备战2023中考专题08 动词和动词短语-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编 （全国通用）（第1期）（原卷＋解析版）

这是一份备战2023中考专题08 动词和动词短语-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编 （全国通用）（第1期）（原卷＋解析版），文件包含专题08动词和动词短语-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编全国通用第1期解析版docx、专题08动词和动词短语-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编全国通用第1期原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共20页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题08  动词和动词短语 考点1  动词词义辨析1．（2022·天津·中考真题）My aunt offered me a dictionary and I ________ it happily.A．accepted B．invited C．mixed D．grew【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：姑姑给了我一本字典，我欣然接受。考查动词辨析。accepted接受；invited邀请；mixed混合；grew种植。根据“My aunt offered me a dictionary”可知是接受了姑姑给的字典。故选A。2．（2022·江西·中考真题）________ me, I’ll show you the way.A．Follow B．Forget C．Leave D．Punish【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：跟着我，我来给你带路。考查动词辨析。follow跟随；forget忘记；leave离开；punish惩罚。根据“me, I’ll show you the way”可知，给对方带路，要跟着自己走，故选A。3．（2022·安徽·中考真题）—You can ________ between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club.—I consider going to the chess club, for I like playing chess better.A．decide B．guess C．hide D．wait【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你可以决定参加舞蹈俱乐部还是国际象棋俱乐部。——我考虑去象棋俱乐部，因为我更喜欢下棋。考查动词辨析。decide决定；guess猜；hide隐藏；wait等待。根据“You can...between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club.”可知，是决定参加哪个俱乐部，故选A。4．（2022·新疆·中考真题）—Why didn’t you go to my party last night?—Sorry, I was ________ for the English test at that time.A．caring B．looking C．studying D．searching【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么不去参加我的聚会？——对不起，那时我正在为英语考试而学习。考查动词辨析。caring关心；looking看；studying学习；searching搜寻。根据“for the English test”可知是为英语考试而学习。故选C。5．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Laura spoke very slowly to people to ________ what she would say. —She just wanted to think about what others were feeling.A．survey B．weigh C．support D．repeat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——劳拉对人说话很慢，以便权衡她要说什么。——她只是想要想想别人的感受。考查动词辨析。survey调查；weigh权衡；support支持；repeat重复。根据“She just wanted to think about what others were feeling.”可知要估计别人的感受，需要权衡下自己要说什么，用weigh。故选B。6．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Jack, tell me how to ________ this information. —All right, Grandma. You can type it on this keyboard.A．delete B．enter C．collect D．receive【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——Jack，告诉我如何输入这些信息。——好的，祖母。你可以在这个键盘上打字。考查动词辨析。delete删除；enter输入；collect收集；receive收到。根据“tell me how to … this information”及“You can type it on this keyboard”可知，询问如何输入这些信息，故选B。7．（2022·四川乐山·中考真题）Betty is slow in doing anything, so it’s impossible for her to ________ the work on time.A．finish B．accept C．develop【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：贝蒂做事很慢，所以她不可能按时完成工作。考查动词辨析。finish完成；accept接受；develop发展。根据“Betty is slow in doing anything”可知，因为做事很慢，所以是无法准时完成工作，故选A。8．（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）—Paul, have you tried this chicken? It’s a special in Luzhou and has been introduced in the TV program A Bite of China. —Yes, it ________ hot but delicious.A．eats B．looks C．tastes D．sees【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——Paul，你吃过这种鸡吗? 这是泸州的一个特别菜肴，已经在电视节目《舌尖上的中国》中介绍过。——是的，它吃起来很辣，但是很好吃。考查动词辨析。eats吃；looks看起来；tastes尝起来；sees看。此空后hot和delicious都是形容词，故此空应填连系动词，排除A和D选项。食物是尝起来美味，故选C。9．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Alex, come down to play football. —I can’t. Mom said I ________ clean my bedroom before doing anything else.A．had to B．will C．used to D．can【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——Alex，下来踢足球吧。——我不能去。妈妈说我在做其他事情之前必须先打扫我的卧室。 考查动词辨析。had to不得不；will将；used to do过去常常做某事；can能够。