还剩19页未读，
继续阅读
2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题（含答案）
展开
这是一份2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题（含答案），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Think “winter vacation,” and dream of warm shorelines and sun-splashed ancient ruins. Whatever your idea of a winter getaway, here are some urban destinations where you can embrace the season.
Buenos Aires, Argentina-Average January high:84°F
Carnival in Argentina is one of the best times of the year. Tango dancers, soccer players, and folk musicians show off their talents here. Once the richest city in the world. B．A．holds grand 18th-and 19th-century architecture in neighborhoods like Recoleta. In the Boca barrio, brightly painted houses surround La Bonbonera, the home stadium for working-class football team the Boca Juniors.
Honolulu, Hawaii-Average January high:81°F
The Pacific Ocean metropolis reveals itself as a far more complex place than picture postcards suggest, loaded with interesting neighborhoods and a history filled with royals and imperial ambitions. Sunbathe on palm-fringed Waikiki Beach, hike up Diamond Head, or visit Iolani Palace, home to the last Hawaiian king.
Melbourne, Australia-Average January high: 79°F
Australia’s second-biggest city has transformed from a military camp of the British Empire into a multicultural 21st-century melting pot. A strong immigrant population powers many of the 600 stalls at Queen Victoria Market: there’s also a Chinatown and the Greek Precinct, with its Hellenic Museum.
Port of Spain, Trinidad-Average January high:88°F
The capital of Trinidad is one of the top spots in the Caribbean to experience a pre-Lent carnival, with musicians and dancers in feathered costumes kicking off the party in the central Queen’s Park Savannah. This 260-acre park also holds the Emperor Valley Zoo and the Royal Botanic Gardens, with indigenous and international trees planted on the grounds of a former sugar plantation.
1．Which place best suits visitors seeking culture diversity?
A．Buenos Aires, Argentina. B．Honolulu, Hawaii.
C．Melbourne, Australia. D．Port of Spain, Trinidad.
2．What can visitors enjoy in both Buenos Aires and Port of Spain?
A．Pop music. B．Carnival dances.
C．Abundant gardens. D．Ancient architecture.
3．Where can the text be found?
A．In a geography textbook. B．In a travel magazine.
C．In a summer activity guide. D．In a sport guidebook.
In the opening scenes of the new film Good Night Oppy, the Opportunity rover (漫游车) rolls along through Perseverance Valley on Mars in June 2018.
But a storm forming on the horizon changed everything. This storm was different. It rapidly grew in size, encircling the planet and blocking out the sun. The solar-powered rover’s last message to mission control translated to this: “My battery is low and it’s getting dark.”
This chapter is just the beginning of the documentary, available to stream on Amazon Prime on November 23, 2022. The film traces the journey of the twin rovers — Opportunity and Spirit — and the people who dedicated their lives to them from concept to that last transmission.
These two rovers built by NASA engineers in the early 2000s were to search for past evidence of water on Mars. Both were launched in 2003 inside Delta rockets and landed in 2004 on opposite sides of the red planet. The dual mission’s first 90 days came and went, and NASA engineers realized the two rovers were ready for more adventure.
Spirit and Opportunity’s findings rewrote the textbooks with new information about Mars and its watery past while they both got into all sorts of trouble in between discoveries, like getting stuck in the sand and nearly rushing down the sides of steep craters (火山口). The bonds between team members and the rovers quickly deepened, despite the vast distance between Earth and Mars, making it more difficult when Spirit’s journey ended in 2011 and Opportunity fell silent in 2018. Spirit and Oppy’s missions have ended, but Mars exploration continues today through next-generation rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance.
The film shines a light on the hope of space exploration and captures the emotional attachment between humans and the robotic ambassadors that explore on our behalf.
4．What caused the death of Opportunity?
A．A slide in the valley. B．A sand trap.
C．A fall in a crater. D．A huge storm.
5．Why did NASA send the two rovers to Mars?
A．To discover water sources on Mars. B．To record the data of storms on Mars.
C．To map the shape of valleys on Mars. D．To detect signs of past water on Mars.
6．What do the “robotic ambassadors” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Delta rockets. B．Spirit and Opportunity.
C．NASA engineers. D．Curiosity and Perseverance.
7．What’s the purpose of this text?
A．To recommend a documentary. B．To appreciate engineers’ devotion.
C．To honor the Opportunity rover. D．To present NASA’s achievements.
Going green is good for business. Consumers are often willing to pay more for eco-friendly products than other comparable products on the market, according to market research. But not all environmental claims are created equally. “Greenwashing” is a form of misinformation often used to fascinate an aspiring green consumer. Companies promising to be sustainable, or biodegradable sometimes fail to meet the promises they make to consumers.
Greenwashing is particularly common in the fashion industry, says Maxine Bédat, director of The New Standard Institute, a think tank focused on improving the industry’s environmental standards. Being sustainable is the latest trend and a way for the industry to attract consumers. “I think we’re at the top of greenwashing in the industry,” she says.
Retailers will mislead consumers by distracting them from a company’s larger issues. For example, a large retailer might roll out a new line of products, such as jeans, that uses less water and therefore theoretically has less of an environmental impact than the other clothes the company sells. “You think ‘Oh that sounds great,’” Bédat says. But that same company might ignore water usage in the rest of their products lines, while doing nothing to address the other ways that their production might be harming the environment.
When it comes to fashion, Bérdat says to rethink shopping habits. After all, buying a new sweater labeled “carbon neutral” still produces more carbon than wearing a sweater already in your closet. She notes, “The most sustainable thing you can do as a consumer is wear the things you have more.”
As more companies look to cash in on sustainable marketing, governments are beginning to take more action to protect consumers. In New York, The Fashion Act would require fashion companies operating in the state to obey the Paris Climate Agreement. A new law brought forth by members of the European Union would more strictly regulate environmental claims and sustainability labels slapped on products sold in Europe.
8．What is the purpose of greenwashing?
A．To advocate proper use of water. B．To introduce green ways to wash clothes.
C．To reduce the impact on environment. D．To attract those eco-friendly customers.
9．What does the example in paragraph 3 present?
A．A new trend in fashion. B．A new kind of product.
C．A way of greenwashing. D．A large issue of a company.
10．What is Bérdat’s attitude towards greenwashing?
A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Unclear.
11．Why did European Union put forward a new law?
A．To enhance the quality of products. B．To raise people’s awareness of going green.
C．To protect customers from greenwashing. D．To encourage carbon-neutral product lines.
Erin Alexander was having a hard day. A waitress working at Starbucks was too. Erin ordered an iced green tea and told the waitress to cheer up. After picking up the order, she noticed a message on the cup: “Erin, your soul is golden.” Erin Alexander recalled the incident, “Of course, I was still really sad, but that little thing made the rest of my day.”
New findings, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in August, prove just how powerful experiences like Erin’s can be. Researchers found that people who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it. And they believe that miscalculation could hold many of us back from doing nice things for others more often.
A recent experiment recruited 84 participants at an ice skating rink in Chicago, where they were given a hot chocolate and asked to keep it or give it to a stranger as an act of kindness. The 75participants who gave away their hot chocolate were asked to predict how the recipient would feel on a scale from 0(very small) to 10(very large), and the recipients were then asked to report their actual feelings on the same scales.
In that experiment, the people doing the kind thing consistently underestimated the appreciation they receive, according to Amit Kumar, a psychology professor at the University of Texas. “People tend to think that what they are giving is kind of little, maybe it’s relatively inconsequential,” Dr. Kumar said. “But recipients are less likely to think along those lines. They consider the gesture to be significantly more meaningful because they are also thinking about the fact that someone did something nice for them.” Dr. Kumar continued, “With an experiment like this, I hope it will inspire more people to actually commit random acts of kindness.”
12．What’s the function of paragraph 1?
A．To present a fact. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To describe a scene. D．To explain an opinion.
13．What can we learn about the experiment?
A．All participants give away their hot chocolate.
B．Recipients received kind gestures from their friends.
C．Recipients showed more appreciation than givers think.
D．Participants reported their feelings on a scale from 0 to 10.
14．What does the underlined word “inconsequential” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Insignificant. B．Substantial.
C．Beneficial. D．Unbelievable.
15．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Power of Small Acts of Kindness. B．The Magic of Receivers’ Appreciation
C．The Importance of Appreciating Kindness. D．The Impact of a Simple Message on a Cup.
二、七选五
Do you like cilantro(香菜)? Cilantro is a common food that people tend to either adore or abuse. ____16____ But the reasons behind what you like and don’t like are not always so straightforward.
____17____ Your sense of smell allows you to distinguish between something like strawberry and cherry. Scientists looked at olfactory (receptors and discovered that individuals with a certain gene. OR6A2, are more sensitive to smelling cilantro. That, in turn, affects how people sense its flavor. ____18____ When you’re open to these foods, you learn to like what you eat. Even people who hate cilantro may be able to learn to at least tolerate it, if not like it.
Culture plays a big role in what you like, too. Food preferences vary across cultures. When it comes down to food preferences in different parts of the world, it has a lot to do with what’s available and considered a food staple (主食).____19____But there will always be exceptions-a Greek person who can’t stand olives or a Dutch person who hates cheese.
While preferences can be formed after a few attempts, negative experiences with foods, especially when you’re young, can have a lasting effect. ____20____ Jasmine Robinson, 29, from Athens, shared her story about olives. When she was young, another child, who wouldn’t let her have a turn on a swing, made fun of her while eating olives from a jar and being mean. She later tried olives as an adult but failed.
A．We like sweet and hate bitter.
B．Love it or hate it is pretty clear.
C．But your biology is not everything.
D．It is related to familiarity and not biology.
E．Your preference can come down to genetics.
