2023届湖南省娄底市高考仿真模拟考试高三（四模）英语试题（含答案）

这是一份2023届湖南省娄底市高考仿真模拟考试高三（四模）英语试题（含答案），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，邀请信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届湖南省娄底市高考仿真模拟考试高三（四模）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Artwork Contest-Create a Character!
Are you an artist? Do you love testing your creative abilities? This may be the perfect contest for you! For this contest,we want you to create your own character. You must create a backstory for the character and give it a name make sure to leave these in the author’s notes section of your submission!
Your character must be completely original. Any character that is not created from your own idea and work will not be considered for the contest.
Rules:
·You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
·No inappropriate content.
·Submissions must relate to the topic (Create a Character).
Guidelines and Details:
·All art mediums are accepted.
·There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit.
·Give your character a name and backstory. Leave these in the “Author’s Comments”section of your submission.
How to Submit:
·Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. ·Include the words“Character Contest“ in your submission’s title.
·Submit your reviews to the “Artwork” category on our site. Select the art type that is relevant to what you are submitting.
Prizes:
·Honorable mentions will have their characters published in our magazine.
·The overall winner will receive a $ 200 Amazon gift card.
1．What is the requirement for your submission?
A．It must be original work. B．It must be about your own life.
C．It must include a story of yourself. D．It must include several characters.
2．Which of the following is there a limit to for your submission?
A．The form of art. B．The age of a participant.
C．The number of pieces submitted. D．The name given to your character.
3．What do we know about Teen Ink?
A．It’s a magazine. B．It’s an art club.
C．It’s an art school. D．It’s a student organization.

Michael Laffoon has a vivid memory of the day he decided to piece his life back together. “I literally woke up in my van(小货车)and I thought . I can’t do this anymore because I’m going to die,’” he says. “It was just a strong feeling that I had come to the end of a chapter. ”
For eight years, the Santa Cruz, California resident drifted in and out of homelessness because of a serious drug addiction. It was a frustrating, impossible lifestyle. In 2009, Laffoon learned about Homeless Garden Project at a kitchen where he was volunteering. The not-for-profit aims to lift people living on the streets of Santa Cruz out of homelessness through farming. The end goal is that they will leave the farm with stable housing and a full-time job.
After a year and a half of being in the program, Laffoon was able to secure employment and stable housing. He later obtained a degree in horticulture(园艺学). “It was the first step back into normal society-the first open door,” he says.
Trainees are employed to grow fruit, vegetables, flowers and herbs on the farm. They get paid a wage, are given basic job skills training and are matched with a social worker to work through specific goals. The project has helped close to 1,000 people. Over the past five years, 96 percent of graduates have obtained jobs or stable income and 86 percent have found housing.
The project’s staffers say that the project has always had a strong element of community, which is central to the healing process of its trainees, as they often feel like they’ve lost their sense of belonging. Laffoon says that while he was homeless, he spent a lot of his time “trying to be invisible” and felt secluded from the rest of society. The project gave him meaningful work and a sense of belonging, which helped him get back on his feet.
Ella Fleming, the project’s farm manager, has seen how growing food can have a life-changing and inspirational impact on trainees. “We provide a place where it’s safe, it’s nurturing, it’s healthy and there’s an exchange that happens,” she says. “When you’re caring for a plant to try to get it to grow, you’re also giving yourself some self-care to know that you can grow,”she says.
4．What kind of person is Laffoon described as in the text?
A．A person who fights his drug addiction.
B．A person who has experienced homelessness.
C．A person who gets stable housing and a full-time job.
D．A person who benefits from Homeless Garden Project.
5．What is the purpose of Homeless Garden Project for homeless people?
A．To employ them to work on the farm.
B．To provide them with housing and work.
C．To enable them to make a living in society.
D．To give them opportunities for volunteering.
6．What does the underlined word “secluded” in paragraph 5 indicate?
A．Laffoon felt alone in the world. B．Laffoon felt sorry for himself.
C．Laffoon felt different from others. D．Laffoon felt unsatisfied with society.
7．Which of the following can best describe Homeless Garden Project?
A．It’s flexible. B．It’s enjoyable.
C．It’s inspiring. D．It’s comforting.

We grow up going to school and learning about “common core” subjects, along with others. We are also given information about things from the media, governments, and the Internet. We are conditioned by all of this information to see reality. But all that learning is not as important as it’s made out to be. In fact, it can be limiting you to a life of mediocrity (平庸).
