2023届福建省福州市鼓楼区第一中学高三英语一模试题（不含听力）

学校：　　　　　　　　　准考证号：　　　　　　　　　姓名：　　　　　　.

福州一中2023届高中毕业班适应性练习卷（一）

英语

注意事项：              

1．答题前，学生务必在练习卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的学校、准考证号、姓名。学生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与学生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本练习卷上无效。

3．练习结束后，学生必须将练习卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）　略

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

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Flamingo (火烈鸟)

Biologist and photographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet lands and forests of his native Mexico—and beyond—to feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty. teNeues, £35.

Around the World in 80 Birds

Inspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans-Himalayan journey at an extreme altitude. Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake. Laurence King Publishing, £22.

A World on the Wing

Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, £9.99.

Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds

Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos: Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross (信天翁). This is their clever and amusing account. Bradt Guides, £11.99.

21．By whom is the second costliest book illustrated?

A．Claudio Contreras Koob. B．Mike Unwin.

C．Ryuto Miyake. D．Weidensaul.

22．Which book best suits those concerned about the survival of migratory birds?

A．Flamingo. B．Around the World in 80 Birds.

C．A World on the Wing. D．Galapagos: Island of Birds.

23．What feature may Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds have?

A．Its humorous description. B．Its romantic style.

C．Its vivid imagination. D．Its moving plot.

B

As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.

While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.

I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.

Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself.

Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me.

24．What made the author want to leave her hometown?

A．Appeal of convenience in cities.    B．Her dream of becoming a writer.

C．Outside prejudice against southerners.   D．Her desire for the northern accent.

25．How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother?

A．Upset.   B．Pleased.   C．Ashamed.   D．Surprised.

26．Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent?

A．To prove herself right. B．To help Emily be a reporter.

C．To make herself influential. D．To protect Emily’s self-dignity.

27．What message does the text want to convey?

A．Stay true to your roots. B．Never do things by halves.

C．Hold on to your dreams. D．Never judge a person by his accent.

C

Stéphanie Frappart made history on Thursday as the first woman to referee (裁判) a men’s World Cup match. Alongside assistants Neuza Back from Brazil and Karen Diaz from Mexico, the Frenchwoman was part of an all-female refereeing trio officiating Costa Rica vs. Germany in their Group E match.

Throughout her career, Frappart has achieved a seemingly endless series of firsts. In April 2019, she became the first female referee to take charge of a Ligue 1 match, in August 2019, the first to take charge of a major men’s European match, and in 2020, the first to officiate a men’s UEFA Champions League match.

At the World Cup,a referee might make 245 decisions in a single game, Sky Sports estimates, and if just one is wrong, it will be analyzed in microscopic detail.

It could alter the course of a game, or even a team’s World Cup-denying it a title or ensuring it progresses no further in the tournament. “When you make a mistake, it’s more important than if a player makes a mistake-there are more consequences for the teams,” Frappart says. “It’s also easy to say that it’s the fault of the referee and not the fault of our team when you lose.”

Inevitably, female referees are carefully examined, as they straddle (跨越) two traditionally male-dominated fields: football and leadership. “There are many questions involved if she’s there because she’s a woman.” Frappart recalls when she made her debut in Ligue. “It’s not only in football. I think in every job when you’re a woman you need to prove that you have the quality and after that they let you continue.” But as Frappart refereed more matches, the stance towards her gradually changed. “Now, it’s not a question of gender. It’s now only a question about competencies.”

With women refereeing, the matches at the Qatar World Cup broadcast to huge audiences worldwide. Frappart knew it encouraged more women to pick up a whistle and take more and more responsibility. “So if you have more female referees on the TV perhaps it might make it easier for women to say: ‘OK, this is possible.’”

28．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．Frappart’s life experience. B．Frappart’s achievements.

C．Frappart’s contributions. D．Frappart’s habits.

29．Which of the following words can best describe Frappart’s job as a referee?

A．Creative and rewarding. B．Challenging but inspiring.

C．Difficult and meaningless. D．Easy but troublesome.

30．The underlined words “made her debut ” in paragraph 5 means _______ .

A．made a speech B．made full preparations

C．made her first appearance D．made a living

31．What can we learn about Frappart?

A．The Qatar World Cup drew huge audiences for women refereeing.

B．It’s easy to put the blame for teams’failures on referees.

C．Frappart impressed the world with competencies in her first match.

D．In August 2019, Frappart was the first female referee in a Ligue 1 match.

D

Human responses to moral dilemmas (两难选择) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The findings indicate that users may underestimate the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot.

Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others. They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).

The authors then presented 767 U.S. participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person’s life to save five others. Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five. Statements were from either a moral advisor or ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.

Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read. However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.

The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chabots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.

32．What are ChatGPT’s answers to a certain moral stance?

A．Inconsistent.   B．Valuable.   C．Creative.   D．Simple.

33．What is learned about the participants?

A．They admitted the power of ChatGPT.

B．They were interviewed by a moral advisor.

C．They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly.

D．They were presented with different moral dilemmas.

34．What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．Different findings of the study. B．Future potentials for chatbots.

C．Major focuses of future education. D．Solutions to the impact of chatbots.

35．Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics   B．ChatGPT: Is It Likely to Affect Our Life?

C．ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nervous?   D．ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）　　

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

There are hundreds of genres (流派) of music, so while some might like one kind, others might like something completely different. Why do people like different kinds of music?

    36     At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music.

Music can also be nostalgic, that is, it creates a kind of longing for the past. Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.    37     Even long after the musicians are gone, people still find something in the musicians’ recordings that they can enjoy.

We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories.     38   

When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good.     39     There are some algorithms (算法) today that can help pick up on the kind of music we like. When we are streaming music, some programs will let us like or dislike songs.