F．Associations can make you like or not like something.
G．Just one bad experience can turn you off from something for life.
三、完形填空
Every day, there are 25,000 flights in America. Accidents are so rare that flying is much ____21____ than car travel. But that doesn’t stop many people from feeling ____22____ when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33,000 feet above the ground.
That’s what ____23____ recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline. Floyd Dean-Shannon ____24____ the woman’s distress. As a flight attendant, he has plenty to do during a flight. But he paused and spoke ____25____ to the woman. Floyd calmly explained what the ____26____ was and all the other perfectly routine sounds you hear as a plane flies.
____27____ the woman began to calm down a bit, Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand. He sat with her through the ____28____ flight. When Floyd learned it was another passenger’s birthday, he led the plane in a song to ____29____ — another way of making the woman feel safe by ____30____ her from her fears. He stayed by the woman’s side until it was time to land.
In a world where most focus on what’s happening on a screen, we can ____31____ occasionally and check on those ____32____ us. Like Floyd, we can be ____33____ enough to see to be there. We don’t have to be professional counselors; we just need to be ____34____. Having a friend when you most need it not only gets you through the ____35____ parts in your life — it also gives you the confidence to be a friend to others.
21．A．cheaper B．faster C．safer D．closer
22．A．doubtful B．panicked C．curious D．depressed
23．A．happened B．appealed C．applied D．mattered
24．A．handled B．removed C．noticed D．predicted
25．A．casually B．cautiously C．frankly D．reassuringly
26．A．noise B．equipment C．situation D．call
27．A．Unless B．Because C．Until D．As
28．A．particular B．entire C．final D．usual
29．A．relax B．celebrate C．remember D．learn
30．A．protecting B．discouraging C．saving D．distracting
31．A．look up B．take off C．break in D．stand out
32．A．against B．behind C．around D．like
33．A．brave B．confident C．open D．grateful
34．A．attendants B．neighbors C．passengers D．friends
35．A．unknown B．rough C．special D．busy
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Limiting the screen time of teenagers is not as effective as intended. A report ____36____ (release) Tuesday showed that the “teenager mode” on 20 Chinese major video platforms, including Douyin, Bilibili, and iQiyi, ____37____(lack) relevant content for minors as required, with some showing empty pages with no videos. Instead of adding more educational and knowledge-based videos in the feed, many were filled with food ____38____(recommend).
Introduced in 2019 by China’s top Internet watchdog, a 40-minute daily time use on young users was carried out ____39____ no nighttime browsing was allowed. These features aimed to restrict the screen time of minors, limiting their access ____40____ harmful contents.
With the ____41____ (grow) popularity of short video apps, there have been concerns about the overuse of ____42____ (they) and their impact on young users. A2022 report by the China Internet Network Information Center said that nearly 40% of teenage Internet users encountered “____43____(healthy) and negative information”.
Over the years, academic experts and analysts ____44____ (criticize)video platforms for ignoring the flaws (缺陷) in their operating systems, though industry insiders claim that a shortage of content tailored toward teenage users has posed ____45____ additional challenge. While urging for regulatory efforts, some experts warned that too many restrictions could cause opposite effects.
五、其他应用文
46．下周，你将参与你校与英国友好学校举办的“我最喜爱的艺术家”线上交流活动。请你准备一篇英语发言稿。内容包括：
1.介绍你最喜爱的艺术家及其代表作；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I like staying overnight at my Gramma’s house — that is, until Gramma starts telling me how wonderful my cousin Maya is. Then it’s Maya this and Maya that until I don’t ever want to hear another word about her.
That’s why I wasn’t too excited when Gramma called me on the phone to “come on over and bring your pajamas.” When I got there, it was worse than I’d expected. There, in Grandpa’s big leather rocker, sat Maya, all dressed up and formal-looking and wearing fancy shoes as if she’d just been to a party.
“Surprise, Kristen!” Gramma said. “Your cousin Maya and her parents have traveled in from the East Coast on business. Maya gets to stay with us this afternoon. “Gramma chattered away about how excited she’d been for this surprise get-together, and how cousins ought to get to know each other better.
I hung my baseball cap in the closet and set my backpack by the stairway, all the time smiling and nodding as if I’d been waiting forever for this chance to spend an afternoon with Maya. Grandpa’s chair squawked (咯咯叫) as Maya rocked back and forth. It’s the chair I like best in the house, the one I usually sit in. I sat down on the sofa across from her.
Shortly, Gramma went off to the kitchen to “see about some lunch,” she’d said. That left me stuck in the living room with rocking Maya.
She was still small but taller than I’d remembered her from her last visit four years ago. She was good at small talk, though, and was chatting away about how nice it was to see me again. But I could tell that she didn’t really think so. The last time she was here, we’d had hours of fun together building caves out of Gramma’s sofa pillows.
After that, I’d heard about her only through Gramma’s tales. Maya taking piano lessons. Maya learning math. Maya, Maya, Maya. Now Maya was here, looking great with the latest haircut and a fancy dress.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Glancing down at my jeans and my old sneakers, I wished I hadn’t come.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“How do you know all these things about me?” I asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．B
【导语】本文是应用文。文章讲述了几个寒假可以去旅游的城市目的地：阿根廷的布宜诺斯艾利斯，夏威夷的火奴鲁鲁，澳大利亚的墨尔本和西班牙的特立尼达。
1．细节理解题。根据Melbourne, Australia-Average January high: 79°F部分的“Australia’s second-biggest city has transformed from a military camp of the British Empire into a multicultural 21st-century melting pot.( 澳大利亚第二大城市从大英帝国的军营变成了21世纪多元文化的大熔炉。)”可知，墨尔本最适合寻求文化多样性的游客。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Buenos Aires, Argentina-Average January high:84°F部分“Carnival in Argentina is one of the best times of the year. Tango dancers, soccer players, and folk musicians show off their talents here.( 阿根廷的狂欢节是一年中最好的时光之一。探戈舞者、足球运动员和民间音乐家在这里展示他们的才华。)”和Port of Spain, Trinidad-Average January high:88°F部分“The capital of Trinidad is one of the top spots in the Caribbean to experience a pre-Lent carnival, with musicians and dancers in feathered costumes kicking off the party in the central Queen’s Park Savannah.( 特立尼达的首都是加勒比海地区体验大斋节前狂欢节的最佳地点之一，在萨凡纳女王公园中心，穿着羽毛服装的音乐家和舞者拉开了派对的序幕。)”可知，在这两个地方游客可以欣赏到狂欢节舞蹈。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段的“TWhatever your idea of a winter getaway, here are some urban destinations where you can embrace the season.(无论你对冬季度假的想法是什么，这里有一些城市目的地，你可以拥抱这个季节。)”以及下文的介绍可知，文章讲述了几个寒假可以去旅游的城市目的地，因此推断选择旅游杂志。故选B。
4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部纪录片电影《晚安，机遇号》，它追溯了“机遇号”和“勇气号”这个火星漫游车的旅程，以及从概念到最后一次传输，为它们奉献生命的人们。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“But a storm forming on the horizon changed everything. This storm was different. It rapidly grew in size, encircling the planet and blocking out the sun. The solar-powered rover’s last message to mission control translated to this: “My battery is low and it’s getting dark.”（但地平线上形成的一场风暴改变了一切。这次风暴不一样。它的体积迅速增大，环绕着火星，挡住了太阳。太阳能火星车向任务控制中心发送的最后一条信息是这样的：“我的电池快没电了，天快黑了。”）”可知，巨大的风暴遮住了太阳，让“机遇号”火星漫游车无法获取太阳能，因此结束了生命。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“These two rovers built by NASA engineers in the early 2000s were to search for past evidence of water on Mars.（这两辆探测车是由美国宇航局的工程师在21世纪初建造的，目的是寻找火星上存在水的证据。）”可知，美国宇航局发送这两辆火车漫游车是为了发现火星上曾经存在水的迹象。故选D项。