The more you learn about things, whether they are true or not, the more rigid your reality becomes. The less possible certain things seem to be limiting your ability to imagine possibilities as a child does. This goes for information as well as applied activities.
This is not to say that you should not learn anything. The key is, you should be able to learn, unlearn, and relearn. You should be able to get rid of information that becomes contradicted by something with more evidence supporting it, and reprogram over things which no longer serve your continued evolution.
The sooner you allow yourself to go through the process of unlearning, the easier it will be to unlearn things which are limiting your ability to see things as the limitless possibilities they are. As Seneca once said,“The mind is slow to unlearn what it learned early. ” This is why you see old people become set in their ways,being imprisoned by the same beliefs they had in their youth. Once those beliefs are formed in the brain, it will take something extraordinary to reprogram over them.
You can go about unlearning by making a list of a few beliefs you have about things which you feel may be holding you back from evolving. Then explore what else is possible in regards to those areas and take action. When you come across information and receive greater understanding on something, make it a part of your reality and belief system.
Remind yourself that even though some new information has replaced what you believed was true and worth continuing to support, it may one day also be replaced by something even more consistent with truth and more helpful with your evolution.
Learning to unlearn is the highest form of learning. You will begin to notice you are growing once again.
8．When should you unlearn things?
A．When they become boring. B．When they are no longer helpful.
C．When they are against your beliefs. D．When they are difficult to learn.
9．What is the purpose of mentioning old people in paragraph 4?
A．To prove that the mind is slow to unlearn.
B．To prove that unlearning should be done early.
C．To show that it is hard for young people to unlearn.
D．To show that it’s unnecessary for old people to unlearn.
10．What message does the author intend to get to us in paragraph 6?
A．Unlearning never ends. B．Unlearning requires patience.
C．Unlearning is a slow process. D．Unlearning may be unsuccessful.
11．What advice can be given according to the concept of unlearning?
A．Never learn useless things. B．Always believe in yourself.
C．Always seek something better. D．Never try to get too much.

Not only do we humans enjoy talking-and talking a lot-we also do so in very different ways: about 6,000 languages are spoken today worldwide. How this wealth of expression developed, however, largely remains unknown. A group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics have now found that word-orders in languages from different language families develop differently.
This contradicts the common understanding that word-order develops in accordance with a set of universal rules, applicable to all languages. The researchers have concluded that languages do not primarily follow innate(固有的) rules of language processing in the brain. Rather, sentence structure is determined by the historical context in which a language develops.
The researchers analysed 301 languages from four major language families: Austronesian, Indo-European, Bantu and Uto-Aztecan. They focused on the order of the different sentence parts, such as “verb-object”, “preposition-noun”, or “relative clause-noun”, and whether their position in the sentence influenced the other parts of the sentence. In this way, the researchers wanted to find out whether the position of the verb has other syntactic(句法的) consequences: if the verb is placed before the object, for example, “The player kicks the ball”, is the preposition also placed before the noun (“into the goal”)? Such a pattern is observed in many languages, but is it a common feature of how languages develop?
“Our study shows that different processes occur in different language families,” says Michael Dunn,the lead researcher. “The evolution of language does not follow one universal set of rules.” For example, the “verb-object” pattern influences the “preposition-noun” pattern in the Austronesian and Indo-European languages, but not in the same way, and not in the other two language families.
“Cultural evolution has much more influence on language development than universal factors. Language structure is apparently not so much biologically determined as it is shaped by its ancestry,” says Michael Dunn.
12．What does the underlined “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．People enjoy talking a lot in different ways.
B．About 6,000 languages are spoken today worldwide.
C．The group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute.
D．Word-orders in different languages develop differently.
13．Why did the researchers analyse the 301 languages?
A．To find out which language family they belonged to.
B．To find out whether they had an influence on sports.
C．To find out how sentences in them were formed.
D．To find out whether they developed the same way or not.
14．What can be known from the study about the language development?
A．It’s a natural process. B．It’s a cultural process.
C．It’s a universal process. D．It’s a biological process.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How Languages Changed in History
B．What Rules Language Development Obeys
C．Historical Context Guides Language Development
D．Sentence Structure Determines Language Development


二、七选五
Communicating with Nature
The natural world is amazing. In fact, it is one that you can have a “conversation” with. ____16____Apart from the obvious-that it’s an enjoyable, uplifting thing to do-you may seek to communicate with nature to benefit your mental health, for example.
