【期末专题复习】（仁爱版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题04- 重点语法（知识串讲+真题练习）（原卷+解析）

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专题04：重点语法（知识串讲+真题过关）
Unit 5 Topic 1

一、系动词
系动词也叫系动词，是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词。它本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，后面必须跟表语，构成系表结构来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等。主要有：be, become, get, turn ,grow, look, feel, seem, sound, taste, smell, appear等。常见的系动词可分为五种。
1. 状态系动词：只有be一词。
I am used to going about alone. 我习惯于独来独往。
2. 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain,stay, rest, lie, stand。
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。
3.表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。
H looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。
He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。
4. 感官系动词：表示“……起来”，有feel (摸起来，感觉) , smell (闻起来) ,sound (听起来) , taste (尝起来，吃起来) 等。
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。
They looked very tired. 他们看起来很累。
It sounds a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。
This food tastes good. 这食物尝起来不错。
5.变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，即表示从一种状态变为另一种状态。主要有become,grow, turn, fall,get, go, come, run。
She has grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了。
When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到这，脸红了。
Several people fell ill after eating unhealthy food. 几个人吃了不卫生的食物后生病了。
She went pale at the news. 听到这消息，她的脸色变得苍白。
二、系动词的基本用法。
1. 系动词后通常可接形容词作表语，一般不接副词。
他的英语似乎很好。
正：His English seems very good.
但是，有时系动词后也可接副词作表语，不过
这主要限于in, on, off, out, away, up, down, over, around, inside, outside等少数副词以及here, there, upstairs, downstairs等少数表示地点或方位的副词。
Mother wasn’t in last night. 母亲昨晚不在家。
The meeting was over at five.会议五点结束。
Mother is downstairs waiting for you.母亲在楼下等你。
2. 关于系动词后接不定式：
(1) 系动词 be 后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：
My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。
(2) seem, appear, get, grow, come等系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是to be)作表语：
She always seems to be sad. 她常常显得很忧伤。
She appears to have many friends. 她好像有很多朋友。
【温馨提示】
若所接不定式为to be，通常可以省略。不过，若其后接的是表语形容词，则to be 通常不宜省略。
Unit 5-topic2
（一）原因状语从句
原因状语从句表示主句所发生的原因或理由。通常由because, as, since等词引导。
e.g. Because I lost my cellphone, I didn’t call you yesterday.
因为我手机丢了，所以昨天没有给你打电话。
We chose Calvert to lead us as he said he knew the way.
我们选择让卡尔弗特带我们走，因为他说他认识路。
Since you are so young, you should be modest.
既然你这么年轻，就应该谦虚一点。
以上例子都是原因状语从句，但从从属连词方面来说，它们有区别。
1.because语气最强，用于回答why的提问，从句可放于句首，也可放句尾，想强调什么，就把什么放在句。
e.g. He didn’t come to school because he was ill.他没去上学，是因为他病了。
Because they asked me to do it, I did it.因为他们要我做，所以我做了。
2. as 和since 语气较弱，用来表示非常明显的原因或者对方已经了解的原因，引导的从句一般要放在句首。
e.g. As he knew nothing about the matter, he kept quiet during the meeting.