6．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The film traces the journey of the twin rovers — Opportunity and Spirit — and the people who dedicated their lives to them from concept to that last transmission.（这部电影追溯了“机遇号”和“勇气号”这对孪生漫游车的旅程，以及从概念到最后一次传输，为它们奉献生命的人们。）”和倒数第二段中“The bonds between team members and the rovers quickly deepened, despite the vast distance between Earth and Mars, making it more difficult when Spirit’s journey ended in 2011 and Opportunity fell silent in 2018.（尽管地球和火星之间距离遥远，但团队成员和漫游车之间的联系迅速加深，这使得2011年“勇气号”的旅程结束、2018年“机遇号”的沉寂变得更加困难。）”可知，这部电影围绕“机遇号”和“勇气号”漫游车展开，两个漫游车和团队成员之间建立了深厚的感情联系。由此推知，最后一段中“robotic ambassador”指的就是“机遇号”和“勇气号”火星漫游车。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the opening scenes of the new film Good Night Oppy, the Opportunity rover (漫游车) rolls along through Perseverance Valley on Mars in June 2018.（2018年6月，在新电影《晚安，机遇号》的片头，“机遇号”漫游车在火星上的毅力谷行驶。）”、第三段中“This chapter is just the beginning of the documentary, available to stream on Amazon Prime on November 23, 2022.（这一章只是这部纪录片的开始，将于2022年11月23日在亚马逊Prime上播放。）”和最后一段中“The film shines a light on the hope of space exploration and captures the emotional attachment between humans and the robotic ambassadors that explore on our behalf.（这部电影揭示了太空探索的希望，并捕捉到了人类与代表我们探索的机器人大使之间的情感依恋。）”可知，文章主要围绕纪录片电影《晚安，机遇号》展开，文中穿插了对背景信息的介绍。由此推知，文章的目的是推荐一部纪录片电影。故选A项。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了环保对商业有好处。消费者往往愿意为环保产品支付比市场上其他同类产品更多的钱。但并不是所有的环保主张都是平等的。“洗绿”是一种错误信息，通常用来吸引绿色消费者。介绍了避免成为“洗绿”受害者的方法。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段的““Greenwashing” is a form of misinformation often used to fascinate an aspiring green consumer.( “洗绿”是一种错误的信息，通常用来吸引有抱负的绿色消费者。)”可知，环保洗涤的目的是为了吸引那些环保的顾客。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段的“For example, a large retailer might roll out a new line of products, such as jeans, that uses less water and therefore theoretically has less of an environmental impact than the other clothes the company sells. “You think ‘Oh that sounds great,’” Bédat says. But that same company might ignore water usage in the rest of their products lines, while doing nothing to address the other ways that their production might be harming the environment.（例如，一家大型零售商可能会推出一种新的产品系列，比如牛仔裤，这种产品用水量更少，因此理论上对环境的影响比该公司销售的其他服装要小。Bédat说“你认为‘哦，那听起来很好，’”但是，同一家公司可能会忽视其其他产品线的用水问题，或者不采取任何措施解决其他可能损害环境的产品）并结合首句“Retailers will mislead consumers by distracting them from a company’s larger issues.( 零售商会通过分散消费者对公司更大问题的注意力来误导消费者。)”可知，通过这个例子是为了说明声称可持续发展的企业可能会误导消费者，隐藏更大的问题，因此推断这个事例是为了呈现“洗绿”的一种方式。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When it comes to fashion, Bérdat says to rethink shopping habits. After all, buying a new sweater labeled “carbon neutral” still produces more carbon than wearing a sweater already in your closet. She notes, “The most sustainable thing you can do as a consumer is wear the things you have more.”(谈到时尚，Bérdat 说要重新思考购物习惯。毕竟，买一件标着“碳中性”的新毛衣仍然比穿你衣橱里已有的毛衣产生更多的碳。她指出:“作为消费者，你能做的最可持续的事情就是更多地穿你拥有的东西。”)”可推断，Bérdat对“洗绿”不支持。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“As more companies look to cash in on sustainable marketing, governments are beginning to take more action to protect consumers. …A new law brought forth by members of the European Union would more strictly regulate environmental claims and sustainability labels slapped on products sold in Europe.(随着越来越多的公司希望从可持续营销中获利，政府也开始采取更多行动来保护消费者。……欧盟成员国提出的一项新法律将更严格地规范在欧洲销售的产品上的环保声明和可持续性标签。)”可知，欧盟推出新法律是为了保护消费者不受“洗绿”的危害。故选C。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述研究人员发现，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度，误判可能会阻碍我们中的许多人更频繁地为他人做好事，希望这个结果可以鼓舞人更多地做好事。
12．推理判断题。第一段“Erin Alexander was having a hard day. A waitress working at Starbucks was too. Erin ordered an iced green tea and told the waitress to cheer up. After picking up the order, she noticed a message on the cup: “Erin, your soul is golden.” Erin Alexander recalled the incident, “Of course, I was still really sad, but that little thing made the rest of my day.”(艾琳·亚历山大今天过得很辛苦。在星巴克工作的一个女服务员也是。艾琳点了一杯冰绿茶，让服务员振作起来。拿起订单后，她注意到杯子上的一句话:“艾琳，你的灵魂是金色的。”艾琳·亚历山大回忆起这件事:“当然，我还是很难过，但那件小事让我一整天都很开心。”)”讲述了一个小的善意让双方都感到快乐的小故事，结合第二段的“New findings, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in August, prove just how powerful experiences like Erin’s can be. Researchers found that people who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it.( 8月份发表在《实验心理学杂志》(Journal of Experimental Psychology)上的新发现证明了像艾琳这样的经历有多么强大。研究人员发现，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度。)”讲述了文章的主题可推断，第一段的功能是引出话题。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段的““People tend to think that what they are giving is kind of little, maybe it’s relatively inconsequential,” Dr. Kumar said. “But recipients are less likely to think along those lines. They consider the gesture to be significantly more meaningful because they are also thinking about the fact that someone did something nice for them.”(“人们倾向于认为，他们所付出的是微不足道的，或许是相对无关紧要的，”库马尔说。但接受人不太可能这么想。他们认为这一举动更有意义，因为他们也会想到有人为他们做了好事。”)”可知，接受人比给予者所想到的表现出更多地感激。故选C。
14．词句猜测题。根据前文“People tend to think that what they are giving is kind of little(人们倾向于认为他们所给予的很少)”和后文“But recipients are less likely to think along those lines. They consider the gesture to be significantly more meaningful because they are also thinking about the fact that someone did something nice for them.(但接受人不太可能这么想。他们认为这一举动更有意义，因为他们也会想到有人为他们做了好事。)”以及But表示转折关系可知，人们的倾向于认为自己做的很少，微不足道，划线词与A项“不重要的”意思相近。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“New findings, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in August, prove just how powerful experiences like Erin’s can be. Researchers found that people who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it. And they believe that miscalculation could hold many of us back from doing nice things for others more often.( 8月份发表在《实验心理学杂志》(Journal of Experimental Psychology)上的新发现证明了像艾琳这样的经历有多么强大。研究人员发现，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度。他们认为，误判可能会阻碍我们中的许多人更频繁地为他人做好事。)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了一个实验结果，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度。研究者希望通过这个结果能鼓舞更多地人做好事，因此推断A项“小善意的力量”为最佳标题。故选A。
16．B 17．E 18．C 19．D 20．G
【导语】本文是说明文。文章分析讲述了人们对食物有所偏好的原因。
16．前文“Cilantro is a common food that people tend to either adore or abuse.( 香菜是一种常见的食物，人们要么喜欢它，要么讨厌它。)”提到人们对香菜的喜好，下文“But the reasons behind what you like and don’t like are not always so straightforward.(但你喜欢什么和不喜欢什么背后的原因并不总是那么直截了当。)”提到了喜好的原因并不那么简单，因此推断空处需承上启下，B项“爱它或恨它是很清楚的。”符合语境，承接上文说明对食物的喜好简单明了，因此下文对偏好背后原因的探索。故选B。
17．根据下文“Scientists looked at olfactory (receptors and discovered that individuals with a certain gene. OR6A2, are more sensitive to smelling cilantro. That, in turn, affects how people sense its flavor.( 科学家们观察了嗅觉受体，发现具有某种基因的个体。OR6A2对香菜的气味更敏感。这反过来又影响了人们对其味道的感知。)”可知，此处讲述了基因对食物偏爱的影响，因此推断E项“你的偏好可以归结为基因”符合语境。故选E。
18．根据前文“cientists looked at olfactory (receptors and discovered that individuals with a certain gene. OR6A2, are more sensitive to smelling cilantro. That, in turn, affects how people sense its flavor.( 科学家们观察了嗅觉受体，发现具有某种基因的个体。OR6A2对香菜的气味更敏感。这反过来又影响了人们对其味道的感知。)”可知，基因造成了对食物的偏好，下文“When you’re open to these foods, you learn to like what you eat. Even people who hate cilantro may be able to learn to at least tolerate it, if not like it.( 当你对这些食物敞开心扉时，你就会学会喜欢你吃的东西。即使是讨厌香菜的人，即使不喜欢它，至少也能学会忍受它。)”讲述如果学会接受，对食物偏好也会改变，与上文是转折关系，因此推断C项“但生理并不是一切。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
19．前文“Culture plays a big role in what you like, too. Food preferences vary across cultures. When it comes down to food preferences in different parts of the world, it has a lot to do with what’s available and considered a food staple (主食).( 文化对你的喜好也起着很大的作用。不同文化对食物的偏好各不相同。当谈到世界不同地区的食物偏好时，它与什么是可用的和被认为是主食有很大关系。)”讲述对食物的喜好与文化有关，D项“这与熟悉程度有关，与生物学无关。”符合语境，说明对食物的熟悉程度决定着喜好，it指代上文提到的文化对喜好的影响。故选D。
20．前文“While preferences can be formed after a few attempts, negative experiences with foods, especially when you’re young, can have a lasting effect.(虽然偏好可以在几次尝试后形成，但对食物的负面体验，尤其是在你年轻的时候，可能会产生持久的影响。)”讲述对食物的体验对偏好的影响，G项中的“bad experience”呼应前文的experiences，因此推断G项“一次糟糕的经历就能让你对某件事失去兴趣。”符合语境。故选G。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在一架飞机上，乘务员弗洛伊德·迪安·香农注意到了一位女士对飞机产生恐惧，给予了解释安慰并全程陪伴。在生活中，我们也要成为别人的朋友，注意到别人所发生的事，而不是只关注屏幕。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事故是如此罕见，乘飞机比开车安全得多。A. cheaper便宜的；B. faster快的；C. safer安全的；D. closer近的。根据本句“Accidents are so rare”可知，事故稀少，应是安全的。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这并不能阻止许多人在以每小时500英里、距离地面33000英尺的速度飞行时感到恐慌。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. panicked恐慌的；C. curious好奇的；D. depressed沮丧的。本句前文“Accidents are so rare that flying is much 1 than car travel.”以及本句的“But”可知，前后转折含义，虽然安全，但是仍会感到恐慌。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是最近发生在一名乘坐商业航空公司航班的女性身上的事情。A. happened发生；B. appealed呼吁；C. applied申请；D. mattered重要；根据前文“But that doesn’t stop many people from feeling 2 when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33,000 feet above the ground.”可知，这种情况发生在一位女士身上。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗洛伊德·迪安·香农注意到了这个女人的痛苦。A. handled处理；B. removed移除；C. noticed注意到；D. predicted预测。根据下文“But he paused and spoke 5 to the woman.”可知，注意到了，所以才会停下来安慰。故选C。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但他停了一下，安慰那个女人。A. casually随意地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. frankly坦白地；D. reassuringly安慰地。根据前文“Floyd Dean-Shannon 4 the woman’s distress.”可知，女士感到痛苦，他安慰她。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：弗洛伊德平静地解释了噪音是什么，以及你在飞机飞行时听到的所有其他完美的常规声音。A. noise噪音；B. equipment设备；C. situation情况；D. call电话。根据本句“all the other perfectly routine sounds you hear as a plane flies.”可知，他在向女士解释噪音以及其他声音都是什么。故选A。
