湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年度高二第二学期期中考试

英语

时量：120分钟    满分：150分

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt？

A. £19.15.

B.£9.18.

C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Who is the man likely to vote for?

A.Larry.

B.Sam.

C.Tom.

2.How many people have read the man's email?

A.20.

B.100.

C.120.

3.What will the boy do next?

A.Take an exam.

B.Go to bed.

C.End the call.

4.Where does the conversation probably take place?

A.In the office.

B.In the hospital.

C.At the police station.

5.What is the probable relationship between Mary and the woman?

A.Schoolmates.

B.Boss and secretary.

C.Teacher and student.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.How long did Mike stay in China?

A.Five days.

B.Seven days.

C.Two weeks.

7.Where did Mike go last year?

A.Norway.

B.India.

C.Japan.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.What does the woman think about the restaurant?

A.It's special.

B.It's expensive.

C.It's popular.

9.How many steaks will the speakers liker?

A.One.

B.Two.

C.Three.

10.What will the woman drink?

A.Wine.

B.Tea.

C.Juice.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.What is the man reading at first?

A.A book.

B.A newspaper.

C.A business report.

12.Why does the girl ask her father to read the book to her?

A.Her father promised to do it before.

B.The book belongs to her friend.

C.It is her teacher's requirement.

13.What does the man decide to do at last?

A.Go to bed.

B.Read to the girl.

C.Make some cookies.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.When will the party start?

A.At 2 o'clock.

B.At 4 o'clock.

C.At 6 o'clock.

15.What does the man think of making coffee?

A.Easy.

B.Tiring.

C.Challenging.

16.What can we infer about Susan?

A.She works in a coffee bar.

B.She knows well about coffee.

C.She will help the man make coffee.

17.What will the speakers do next?

A.Get some milk.

B.Invite Susan to the party.

C.Hurry to the ice cream shop.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.What will control the tree house's temperature?

A.The roof.

B.The leaf.

C.The soil.

19.What is the most important design of a lizard house?

A.Changing colors.

B.Collecting sunlight.

C.Producing energy.

20.Why can the chimney be a useful air conditioner?

A.It is deep under the ground.

B.It is easy for hot air to flow out.

C.It allows cool air to come in easily.

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

The War of the Worlds by H.G.Wells

Published in 1897, this science fiction has inspired countless novels since then and still continues to fascinate its readers. The unnamed hero is one of the first witnesses to a strange-looking meteorite（陨石）in England. Not long after that， it is apparent that the meteorite is

Martian and that an invasion is around the corner. What is it like for man,who dominates the Earth,to be dominated by a race of aliens?

Dune Saga by Frank Herbert

Published from 1965 to 1985, Dune Saga contains 6 novels and is widely considered an epic of science fiction. Instead of sticking to a single character, these novels begin with Paul Atreides,first a son of a noble family and then the emperor of the known universe. The novels follow Paul＇s descendants（后裔），ending by revealing the fate of his planet，Arrakis， and the fate of his generations.

The Space Trilogy by C.S.Lewis

This series contains three books that were published from 1938 to 1945. Lewis explores the nature of humanity by taking the main character,  Dr. Elwin Ransom, outside of Earth and to the planets of Mars and Venus. On these planets, the local residents are not corrupted （腐化），but corruption from Earth threatens them. When Ransom returns to Earth in the final book, corruption even greater than when he left awaits him there.

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury

Future society in the priceless 1953 novel is made worse by technology. Ray Bradbury discusses the importance of books by using such a society that burns them. The main character, Guy Montag, is a fireman, someone who burns books and the houses that contain them.The culture is obsessed（着迷）with the society of television but doesn’t realize the value-and the freedom-that comes with literature.

21.Where is Dr.Elwin Ransom originally from?

A.Mars.

B.Venus.

C.Earth.

D.Arrakis.

22.Which book explores the potential for technology to make humans less free?

A.The War of the Worlds.

C.The Space Trilogy.

B.Dune Saga.

D.Fahrenheit 451.

23.What do the four books have in common?

A.They show an imaginary world.

B.They each have two main characters.

C.They explore the nature of humanity.

D.They were published in the 20th century.

