2023届上海市高三下学期5月英语模拟试卷（1）含答案

2023届上海市高三下学期5月英语模拟冲刺试卷（1）

（100分钟)

I略

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A (1%*10)

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

 Once just a science fiction idea, VR has now become more accessible than ever. ___21____( wear ) a pair of VR goggles connected to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of the room. From climbing ___22____(high) mountain in the world to flying a spacecraft, the things you can experience with VR are limitless.
   This new “reality” is starting to take over China. The Report on Chinese VR Users’ Behavior was released on March 18 during the 12th TFC Global Mobile Game Conference & Intelligent Entertainment Expo held in Beijing. The report is based on a survey of 5,626 people, ____23____(age) between 15 and 39, from across the country. It shows that up to 68.5 percent of people have heard of or are interested in VR products.
   But surprisingly, it isn’t new technology that has made VR so popular. “VR has been _____24____ for many years, but it will stick this time because there’s enough computer power and the price will just keep going down,” Todd Richmond, a VR group member with the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers in the US, told USA Today.
  VR ____25_____(expect) to change various different fields. For example, VR could be used to train pilots and miners before they had to actually risk their lives in highly dangerous working environments, or to treat patients with acrophobia (恐高症) by making them think they were standing on top of a high building.
  “If you have perfect virtual reality, ____26____you’ll be able to simulate everything that a human can experience or imagine experiencing, it’s hard to imagine where you go from there,” Palmer Luckey, 23, inventor of the Oculus VR goggles, told NPR.
   But the technology is still far from perfect. Users report experiencing motion sickness, headaches and other discomfort while wearing VR goggles. Also, ___27____ more and more tools are flooding the market, the software that runs VR games and simulators has yet to catch up with all the new advancements. It could take ___28___  while for VR to be widely accepted.
 When every new technology is first introduced, the technology_____29_____ is the driving force. But for ___30_____ to really blend (融入) into people’s lives, meeting basic and practical needs should be the main aim.

Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (1%*10)

Thirteen years after the launch of Taobao, China has risen to become the world’s second busiest online marketplace, behind only the United States. This is the kind of statistic that __31__ love, but it doesn’t really tell us anything about why so many people like to buy so many things online.

　　Is it because its easy? Is it because of the __32__ selection? Is it because we want to feel __33__ to others without leaving the house?

　　Taobao was in fact a __34__ to ebay’s entrance into the Chinese market in 2003. Jack Ma (马云) knew that he knew China better than the Americans did, and that Taobao could beat ebay at its own game here. He was right, and Jack Ma has helped to __35__the nature of online commerce in China—what it looks like, how it works, and, most __36__, who its users are.

　　Taobao’s aesthetic (美学) is distinctive, and has influenced and inspired competitors in China and around the world. The way it works is also different from other __37__online retailers (零售店) . But the real genius of Taobao lies in its __38__ of its users. What it looks like and how it works, after all, were __39__ with the users in mind: a young, increasingly “connected” and increasingly wealthy Chinese generation.

　　When they designed Taobao, Jack Ma and his team realized that many young people in China strongly __40__ social interaction with their peers, so they made such interaction—everything from messaging to live chats to recommendations and reviews—a core part of the Taobao shopping experience. 

III. Reading Comprehension  （15%）

Directions:  For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.  Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

German Prime Minister Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his   41    and diplomatic talent, but his contributions to the society include many of today’s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany,    42    other European nations,    __43    an unusual outbreak of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing   44   .    __45   in part by Christian sympathy for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to get the    46    of the socialist labor movement, Bismarck    47  the world’s first worker’s compensation law in 1884.

By 1908, the United States was the    48    industrial nation in the world that lacked workers’ compensation insurance. American’s injured workers could seek    49    in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers.   50   , employees had to prove that their injuries directly    51    employer’s lack of care and they themselves were ignorant about potential danger in the workplace. The first state workers’ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon    52    throughout the nation.

After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not    53__ the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national    54    to study the problems workers’ compensation. Two years later, the committee issued 19 key recommendations,    55    one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states’ average weekly wages.

41.  A. artistic  B. literary  C. military  D. economic

42.  A. along with  B. other than  C. apart from  D. rather than

43.  A. experimented B. explored  C. experienced  D. excluded

44.  A. urbanization     B. revolution  

C. evolution      D. industrialization

45.  A. Inspired  B. Touched  C. Organized  D. Motivated

46.  A. feedback  B. statement  C. proof   D. support

47.  A. discovered  B. created  C. uncovered  D. revealed

48.  A. unique  B. only   C. powerful  D. most

49.  A. rights   B. help   C. compensation D. support

50.  A. For example B. However  C. Consequently D. Moreover

51.  A. resulted in  B. stood for  C. resulted from D. deal with

52.  A. spread  B. promoted  C. stretched  D. placed

53.  A. put up with      B. face up to  

C. benefit from     D. keep up with

54.  A. community  B. committee  C. authority  D. government

55.  A. including  B. insisting  C. installing  D. investing

Section B (22%)

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or, unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the-passage you have just read.

