结合句中“thinking why he would just say, "love".”可知，作者有困惑。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我突然想到了。A. hit突然想起；B. tricked欺骗；C. spotted发现；D. guided指导。it hit sb.为固定用法，意为“某人突然想起”。故填A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在医院的那天，他一直想说：“我爱你。”A. forest森林；B. hospital医院；C. flat公寓；D. plane飞机。根据“When reaching his hospital room”可知，此处是信息词hospital的词汇复现。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的很感动，我觉得我好像要哭了，我真的哭了。A. exhausted疲倦的；B. touched感动的；C. devoted专心致志的；D. trapped陷入困境的。根据句中cry可知，此处表“感动的”。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我外公能说话了。A. Painfully痛苦地；B. Additionally另外；C. Finally最终；D. Immediately立即。根据后文句意，可知此处表达“最终”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，他必须在大约五分钟后停下来，因为他太虚弱了。A. break down出故障；B. apologize道歉；C. pull over靠边停车；D. stop停止。外公因为疾病原因，说话不长，需要停一下。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，他必须在大约五分钟后停下来，因为他太虚弱了。A. weak虚弱的；B. annoyed恼怒；C. hurried匆忙的；D. gentle温柔的。根据语境可知，外公一定是很虚弱的。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，每次我们挂断电话，他都会说，“我爱你”。A. held on抓住；B. picked up拿起；C. hung up挂断电话；D. settled down安顿。根据打电话习惯，一般都是快结束表达感情。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些，再加上他感人的话，“你是我活着的唯一理由”，这是我曾经收到过的最好的赞美。A. deserved应得；B. imagined想象；C. calculated计算；D. received收到。根据语境分析，此处应该表达“接收到”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我外公仍然病得很重，我知道我们的时间有限。A. limited有限的；B. replaceable代替的；C. impossible不可能的；D. fundamental基本的。根据外公的病情，可知他剩下的时间不多了。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他能和我分享他的感受，我感到非常荣幸。A. memories回忆；B. feelings感情；C. manners方式；D. reactions反应。根据上文外公表达的感情，可知此处表达“感情”。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意我从这次经历中学到了很多：A. exploration探索；B. adventure冒险；C. experience经历；D. journey旅程。根据本文讲述的故事可知，这是一次经历。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，简单的“我爱你”其实并不简单。这是活下去的理由。A. request要求；B. goal目标；C. motto格言；D. reason理由。根据上文“You are the only reason I live”，可知此处表达“理由”。故选D项。
第二节：语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下列单句，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
38. The failures have almost shaken my belief ________nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句连词。句意：这些失败几乎动摇了我的信念：只要有一颗意志坚强的心，没有什么是不可能的。分析句子结构可知，空处填连接代词引导同位语从句，根据句意可知，从句中不缺少成分，故填that。
39. The trees in the forest are unbelievably tall, some ________ (measure) more than 90 meters.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】measuring
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：森林里的树高得令人难以置信，有些树高达90多米。分析句子结构，some ________ (measure) more than 90 meters.是独立主格结构，“some”和“measure”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填measuring。
40. How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles scientists find hard ________ (solve). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to solve
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：生命是如何起源于地球的，这是科学家们发现难以解决的最大难题之一。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，“scientists find hard…”为从句修饰先行词“puzzles”，先行词在句中作“find”的宾语，“adj.+to do”作宾语补足语，此时不定式用主动形式表示被动含义，“solve”意为“解决”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to solve。
41. It is generally believed that a comet crashed ________ the earth and caused the disappearance. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】into
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：人们普遍认为是一颗彗星撞击地球导致了它的消失。crash into“撞击”为固定短语。故填into。
42. What excited them was that Henry just wanted ________ honest job rather than their charity. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】an
【解析】
【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：让他们兴奋的是亨利只是想要一份诚实的工作而不是他们的慈善事业。此处表示“一份”诚实的工作，honest中的h不发音，它是以元音音素开头的词，前面用an表示“一”。故答案为an。
43. He earned his passage by working as an unpaid worker, ________ accounted for his appearance. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他做义工来顶替船费，这就是他为什么衣冠不整的原因了。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中主语为上文整个句子的内容，即定语从句所修饰的先行词是整个句子并在后面的定语从句中作主语。所以，只能用which引导定语从句。故填which。
44. Their ideas combined they provided a ________(balance) menu with food full of energy and fiber.
【答案】balanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的想法结合在一起，提供了一个平衡的菜单，食物充满能量和纤维。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，再结合句意可知，balanced意为“平衡的”，故填balanced。
45. Curiosity drove him into her restaurant where he found no mutton, beef or bacon ________ (serve). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】served
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：好奇心驱使他走进她的餐馆，发现那里没有供应羊肉、牛肉和熏肉。该句是复合句，含where引导的定语从句；固定结构：find+宾语+宾语补足语，其中宾语no mutton, beef or bacon和serve之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填served。
46. "You ________ have arrived five minutes earlier for the class, but you didn't."complained the teacher. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】should
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你本应该提前五分钟来上课，但你没有。”老师抱怨道。根据“ but you didn't”可知，你本应该提前五分钟来上课，但你没有。should have done“ 本应该做某事而却没有”。故填should。
47. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our ________ (custom) and forget our work for a little while. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】customs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：节日让我们享受生活，为我们的习俗感到自豪，暂时忘记我们的工作。该空作宾语，用名词，表示“习俗”，通常使用复数。故填customs。