When you arrive at your chosen spot, sit quietly for a few moments. ____17____Just talk in your head as you would to someone you’re opening a conversation with. “Hey, I’m Nikki. How are you doing today? Do you have time for a chat?” It doesn’t matter what you say, so long as you say it with an open heart, and you make it clear that you’re inviting communication.
____18____A million ways. You may notice a particular animal or insect coming closer to you and communicating energetically. You may notice a rhythm (韵律) or a pattern in the sound of the water or of the wind. Be mindful of what’s going on around you, be part of the natural world——you’ll soon notice so many ways in which your answers may come.
The first few times you attempt this exercise, you probably won’t see, hear or notice anything you choose to interpret as communication. ____19____If you practice this on a regular basis, however, you will start to pick things up. As you become more and more familiar with the oneness of yourself and the world around you, you will sense and understand more about what will occur during your “conversations”.
____20____There should be some benefit to nature, just as there is a benefit to you. When your time is over and you’re ready to leave, say thank you energetically and in your mind, but also say thank you in a practical way. Leave the area in a better state than you found it, for example, by picking up rubbish on your way out.
A．That’s OK. It doesn’t happen overnight.
B．How will you know if nature responds to you?
C．Communication with nature should be a two-way street.
D．And then ask to communicate with the nature around you.
E．How can you start communicating with the natural world?
F．It just depends on what you choose for your “conversation”.
G．You may be wondering why you might want to communicate with nature.


三、完形填空
I’m a bird lover. I’ve____21____a lot of photographs of birds, among which is a photograph of a hawk (鹰) that I really like. I know when you look at a photograph of a hawk your first thoughts are not of____22____. But without it, this photograph would not____23____
Early one morning, I drove to Dacula to____24____the birds at Little Mulberry Park. I arrived well before sunrise, so I waited in my car until finally it started to get____25____. I got out of my car and immediately heard the geese making all kinds of noise from the lake.
As I____26____around a bend, I stopped in____27____. There before me was a beautiful red-shouldered hawk sitting on a post. I started photographing him, and then heard the footsteps of joggers behind me. I turned and asked if they would____28____waiting or walking on the other side of the road so they would not____29____the hawk off. I was deeply_____30_____when they said they could go in the other direction. The road is 2. 2 miles around the lake, and they_____31_____and continued their running.
Because the joggers were kind enough to_____32_____that for me, I was able to photograph the hawk for 20 minutes. The first two joggers had actually jogged the whole road and were _____33_____ to where I first met them. I thanked them again.
I am thankful that the joggers showed kindness to me. It was something so _____34_____, but it meant getting my shot. They were willing to put me before_____35_____.
21．A．bought B．found C．taken D．checked
22．A．kindness B．weakness C．confidence D．wisdom
23．A．develop B．exist C．help D．continue
24．A．compare B．train C．protect D．photograph
25．A．warmer B．colder C．lighter D．darker
26．A．walked B．drove C．stood D．rode
27．A．amazement B．puzzlement C．trouble D．peace
28．A．avoid B．delay C．enjoy D．mind
29．A．see B．keep C．scare D．push
30．A．inspired B．touched C．embarrassed D．astonished
31．A．stepped forward B．turned-left C．stepped-out D．turned around
32．A．say B．do C．leave D．hold
33．A．up B．inside C．away D．back
34．A．small B．unique C．brilliant D．practical
35．A．others B．everything C．themselves D．everybody


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hua’er, which literally means flower in Chinese, is known as a type of “mountain songs” and has been wildly popular in ____36____(China) Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang for hundreds of years.
Growing up listening to Hua’er, Sa Lina, 36, has been engaged in this ____37____(tradition) art for almost 20 years. After graduating from a secondary school in 2005, Sa returned to her home county of Haiyuan in Ningxia and became a member of a local art group. Soon she was given a chance ____38____(sing) with Ma Handong, a famous singer of Hua’er.
“I had never sung Hua’er before, so I listened and sang along with the tapes, and ____39____ my surprise, I soon fell in love with it,” she said.
Since then, Sa has devoted ____40____(she) to mastering the folk art from learning from Ma the techniques and skills used in performances, attending performances given by other well-known singers, practicing singing Hua’er whenever possible, to ____41____(study) its origin and history.