因为他对此事一无所知，所以在会上什么也没说。
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.既然我们没有钱， 就不能买它。
3. for表示的原因不是直接原因，而是多种情况的推测，是一种补充说明，因此for引导的分句一般不放在句首，属并列句。
e.g. He wore more clothes, for it was cold.因为天气很冷，他多穿了些衣服。
He was blamed for being late again.他因再次迟到而受到责备。
（二）副词或形容词的同级比较
大多数形容词或副词有比较等级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。
形容词副词的同级比较结构:
1.肯定句的句式结构。
A + be + as+形容词/副词原级+as+B: 表示A、B两者
比较程度相同，即“A和B一样……”。
e.g. This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
Diana sings as sweetly as her sister.戴安娜唱得和她姐姐一样甜美。
2.否定句的句式结构。
A+ be+not +as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B: 表示A、B两者程度不同，即“A不如B那么……”。
e.g. Spring is not as/so cold as winter.春天不像冬天那么冷。
She didn't sing so/as well that night as she usually does.那天晚上她没有平常唱得那么好。
3. 表示倍数，如“一半/两倍/三倍/四倍/……”相当于“half/twice/three times/four times/ ... + as 形容词或副词原
级+as ...”结构。
e.g. The room is twice as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。
The plane flew ten times as high as the kite.那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的十倍。
Unit 5-topic3
简单句只包含一个主谓结构。按照句子的用途，可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
简单句的五种基本句型：
1. 主语＋系动词＋表语
It sounds great. 听起来不错。
2. 主语＋不及物动词
I can swim.我会游泳。
3. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语
My brother always reads books. 我的弟弟经常读书。
4. 主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋间接宾语
She gives all her money to the poor little boy. 她把所有的钱都给了那个贫穷的小男孩。
5. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Her mother kept her in the room. 她的妈妈让她待在房间里。
Unit 6-topic1
动词不定式
一、 动词不定式含义
动词不定式其构成形式为“to+动词原形”，to为动词不定式的符号，本身没有词义，有时还可以省略，但还保留着动词的若干特征。动词不定式可以连同它的附属成分一起组成不定式短语。因此，动词不定式具有三大特点：
1.没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语；
2.动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语；
3.动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
二、 动词不定式的用法
1. 动词不定式作主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
To learn a language well isn’t aneasy thing. 学会一门语言不是一件容易的事情。
【注意】动词不定式作主语时，可以用先行词it作
形式主语，而将不定式真正的主语置于后面。
To do more exercise is very necessary every day. = It It’s very necessary to do more exercise every day.
必要的。
【拓展】It’s + adj.+ ( for/ of sb.) + to do sth.
It’s impossible for us to finish the heavy task in such a short time.
It’s very nice of you to get me two tickets for the World Cup. 谢谢你为我搞到两张世界杯的门票。
【温馨提示】如果句子中作表语的形容词表示事物的性质，如important, necessary, possible,easy, difficult, hard,heavy等，用for引出；如果句中的形容词表示人的特征、品德或意愿,如 kind,honest, careless, lazy, stupid, clever, foolish,polite, bad等，则用of 引出。
2. It’s+名词（或名词短语）(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant
thing, one’s duty,an honor, a shame, a good place, no easy job ...)+ to do sth.
It’s a pityto miss the early bus. 惋惜的是错过了早班车。
It’s ourduty to clean the classroom every day. 每天打扫教室是我们的义务。
3. 动词不定式作表语。动词不定式常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词。如wish,dream, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。
My dream is to become a pilot in the future. 我的梦想就是将来当一名飞行员。
4. 动词不定式作宾语。
能跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有：afford, agree, ask,begin, choose, decide, expect, fail, hope, hate, learn,like, manage,mean, offer, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, want等如：
We agree to go to Beijing by plane. 我们答应乘飞机去北京。
I try to keep that in mind. 我努力记住这一点。
【温馨提示】用作宾语的不定式后面如有补语，可用it作形式宾语，把不定式放到句子的后部。在这种用法中,常见的动词有find,think, feel, make, consider, believe等。
I found it very difficult to fall asleep in the noisyroom. 我觉得在这个吵闹的房间里睡觉很困难。
5. 动词不定式作宾语补足语。

不定式作宾语补足语时,跟在某些及物动词的宾语之后，对宾语作进一步的补充说明，并与该宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这类及物动词常见的有：advise, allow, ask,beg, cause, consider, encourage, feel, force, find, hear,invite, let,make, mean, notice, order, require, teach, tell, watch,warn, watch等。