A

F. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton. University for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some  money to impress her.      

His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary:" My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary."      

This side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age (1922), and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.      

However, Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.

56. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?

A. 5  B. 6  C. 7  D. 8

57. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life according to the passage?      

a. He became addicted to drinking.      

b. He studied at St. Paul Academy.      

c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.      

d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.      

e. He failed to reorder his life.      

f. He joined the army and met Zelda.

A. f-c-e-a-b-d       B. b-e-a-f-c-d       C. f-d-e-c-b-a      D. b-f-c-d-e-a

58. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald _____.

A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama

B. was well educated and well off before he served in the army  

C. would have completed more works if his wife hadn't broken down 

D. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital

59. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about _____.

A. Zelda's personal life                

B. Zelda's illness and treatment 

C. Fitzgerald's friendship with Graham 

D. Fitzgerald's contributions to the literary world

B

We often use the words growth and development as if they meant essentially the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income (growth) with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens (development).

In the past, most development policies were aimed increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many still are, based on the theory that benefits of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should promote development.

By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than a decade of rapid growth in underdeveloped countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.

The World Bank study indicated that increases in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did indeed rise, its benefits come down to only a small part of the population. This realization gave rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favored agriculture over industry, called for domestic redistribution of income and wealth, and encouraged programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession, and third world debt forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. However, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefits that reach most of a nation’s people.

60. As to the relationship between growth and development, what can we infer from the passage?

A. Development is a reliable measure of growth.

B. Growth always brings about development.

C. Development is not necessarily the result of growth.

D. Growth and development refer to the same thing.

61. According to the study by the World Bank in 1974,economic growth in some background countries brought 

A. benefit only to a third of their population.

B. almost no benefit to a third of their population.

C. little benefit to their people.

D. no benefit at all to their people.

62. The programs designed to get rid of poverty were not very well carried out because the government

A. knew that growth didn’t promise development.

B. gave too much attention to increases in GNP per capita.

C. wished to replace the programs with new development policies.

D. was busy solving other more serious economic problems.

63. If the passage continues, what is the author most likely to discuss in the next paragraph?

A. How to turn growth into development.

B. How to remove poverty from society.

C. How to decrease third world debt.

D. How to cope with economic crises.

C

 Women have been driving yellow cabs in New York since the 1940s, but 99% of drivers are male. Even among drivers of cars booked by phone or online, only 4% are women. That may change with the launch of SheTaxis, an app that lets female passengers insist on female drivers, and vice versa.

  It will be available in New York City, Westchester and Long Island, and the firm plans to expand to other cities. Stella Mateo, the founder, is betting that quite a few women are nervous and weary of getting into cars driven by men. The service may also appeal to those whose religious beliefs forbid them to travel with unrelated men. Each driver wears a pink pashmina. Men who ask for a ride will be directed to another car service.

  Similar services thrive in India, South Africa and several Middle Eastern cities. Japan has had women-only railway carriages on and off since 1912. Known as hana densha (flower trains), they offer shelter from the gropers who make rush hour in Tokyo so disagreeable.

  But SheTaxis faces two speed bumps. One is practical. Demand has been so great that the firm has had to decelerate its launch until it can recruit 500 drivers. The other obstacle is legal. By employing only female drivers, SheTaxis is obviously discriminating against men. Since anti-discrimination law is not always applied with common sense, that may be illegal. And there is no shortage of potential litigants(诉讼当事人). Yellow cabbies are furious at the growth of online taxi firms such as Uber. “It’s not hard to imagine a guy filing suit,” says Sylvia Law of New York University Law School. “SheTaxis’ defence would probably be that its drivers are all independent contractors.”

   Because the firm caters only to women, it is discriminating against male customers, too. Is that legal? Angela Cornell of Cornell Law School thinks there could be a loophole. New York’s Human Rights Commission could make an exemption on the ground that SheTaxi offers a service that is in the public interest: women feel safer not getting into cars with strange men. Women-only colleges are allowed, so why not women-only cabs? The snag is that some men may also feel safer getting into cabs with female drivers. A study in 2010 found that 80% of crashes in New York City that kill or seriously injure pedestrians involve male drivers. Women drivers are simply better.