“Maybe because I was born here, Hua’er is in my blood and bones and I ____42____(learn) it quite fast,” said Sa. At the age of 27, she ____43____(name) an inheritor(传承人) of Hua’er, becoming ____44____ youngest inheritor of this traditional art at the time.
“What people long for in their hearts can be best expressed by singing a song. Just _____45_____ the old saying goes, Hua’er reflects one’s heart and people can’t help singing it,” said the artist.


五、邀请信
46．假定你是李华，你们班计划本周末去登山。Mike是你的英国留学生朋友，请给他写一邮件，内容包括：
1．邀请对方参加这次周末活动；
2．登山活动的好处。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My husband and I wandered the tropical gardens of San Diego’s Bahia Resort Hotel. We came to a large pool. A wet nose appeared out of the water and a seal(海豹)climbed up onto a rock to greet us. “Look!” I cried, delighted.
“Her name is Gracie,” my husband said, reading a sign by the fence that enclosed the pool. A moment later, another seal swam past. “And that must be Billy,” he added.
Gracie dove back into the water and chased after Billy. We watched in wonder as they raced around the pool happily.
The next day I found myself back at the seals’ pool. Gracie and Billy were enjoying the morning sunshine on a large rock. I was surprised to learn that Gracie and Billy were blind.
They were thought to have suffered a head injury in stormy Alaska waters, which caused them to lose their sight. They needed to be taught to survive in a world of darkness. I felt sorry for them, as they could no longer return to the sea.
At the same time, I was amazed how they had adapted to their new environment. They moved easily and beautifully, their lack of sight seeming to be no problem at all. I spent hours watching them playing happily in the pool, nosing large red and blue balls.
Three years later, in spring 2020, a serious illness damaged my eyes, making me almost blind. My eyes had to be protected from sunlight, so I couldn’t go outside. I sat in my bedroom with the shades drawn, unable to read or even watch television. I was terrified. What if I lost my sight completely? How would I possibly manage? I felt so depressed that I began to lose hope.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I remembered something that gave me the hope I needed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
So I made up my mind to live like those two seals.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．A

【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一场艺术作品比赛的具体情况和要求。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Your character must be completely original.(你的角色必须是完全原创的。)”可知，比赛要求作品创作的角色必须是完全原创的。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Rules部分“You must be a teen(aged 13—l9) with a Teen Ink account to enter. (您必须是拥有青少年墨迹帐户的青少年（13-19岁）才能进入。)”可知，要求参赛者的年龄是13-19岁的青少年。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据How to Submit部分“All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the contest. (所有提交给青少年墨迹的参赛作品都会自动被考虑参加比赛。)”和Prizes部分“Honorable mentions will have their characters published in our magazine. (荣誉人物将在我们的杂志上发表。)”可知，青少年墨迹是一家杂志社。故选A。
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个非营利性组织Homeless Garden Project，通过提供培训帮助无家可归的人们种植技术，从而得到稳定的居所和正常的生活。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段“After a year and a half of being in the program, Laffoon was able to secure employment and stable housing. He later obtained a degree in horticulture(园艺学). “It was the first step back into normal society-the first open door,” he says.(在参加了一年半的项目后，Laffoon获得了工作和稳定的住房。他后来获得了园艺学位。‘这是回归正常社会的第一步——打开的第一扇门，’他说到)”可知，本文主要介绍一个慈善项目Homeless Garden Project，Laffoon一开始因毒瘾而居无定所，生活没有保障，参加了这个项目后，生活有了很好的改观，由此可知，他受益于该项目。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“The not-for-profit aims to lift people living on the streets of Santa Cruz out of homelessness through farming. The end goal is that they will leave the farm with stable housing and a full-time job. (这家非营利组织旨在通过农业来帮助圣克鲁斯街头的无家可归者。最终目标是，他们离开农场后，有稳定的住房和一份全职工作)”可知，这个组织主要是帮助无家可归的人们学到种植技术，从而能够自己谋生。故选C项。
