(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解八年级下册Unit 1 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)

这是一份(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解八年级下册Unit 1 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)，共11页。


【单词变形】
【单词变性】
sick形容词变名词_____________________
climber名词变动词_____________________
death名词变形容词_____________________
decisin名词变动词_____________________
imprtance名词变形容词_____________________
spirit名词变形容词_____________________
accident名词变形容词_____________________
breathe动词变名词_____________________
mean动词变名词_____________________
【一词多义】
1. ff ____________ ____________ ____________ _____________
On Natinal Day, we have a week ff, s we plan t travel t smewhere interesting.
As sn as he went int the rm, he tk his cat ff his shulder.
The superstar has been ff fr an hur. Hwever, the fans are still there.
The clthes are sld 20% ff tday. Let’s g and buy sme.
以ff结尾动词词组
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
生病的；有病的
岩石
疼痛的；酸痛的
情况；状况
晒伤的
勇气；意志
离开（某处）；不工作；从……去掉
（交通）事故；意外遭遇
胃；腹部
胃痛；腹痛
绷带
咽喉；喉咙
血
牙痛
间歇；休息
问题；苦恼
登山者；攀登者
X射线；X光
死亡；死
限制；约束；管理
决定；抉择
咳嗽
发烧
危险；风险；冒险
脚；足
向；朝
头痛
她自己
重要性；重要
我们自己
千克；公斤
用绷带包扎
膝盖；膝
呼吸
刀
击；打
事情，事件
(使)疼痛；受伤
颈；脖子
躺；平躺
鼻出血
意思是；打算；意欲
护士
放松；休息
乘客；旅客
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
bandage
breathe
hit
hurt
lie
mean
rest
cntrl
cugh
risk
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
stmach
imprtance
rck
bandage
kil
situatin
bld
knee
spirit
break
knife
accident
climber
matter
stmachache
death
neck
thrat
decisin
nsebleed
tthache
fever
nurse
truble
ft
passenger
headache
break ff ___________________
clean ff___________________
cut ff___________________
get ff___________________
give ff___________________
g ff___________________
turn ff___________________
take ff___________________
shut ff___________________
set ff___________________
see sb. ff___________________
put ff___________________
2. break ____________ ____________
It’s 12:00. Let’s take a break.
Wh brke the vase?
break 的短语:
break in_____________
break ut_____________
break up_____________
break ff_____________
break dwn_____________
3. matter ____________ _____________ ____________
What’s the matter with yu?
It desn't matter.
It smehw matters that yu shuld get int a gd university.
4. risk _____________ ______________
Austin risks his life in a dangerus situatin.
Austin takes a risk t climb the Qmlangma.
5. hurt ______________ ____________ _______________
The little by hurt himself because he fell ff his bike.
Mary gt badly hurt after the car accident.
My finger is hurt because I carelessly cut myself.
6. lie __________ _________ ___________ ______________
The fat by always lies in bed as sn as he finishes eating.
Hangzhu lies in the nrth f Zhejiang.
He is nt an hnest by because he ften tells lies.
When he is late fr schl, he lies t his teacher.
7. mean _____________ _______________
I mean that we can bring a birthday cake fr Jane.
I dn't mean t hurt him.
8. rest ________ __________
Sme students are playing ftball n the playgrund while the rest f them are playing vlleyball.
We will take a rest between classes.
【词汇用法】
1. matter: what’s the matter?/It matters./It desn't matter.
2. 身体部位
3. sre: adj./a sre back
近义词辨析:
sre: adj./a sre back
hurt: adj./my back is hurt./v./my back hurts.
-ache: headache/backache/stmachache
pain: n./a pain in my back
4. hurt: v./The knife may hurt yur finger./My back is hurt by the big stne./My back hurts badly./adj./My back is badly hurt.
近义词辨析:
sre: adj./a sre back
hurt: adj./my back is hurt./v./my back hurts.