Mr. Li often teaches his Japanese friends to cook Chinese food. 李先生经常教他的日本朋友做中国食物。
【温馨提示】在某些使役动词后，如 make, let, have等和表示感觉的动词，如 see, watch, notice, hear,feel等，作宾语补足语的不定式须不带to。
His parents make him do too much homework every day.他的父母让他每天做大量作业。
6. 动词不定式作状语。不定式用作状语主要表示目的、结果和原因，也可以表示条件、方式或比较。
(1) 用作目的状语
He went to see his teacher this morning. 今天上午他去看望他的老师了。
(2) 用作结果状语
The police searched the room to find nothing. 警察搜查这个房间，什么也没有找到。
(3) 用作原因状语
I’m sorryto hear your mother is ill. 听到你妈妈生病了我很难过。
7.动词不定式作定语。常位于被修饰的名词(短语)之后，说明被修饰词的特征。
8. 动词不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。
I don’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。
9. 动词不定式的否定形式。
不定式的否定式通常是将否定词not或never置于不定式之前，即构成not to do 或never to do 。
He told me not to open the door. 他让我别开门。
【温馨提示】不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not。如：
The teacher made us not play computer games in class. 老师让我们不要在课堂上玩游戏。
Unit 6-topic2
时间状语从句

在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由when, while,as, after, before, since, until, as soon as等词引导。
一、 when、while和as的用法与区别
三者都表示“当……时候”，需要注意的是：
1. when引导的时间状语从句中，用动词的一般现在时表将来。
Mr. Smith will call you up when he arrives in Beijing.当史密斯先生到达北京时，他将给你打电话。
2. when也能表示“正在这时”。
I was walking in the park, when it began to rain.我正在公园里散步，这时天开始下雨了。
3. 与进行时连用时，when相当于while或as。
When/While/ As Jane was playing the violin, Iwalked in quietly. 当简在拉小提琴时，我悄 悄地走进了。
4. as引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时；一边……一边……”，侧重表示两个动作同时发生。
The boy jumps as he goes along. 那个男孩边走边跳。
二、由before和after引导的时间状语从句用法
before意为“在……之前”，根据具体语境还可意为“还没来得及/ 还没有……就……；……才……”等。
after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。
We arrived there two days before Christmas.我们在圣诞节前两天到了那儿。
Before he knew it, his piece of meat had fallen into the water. 他还没有醒悟过来，那块肉已经掉进水里了。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. 你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
三、as soon as引导的时间状语从句用法
as soon as意为“一……就”，表将来要发生的动作，遵循“主将从现”的原则；表示两个紧接着发生的动作，主从句都用一般过去时。
As soon as she comes to the party, we will give hera big surprise. 她一来参加晚会，我们就给她一个大惊喜。（现在）
As soon as he got to the station, the train left. 他一到达火车站，火车就离开了。(过去)
四、until引导的时间状语从句用法

1. 在含有until引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，如：work，live，stay，study，play，wait等，那么这个主句常用肯定式，表示动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。until可意为“直到……为止”。
2. 在含有until引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词，如：come，go，leave，begin，start，finish等，那么这个主句常要用否定式，表示某一动作到until所表示的时间才发生。即not ...until... 意为“直到……才……”。如：
She didn’t go to bed until she finished her homework.直到做完作业， 她才去睡觉。
Unit 6-topic3 and Unit 7-topic1
宾语从句（Ⅰ）
在句子中起到宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，在主从复合句中充当宾语，一般位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后。宾语从句一般分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。学好宾语从句，首先掌握以下两个要点。
一、 that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）
that在从句中没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。
She said (that) she was too busy to go to your concert. 她说她太忙了而不能参加你的音乐会。
No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day. 没有人告诉杰克第二天有班会。
【拓展1】可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, agree, explain, feel,suggest, hear, mean, notice等。
【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose,expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
I don’t think (that) he can give a speech at the meeting.我认为他不会在会上发言的。
二、 宾语从句的时态
1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
The worker says (that) he works from Monday to Friday.