6．词句猜测题。根据上文“Laffoon says that while he was homeless, he spent a lot of his time ‘trying to be invisible’(Laffoon说，当他无家可归时，他花了很多时间试图隐身)”可知，他无家可归时，是没有社会交往的，被人忽视，由此可知，他应该是孤独的，没有归属感，与周围社区居民是没有交往的。故选A项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When you’re caring for a plant to try to get it to grow, you’re also giving yourself some self-care to know that you can grow(当你照顾一棵植物，试图让它生长时，你也在给自己一些自我照顾，让自己知道自己可以生长)”可知，该项目负责任说。他们主要是让这些人在学习种植照顾植物的过程中，找到信心，相信自己只要努力也会成长，越来越好。由此可知，这个项目是通过激励启发的方式让这些人获得谋生能力。故选C项。
8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了对于“unlearning”这种舍弃原先所学，以重新学习更好的东西的学习方式，做得越早，就越容易做。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“You should be able to get rid of information that becomes contradicted by something with more evidence supporting it, and reprogram over things which no longer serve your continued evolution.(你应该能够摆脱那些与有更多证据支持它的东西相矛盾的信息，并重新编程那些不再为你的持续进化服务的东西。)”可知，当你学习的东西不再有帮助时，你应该抛弃它们。故选B。
9．推理判断题。第四段中“The sooner you allow yourself to go through the process of unlearning, the easier it will be to unlearn things which are limiting your ability to see things as the limitless possibilities they are.(你越早允许自己完成忘记的过程，就越容易忘记那些限制你看到事物无限可能性的东西。)”为论点，基本内容为：对于“unlearning”这种舍弃原先所学，以重新学习更好的东西的学习方式，做得越早，就越容易做。“As Seneca once said, The mind is slow to unlearn what it learned early. This is why you see old people become set in their ways, being imprisoned by the same beliefs they had in their youth. Once those beliefs are formed in the brain, it will take something extraordinary to reprogram over them.(正如塞内加曾经说过的：“头脑是不容易忘记早期所学的东西的。”这就是为什么你会看到老年人变得固步自封，被他们年轻时的信仰所禁锢。一旦这些信念在大脑中形成，就需要一些非凡的东西来重新编程。)”则为论据：舍弃早先所学的东西，这在大脑中是一个缓慢的过程。所以人若老了，思维便固化了，易受年轻时所形成的信念的束缚，就很难去进行“unlearning”了。所以本段提到“old people”，其目的是引出支撑论点的论据。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据文章第六段“Remind yourself that even though some new information has replaced what you believed was true and worth continuing to support, it may one day also be replaced by something even more consistent with truth and more helpful with your evolution.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已经取代了你认为是正确的、值得继续支持的东西，但它可能有一天也会被一些更符合事实、对你的进化更有帮助的东西取代。)”可知，本段的基本意思是今天用来取代旧事物的新事物有朝一日又会被更好的事物所取代，言下之意是这种取代的过程是不断持续的。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The sooner you allow yourself to go through the process of unlearning, the easier it will be to unlearn things which are limiting your ability to see things as the limitless possibilities they are.(你越早允许自己完成忘记的过程，就越容易忘记那些限制你看到事物无限可能性的东西。)”和第六段“Remind yourself that even though some new information has replaced what you believed was true and worth continuing to support, it may one day also be replaced by something even more consistent with truth and more helpful with your evolution.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已经取代了你认为是正确的、值得继续支持的东西，但它可能有一天也会被一些更符合事实、对你的进化更有帮助的东西取代。)”可知，“unlearning”的基本概念是舍弃原先所学，以便重新学习更好的东西。由此可推知，“unlearning”的概念建议永远追求更好的东西。故选C。
12．D 13．D 14．B 15．C

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述历史语境指导语言的发展。
