还剩19页未读，
继续阅读
广东省深圳市2022-2023学年高三下学期第二次调研考试（二模）英语试卷（Word版附解析）
展开
这是一份广东省深圳市2022-2023学年高三下学期第二次调研考试（二模）英语试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年深圳市高三年级第二次调研考试
英语
试卷卷面满分120分，折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Your Garden Escape
Even in the big city you can find oases(绿洲)of calm and beauty. From a royal palace to a classical garden,we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.
Horniman Gardens
Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.Visitors can enjoy the Sound Garden,Meadow Field, and even a Prehistoric Garden, which features a display of “living fossils.”The gardens are very popular with families, and dogs can be let off their leads in the Meadow Field.
Chiswick Garden
As a classical garden landscape in London it was here that the English Landscape Movement was born with William Kent’s designs. Enjoy fresh bread, seasonal food, and natural wines in the award-winning cafe, while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape,spotted with impressive art and statues.
Buckingham Palace Garden
The 39-acre garden boasts more than 350 types of wildflowers, over 200 trees and a three-acre lake. The garden also provides a habitat for native birds rarely seen in London. A tour of the garden can be completed by having a cream tea in the cafe overlooking the Palace’s famous grassland and lake.
Kew Garden
The Royal Botanic Garden at Kew is one of the world’s most famous gardens and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Have a walk through the vast garden, spot local wildlife at the lake, or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson. Be sure to visit the Temperate House, which contains some of the rarest and most threatened plants.
1. What can visitors do in both Horniman Gardens and Chiswick Garden?
A. Study living fossils.
B. Taste delicious food.
C. Enjoy impressive art.
D. Appreciate fine views.
2. Where should visitors go if they want to join in hands-on activities?
A. Horniman Gardens.
B. Chiswick Garden.
C. Buckingham Palace Garden.
D. Kew Garden.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To inform visitors of famous gardens.
B. To entertain interested garden visitors.
C. To stress the necessity of garden escape.
D. To show the benefits of touring gardens.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要向读者介绍了伦敦一些著名的公园景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.（霍尼曼花园占地16英亩，享有伦敦的壮丽景色。）”和第三段的“Enjoy fresh bread, seasonal food, and natural wines in the award-winning cafe, while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape , spotted with impressive art and statues.（享受新鲜的面包，时令食品，和天然葡萄酒在屡获殊荣的咖啡馆，而欣赏自然主义的风景之美，发现令人印象深刻的艺术和雕像。）”，可知，游客可以在霍尼曼花园和奇斯威克花园欣赏美景。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Have a walk through the vast garden, spot local wildlife at the lake, or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson.（在广阔的花园中漫步，在湖边观赏当地的野生动物，或者尝试上一节园艺课，让自己的双手脏起来。）”，可知，如果游客想参加实践活动，他们应该去Kew Garden。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“From a royal palace to a classical garden, we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.（从皇家宫殿到古典花园，我们推荐巨大的绿色空间来逃离伦敦的喧嚣。）”，可知，文章的目的是向游客介绍著名园林。故选A。
B
My childhood was a painted picture of sunny sky and rolling green fields stretching to the horizon. It tasted of sharp berries and smelt of sour grapes.My family lived in a cabin(小木屋) in the countryside but I lived in my mother’s arms. They were so delicate but strong, her red hair falling around me like a curtain separating me from the world.
Childhood was simple.The borders of my village were the furthest my troubles went and monsters only lived in the pages of books. Every day was a waking dream of running races and muddy knees.My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions. There weren’t many children but me and the other boys; boys of butchers and sellers formed our own group.
They called us wild. I suppose we were. Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods,deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once.
My most vivid memories from boyhood center around that lake. Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outcry from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged(淹没)， time would suspend， movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.
I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning.
For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would suspend, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.
We should have known that it wouldn’t last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there’s something so tragic about growing up: to have your perspective on the people and life around you change;to always struggle to reach a mirror only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day. And find, a different person staring back out at you.
4. What does the underlined word “archaic” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Borderless.
B. Valueless.
C. Old-fashioned.
D. Poverty-stricken.
5. Why did the author consider himself and other children wild?
A. They played in the woods crazily.
B. They tricked others purposefully.
C. They frequently broke social rules.
D. They firmly refused school education.
6. How does the author introduce his memories of the lake?
A. By sharing feelings.
B. By expressing ideas.
C. By making comparisons.
D. By describing characters.
7. What message does the author seem to convey in the last paragraph?
A. Loneliness and challenges make a man grow up.
B. The regret of growth is that you have never tried.
C. Growth is often accompanied by sad goodbyes to the past.
D. Growth begins when we begin to accept our own weakness.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描绘了作者对于童年美好生活的回忆以及对于长大后童年时光逝去的感伤。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据考查词汇所在句子“My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions.（我的村庄很古老，垂死的小屋住着垂死的农民，他们的传统已经消亡。）”，并结合上下文语境可知此处是描写我小时候生活的村庄很陈旧。archaic意为“陈旧的”。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods, deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once.（树木和山脉构成了我们的游乐场，打架就像突然的笑声一样容易爆发。从社会的束缚中解放出来，我们会跳进树林里，越陷越深，直到发现一个湖，我们会大叫一声，立刻跳进湖里。）”，可知，之所以作者认为自己和其他孩子都是野孩子，是因为他们在树林里疯狂地玩耍。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四至六段的“Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outcry from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged(淹没)， time would suspend， movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.（水面闪闪发光，我们的尖叫声被鸟儿的叫声打断了。冷水对着出汗的皮肤的冲击会唤醒我身体的每一根神经，我的光脚会撞到下沉的泥泞的底部。当我们潜入水中时，时间会停止，随着我们周围的气泡上升，运动变慢。）”和“I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning.（我快淹死了。我还活着。我还活着。我快淹死了。）”以及“For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would suspend, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.（在一段时间或一秒钟内(两者的感觉都是一样的)，我们会暂停，蜷缩起来，然后被迫重新呼吸空气。）”可知，作者从自己当时的所见、所听、所感等多个层面描绘了自己童年时对于湖的回忆。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“We should have known that it wouldn’t last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there’s something so tragic about growing up: to have your perspective on the people and life around you change;to always struggle to reach a mirror only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day. And find, a different person staring back out at you.（我们早该知道爱情不会永远持续下去。然而，即使在最好的情况下，成长也有一些悲剧:你对周围人和生活的看法发生了变化;你总是挣扎着去拿镜子，却发现自己已经足够高，有一天可以看到自己的倒影。然后发现，另一个人正盯着你。）”，可知，作者在最后一段似乎传达了“成长常常伴随着对过去的悲伤告别。”故选C。
C
In shallow coastal waters of the Indian ocean, Dugong, a kind of sea cow, is in trouble. Environmental problems pose such a major threat to its survival that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) upgraded the species’ extinction risk status(地位)to vulnerable (脆弱的).
Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitoring their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environment. But these people are also threatened, in part because rising sea levels are making it difficult for them to live there.
This situation isn’t unique to Dugongs. A global analysis of 385 culturally important plant and animal species found 68 percent were both biologically vulnerable and at risk of losing their cultural protection.
The findings clearly illustrate that biology shouldn’t be the primary factor in shaping conservation policy,says anthropologist Victoria Reyes-García.When a culture declines,the species that are important to that culture are also threatened.“Lots of conservationists think we need to separate people from nature,” says Reyes-García. “But that strategy misses the caring relationship many cultural groups have with nature.”
One way to help shift conservation efforts is to give species a “bio-cultural status,”which would provide a fuller picture of their vulnerability. In the study, the team used a new way to determine a species’ risk of disappearing: the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened.The more a culture is threatened, the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. Researchers then combined a species’ cultural and biological vulnerability to arrive at its bio-cultural status. In the Dugong’s case, its bio-cultural status is endangered, meaning it is more at risk than its IUCN categorization suggests.
