真题重组卷03——2023年高考英语真题汇编重组卷（北京卷）

绝密★启用前

冲刺2023年高考英语真题重组卷03

北京地区专用（解析版）

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分  知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（2022·北京·人大附中模拟题）I was the fool at school, regarded as a special needs student. I was termed as such.

Over time, I started to believe in my stupidity. I accepted the fact that I was in special needs classes and poured it out as anger and depression. But one activity ____1____ this view of myself: chess.

I started to play chess with my father after school simply because I wanted to ____2____ him at something. My father was a smart man. So, winning in chess against my father would be a ____3____ that I had intellectual power. On the small chessboard, I had a chance to overcome my so-called inability. Game after game, one weekend, I finally checkmated my father on a ferry ride, which made me feel ____4____.

Two years later, I joined my school chess team. There came a chance to play against the best players in other states.

My most____5____ game came in the final round. It was actually a match between a special needs student and a smart soul. My opponent was playing well and kept ____6____ while I kept defending to keep my king safe. With little ____7____ left, he started to make rapid moves. ____8____ he could make the final decision, he ran out of time. Honestly, as his clock flag fell, I jumped up out of my seat and kissed the floor out of excitement. Of course it was not the most sportsmen-like ____9____, but I could not control my emotions.

While holding my winner’s cup, I knew I was not ____10____. The inferiority complex had melted away, and I realized that underneath our thoughts, each person is a genius.

1．A．changed B．supported C．questioned D．showed

2．A．please B．comfort C．beat D．disturb

3．A．dream B．lesson C．theory D．sign

4．A．overjoyed B．disappointed C．puzzled D．interested

5．A．terrible B．memorable C．dangerous D．popular

6．A．attacking B．smiling C．pausing D．escaping

7．A．patience B．time C．energy D．wisdom

8．A．Once B．Until C．Before D．Unless

9．A．spirit B．thought C．comment D．behavior

10．A．proud B．stupid C．bright D．lazy

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

（2020·北京·高考真题）A piece of stone___11___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals___12___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were____13____（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

（2019·北京·高考真题）Earth Day, ___14___(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___15___ 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various ___16___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless.

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

（2022·北京·高考真题）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____17____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____20____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

（2021·北京·高考真题）If you are planning to start a career in the field of education，science，or culture，then an internship（实习） at UNESCO will be ideal for you．

Who can apply？

    You have completed your full-time university studies；or．

    You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree．

    Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution．

What are the requirements？

    You must be at least 20 years old．

    You should have a good command （掌握） of either English or French．

    You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software．

    You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment．

    You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills．

What do you need to prepare？

    Visa：You should obtain the necessary visas．

    Travel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship．

    Medical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target country for the entire period of the internship．UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship period．

    Medical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work．

    Motivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form．

Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months．We do not respond to every candidate．If selected，you will be contacted by a manager．If you do not receive any update within six months，it means that your application has not been successful．

21．According to this passage，applicants are required to________．

A．hold a master's degree in science

B．have international work experience

C．be fluent in either English or French

D．present a letter from a technical institution

22．What will UNESCO provide for the internship period？

A．Limited medical insurance coverage．

B．Training in communication skills．

C．A medical certificate for work．

D．Financial support for travel．

23．What should applicants do before filling out the application form？

A．Contact UNESCO managers． B．Get access to the database．

C．Keep a motivation letter at hand． D．Work in a team for six months．

B

（2020·北京·高考真题）For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.

The author's intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.

Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus.

The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.

Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.

Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.

If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.

24．How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?

A．Confused about the technical terms.

B．Impressed with its detailed instructions.

C．Discouraged by its complex structure.

D．Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.

25．According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _____________.

A．restore old workshops B．understand the craftsmen

C．improve visual effects D．inspire the philosophers

26．Why does the author mention museums?

A．To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.

B．To present the findings of old science.

C．To highlight the importance of antiques.

D．To emphasise the values of hand skills.

27．Which would be the best title for this passage?

A．Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists

B．Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories

C．Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists

D．Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science

C

（2022·北京·北师大实验中学模拟题）A group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder, red eyes looking around. They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps they’re not so different.

A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies. In the past, scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower. But the pea-brained guineafowl are revealing the faults in that assumption.