12．词句猜测题。根据第一段“A group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics have now found that word-orders in languages from different language families develop differently. (马克斯·普朗克心理语言学研究所的一组研究人员现在发现，不同语系的语言中的语序发展不同。)”和第二段“This contradicts the common understanding that word-order develops in accordance with a set of universal rules, applicable to all languages. (这与普遍的理解相矛盾，即语序是根据一套适用于所有语言的普遍规则发展的。)”可知，此处的This指上段中的“word-orders in languages from different language families develop differently(不同语系的语言中的语序发展不同)”。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers analysed 301 languages from four major language families: Austronesian, Indo-European, Bantu and Uto-Aztecan. ... Such a pattern is observed in many languages, but is it a common feature of how languages develop? (研究人员分析了来自四个主要语系的301种语言：南岛语系、印欧语系、班图语系和乌托阿兹特克语系。……在许多语言中都可以观察到这种模式，但这是语言发展的共同特征吗？)”可知，研究人员对这些语言中句子的词序进行研究，看这些语言的发展过程是否相同。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cultural evolution has much more influence on language development than universal factors. (文化进化对语言发展的影响远大于普遍因素。)”可知，语言的发展也是文化进化的过程。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The researchers have concluded that languages do not primarily follow innate(固有的) rules of language processing in the brain. Rather, sentence structure is determined by the historical context in which a language develops. (研究人员得出的结论是，语言并不是主要遵循大脑中语言处理的固有规则。相反，句子结构是由语言发展的历史语境决定的。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述历史语境指导语言发展，C项“历史语境引导语言发展”适合做文章标题，故选C。


16．G 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是与自然交流的好处和方法。
16．空前说“The natural world is amazing. In fact, it is one that you can have a “conversation” with.(事实上，它是一个你可以与之“交谈”的对象。)”，说明我们可以和大自然交流，空后说“Apart from the obvious-that it’s an enjoyable, uplifting thing to do-you may seek to communicate with nature to benefit your mental health, for example.(除了显而易见的——这是一件令人愉快、令人振奋的事情——还有，例如，你可能会寻求与大自然交流，从而有益于你的心理健康。)”，这是在说与自然交流的目的，G选项“You may be wondering why you might want to communicate with nature.(你可能想知道为什么你想和大自然交流。)”引出下文与自然交流的目的，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
17．空前说“When you arrive at your chosen spot, sit quietly for a few moments.(当你到达你选定的地点，静静地坐一会儿。)”，空后说“Just talk in your head as you would to someone you’re opening a conversation with.(就像和你要开始谈话的人一样，在脑子里说话。)”，说明此处是在说与自然交流的过程，空格处应该承接空前的内容，说然后该怎么做，D选项“And then ask to communicate with the nature around you.(然后要求与你周围的自然交流。)”是与自然交流的一个步骤，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
18．空后说“A million ways. You may notice a particular animal or insect coming closer to you and communicating energetically. You may notice a rhythm (韵律) or a pattern in the sound of the water or of the wind.(千百万种方法。你可能会注意到一个特定的动物或昆虫向你靠近，并积极地交流。你可能会注意到水声或风声中的节奏或模式。)”，这是在说自然回应你的方式，因此空格处应该是提问你如何知道自然在回应你，B选项“How will you know if nature responds to you?(你怎么知道大自然对你的反应呢？)”提出该如何知道大自然在回应你，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选B。
19．空前说“The first few times you attempt this exercise, you probably won’t see, hear or notice anything you choose to interpret as communication.(在你尝试这个练习的前几次，你可能不会看到、听到或注意到任何你选择解释为交流的东西。)”，说明刚开始你可能感觉不到你在和大自然交流，空后说“If you practice this on a regular basis, however, you will start to pick things up.(然而，如果你定期练习，你就会开始掌握一些东西。)”说明这是需要练习的，也就是需要时间，A选项“That’s OK. It doesn’t happen overnight.(没关系。这不是一夜之间发生的。)”说明与自然交流是需要时间练习的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
20．空后说“There should be some benefit to nature, just as there is a benefit to you.(对自然应该有一些好处，就像对你有好处一样。)”，说明与自然交流是对你和对自然都有好处的，也就是双向的，C选项“Communication with nature should be a two-way street.(与自然的交流应该是双向的。)”说明了与自然交流是双向的，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。

21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．D 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述在一群善良的跑步者的帮助下，作者有幸拍下一只鹰的照片。虽然第一眼看不出，但这张照片确实展示了善良。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拍了很多鸟的照片，其中有一张我非常喜欢的鹰的照片。A. bought购买；B.found发现；C.taken带，拿；D.checked检查。根据“I know when you look at a photograph of a hawk”推知，作者拍摄了很多鸟的照片，其中有一张是一只鹰。take photographs“拍照”。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道当你看到一张鹰的照片时，你首先想到的不是善意。A. kindness善良；B. weakness弱点；C. confidence信心；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文讲述的故事可知，人们看到鹰的照片不会想到背后那个善良的故事。且下文“I am thankful that the joggers showed kindness to me.”也是提示。