48. There have been many popular bands in the world ________ which the most famous was the Beatles.
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句介词+关系代词的用法。句意：世界上有很多流行乐队，其中最著名的是甲壳虫乐队。分析句子结构可知，空处和其后的which引导定语从句，其中which指代前文bands在结合句意可知，从句部分相当于the most famous of the bands was the Beatles，意为“其中最著名的乐队是甲壳虫乐队”，故填of。
49. The crazy fans discussed the musicians' personal life ________ (regular) as if they were close friends. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】regularly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：疯狂的歌迷们经常讨论这位音乐家的私生活，就好像他们是亲密的朋友一样。空处修饰动词discussed，需用副词作状语。故填regularly。
50. So far, no fact has come to light because the bones are still ________ (inspect). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being inspected
【解析】
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：到目前为止，还没有发现任何事实，因为骨头仍在检查中。because引导的原因状语从句中的主语the bones和谓语动词inspect是被动关系，再根据句中的still，可知从句用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案为being inspected。
51. The monkey means it is how the animals live together ________ we humans don't appreciate. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：猴子的意思是动物如何共同生活，这是我们人类不欣赏的。强调句型：It is/was +强调部分+that+其他。该句是强调句，强调how引导的从句。故答案为that。
52. As a six-year-old boy, he has no idea ________ people say to him money makes the mare go. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：作为一个六岁的男孩，他不知道为什么人们会对他说：有钱能使鬼推磨。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为同位语从句，空格处单词引导从句对抽象名词“idea”进行解释说明，从句中缺少原因状语，应用“why”引导从句。故填why。
第三节：按要求完成句子（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分）
阅读下列句子，并在保持句意基本不变的情况下进行同义转换或概括性转述。 注意：每空只填一个词。
53. The flying carpet took me to a place where wild animals were being protected.（同义句转换）
The flying carpet took me to where wild animals were under ________ .
【答案】protection
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：飞毯把我带到了一个野生动物受到保护的地方。转换后介词under后面用名词作宾语，under protection的意思是“受保护”。故答案为protection。
54. It is obvious that Tom won’t come although he promised Lily he would. (同义句转换)
________, Tom won’t come though he promised.
【答案】Obviously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然汤姆答应莉莉会来，但很明显他不会来。题目要求我们进行同义句转换，分析句子可知，我们需要将“It is obvious that”进行转换，根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处应用“Obviously”，意为“显然”，副词词性，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Obviously。
55. Wang Peng felt annoyed and impatient when he failed to attract customers to his restaurant. （同义句转换）
Finding his empty restaurant, Wang Peng felt ________.
【答案】anxious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：发现他的餐馆空荡荡的，王鹏感到焦虑不安。根据原文“Wang Peng felt annoyed and impatient when he failed to attract customers to his restaurant.(当王鹏未能吸引顾客到他的餐厅时，他感到恼火和不耐烦)”对比“Finding his empty restaurant, Wang Peng felt…”可知，Finding his empty restaurant是现在分词短语作状语，此处只需要更换“annoyed and impatient(恼火和不耐烦的)”的同义词，anxious焦虑的，构成系表结构，符合题意。故填anxious。
56. Many cowboys are born wild horse riders and can win thousands of dollars in prizes. （同义句转换）
Many cowboys have a ________ for riding wild horses and can win a large amount of money.
【答案】gift
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作宾语。原句意：许多牛仔天生就是野马骑手，能赢得数千美元的奖金。固定短语：have a gift for的意思是“有……的天赋”。故答案为gift。
57. Honestly speaking, a lot of people want very much and will try different ways to be rich and famous. （同义句转换）
To be honest, many people ________ great importance to becoming rich and famous.
【答案】attach
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：老实说，许多人把致富和出名看得很重要。 根据原句可知，此处是固定短语attach great importance to认为……有重要意义，符合题意，根据原句谓语动词可知，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。故填attach。
58. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.（概括性转述）
Some festivals are held to ________ famous people in history.
【答案】honor
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些节日是为了纪念历史上的名人而举行的。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。结合原文内容这里应该用动词honor表示“尊敬、纪念”名人。故填honor。
第四部分：写作（满分25分）
第一节：写作（满分25分）
59. 我们学习了马克. 吐温的小说《百万英镑》的部分节选内容，其中包括主人公Henry在一家餐馆的用餐经历。现请你根据文章所学内容，进行适当的改编，用记叙的方式转述Henry的用餐经历，具体要求如下。
1、内容要点：Henry进餐馆--- 女主人的反应及招待--- Henry点餐及用餐--- 女主人催促付款--- Henry出示大钞 --- 女主人的反应；
2、字数150字左右；
3、内容要求完整、连贯；语言要求有一定的细节描写。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After sitting down and putting the letter on the table, Harry ordered a variety of food. Then the waiter told him that it would cost a larger amount of money. Henry said he understood it. Seeing henry eat too much food, the owner was very surprised. After eating what he ordered, Harry asked for more of the same. As soon as it was two clock, he opened the envelope and held a million pound bank note in his hands, the hostess screamed and the owner thought he must be a rich man, so he told Harry that he couldn't change this bank note and asked Harry to forget the bill, expressing thanks from the bottom his heart . At last, Harry left the restaurant.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。我们学习了马克. 吐温的小说《百万英镑》的部分节选内容，其中包括主人公Henry在一家餐馆的用餐经历。现请你根据文章所学内容，进行适当的改编，用记叙的方式转述Henry的用餐经历，
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样：all kinds of→ a variety of
许多：a lot of→ a larger amount of
吃惊：be astonished→ be very surprised
感激：be very grateful to sb→ express thanks from the bottom one’s heart
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After sitting down and putting the letter on the table, Harry ordered a variety of food. Then the waiter told him that it would cost a larger amount of money.