This new approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. It can highlight when communities need support to continue their care. Scientists hope it will bring more efforts that recognize local communities’ rights and encourage their participation-taking advantage of humans’ connection with nature instead of creating more separation.
8. What is the relationship between the native people and Dugongs?
A. The native people help conserve Dugongs.
B. The native people train Dugongs to survive.
C. Dugongs ruin the native people’s environment.
D. Dugongs force the native people to leave home.
9. Which statement will Reyes-García probably agree with?
A. The protection policy is used incorrectly.
B. Culture is connected to species’ existence.
C. Many groups take good care of each other.
D. Conservationists prefer nature over people.
10 How is the study method different from previous ones?
A. It involves more preservation efforts.
B. It relies on the IUCN’s classification.
C. It highlights the effect of human languages.
D. It assesses the biological influence of a species.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the latest approach?
A. Conservative.
B. Favourable.
C. Critical.
D. Ambiguous.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过海牛Dugong的例子讲述了文化与物种生存的内在关联。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitored their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environments.”（更糟糕的是，Dugongs正面临着失去托雷斯海峡岛民保护的危险，这些岛民以前一直在照顾Dugongs，现在持续地猎杀它们作为食物，并监控它们的数量。这些当地人保持着他们的生物多样性，对他们的环境有深刻的了解。）可知，当地人与Dugongs的关系是当地人帮助保护Dugongs。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“When a culture declines, the species that are important to that culture are also threatened.”（当一种文化衰落时，对该文化重要的物种也受到威胁。）可知，Reyes-García可能会同意“文化与物种的生存息息相关。”故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“In the study, the team used a new way to determine a species’ risk of disappearing: the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened. The more a culture is threatened, the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. Researchers then combined a species’ cultural and biological vulnerability to arrive at its bio-cultural status.”（在这项研究中，研究小组使用了一种新的方法来确定一个物种消失的风险：一个文化群体的语言使用下降得越多，该文化受到的威胁就越大。一种文化受到的威胁越多，其重要物种在文化上就越脆弱。然后，研究人员将一个物种的文化和生物脆弱性结合起来，得出它的生物文化状态。），可知，与以前的学习方法相比，现在的研究方法突出了人类语言的影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的“This new approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. It can highlight when communities need support to continue their care.”（这种新的保护方法涉及到历史上一直照顾它们的人。它可以突出社区何时需要支持以继续提供护理。），可知，作者赞成最新的方法。故选B。
D
Adapting to technological advances is a defining part of the 21s-century life. Just two months after being launched in November 2022, OpenAI’s ChatGPT has already reached an audience of over 100 million people. While ChatGPT threatens to change writing and writing-related work, the Mesopotamians, who lived 4,000 years ago in a geographical area centered in modern-day Iraq, went through this kind of far-reaching change before us.
Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.
In its literature, Mesopotamians don’t present cultural and technological advances as consistently beneficial.They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions. In some ways，the representation of new technologies in its literature echoes(映现)contemporary concerns about AI: fears of increasing social inequalities and its potential use in information war.
In recent years，AI-the newest form of writing-has been used to decipher(破译)the oldest: cuneiform literature.In broader fields,the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.In January,for example, a top international AI conference banned the use of AI tools for writing scientific papers.
Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.
12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning Mesopotamians?
A. Their adaptation to threats.
B. Their influences on writing.
C. Their contribution to literature.
D. Their achievements in civilization.
13. What can be inferred about technological advances from paragraph 3?
A. They prevent human conflict.
B. They bring about hidden dangers.
C. They take away people’s concerns.
D. They lower people’s social status.
14. What is the current situation of AI according to paragraph 4?
A. Its use in literature is popular.
B. It is not allowed to finish papers.
C. Its range of application is undefined.
D. It is not accepted in broader fields.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. How People Can Use the Latest Technology
B. How ChatGPT Will Threaten Writing and Work
C. What AI Will Do by Learning Cuneiform Literature
D. What History Can Teach Us About New Tech’s Impact
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示当今的科技发展及影响。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的“Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.（古代美索不达米亚是许多早期文明发展的发源地。它的人民在适应技术和文化变化方面处于世界领先地位。他们发明了车轮和农业，开创了数学和城市化的先河。这些突破反映在楔形文字文学中，这是已知最古老的书写形式之一。）”，可知，关于美索不达米亚人，第二段主要讨论了“他们的文明成就”。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions.（它们通常代表着为人类冲突服务而被控制的新技术，主要为那些社会地位高的人的利益服务。）”，可知，从第3段可以推断出技术进步的“它们带来了隐患。”。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“In broader fields, the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.（在更广泛的领域，人工智能如何使用的界限还没有得到明确的解释。）”，可知，根据第4段，AI的现状是“它的应用范围是不明确的。”故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通过对文章结构和内容的分析，再根据最后一段“Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.（自最早的文明以来，人类一直在努力发明、使用和适应技术。但是技术和由此产生的知识并不总是均匀分布的。了解我们如何适应过去不断变化的技术有助于我们更全面地了解人类的状况，甚至可能帮助我们为未来做好准备。）”，可知本文主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示今天的科技发展及影响。所以短文的标题为“关于新技术的影响，历史能告诉我们什么”。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you noticed how evenings cool off more in rural areas than they do in cities? Urban areas also tend to get hotter during the day than any nearby areas with lots of greenery____16____
It’s mainly caused by the difference in materials that cover the ground in urban areas and the countryside. In the country, evaporation(蒸发)of water from soil and the leaves of plants helps to cool the air.____17____Having fewer plants, cities have less evaporation and are unable to cool down the temperature.
Dark colours are another problem. Dark objects absorb all wavelengths of light, making the temperature increase more noticeably. In contrast, white objects reflect all wavelengths of light energy.____18____Sadly, most parts of cities are covered by asphalt(沥青), steel, roofs and bricks which are often dark in colour.
____19____As people drive cars, heat buildings, and run air conditioners, cities are generating waste heat and pouring it into the atmosphere directly. The waste heat adds to the solar energy trapped by the tall buildings.
But cities don’t have to be so hot. Some cities have lightened their streets. This is done by covering black asphalt streets, parking lots, and dark roofs with a more reflective gray coating. ____20____
Having more green spaces also helps. Plants serve as a natural air conditioner. They catch heat, release vapour(蒸汽)into the air, and take away heat, contributing to cooler, fresher cities.