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果没有它，这张照片就不存在了。A. develop发展，开发；B. exist存在；C. help帮助；D. continue继续。根据下文讲述的故事可知，如果没有跑步者的善良，作者就不会拍到这只鹰的照片，即没有善良，照片就不存在。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天清晨，我驱车前往达库拉，在小桑树公园拍摄鸟类。A. compare比较；B. train训练；C. protect保护；D. photograph拍摄。根据下文“I started photographing him”可知，作者去公园拍鸟的照片。故选D。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我早在日出前就到了，所以我在车里等着，直到车终于开始变亮。A. warmer更暖和的；B. colder更老的；C. lighter更轻的，更亮的；D. darker更暗的。根据“I arrived well before sunrise”可知，作者等天慢慢变亮。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我步行绕过一个弯道时，我惊讶地停了下来。A. walked步行；B. drove驾驶；C. stood站立，忍受；D. rode骑，搭乘。根据上文“I got out of my car”可知，作者走出车，步行绕过了一个弯道。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. amazement惊讶；B. puzzlement困惑；C. trouble麻烦；D. peace和平。根据下句“There before me was a beautiful red-shouldered hawk sitting on a post.”可知，眼前的情景让作者惊讶。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我转过身来问他们是否介意等着或走在路的另一边，这样他们就不会吓跑老鹰了。A. avoid避免，避开；B. delay推迟；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. mind介意。根据“I started photographing him, and then heard the footsteps of joggers behind me.”推知，作者客气地要求人群等等或者走路的另一边，即问他们是否介意走路的另一边。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. see看见；B. keep保持；C. scare使害怕，惊吓；D. push推。根据“if they would　　8　　waiting or walking on the other side of the road”推知，作者提出这样的要求，是为了避免吓走老鹰。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们说他们可以朝另一个方向走时，我深受感动。A. inspired鼓舞；B.touched感动；C.embarrassed使尴尬；D.astonished震惊。根据“they could go in the other direction.”可知，作者被众人的行为感动了。故选B。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这条路绕湖2.2英里，他们转过身继续跑。A.stepped forward向前走；B.turned left左转；C.stepped out离开，退出；D.turned around转身。根据上文“in the other direction”可知，跑步的人转身朝反方向跑。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为慢跑者对我很友善，所以我能拍这只鹰20分钟。A. say说；B. do做；C.leave离开；D.hold持有。结合上文语境可知，此处“do that”指上文“ran in the other direction”这件事。故选B。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：前两个慢跑者实际上已经慢跑了整个路线，然后又回到了我第一次见到他们的地方。A. up向上；B. inside在里面；C. away远离；D. back在后面，回来。根据上文“The road is 2.2 miles around the lake”可知，跑步者们是绕湖跑步，这时又跑回到原地。故选D。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一件很小的事情，但这意味着我可以拍摄。A. small小的；B. unique唯一的，独特的；C. brilliant明亮的，聪颖的；D. practical实际的，实践的。结合上文故事可知，在作者看来，跑步者们选择另外的方向跑步虽然是件小事，但这意味着可以拍下照片。故选A。
35．考查代词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意把我放在第一位。A. others其他；B. everything每件事；C. themselves他们自己；D. everybody人人。根据上文故事可知，为了让作者拍照，跑步者们改变了跑步路线，他们把作者放在自己的前面，即首先考虑作者而非他们自己。故选C。

36．China’s 37．traditional 38．to sing 39．to 40．herself 41．studying 42．learned/learnt 43．was named 44．the 45．as

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍在中国的青海、甘肃、宁夏和新疆流行了数百年的山歌《花儿》。
36．考查名词所有格。句意：花儿，在中文中的字面意思是花，被称为“山歌”的一种，在中国的青海、甘肃、宁夏和新疆流行了数百年。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用名词China的所有格形式作定语，修饰后面的名词Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang，表示所属关系。故填China’s。
37．考查形容词。句意：36岁的萨丽娜从小听着花儿长大，从事这门传统艺术已经近20年了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词art。故填traditional。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：很快，她有机会与花儿的著名歌手马汉东一起演唱。分析句子结构和意思可知，名词chance需要动词不定式作后置定语。故填to sing。
39．考查固定短语。句意：她说：“我以前从来没有唱过花儿，所以我听了，跟着磁带一起唱。令我惊讶的是，我很快就爱上了它。”分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语to my surprise，意为“令我惊讶的是”。故填to。
40．考查反身代词。句意：从那时起，Sa一直致力于掌握民间艺术，从向Ma学习表演中使用的技巧和技巧，参加其他知名歌手的表演，尽可能练习唱花儿，到研究其起源和历史。分析句子结构和意思可知，devote oneself to固定搭配，意为“致力于……”，这里需要反身代词，作宾语，意为“她自己”。故填herself。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格前面的to是介词，后面用动名词形式，作宾语。故填studying。
42．考查谓语动词。句意：Sa说：“也许因为我出生在这里，花儿在我的血液和骨骼中，我很快就学会了。”分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填learned/learnt。
43．考查谓语动词。句意：27岁时，她被命名为花儿的一名继承人，成为当时最年轻的花儿传统艺术传承人。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词name和主语she是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态结构，be动词用was。故填was named。
