Unit 1 Life Choices【过知识】-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习（北师大版2019必修第一册）

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北师大版2019必修第一册
Unit 1 Life Choices【过知识】
Step 1 考点必备
【过单词】
重点单词
►核心词汇——写其形
1．____________ n. 一段时期；章节
2．____________ n. 一系列；范围
3．____________ n. (工厂、医院等轮班制的)当班时间
4．____________ n. 日程表，计划表
5．____________ n. 目标，目的
6．____________ n. 质量，品质
7．____________ n. 挑战；具有挑战性的事物vt. 向……挑战
8．____________ n. 目标
9．____________ vi. & vt. 遭受(痛苦)
10．____________ n. 功能

►阅读词汇——知其意
1．feature vt. ________________
2．province n. ________________
3．tension n. ________________
4．position n. ________________
5．digestion n. ________________
6．recreation n. ________________
7．entertainment n. ________________
8．certificate n. ________________
9．volunteer vi. & vt. ________________n. ________________
10．downtown adv. ________________
11．rural adj. ________________
12．military n. ________________

重点词转
1．dust n．灰尘→________ adj.布满灰尘的
2．attract vt.吸引，诱惑→________ n．拖拉机→________ adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→________ n．魅力；诱人的事物
3．mud n．泥土→________ adj.泥泞的，多泥的
4．intend vt.计划，打算，想要→________ n．意图；意思，打算→________ adj.故意的，蓄意的
5．contribute v．捐助，贡献；投稿→________ n．贡献
6．respond v．回答，回复；响应，回应→________ n．回答；应答→________ adj.负责的；有责任心的→________ n．责任
7．confidence n．信心，自信→________ adj.自信的
8．stable adj.稳定的→________ adj.不稳定的
9．organise v．组织→________ n．组织，团体，机构
10．depend vt.依靠，依赖→________ n．依靠，依赖→________ adj.依赖的，听凭的，靠……的→________ n．独立→________ adj.独立的→________ adv.独立地，自立地
参考答案：
核心词汇
1．chapter　2.range　3.shift　4.schedule　5.goal　6.quality
7．challenge　8.target　9.suffer　10.function
阅读词汇
1．以……为特色，是……的特征　2.省　3.紧张；焦虑
4．职位；位置　5.消化　6.娱乐，消遣　7.娱乐　8.合格证书
9．自愿；志愿　志愿者　10.向/在城镇商业中心区
11．农村的，乡村的，田园的　12.军队，武装力量

重点词汇
1． dusty　
2． attractor　attractive　attraction　
3． muddy
4． intention　intentional　
5． contribution　
6． response　responsible　resposibility　
7． confident　
8． unstable
9． organisation　
10.dependence　dependent　independence　independent　independently

【过短语】
1．________________ 总而言之，总的来说
2．________________ 按……所说，根据
3．________________ 取得进步，获得成功
4．________________ 坦白说，坦率地说
5．________________ 从……毕业
6．________________ 放弃
7．________________ ……以及……
8．________________ 期待，盼望
9．________________ 有时；偶尔；间或
10．________________ 亲自
11．________________ (身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)
12．________________ 因为
13．apply for ________________
14．deal with ________________
15．adapt to ________________
16．living room ________________
17．tend to do sth. ________________
18．in other words ________________
参考答案：
高频短语
1．all in all　2.according to　3.get ahead　4.to be frank
5．graduate from　6.give up　7.as well as　8.look forward to
9．from time to time　10.in person　11.suffer from　12.due to　13.申请　14.对付，应付，处理　15.适应　16.起居室　17.易于做某事　18.换句话说