A. Cities also produce more heat than suburban areas.
B. The higher the temperature, the shorter the wavelength.
C. This phenomenon is known as the urban heat-island effect.
D. So it will not be transformed into heat which makes the air hot.
E. Changes in building materials have a minimal effect on city temperatures.
F. Much of the soil in cities, by contrast, has been covered with roads and buildings.
G. These changes can decrease air temperatures dramatically, especially in summer.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了热岛效应。
【16题详解】
段末句，考查段落结论句。根据上文提示“Have you noticed how evenings cool off more in rural areas than they do in cities? Urban areas also tend to get hotter during the day than any nearby areas with lots of greenery.”（你有没有注意到，农村的夜晚比城市凉爽得多?城市地区在白天也往往比附近有很多绿色植物的地区更热。）可知，本文是一篇介绍热岛效应的科普文。首段的行文逻辑为从现象到结论，从而引出热岛效应这一地理名词。所以，C项“This phenomenon is known as the urban heat-island effect.”（这种现象被称为城市热岛效应。）符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
段中句，考查转折性过渡句。F选项“Much of the soil in cities, by contrast, has been covered with roads and buildings.”（相比之下，城市的大部分土壤已经被道路和建筑物覆盖。）的“城市的土地被道路和建筑覆盖”与前一句“evaporation of water from soil and the leaves of plants helps to cool to air”（土壤和植物叶子中的水分蒸发有助于冷却到空气中）形成转折关系。这两句回应第二段主题句“It’s mainly caused by the difference in materials that cover the ground in urban areas and the countryside.”（这主要是由于城市和农村覆盖地面的材料不同造成的。）故选F。
【18题详解】
段中句，考查结论性过渡句。空前句子“In contrast, white objects reflect all wavelengths of light energy”（相反，白色物体反射所有波长的光能）和D选项“So it will not be transformed into heat which makes the air hot.”（所以它不会转化为使空气变热的热量。）形成因果关系。即，白色物品会反射所有波长的光，因此能量不会被转换成热量，从而让空气变热。故选D。
【19题详解】
段首句，考查段落主题句。A选项“Cities also produce more heat than suburban areas.”（城市也比郊区产生更多的热量。）中的“produce more heat（产生更多的热量）”与选项下一句“As people drive cars, heat buildings, and run air conditioners, cities are generating waste heat and pouring it into the atmosphere directly.”（随着人们开车、给建筑物供暖和使用空调，城市正在产生废热，并将其直接排放到大气中。）中的“generate waste heat（产生废热）”形成对应关系。开车，供暖或是开空调都是产生热量的行为。故选A。
【20题详解】
段末句，考查递进逻辑关系。本段的讨论内容为解决热岛效应的方法。G选项中的“these changes（这些变化）”对应了选项前面一句的方法，即，“covering black asphalt streets, parking lots, and dark roofs with a more reflective gray coating”（覆盖黑色沥青街道、停车场和深色屋顶的反光性更强的灰色涂层）。同时，G选项“These changes can decrease air temperatures dramatically, especially in summer.”（这些变化会使气温急剧下降，尤其是在夏天。）进一步解释了这些举措所能带来的好处，与前文形成递进关系。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up, I was fortunate to have dinner with my family almost every day. Sometimes, the family dinner circle____21____to include relatives stopping by. Yet, I knew some friends whose parents got home after dinner or even____22____the entire evening. So I____23____the quality time around our kitchen table, which witnessed countless valuable____24____in my life.
____25____,my kids cannot relate to my childhood memories. They have been left to____26____with babysitters more times than I would like to admit. My husband and I have____27____careers. And we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime. When this happens too often, it____28____the balance of our family.
Apart from suffering from____29____,what else can a hardworking family do? I think we can all try to_____30_____our own ways to spend time together. Surely there are days when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family. But I would make efforts to_____31_____and chat later that day,_____32_____ setting aside cellphones every time. And I even find a bedtime reading with my kids much_____33_____.I am also proud to have our “big breakfast” routine every Saturday. My husband serves as the head chef, and my younger son_____34_____ him to make the breakfast.
I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly and will be out of the_____35_____someday. But now, I am happy to have so many wonderful things on my plate.
21. A. widened B. formed C. lessened D. closed
22. A. missed B. avoided C. enjoyed D. recorded
23. A. wasted B. treasured C. limited D. calculated
24. A. shows B. dishes C. recipes D. moments
25. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides
26. A. sleep B. dine C. study D. play
27. A. suitable B. flexible C. satisfying D. demanding
28. A. maintains B. disturbs C. improves D. strikes
29. A. fear B. anger C. guilt D. hunger
30. A. predict B. create C. evaluate D. accept
31. A. work out B. calm down C. hold on D. catch up
32. A. unwillingly B. casually C. consciously D. carelessly
33. A. louder B. shorter C. simpler D. sweeter
34. A. assists B. guides C. allows D. orders
35. A. office B. kitchen C. house D. park
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，体现亲情的可贵。作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大，并且离开家。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，家庭聚餐的圈子扩大到包括亲戚。A. widened拓宽；B. formed组成，构成；C. lessened减少；D. closed关闭。根据后文to include relatives stopping by可知，家里的餐桌会扩大，以容纳这些来访的亲戚。故选A。
22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我认识一些朋友，他们的父母晚饭后才回家，甚至整个晚上都没有回家。A. missed错过，想念；B. avoided避免；C. enjoyed享受，喜爱；D. recorded记录。 根据空前parents got home after dinner or even...可知，此处和前文形成递进关系。即，父母会在晚饭时间之后回家，甚至是错过一整个晚上。故选 A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我很珍惜围坐在餐桌旁的美好时光，它见证了我生命中无数珍贵的时刻。A. wasted浪费；B. treasured珍惜，重视；C. limited限制；D. calculated计算。设空处前文提到I knew some friends whose parents got home after dinner or even missed the entire evening。因此，作者十分珍惜餐桌旁的亲子时光。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我很珍惜围坐在餐桌旁的美好时光，它见证了我生命中无数珍贵的时刻。A. shows表演；B. dishes菜肴；C. recipes食谱；D. moments片刻。根据空前的quality time可知, 餐桌旁见证了我人生中无数珍贵的瞬间。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的孩子们无法将我的童年记忆联系起来。A. However然而；B. Otherwise要不然的话，否则；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides另外，此外。结合空前kitchen table witnessed countless valuable moments in my life，与空后They have been left to ________with babysitters可知，作者小时候可以和父母共进晚餐，但是作者的孩子只能和保姆一起吃晚餐。因此形成转折关系。翻译为“但是，对我的孩子们来说，他们并不能对我童年的回忆感同身受”。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不和保姆一起吃饭的次数比我愿意承认的还要多。A. sleep睡觉；B. dine进餐，吃饭；C. study学习，研究；D. play玩。根据空个前后“They have been left to____6____with babysitters more times than I would like to admit.”可知，全文围绕“一家人共进晚餐”这话题展开，所以这里指“吃饭”。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫和我的工作要求很高。A. suitable合适的；B. flexible灵活的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. demanding要求高的。根据设空前的内容，作者和丈夫无法陪孩子共进晚餐与根据空后内容we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime可推断，作者和丈夫有着要求很高的工作。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况经常发生时，它会扰乱我们家庭的平衡。A. maintains保持，维持；B. disturbs干扰；C. improves提高，改善；D. strikes击打，打动。根据空前内容“And we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime. When this happens too often,”，可知，当父母总是无法陪孩子用餐时，就会打乱家中的平衡。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了内疚，一个勤劳的家庭还能做什么?A. fear害怕；B. anger生气；C. guilt内疚，罪行；D. hunger饥饿。联系前文My children have been left to dine with babysitters more times than I would like to admit可知，我因不能与孩子共进晚餐而感到愧疚。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我们都可以试着创造自己的方式来共度时光。A. predict预测；B. create创造；C. evaluate评估；D. accept接受。根据后文chat, bedtime reading和“big breakfast”routine every Saturday可知，作者是在创造自己的方式与孩子度过亲子时光。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但那天晚些时候，我会努力赶上他们聊天，每次都有意识地把手机放在一边。A. work out计算出，锻炼；B. calm down 使冷静；C. hold on不挂断电话，继续；D. catch up赶上，把……缠住。根据空前 there are days when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family可知，有时候我无法和家人一起用餐，所以我会努力去弥补失去的亲子时光。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但那天晚些时候，我会努力赶上他们聊天，每次都有意识地把手机放在一边。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. casually随意地；C. consciously有意识地；D. carelessly粗心地。根据空前I would make efforts to catch up and chat later可知，我会有意识地收起手机，避免外界的干扰。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至觉得睡前和孩子们一起读书更甜蜜。A. louder 大声点；B. shorter更短的；C. simpler更简单的；D. sweeter更甜的。根据前文when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family，这让作者认为与孩子的睡前阅读时光更加地宝贵。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫担任厨师长，我小儿子帮他做早餐。A. assists帮助；B. guides指导；C. allows允许；D. orders命令。根据空前内容My husband serves as the head chef可知，作者的丈夫作为主厨，儿子辅助父亲完成早餐。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的儿子们正在迅速长大，总有一天会离开家。A. office办公室；B. kitchen厨房；C. house房子；D. park公园。根据空前“I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly（我意识到我的儿子们正在迅速长大）”和空后的“I am happy to have so many wonderful things on my plate.（我很高兴盘子里有这么多好吃的东西。）”，可知，文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，体现亲情的可贵。最后一段作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大，并且离开家。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year during the Spring Festival, a small village east of Beijing puts on a special show. It’s about-15°C, and a man dressed in a straw hat and sheepskin coat____36____ (throw)spoon after spoon of heavy molten iron(铁水) at a massive，icy wall.The collision(碰撞)between the 1,600℃ liquid metal and the frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks(火花)____37____(fall) over him, equally beautiful and dangerous.