根据“Mom said I… clean my bedroom before doing anything else”可知，妈妈要求做其他事情之前必须先打扫卧室，故选A。10．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Good news! The Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully.—That ________ exciting and encouraging!A．turns B．tastes C．sounds D．smells【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——好消息！神舟十四号载人飞船已经成功发射到太空。——这听起来令人兴奋和鼓舞！考查动词辨析。turns转变；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；smells闻起来。根据“Good news! The Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully”可知是这个消息听起来很令人兴奋。故选C。11．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）People in cold areas ________ warm colours to calm colours in their homes.A．protect B．prefer C．pronounce D．practise【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。考查动词辨析。protect保护；prefer更喜欢；pronounce发音；practise练习。根据“People in cold areas...warm colours to calm colours”以及常识可知寒冷地区的人更喜欢暖色系，prefer...to“与……相比，更喜欢……”。故选B。 考点2  动词短语辨析12．（2022·天津·中考真题）He thanked me for ________ the mistakes in his homework.A．going out B．pointing out C．turning on D．putting on【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：他感谢我指出他作业中的错误。考查动词短语。going out出去；pointing out指出；turning on打开；putting on上演。根据“the mistakes in his homework”可知是指出错误。故选B。13．（2022·安徽·中考真题）—Do you know the spacewoman Wang Yaping?—Sure. She is called the mother who ________ the stars.A．gave out B．put away C．looked after D．reached for【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——你知道女宇航员王亚平吗？——当然。她被称为伸手摘星的母亲。考查动词短语辨析。gave out分发；put away整理；looked after照顾；reached for伸手够。根据“She is called the mother who...the stars.”可知，此处表示“伸手摘星”，对应宇航员的身份，故选D。14．（2022·新疆·中考真题）We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday, but Bob didn’t ________ until 12.A．put up B．show up C．stay up D．give up【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们约好上周日10点在公园见面，但鲍勃直到12点才露面。考查动词短语。put up搭建；show up出现；stay up熬夜；give up放弃。根据“We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday”可知，约定了见面地点和时间，但是鲍勃直到12点才出现。故选B。15．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）Doing chores helps to improve children’s independence and teaches them how to ________ themselves.A．look for B．look after C．look like D．look through【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：做家务有助于提高孩子的独立性，并教会他们如何照顾自己。考查动词短语。look for寻找；look after照顾；look like看起来像；look through浏览。根据“Doing chores helps to improve children’s independence and teaches them how to...themselves”可知做家务能让孩子学会照顾自己。故选B。16．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）—I’m going to leave my job.—Please hold your horses before making important decisions.A．hurry up B．think twiceC．push your horses D．ride your horses【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——我要辞职了。——在做出重要决定之前，请慎重考虑。考查动词短语。hurry up快点；think twice慎重考虑；push your houses推马；ride your horses骑马。根据“Please hold your horses before making important decisions”可知做决定之前，要慎重考虑。故选B。17．（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）—Xiao Ming, what news are you reading? —Shenzhou XIV with three astronauts ________ space on June 5th, 2022.A．left for B．waited for C．asked for D．argued for【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——小明，你在看什么新闻？——2022 年6月5日，神舟十四号携三名航天员启程前往太空。考查动词短语。left for动身去；waited for等待；asked for索要；argued for为赞成……而辩论。根据“Shenzhou XIV with three astronauts...space”以及常识可知神州十三号动身去太空。故选A。18．（2022·云南·中考真题）— How was your camping in the countryside last weekend?— It was great. We ________ a tent by the lake and had much fun.A．put up B．put off C．put on D．put in【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你上周末在乡下的露营怎么样？——很不错。我们在湖边搭起了帐篷，玩得很开心。 考查动词短语辨析。put up搭建；put off推迟；put on穿上；put in安装。根据“a tent by the lake”可知，此处指在湖边搭建帐篷，故选A。19．（2022·甘肃武威·中考真题）Let’s ________ the chicken and make some soup.A．look at B．cut up C．