拓展句：After sitting down and putting the letter on the table, Harry ordered a variety of food, which would cost a larger amount of money.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Seeing henry eat too much food, the owner was very surprised. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] After eating what he ordered, Harry asked for more of the same. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
诸暨市—第二学期期末考试试题
高一英语
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the performance be presented?
A. In an opera house. B. In a movie theatre. C. In a concert room.
2. How will the woman probably go to Frazier's Department Store?
A By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At school. B. In a hospital. C. At home.
4. How does the woman feel after the dance class?
A. Happy. B. Disappointed. C. Tired.
5. What are the speakers talking about in general?
A. Photos. B. Animals. C. Snow.
第二节（共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。
6. In what way does the man care about the electric heater?
A. The brand. B. The price. C. The model.
7. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man will pay $250.
B. The man won't buy the electric heater.
C. The man won't get an additional discount at last.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。
8. What did the man do on Saturday?
A. He had a picnic. B. He finished a paper. C. He visited some friends.
9. What do we know about the man's picnic?
A. He was too busy to go for it.
B. He had a really pleasant time on the picnic.
C. The picnic was probably spoiled by the unexpected weather.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。
10. What relation is Jack to the woman?
A. Her husband. B. Her co-worker. C. Her neighbor.
11. What do we know about Jack?
A. He cannot cook at all.
B. He does lots of housework.
C. His office is far from home.
12. What does the man think of Jack?
A. Devoted. B. Easy-going. C. Amazing.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。
13. Why was the man late for his flight?
A. He looked for his suitcase.
B. His arranged taxi didn't turn up.
C. He went back home to get his passport.
14. How did the man get to Lombok from Bali?
A. By ship. B. By taxi. C. By air.
15. What happened when the man was swimming?
A. He was hurt by a fish.
B. He had a sudden headache.
C. He couldn't head back to the beach.
16. What did the man do in Lombok?
A. He climbed the mountain.
B. He enjoyed the sunset.
C. He helped a taxi driver.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。
17. When did people celebrate the first Thanksgiving?
A. In 1621. B. In 1776. C. In 1863.
18. Which holiday marks the end of the summer season?
A. Thanksgiving. B. Labor Day. C. Cinco de Mayo.
19. Where does Cino de Mayo come from?
A. Britain. B. Mexico. C. France.
20. What is mainly talked about in the speech?
A. The importance of the festivals.
B. The origin of the festivals.
C. Some American festivals.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分34分）
第一节（共12个小题；每小题2分，满分24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
(A)
Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely by looking both ways for cars. But do they also teach them to put away their cell phones?
Texting while crossing the street will soon be forbidden in the city of Honolulu, Hawaii. Beginning on October 24, you could be fined from $15 to $99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to forbid what is called "distracted (分心的) walking." It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote. The law says: "No pedestrian (行人) shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device (设备)." In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.
The law’s creators hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city. Mayor Kirk Caldwell told Reuters news agency, "We hold the unfortunate distinction (区分) of being a major city with more pedestrians being hit in crosswalks, particularly our seniors (老年人), than almost any other city in the country."
The law includes all electronic devices with screens: cell phones, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers. The law does permit an exception. Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.
Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cell phones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased 25 percent between 2010 and 2015. That trend (趋势) continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6000, 11% higher than in 2015.
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid being fined in Honolulu (and be safer, in general) by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait until you are again, safely, off the street.
1. What is the new law about in Honolulu, Hawaii?
A. Pedestrians must follow traffic rules while on the street.
B. Texting is not allowed while crossing the street.
C. Cell phones cannot be used for the sake of safety.
D. Ways to reduce deaths caused by traffic accidents.
2. What will happen to a pedestrian if he looks at a screen when crossing the street?
A. He will be grounded. B. His electronic device will be taken away.
C. He will receive a fine. D. His identity will be made public online.
3. How do you understand the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Only voice-controlled digital assistants can be used while walking.
B. Only police officers can use such devices when emergency arises.
C. Only one such device can be allowed to use when crossing the street.
D. Only in case of emergency can a pedestrian be allowed to use a cell phone .
4. Why is it necessary to pass such a law in Honolulu, Hawaii?
A. To cut down on accidents caused by "distracted walking".
B. To make sure electronic devices will be properly used.
C To make the city as safe as the other ones while walking.
D. To force parents to teach their children to walk with care .
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍在Honolulu, Hawaii市颁布的一项法律，行人过马路时如果看屏幕会收到罚款，这样做是为了减少因“走路分心”而造成的事故。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Texting while crossing the street will soon be forbidden in the city of Honolulu, Hawaii.(夏威夷火奴鲁鲁市不久将禁止过马路时发短信)” 可知，夏威夷火奴鲁鲁的新法律是关于过马路时不允许发短信。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The law says: "No pedestrian (行人) shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device (设备)." In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.(法律规定：“行人不得在过马路或高速公路时看移动电子设备。”换句话说，过马路时不要看屏幕，否则会被罚款)”可知，行人过马路时如果看屏幕会收到罚款。故选C。
【3题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.(行人可以在街上使用这些设备呼叫紧急服务和救援人员，如消防队员和警察)”可知，划线句子“The law does permit an exception.(法律确实允许有例外)”的意思是“只有在紧急情况下，行人才可以使用手机”。故选D。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The law’s creators hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city.(该法律的制定者希望它能减少城市中被汽车撞死的人数)”可知，之所以有必要在夏威夷的檀香山通过这样一项法律，是为了减少因“走路分心”而造成的事故。故选A。
(B)
What makes people happier: money or having happy friends and neighbors? Researchers from Harvard University have found an answer as part of a study.