-ache: headache/backache/stmachache
pain: n./a pain in my back
【高频短语】
头
嘴巴
喉咙
眼睛
脸
肩膀
鼻子
脖子
手臂
耳朵
牙齿
手
肚子
腿
胃
脚
膝盖
take a break______________
make a decisin______________
have a fever______________
n ft______________
make truble______________
in truble______________
have truble (in) ding sth.______________
by accident ______________
in cntrl______________
ut f cntrl______________
take a risk______________
breathe in______________
breathe ut______________
get hurt______________
hit sb. n the back______________
hit sb. in the face______________
take a rest______________
mean t d______________
mean ding______________
【攻占语法】
情景对话
一、表建议的表达:
1. 情态动词(can/culd)
2. 情态动词(shuld)
3. Yu’d better d
4. Why nt d
5. Why dn’t yu d
6. What abut ding
7. Hw abut ding
二、表感谢的表达:
1. Thank yu
2. Thanks fr yur help
3. Yu’re welcme.
4. It’s my pleasure.
三、表邀请的表达:
1. Wuld yu like/lve t …
2. I’d like/lve t…
3. I’m srry, but…
四、表介意的表达:
1. Wuld yu mind (sb.) ding sth.
2. N, please.
3. Yes, +reasns
4. I’m srry, but…
5. nt a bit.
6. nt really
【词汇练习】
There was an a ________ in the street just nw. A car hit an ld man.
He cut himself in the kitchen. Give him a b ________, please.
Jack lst a lt f b ________ in the accident and we sent him t the hspital at nce.
Lisa played cmputer games all weekend. She really needs t take b ________ away frm the cmputer.
When they std at the tp f the high muntain, they felt it hard t b ________.
He is ne f the mst famus c ________ wh gt n the Qmlangma.
Tm c ________ his anger and didn’t lse his temper, thugh he was very angry.
I had a cld last week and c ________ badly, s I had t g t the dctr's.
Mary is very sad because f the d ________ f her dg. She has kept it fr five years.
Befre we make a d_________, we must think twice r we may cmmunicate with ur parents.
Little Tm caught a high f ________. His bdy temperature was as high as 39℃
He usually ges t schl n f ________.
I have a cld. My nse runs a lt and I have a bad h ________.
Jan lked at h ________ in the mirrr. She thught she was n lnger yung.
Please lk carefully while crssing the street, r yu may get h ________
His left knee was h ________ in a traffic accident and the dctr advised him nt t play sccer.
She decides t study harder after she realized the i ________ f learning English.
Tday my mther brught tw k _________ f eggs frm the supermarket.
The by hurt bth f his k ________ when playing basketball.
In western cuntries, yu shuld put yur k ________ and frks dwn n the plates if yu’ve finished eating.
The ship has l ________ at the bttm f the cean fr tw hundred years.
He was tired. S he l ________ dwn n the sfa and sn fell asleep.
When I gt hme, I fund my mther l ________ n her bed, feeling much pain in her head.
My teachers always help us with schlwrk n m ________ hw tired they are.
I started t understand what he m ________.
Giraffes can reach the leaves n the tree because f their lng n ________.
My sister is a n ________ and she wrks in the first peple's hspital.
Mr. Green gt ________ the bus and then left the statin fr the taxi in a hurry.
Health is the mst imprtant thing in the wrld, we must take gd care f ________.
All the p _________ are asked t get abard right nw as the plane is taking ff.
Mm, I feel tired after a day's wrk. Why nt stp t have a r ________?
I dn’t want t take the r________ f leaving Peter alne at hme because he is nly 2 years ld.
Teenagers shuld learn hw t prtect themselves in a dangerus s ________.
She was a very brave girl and everyne wh knew her admired(钦佩) her s ________.
Tm ate t much fr dinner, s he had a s ________ and went t a dctr last night.
I had a sre t ________ and I can’t speak ludly.
Annie has a t________, and she is ging t see her dentist tday.