【过句式】
1．what引导的主语从句
____________________________ students in the same class can have different class schedules.
现在有很大差异的是，同一个班级的学生会有不同的课程表。
2．so...that引导的结果状语从句
Unfortunately, the job can also be stressful, especially when challenges arise and I work ________ much ________ I feel I don't see my family enough.
不幸的是，这项工作也可能会很有压力，尤其是有挑战时，并且我工作这么多，以至于我感觉和家人见面不够多。
3．that引导的同位语从句
According to them, there is a danger ________ I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends.
在他们看来，我可能无法判断这些人是不是真朋友，这是危险的。
4．“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构
It always __________________________ to work hard and achieve a team goal together.
全力以赴，一起实现团队目标，总是让我兴奋不已。
5．动名词(短语)作主语
______________________ Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an unusual experience for him.
来贵州省教书对他来说是一次不寻常的体验。
6．部分否定
However, ________________ lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes.
但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。
参考答案：
典型句式
1．What is different now is that
2．so　that
3．that
4．makes me excited
5．Coming to
6．not everything


【过语法】
语法专题——动词不定式的用法
►观察与发现
(1) 动词不定式作主语
[观察1]
To know oneself is difficult.人贵有自知之明。
To say is one thing and to do is another.说是一回事，做又是另一回事。
[发现1]　不定式具有名词的特征，可在句子中充当主语。
[观察2]
It's rude to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer.
背对着老师、拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。
It seemed a pity to have wasted so much time.
浪费了这么多时间，真是遗憾。
[发现2]　当不定式短语较长时，通常用it作形式主语，把不定式移到谓语之后，平衡句子结构。
[高考例句]
①It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.确定天才的本性并不是一件简单的事情。
②The host will like it if you have learned to use chopsticks.如果你学会了用筷子，主人会喜欢的。
[提示]
it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语
it作形式宾语，if从句作真正的宾语
(2) 动词不定式作宾语
[观察1]
Father likes to listen to music in silence. 父亲喜欢静静地听音乐。
He prefers to be starved to death rather than beg. 他宁愿饿死也不愿乞讨。
[发现1]　不定式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语。
[观察2]
We meant to have stayed there a week. 我们原打算在那儿待一个星期的。
I wanted to have dropped her a line, but forgot to do so. 我原想写一个便条给她，但忘记了。
[发现2]　在表示“希望、打算”等动词(如hope, expect, intend, mean, want, forget等)的过去式后，可接动词不定式的完成式来表示没有实现的动作。
[观察3]
The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard.
老师除了叫他努力学习外，未做任何评价。
He had no choice but to sit there as usual.
他没有选择，只好像往常一样坐在那儿。
[发现3]　不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语。
[观察4]
I found it possible to work out the problem without a computer.
我发现有可能不用计算机而解出这道题目。
[发现4]　在feel, find, make, think, consider等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语，人们常常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。
[高考例句]
①New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
新技术使得以更快的速度且更低的价格生产新产品成为可能。
②The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
让我了解了露营的朋友们认为露营就意味着要成为一个开拓者。
③Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures.
根据您所选择的角色，您可以帮助增加社区获得安全饮用水的机会，或者帮助保护有价值的当地文化。
④If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.
如果他承担这项工作，他将别无选择，只有面对甚至更大的挑战。
[提示]
it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语
mean to do...注定做……
(3) 动词不定式作定语
[观察1]
The future to greet us will be bright.
我们的未来会十分美好的。
He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.
他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
[发现1]　不定式用来修饰前面的名词，名词与不定式之间是主谓关系。
[观察2]
I have a lot of homework to finish.
我有很多家庭作业要完成。
He can find no one to make friends with.
他找不到可与之交朋友的人。
[发现2]　不定式用来修饰前面的名词，不定式和被修饰的名词之间是动宾关系，但是又和前面的主语构成主谓关系，不定式用主动形式表被动含义。
[观察3]
He broke his promise to write to his parents regularly.他没有遵守诺言定期给他父母写信。
We students should have the courage to face any difficulty.我们学生应该有勇气面对任何困难。
[发现3]　不定式用来修饰前面的名词，不定式和被修饰的名词之间是同位关系。(不定式用于解释说明被修饰词的内容)
[高考例句]
①It (乘出租车游览伦敦) is an experience to be enjoyed and remembered.
那是一种颇为享受并值得记忆的体验。
②There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题有待解决。
③Volunteering gives you a chance to change lives, including your own.
志愿活动给了你改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。
④There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause.引起人们对一项事业的关注有很多种方式。
[提示]
不定式短语作后置定语，修饰experience
不定式短语修饰many problems
不定式短语修饰a chance。 a chance to do sth.做某事的机会
(4) 动词不定式作表语
[观察1]
His wish is to become an astronaut.
他的愿望是成为一名宇航员。
What he hoped was to be admitted into the university. 他希望能被大学录取。
[发现1]　不定式作表语可以说明主语的具体内容，主语和表语的位置互换，意思不变。