Nicholas Christakis and James Fowler based the study on the emotional (情感的) health of almost five thousand people. They used information gathered over a period of twenty years, until two thousand three, in the Framingham Heart Study.
The new study found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves. And the smaller the physical distance between friends, the larger the effect they had on each other's happiness. For example, a person was twenty percent more likely to feel happy if a friend living within one and a half kilometers was also happy. Having a happy neighbor who lived next door increased an individual's (个人的) chance of being happy by thirty-four percent. The effects of friends' happiness lasted for up to a year.
The researchers found that happiness really is contagious. Sadness also spread among friends, but not as much as happiness. People removed by as much as three degrees of separation still had an effect on a person's happiness. Three degrees of separation means the friend of a friend of a friend.
The study showed that having an extra five thousand dollars increased a person's chances of becoming happier by about two percent. But the researchers found that the influence of a friend of a friend of a friend can be greater than that.
Another finding is that people who are married or work together do not have as much of an effect on happiness as friends do.
The study is described as the first to show the indirect spread of happiness. In other words, that your emotions can be affected by someone you do not directly know.
Earlier studies by the two researchers described the effects of social networks on obesity and efforts to stop smoking. The new study shows that happiness spreads through social networks like an emotional virus.
5. According to the passage, what is the best answer to the question raised in paragraph 1?
A. A large sum of money. B. Friendly neighbors.
C. Happy coworkers. D. Happy friends.
6. By using the word "contagious" in paragraph 4, the author means ______.
A. happiness spreads among friends B. happiness is more welcome than sadness
C. happiness benefits health greatly D. happiness influences friendship in a way
7. What kind of virus is the one mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. A virus people would try to stay away from.
B. A virus people would be happy to catch.
C. A virus that has proved to be most harmful.
D. A virus that would help a friendship last .
8. The passage is meant to ______.
A. inform B. persuade
C. advertise D. argue
【答案】5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。是什么让人更快乐：金钱还是拥有快乐的朋友和邻居？哈佛大学的研究人员在一项研究中找到了答案：快乐的朋友！快乐就像病毒一样在朋友之间传播。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一行“The new study found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves.(这项新的研究发现，快乐的人的朋友也更有可能快乐)”可知，文章开头的问题答案是，和快乐开心的人交朋友，你自己也会快乐起来。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下一句“Sadness also spread among friends, but not as much as happiness.(悲伤也会在朋友之间传播，但没有快乐那么多)”其中also表示，悲伤和快乐一样可以在朋友间传播。由此推知，contagious和spread意思相近。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Earlier studies by the two researchers described the effects of social networks on obesity and efforts to stop smoking. The new study shows that happiness spreads through social networks like an emotional virus.(这两位研究人员的早期研究描述了社交网络对肥胖和戒烟的影响。这项新研究表明，快乐就像情感病毒一样通过社交网络传播)”可知，研究员把快乐比作病毒，那肯定是一种人人都想感染上的一种病毒。故选B项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“What makes people happier: money or having happy friends and neighbors? Researchers from Harvard University have found an answer as part of a study.(是什么让人更快乐:金钱还是拥有快乐的朋友和邻居？哈佛大学的研究人员在一项研究中找到了答案)”及下文介绍可知，本文介绍了科研人员的新发现，那就是快乐可以在朋友之间传播，和快乐的人结交自己也会变得快乐。由此推知，本文的写作意图是告知。故选A项。
(C)
Many people believe that teaching children music makes them smarter, better able to learn new things. Researchers, however, have found that there’s one thing musical training does not do. They say it does not make children more intelligent.
Samuel Mehr is a graduate student at Harvard’s School of Education. He said it is wrong to think that learning to play a musical instrument improves a child’s intellectual development. He says the evidence comes from studies that measured the mental ability of two groups of 4-year-olds and their parents. One group attended music class, the other went to a class that places importance on the visual arts — arts that can be seen. “The evidence there is ‘no.’ We found no evidence for any advantage on any of these tests for the kids taking part in these music classes,” said Mehr.
Samuel Mehr says researchers have carried out many studies in an effort to learn whether musical training can make children smarter. He says the results have been mixed. He says only one study seems to show a small percentage increase in IQ, intellectual scores among students after one year of music lessons. He does not believe that IQ is a good measure of a child’s intelligence. He says researchers in his study compared how well children in the musical training group did on mental processing tasks or projects, then the results were compared to those of children who did not take lessons. There was no evidence that the musical training group did much better on the mental tasks than the other group. The researchers confirmed the results with a larger group of children and their parents.
Mr Mehr says music lessons may not offer children a fast easy way to gain entry to the best schools later of their life. But he says the training is still important for cultural reasons. In his words, “We teach music because music is important for us.”
He notes that the works of writer William Shakespeare are not taught, so the children will do better in physics. He says Shakespeare is taught because it is important. “And I don’t think music needs to be any different than that.”
9. Different from the common belief, Samuel Mehr believes that ______.
A. playing musical instrument makes children more intelligent
B. musical training has no evident link to children’s intelligence
C learning to play musical instrument is not worthwhile at all.
D. music lessons can increase children’s IQ and make them smarter
10. How did Samuel Mehr try to prove his own belief?
A. By attending music lessons himself. B. By consulting experts.
C. By comparing different groups. D. By talking to parents.
11. What does the underlined words “the results” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Music lessons probably help to gain better performance.