put off D．knock against【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们把鸡肉切碎煮汤吧。考查动词短语辨析。look at看；cut up切碎；put off推迟；knock against撞击。根据“the chicken and make some soup”可知，是切碎鸡肉做汤，故选B。20．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Please ________ these donations for kids. —OK, let me see. Perfect! Kids here are in great need of toys and books.A．check out B．cut down C．sell out D．turn down【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——请查看这些为孩子们提供的捐款。——好的，让我看看。完美！这里的孩子们非常需要玩具和书籍。考查动词短语。check out查实，核实；cut down砍倒；sell out卖掉；turn down拒绝。根据“OK, let me see.”可知，是让对方查看一下这些捐款。故选A。21．（2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题）The Monkey King is not a normal monkey, he can _______ himself _______ different animals and objects.A．turn; off B．turn; up C．turn; into【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：美猴王不是一只普通的猴子，他可以把自己变成不同的动物和物体。考查动词短语。turn…off关掉；turn…up把某物调大；turn…into把某物变成。根据“himself”及“animals and objects”可知，句子表达把他自己变成不同的动物和物体。用短语“turn…into”。故选C。22．（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）The traditional Chinese lunar calendar ________ a year ________ 24 solar terms (节气).A．divides…into… B．mixes…with… C．translates…into… D．covers…with…【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：中国传统的农历将一年分为24个节气。考查短语辨析。divides…into…把……分成……；mixes…with…把……与……混合；translates…into…把……翻译成……；covers…with…用……覆盖……。根据“24 solar terms”可知，将一年分成24个节气。故选A。23．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Each of us in our group wants to make friends with Gary, because he is modest and never ________ .A．shows off B．takes off C．puts off D．gives off【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们小组中的每个人都想和加里交朋友，因为他很谦虚，从不炫耀。考查动词短语。shows off炫耀；takes off脱下；puts off拖迟；gives off发出；根据“because he is modest and never”可知，她从不炫耀，故选A。24．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）In such cheerful conversation, the time ________ all too quickly.A．went up B．went down C．went by D．went back【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：在这么欢快的对话中，时间流逝地很快。考查动词短语。went up上升；went down沉下；went by流逝；went back追溯。根据“the time”及“too quickly”可知，表达时间流逝地快。用短语“went by”。故选C。25．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）—We need more time to see how things develop before we ________.—I agree with you.A．take after B．take action C．take turn D．take away【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——在采取行动之前，我们需要更多的时间看看事态的发展。——我同意你的看法。考查动词短语辨析。take after与……相像；take action采取行动；take turn轮流；take away拿走。根据“We need more time to see how things develop before we...”可知，应是在行动前看看事态的发展，故选B。26.（2022·四川乐山·中考真题）— Shall we go and see a movie on Sunday?— Sorry. I’ll have to ________ my younger sister.A．look after B．look for C．look up【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——我们星期天去看电影好吗？——抱歉。我得照顾我的妹妹。考查动词短语辨析。look after照顾；look for寻找；look up查询。根据“I’ll have to … my younger sister”可知，此处指不得不照顾妹妹，故选A。27．（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）Many Chinese people usually ________ some paper cuttings on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck.A．put up B．put off C．cut up D．cut off【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：许多中国人通常在窗户、门和墙壁上贴一些剪纸，作为好运的象征。 考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴；put off推迟；cut up切碎；cut off切断。根据“some paper cuttings on windows, doors and walls”可知，剪纸应该在窗户、门和墙壁上贴的，故选A。28．（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）—How can we save electricity in daily life?—By ________ the lights when we leave a room, for example.A．turning off B．putting off C．taking off【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——日常生活中如何省电？——例如，当我们离开房间时关灯。考查动词短语。turning off关闭；putting off推迟；taking off起飞。根据“the lights”可知为了省电，在离开房间时要关灯。故选A。29．