27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当那个女人开始平静下来时，弗洛伊德在她旁边的过道上坐下，握着她的手。A. Unless除非；B. Because因为；C. Until直到；D. As当……时。根据本句“Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand”可知，应是时间状语从句。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他全程陪伴着她。A. particular尤其的；B. entire整个的；C. final最终的；D. usual通常的。根据本句“through”可知，全程陪伴。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当弗洛伊德得知这是另一位乘客的生日时，他带领飞机唱了一首歌来庆祝——这是另一种让这位女士从恐惧中转移注意力、让她感到安全的方式。A. relax放松；B. celebrate庆祝；C. remember记住；D. learn学习。根据本句“another passenger’s birthday”可知，应是庆祝生日。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当弗洛伊德得知这是另一位乘客的生日时，他带领飞机唱了一首歌来庆祝——这是另一种让这位女士从恐惧中转移注意力、让她感到安全的方式。A. protecting保护；B. discouraging使……沮丧；C. saving拯救；D. distracting使转移注意力。根据本句“another passenger’s birthday”以及空后“from her fears”可知，庆祝生日的行为可以转移她的恐惧。故选D。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个大多数人都把注意力集中在屏幕上的世界里，我们可以偶尔抬头看看周围的人。A. look up抬头看；B. take off起飞；C. break in打断；D. stand out杰出。根据本句“most focus on what’s happening on a screen”可知，应是从屏幕上抬起头。故选A。
32．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在一个大多数人都把注意力集中在屏幕上的世界里，我们可以偶尔抬头看看周围的人。A. against反对；B. behind后面；C. around周围；D. like像。根据本句“most focus on what’s happening on a screen”以及空后的宾语“us”可知 ，应是把注意力从屏幕上转移到我们周围的人。故选C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像弗洛伊德一样，我们可以足够开放，看到那里。A. brave勇敢的；B. confident自信的；C. open打开的；D. grateful感激的。根据本句“to see to be there”可知，看到事情的发生，前提是足够开放，愿意去关注。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不需要成为专业的咨询师；我们只需要成为朋友。A. attendants学生；B. neighbors邻居；C. passengers乘客；D. friends朋友。根据下文“Having a friend when you most need it not only gets you through the 15 parts in your life-it also gives you the confidence to be a friend to others.”可知，不需要成为专业的咨询师，只需要成为朋友。故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在你最需要的时候拥有一个朋友，它不仅能帮你度过生活中的艰难时刻，还能让你有信心成为别人的朋友。A. unknown未知的；B. rough艰难的；C. special特别的；D. busy忙的。根据本句主语“Having a friend”可知，朋友帮你度过生活中的艰难时刻。故选B。
36．released 37．lacked 38．recommendations 39．and 40．to 41．growing 42．them 43．unhealthy 44．have criticized 45．an
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍一份报告显示中国主要视频平台的“青少年模式”缺乏针对未成年人的相关内容。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：周二发布的一份报告显示，抖音、哔哩哔哩和爱奇艺等20个中国主要视频平台的“青少年模式”缺乏针对未成年人的相关内容，一些平台显示的是没有视频的空页面。主句已有谓语动词showed，故空处填非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语report和release之间是被动关系，且该动作已经完成，故用过去分词表被动和完成。故填released。
37．考查时态。句意同上。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，从句陈述事实，结合主句为一般过去时可知，从句也用一般过去时，故填lacked。
38．考查名词。句意：许多视频中没有添加更多的教育性和知识性视频，而是充满了食物推荐。空处应填名词作宾语，recommendation“推荐”是可数名词，此处指很多视频中的推荐，故应用复数形式。故填recommendations。
39．考查并列连词。句意：中国最高互联网监管机构于2019年推出，对年轻用户实行每天40分钟的时间使用，不允许夜间浏览。“a 40-minute daily time use on young users was carried out”和“no nighttime browsing was allowed”是两项规定，它们是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
40．考查介词。句意：这些功能旨在限制未成年人的屏幕时间，限制他们访问有害内容。结合句意表达“接触，访问”用access to。故填to。
41．考查形容词。句意：随着短视频应用程序的日益流行，人们担心它们的过度使用及其对年轻用户的影响。修饰名词词组“popularity of short video apps”表示“增长的”，应用形容词growing，作定语。故填growing。
42．考查代词。句意同上。作宾语，指代上文提到的“short video apps”应用宾格代词them。故填them。
43．考查形容词。句意：中国互联网络信息中心的A2022报告称，近40%的青少年网民遇到了“不健康和负面信息”。和下文negative并列作定语，表示“不健康的”，应用形容词unhealthy。故填unhealthy。
44．考查时态。句意：多年来，学术专家和分析人士一直批评视频平台忽视了其操作系统的缺陷，尽管业内人士声称，针对青少年用户的内容短缺带来了额外的挑战。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语Over the years可知，句子用现在完成时，主语academic experts and analysts是复数，助动词用have。故填have criticized。
45．考查冠词。句意同上。challenge“挑战”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，应添加不定冠词，且additional的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
46．Dear all,
It is my pleasure to share with you today about my favorite artist, Vincent van Gogh. Van Gogh was a Dutch post-impressionist painter, best known for his vivid and expressive use of color. One of his most famous works is “Starry Night”, which depicts the night sky over a village in France. The swirling stars and bold brushstrokes make the painting come to life, conveying a sense of movement and emotion.
I admire van Gogh because of his ability to convey intense emotions through his art. He had a difficult life, struggling with mental illness and poverty, but he found comfort and meaning in his painting. His dedication and passion for art are truly inspiring to me.
Thank you for listening.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将与英国友好学校举办的“我最喜爱的艺术家”线上交流活动，要求考生准备一篇英语发言稿，介绍自己最喜爱的艺术家及其代表作，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
乐事：pleasure → enjoyment/delight
知名的：known → renowned/famous
描绘：depict → portray
因为：because of → due to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Van Gogh was a Dutch post-impressionist painter, best known for his vivid and expressive use of color.
拓展句：Van Gogh, who is best known for his vivid and expressive use of color, was a Dutch post-impressionist painter.
【点睛】[高分句型1] One of his most famous works is “Starry Night”, which depicts the night sky over a village in France. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The swirling stars and bold brushstrokes make the painting come to life, conveying a sense of movement and emotion. (运用了现在分词作伴随状语)
47．One possible version:
Glancing down at my jeans and my old sneakers, I wished I hadn’t come. A rush of shame flooded over me as I compared myself to Maya-Gramma’s favorite. She was smarter, prettier, and more talented than I could ever hope to be. The thought of being loved less by Gramma because of Maya was unbearable. “I hear you like to skate,” Maya’s words crashed through my thoughts. What she announced was totally beyond my expectation. Astonished and speechless, I wondered how she knew about my skating. “I hear you are the captain of your basketball team. Even better, you are always competitive and aggressive in any sports activities,” she exclaimed, her eyes full of envy and admiration.
“How do you know all these things about me?” I asked Shrugging and looking down, Maya told me that my Gramma wrote about me in her letters and that I was her favorite person to write about. Numb with shock, I stared at Maya’s face, and the only thing that came to my mind was, “You won the first prize in the math competition, didn’t you?” Maya looked up, confused. I explained that my Gramma talked about her all the time. We laughed, chatted about everything, and had fun building caves out of Gramma’s sofa pillows. Time flew by, and as Maya and her parents drove off, Gramma and I waved goodbye until they were out of sight. “Isn’t Maya a lovely child!” Gramma grinned. “She’s really nice,” I agreed, now understanding that Gramma had two favorites.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者喜欢奶奶家过夜，但奶奶老是谈论表妹玛雅，这让作者感到不高兴。一天，玛雅和她的父母到访，她一直玩作者最喜欢的爷爷的椅子，她还剪了最新的发型，穿了一件漂亮的衣服。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我低头看了看自己的牛仔裤和旧运动鞋，真希望自己没来。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到自己与玛雅的差距，想到奶奶对玛雅的爱，心理不是滋味。但玛雅的话让作者大吃一惊。
②由第二段首句内容“‘你是怎么知道我的这些事的?’我问。”可知，第二段可描写作者从玛雅口中得知，奶奶也一直在夸奖自已，最终明白了自己也奶奶的最爱。
2.续写线索：发现差距感到羞耻——玛雅的话让人吃惊——得知奶奶夸奖自已的真相——理解奶奶的爱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：wish/hope
②预期：expectation/anticipation
③大声说：exclaim/speak out
情绪类
①非常惊讶的：astonished/surprised
②困惑的：confused/puzzled
【点睛】[高分句型1] A rush of shame flooded over me as I compared myself to Maya-Gramma’s favorite.(运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]What she announced was totally beyond my expectation.(运用了连词what引导主语从句)
[高分句型3] I explained that my Gramma talked about her all the time.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句)
2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Think “winter vacation,” and dream of warm shorelines and sun-splashed ancient ruins. Whatever your idea of a winter getaway, here are some urban destinations where you can embrace the season.