B. Musical training has no positive effect on children at all.
C. Music lessons have different influences on different people.
D. Musical training cannot possibly make children smarter.
12. Why does the author mention “William Shakespeare” in the last paragraph?
A. To tell us music is taught because of its great importance.
B. To show us the importance of studying Shakespeare’s works.
C. To argue that music lessons cannot make children smarter
D. To make us realize Shakespeare is as important as music.
【答案】9. B 10. C 11. D 12. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛大学最近的一项研究表示，没有证据支持接受了音乐教育的孩子比没有接受音乐教育的孩子表现得更好。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Samuel Mehr is a graduate student at Harvard’s School of Education. He said it is wrong to think that learning to play a musical instrument improves a child’s intellectual development.(Samuel Mehr是哈佛大学教育学院的一名研究生。他说，认为学习演奏乐器能促进儿童智力发展的想法是错误的)”可知，Samuel Mehr认为学习与促进儿童智力发展是错误的。由此可知，学习与提高儿童智力之间没有关系。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He says the evidence comes from studies that measured the mental ability of two groups of 4-year-olds and their parents. One group attended music class, the other went to a class that places importance on the visual arts — arts that can be seen.(他说，这些证据来自对两组4岁儿童及其父母的智力进行测量的研究。一组上音乐课，另一组上视觉艺术课——看得见的艺术)”可知，一组上音乐课，一组上视觉课。由此可知，Samuel Mehr试图通过比较不同的群体来证明自己的观点。故选C。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“There was no evidence that the musical training group did much better on the mental tasks than the other group. The researchers confirmed the results with a larger group of children and their parents. (没有证据表明音乐训练组在智力测试中比另一组表现更好。研究人员在一大批儿童和他们的父母身上证实了这一结果)”可推知，the results指的是“音乐训练不可能使孩子更聪明”。故选D。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He notes that the works of writer William Shakespeare are not taught, so the children will do better in physics. He says Shakespeare is taught because it is important. “And I don’t think music needs to be any different than that.” 他指出，没有教授作家威廉·莎士比亚的作品，所以孩子们在物理上会做得更好。他说教授莎士比亚是因为它很重要。“我认为音乐也不需要有什么不同。”)”可知，作者在最后一段提到“威廉·莎士比亚”是想告诉我们，音乐被教是因为它的重要性。故选A。
第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Health Benefits of Gardening
Gardening is popular in many parts of the world. This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables. ___13___
Reduces loneliness
Gardening connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors. ___14___ Most people love to talk about their hobbies, and gardeners are no different. They usually enjoy showing people what they are growing. And most enjoy sharing advice and stories about their gardens.
___15___
Gardening is a great activity to do with children. Children can learn about nature and wildlife. Gardening can teach a child about where food comes from and healthy eating. It can also help them to understand the limits of natural resources and the importance of using them carefully.
Vitamin D
___16___ This means you are getting Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies use calcium. That is necessary to keep bones strong. Vitamin D also helps us fight diseases.
Exercise
When you garden you must move around. All the different movements needed for gardening — bending, twisting, stretching and lifting — work small muscles in the body. And you can easily get a good work out when you are digging holes or pulling weeds.
Brain health
Gardening may help your brain stay young. Activities such as gardening use many repeated actions, such as weeding or dead-heading (removing dying flowers from a plant). ___17___ The brain is still active but not in the same way that it is, say, when we use computers. In our technology-filled lives, gardening offers a chance to unplug. You cannot hold a phone or other electronic devices when your hands are filled with dirt.
A. Gardening can be a great teacher.
B. But it also gives us many health benefits.
C. Harvests from gardening are organic food.
D. These actions have a calming effect on the brain.
E. So it is a perfect time to socialize with your neighbors.
F. When you are in your garden, you might feel the sunshine on your skin.
G. Gardening can also give you the feeling that you have done something good.
【答案】13. B 14. E 15. A 16. F 17. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了园艺对人身体健康的诸多好处。
【13题详解】
根据上文“This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables.(这种户外活动给了我们美丽的植物，芳香的花朵和新鲜的水果和蔬菜)”可知，这里说明了园艺的益处，结合下文从几个方面介绍了园艺对健康的好处。由此可知，该空承上启下，指出园艺对健康也有好处。B选项“但它也给我们的健康带来很多好处”切题，故选B。
【14题详解】
根据上文“Gardening connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors.(园艺连接人。当你在做园艺工作时，你是在户外)”可知，该空承接上文，说明身处户外时，所造成的结果，E选项“所以，这是一个与你的邻居社交的完美时间”切题，其中，选项中的“socialize with”对应上文中的“connects”，故选E。
【15题详解】
该空为段落小标题，根据下文“Gardening is a great activity to do with children. Children can learn about nature and wildlife. Gardening can teach a child about where food comes from and healthy eating. It can also help them to understand the limits of natural resources and the importance of using them carefully.(园艺是和孩子们一起做的一项很好的活动。 孩子们可以了解自然和野生动物。园艺可以教会孩子食物的来源和健康的饮食。它还可以帮助他们了解自然资源的限度和谨慎使用它们的重要性)”可知，园艺教给孩子们很多知识，就如同孩子们的老师一样。A选项“园艺是一位伟大的老师”切题，其中，选项中的“teacher”对应下文中的“teach”，故选A。
【16题详解】
根据下文“This means you are getting Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies use calcium.(这意味着你得到了维生素D，维生素D帮助我们的身体利用钙)”可知，这里指出了一个结果，该空引出下文，说明造成这个结果的原因，F选项“当你在花园里时，你可能会感觉到阳光照在你的皮肤上”切题，下文中的“This”指代选项中“you might feel the sunshine on your skin”这种情况，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Gardening may help your brain stay young. Activities such as gardening use many repeated actions, such as weeding or dead-heading (removing dying flowers from a plant). (园艺可以帮助你的大脑保持年轻。园艺等活动使用许多重复的动作，如除草或摘除枯花（从植物上摘除垂死的花朵))”可知，这里提到了园艺中的一些活动，该空承接上文，说明这些活动对大脑有怎样的影响。D选项“这些动作对大脑有镇静作用”切题，其中，选项中的“These actions”指代上文中的“weeding or dead-heading”，选项中的“brain”对应上文中的“brain”，故选D。
第三部分：语言运用（共三节，满分41分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。
While my grandfather was in hospital, I flew to see him. I was fearful I wouldn't see him again.