那名工人说他从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时）
John says (that) he will leave a message on his desk. 约翰
说要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）

2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
He told me that he didn’t go to the library yesterday. 他告诉我他昨天没去图书馆。（从句是一般过去时）
3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事,只怕有心人。
Unit 7-topic2
宾语从句(Ⅱ)
if或whether引导的宾语从句用法由连接词if或whether引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的，意思是“是否”。且if或whether引导的宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用。
I wonder whether /if they willhelp me with my English.我想知道他是否帮助我学英语。
但是下列情况下，if与whether不能互换使用。
1. 在介词后面只能用whether，不能用if。
It depends on whether he isready. 这件事要看他是否有准备。
I’m not interested in whetheryou’ll come or not. 你来不来我不感兴趣。
2. 在动词不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if。
We decided whether to go for apicnic. 我们决定是否去吃野餐。
3. 在动词discuss后的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if。
We discussed whether we shouldmake a trip plan. 我们讨论了是不是要制定旅游计划。
4. 直接与or not连用时用whether，不能用if。
I can’t say whether or not theycan arrive in Beijing on time. 我不能说他们是否能准时到达北京。
【拓展】只能用if不能用whether的情况if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。
They’ll go on a picnic if itdoesn’t rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，他们将去野餐。
even if相当于even though，引导状语从句时，意为“尽管”；as if引导状语从句时，意为“好像”。

Even if it’s dark, the farmersare still working in the field.尽管天晚了，农民们还在田野里劳动。
Unit 7 topic3
副词的比较级和最高级
一、副词的比较级
比较级表示的是两个人或物中“一个比另一个更……”, 也可用于两部分之间的比较。
1.句型：A+动词+副词的比较级+than+ B意为“A做某事比B更……”。
e.g. His brother worked harder than he/him.他的兄弟工作比他更努力。
The train runs faster than the bus does.火车比汽车快。
2.说明“和B比起来，更喜欢A”，用like(s) A better than B句型。
e.g. She likes dancing better than singing.与唱歌相比，她更喜欢跳舞。
3.表示“……不如……”用less+原级+than结构。
e.g. He studies less carefully than his sister.他不如他的妹妹学习认真。
4.不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变，用“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越……”。
e.g. He studies harder and harder.他学习越来越努力了。
5. 表示一方随着另一方程度变化时，用the+比较级，the+比较级结构，意为“越……，就越……”。
6.表示“几倍于……时”，用倍数+as ... as来表示，也可用倍数+比较级+than... 来表示。
e.g. This kind of plane flies twice as fast as that kind.这种飞机的速度比那种快一倍。
也可说成：This kind of plane flies twice faster than that kind.
7.用much, far, still, even, a lot, a bit等副词来修饰副词的比较级时，表示程度，放在比较级之前。
e.g. He did even worse than before.他做得甚至比以前更糟。
二、副词的最高级
1.三者或三者以上之中的“最”，副词的最高级。副词最高级前的the可省略，常见的结构为：A+动词+（the）副词的最高级+of/in/among...。
e.g. Li Lei came to school (the) latest in his class yesterday.昨天李磊是班中最晚到校的。
2.用比较级的形式表达最高级的含义。这类句型常见的结构为：比较级+than+(anyother+单数名词/all the other+复数名词/anyone else/any of the other+复数名词)。
e.g. Bob runs faster than anyone else in our school.鲍勃是我们学校跑得最快的。
3.最高级可被序数词以及much, by far, nearly, almost等修饰，表示程度。
e.g. She studies almost the hardest in her class.在班上她学习几乎最努力。
Unit 8-topic1
结果状语从句
结果状语从句的从句是用来补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，一般位于主句之后。常用来连接结果状语从句的连接有：so...that...，such...that... ，so that等。
一、so ... that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，so是副词，后接形容词或副词。其常见的结构用法有：
1、so + adj. + that从句。
It’s so difficult a question that none of us can answer it.那是一个很难的问题，我们没有一个人能回答。
2. so + adv. + that从句。
The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.那孩子跑得如此快以至于我没赶上他。