Buenos Aires, Argentina-Average January high:84°F
Carnival in Argentina is one of the best times of the year. Tango dancers, soccer players, and folk musicians show off their talents here. Once the richest city in the world. B．A．holds grand 18th-and 19th-century architecture in neighborhoods like Recoleta. In the Boca barrio, brightly painted houses surround La Bonbonera, the home stadium for working-class football team the Boca Juniors.
Honolulu, Hawaii-Average January high:81°F
The Pacific Ocean metropolis reveals itself as a far more complex place than picture postcards suggest, loaded with interesting neighborhoods and a history filled with royals and imperial ambitions. Sunbathe on palm-fringed Waikiki Beach, hike up Diamond Head, or visit Iolani Palace, home to the last Hawaiian king.
Melbourne, Australia-Average January high: 79°F
Australia’s second-biggest city has transformed from a military camp of the British Empire into a multicultural 21st-century melting pot. A strong immigrant population powers many of the 600 stalls at Queen Victoria Market: there’s also a Chinatown and the Greek Precinct, with its Hellenic Museum.
Port of Spain, Trinidad-Average January high:88°F
The capital of Trinidad is one of the top spots in the Caribbean to experience a pre-Lent carnival, with musicians and dancers in feathered costumes kicking off the party in the central Queen’s Park Savannah. This 260-acre park also holds the Emperor Valley Zoo and the Royal Botanic Gardens, with indigenous and international trees planted on the grounds of a former sugar plantation.
1．Which place best suits visitors seeking culture diversity?
A．Buenos Aires, Argentina. B．Honolulu, Hawaii.
C．Melbourne, Australia. D．Port of Spain, Trinidad.
2．What can visitors enjoy in both Buenos Aires and Port of Spain?
A．Pop music. B．Carnival dances.
C．Abundant gardens. D．Ancient architecture.
3．Where can the text be found?
A．In a geography textbook. B．In a travel magazine.
C．In a summer activity guide. D．In a sport guidebook.
In the opening scenes of the new film Good Night Oppy, the Opportunity rover (漫游车) rolls along through Perseverance Valley on Mars in June 2018.
But a storm forming on the horizon changed everything. This storm was different. It rapidly grew in size, encircling the planet and blocking out the sun. The solar-powered rover’s last message to mission control translated to this: “My battery is low and it’s getting dark.”
This chapter is just the beginning of the documentary, available to stream on Amazon Prime on November 23, 2022. The film traces the journey of the twin rovers — Opportunity and Spirit — and the people who dedicated their lives to them from concept to that last transmission.
These two rovers built by NASA engineers in the early 2000s were to search for past evidence of water on Mars. Both were launched in 2003 inside Delta rockets and landed in 2004 on opposite sides of the red planet. The dual mission’s first 90 days came and went, and NASA engineers realized the two rovers were ready for more adventure.
Spirit and Opportunity’s findings rewrote the textbooks with new information about Mars and its watery past while they both got into all sorts of trouble in between discoveries, like getting stuck in the sand and nearly rushing down the sides of steep craters (火山口). The bonds between team members and the rovers quickly deepened, despite the vast distance between Earth and Mars, making it more difficult when Spirit’s journey ended in 2011 and Opportunity fell silent in 2018. Spirit and Oppy’s missions have ended, but Mars exploration continues today through next-generation rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance.
The film shines a light on the hope of space exploration and captures the emotional attachment between humans and the robotic ambassadors that explore on our behalf.
4．What caused the death of Opportunity?
A．A slide in the valley. B．A sand trap.
C．A fall in a crater. D．A huge storm.
5．Why did NASA send the two rovers to Mars?
A．To discover water sources on Mars. B．To record the data of storms on Mars.
C．To map the shape of valleys on Mars. D．To detect signs of past water on Mars.
6．What do the “robotic ambassadors” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Delta rockets. B．Spirit and Opportunity.
C．NASA engineers. D．Curiosity and Perseverance.
7．What’s the purpose of this text?
A．To recommend a documentary. B．To appreciate engineers’ devotion.
C．To honor the Opportunity rover. D．To present NASA’s achievements.
Going green is good for business. Consumers are often willing to pay more for eco-friendly products than other comparable products on the market, according to market research. But not all environmental claims are created equally. “Greenwashing” is a form of misinformation often used to fascinate an aspiring green consumer. Companies promising to be sustainable, or biodegradable sometimes fail to meet the promises they make to consumers.
Greenwashing is particularly common in the fashion industry, says Maxine Bédat, director of The New Standard Institute, a think tank focused on improving the industry’s environmental standards. Being sustainable is the latest trend and a way for the industry to attract consumers. “I think we’re at the top of greenwashing in the industry,” she says.
Retailers will mislead consumers by distracting them from a company’s larger issues. For example, a large retailer might roll out a new line of products, such as jeans, that uses less water and therefore theoretically has less of an environmental impact than the other clothes the company sells. “You think ‘Oh that sounds great,’” Bédat says. But that same company might ignore water usage in the rest of their products lines, while doing nothing to address the other ways that their production might be harming the environment.
When it comes to fashion, Bérdat says to rethink shopping habits. After all, buying a new sweater labeled “carbon neutral” still produces more carbon than wearing a sweater already in your closet. She notes, “The most sustainable thing you can do as a consumer is wear the things you have more.”
As more companies look to cash in on sustainable marketing, governments are beginning to take more action to protect consumers. In New York, The Fashion Act would require fashion companies operating in the state to obey the Paris Climate Agreement. A new law brought forth by members of the European Union would more strictly regulate environmental claims and sustainability labels slapped on products sold in Europe.
8．What is the purpose of greenwashing?
A．To advocate proper use of water. B．To introduce green ways to wash clothes.
C．To reduce the impact on environment. D．To attract those eco-friendly customers.
9．What does the example in paragraph 3 present?
A．A new trend in fashion. B．A new kind of product.
C．A way of greenwashing. D．A large issue of a company.
10．What is Bérdat’s attitude towards greenwashing?
A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Unclear.
11．Why did European Union put forward a new law?
A．To enhance the quality of products. B．To raise people’s awareness of going green.
C．To protect customers from greenwashing. D．To encourage carbon-neutral product lines.
Erin Alexander was having a hard day. A waitress working at Starbucks was too. Erin ordered an iced green tea and told the waitress to cheer up. After picking up the order, she noticed a message on the cup: “Erin, your soul is golden.” Erin Alexander recalled the incident, “Of course, I was still really sad, but that little thing made the rest of my day.”
New findings, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in August, prove just how powerful experiences like Erin’s can be. Researchers found that people who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it. And they believe that miscalculation could hold many of us back from doing nice things for others more often.
A recent experiment recruited 84 participants at an ice skating rink in Chicago, where they were given a hot chocolate and asked to keep it or give it to a stranger as an act of kindness. The 75participants who gave away their hot chocolate were asked to predict how the recipient would feel on a scale from 0(very small) to 10(very large), and the recipients were then asked to report their actual feelings on the same scales.
In that experiment, the people doing the kind thing consistently underestimated the appreciation they receive, according to Amit Kumar, a psychology professor at the University of Texas. “People tend to think that what they are giving is kind of little, maybe it’s relatively inconsequential,” Dr. Kumar said. “But recipients are less likely to think along those lines. They consider the gesture to be significantly more meaningful because they are also thinking about the fact that someone did something nice for them.” Dr. Kumar continued, “With an experiment like this, I hope it will inspire more people to actually commit random acts of kindness.”
12．What’s the function of paragraph 1?
A．To present a fact. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To describe a scene. D．To explain an opinion.
13．What can we learn about the experiment?
A．All participants give away their hot chocolate.
B．Recipients received kind gestures from their friends.
C．Recipients showed more appreciation than givers think.
D．Participants reported their feelings on a scale from 0 to 10.
14．What does the underlined word “inconsequential” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Insignificant. B．Substantial.
C．Beneficial. D．Unbelievable.
15．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Power of Small Acts of Kindness. B．The Magic of Receivers’ Appreciation
C．The Importance of Appreciating Kindness. D．The Impact of a Simple Message on a Cup.
二、七选五
Do you like cilantro(香菜)? Cilantro is a common food that people tend to either adore or abuse. ____16____ But the reasons behind what you like and don’t like are not always so straightforward.
____17____ Your sense of smell allows you to distinguish between something like strawberry and cherry. Scientists looked at olfactory (receptors and discovered that individuals with a certain gene. OR6A2, are more sensitive to smelling cilantro. That, in turn, affects how people sense its flavor. ____18____ When you’re open to these foods, you learn to like what you eat. Even people who hate cilantro may be able to learn to at least tolerate it, if not like it.
Culture plays a big role in what you like, too. Food preferences vary across cultures. When it comes down to food preferences in different parts of the world, it has a lot to do with what’s available and considered a food staple (主食).____19____But there will always be exceptions-a Greek person who can’t stand olives or a Dutch person who hates cheese.
While preferences can be formed after a few attempts, negative experiences with foods, especially when you’re young, can have a lasting effect. ____20____ Jasmine Robinson, 29, from Athens, shared her story about olives. When she was young, another child, who wouldn’t let her have a turn on a swing, made fun of her while eating olives from a jar and being mean. She later tried olives as an adult but failed.
A．We like sweet and hate bitter.
B．Love it or hate it is pretty clear.
C．But your biology is not everything.
D．It is related to familiarity and not biology.
E．Your preference can come down to genetics.
F．Associations can make you like or not like something.
G．Just one bad experience can turn you off from something for life.
三、完形填空
Every day, there are 25,000 flights in America. Accidents are so rare that flying is much ____21____ than car travel. But that doesn’t stop many people from feeling ____22____ when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33,000 feet above the ground.