When reaching his hospital room, I was ___18___. So weak was he that he was hardly able to speak. Somehow though, he ___19___ to mumble（嘟哝）, "I ...you."
"You what, Grandpa?" I whispered. But he didn't have any more strength to ___20___.
The next morning I had to leave. I kept ___21___ what it was that he had tried so hard to tell me. It wasn't until I was back home that I ___22___ what it was.
A week after I returned home, I received a/an ___23___ from a nurse who told me my grandfather had said, "Call my granddaughter and tell her '___24___'." At first I was a little ___25___, thinking why he would just say, "love". Why not "I love you"? Then it ___26___ me. The day I was in the ___27___ he had been trying to say, "I love you." Really ___28___, I felt as if I was going to cry, and I did.
___29___, my grandfather was able to talk. I called him every night. Normally he had to ___30___ after about five minutes because he was too ___31___. No matter what, though, every time we___32___ he would say, "I love you" . These, along with his moving words, "You are the only reason I live," are the best compliments（称赞） I have ever ___33___.
My grandfather is still very ill and I know our time is ___34___. I feel very honored that he has shared his ___35___ with me. I have learned a lot from this ___36___. But the most important one is that a simple "I love you" is really not simple. It is a/an ___37___ for living.
18. A. excited B. shocked C. impressed D. terrified
19. A. sought B. failed C. refused D. managed
20. A. respond B. strike C. smile D. signal
21. A. doubting B. asking C. wondering D. confirming
22. A. solved B. gathered C. admitted D. learned
23. A. warning B. envelope C. call D. gift
24. A. reason B. love C. fault D. chance
25. A. puzzled B. upset C. relieved D. affected
26. A. hit B. tricked C. spotted D. guided
27. A. forest B. hospital C. flat D. plane
28. A. exhausted B. touched C. devoted D. trapped
29. A. Painfully B. Additionally C. Finally D. Immediately
30. A. break down B. apologize C. pull over D. stop
31. A. weak B. annoyed C. hurried D. gentle
32. A. held on B. picked up C. hung up D. settled down
33. A. deserved B. imagined C. calculated D. received
34. A. limited B. replaceable C. impossible D. fundamental
35. A. memories B. feelings C. manners D. reactions
36. A. exploration B. adventure C. experience D. journey
37. A. request B. goal C. motto D. reason
【答案】18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了外公去世时才发现还没有对他说处自己的爱，在病床前说出自己的心声，表达自己的感情，从此改变了作者的人生态度，处处充满感恩。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达他的病房时，我感到震惊的。他虚弱得几乎说不出话来。A. excited兴奋的；B. shocked震惊的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. terrified受惊吓的。结合下文“So weak was he that he was hardly able to speak.”，可知，看到外公虚弱的说不出话，作者感到很震惊。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，他还是喃喃地说：“我……你。”A. sought寻求；B.failed失败；C. refused拒绝；D. managed想方设法。根据“Somehow though”可知，尽管外公虚弱的说不出话，他还是设法成功的嘟哝了一句话。manage to do设法做某事，结果是成功的。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是他没有更多的力量来回应。A. respond回答；B. strike罢工；C. smile微笑；D. signal信号。结合上文"You what, Grandpa?"，可知，外公没有力气回答。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在想他是怎么极力想告诉我的。A. doubting怀疑；B. asking问；C. wondering想知道；D. confirming证实。根据上文作者一直没有得到外公的回答，可知，作者想知道外公说什么。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回家一周后，我收到了一封护士的来信，她告诉我外公说过：“打电话给我孙女，告诉她‘爱’。A. solved解决；B. gathered聚集；C. admitted承认；D. learned得知。根据后文“thinking why he would just say, "love".”，可知，作者知道了外公说过“爱”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回家一周后，我收到了一封护士的来信，她告诉我祖父说过：“打电话给我孙女，告诉她‘爱’。A. warning警告；B. envelope信封；C. call打电话；D. gift礼物。根据后文“Call my granddaughter”，可知护士应该是打电话。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回家一周后，我收到了一封护士的来信，她告诉我祖父说过：“打电话给我孙女，告诉她‘爱’。A. reason原因；B. love爱；C. fault错误；D. chance机会。根据下文“thinking why he would just say, "love".”，可知，此处应该是“love”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我有点困惑，想他为什么会说“爱”。A. puzzled困惑的；B. upset不安的；C. relieved缓解；D. affected有影响的。结合句中“thinking why he would just say, "love".”可知，作者有困惑。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我突然想到了。A. hit突然想起；B. tricked欺骗；C. spotted发现；D. guided指导。it hit sb.为固定用法，意为“某人突然想起”。故填A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在医院的那天，他一直想说：“我爱你。”A. forest森林；B. hospital医院；C. flat公寓；D. plane飞机。根据“When reaching his hospital room”可知，此处是信息词hospital的词汇复现。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的很感动，我觉得我好像要哭了，我真的哭了。A. exhausted疲倦的；B. touched感动的；C. devoted专心致志的；D. trapped陷入困境的。根据句中cry可知，此处表“感动的”。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我外公能说话了。A. Painfully痛苦地；B. Additionally另外；C. Finally最终；D. Immediately立即。