This is a performance____38____requires extraordinary courage, skill and strength. Known as Da Shuhua, it has a history of 500 years in Nuanquan, a highly-developed steel town.Da Shuhua translates literally into “beating down the tree flowers,”____39____agricultural activity of hitting fruit trees to stimulate growth.
In ancient times, fireworks weren’t always____40____(wide) affordable. So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a way____41____(celebrate) festivals.As a result,they brought firework displays____42____a whole new level.
Today,Da Shuhua has become more popular than ever,due to____43____(ban)on fireworks to reduce air pollution in some parts of China. Every year, this unique firework display attracts tons of people in spite of the freezing cold weather____44____draws attention for its protection. Since 2021,it_____45_____(list) as an intangible cultural heritage of China.
【答案】36. throws##is throwing
37. falling
38. which/that
39. an 40. widely
41. to celebrate
42. to 43. bans
44. and 45. has been listed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍“打树花”表演。这是一项需要非凡勇气、技巧和力量的表演。自2021年起，它被列为中国非物质文化遗产。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态。句意：气温约为零下15摄氏度，一个头戴草帽、身穿羊皮大衣的男人正把一勺又一勺的铁水扔向一堵巨大的冰墙。根据空前的It’s和空后的creates可知，本段应该使用throws，一般现在时态；或is throwing，现在进行时，用以描绘打树花的画面。故填throws/is throwing。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语的现在分词形式。句意：1600℃的液态金属和冰冻的砖块之间的碰撞产生了火花瀑布，同样美丽又危险。此处为“产生掉落在他身上的火花”，其中sparks和fall之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语。故填falling。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句的连接词。句意：这是一项需要非凡勇气、技巧和力量的表演。先行词为performance, 指物，在定语从句中充当主语成分，从句由关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
【39题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：树花的字面意思是“打树花”，这是一种通过击打果树来刺激生长的农业活动。打树花是一种农业活动，且agriculture以元音开头。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：在古代，烟花并不总是普遍负担得起的。此处需要用副词来修饰形容词affordable。故填widely。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语的不定式。句意：因此，暖泉人利用废铁，发展了打树花作为庆祝节日的一种方式。固定结构为a way to do sth.。故填to celebrate。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：结果，他们把烟花表演带到了一个全新的水平。固定搭配：bring sth. to“把……带到……”。故填 to。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：对烟花的“禁令”使得现在打树花变得愈加受欢迎。固定短语：due to“由于”；“禁令ban”是可数名词，此处应该用名词复数。故填bans。
【44题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：每年，尽管天气寒冷，这个独特的烟花表演吸引了成千上万的人，并引起了人们对其保护的注意。空前的attracts tons of people与空后的draws attention for its protection形成并列关系。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词的被动语态。句意：自2021年起，它被列为中国非物质文化遗产。句子主语it和谓语动词list之间是被动关系，再根据空前since可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been listed。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐拍摄内容；
2.陈述理由；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Hans,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Hans,
I am very glad to hear that you are going to introduce high school students’ campus life with short videos.
I’d like you to recommend something to shoot. First of all, I recommend the video of students’ morning exercise to you. I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects their mental outlook of the day. Then there are videos of students in class. This is also the most critical period for students, which can show their learning status. Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students. Extracurricular activities discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
Finally, I wish your program a success.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：推荐拍摄内容；陈述理由；表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→significant/vital
各种各样的：various → all kinds of/all sorts of
发现：discover→explore
影响：affect→ influence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students. Extracurricular activities discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
拓展句：Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students, which discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This is also the most critical period for students, which can show their learning status.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects the students’ mental outlook of the day.（运用了宾语从句和非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ballet was a way of life in Kelly’s family. Her elder sister Serena was now dancing at a top college.Though Kelly’s mom always wanted her to follow in her sister’s footsteps and Kelly herself was good at ballet,her love for ballet had faded years before,and she was eager for a new challenge.
One day at school,as Kelly left the dance studio,she walked past the gym,fascinated by boxers(拳击手)training inside the boxing ring. She was deeply impressed by how hard they hit and how fast they moved. In fact, she’d long been attracted to boxing.
She pulled a piece of paper from her backpack.On the familiar Oakwood High School Club Sign-up Sheet was the phrase：BOXING CLUB TRYOUT(选拔).That was what Kelly really wanted to do.She knew her mom had high expectations for her when it came to ballet. Tired of trying to keep up with her sister, Kelly was ready to carve her own path.
The next day,she gathered her courage and told Serena about her new passion. At first, Serena didn’t understand and thought she was just joking. But when she saw Kelly was serious, she replied, “You know Mom wants you to be a ballet dancer,right? Besides, boxing is only for boys,and you’re so good at ballet.Lean into your strength,Kelly.”
“But this is where I want to put my strength,” Kelly insisted,“and what exactly does ‘only for boys’mean,anyway? Boxing is a sport for everyone!”
Gradually,touched by her determination and passion, Serena began to understand and support her.Kelly could feel it. Her sister was going to respect her decision,no matter what.But that was nothing compared to the preparations for the tryout,where she was required to show her footwork and punching(击打)abilities with other candidates. Boxing didn＇t come natural to Kelly,but she had made up her mind to stick with her choice.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Kelly began her training for the tryout keeping it a secret from her mom.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The following Monday, results of the boxing tryout were posted.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Then Kelly began her training for the tryout, keeping it a secret from her mom. Ballet was the Kelly way of life, so only her sister knew about boxing, and her mother would have stopped it. Because boxing didn't come naturally to Kelly, she just came to love it, so she often got knocked down during training and suffered. Now that you've made a choice, you can't give up. She has an unyielding spirit and must participate in the qualifiers.
The following Monday, results of the boxing tryout were posted. Kelly was afraid to look at the published list for fear of losing out. Then a woman tapped her on the shoulder and told her she had been chosen. The voice sounded familiar to her. It was her mother. Her sister stood by smiling. Before she knew it, her mother told her she had known she had been boxing. Her mother very much support her. Now through the qualifiers, the family happily went home to celebrate. This really echoes the saying, "Interest is the best teacher".
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了凯利从热爱芭蕾到喜欢拳击的转变。渐渐地被她的决心和热情所感动的姐姐塞蕾娜也开始理解和支持她。在预选赛中，她被要求与其他候选人展示自己的步法和出拳能力。拳击对凯利来说并不是天生的，但她已经下定决心坚持自己的选择。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后凯莉开始了她的选拔赛训练，并对她的妈妈保密。”可知，第一段可描写凯利开始拳击训练，并吃了很多苦，但没有放弃。
②由第二段首句内容“接下来的星期一，拳击选拔赛的结果公布了。”可知，第二段可描写凯利通过了预选赛，同时得到了妈妈的支持。
2.续写线索：瞒着妈妈——训练——受伤——坚持——通过预选——妈妈支持
3.词汇激活
行为类
（1）阻止：stop/prevent
（2）回家：go back home/return home
（3）参加：participate in /take part in
情绪类
（1）害怕：be afraid /fear/be scared
（2）高兴：happily /delighted/glad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Because boxing didn't come naturally to Kelly, she just came to love it, so she often got knocked down during training and suffered.（句中使用原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Before she knew it, her mother told her she knew she was boxing.（句中使用时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. Now that you've made a choice, you can't give up.（句中使用原因状语从句）
2023年深圳市高三年级第二次调研考试
英语
试卷卷面满分120分，折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Your Garden Escape
Even in the big city you can find oases(绿洲)of calm and beauty. From a royal palace to a classical garden,we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.
Horniman Gardens
Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.Visitors can enjoy the Sound Garden,Meadow Field, and even a Prehistoric Garden, which features a display of “living fossils.”The gardens are very popular with families, and dogs can be let off their leads in the Meadow Field.
Chiswick Garden
As a classical garden landscape in London it was here that the English Landscape Movement was born with William Kent’s designs. Enjoy fresh bread, seasonal food, and natural wines in the award-winning cafe, while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape,spotted with impressive art and statues.
Buckingham Palace Garden
The 39-acre garden boasts more than 350 types of wildflowers, over 200 trees and a three-acre lake. The garden also provides a habitat for native birds rarely seen in London. A tour of the garden can be completed by having a cream tea in the cafe overlooking the Palace’s famous grassland and lake.
Kew Garden
The Royal Botanic Garden at Kew is one of the world’s most famous gardens and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Have a walk through the vast garden, spot local wildlife at the lake, or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson. Be sure to visit the Temperate House, which contains some of the rarest and most threatened plants.
1. What can visitors do in both Horniman Gardens and Chiswick Garden?
A. Study living fossils.
B. Taste delicious food.
C. Enjoy impressive art.
D. Appreciate fine views.
2. Where should visitors go if they want to join in hands-on activities?
A. Horniman Gardens.
B. Chiswick Garden.
C. Buckingham Palace Garden.
D. Kew Garden.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To inform visitors of famous gardens.
B. To entertain interested garden visitors.
C. To stress the necessity of garden escape.
D. To show the benefits of touring gardens.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要向读者介绍了伦敦一些著名的公园景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.（霍尼曼花园占地16英亩，享有伦敦的壮丽景色。）”和第三段的“Enjoy fresh bread, seasonal food, and natural wines in the award-winning cafe, while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape , spotted with impressive art and statues.（享受新鲜的面包，时令食品，和天然葡萄酒在屡获殊荣的咖啡馆，而欣赏自然主义的风景之美，发现令人印象深刻的艺术和雕像。）”，可知，游客可以在霍尼曼花园和奇斯威克花园欣赏美景。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Have a walk through the vast garden, spot local wildlife at the lake, or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson.（在广阔的花园中漫步，在湖边观赏当地的野生动物，或者尝试上一节园艺课，让自己的双手脏起来。）”，可知，如果游客想参加实践活动，他们应该去Kew Garden。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“From a royal palace to a classical garden, we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.（从皇家宫殿到古典花园，我们推荐巨大的绿色空间来逃离伦敦的喧嚣。）”，可知，文章的目的是向游客介绍著名园林。故选A。
B
My childhood was a painted picture of sunny sky and rolling green fields stretching to the horizon. It tasted of sharp berries and smelt of sour grapes.My family lived in a cabin(小木屋) in the countryside but I lived in my mother’s arms. They were so delicate but strong, her red hair falling around me like a curtain separating me from the world.
Childhood was simple.The borders of my village were the furthest my troubles went and monsters only lived in the pages of books. Every day was a waking dream of running races and muddy knees.My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions. There weren’t many children but me and the other boys; boys of butchers and sellers formed our own group.
They called us wild. I suppose we were. Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods,deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once.
My most vivid memories from boyhood center around that lake. Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outcry from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged(淹没)， time would suspend， movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.
I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning.
For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would suspend, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.
We should have known that it wouldn’t last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there’s something so tragic about growing up: to have your perspective on the people and life around you change;to always struggle to reach a mirror only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day. And find, a different person staring back out at you.
4. What does the underlined word “archaic” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Borderless.
B. Valueless.
C. Old-fashioned.
D. Poverty-stricken.
5. Why did the author consider himself and other children wild?
A. They played in the woods crazily.
B. They tricked others purposefully.
C. They frequently broke social rules.
D. They firmly refused school education.
6. How does the author introduce his memories of the lake?
A. By sharing feelings.
B. By expressing ideas.
C. By making comparisons.
D. By describing characters.
7. What message does the author seem to convey in the last paragraph?
A. Loneliness and challenges make a man grow up.
B. The regret of growth is that you have never tried.
C. Growth is often accompanied by sad goodbyes to the past.
D. Growth begins when we begin to accept our own weakness.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描绘了作者对于童年美好生活的回忆以及对于长大后童年时光逝去的感伤。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据考查词汇所在句子“My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions.（我的村庄很古老，垂死的小屋住着垂死的农民，他们的传统已经消亡。）”，并结合上下文语境可知此处是描写我小时候生活的村庄很陈旧。archaic意为“陈旧的”。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods, deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once.（树木和山脉构成了我们的游乐场，打架就像突然的笑声一样容易爆发。从社会的束缚中解放出来，我们会跳进树林里，越陷越深，直到发现一个湖，我们会大叫一声，立刻跳进湖里。）”，可知，之所以作者认为自己和其他孩子都是野孩子，是因为他们在树林里疯狂地玩耍。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四至六段的“Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outcry from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged(淹没)， time would suspend， movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.（水面闪闪发光，我们的尖叫声被鸟儿的叫声打断了。冷水对着出汗的皮肤的冲击会唤醒我身体的每一根神经，我的光脚会撞到下沉的泥泞的底部。当我们潜入水中时，时间会停止，随着我们周围的气泡上升，运动变慢。）”和“I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning.（我快淹死了。我还活着。我还活着。我快淹死了。）”以及“For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would suspend, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.（在一段时间或一秒钟内(两者的感觉都是一样的)，我们会暂停，蜷缩起来，然后被迫重新呼吸空气。）”可知，作者从自己当时的所见、所听、所感等多个层面描绘了自己童年时对于湖的回忆。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“We should have known that it wouldn’t last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there’s something so tragic about growing up: to have your perspective on the people and life around you change;to always struggle to reach a mirror only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day. And find, a different person staring back out at you.（我们早该知道爱情不会永远持续下去。然而，即使在最好的情况下，成长也有一些悲剧:你对周围人和生活的看法发生了变化;你总是挣扎着去拿镜子，却发现自己已经足够高，有一天可以看到自己的倒影。然后发现，另一个人正盯着你。）”，可知，作者在最后一段似乎传达了“成长常常伴随着对过去的悲伤告别。”故选C。
C
In shallow coastal waters of the Indian ocean, Dugong, a kind of sea cow, is in trouble. Environmental problems pose such a major threat to its survival that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) upgraded the species’ extinction risk status(地位)to vulnerable (脆弱的).
Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitoring their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environment. But these people are also threatened, in part because rising sea levels are making it difficult for them to live there.
This situation isn’t unique to Dugongs. A global analysis of 385 culturally important plant and animal species found 68 percent were both biologically vulnerable and at risk of losing their cultural protection.
The findings clearly illustrate that biology shouldn’t be the primary factor in shaping conservation policy,says anthropologist Victoria Reyes-García.When a culture declines,the species that are important to that culture are also threatened.“Lots of conservationists think we need to separate people from nature,” says Reyes-García. “But that strategy misses the caring relationship many cultural groups have with nature.”
One way to help shift conservation efforts is to give species a “bio-cultural status,”which would provide a fuller picture of their vulnerability. In the study, the team used a new way to determine a species’ risk of disappearing: the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened.The more a culture is threatened, the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. Researchers then combined a species’ cultural and biological vulnerability to arrive at its bio-cultural status. In the Dugong’s case, its bio-cultural status is endangered, meaning it is more at risk than its IUCN categorization suggests.
This new approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. It can highlight when communities need support to continue their care. Scientists hope it will bring more efforts that recognize local communities’ rights and encourage their participation-taking advantage of humans’ connection with nature instead of creating more separation.
8. What is the relationship between the native people and Dugongs?
A. The native people help conserve Dugongs.
B. The native people train Dugongs to survive.
C. Dugongs ruin the native people’s environment.
D. Dugongs force the native people to leave home.
9. Which statement will Reyes-García probably agree with?
A. The protection policy is used incorrectly.
B. Culture is connected to species’ existence.
C. Many groups take good care of each other.
D. Conservationists prefer nature over people.
10 How is the study method different from previous ones?
A. It involves more preservation efforts.
B. It relies on the IUCN’s classification.
C. It highlights the effect of human languages.
D. It assesses the biological influence of a species.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the latest approach?
A. Conservative.
B. Favourable.
C. Critical.
D. Ambiguous.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过海牛Dugong的例子讲述了文化与物种生存的内在关联。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitored their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environments.”（更糟糕的是，Dugongs正面临着失去托雷斯海峡岛民保护的危险，这些岛民以前一直在照顾Dugongs，现在持续地猎杀它们作为食物，并监控它们的数量。这些当地人保持着他们的生物多样性，对他们的环境有深刻的了解。）可知，当地人与Dugongs的关系是当地人帮助保护Dugongs。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“When a culture declines, the species that are important to that culture are also threatened.”（当一种文化衰落时，对该文化重要的物种也受到威胁。）可知，Reyes-García可能会同意“文化与物种的生存息息相关。”故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“In the study, the team used a new way to determine a species’ risk of disappearing: the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened. The more a culture is threatened, the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. Researchers then combined a species’ cultural and biological vulnerability to arrive at its bio-cultural status.”（在这项研究中，研究小组使用了一种新的方法来确定一个物种消失的风险：一个文化群体的语言使用下降得越多，该文化受到的威胁就越大。一种文化受到的威胁越多，其重要物种在文化上就越脆弱。然后，研究人员将一个物种的文化和生物脆弱性结合起来，得出它的生物文化状态。），可知，与以前的学习方法相比，现在的研究方法突出了人类语言的影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的“This new approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. It can highlight when communities need support to continue their care.”（这种新的保护方法涉及到历史上一直照顾它们的人。它可以突出社区何时需要支持以继续提供护理。），可知，作者赞成最新的方法。故选B。
D
Adapting to technological advances is a defining part of the 21s-century life. Just two months after being launched in November 2022, OpenAI’s ChatGPT has already reached an audience of over 100 million people. While ChatGPT threatens to change writing and writing-related work, the Mesopotamians, who lived 4,000 years ago in a geographical area centered in modern-day Iraq, went through this kind of far-reaching change before us.
Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.
In its literature, Mesopotamians don’t present cultural and technological advances as consistently beneficial.They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions. In some ways，the representation of new technologies in its literature echoes(映现)contemporary concerns about AI: fears of increasing social inequalities and its potential use in information war.
In recent years，AI-the newest form of writing-has been used to decipher(破译)the oldest: cuneiform literature.In broader fields,the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.In January,for example, a top international AI conference banned the use of AI tools for writing scientific papers.
Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.
12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning Mesopotamians?
A. Their adaptation to threats.
B. Their influences on writing.
C. Their contribution to literature.
D. Their achievements in civilization.
13. What can be inferred about technological advances from paragraph 3?
A. They prevent human conflict.
B. They bring about hidden dangers.
C. They take away people’s concerns.
D. They lower people’s social status.
14. What is the current situation of AI according to paragraph 4?
A. Its use in literature is popular.
B. It is not allowed to finish papers.
C. Its range of application is undefined.
D. It is not accepted in broader fields.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. How People Can Use the Latest Technology
B. How ChatGPT Will Threaten Writing and Work
C. What AI Will Do by Learning Cuneiform Literature
D. What History Can Teach Us About New Tech’s Impact
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示当今的科技发展及影响。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的“Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.（古代美索不达米亚是许多早期文明发展的发源地。它的人民在适应技术和文化变化方面处于世界领先地位。他们发明了车轮和农业，开创了数学和城市化的先河。这些突破反映在楔形文字文学中，这是已知最古老的书写形式之一。）”，可知，关于美索不达米亚人，第二段主要讨论了“他们的文明成就”。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions.（它们通常代表着为人类冲突服务而被控制的新技术，主要为那些社会地位高的人的利益服务。）”，可知，从第3段可以推断出技术进步的“它们带来了隐患。”。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“In broader fields, the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.（在更广泛的领域，人工智能如何使用的界限还没有得到明确的解释。）”，可知，根据第4段，AI的现状是“它的应用范围是不明确的。”故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通过对文章结构和内容的分析，再根据最后一段“Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.（自最早的文明以来，人类一直在努力发明、使用和适应技术。但是技术和由此产生的知识并不总是均匀分布的。了解我们如何适应过去不断变化的技术有助于我们更全面地了解人类的状况，甚至可能帮助我们为未来做好准备。）”，可知本文主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示今天的科技发展及影响。所以短文的标题为“关于新技术的影响，历史能告诉我们什么”。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you noticed how evenings cool off more in rural areas than they do in cities? Urban areas also tend to get hotter during the day than any nearby areas with lots of greenery____16____
It’s mainly caused by the difference in materials that cover the ground in urban areas and the countryside. In the country, evaporation(蒸发)of water from soil and the leaves of plants helps to cool the air.____17____Having fewer plants, cities have less evaporation and are unable to cool down the temperature.
Dark colours are another problem. Dark objects absorb all wavelengths of light, making the temperature increase more noticeably. In contrast, white objects reflect all wavelengths of light energy.____18____Sadly, most parts of cities are covered by asphalt(沥青), steel, roofs and bricks which are often dark in colour.
____19____As people drive cars, heat buildings, and run air conditioners, cities are generating waste heat and pouring it into the atmosphere directly. The waste heat adds to the solar energy trapped by the tall buildings.
But cities don’t have to be so hot. Some cities have lightened their streets. This is done by covering black asphalt streets, parking lots, and dark roofs with a more reflective gray coating. ____20____
Having more green spaces also helps. Plants serve as a natural air conditioner. They catch heat, release vapour(蒸汽)into the air, and take away heat, contributing to cooler, fresher cities.
A. Cities also produce more heat than suburban areas.
B. The higher the temperature, the shorter the wavelength.
C. This phenomenon is known as the urban heat-island effect.
D. So it will not be transformed into heat which makes the air hot.
E. Changes in building materials have a minimal effect on city temperatures.
F. Much of the soil in cities, by contrast, has been covered with roads and buildings.
G. These changes can decrease air temperatures dramatically, especially in summer.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了热岛效应。
【16题详解】
段末句，考查段落结论句。根据上文提示“Have you noticed how evenings cool off more in rural areas than they do in cities? Urban areas also tend to get hotter during the day than any nearby areas with lots of greenery.”（你有没有注意到，农村的夜晚比城市凉爽得多?城市地区在白天也往往比附近有很多绿色植物的地区更热。）可知，本文是一篇介绍热岛效应的科普文。首段的行文逻辑为从现象到结论，从而引出热岛效应这一地理名词。所以，C项“This phenomenon is known as the urban heat-island effect.”（这种现象被称为城市热岛效应。）符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
段中句，考查转折性过渡句。F选项“Much of the soil in cities, by contrast, has been covered with roads and buildings.”（相比之下，城市的大部分土壤已经被道路和建筑物覆盖。）的“城市的土地被道路和建筑覆盖”与前一句“evaporation of water from soil and the leaves of plants helps to cool to air”（土壤和植物叶子中的水分蒸发有助于冷却到空气中）形成转折关系。这两句回应第二段主题句“It’s mainly caused by the difference in materials that cover the ground in urban areas and the countryside.”（这主要是由于城市和农村覆盖地面的材料不同造成的。）故选F。
【18题详解】
段中句，考查结论性过渡句。空前句子“In contrast, white objects reflect all wavelengths of light energy”（相反，白色物体反射所有波长的光能）和D选项“So it will not be transformed into heat which makes the air hot.”（所以它不会转化为使空气变热的热量。）形成因果关系。即，白色物品会反射所有波长的光，因此能量不会被转换成热量，从而让空气变热。故选D。
【19题详解】
段首句，考查段落主题句。A选项“Cities also produce more heat than suburban areas.”（城市也比郊区产生更多的热量。）中的“produce more heat（产生更多的热量）”与选项下一句“As people drive cars, heat buildings, and run air conditioners, cities are generating waste heat and pouring it into the atmosphere directly.”（随着人们开车、给建筑物供暖和使用空调，城市正在产生废热，并将其直接排放到大气中。）中的“generate waste heat（产生废热）”形成对应关系。开车，供暖或是开空调都是产生热量的行为。故选A。
【20题详解】
段末句，考查递进逻辑关系。本段的讨论内容为解决热岛效应的方法。G选项中的“these changes（这些变化）”对应了选项前面一句的方法，即，“covering black asphalt streets, parking lots, and dark roofs with a more reflective gray coating”（覆盖黑色沥青街道、停车场和深色屋顶的反光性更强的灰色涂层）。同时，G选项“These changes can decrease air temperatures dramatically, especially in summer.”（这些变化会使气温急剧下降，尤其是在夏天。）进一步解释了这些举措所能带来的好处，与前文形成递进关系。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up, I was fortunate to have dinner with my family almost every day. Sometimes, the family dinner circle____21____to include relatives stopping by. Yet, I knew some friends whose parents got home after dinner or even____22____the entire evening. So I____23____the quality time around our kitchen table, which witnessed countless valuable____24____in my life.
____25____,my kids cannot relate to my childhood memories. They have been left to____26____with babysitters more times than I would like to admit. My husband and I have____27____careers. And we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime. When this happens too often, it____28____the balance of our family.
Apart from suffering from____29____,what else can a hardworking family do? I think we can all try to_____30_____our own ways to spend time together. Surely there are days when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family. But I would make efforts to_____31_____and chat later that day,_____32_____ setting aside cellphones every time. And I even find a bedtime reading with my kids much_____33_____.I am also proud to have our “big breakfast” routine every Saturday. My husband serves as the head chef, and my younger son_____34_____ him to make the breakfast.
I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly and will be out of the_____35_____someday. But now, I am happy to have so many wonderful things on my plate.
21. A. widened B. formed C. lessened D. closed
22. A. missed B. avoided C. enjoyed D. recorded
23. A. wasted B. treasured C. limited D. calculated
24. A. shows B. dishes C. recipes D. moments
25. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides
26. A. sleep B. dine C. study D. play
27. A. suitable B. flexible C. satisfying D. demanding
28. A. maintains B. disturbs C. improves D. strikes
29. A. fear B. anger C. guilt D. hunger
30. A. predict B. create C. evaluate D. accept
31. A. work out B. calm down C. hold on D. catch up
32. A. unwillingly B. casually C. consciously D. carelessly
33. A. louder B. shorter C. simpler D. sweeter
34. A. assists B. guides C. allows D. orders
35. A. office B. kitchen C. house D. park
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，体现亲情的可贵。作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大，并且离开家。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，家庭聚餐的圈子扩大到包括亲戚。A. widened拓宽；B. formed组成，构成；C. lessened减少；D. closed关闭。根据后文to include relatives stopping by可知，家里的餐桌会扩大，以容纳这些来访的亲戚。故选A。
22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我认识一些朋友，他们的父母晚饭后才回家，甚至整个晚上都没有回家。A. missed错过，想念；B. avoided避免；C. enjoyed享受，喜爱；D. recorded记录。 根据空前parents got home after dinner or even...可知，此处和前文形成递进关系。即，父母会在晚饭时间之后回家，甚至是错过一整个晚上。故选 A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我很珍惜围坐在餐桌旁的美好时光，它见证了我生命中无数珍贵的时刻。A. wasted浪费；B. treasured珍惜，重视；C. limited限制；D. calculated计算。设空处前文提到I knew some friends whose parents got home after dinner or even missed the entire evening。因此，作者十分珍惜餐桌旁的亲子时光。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我很珍惜围坐在餐桌旁的美好时光，它见证了我生命中无数珍贵的时刻。A. shows表演；B. dishes菜肴；C. recipes食谱；D. moments片刻。根据空前的quality time可知, 餐桌旁见证了我人生中无数珍贵的瞬间。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的孩子们无法将我的童年记忆联系起来。A. However然而；B. Otherwise要不然的话，否则；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides另外，此外。结合空前kitchen table witnessed countless valuable moments in my life，与空后They have been left to ________with babysitters可知，作者小时候可以和父母共进晚餐，但是作者的孩子只能和保姆一起吃晚餐。因此形成转折关系。翻译为“但是，对我的孩子们来说，他们并不能对我童年的回忆感同身受”。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不和保姆一起吃饭的次数比我愿意承认的还要多。A. sleep睡觉；B. dine进餐，吃饭；C. study学习，研究；D. play玩。根据空个前后“They have been left to____6____with babysitters more times than I would like to admit.”可知，全文围绕“一家人共进晚餐”这话题展开，所以这里指“吃饭”。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫和我的工作要求很高。A. suitable合适的；B. flexible灵活的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. demanding要求高的。根据设空前的内容，作者和丈夫无法陪孩子共进晚餐与根据空后内容we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime可推断，作者和丈夫有着要求很高的工作。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况经常发生时，它会扰乱我们家庭的平衡。A. maintains保持，维持；B. disturbs干扰；C. improves提高，改善；D. strikes击打，打动。根据空前内容“And we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime. When this happens too often,”，可知，当父母总是无法陪孩子用餐时，就会打乱家中的平衡。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了内疚，一个勤劳的家庭还能做什么?A. fear害怕；B. anger生气；C. guilt内疚，罪行；D. hunger饥饿。联系前文My children have been left to dine with babysitters more times than I would like to admit可知，我因不能与孩子共进晚餐而感到愧疚。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我们都可以试着创造自己的方式来共度时光。A. predict预测；B. create创造；C. evaluate评估；D. accept接受。根据后文chat, bedtime reading和“big breakfast”routine every Saturday可知，作者是在创造自己的方式与孩子度过亲子时光。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但那天晚些时候，我会努力赶上他们聊天，每次都有意识地把手机放在一边。A. work out计算出，锻炼；B. calm down 使冷静；C. hold on不挂断电话，继续；D. catch up赶上，把……缠住。根据空前 there are days when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family可知，有时候我无法和家人一起用餐，所以我会努力去弥补失去的亲子时光。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但那天晚些时候，我会努力赶上他们聊天，每次都有意识地把手机放在一边。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. casually随意地；C. consciously有意识地；D. carelessly粗心地。根据空前I would make efforts to catch up and chat later可知，我会有意识地收起手机，避免外界的干扰。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至觉得睡前和孩子们一起读书更甜蜜。A. louder 大声点；B. shorter更短的；C. simpler更简单的；D. sweeter更甜的。根据前文when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family，这让作者认为与孩子的睡前阅读时光更加地宝贵。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫担任厨师长，我小儿子帮他做早餐。A. assists帮助；B. guides指导；C. allows允许；D. orders命令。根据空前内容My husband serves as the head chef可知，作者的丈夫作为主厨，儿子辅助父亲完成早餐。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的儿子们正在迅速长大，总有一天会离开家。A. office办公室；B. kitchen厨房；C. house房子；D. park公园。根据空前“I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly（我意识到我的儿子们正在迅速长大）”和空后的“I am happy to have so many wonderful things on my plate.（我很高兴盘子里有这么多好吃的东西。）”，可知，文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，体现亲情的可贵。最后一段作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大，并且离开家。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year during the Spring Festival, a small village east of Beijing puts on a special show. It’s about-15°C, and a man dressed in a straw hat and sheepskin coat____36____ (throw)spoon after spoon of heavy molten iron(铁水) at a massive，icy wall.The collision(碰撞)between the 1,600℃ liquid metal and the frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks(火花)____37____(fall) over him, equally beautiful and dangerous.
This is a performance____38____requires extraordinary courage, skill and strength. Known as Da Shuhua, it has a history of 500 years in Nuanquan, a highly-developed steel town.Da Shuhua translates literally into “beating down the tree flowers,”____39____agricultural activity of hitting fruit trees to stimulate growth.