3. so many/ much/ few/ little...that从句。so与表示数量的代词many, few, much, little等连用是常见固定搭配，不能换用such的对应结构。
so+many/ few（+复数名词）+that从句。
They asked so many questions that I couldn’t answer all of them. 他们问了许许多多问题，我无法回答所有问题。
He has so few friends that his life is lonely. 他的朋友很少，因此他的生活非常孤单。
so+much/little（+不可数名词）+that从句。与many/ few一样，much/ little有时作定语，后接不可数名词，但有时直接用作表语，后面不再接其他成分。如：
There is so much that I can’t eat up.太多了，我吃不完。
She is so little that she can’t go to school. 她太小了，不能去上学。
二、such...that...与so...that...不同的是：such...that...中的such后接的是名词。其常见的结构有：
1. such+a/ an + adj. +单数可数名词+that从句。如：
It’s such a cold day that I have to stay at home. 是如此寒冷的一天以至于我得呆在家。

2. such+adj.+复数可数名词+that从句。如：
He told us such funny stories that we all laughed. 他对我们讲了那么些有趣的故事，我们全都哈哈大笑。
3. such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句。如：
It’s such nice weather that I’d like to go to the beach. 天气如此之好，我想去海滩。
【温馨提示】：so...that...和such...that...中的that在口语中有时可省略。如：
I’m so busy (that) I have no time to write a letter. 我很忙，连写信的时间都没有。
It was such a beautiful night (that) I wanted to go out for a walk. 夜色如此之美，我真想出去走走。
【拓展】so...that...句型可与too...to...或...enough to...句型相互转换。如：
The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. = The box is too heavy for me to carry. 这箱子太重了，我扛不动。
三、so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，以至于”。如：
He worried so that he couldn’t sleep. 他急得睡不着。
【拓展】so that也可引导目的状语从句，意为“为了，以便”。如：
I always get up early so that I can catch the first bus. 我总是早起，以便能够赶上首班车。
Unit 8-topic2
宾语从句（Ⅲ）
特殊疑问句引导宾语从句的“五要素”
要素一： 在引导词上，要将疑问代词who/ whose/what/ which或疑问副词when/ where / why/ how变为连接代词或连接副词，来引导宾语从句。如：
Whose bike is this? Can you tell me? → Can you tell me
whose bike this is? 你能告诉我这是谁的自行车？
要素二： 宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。
【温馨提示】特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，句末用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。
I don’t know when the concert will start tonight. 我不知道音乐会今晚什么时候开始。
Do you know when the concert will start tonight? 你知道音乐会今晚什么时候开始？
要素三： 特殊疑问句在宾语从句中，其语序上要改为陈述句语序。
Which subject do you like best? He asked me. → He asked me which subject I liked best. 他问我最喜欢哪门学科。
【温馨提示】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是 do／does ／did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。
Why did you come to the party late yesterday? Can you tell me? → Can you tell me why you came to the party late yesterday?你能告诉我你昨天为什么参加晚会迟到了？
要素四：特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。
Who can answer the question? The teacher asked. → The
teacher asked who could answer the question. 老师问谁能回答这个问题。
要素五：特殊疑问句在宾语从句中，要是主从句人称一致，一般可将宾语从句复合句改为简单句。如：
I wonder how I can send an e-mail to you. → I wonder how to send an e-mail to you. 我想知道如何给你发个电子邮件。
Unit 8-topic3
宾语从句(Ⅳ)
一、宾语从句中的时态
主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时，宾语从句中的时态不受影响。主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句则使用相应的过去时态。
e.g. I think that I can sell newspapers. 我想我可以卖报纸。
I think I should have a talk with her. 我想我应该和她谈一谈。
I heard you had a bad cold. 我听说你得了重感冒。
【注意】1.如果宾语从句所表达的内容是客观真理和客观事实，从句中动词的时态不受主句中谓语动词时态的限制。
e.g. The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳转。
2.当动词所表示的状态或动作在引述时仍在继续，从句中动词的时态不受主句中谓语动词时态的限制。
e.g. She also said many famous models are going there to model the clothes.