These large birds wander across the landscape in packs, often walking so closely that their bodies touch. They may fight each other to maintain their strict hierarchies (等级制度), but at other times they engage in friendly behaviours like sharing food.

Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society. For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day.

The findings of the research suggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. There are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be groups of friends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird.

And Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular bird’s tiny brain size: “ They don’t only have small brains relative to mammals (哺乳动物), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds, ” he said.

According to him, living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order. For example, if groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows which group it’s looking at — no need for a brain that can recognize every single animal. Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges they’re facing. Depending on what enemies or resources are around, it might make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one.

“ Having a multilevel structure may not require having a large brain, ” Dr. Farine said. There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own.

28．According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study?

A．The guineafowl’s social behaviour. B．Previous assumptions about birds.

C．His interest in animal brainpower. D．The faults in earlier research.

29．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The research subjects. B．The research methods.

C．The research findings. D．The research equipment.

30．What can be learned from the passage?

A．Complex social systems can be a disadvantage to the guineafowl.

B．The guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group.

C．Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups.

D．Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies.

D

（2022·北京·高考真题）Quantum ( 量子 ) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.

For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is the sort of hype ( 炒作 ) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep. “What’s new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers.”

As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential. If researchers can’t keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn’t be able to understand.” And that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.

After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about PyQuantum, the firm he co-founded in 2016. Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.

The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” to building a “useful” quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.” He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others.”

Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I don’t know. I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Johnson.

31．Regarding Johnson’s concerns, the author feels ________.

A．sympathetic B．unconcerned C．doubtful D．excited

32．What leads to Taylor’s optimism about quantum computing?

A．His dominance in physics. B．The competition in the field.

C．His confidence in PyQuantum. D．The investment of tech companies.

33．What does the underlined word “prone” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?

A．Open. B．Cool. C．Useful. D．Resistant.

34．Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor?

B．Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology?

C．Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being?

D．Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype?

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2020·北京·高考真题）Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____35____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do.

____36____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____37____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____38____

In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____39____

Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health.

A．It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.

B．Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.

C．It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.

D．Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.

E．As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.

F．They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.

G．They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.

第三部分  书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

（2021·北京·北师大实验中学模拟题）Until quarantine (隔离期) ends, we are left picturing what physical effort we might make: working out at the gym, playing on a competitive sports team, swimming, biking, or rock climbing. However, we don’t often think of martial arts as a possible activity; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. Martial arts isn’t considered a sport, right?

Well, here’s some good news: you're wrong! Martial arts is much more common than people think, and you can start learning at any age. Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape (both physically and mentally). And it’s much less scary and much less difficult than it’s usually portrayed as in movies, so worry not, you don’t need to be the karate kid to have a blast! Let’s look at what you can usually expect from martial arts of any style.

Good martial arts generally requires you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes even your breathing too. Think about it: when you leave the gym, your mental state has improved and you are much calmer. This is because you’ve only paid attention to one activity. It is a great way to clear your head, and practice can help you learn to stay more focused in general (say, when you start your schoolwork afterwards).

Long series of choreographed (编排好的) moves (including when to breath in and out) called forms are often described as “moving meditation (冥想)” ; they’re meditative in the same way doing repeated moves is, but much more so. Martial arts practice can be as slow or as intense as you want, but it’s always extremely engaging.

Martial arts also improves your coordination, and greatly improves your posture. I have personally seen students go from slouching and knocking things over to walking tall with their shoulders back in just a couple of months.

There are many styles and countless subtypes and mix-ups of martial arts. Whichever one appeals to you, know that all of them are good choices, competitive or not.

40．Why isn’t martial arts considered a sport by some people?

41．What should people focus their attention on when doing martial arts?

42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

Martial arts practice is beneficial because it can not only make us more facially attractive but also help improve our mental state.

43．a) Which type of sport do you prefer, slow sports like yoga, or competitive sports like basketball? Explain why. (about 40 words)

b)Give an example of another Chinese traditional sport and introduce its advantages. (about 40 words)

第二节（20分）

44．（2022·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你打算邀请英国好友Jim为你们班做一次关于英语写作的线上经验交流。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1．建议交流的具体内容及其原因；

2．交流时间和其他相关事项。

注意：1．词数100左右；

2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua