重难点42 短文填空之提示词填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用）

这是一份重难点42 短文填空之提示词填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用），文件包含重难点42短文填空之提示词填空-2023年中考英语热点·重点·难点专练全国通用解析版docx、重难点42短文填空之提示词填空-2023年中考英语热点·重点·难点专练全国通用原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共17页， 欢迎下载使用。
专项五  中考题型重难点42  短文填空之提示词填空此类短文填空题一般会给出汉语意思或英文单词。做此类短文填空题时，要准确理解语意，根据文中同样结构或类似结构确定应填词的词性和词形。不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。 该题型主要考查考生在理解句子意思的基础上将汉语译成英语单词，从而完成英文单词的拼写。所填的单词多为句中比较重要的常用单词，以名词、代词、动词、数词、形容词和副词等实词最为多见。典例解析（2022·贵州安顺·统考中考真题）根据短文内中文意思，补全英语翻译。A vegetarian (素食者) is someone who doesn’t eat meat. Being a vegetarian has become a popular choice. ____1____ (实际上), one in 200 kids in the US is a vegetarian. Most people choose to be vegetarians for many reasons.First, they believe that a vegetarian’s diet ____2____ (对……有好处) their health. It usually has less fat than a diet (饮食) that includes meat. Vegetarians eat a low-fat diet to keep fit. A vegetarian diet also provides many vitamins that people can’t ____3____ (从……得到) the meat. These vitamins protect people from some diseases.Second, many vegetarians are ____4____ (对……担心) how animals are raised and killed for food. They hope animals can be better treated.Finally, they think ____5____ (成为一名素食者能帮助地球). People use more energy, water and land to raise animals for food than to grow fruit and vegetables. Also, animals put greenhouse gases into the air. These gases cause global warming. 【短文大意】本文主要介绍了人们选择成为素食者的原因。【答案解析】1．句意：实际上，美国每200个孩子中就有一个是素食主义者。actually/in fact“实际上”，在句中作状语，句首需大写首字母。故填Actually/In fact。2．句意：首先，他们相信素食对他们的健康有好处。be good for“对……有好处”，时态是一般现在时，主语是“a vegetarian’s diet”，be动词用is。故填is good for。3．句意：素食还提供了许多人们无法从肉类中获得的维生素。get from“从……得到”，情态动词can’t后用动词原形。故填get from。4．句意：第二，许多素食主义者担心动物是如何被饲养和宰杀的。be worried about“对……担心”，固定短语。故填worried about。5．句意：最后，他们认为成为一名素食者能帮助地球。be a vegetarian can help the planet“成为一名素食者能帮助地球”，使用动名词在从句中作主语，故填being a vegetarian can help the planet。  （2022·浙江金华·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。London Zoo is one of the top attractions in Britain and it is the world’s ___1___（最老的）scientific zoo. It was built over 180 years ago. Now it is run by the Zoological Society of London. The zoo can be found in the heart of London. ___2___（虽然）it lies in the middle of the city, the zoo still has a large ___3___（数目）of animals to see, including lions, giraffes, tigers, ___4___（猴子）and so on. In fact, there are 750 different groups, making it one of the largest collections of animals in the UK. The zoo is ___5___（分成）into many different areas, such as Lions and Tigers, where you can get very close to a family of beautiful but endangered big cats from Asia. These places are great fun to explore and help make it very ___6___（受欢迎的）with tourists from different parts of the world. Shopping can also be done in the zoo. There are several places where you can buy food and drink. Gifts ___7___（两者）about the zoo and the city can be bought in many shops. The best way to ___8___（到达）the zoo is to take the underground. As it is in the ___9___（北面）end of Regent’s Park, it only takes ten minutes to walk ___10___（穿过）the park from Regent’s Park Underground Station. （2022·浙江丽水·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Finland, a small country located in Northern Europe along the Baltic Sea, the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland, is a beautiful place to ____11____（参观）.Winter is the most popular season in Finland. The ____12____（太阳） , disappears for months in the northernmost part of the country. People have to wear very heavy ____13____（外套） to keep warm. The white snow, bright moon and stars, and — if you are ____14____（幸运的）enough — the colorful Northern Lights create the ____15____（著名的） and surprising light and magical scene. One of the best ways to experience the scene is to sleep in a ____16____ （玻璃）hut, surrounded by nature. You can just stay ____17____（在……里面）, warm and comfortable, looking at the night sky and waiting.The air quality in Finland is the best in the world according to the data from WHO. As 75% of the country is covered by forests, people can connect with nature ____18____（容易地）. Finnish people often enjoy the small things in ____19____（日常的）lives, like just sitting quietly by a lake. So if you have the chance to Finland, just take a deep breath, hike in the forest or simply ______20______（休息）on a smooth rock by the sea. （2022·浙江温州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。Chen Gang is a professor from China University of Geosciences. His son, Chen Lihao, is a university ____21____ (学生). They reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, the world’s highest peak, on ____22____ (四月) 30th, 2022. During their journey, they did scientific research and ____23____ (收集) ice, snow, plants and pieces of rocks. They were honoured as ____24____ (英雄) after they returned.Chen Gang likes ____25____ (爬) mountains. He has been to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau many times over the past ____26____ (九) years. Although he meets lots of difficulties, he ____27____ (从不) thinks of giving up. He nicely connects his hobby with his career. As for his ____28____ (勇敢的) son Chen Lihao, he is a national first-class mountaineer. He always ____29____ (训练) hard and gets ready for more challenges. The father and son ____30____ (两者都) show great courage and abilities. They closely combine their personal futures with national needs. （2022·浙江绍兴·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。