她还说很多名模将会去那里进行时装表演。
She said that the show starts at 10:30 tomorrow morning. 她说时装秀明早十点半开始。
He said he is forty. 他说他四十岁了。
二、学习宾语从句还应注意以下几点
1.当宾语从句跟在动词think, believe, suppose，expect等表示“想，相信，认为”等的动词后边时，如果从句是否定含义，则不用否定形式，而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式，即“否定前移”。
e.g. I don’t think you are right. 我想你是不对的。
I don’t believe he can finish the work on time.我认为他不能按时完成工作。
2.在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等动词以及I’m afraid 等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。
e.g. —Do you believe he will come? 你相信他会来吗？
—I believe so. 我相信会。
—I don’t believe so. (或I believe not.) 我相信不会。
3.许多带复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而且用it作形式宾语。
e.g. We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone.
我们认为他对每一个人都说谎是错误的。
We thought it a pity that she missed the chance.
我们认为她错过这个机会是一个遗憾。
真题过关
1．（2023春·八年级单元测试）Though he is ________ at home, he doesn’t feel ________ for he has many things to do.
A．alone, lonely B．lonely, alone C．alone, alone D．lonely, lonely
2．（2022春·八年级单元测试）Could you help me with housework ______ you are free today?
A．since B．though C．unless
3．（2022春·八年级单元测试）According to the surveys, _______ the recent one, nearly three fifths of working mothers in China don’t want to have a second child.
A．mostly B．especially C．partly D．nearly
4．（2022春·八年级单元测试）— Let’s go swimming this afternoon.
— Oh, it is too hot outside. Why not go shopping in the supermall ________?
A．as well B．by the way C．at least D．instead
5．（2022春·八年级单元测试）Don’t laugh at her. She is ________ any of the others in your class.
A．as clever a student as B．as a clever student as
C．so clever a student as D．so a clever student like
6．（2022春·八年级单元测试）If you go there, I will go _______.
A．also B．either C．as well D．too
7．（2021春·八年级校考单元测试）________ Iodine (碘) -131 is found in vegetables, the amount won’t cause immediate harm to public health.
A．Though B．Because C．Unless D．Before
8．（2021春·八年级单元测试）I tried several jackets on, but ________ of them looked good on me.
A．both B．either C．none D．neither
9．（2022春·八年级校考单元测试）I was late for school, ________ my bike was broken.
A．because B．because of C．so D．but
10．（2021春·八年级单元测试）—What will you ________ your old bikes?
—I’ll give them to the recycling centre.
A．deal with B．do with C．take with D．play with
11．（2022春·八年级单元测试）Parents often tell us ________ too much junk food.
A．to eat B．eating C．not to eat D．not eating
12．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—Mike always depends on his parents.
—I think his parents should encourage him ________ with problems by himself.
A．deal B．dealing C．to deal D．dealt
13．（2022春·八年级单元测试）Lei Feng always did what he could ________ people who needed ________.
A．help; help B．helped; help C．to help; to help D．to help; help
14．（2022春·八年级单元测试）The children are sleeping, so try ________ any noise.
A．not make B．not to make C．to make D．making
15．（2022春·八年级单元测试）People use camels ________ heavy things in the desert.
A．carry B．to carry C．carried D．carrying
16．（2022春·八年级单元测试）You should do your best ________ against the other athletes.
A．compete B．competed C．to compete D．competing
17．（2022春·八年级单元测试）If you read a lot, your life will be _______ pleasure.
A．full of B．proud of C．similar to D．good with
18．（2023春·八年级单元测试）—Jack, remember _________off the light before you leave the classroom.