B

Get up at 6 a.m.,  arrive at the hospital one hour earlier to help patients check in, and accompany patients during consultations...In recent years, “patient escorts” has emerged as a new industry, and those who have taken on this career are known as “people who sell time".26-year-old Zhang Tian is one of them.

September 4 was a lucky day for Zhang Tian. On this day, Zhang Tian saw a video about patient escorts on a short video platform. The daily routine of patient escorts shown in the video fascinated her and gradually inspired her to take this on as a business. She browsed through many platforms and read multiple information and found there indeed exists a certain demand for patient escorts, especially from the elderly, children, and pregnant women. Since she had never engaged in this kind of work before, she spent two days in major hospitals in Wuhan, in order to familiarize herself with all the departments on different floors, as well as the processes of medical consultation and preparation for surgery.

After early preparatory work, Zhang Tian posted a video of her self-introduction on major social platforms, talking about the help and services a patient escort provides, as well as some tips for a quick and convenient medical consultation. At first, she was a little worried that her video would go unnoticed. However, after she uploaded the video, it got over 100 likes and she received her first ever offer as a patient escort.

The memory of her first task is still alive and fresh in her mind. She received a phone call on September 9 from a man whose father was seriously ill and might need surgery. He wanted Zhang Tian to accompany his father through his consultation and treatment. Zhang Tian made full preparations before meeting her first client and did a very good job despite her nervousness.

“Later, the family expressed their gratitude to me over and over again, which warmed my heart and gave me a sense of achievement,” Zhang Tian said.

24.What do patient escorts do?

A.They assist doctors in hospitals.

B.They arrive at hospitals early to check in.

C.They take on this career to sell their time.

D.They help patients get treated in hospitals.

25.September 4 was a lucky day for Zhang Tian because             

A.she enjoyed seeing an interesting video

B.she got inspiration for her own career

C.she found a demand for medical workers

D.she was well received on social platforms

26.How did Zhang Tian get her first client?

A.She got familiar with the routine work in hospitals.

B.She spent two days in major hospitals meeting patients.

C.Her video on social platforms attracted her first client.

D.The man's father was seriously ill and might need surgery.

27.Which of the following words best describe Zhang Tian?

A.Hardworking and considerate.

C.Ambitious and imaginative.

B.Humorous and careful.

D.Talkative and positive.

C

These days, there’s a green version of just about everything. There are cars that run on electricity and alternative fuels, houses that are powered by solar energy and wind farms seemingly popping up on every open space from California to coastal Japan. Even drones are getting in on the action. The unmanned air vehicles are also being put to environmental uses around the globe.

The eye in the sky that they provide helps researchers better understand what's going on with the natural world in which we live. For environmentalists and earth scientists, the flying machines can be sent way up in the air to record sweeping footage of a large area to track the impact of things like climate change, migration and the acts of cutting down and burning forest trees, which can be done without having to buy a helicopter, rent a plane or tape a video camera to a bird.

Sure, there’s plenty of satellite footage already out there, but drones let researchers accurately position the data set that they want to get a quicker, closer look at the area that they're looking to monitor. In 2013, for example, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) sent a drone into the Turrialba Volcano in Costa Rica to gather data about its emissions. The temperature, ash height and gas concentration information collected during the mission helped earth scientists determine which way the volcanic and potentially poisonous gas erupting from the volcano was moving and take steps to limit its environmental impact.

Similarly, Arctic researchers are using drones to help study temperature change and the melting of glaciers. They use drones equipped with infrared（红外线的 cameras to sweep into places that they may otherwise not be able to reach to monitor and collect data on the melting ice. The same flying machines may also eventually be used to transport other data collection tools into the wild.

28.How does the author lead in the topic of the text?

A.By giving examples.

C.By drawing a distinction.

B.By listing data.

D.By making assumptions.

29.What mainly makes drones used to better watch nature?

A.The high safety.

B.The huge space.

C.The recovery capability after damage.

D.The ability to collect data at a high altitude.

30.What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us about drones?

A.Their production steps.

B.Their practical functions.

C.Their potential impacts on the atmosphere.

D.Their data set for monitoring the environment.

31.Which is a suitable title for the text?