[观察2]
She is to blame. 她应该受到责备。
The house is to let. 此房出租。
[发现2]　有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。
[高考例句]
①Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
大多数人认为组建一个伟大团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。
②Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property neat, clean, and in good repair.
作为一个好邻居，或许你可以做的最重要的事情之一是让你的房子整洁、干净、维修状况良好。
[提示]
不定式短语作表语，此时可以和主语the best way...互换位置，而意思不变
(5) 动词不定式作状语
[观察1]
To buy a computer, I'm saving up money.
为了买一台电脑，我正在存钱。
To save the child, he laid down his life.
为了救那个孩子，他献出了自己的生命。
[发现1]不定式作目的状语，有时为了强调或突出目的，不定式常置于句首。
[观察2]
He got to the station only to find the train had gone.他赶到车站，发现火车已经开走了。
What have I said to make you so angry?
我说了什么话使你气成这样？
[发现2]　不定式作结果状语，往往表示一些不好的或出乎意料的结果。
[观察3]
I'm glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。
[发现3]　不定式作原因状语。
[观察4]
He is slow to move.他动作很慢。
This problem is easy to solve.这个问题很容易解决。
The water is not fit to drink.这水不适合饮用。
[发现4]　句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语或宾语。不定式位于形容词后表示方式(主动表被动)。这类形容词有easy, hard, cheap, expensive, dangerous, difficult, funny, fit, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, simple, strange, useful等。
[高考例句]
①The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality.
政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改善水质。
②You don't have to run fast or for long to see the benefit.
你不必跑得很快或者很久就能看到跑步的好处。
③To make it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.
为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。
④I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later.
我会在这项工作上花一到两个小时，结果却发现，这个地区数周后又垃圾遍地。
⑤To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.
为确保你摄取足够的维生素D，但仍能保护你的皮肤，就在你要外出的时候抹防晒霜。
[提示]
sth. is＋adj. to do是英语中常见句型。
这里主语sth.是do的逻辑宾语。它可转换成To do sth. is＋adj.或It is＋adj. to do sth.这里的三种句型表示同样的意思。
例如：English is easy to learn.＝To learn English is easy.＝It is easy to learn English.
(6) 动词不定式作宾补
[观察1]
I heard them sing yesterday.
昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
Did you see him go out? 你看见他出去了吗？
[发现1]　在感官动词后作宾语补足语，常跟省略to的不定式，这类动词有1感(feel)、4看(see, watch, notice, observe)、2听(hear, listen to)。
[观察2]
What would you have me do？你要我做什么？
She made her husband give up smoking.
她让她丈夫戒了烟。
[发现2]　在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这类动词有make, let, have等。变为被动语态时，to不能省略(have没有被动语态)。
[观察3]
We consider him to be a good teacher.
我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory to be very important.
他证明那个理论是很重要的。
[发现3]　在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove, want等。这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be＋形容词或名词”结构，think, consider, find, prove等后的to be常可省略。
[观察4]
I'd prefer you to leave him alone.
我希望你不要打扰他。
I don't want there to be any trouble.
我不想有任何麻烦。
[发现4]　在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。
[观察5]
We don't allow such things to happen again.
我们不容许这种事情再发生。
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.
她要求我在她不在的时候接电话。
[发现5]　动词advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, require, order, warn, cause等后面，多接不定式(短语)作宾语补足语。
[高考例句]
①What was the author's first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back?
看到小马驹打滚时，作者的第一反应是什么？
②What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects？是什么使得乔治亚同意卖她的一些物品？
③He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after leaving a note behind to let the owner know it was safe.
他留了言告诉钱包主人钱包是安全的，然后把钱包送到了附近的警察局。
④I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
我经常告诉妈妈开慢点儿，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标。
⑤The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed to be taken out of the reading room”．
图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”
⑥Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend.
和快餐店不同，好饭店愿意让顾客待得久些并消费。
⑦They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.
我们所吃的食物被要求经过处理，以便我们能从伤痛中恢复，并恢复身体的其他几项机能。
⑧Once his message was delivered, he allowed me to stay and watch.
一旦他的信息被传递了，他就允许我待在那里观察。
[提示1]
there be句式的非限定性形式有两种基本形式：
①there being＋名词；
②there to be＋名词。
这两种形式在句中作宾语时要根据其动词的用法来选择形式①或形式②。
如：①I hope there to be a house of my own in the near future.
②I forgot there being a man waiting for me outside.
[提示2]
①agree to用来表示一方提出建议，安排，计划等，另一方同意协作。
②指双方或多方就某事通过协商，取得一致意见，达成协议，用agree on sth.
③agree with sb.同意某人/某人的意见/说的话等。