—OK, I will.
A．turn B．turns C．to turn D．turning
19．（2022春·八年级单元测试）The movie “Mr. Bean” made us a lot last night.
A．laugh B．laughed C．to laugh
20．（2022春·八年级单元测试）My glass _______ hot water. Please pass it to me.
A．full of B．filled with C．are full of D．is filled with
21．（2022春·八年级单元测试）In this school, the students are asked _______ mobile phones.
A．not to use B．not using C．not use D．to not use
22．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—About 20 million people in the world have no enough safe drinking water.
—So we should ________ how to deal with the problems of water.
A．put on B．carry on C．think about D．look out
23．（2022春·八年级单元测试）To keep children away from danger, we warn parents ________ them at home alone.
A．leave B．to leave C．not leave D．not to leave
24．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—What does WTO ________?
—World Trade Organization.
A．stand up B．stand for C．look out D．look after
25．（2022春·八年级单元测试）Tom warned us _________ the mountain when it was rainy.
A．don’t climb B．won’t climb C．not climb D．not to climb
26．（2022春·八年级单元测试）These seedlings were planted just now. So I have to ________ them well.
A．look for B．look up C．look after D．look out
27．（2022春·八年级单元测试）I can’t wait ________ my grandparents. I haven’t seen them for years.
A．meet B．to meet C．meeting D．met
28．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—Lucy, will you be angry _______ your students don’t obey the rules in the school?
—A little. But I will stop them in a friendly way.
A．if B．unless C．though D．after
29．（2022春·八年级单元测试）I was reading newspapers _______ my son was playing the guitar.
A．although B．while C．unless D．until
30．（2021春·八年级校考单元测试）They went to the playground and practiced running ________ they could win the running race.
A．until B．so that C．as soon as D．unless
31．（2022春·八年级单元测试）The little girl’s story has ________ my heart. I’ll try my best to help her.
A．touch B．touched C．take D．taken
32．（2022春·八年级单元测试）Mary, _______ your bedroom after you get up.
A．clean up B．put up
C．look up D．pick up
33．（2022春·八年级单元测试）It’s ________ of you to say “Thank you” to others when they help you.
A．polite B．rude C．knowledgeable D．strict
34．（2021春·八年级单元测试）There is some rubbish on the ground. Let’s ________.
A．pick up them B．pick it up C．pick them up D．pick up it
35．（2021春·八年级校考单元测试）If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.
A．come out B．come true C．achieve D．come to
36．（2022春·八年级校考单元测试）My brother got up early ________ miss the train to Nanjing.
A．in order to B．so that C．in order not to D．so as to
37．（2022春·八年级单元测试）— There are so many left-behind children in China.
— Their parents have to work in the city ______ make money.
A．so that B．rather than C．in order to
38．（2023春·八年级单元测试）Ye Shiwen _______ won the gold medal _______ broke the world record in the London Olympics in 2012.
A．not only; but also B．neither; nor
C．not; but D．either; or
39．（2023春·八年级单元测试）The new book will _______ next month.
A．get up B．clean up C．come out D．cut up
40．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）—Your MP4 is so nice. How much is it?
—It’s ________ ￥500.
A．cost B．pay C．worth D．take
41．（2023春·八年级课时练习）________ delicious the Beijing roast duck smells!
A．What a B．What C．How a D．How
42．（2023春·八年级课时练习）Tom’s mother was happy when she noticed Tom ________ his homework carefully in the room.
A．to do B．does C．doing D．do
43．（2023春·八年级课时练习）—What do you think of the football match?
—Wonderful. They have never played ________.
A．best B．better C．worse D．worst
44．（2023春·八年级课时练习）Help ________ to some chips, Michael.
A．you B．yours C．yourself D．yourselves
45．（2023春·八年级课时练习）—Do you mind ________ any meat?
—Of course not.