That student smetimes t________ the teacher with hard questins.
Jack has t ________ remembering English wrds, s he asks his teacher fr help.
The manager gave the wrkers the day ________, s they culd relax themselves.
【语法练习】
—Wuld yu mind watching the children, just fr a secnd?
—____________
A. Sure, g ahead.B. Of curse nt, dear!
C. Oh, dn’t yu like children?D. Yeah, I hpe s.
—Sam, wuld yu mind if I cpied the dcument?
—_____.
A. Of curse nt, g ahead B. Yes, please
C. Of curse, d as yu like D. Yu’re welcme
—Wuld yu mind turning the radi dwn?
—__________.
Which answer is nt right?
A. Sure nt, g aheadB. N, nt at all
C. Yes, I dn't mindD. Srry, I'll d it right away.
—Thank yu fr the delicius dinner.
—______.
A. Dn’t say thatB. It desn’t matter
C. Yu are s kindD. I’m glad yu enjyed it
—We plan t g ut fr a picnic next weekend. Wuld yu like t cme alng?
—________. It’s my favrite.
A. Enjy yurselfB. It dependsC. Up t yuD. That wuld be very nice.
—I’m t stressed ut these days. Culd yu give me sme advice?
—_____. Tell me all abut it and I’ll d what I can.
A. Never mindB. N wayC. N prblemD. Frget it
—Wuld yu like sme mre ndles?
—N, thanks. I ______.
A. dn’t want tB. can’t eatC. am nt hungryD. I’m full
—D yu want t see a mvie tnight?
—______. Sure.
A. G ahead.B. Help yurselfC. Me, tD. What a gd idea
—S we have finally met! Why nt sit dwn and have a cup f cffee?
—____.
A. Sunds great!
B. It’s a pleasure t meet yu!
C. I’ve been hping t meet yu fr a lng time.
D. I’d like yu t meet my friend Jhn Hpkins.
【参考答案】
【单词变形】
【单词变性】
sick形容词变名词sickness
climber名词变动词climb
death名词变形容词dead
decisin名词变动词decide
imprtance名词变形容词imprtant
spirit名词变形容词spiritual
accident名词变形容词accidental
breathe动词变名词breath
mean动词变名词meaning
【一词多义】
1. ff 休息，不工作 从…上掉下来 离开 打折
On Natinal Day, we have a week ff, s we plan t travel t smewhere interesting.
As sn as he went int the rm, he tk his cat ff his shulder.
The superstar has been ff fr an hur. Hwever, the fans are still there.
The clthes are sld 20% ff tday. Let’s g and buy sme.
以ff结尾动词词组
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
生病的；有病的
sick
adj.
岩石
rck
n.
疼痛的；酸痛的
sre
adj.
情况；状况
situatin
n.
晒伤的
sunburned
adj.
勇气；意志
spirit
n.
离开（某处）；不工作；从……去掉
ff
adv.&prep.
（交通）事故；意外遭遇
accident
n.
胃；腹部
stmach
n.
胃痛；腹痛
stmachache
n.
绷带
bandage
n.
咽喉；喉咙
thrat
n.
血
bld
n.
牙痛
tthache
n.
间歇；休息
break
n.
问题；苦恼
truble
n.
登山者；攀登者
climber
n.
X射线；X光
X-ray
n.
死亡；死
death
n.
限制；约束；管理
cntrl
n.&v.
决定；抉择
decisin
n.
咳嗽
cugh
n.&v.
发烧
fever
n.
危险；风险；冒险
risk
n.&v.
脚；足
ft
n.
向；朝
nt
prep.
头痛
headache
n.
她自己
herself
prn.
重要性；重要
imprtance
n.
我们自己
urselves
prn.
千克；公斤
kil
n.
用绷带包扎
bandage
v.
膝盖；膝
knee
n.
呼吸
breathe
v.
刀
knife
n.
击；打
hit
v.