That’s what ____23____ recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline. Floyd Dean-Shannon ____24____ the woman’s distress. As a flight attendant, he has plenty to do during a flight. But he paused and spoke ____25____ to the woman. Floyd calmly explained what the ____26____ was and all the other perfectly routine sounds you hear as a plane flies.
____27____ the woman began to calm down a bit, Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand. He sat with her through the ____28____ flight. When Floyd learned it was another passenger’s birthday, he led the plane in a song to ____29____ — another way of making the woman feel safe by ____30____ her from her fears. He stayed by the woman’s side until it was time to land.
In a world where most focus on what’s happening on a screen, we can ____31____ occasionally and check on those ____32____ us. Like Floyd, we can be ____33____ enough to see to be there. We don’t have to be professional counselors; we just need to be ____34____. Having a friend when you most need it not only gets you through the ____35____ parts in your life — it also gives you the confidence to be a friend to others.
21．A．cheaper B．faster C．safer D．closer
22．A．doubtful B．panicked C．curious D．depressed
23．A．happened B．appealed C．applied D．mattered
24．A．handled B．removed C．noticed D．predicted
25．A．casually B．cautiously C．frankly D．reassuringly
26．A．noise B．equipment C．situation D．call
27．A．Unless B．Because C．Until D．As
28．A．particular B．entire C．final D．usual
29．A．relax B．celebrate C．remember D．learn
30．A．protecting B．discouraging C．saving D．distracting
31．A．look up B．take off C．break in D．stand out
32．A．against B．behind C．around D．like
33．A．brave B．confident C．open D．grateful
34．A．attendants B．neighbors C．passengers D．friends
35．A．unknown B．rough C．special D．busy
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Limiting the screen time of teenagers is not as effective as intended. A report ____36____ (release) Tuesday showed that the “teenager mode” on 20 Chinese major video platforms, including Douyin, Bilibili, and iQiyi, ____37____(lack) relevant content for minors as required, with some showing empty pages with no videos. Instead of adding more educational and knowledge-based videos in the feed, many were filled with food ____38____(recommend).
Introduced in 2019 by China’s top Internet watchdog, a 40-minute daily time use on young users was carried out ____39____ no nighttime browsing was allowed. These features aimed to restrict the screen time of minors, limiting their access ____40____ harmful contents.
With the ____41____ (grow) popularity of short video apps, there have been concerns about the overuse of ____42____ (they) and their impact on young users. A2022 report by the China Internet Network Information Center said that nearly 40% of teenage Internet users encountered “____43____(healthy) and negative information”.
Over the years, academic experts and analysts ____44____ (criticize)video platforms for ignoring the flaws (缺陷) in their operating systems, though industry insiders claim that a shortage of content tailored toward teenage users has posed ____45____ additional challenge. While urging for regulatory efforts, some experts warned that too many restrictions could cause opposite effects.
五、其他应用文
46．下周，你将参与你校与英国友好学校举办的“我最喜爱的艺术家”线上交流活动。请你准备一篇英语发言稿。内容包括：
1.介绍你最喜爱的艺术家及其代表作；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I like staying overnight at my Gramma’s house — that is, until Gramma starts telling me how wonderful my cousin Maya is. Then it’s Maya this and Maya that until I don’t ever want to hear another word about her.
That’s why I wasn’t too excited when Gramma called me on the phone to “come on over and bring your pajamas.” When I got there, it was worse than I’d expected. There, in Grandpa’s big leather rocker, sat Maya, all dressed up and formal-looking and wearing fancy shoes as if she’d just been to a party.
“Surprise, Kristen!” Gramma said. “Your cousin Maya and her parents have traveled in from the East Coast on business. Maya gets to stay with us this afternoon. “Gramma chattered away about how excited she’d been for this surprise get-together, and how cousins ought to get to know each other better.
I hung my baseball cap in the closet and set my backpack by the stairway, all the time smiling and nodding as if I’d been waiting forever for this chance to spend an afternoon with Maya. Grandpa’s chair squawked (咯咯叫) as Maya rocked back and forth. It’s the chair I like best in the house, the one I usually sit in. I sat down on the sofa across from her.
Shortly, Gramma went off to the kitchen to “see about some lunch,” she’d said. That left me stuck in the living room with rocking Maya.
She was still small but taller than I’d remembered her from her last visit four years ago. She was good at small talk, though, and was chatting away about how nice it was to see me again. But I could tell that she didn’t really think so. The last time she was here, we’d had hours of fun together building caves out of Gramma’s sofa pillows.
After that, I’d heard about her only through Gramma’s tales. Maya taking piano lessons. Maya learning math. Maya, Maya, Maya. Now Maya was here, looking great with the latest haircut and a fancy dress.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Glancing down at my jeans and my old sneakers, I wished I hadn’t come.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“How do you know all these things about me?” I asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．B
【导语】本文是应用文。文章讲述了几个寒假可以去旅游的城市目的地：阿根廷的布宜诺斯艾利斯，夏威夷的火奴鲁鲁，澳大利亚的墨尔本和西班牙的特立尼达。
1．细节理解题。根据Melbourne, Australia-Average January high: 79°F部分的“Australia’s second-biggest city has transformed from a military camp of the British Empire into a multicultural 21st-century melting pot.( 澳大利亚第二大城市从大英帝国的军营变成了21世纪多元文化的大熔炉。)”可知，墨尔本最适合寻求文化多样性的游客。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Buenos Aires, Argentina-Average January high:84°F部分“Carnival in Argentina is one of the best times of the year. Tango dancers, soccer players, and folk musicians show off their talents here.( 阿根廷的狂欢节是一年中最好的时光之一。探戈舞者、足球运动员和民间音乐家在这里展示他们的才华。)”和Port of Spain, Trinidad-Average January high:88°F部分“The capital of Trinidad is one of the top spots in the Caribbean to experience a pre-Lent carnival, with musicians and dancers in feathered costumes kicking off the party in the central Queen’s Park Savannah.( 特立尼达的首都是加勒比海地区体验大斋节前狂欢节的最佳地点之一，在萨凡纳女王公园中心，穿着羽毛服装的音乐家和舞者拉开了派对的序幕。)”可知，在这两个地方游客可以欣赏到狂欢节舞蹈。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段的“TWhatever your idea of a winter getaway, here are some urban destinations where you can embrace the season.(无论你对冬季度假的想法是什么，这里有一些城市目的地，你可以拥抱这个季节。)”以及下文的介绍可知，文章讲述了几个寒假可以去旅游的城市目的地，因此推断选择旅游杂志。故选B。
4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部纪录片电影《晚安，机遇号》，它追溯了“机遇号”和“勇气号”这个火星漫游车的旅程，以及从概念到最后一次传输，为它们奉献生命的人们。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“But a storm forming on the horizon changed everything. This storm was different. It rapidly grew in size, encircling the planet and blocking out the sun. The solar-powered rover’s last message to mission control translated to this: “My battery is low and it’s getting dark.”（但地平线上形成的一场风暴改变了一切。这次风暴不一样。它的体积迅速增大，环绕着火星，挡住了太阳。太阳能火星车向任务控制中心发送的最后一条信息是这样的：“我的电池快没电了，天快黑了。”）”可知，巨大的风暴遮住了太阳，让“机遇号”火星漫游车无法获取太阳能，因此结束了生命。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“These two rovers built by NASA engineers in the early 2000s were to search for past evidence of water on Mars.（这两辆探测车是由美国宇航局的工程师在21世纪初建造的，目的是寻找火星上存在水的证据。）”可知，美国宇航局发送这两辆火车漫游车是为了发现火星上曾经存在水的迹象。故选D项。