Step 2 考点突破
►重点单词
1．previous adj.以前的，先前的　previously adv.先前，在此之前
(1)have previous experience of 有过……工作经验
the previous week/day/year 前一个星期/前天/前年
previous studies 以往的研究；先前的研究
a previous marriage 上一次婚姻
previous experience 以前的经验
examine the previous work 检查以前的工作
the previous card 上一张卡片
(2)previous to... 在……以前(常作状语；其中to是介词)　　　
(3)“adj.＋to”结构的短语：
senior to 比……年长/级别高的
junior to 比……年轻/级别低的
inferior to 比……差的
superior to 比……好的
◎单句语法填空
①I had visited them three days ________ (previous).
②Although he is senior ________ his wife, he is inferior to her in salary.

2.senior adj.较高的；高级的；年长的；资深的　n．年长者　
(1)be senior to sb. 比某人年龄大；比某人级别(或地位、职位)高
a senior officer/manager/lecturer 高级军官/经理/讲师
senior high＝senior high school (美国)高中
junior high＝junior high school (美国)初中
senior citizen 老年人
(2)be junior to sb. 比某人级别低；比某人年轻
(3) 比某人年长……岁
My brother is two years senior to me.
＝My brother is senior to me by two years.
＝My brother is two years my senior.
＝My brother is my senior by two years.
＝My brother is two years older than I．
我哥哥比我大两岁。
[学法点拨]
be senior to sb. (√)
be senior than sb.(×)
◎单句语法填空
①Mary's brother is my schoolmate, but two years senior ________ my grade.
②Smith is senior to me ________ three years.
③He was described by his ________ (senior) as a model officer.

3.secondary adj.中等教育的；中级的：次要的　n．次要位置
secondary school 中学
secondary teachers/students 中学教师/中学生
secondary education 中等教育
secondary industry 第二产业，次级产业
be secondary to 与……相比是次要的；从属于，居于其次
be of secondary importance 是次要的
[易混比较]second/secondary
second侧重于顺序，意思是“第二”，与“第一”“第三”等相对比而言；
secondary侧重于重要性或价值，意思是“第二位的”“次要的”。
◎单句语法填空
①Why did some ________ (second) school students feel too much pressure?
②Our previous aim was that all children completed ________ (second) education.
③The grade is of ________ (second) importance. What is the most important is your attitude.
④Raising animals was only secondary ________ other forms of farming.
⑤Experience is what matters—age is of ________ (second) importance.

4．stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的 stress n．压力；强调；重音 vt.强调；重读 stressed adj.紧张的，有压力的　　　　
(1)a stressful life 紧张的生活
stressful days 压力颇大的日子
a stressful job 有压力的工作
a stressful experience 一次紧张的经历
(2)lay/put/place stress on/upon... 强调……的重要性
under stress 在受力时；在压力之下
reduce/relieve stress 减轻/缓解压力
be under stress 在压力下，承受压力
suffer from stress 承受压力
stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
[易混比较]stressed/stressful
stressed侧重人的感觉
stressful侧重指某事物的特点
◎单句语法填空
①Teaching can be a tiring and ________ (stress) job.
②The captain ________ (stress) the importance of good teamwork yesterday.
③When you are ________ (stress), have a break.
④The lecturer wanted to lay stress ________ the importance of education.

5.expectation n．期待；预料，预期　expect vt.预期；期待；盼望　unexpected adj.没有料到的，意外的　unexpectedly adv.未料到地，意外地
in (the) expectation of... 期待着……
beyond (one's) expectations 超出(某人的)预期
out of expectation 出乎意料
have expectations for... 对……有期待
come/live up to (one's) expectations 不辜负(某人的)期望
expect to do sth. 期望做某事
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
be expected to do 被期待做……
as expected＝as is expected 正如/正像所期待的那样
[名师点津]与as expected同样的短语还有as planned, as wished等。
◎单句语法填空
①The teachers haven't great expectations ________ her future.
②People select news in ________ (expect) of a reward.
③The offer arrived ________ expectation, and I had to decide as soon as possible.
④Because of something ________ (expect), I wonder if I can change my appointment from Tuesday to Friday.
⑤I meant to help him; ________ (unexpected) I have brought him trouble.

6.confidence n．自信，信心；信赖　confident adj.自信的；确信的　confidently adv.自信地；确信地
(1)have/show confidence in 对……有信心
lack/lose confidence in 在……方面缺少/失去信心
build their children's confidence 建立孩子的信心
with confidence 自信地
(2)be confident of/about＋n./pron./v.-ing 确信……；对……有把握
be confident that... 确信……，对……有信心；对……有把握
[易混比较]confident作“自信的，确信的”讲时，后面可以接of短语或that从句，不接动词不定式，即不能说be confident to do。confidence是不可数名词，后常接in。
◎单句语法填空
①She is confident ________ winning her partner's support.
②He is confident of ________ (get) promoted.
③The coach has ________ (confident) in his athletes.
④I can ________ (confident) promise that this year is going to be very different.

7.competence n．能力，胜任　competent adj.有能力的，能胜任的　competently adv.胜任地，适合地　　　
the competence to do sth. 做某事的能力
the competence in doing sth. 做某事的能力
beyond one's competence 超出某人的能力
within the competence of 在……的权限内
be competent to do sth. 有能力做某事
be competent in doing sth. 有能力做某事
be competent for 胜任
[词语辨析]competence与ability
表示“能力，才能”之意时，competence是正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求；ability是普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。
◎单句语法填空
①He gradually developed the competence ________ (deal) with difficult cases.
②The judge has to act ________ the competence of the court.
③I am competent ________ the position of my major and the work experience.
④As a leader, you should be competent ________ organisation and communication.

8.pressure n．压力　press vt.按，压，挤，逼迫　n．按，压，挤；出版社，新闻界　pressed adj.(时间或金钱等)紧迫的
the pressures of work 工作压力
under pressure 在压力下；承受压力
reduce pressure 减轻压力
lighten the pressure 减轻压力
put sb. under pressure 置某人于压力之下
put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力
air/water/blood pressure 气压/水压/血压
◎单句语法填空
①He changed his mind ________ the pressure from others.
②The birth of twins put pressure ________ them to find a bigger flat.
③Even if I had the talent to play tennis, I couldn't stand the ________ (press).
④I'm ________ (press) for time.

9．regret vt.遗憾；惋惜　n．遗憾；懊悔；(pl.)歉意　regretful adj.惋惜的；遗憾的
regret sth. /wh-/that从句 后悔/遗憾……
regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
regret to do sth. 对要做某事感到遗憾
accept one's regrets 接受某人的歉意
express regret 表示遗憾
to one's regret 令某人遗憾的是
with regret 遗憾地
feel (no) regret for sth. 对某事(不)觉得后悔
◎单句语法填空
①When she hung up, she regretted the way she ________ (handle) the call.
②I didn't regret ________ (give) the comment, but I felt that I could have differed in expression.
③We all have doubts and ________ (regret).
④Please accept my ________ (regret).