In ancient times, fireworks weren’t always____40____(wide) affordable. So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a way____41____(celebrate) festivals.As a result,they brought firework displays____42____a whole new level.
Today,Da Shuhua has become more popular than ever,due to____43____(ban)on fireworks to reduce air pollution in some parts of China. Every year, this unique firework display attracts tons of people in spite of the freezing cold weather____44____draws attention for its protection. Since 2021,it_____45_____(list) as an intangible cultural heritage of China.
【答案】36. throws##is throwing
37. falling
38. which/that
39. an 40. widely
41. to celebrate
42. to 43. bans
44. and 45. has been listed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍“打树花”表演。这是一项需要非凡勇气、技巧和力量的表演。自2021年起，它被列为中国非物质文化遗产。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态。句意：气温约为零下15摄氏度，一个头戴草帽、身穿羊皮大衣的男人正把一勺又一勺的铁水扔向一堵巨大的冰墙。根据空前的It’s和空后的creates可知，本段应该使用throws，一般现在时态；或is throwing，现在进行时，用以描绘打树花的画面。故填throws/is throwing。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语的现在分词形式。句意：1600℃的液态金属和冰冻的砖块之间的碰撞产生了火花瀑布，同样美丽又危险。此处为“产生掉落在他身上的火花”，其中sparks和fall之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语。故填falling。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句的连接词。句意：这是一项需要非凡勇气、技巧和力量的表演。先行词为performance, 指物，在定语从句中充当主语成分，从句由关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
【39题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：树花的字面意思是“打树花”，这是一种通过击打果树来刺激生长的农业活动。打树花是一种农业活动，且agriculture以元音开头。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：在古代，烟花并不总是普遍负担得起的。此处需要用副词来修饰形容词affordable。故填widely。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语的不定式。句意：因此，暖泉人利用废铁，发展了打树花作为庆祝节日的一种方式。固定结构为a way to do sth.。故填to celebrate。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：结果，他们把烟花表演带到了一个全新的水平。固定搭配：bring sth. to“把……带到……”。故填 to。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：对烟花的“禁令”使得现在打树花变得愈加受欢迎。固定短语：due to“由于”；“禁令ban”是可数名词，此处应该用名词复数。故填bans。
【44题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：每年，尽管天气寒冷，这个独特的烟花表演吸引了成千上万的人，并引起了人们对其保护的注意。空前的attracts tons of people与空后的draws attention for its protection形成并列关系。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词的被动语态。句意：自2021年起，它被列为中国非物质文化遗产。句子主语it和谓语动词list之间是被动关系，再根据空前since可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been listed。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐拍摄内容；
2.陈述理由；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Hans,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Hans,
I am very glad to hear that you are going to introduce high school students’ campus life with short videos.
I’d like you to recommend something to shoot. First of all, I recommend the video of students’ morning exercise to you. I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects their mental outlook of the day. Then there are videos of students in class. This is also the most critical period for students, which can show their learning status. Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students. Extracurricular activities discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
Finally, I wish your program a success.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：推荐拍摄内容；陈述理由；表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→significant/vital
各种各样的：various → all kinds of/all sorts of
发现：discover→explore
影响：affect→ influence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students. Extracurricular activities discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
拓展句：Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students, which discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This is also the most critical period for students, which can show their learning status.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects the students’ mental outlook of the day.（运用了宾语从句和非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ballet was a way of life in Kelly’s family. Her elder sister Serena was now dancing at a top college.Though Kelly’s mom always wanted her to follow in her sister’s footsteps and Kelly herself was good at ballet,her love for ballet had faded years before,and she was eager for a new challenge.
One day at school,as Kelly left the dance studio,she walked past the gym,fascinated by boxers(拳击手)training inside the boxing ring. She was deeply impressed by how hard they hit and how fast they moved. In fact, she’d long been attracted to boxing.
She pulled a piece of paper from her backpack.On the familiar Oakwood High School Club Sign-up Sheet was the phrase：BOXING CLUB TRYOUT(选拔).That was what Kelly really wanted to do.She knew her mom had high expectations for her when it came to ballet. Tired of trying to keep up with her sister, Kelly was ready to carve her own path.
The next day,she gathered her courage and told Serena about her new passion. At first, Serena didn’t understand and thought she was just joking. But when she saw Kelly was serious, she replied, “You know Mom wants you to be a ballet dancer,right? Besides, boxing is only for boys,and you’re so good at ballet.Lean into your strength,Kelly.”
“But this is where I want to put my strength,” Kelly insisted,“and what exactly does ‘only for boys’mean,anyway? Boxing is a sport for everyone!”
Gradually,touched by her determination and passion, Serena began to understand and support her.Kelly could feel it. Her sister was going to respect her decision,no matter what.But that was nothing compared to the preparations for the tryout,where she was required to show her footwork and punching(击打)abilities with other candidates. Boxing didn＇t come natural to Kelly,but she had made up her mind to stick with her choice.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Kelly began her training for the tryout keeping it a secret from her mom.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The following Monday, results of the boxing tryout were posted.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Then Kelly began her training for the tryout, keeping it a secret from her mom. Ballet was the Kelly way of life, so only her sister knew about boxing, and her mother would have stopped it. Because boxing didn't come naturally to Kelly, she just came to love it, so she often got knocked down during training and suffered. Now that you've made a choice, you can't give up. She has an unyielding spirit and must participate in the qualifiers.
The following Monday, results of the boxing tryout were posted. Kelly was afraid to look at the published list for fear of losing out. Then a woman tapped her on the shoulder and told her she had been chosen. The voice sounded familiar to her. It was her mother. Her sister stood by smiling. Before she knew it, her mother told her she had known she had been boxing. Her mother very much support her. Now through the qualifiers, the family happily went home to celebrate. This really echoes the saying, "Interest is the best teacher".
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了凯利从热爱芭蕾到喜欢拳击的转变。渐渐地被她的决心和热情所感动的姐姐塞蕾娜也开始理解和支持她。在预选赛中，她被要求与其他候选人展示自己的步法和出拳能力。拳击对凯利来说并不是天生的，但她已经下定决心坚持自己的选择。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后凯莉开始了她的选拔赛训练，并对她的妈妈保密。”可知，第一段可描写凯利开始拳击训练，并吃了很多苦，但没有放弃。
②由第二段首句内容“接下来的星期一，拳击选拔赛的结果公布了。”可知，第二段可描写凯利通过了预选赛，同时得到了妈妈的支持。
2.续写线索：瞒着妈妈——训练——受伤——坚持——通过预选——妈妈支持
3.词汇激活
行为类
（1）阻止：stop/prevent
（2）回家：go back home/return home
（3）参加：participate in /take part in
情绪类
（1）害怕：be afraid /fear/be scared
（2）高兴：happily /delighted/glad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Because boxing didn't come naturally to Kelly, she just came to love it, so she often got knocked down during training and suffered.（句中使用原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Before she knew it, her mother told her she knew she was boxing.（句中使用时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. Now that you've made a choice, you can't give up.（句中使用原因状语从句）
相关试卷
2022-2023学年广东省深圳市高三下学期第二次调研考试（二模）英语试卷含解析： 这是一份2022-2023学年广东省深圳市高三下学期第二次调研考试（二模）英语试卷含解析，文件包含2023届广东省深圳市高三年级第二次调研考试英语试题解析版docx、2023届广东省深圳市高三年级第二次调研考试英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共41页， 欢迎下载使用。
广东省深圳市2022-2023学年高三下学期第二次调研考试（二模）英语试卷含答案： 这是一份广东省深圳市2022-2023学年高三下学期第二次调研考试（二模）英语试卷含答案，共15页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省广州市普通高中2022-2023学年高三英语下学期第二次综合测试（二模）试卷（Word版附解析）： 这是一份广东省广州市普通高中2022-2023学年高三英语下学期第二次综合测试（二模）试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。