64. It can be inferred that the service of SheTaxis may appeal to_______.

 A.  women who are nervous about taxi drivers

 B.  women with certain religious beliefs

 C.  women who are tired of taking taxis

 D.  men who ask for a ride

65. The word “gropers” (Para. 3) probably refers to_______.

 A.  people who cause a traffic jam

 B.  men who make sexual harassment to women

 C.  men who cause the rush hour in Tokyo

 D.  people who make taking trains disagreeable

66. If SheTaxis is accused of discriminating against men, it may_______.

 A.  decelerate its launch as an online taxi firm

 B.  employ both male and female drivers

 C.  make anti-discrimination law not applicable

 D.  spring to the defence of its drivers

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.   

Nowhere to Hide: What Machines Can Tell From Your Face

The human face is a remarkable piece of work.   67  . So is the face’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings, intentions or nature.

  68   .In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen

Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities.   69   .Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.

   70   .Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone’s face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.

Summary Writing（10%）

With the average number of children in a British family falling under an average of 2.0, compared with the traditional 2.4 children, the population of the UK has been falling for quite a few years.

Why aren’t British people having as many children as they used to? Well, there are many reasons.

One of them is that British people are now having their children at a much older age than previously, meaning they have fewer years in which they can have children. Most young people today want a well-paid job, so they often go to university after high school after years of study at university, they then need a few years of work experience before they can get the job they want. So it’s not until they are about 30 years old that they can start to think about settling down and having children.

Another reason is that it is relatively expensive to bring up a child in the UK. Usually both parents need to work to pay for their home and living expenses. They need to pay someone to look after their child during the day, which is expensive.

In addition, problems in the global economy often affect British families. For example, when times are tough and there is an economic downturn, it becomes difficult to find a job or keep the existing one. This kind of uncertainty discourages people from having larger families.

So what is Britain doing to try and save British families? First of all, the government is trying to make it cheaper to have children. For example, there have been increases in money families can gain from the state each month. Also, there is an increasing amount of money for nursery schools, so that parents don’t need to pay so much for childcare. In addition, there are now laws allowing parents to take more time off work so that they can look after their children themselves rather than having to pay others to do it.

71.____________________________________________________________________________

第II卷 

I. Translation （15%）

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72. 很多人怀疑父母参与孩子的学习是否有必要。(necessary)

73. 只有当你尊重了别人，你才有可能从别人那里得到应有的尊重。(Only)

74. 现在很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。（expand）

75. 过去几年进行的一些研究发现, 人的性格会随着经历一些人生大事而不断变化，比如婚姻和事业的晋升。( response)

II. Guided Writing  （25%）

76.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

 下图是你五一假期在某个植物园看到的一幕。请谈谈你对此景的看法。[来源:学,科,网]

     你的作文必须包括：

         描述图片内容                           

         你的感想以及提高游客素质的可行性建议

参考答案

21wear     22. the highest   23. aged  24. around  25. is expected 

26where     27. though/although/while   28. a   29. itself  30.it

31-39.FHIGBEJDCA    41-55.CACDD  DBBCA  CADBA

56-59.ADCD    60-63.CBDA   64-66.BBD

67-70.FDAE

71.British people are having fewer children than before. The delayed child-bearing age, the high cost of raising a child and the unstable economic situation all contribute to the  population decline. The government has taken measures such as increasing the subsidies for children and reducing parents’ working hours to encourage people to have more children.

72.Many people doubt whether parents’participation/involvement in children’s studies is necessary.

73.Only when you respect others will you be likely to gain/win/receive deserved respect from others.

74.Nowadays many young people want to experience different cultures，expand/improve/increase their knowledge, and broaden/open up/widen/expand their horizons through traveling.

75.Several studies/researches conducted/done/carried out in the past few years show/have shown that a person’s personality changes /will change over time in response to life events such as a marriage or advancement/promotion(s) in the career.

参考范文：

Last summer, I went to a botanical garden and saw the scene where a man was taking photos of a woman who hugged a big tree.

【高分句型一】（图画内容）

Nowadays, traveling is becoming a more and more important part of our life. But some travelers have some bad behaviors and habits while visiting some places of interest.Some make noises in public places.Others throw rubbish and write or draw everywhere and so on. （感想）

As a middle school student, I think we should pay attention to our behaviors. For example, throw rubbish into dustbins and don't write or draw on the relics. Don't make noises in public places. We'd better follow guides and obey orders. At the same time, not only should we protect natural environment but also respect local customs and traditions. 【高分句型二】（提高游客素质的可行性建议）