根据后文句意，可知此处表达“最终”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，他必须在大约五分钟后停下来，因为他太虚弱了。A. break down出故障；B. apologize道歉；C. pull over靠边停车；D. stop停止。外公因为疾病原因，说话不长，需要停一下。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，他必须在大约五分钟后停下来，因为他太虚弱了。A. weak虚弱的；B. annoyed恼怒；C. hurried匆忙的；D. gentle温柔的。根据语境可知，外公一定是很虚弱的。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，每次我们挂断电话，他都会说，“我爱你”。A. held on抓住；B. picked up拿起；C. hung up挂断电话；D. settled down安顿。根据打电话习惯，一般都是快结束表达感情。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些，再加上他感人的话，“你是我活着的唯一理由”，这是我曾经收到过的最好的赞美。A. deserved应得；B. imagined想象；C. calculated计算；D. received收到。根据语境分析，此处应该表达“接收到”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我外公仍然病得很重，我知道我们的时间有限。A. limited有限的；B. replaceable代替的；C. impossible不可能的；D. fundamental基本的。根据外公的病情，可知他剩下的时间不多了。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他能和我分享他的感受，我感到非常荣幸。A. memories回忆；B. feelings感情；C. manners方式；D. reactions反应。根据上文外公表达的感情，可知此处表达“感情”。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意我从这次经历中学到了很多：A. exploration探索；B. adventure冒险；C. experience经历；D. journey旅程。根据本文讲述的故事可知，这是一次经历。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，简单的“我爱你”其实并不简单。这是活下去的理由。A. request要求；B. goal目标；C. motto格言；D. reason理由。根据上文“You are the only reason I live”，可知此处表达“理由”。故选D项。
第二节：语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下列单句，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
38. The failures have almost shaken my belief ________nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句连词。句意：这些失败几乎动摇了我的信念：只要有一颗意志坚强的心，没有什么是不可能的。分析句子结构可知，空处填连接代词引导同位语从句，根据句意可知，从句中不缺少成分，故填that。
39. The trees in the forest are unbelievably tall, some ________ (measure) more than 90 meters.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】measuring
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：森林里的树高得令人难以置信，有些树高达90多米。分析句子结构，some ________ (measure) more than 90 meters.是独立主格结构，“some”和“measure”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填measuring。
40. How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles scientists find hard ________ (solve). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to solve
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：生命是如何起源于地球的，这是科学家们发现难以解决的最大难题之一。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，“scientists find hard…”为从句修饰先行词“puzzles”，先行词在句中作“find”的宾语，“adj.+to do”作宾语补足语，此时不定式用主动形式表示被动含义，“solve”意为“解决”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to solve。
41. It is generally believed that a comet crashed ________ the earth and caused the disappearance. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】into
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：人们普遍认为是一颗彗星撞击地球导致了它的消失。crash into“撞击”为固定短语。故填into。
42. What excited them was that Henry just wanted ________ honest job rather than their charity. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】an
【解析】
【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：让他们兴奋的是亨利只是想要一份诚实的工作而不是他们的慈善事业。此处表示“一份”诚实的工作，honest中的h不发音，它是以元音音素开头的词，前面用an表示“一”。故答案为an。
43. He earned his passage by working as an unpaid worker, ________ accounted for his appearance. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他做义工来顶替船费，这就是他为什么衣冠不整的原因了。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中主语为上文整个句子的内容，即定语从句所修饰的先行词是整个句子并在后面的定语从句中作主语。所以，只能用which引导定语从句。故填which。
44. Their ideas combined they provided a ________(balance) menu with food full of energy and fiber.
【答案】balanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的想法结合在一起，提供了一个平衡的菜单，食物充满能量和纤维。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，再结合句意可知，balanced意为“平衡的”，故填balanced。
45. Curiosity drove him into her restaurant where he found no mutton, beef or bacon ________ (serve). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】served
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：好奇心驱使他走进她的餐馆，发现那里没有供应羊肉、牛肉和熏肉。该句是复合句，含where引导的定语从句；固定结构：find+宾语+宾语补足语，其中宾语no mutton, beef or bacon和serve之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填served。
46. "You ________ have arrived five minutes earlier for the class, but you didn't."complained the teacher. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】should
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你本应该提前五分钟来上课，但你没有。”老师抱怨道。根据“ but you didn't”可知，你本应该提前五分钟来上课，但你没有。should have done“ 本应该做某事而却没有”。故填should。
47. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our ________ (custom) and forget our work for a little while. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】customs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：节日让我们享受生活，为我们的习俗感到自豪，暂时忘记我们的工作。该空作宾语，用名词，表示“习俗”，通常使用复数。故填customs。