6．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The film traces the journey of the twin rovers — Opportunity and Spirit — and the people who dedicated their lives to them from concept to that last transmission.（这部电影追溯了“机遇号”和“勇气号”这对孪生漫游车的旅程，以及从概念到最后一次传输，为它们奉献生命的人们。）”和倒数第二段中“The bonds between team members and the rovers quickly deepened, despite the vast distance between Earth and Mars, making it more difficult when Spirit’s journey ended in 2011 and Opportunity fell silent in 2018.（尽管地球和火星之间距离遥远，但团队成员和漫游车之间的联系迅速加深，这使得2011年“勇气号”的旅程结束、2018年“机遇号”的沉寂变得更加困难。）”可知，这部电影围绕“机遇号”和“勇气号”漫游车展开，两个漫游车和团队成员之间建立了深厚的感情联系。由此推知，最后一段中“robotic ambassador”指的就是“机遇号”和“勇气号”火星漫游车。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the opening scenes of the new film Good Night Oppy, the Opportunity rover (漫游车) rolls along through Perseverance Valley on Mars in June 2018.（2018年6月，在新电影《晚安，机遇号》的片头，“机遇号”漫游车在火星上的毅力谷行驶。）”、第三段中“This chapter is just the beginning of the documentary, available to stream on Amazon Prime on November 23, 2022.（这一章只是这部纪录片的开始，将于2022年11月23日在亚马逊Prime上播放。）”和最后一段中“The film shines a light on the hope of space exploration and captures the emotional attachment between humans and the robotic ambassadors that explore on our behalf.（这部电影揭示了太空探索的希望，并捕捉到了人类与代表我们探索的机器人大使之间的情感依恋。）”可知，文章主要围绕纪录片电影《晚安，机遇号》展开，文中穿插了对背景信息的介绍。由此推知，文章的目的是推荐一部纪录片电影。故选A项。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了环保对商业有好处。消费者往往愿意为环保产品支付比市场上其他同类产品更多的钱。但并不是所有的环保主张都是平等的。“洗绿”是一种错误信息，通常用来吸引绿色消费者。介绍了避免成为“洗绿”受害者的方法。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段的““Greenwashing” is a form of misinformation often used to fascinate an aspiring green consumer.( “洗绿”是一种错误的信息，通常用来吸引有抱负的绿色消费者。)”可知，环保洗涤的目的是为了吸引那些环保的顾客。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段的“For example, a large retailer might roll out a new line of products, such as jeans, that uses less water and therefore theoretically has less of an environmental impact than the other clothes the company sells. “You think ‘Oh that sounds great,’” Bédat says. But that same company might ignore water usage in the rest of their products lines, while doing nothing to address the other ways that their production might be harming the environment.（例如，一家大型零售商可能会推出一种新的产品系列，比如牛仔裤，这种产品用水量更少，因此理论上对环境的影响比该公司销售的其他服装要小。Bédat说“你认为‘哦，那听起来很好，’”但是，同一家公司可能会忽视其其他产品线的用水问题，或者不采取任何措施解决其他可能损害环境的产品）并结合首句“Retailers will mislead consumers by distracting them from a company’s larger issues.( 零售商会通过分散消费者对公司更大问题的注意力来误导消费者。)”可知，通过这个例子是为了说明声称可持续发展的企业可能会误导消费者，隐藏更大的问题，因此推断这个事例是为了呈现“洗绿”的一种方式。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When it comes to fashion, Bérdat says to rethink shopping habits. After all, buying a new sweater labeled “carbon neutral” still produces more carbon than wearing a sweater already in your closet. She notes, “The most sustainable thing you can do as a consumer is wear the things you have more.”(谈到时尚，Bérdat 说要重新思考购物习惯。毕竟，买一件标着“碳中性”的新毛衣仍然比穿你衣橱里已有的毛衣产生更多的碳。她指出:“作为消费者，你能做的最可持续的事情就是更多地穿你拥有的东西。”)”可推断，Bérdat对“洗绿”不支持。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“As more companies look to cash in on sustainable marketing, governments are beginning to take more action to protect consumers. …A new law brought forth by members of the European Union would more strictly regulate environmental claims and sustainability labels slapped on products sold in Europe.(随着越来越多的公司希望从可持续营销中获利，政府也开始采取更多行动来保护消费者。……欧盟成员国提出的一项新法律将更严格地规范在欧洲销售的产品上的环保声明和可持续性标签。)”可知，欧盟推出新法律是为了保护消费者不受“洗绿”的危害。故选C。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述研究人员发现，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度，误判可能会阻碍我们中的许多人更频繁地为他人做好事，希望这个结果可以鼓舞人更多地做好事。
12．推理判断题。第一段“Erin Alexander was having a hard day. A waitress working at Starbucks was too. Erin ordered an iced green tea and told the waitress to cheer up. After picking up the order, she noticed a message on the cup: “Erin, your soul is golden.” Erin Alexander recalled the incident, “Of course, I was still really sad, but that little thing made the rest of my day.”(艾琳·亚历山大今天过得很辛苦。在星巴克工作的一个女服务员也是。艾琳点了一杯冰绿茶，让服务员振作起来。拿起订单后，她注意到杯子上的一句话:“艾琳，你的灵魂是金色的。”艾琳·亚历山大回忆起这件事:“当然，我还是很难过，但那件小事让我一整天都很开心。”)”讲述了一个小的善意让双方都感到快乐的小故事，结合第二段的“New findings, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in August, prove just how powerful experiences like Erin’s can be. Researchers found that people who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it.( 8月份发表在《实验心理学杂志》(Journal of Experimental Psychology)上的新发现证明了像艾琳这样的经历有多么强大。研究人员发现，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度。)”讲述了文章的主题可推断，第一段的功能是引出话题。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段的““People tend to think that what they are giving is kind of little, maybe it’s relatively inconsequential,” Dr. Kumar said. “But recipients are less likely to think along those lines. They consider the gesture to be significantly more meaningful because they are also thinking about the fact that someone did something nice for them.”(“人们倾向于认为，他们所付出的是微不足道的，或许是相对无关紧要的，”库马尔说。但接受人不太可能这么想。他们认为这一举动更有意义，因为他们也会想到有人为他们做了好事。”)”可知，接受人比给予者所想到的表现出更多地感激。故选C。
14．词句猜测题。根据前文“People tend to think that what they are giving is kind of little(人们倾向于认为他们所给予的很少)”和后文“But recipients are less likely to think along those lines. They consider the gesture to be significantly more meaningful because they are also thinking about the fact that someone did something nice for them.(但接受人不太可能这么想。他们认为这一举动更有意义，因为他们也会想到有人为他们做了好事。)”以及But表示转折关系可知，人们的倾向于认为自己做的很少，微不足道，划线词与A项“不重要的”意思相近。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“New findings, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in August, prove just how powerful experiences like Erin’s can be. Researchers found that people who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it. And they believe that miscalculation could hold many of us back from doing nice things for others more often.( 8月份发表在《实验心理学杂志》(Journal of Experimental Psychology)上的新发现证明了像艾琳这样的经历有多么强大。研究人员发现，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度。他们认为，误判可能会阻碍我们中的许多人更频繁地为他人做好事。)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了一个实验结果，随意做善事的人往往会低估接受者的感激程度。研究者希望通过这个结果能鼓舞更多地人做好事，因此推断A项“小善意的力量”为最佳标题。故选A。
16．B 17．E 18．C 19．D 20．G
【导语】本文是说明文。文章分析讲述了人们对食物有所偏好的原因。
16．前文“Cilantro is a common food that people tend to either adore or abuse.( 香菜是一种常见的食物，人们要么喜欢它，要么讨厌它。)”提到人们对香菜的喜好，下文“But the reasons behind what you like and don’t like are not always so straightforward.(但你喜欢什么和不喜欢什么背后的原因并不总是那么直截了当。)”提到了喜好的原因并不那么简单，因此推断空处需承上启下，B项“爱它或恨它是很清楚的。”符合语境，承接上文说明对食物的喜好简单明了，因此下文对偏好背后原因的探索。故选B。
17．根据下文“Scientists looked at olfactory (receptors and discovered that individuals with a certain gene. OR6A2, are more sensitive to smelling cilantro. That, in turn, affects how people sense its flavor.( 科学家们观察了嗅觉受体，发现具有某种基因的个体。OR6A2对香菜的气味更敏感。这反过来又影响了人们对其味道的感知。)”可知，此处讲述了基因对食物偏爱的影响，因此推断E项“你的偏好可以归结为基因”符合语境。故选E。
18．根据前文“cientists looked at olfactory (receptors and discovered that individuals with a certain gene. OR6A2, are more sensitive to smelling cilantro. That, in turn, affects how people sense its flavor.( 科学家们观察了嗅觉受体，发现具有某种基因的个体。OR6A2对香菜的气味更敏感。这反过来又影响了人们对其味道的感知。)”可知，基因造成了对食物的偏好，下文“When you’re open to these foods, you learn to like what you eat. Even people who hate cilantro may be able to learn to at least tolerate it, if not like it.( 当你对这些食物敞开心扉时，你就会学会喜欢你吃的东西。即使是讨厌香菜的人，即使不喜欢它，至少也能学会忍受它。)”讲述如果学会接受，对食物偏好也会改变，与上文是转折关系，因此推断C项“但生理并不是一切。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
19．前文“Culture plays a big role in what you like, too. Food preferences vary across cultures. When it comes down to food preferences in different parts of the world, it has a lot to do with what’s available and considered a food staple (主食).( 文化对你的喜好也起着很大的作用。不同文化对食物的偏好各不相同。当谈到世界不同地区的食物偏好时，它与什么是可用的和被认为是主食有很大关系。)”讲述对食物的喜好与文化有关，D项“这与熟悉程度有关，与生物学无关。”符合语境，说明对食物的熟悉程度决定着喜好，it指代上文提到的文化对喜好的影响。故选D。
20．前文“While preferences can be formed after a few attempts, negative experiences with foods, especially when you’re young, can have a lasting effect.(虽然偏好可以在几次尝试后形成，但对食物的负面体验，尤其是在你年轻的时候，可能会产生持久的影响。)”讲述对食物的体验对偏好的影响，G项中的“bad experience”呼应前文的experiences，因此推断G项“一次糟糕的经历就能让你对某件事失去兴趣。”符合语境。故选G。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在一架飞机上，乘务员弗洛伊德·迪安·香农注意到了一位女士对飞机产生恐惧，给予了解释安慰并全程陪伴。在生活中，我们也要成为别人的朋友，注意到别人所发生的事，而不是只关注屏幕。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事故是如此罕见，乘飞机比开车安全得多。A. cheaper便宜的；B. faster快的；C. safer安全的；D. closer近的。根据本句“Accidents are so rare”可知，事故稀少，应是安全的。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这并不能阻止许多人在以每小时500英里、距离地面33000英尺的速度飞行时感到恐慌。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. panicked恐慌的；C. curious好奇的；D. depressed沮丧的。本句前文“Accidents are so rare that flying is much 1 than car travel.”以及本句的“But”可知，前后转折含义，虽然安全，但是仍会感到恐慌。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是最近发生在一名乘坐商业航空公司航班的女性身上的事情。A. happened发生；B. appealed呼吁；C. applied申请；D. mattered重要；根据前文“But that doesn’t stop many people from feeling 2 when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33,000 feet above the ground.”可知，这种情况发生在一位女士身上。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗洛伊德·迪安·香农注意到了这个女人的痛苦。A. handled处理；B. removed移除；C. noticed注意到；D. predicted预测。根据下文“But he paused and spoke 5 to the woman.”可知，注意到了，所以才会停下来安慰。故选C。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但他停了一下，安慰那个女人。A. casually随意地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. frankly坦白地；D. reassuringly安慰地。根据前文“Floyd Dean-Shannon 4 the woman’s distress.”可知，女士感到痛苦，他安慰她。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：弗洛伊德平静地解释了噪音是什么，以及你在飞机飞行时听到的所有其他完美的常规声音。A. noise噪音；B. equipment设备；C. situation情况；D. call电话。根据本句“all the other perfectly routine sounds you hear as a plane flies.”可知，他在向女士解释噪音以及其他声音都是什么。故选A。