10．injury n．伤，损害　injure vt.使受伤；伤害　injured adj.受伤的
serious injury 重伤；严重损害
brain injury 脑损伤；颅外损伤
sports injury 运动损伤
minor injury 轻伤
a head/leg/shoulder injury 头部/腿部/肩部受伤
injury to sb. /sth. 对……的伤害
do sb. an injury＝do an injury to sb.伤害某人
[词语辨析]injury/harm/damage/wound/hurt
(1)injury多指对身体、机能等的伤害，尤指意外事故中的伤害；
(2)harm主要指精神上的伤害；
(3)damage损坏、损毁、损失，强调使部分功能缺失；
(4)wound多指战斗、攻击中所造成的伤、伤口或心灵上的创伤；
(5)hurt普通用语，多指肉体上的疼痛或对心灵的伤害。
◎单句语法填空
①I have been down since the ________ (injure) happened.
②Five people ________ (injure) in the car crash the other day.
◎选词填空：injure/hurt/wound
③I didn't ________ your pride on purpose.
④The thief ________ her in the arm with his knife.
⑤Don't ________ yourself with that tool.

11.unfortunately adj.不幸地；令人遗憾地　fortune n．运气　fortunate adj.幸运的
unfortunate adj.不幸的　fortunately adv.幸运地
try one's fortune 碰运气
make a fortune 发财，赚大钱
be fortunate in (doing) sth. (做)某事很幸运
be fortunate to do sth 幸运地做某事
It is fortunate (for sb.) that... (对某人来说)……是幸运的。
◎单句语法填空
①________ (fortunate), the restaurant he recommended fell far short of our expectations.
②She was fortunate ________ (find) a rare book she needed.
③He was ________ (fortunate) to lose in the final round.
④________ (fortunate) for him, he was very soon offered another job.
⑤You are fortunate ________ having such friends.

12.various adj.各种各样的；多种(类型)的　vary v．不同；变化　variety n．品种；多样性
(1)vary in 在……方面不同
vary with 随……而变化
vary between...and... 在……和……之间变化
vary from...to... 从……到……变化不等
(2)“各种各样的”表示法
all kinds/sorts/types of
a (great/wide/large) variety of
varieties of
◎单句语法填空
①________ (variety) people said they had seen the accident.
②The weather ________ (vary) from hour to hour.
③Cherries vary ________ colour from almost black to yellow.
④The shop, though small, has a satisfactory ________ (various) of goods.

13．necessity n．必需品；需要；必然　necessary adj.必要的，必需的，不可避免的　necessarily adv.必要地，必需地，必然地
(be) of necessity 必然，不可避免的
meet the necessity of 满足……的需要
feel the necessity of 感到有……的必要
the basic necessities of life 基本的生活必需品
daily necessities 日用品
household necessities 家庭必需品
in case of necessity 以备不时之需
the necessity for... ……的必要
the necessity of doing sth. 做某事的必要
It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)有必要做某事
It is necessary that sb. (should) do sth. 某人有必要做某事
◎单句语法填空
①There is no ________ (necessary) to buy tickets in advance.
②Tourism is an industry that has a ________ (necessary) close connection with governments.
③Food, clothing and shelter are all basic ________ (necessity) of life.