48. There have been many popular bands in the world ________ which the most famous was the Beatles.
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句介词+关系代词的用法。句意：世界上有很多流行乐队，其中最著名的是甲壳虫乐队。分析句子结构可知，空处和其后的which引导定语从句，其中which指代前文bands在结合句意可知，从句部分相当于the most famous of the bands was the Beatles，意为“其中最著名的乐队是甲壳虫乐队”，故填of。
49. The crazy fans discussed the musicians' personal life ________ (regular) as if they were close friends. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】regularly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：疯狂的歌迷们经常讨论这位音乐家的私生活，就好像他们是亲密的朋友一样。空处修饰动词discussed，需用副词作状语。故填regularly。
50. So far, no fact has come to light because the bones are still ________ (inspect). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being inspected
【解析】
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：到目前为止，还没有发现任何事实，因为骨头仍在检查中。because引导的原因状语从句中的主语the bones和谓语动词inspect是被动关系，再根据句中的still，可知从句用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案为being inspected。
51. The monkey means it is how the animals live together ________ we humans don't appreciate. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：猴子的意思是动物如何共同生活，这是我们人类不欣赏的。强调句型：It is/was +强调部分+that+其他。该句是强调句，强调how引导的从句。故答案为that。
52. As a six-year-old boy, he has no idea ________ people say to him money makes the mare go. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：作为一个六岁的男孩，他不知道为什么人们会对他说：有钱能使鬼推磨。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为同位语从句，空格处单词引导从句对抽象名词“idea”进行解释说明，从句中缺少原因状语，应用“why”引导从句。故填why。
第三节：按要求完成句子（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分）
阅读下列句子，并在保持句意基本不变的情况下进行同义转换或概括性转述。 注意：每空只填一个词。
53. The flying carpet took me to a place where wild animals were being protected.（同义句转换）
The flying carpet took me to where wild animals were under ________ .
【答案】protection
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：飞毯把我带到了一个野生动物受到保护的地方。转换后介词under后面用名词作宾语，under protection的意思是“受保护”。故答案为protection。
54. It is obvious that Tom won’t come although he promised Lily he would. (同义句转换)
________, Tom won’t come though he promised.
【答案】Obviously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然汤姆答应莉莉会来，但很明显他不会来。题目要求我们进行同义句转换，分析句子可知，我们需要将“It is obvious that”进行转换，根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处应用“Obviously”，意为“显然”，副词词性，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Obviously。
55. Wang Peng felt annoyed and impatient when he failed to attract customers to his restaurant. （同义句转换）
Finding his empty restaurant, Wang Peng felt ________.
【答案】anxious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：发现他的餐馆空荡荡的，王鹏感到焦虑不安。根据原文“Wang Peng felt annoyed and impatient when he failed to attract customers to his restaurant.(当王鹏未能吸引顾客到他的餐厅时，他感到恼火和不耐烦)”对比“Finding his empty restaurant, Wang Peng felt…”可知，Finding his empty restaurant是现在分词短语作状语，此处只需要更换“annoyed and impatient(恼火和不耐烦的)”的同义词，anxious焦虑的，构成系表结构，符合题意。故填anxious。
56. Many cowboys are born wild horse riders and can win thousands of dollars in prizes. （同义句转换）
Many cowboys have a ________ for riding wild horses and can win a large amount of money.
【答案】gift
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作宾语。原句意：许多牛仔天生就是野马骑手，能赢得数千美元的奖金。固定短语：have a gift for的意思是“有……的天赋”。故答案为gift。
57. Honestly speaking, a lot of people want very much and will try different ways to be rich and famous. （同义句转换）
To be honest, many people ________ great importance to becoming rich and famous.
【答案】attach
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：老实说，许多人把致富和出名看得很重要。 根据原句可知，此处是固定短语attach great importance to认为……有重要意义，符合题意，根据原句谓语动词可知，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。故填attach。
58. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.（概括性转述）
Some festivals are held to ________ famous people in history.
【答案】honor
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些节日是为了纪念历史上的名人而举行的。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。结合原文内容这里应该用动词honor表示“尊敬、纪念”名人。故填honor。
第四部分：写作（满分25分）
第一节：写作（满分25分）
59. 我们学习了马克. 吐温的小说《百万英镑》的部分节选内容，其中包括主人公Henry在一家餐馆的用餐经历。现请你根据文章所学内容，进行适当的改编，用记叙的方式转述Henry的用餐经历，具体要求如下。
1、内容要点：Henry进餐馆--- 女主人的反应及招待--- Henry点餐及用餐--- 女主人催促付款--- Henry出示大钞 --- 女主人的反应；
2、字数150字左右；
3、内容要求完整、连贯；语言要求有一定的细节描写。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After sitting down and putting the letter on the table, Harry ordered a variety of food. Then the waiter told him that it would cost a larger amount of money. Henry said he understood it. Seeing henry eat too much food, the owner was very surprised. After eating what he ordered, Harry asked for more of the same. As soon as it was two clock, he opened the envelope and held a million pound bank note in his hands, the hostess screamed and the owner thought he must be a rich man, so he told Harry that he couldn't change this bank note and asked Harry to forget the bill, expressing thanks from the bottom his heart . At last, Harry left the restaurant.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。我们学习了马克. 吐温的小说《百万英镑》的部分节选内容，其中包括主人公Henry在一家餐馆的用餐经历。现请你根据文章所学内容，进行适当的改编，用记叙的方式转述Henry的用餐经历，
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样：all kinds of→ a variety of
许多：a lot of→ a larger amount of
吃惊：be astonished→ be very surprised
感激：be very grateful to sb→ express thanks from the bottom one’s heart
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After sitting down and putting the letter on the table, Harry ordered a variety of food. Then the waiter told him that it would cost a larger amount of money.
拓展句：After sitting down and putting the letter on the table, Harry ordered a variety of food, which would cost a larger amount of money.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Seeing henry eat too much food, the owner was very surprised. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] After eating what he ordered, Harry asked for more of the same. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
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