27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当那个女人开始平静下来时，弗洛伊德在她旁边的过道上坐下，握着她的手。A. Unless除非；B. Because因为；C. Until直到；D. As当……时。根据本句“Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand”可知，应是时间状语从句。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他全程陪伴着她。A. particular尤其的；B. entire整个的；C. final最终的；D. usual通常的。根据本句“through”可知，全程陪伴。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当弗洛伊德得知这是另一位乘客的生日时，他带领飞机唱了一首歌来庆祝——这是另一种让这位女士从恐惧中转移注意力、让她感到安全的方式。A. relax放松；B. celebrate庆祝；C. remember记住；D. learn学习。根据本句“another passenger’s birthday”可知，应是庆祝生日。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当弗洛伊德得知这是另一位乘客的生日时，他带领飞机唱了一首歌来庆祝——这是另一种让这位女士从恐惧中转移注意力、让她感到安全的方式。A. protecting保护；B. discouraging使……沮丧；C. saving拯救；D. distracting使转移注意力。根据本句“another passenger’s birthday”以及空后“from her fears”可知，庆祝生日的行为可以转移她的恐惧。故选D。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个大多数人都把注意力集中在屏幕上的世界里，我们可以偶尔抬头看看周围的人。A. look up抬头看；B. take off起飞；C. break in打断；D. stand out杰出。根据本句“most focus on what’s happening on a screen”可知，应是从屏幕上抬起头。故选A。
32．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在一个大多数人都把注意力集中在屏幕上的世界里，我们可以偶尔抬头看看周围的人。A. against反对；B. behind后面；C. around周围；D. like像。根据本句“most focus on what’s happening on a screen”以及空后的宾语“us”可知 ，应是把注意力从屏幕上转移到我们周围的人。故选C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像弗洛伊德一样，我们可以足够开放，看到那里。A. brave勇敢的；B. confident自信的；C. open打开的；D. grateful感激的。根据本句“to see to be there”可知，看到事情的发生，前提是足够开放，愿意去关注。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不需要成为专业的咨询师；我们只需要成为朋友。A. attendants学生；B. neighbors邻居；C. passengers乘客；D. friends朋友。根据下文“Having a friend when you most need it not only gets you through the 15 parts in your life-it also gives you the confidence to be a friend to others.”可知，不需要成为专业的咨询师，只需要成为朋友。故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在你最需要的时候拥有一个朋友，它不仅能帮你度过生活中的艰难时刻，还能让你有信心成为别人的朋友。A. unknown未知的；B. rough艰难的；C. special特别的；D. busy忙的。根据本句主语“Having a friend”可知，朋友帮你度过生活中的艰难时刻。故选B。
36．released 37．lacked 38．recommendations 39．and 40．to 41．growing 42．them 43．unhealthy 44．have criticized 45．an
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍一份报告显示中国主要视频平台的“青少年模式”缺乏针对未成年人的相关内容。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：周二发布的一份报告显示，抖音、哔哩哔哩和爱奇艺等20个中国主要视频平台的“青少年模式”缺乏针对未成年人的相关内容，一些平台显示的是没有视频的空页面。主句已有谓语动词showed，故空处填非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语report和release之间是被动关系，且该动作已经完成，故用过去分词表被动和完成。故填released。
37．考查时态。句意同上。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，从句陈述事实，结合主句为一般过去时可知，从句也用一般过去时，故填lacked。
38．考查名词。句意：许多视频中没有添加更多的教育性和知识性视频，而是充满了食物推荐。空处应填名词作宾语，recommendation“推荐”是可数名词，此处指很多视频中的推荐，故应用复数形式。故填recommendations。
39．考查并列连词。句意：中国最高互联网监管机构于2019年推出，对年轻用户实行每天40分钟的时间使用，不允许夜间浏览。“a 40-minute daily time use on young users was carried out”和“no nighttime browsing was allowed”是两项规定，它们是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
40．考查介词。句意：这些功能旨在限制未成年人的屏幕时间，限制他们访问有害内容。结合句意表达“接触，访问”用access to。故填to。
41．考查形容词。句意：随着短视频应用程序的日益流行，人们担心它们的过度使用及其对年轻用户的影响。修饰名词词组“popularity of short video apps”表示“增长的”，应用形容词growing，作定语。故填growing。
42．考查代词。句意同上。作宾语，指代上文提到的“short video apps”应用宾格代词them。故填them。
43．考查形容词。句意：中国互联网络信息中心的A2022报告称，近40%的青少年网民遇到了“不健康和负面信息”。和下文negative并列作定语，表示“不健康的”，应用形容词unhealthy。故填unhealthy。
44．考查时态。句意：多年来，学术专家和分析人士一直批评视频平台忽视了其操作系统的缺陷，尽管业内人士声称，针对青少年用户的内容短缺带来了额外的挑战。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语Over the years可知，句子用现在完成时，主语academic experts and analysts是复数，助动词用have。故填have criticized。
45．考查冠词。句意同上。challenge“挑战”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，应添加不定冠词，且additional的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
46．Dear all,
It is my pleasure to share with you today about my favorite artist, Vincent van Gogh. Van Gogh was a Dutch post-impressionist painter, best known for his vivid and expressive use of color. One of his most famous works is “Starry Night”, which depicts the night sky over a village in France. The swirling stars and bold brushstrokes make the painting come to life, conveying a sense of movement and emotion.
I admire van Gogh because of his ability to convey intense emotions through his art. He had a difficult life, struggling with mental illness and poverty, but he found comfort and meaning in his painting. His dedication and passion for art are truly inspiring to me.
Thank you for listening.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将与英国友好学校举办的“我最喜爱的艺术家”线上交流活动，要求考生准备一篇英语发言稿，介绍自己最喜爱的艺术家及其代表作，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
乐事：pleasure → enjoyment/delight
知名的：known → renowned/famous
描绘：depict → portray
因为：because of → due to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Van Gogh was a Dutch post-impressionist painter, best known for his vivid and expressive use of color.
拓展句：Van Gogh, who is best known for his vivid and expressive use of color, was a Dutch post-impressionist painter.
【点睛】[高分句型1] One of his most famous works is “Starry Night”, which depicts the night sky over a village in France. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The swirling stars and bold brushstrokes make the painting come to life, conveying a sense of movement and emotion. (运用了现在分词作伴随状语)
47．One possible version:
Glancing down at my jeans and my old sneakers, I wished I hadn’t come. A rush of shame flooded over me as I compared myself to Maya-Gramma’s favorite. She was smarter, prettier, and more talented than I could ever hope to be. The thought of being loved less by Gramma because of Maya was unbearable. “I hear you like to skate,” Maya’s words crashed through my thoughts. What she announced was totally beyond my expectation. Astonished and speechless, I wondered how she knew about my skating. “I hear you are the captain of your basketball team. Even better, you are always competitive and aggressive in any sports activities,” she exclaimed, her eyes full of envy and admiration.
“How do you know all these things about me?” I asked Shrugging and looking down, Maya told me that my Gramma wrote about me in her letters and that I was her favorite person to write about. Numb with shock, I stared at Maya’s face, and the only thing that came to my mind was, “You won the first prize in the math competition, didn’t you?” Maya looked up, confused. I explained that my Gramma talked about her all the time. We laughed, chatted about everything, and had fun building caves out of Gramma’s sofa pillows. Time flew by, and as Maya and her parents drove off, Gramma and I waved goodbye until they were out of sight. “Isn’t Maya a lovely child!” Gramma grinned. “She’s really nice,” I agreed, now understanding that Gramma had two favorites.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者喜欢奶奶家过夜，但奶奶老是谈论表妹玛雅，这让作者感到不高兴。一天，玛雅和她的父母到访，她一直玩作者最喜欢的爷爷的椅子，她还剪了最新的发型，穿了一件漂亮的衣服。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我低头看了看自己的牛仔裤和旧运动鞋，真希望自己没来。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到自己与玛雅的差距，想到奶奶对玛雅的爱，心理不是滋味。但玛雅的话让作者大吃一惊。
②由第二段首句内容“‘你是怎么知道我的这些事的?’我问。”可知，第二段可描写作者从玛雅口中得知，奶奶也一直在夸奖自已，最终明白了自己也奶奶的最爱。
2.续写线索：发现差距感到羞耻——玛雅的话让人吃惊——得知奶奶夸奖自已的真相——理解奶奶的爱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：wish/hope
②预期：expectation/anticipation
③大声说：exclaim/speak out
情绪类
①非常惊讶的：astonished/surprised
②困惑的：confused/puzzled
【点睛】[高分句型1] A rush of shame flooded over me as I compared myself to Maya-Gramma’s favorite.(运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]What she announced was totally beyond my expectation.(运用了连词what引导主语从句)
[高分句型3] I explained that my Gramma talked about her all the time.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句)
相关试卷
浙江省义乌市2023届高三英语下学期5月适应性考试试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份浙江省义乌市2023届高三英语下学期5月适应性考试试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析： 这是一份2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题 PDF版（含听力）： 这是一份2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题 PDF版（含听力），文件包含2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试英语试题PDF版+听力pdf、英语答案pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共11页， 欢迎下载使用。