A.Drones: Poisonous

C.Drones: Limited

B.Drones: Eco-friendly

D.Drones: Adaptable

D

A study led by Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, a researcher at Aarhus University in Denmark, tries to deal with a fundamental question that has bothered researchers for more than a century-what exactly causes mental illness?

In the hope of finding the answer, scientists have piled up a large amount of data over the past decade, through studies of genes and brain activity. They have found that many of the same genes underlie seemingly distinct disorders and that changes in the brain's decision-making systems could be involved in many conditions.

The researchers are also rethinking theories of how our brains go wrong. The idea that mental illness can be classified into distinct, separate categories like “anxiety” has been disproved to a large extent. Instead, recently they've found that disorders shade into each other. There are no hard dividing lines.

The researchers are trying to understand the biology that underlies mental illness. They have a few theories. Perhaps there are several dimensions of mental illness, so depending on how people score on each dimension, they might be more likely to have some disorders than others. An alternative idea is that there is a single factor that makes people easier to suffer from mental illness in general: Which disorder they develop is then determined by other factors. Both ideas are being taken seriously, though the former one is more widely accepted by the researchers.

The details are still unclear, but most researchers agree that one thing is specific: The old system of categorizing mental disorders into neat boxes does not work. They are also hopeful that, in the long run, replacing this framework with one that is grounded in biology will lead to new drugs and treatments. The researchers aim to reveal, for instance, the key genes，brain regions and neurological processes involved in psychopathology（精神病理学）， and target them with treatments. Although it might take a while to get there, they are optimistic in the long term if the field really does its work.

32.What does the research of mental illness focus on?

A.Its roots.

C.Its categories.

B.Its symptoms.

D.Iis treatments.

33.What has been found from the recent study?

A.There exist links between mental disorders.

B.Brain function has little to do with mental illness.

C.Mental illness is classified into different categories.

D.Genes are completely different in distinct mental disorders.

34.Which one do most researchers embrace according to Paragraph 4?

A.The theory of genetic influences.

B.The concept of multiple aspects.

C.The belief of brain abnormalities.

D.The idea of the determined risk factor.

35.What can we learn about mental illness from the text?

A.Its new drugs could be available soon.

B.Its genes are too complex to study.

C.Scientists are clear about its details.

D.Hunting for its biology might help.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Exams are an important type of assessment almost all students will need to undertake. The best way to study is not to recite things all in hours or minutes before an exam. Exam stress affects most students in various ways. 36

How do you face such an important day? If you have not been able to study the complete content up till now, don't long to finish it all. 37 In your bag, collect all your supplies such as pencils, several pens and other important writing materials. Put the bag and everything else that you might need in one place. This will help to reduce your worries in the morning.

When you arrive at the hall, surround yourself with friends who are supportive or just go through your notes quietly. Always make it a point to study the subjects which you find easier to learn first.38Therefore,do not go round asking crazily for the answer. This will just upset you and send you into panic mode.

39 Before the examination starts, make sure your question paper is complete. Read the instructions carefully. Settle the easy questions first. Divide your time carefully for each question and move on to the next question even if you have not'  finished the first.

Finally, after each paper, go home and rest. Do not worry about what you could have done or haven't done. Try not to discuss the answers with your friends. 40

A.When you are in the examination room, follow these steps.

B.Try to relax and remember to fill the answer.

C.You'll be affected if you do not know the answer to the topic.

D.It is important to manage this stress and find ways of helping to reduce it.

E.You should not allow anything to upset the rest of the examination.

F.Many students are nervous when they are facing their first examination.

G.Firstly, prepare a test kit for the duration of your examination.

第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Recently I was flying across the country and was about to board my flight when a woman sitting across from me had a medical episode（发作期）.

The woman was 41 control of her body. I jumped up and crouched in front of her, asking if she was okay. I 42 myself as Dr.Joe, asked her 43(let's call her Jackie to protect her 44) and told her that I could help.

In one hand I held hers and with my other hand I 45 her head, carefully asking what was happening. She 46 that she had a condition where, when her body is 47 to a lot of stress， her body goes into a parasympathetic overdrive（副交感神经超速运转）.Jackie 48 to me that she's had this condition for thirty years and will be “perfectly 49 in just a bit”. She said she forgot her medical papers at home.