事情，事件
matter
n.
(使)疼痛；受伤
hurt
v.
颈；脖子
neck
n.
躺；平躺
lie
v.
鼻出血
nsebleed
n.
意思是；打算；意欲
mean
v.
护士
nurse
n.
放松；休息
rest
v.&n.
乘客；旅客
passenger
n.
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
bandage
bandages
bandaged
bandaged
bandanging
breathe
breathes
breathed
breathed
breathing
hit
hits
hit
hit
hitting
hurt
hurts
hurt
hurt
hurting
lie
lies
lied/lay
lied/lain
lying
mean
means
meant
meant
meaning
rest
rests
rested
rested
resting
cntrl
cntrls
cntrlled
cntrlled
cntrlling
cugh
cughs
cughed
cughed
cughing
risk
risks
risked
risked
risking
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
stmach
stmaches
imprtance
/
rck
rcks
bandage
bandages
kil
kiles
situatin
situatins
bld
/
knee
knees
spirit
spirits
break
breaks
knife
knives
accident
accidents
climber
climbers
matter
matters
stmachache
/
death
deaths
neck
necks
thrat
thrats
decisin
decisins
nsebleed
/
tthache
/
fever
/
nurse
nurses
truble
trubles
ft
feet
passenger
passengers
headache
/
break ff 中止，中断
clean ff打扫干净
cut ff切断
get ff下车
give ff释放(气体)
g ff(闹铃)响了
turn ff关掉
take ff脱衣服，起飞
shut ff关闭
set ff出发
see sb. ff送行
put ff推迟
2. break 休息 打破
It’s 12:00. Let’s take a break.
Wh brke the vase?
break 的短语:
break in破门而入
break ut爆发
break up关系破裂
break ff中止，中断
break dwn抛锚
3. matter 问题 关系 重要
What’s the matter with yu?
It desn't matter.
It smehw matters that yu shuld get int a gd university.
4. risk 冒险 冒险
Austin risks his life in a dangerus situatin.
Austin takes a risk t climb the Qmlangma.
5. hurt 伤害 受伤 疼痛
The little by hurt himself because he fell ff his bike.
Mary gt badly hurt after the car accident.
My finger is hurt because I carelessly cut myself.
6. lie 躺 坐落 谎话 说谎
The fat by always lies in bed as sn as he finishes eating.
Hangzhu lies in the nrth f Zhejiang.
He is nt an hnest by because he ften tells lies.
When he is late fr schl, he lies t his teacher.
7. mean 意思是 打算
I mean that we can bring a birthday cake fr Jane.
I dn't mean t hurt him.
8. rest 剩余的 休息
Sme students are playing ftball n the playgrund while the rest f them are playing vlleyball.
We will take a rest between classes.
【词汇用法】
2. 身体部位
【高频短语】
头
head
嘴巴
muth
喉咙
thrat
眼睛
eye
脸
face
肩膀
shulder
鼻子
nsse
脖子
neck
手臂
arm
耳朵
ear
牙齿
tth
手
hand
肚子
belly
腿
leg
胃
stmach
脚
ft
膝盖
knee
take a break休息一下
make a decisin做决定
have a fever发烧
n ft走路
make truble制造麻烦
in truble处于麻烦中
have truble (in) ding sth.在…方面有麻烦
by accident 偶然地
in cntrl处于控制中
ut f cntrl不受控制
take a risk冒险
breathe in呼进
breathe ut呼出
get hurt受伤
hit sb. n the back打在某人的背上
hit sb. in the face打在某人的脸上
take a rest休息一下
mean t d打算做某事
mean ding意思是
【词汇练习】
Accident bandage bld breaks breathe climbers cntrlled cughed death decisin fever ft headache herself hit hurt imprtance kils knees knives lain lay lying matter mattered nek nurse ff urselves passengers rest risks situatin spirit stmachache thrat tthache trubles truble ff
【语法练习】
BCABD CCDA