Nurse CharlieSeveral months ago, I had a car accident and required an operation. My wife Geraldine, told me that for the three days I was in hospital, our black dog, Charlie, ____31____ (躺) at the door waiting for my return.Charlie is ____32____ (六) years old. Whenever I go out and can’t take him with me, he patiently waits at the ____33____ (前面) door for me. Geraldine says that at times he will not leave his place even when facing delicious food — very ____34____ (不寻常) for a dog.After I returned home, Charlie must have sensed that there was something different about me. For my ____35____ (安全), he did not jump up to greet me, although his moving tail ____36____ (清晰) showed that he was happy to see me. Instead, he waited till I could comfortably ____37____ (休息) in bed. Then he hesitantly (踌躇地) came close to me and sat at the foot of my bed.As I started to become more mobile, he played with me in a more gentle way. I am now much healthier and ____38____ (有时) we go for walks together. Charlie does not ____39____ (拉) hard on the lead. Besides, his steps try to suit ____40____ (我的).I could not have asked for a more careful nurse. （2022·浙江湖州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。The tradition of tea drinking began in China thousands of years ago. It soon became ____41____ (流行的；受欢迎的) because it was healthy and gave people energy. Later, tea was brought to some countries in ____42____ (东方的) Asia, such as Japan and Korea. Nowadays, Chinese tea has become a world drink.Some of the world’s tastiest teas ____43____ (生长) in China. Oolong tea is one of the best and it has many different kinds. One of them has a light brown ____44____ (颜色) and tastes like honey. Another special kind has a heavier, burnt taste.Perhaps the best way for beginners to enjoy tea is to ____45____ (出席；参加) traditional tea art performances which are held at tea houses and tea farms around the country.Several steps are planned ____46____ (细致地；小心地) in each performance. First, heat the pots and tea cups with warm water. Then, put some tea ____47____ (叶子) into the teapot. Next, pour hot water from a specific height. After that, make sure the tea is boiled for a proper time.When the tea is ready, drinkers should ____48____ (闻到；嗅) it before taking a sip. It’s ____49____ (有礼貌的) to finish each cup in three small sips. The performance provides a chance to appreciate this valuable ____50____ (礼物；馈赠) from nature. （2022·浙江嘉兴·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词)。Most kids love sweets. Why? When we eat or ___51___ (喝) sweet food, the sugar enters our blood and influences our brain. It ___52___ (留下) good feelings with us, making us want more. In fact, all ___53___ (美味的) foods do this, but sugar has an especially strong power. That’s why doctors ___54___ (总是) advise us to cut down on sugar.Early humans often had very little food, so our ___55___ (身体) learned to store a lot of sugar as fat. In this way, we ___56___ (节省) energy for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So it may now be harming our ___57___ (健康).It’s certain that we need to eat ____58____ (更少的) sugar. The trouble is that, in today’s world, our foods are filled with sugar. Although our ____59____ (餐) look better, large amounts of sugar are often added. To solve the problem, we should take more exercise, ___60___ (两次) a week at least. And remember, next time you want some cookies, eat an apple instead. （2022·浙江台州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。My heart is filled with love. Recently, I’m so __61__ (感激的) for the support of a very dear friend of mine. With his help, I can realize my dream of making a kind act. It __62__ (带来) me more power in my life.We live in a small African city. As you know, people are __63__ (贫穷的) and it’s hard for them to find jobs. I’ve been looking forward to opening a __64__ (汤) kitchen for many years. I hope to help the __65__ (当地的) people in need. My friend helps me create a Facebook __66__ (页面) called Sunshine. On it, we usually __67__ (分享) our kind activities with our friends. These days, I’m making hearty food while my friend is handing our clothes to the homeless. There are so many people living on the __68__ (街道), which shocks me a lot.We want to __69__ (邀请) more people to join us. The act of love by giving has touched my heart greatly. Sometimes I’m tired at the end of the day, but I __70__ (仍然) love the journey I’m on. Because of the project, my life becomes so meaningful. I just know what I’m doing now may make a difference to some people’s life. （2022·浙江衢州·统考中考真题）根据材料内容和所给中文提示，写出空白处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。静夜思          Thoughts on a Tranquil Night李白                    By Li Bai床前明月光，Before my bed a pool of ____71____ （光）;疑是地上霜。O can it be hoarfrost on the ground?举头望明月，Looking up, I find the moon ____72____ （明亮）;低头思故乡。Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned.—Translated by Xu YuanchongXu Yuanchong is a famous translator in China. He built a cultural ____73____ （桥梁）among Chinese, English and French speakers. He showed the special beauty of ancient Chinese ____74____ （诗歌）when translating them into another language. Through Xu’s translations, English and French speaking readers are able to ____75____ （理解）Chinese works better. Meanwhile, Chinese readers can enjoy foreign works more. Xu Yuanchong started to translate during his college years. In 1939, he published his earliest English translation. In the late 1940s, he ____76____ （花费）a few years studying in France. After he graduated, he ____77____ （返回）to China and put all his efforts to translation. He said, “The greatest joy on the earth is to introduce the beauty created by people to the ____78____ （整个）world.” Xu Yuanchong believed that translation was a kind of art and it was endless. On June 17, 2021, after giving his life to translation for more than ____79____ （六十）years, Xu passed away in Beijing at the age of 100. Today, more than 100 kinds of Xu’s books have been popular at home and _____80_____ （在国外）.As Xu said, “Life is not how long you live, but how long you can remember.” He enjoyed a life worth remembering.