（2022·浙江温州·中考真题）In China, people usually ________ their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival.A．clean up B．look up C．make up D．put up【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：在中国，人们通常在春节前打扫房子，把坏运气扫走。 考查动词短语辨析。clean up打扫；look up查询；make up编造；put up张贴。根据“their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival”及常识可知，在春节前打扫房子，把坏运气扫走，故选A。 考点3  情态动词30．（2022·天津·中考真题）The book ________ be Mary’s. We can see her name on it.A．need B．must C．can’t D．needn’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：这本书一定是玛丽的。我们可以在上面看到她的名字。考查情态动词辨析。need需要；must一定；can’t不可能；needn’t不需要。根据“We can see her name on it.”可知，此处表示肯定推测，故选B。31．（2022·四川乐山·中考真题）— Must we wear the school clothes tomorrow, Mr. Wang?— No, you ________. Only on Mondays. Tomorrow is Tuesday.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——王老师，我们明天必须穿校服吗？——不，你不必。只有星期一需要。明天是星期二。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不可能。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to，故选B。32．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ________ hear a thing.A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么也听不见。考查情态动词。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you...hear a thing”可知此处表示“现在就开始保护听力，等不能听到声音再保护就晚了”，使用can’t。故选D。33．（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）—Whose English book is this? —It _______ be Lily’s, but I’m not sure.A．might B．can’t C．must【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——这是谁的英语书？——可能是莉莉的，但我不确定。考查情态动词。might可能；can’t不可能；must一定；结合“but I’m not sure.”可知，此处是一种不确定的推测，应用might，故选A。34．（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）The public sign in the library means people ________ smoke there.A．could B．must C．couldn’t D．mustn’t【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：图书馆的这个公共标志意味着人们不能在那里吸烟。 考查情态动词。could可以；must必须；couldn’t不可以；mustn’t禁止。根据常识可知，图片这个标志是禁止吸烟，故选D。35．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—All of us ________ follow the traffic rules when going out.—Exactly! Safety comes first.A．might B．must C．may D．could【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——外出时，我们所有人都必须遵守交通规则。 ——确实！安全第一。考查情态动词辨析。might可能；must必须；may可能；could可能。根据“All of us … follow the traffic rules when going out”可知，此处指必须遵守交通规则，故选B。36．（2022·四川成都·中考真题）—There is a new art museum in our city. You _______ miss it. —Thank you. I won’t.A．can’t B．must C．needn’t【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——在我们城市有一个新的艺术博物馆。你不能错过它。——谢谢。我不会的。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；must必须；needn’t不需要。根据“There is a new art museum in our city. You...miss it.”可知，不能错过这个新的艺术博物馆。故选A。37．（2022·浙江温州·中考真题）—Thomas, where are my postcards? I ________ find them.—They’re on the bookshelf.A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——Thomas，我的明信片在哪里？我找不到它们。——它们在书架上。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“where are my postcards”及“I …find them”可知，不能找到明信片，故选A。38．（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）—David, do you know Su Yiming, a snowboarder from China? —Sure. He won the first place in the men’s Big Air Event. He ________ be hard-working.A．needn’t B．can’t C．should D．must【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——大卫，你认识来自中国的单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣吗？——当然。他在男子大跳台赛事中获得第一名。他一定很努力。考查情态动词。needn’t不必；can’t不能；should应该；must一定。根据“He won the first place in the men’s Big Air Event”可知他获得了第一名，所以此处作肯定推测，他一定很努力。故选D。39．（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Whose physics book is this?—It ________ be Helen’s because her name is on it.A．mustn’t B．must C．might D．can’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——这是谁的图画书？——它一定是Helen的，因为她的名字在上面。考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t不允许；must一定；might可能；can’t不可能。根据“because her name is on it”可知，此处是肯定猜测，一定是她的，故选B。