I asked her if she needed help sitting up and a wheelchair to 50 the plane, to both of which she said yes. I stayed behind to ensure Jackie 51 it safely on board, but due to some miscommunication, the gate agent and a manager thought Jackie was having a stroke. I explained that, despite her forgetting her 52,her condition would soon 53.The employees of the airline agreed to let her board with my 54 and, just like Jackie said, she was perfectly fine within about twenty minutes.

55 Jackie just needed someone to listen to her and fight for her.

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get 56(good) with time: antiques, aged wine, long-term relationships and expertise over the years.

Peking Opera is a slow process too. An often-repeated saying goes as follows: Three minutes on stage, 10 years 57 stage. It's meant as a nod to its demanding nature and a reminder of its high standards that ensure that any performance 58(do) the way the forefathers wanted it.

Peking Opera is 59(demand) because of the extensive list of skills it requires. A performer is an actor, singer, dancer, acrobat, mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They're also expected 60(apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes and,61 (depend) on their character, perform on stage in 15cm platform shoes.

There is so much to take in 62 disciples（学徒）usually start their career as young children, spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage.

So what chance does 63 theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera? Do I have 64 it takes to put on a successful show? There's only one way to find out: I'm rolling up my sleeves and training under the 65 (guide) of senior stage masters in the field.

第三节 课文默写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

Genes play a critical role in overall health. Every cell in the human body contains genetic information. Everything from the ageing process to the development of 66,such as cancer, is tied to an individual's genetic make-up. However, scientists have long been 67 the question about which genetic markers indicate a short or long lifespan. The discovery by the research team may 68 of the study on genes and human lifespans, and eventually help answer this question.

Scientists say that locating these sixteen genetic markers will greatly improve their understanding of how genes affect lifespans. These genetic markers may eventually69 a means of targeting the specific genes connected with lifespans. This could significantly enhance people's chances of living to a ripe old age. According to some scientists, it could make 70 to the future of human life.

At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines. One of 71 of AI is to develop computer intelligence72 learning from experience,73 new inputs and performing tasks like humans. To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward, including“ deep learning”,  which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of 74.Deep-learning AI 75 to analyse massive amounts of data through multiple layers, imitating the complex networks of the human brain.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你校将举办一场面向外国留学生的讲座。Mike是你的留学生朋友，你决定给他写封邮件，告知该讲座的有关信息。内容包括：

1．讲座的时间和地点；

2．讲座内容：中国的名胜；

3．建议他去听这个讲座。

注意：

1．写作词数应为80左右；

2．按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

65-year-old Mr.Fairfax had retired from teaching. He was very interested in adventure. This time he made an adventure on a sparsely（稀少地）populated land. In the cold winter， he tried a new place and forgot to bring his cell phone, the only time on the trip. He trekked （艰苦跋涉）more than half a mile with two dogs to a harvested wheat field.

Eyes fixed on the horizon in expectation of another rabbit, Mr. Fairfax stepped on the thin snow on a canal. Suddenly， it collapsed（坍塌）and dropped him four feet to the bottom.

Realizing that he was in trouble and was going to hurt himself, Mr.Fairfax was suddenly picking up a lot of speed. His left leg was hit first, and he lay on his side to reach for his shotgun， unloaded it and used it as a crutch（拐杖）. He spent an hour and a half climbing the canal but slipped and slid back down when he was partly up. This time, one of his feet got stuck between two rocks. Mr. Fairfax told himself that if he didn't get himself out of that canal, he wasn't going to have a very good night.

Mr.Fairfax pulled his foot out and climbed more slowly and cautiously out of the canal. He immediately realized the difficulty of the task before him. The accident occurred about 2 p.m.,  and it was nearing 5 p.m. with the road far away as the sun was setting.

Mr.Fairfax focused on crawling to safety. Even with his gun supporting him, hopping was impractical. Instead, he sat down and pushed himself backward less than 40 inches at a time with his good leg. He was determined and sure that he must hold on. He was in exhaustion and had more frequent breaks. Temperatures dropped overnight, and his gloves and boots got wet. His hands and feet soon were completely numb.

注意：

1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Mr.Fairfax's dogs had been playing in the field and eventually came up to him.

However，gleams（微光）of daylight remained-Mr.Fairfax saw the sixth car.