44．考查冠词。句意：见第8题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，最高级前应用the来修饰。故填the。
45．考查定语从句。句意：正如老话所说，花儿反映了一个人的内心，人们忍不住要唱出来。分析句子结构和意思可知，　　10　　 the old saying goes是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，从句位于主语前面，表示“正如”，用关系代词as引导。故填as。
46．Dear Mike,
I’m writing to invite you to join my class in our weekend activity. This weekend we are going to climb a hill in the country. Climbing hills, as you know, is a good form of exercise that not only builds up the body but also makes us feel relaxed after a week’s hard work while appreciating the beautiful natural scenery on the way. Just imagine looking far into the distance at the top of the hill! So, be sure not to miss such a great opportunity.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生邀请英国留学生朋友Mike参加周末去登山的活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
锻炼身体：build up the body→exercise
放松的：relaxed→light
欣赏：appreciate→enjoy
机会：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to invite you to join my class in our weekend activity.
拓展句：I’m writing this letter so that I can invite you to join my class in our weekend activity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Climbing hills, as you know, is a good form of exercise that not only builds up the body but also makes us feel relaxed after a week’s hard work while appreciating the beautiful natural scenery on the way.（由as引导的非限制性定语从句和while引导的时间状语从句的省略）
【高分句型2】Just imagine looking far into the distance at the top of the hill!（由动名词短语作宾语的结构）
47．参考范文
Then I remembered something that gave me the hope I needed. Yes, I thought of the two seals. They got used to their new life in the pool regardless of the great changes when they were unable to go back to the sea where they were supposed to be. What’s more, they managed to enjoy a happy life though they lived in darkness as a result of their blindness. Now I was faced with the same situation. Luckily, the two seals had set a good example for me.
So I made up my mind to live like those two seals. Though I was kept from the outside world, I did find pleasure in my small world, enjoying chatting with friends, singing with my family, listening to music, and eating delicious food. The seals’ diving and swimming around their pool reminded me of exercise. So I climbed up and down the stairs every morning to keep fit. Eventually I became confident again about myself. Thanks to my two inspiring friends, I learned how to enjoy life when going through a difficult time.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和丈夫在一个泳池里看到两头海豹开心地玩耍，却很惊讶地得知，它们已经失明，再也不能回到大海，作者感叹于它们可以适应黑暗，仍然生活得很快乐。三年后，作者也因病几乎失明，很害怕，情绪低落。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后我想起了一件给了我希望的事。”可知，第一段可描写作者想到了三年前见到的那两只失明的海豹，回忆起它们接受命运给与的苦难，适应黑暗并开心地生活玩耍。
②由第二段首句内容“所以我下定决心要像那两只海豹一样生活。”可知，第二段可描写作者决定积极生活，融入社会，强身健体，实现自我价值。
2.续写线索：想到失明的海豹——反思自己——决定向海豹学习——调整心态——积极生活——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①习惯于：get used to/get accustomed to/adapt to
②想起：think of/remember/recall
③返回：get back to/return to
情绪类
①.感谢：thanks to/owing to/showing my appreciation to/show my gratitude to/be grateful to
②.积极：become confident/act positively
【点睛】[高分句型1]. They got used to their new life in the pool regardless of the great changes when they were unable to go back to the sea where they were supposed to be.（由连接词when引导的时间状语从句及where引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2].Though I was kept from the outside world, I did find pleasure in my small world, enjoying chatting with friends, singing with my family, listening to music, and eating delicious food. （由though引导的让步状语从句及分词作状语）
[高分句型3].Thanks to my two inspiring friends, I learned how to enjoy life when going through a difficult time.（when引导的时间状语从句的省略）