People’s taste in music can remain the same in their whole life or it can change many times. But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music — or sports, or food, or colors.     40     We are all different people who like different things.

A．It’s music to our ears.

B．Music can be a part of our identity.

C．It becomes a mirror that we are holding up.

D．They leave a permanent mark in people’s lives.

E．Therefore, we might want to listen to a song on repeat.

F．Other times, we might find music can bring up sad memories.

G．There are lots of different factors that can influence our preferences.

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）　　

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Many years ago, I was living with my best friend and we had many happy moments together. But there was one night that     41     our lives forever.

On the night of November 25, 2011, I got into a fistfight with my best friend in our kitchen. It all started because I was trying to help him. He was drinking a lot, arguing with everyone and     42     himself from others by keeping silent most of the time. This had been going on for weeks and finally I decided it was time for a(an)     43     I told him that he needed to stop drinking so much and tried to     44     his alcohol and he got angry and started     45     with me. It was scary, but by the end of the night, we were able to calm down and talk to each other.

I thought alcohol     46     was his main problem. But he was just using alcohol to     47     himself through. He was lonely, heartbroken and struggling to connect with people. So during the Christmas season a few weeks later, I gave him a     48     that I didn’t even know I had.

That Christmas my friend didn’t have any place to go, so I invited him home to my parents’ house in Lancaster. They     49     cleaned up our guest room for him and even bought him some Christmas gifts. I’ll never forget the night we arrived at my home. My parents were already     50    , but my mom had prepared dinner for us, baked some cookies and left us a note. My parents are known for their     51    , so I wasn’t surprised by this warm welcome. But when my friend read my mom’s note and saw all that she had prepared, he broke down and cried. That’s when I     52     how much I took my loving family for granted.

That year my friend and I both received gifts that we would     53     forever. I gave him the gift of a warm, loving, safe place to spend Christmas. And he gave me the gift of a new     54     on life. If I hadn’t shared my home with him, I wouldn’t have understood how     55     I am.

41．A．defined B．inspired C．created D．changed

42．A．defending B．separating C．protecting D．locking

43．A．Communication  B．investigation C．exploration D．promotion

44．A．put up B．take away C．break out D．call off

45．A．talking B．crying C．fighting D．laughing

46．A．access B．addition C．abuse D．affection

47．A．look B．break C．drive D．carry

48．A．time B．holiday C．gift D．family

49．A．happily B．generally C．formally D．hurriedly

50．A．awake B．asleep C．available D．absorbed

51．A．generosity B．curiosity C．ability D．creativity

52．A．admitted B．realized C．recognized D．accepted

53．A．exchange B．present C．treasure D．appreciate

54．A．day B．test C．skill D．eye

55．A．kind B．grateful C．blessed D．healthy

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar     56    (term). Among them, the Waking of Insects (惊蛰) signals a rise in temperature and increased rainfall. As the third solar term in the solar year, its name refers to the fact that animals sleeping in winter     57    (wake) by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.

The Waking of Insects is an     58    (extreme) important time for farmers and is widely seen as the beginning of the     59    (busy) time for agricultural work. During this period, most parts of China experience the quickest rise in temperatures, with the average level     60    (reach) above 10 degrees Celsius, and there is a marked increase in sunshine,     61     provides good natural conditions for farming.

According to     62     ancient Chinese folk story, a white tiger is the creature that brings quarrels. It always begins hunting during the Waking of Insects, and sometimes bites people. It is said that those    63    (bite) by a white tiger will encounter evil persons in their life that bring bad luck. Therefore, people offer foods and fruits     64     the white tiger during the Waking of Insects to protect      65     (they).

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）　　

66．假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校即将组织急救演练，请你用英文写一则通知，内容包括：

1.时间、地点及参与人员；

2.具体内容；

3.注意事项。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

From the moment my husband brought home a box of six chicks from Tractor Supply Company, our nine-year-old, Sophie, didn’t let them out of her sight. She named them Trixie, Beauty, Sweet Pea, Speedie, Captain Flint, and Adrian (we were reading Treasure Island and watching Rocky at the time).

Sophie made a promise that she would take good care of them and took at least one chicken everywhere we let her. We were content with this; after all, it was a good way to make her dutiful and responsible. So when we wouldn’t let them sleep in her bed, she was very upset. She, actually, argued about this issue again and again, claiming that it is Duty NO.1 to company her baby chickens to sleep. Later, we made a compromise that we’ve allowed one inside at a time if Sophie immediately cleans up after the visit.

On a special festival, she dressed as a chicken and convinced us it was the turn of Trixie and Sweet to come with her to get candies from the neighbors — that’s Duty NO.2 to company her baby to have fun. The reactions from neighbors were quite amusing. “Wait, are these real chickens you’re holding?” “Of course! They’re my babies, and I am the mother.” Sophie answered excitedly. Trixie and Sweet cooed (咕咕叫) the whole time, seeming to make response.

One hot day, I buried myself in piles of work when Sophie rushed into the room, asking “Mommy, can I take Captain Flint to the pond?” To be frank, I didn’t quite catch what she said but still nodded, even without taking my eyes off the screen. She jumped to cheer. “Captain Flint, let’s head for the pond now!” “Coo, coo.” Then they rushed out of the room.

Several minutes later, I suddenly realized that Sophie just went to the pond with a chicken! Could Sophie swim? No!!! Could chickens swim? No!!! Could anything unexpected happen?

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

21-23  CCA  24-27  CBAA  28-31 BBCB  32-35  ACDD  36-40  BDFEG  41-45  DBABC 

46-50  CDCAB  51-55  ABCDC  56．terms    57．are woken    58．extremely    59．Busiest

60．reaching    61．which    62．an    63．bitten    64．to    65．themselves