A．don’t eat B．not eating C．eating not D．no eat
46．（2023春·八年级课时练习）I don’t know if his son ________ again. Please let me know if he ________.
A．will come; will come B．will come; comes C．comes; will come D．comes; comes
47．（2023春·八年级课时练习）I don’t know ________ he will be back or not.
A．if B．whether C．that D．what
48．（2023春·八年级课时练习）—Is this room ________, madam?
—Yes, I decide to buy it. I think I can practice dancing here.
A．little enough B．enough little C．big enough D．enough big
49．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—Jack, let’s go climbing ________ playing King of  Glory(《王者荣耀》) at home. I think playing games too much is harmful to us.
—OK. Let’s go.
A．except B．instead of C．as well as D．because of
50．（2022春·八年级单元测试）It’s time us do morning exercises.
A．for; for B．for; to C．to; for D．to; to
51．（2022春·八年级单元测试）________ fun to go to a costume party on Halloween night.
A．That’s B．This is C．These are D．It’s
52．（2022春·八年级单元测试）— It’s time for us _______.
— OK. Let’s have a break and have a cup of tea.
A．to work B．working C．to rest D．resting
53．（2022春·八年级单元测试）The football match will _______ at No. 2 Middle School.
A．take after B．take off C．take place D．take away
54．（2022春·八年级单元测试）The evening party will ________ on New Year’s Eve.
A．take out B．take place C．take off D．take up
55．（2022春·八年级校考课时练习）Mike didn’t tell us _________.
A．if he will give us a lecture B．whether he would go with us
C．when he has started D．when he will arrive
56．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—It’s difficult for me ________ the task in such a short time.
—Come on! I’m sure you can.
A．finished B．to finish C．finish D．finishing
57．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—Please _________ our pet dog when we’re away. Thank you so much!
—No problem!
A．long for B．take care of C．hold on D．take off
58．（2021春·八年级校考单元测试）Wolf Warrior 2 is ________ that it has broken all booking records.
A．such a exciting film B．so exciting a film
C．so exciting film D．the most exiting film
59．（2022春·八年级校考单元测试）It’s time ________ lunch. Do you finish your homework?
A．have B．to have C．having D．has
60．（2021春·八年级单元测试）You’d better try to guess the meaning when you meet a new word. Don’t always ________ your dictionary.
A．keep on B．depend on C．decide on D．try on
61．（2021春·八年级校考单元测试）I didn’t know ________.
A．where does he come from B．how did you know it
C．what he will do D．which was the way to the railway station
62．（2022春·八年级校考单元测试）________ exciting ________ us to have a picnic in spring.
A．That is; of B．It is; of C．That is; for D．It is; for
63．（2022春·八年级校考单元测试）She trained hard for the race, sometimes running ________ 60 miles a week.
A．as many as B．as well as C．as much as D．as few as
64．（2021春·八年级单元测试）It took ________ an hour _________ up our classroom yesterday.
A．we; to clean B．us; to clean C．us; cleaning D．we; cleaning
65．（2022春·八年级校考单元测试）Could you please ________.
A．which is the way to the museum B．which the way is to the museum
C．which the way to the museum is D．the way to the museum is which
66．（2023春·八年级校考单元测试）—Great changes have ______ in my hometown.
—Yes. Look! There ______ many beautiful parks and building now.
A．taken place, were B．taken off, were C．taken place, are D．taken off, are
67．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—Unless I finish all the exercises, my mom won’t let me go outside and play basketball with my classmates.
—Well, you have no _________ but to do as your mother told you.
A．choice B．thought C．chance
68．（2023春·八年级单元测试）This is a great _______ of my writing. I will keep on writing it.
A．succeed B．successful C．success D．successfully
69．（贵州毕节·八年级校考阶段练习）It’s hard for a five-year-old boy ________ so many words.
A．remember B．to remember C．remembered D．remembering
70．（2023春·八年级课时练习）It’s cold outside and you must ________ your coat.
A．put in B．take off C．put on D．put off