14．addict n．对……着迷的人　vt.沉溺；使……上瘾　addicted adj.(人)对……着迷的；有瘾的　addictive adj.(事物)使人入迷的；使人上瘾的　addiction n．入迷；瘾
(1)a TV/music/basketball addict 电视/音乐/篮球迷
an Internet addict 网络成瘾者
a shopping addict 购物狂
a work addict 工作狂
(2)addict sb./oneself to 使某人/自己沉溺于……(to是介词)
be/become/get addicted to 对……上瘾；沉迷于(to是介词)
(3)addiction to sth. ……瘾
highly addictive 非常容易使人上瘾
[易混辨析]addictive用于说明事物的性质；addicted用于说明人的状态，常作表语。
◎单句语法填空
①Some children become too addicted ________ chocolate.
②He is now fighting his ________ (addict) to alcohol.
③Smartphone game addicts can hardly decrease their ________ (addict) behaviors.
④I don't want the kids to get ________ (addict) to stupid TV programmes.

15.goal n．目标；得分；球门；射门
(1)have a goal 有一个目标
keep a goal 保持目标
set a goal 设定目标
set yourself some long-term goals 为自己订一些长期目标
achieve/reach/gain/obtain one's goal 达成目标
work towards a goal 争取达到目标　　　
a common goal 共同目标
one's main/primary goal 某人的首要目标
a short-term goal/a long-term goal 短期目标/长期目标
(2)keep goal 守门
score/kick/get/make a goal
得分，进球得分；踢进一球
[同义词积累]
aim n．目的；目标
purpose n．目标，目的
intention n．目的；意图
◎写出句中goal的含义
①That last goal was a beauty.____________
②He decided to reach his goal at all risks.____________
③They had three goals in the first half, and another two in the second.____________
◎单句语法填空
④We scored five ________ (goal) in the first half of the match.

16．target n．目标；对象；靶　vt.把……作为目标；瞄准
aim at/track a target 瞄准/追踪目标
achieve/reach one's target 达到目标
hit/set the target 完成/定指标
fire at the target 对着靶子射击
miss the target 未击中靶子
target audience 目标观众；目标客户
on target 击中要害的；准确的
a target date 预定日期
sales targets 销售目标
off target 偏离目标
[名师点津]除target外，aim，goal等也有“目标，目的”之意。
◎单句语法填空
①I've set myself ________ target of running 2 miles every day.
②I aimed at ________ target but hit the wall.

17．distance n．距离，间距；远方，远处；疏远，冷淡　distant adj.遥远的；疏远的　distantly adv.遥远地；疏远地，陌生地
in the distance 在远处(距离很远)
at/from a distance 从远处，离开一段距离(不是很远)
within walking distance 在步行距离之内
keep...at a distance 与……保持一定距离
keep one's distance (from) (与……)保持距离
be distant from... 远离……
[词语辨析]distant, far与remote
这三个词的共同意思是“远的；遥远的”。其区别是：
distant指时间上、空间上的遥远，也可指亲属关系上的疏远；
far除表示实际距离的远和时间的遥远外，还可指程度上的远；
remote指时间或距离上是遥远的，也指在感情、兴趣等方面距离很大的，还指关系方面疏远的或淡薄的。
◎单句语法填空
①My house is four miles' ________ (distant) from the sea.
②We can see the mountain ________ a distance of three kilometres.
③________ the distance, the sky was beginning to brighten.
④I looked at her ________ (distant) and didn't want to disturb her.

18．reduce vt.减少；降低；缩小；使沦落　reduction n．减少，降低，减价
reduce by... 减少了……(by表示幅度)
reduce to... 减少到……(to表示结果)
reduce sb./sth. to 使陷入(更坏的)境地；使沦落
reduce sb. to doing sth. 使某人落魄到做某事
be reduced to (doing) sth. 沦落到(做)……的地步
reduce our dependence on oil 减少我们对石油的依赖
reduce the generation gap 缩小代沟
reduce the risk of heart disease 减少得心脏病的风险
reduce sb. to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默
reduce sth. to ashes/ruins 把某物(尤指建筑物)化为灰烬/夷为废墟
[易错比较](1)reduce...to...压缩/降低到……(to表示减少的结果)
reduce...by...减少了……(by表示减少的程度)
be reduced by 20% over the past year
过去一年减少了20%
(2)increase v．增长，增加
increase to增长到
increase by增加了
increase the price of housing by 40%
把房价提高了百分之四十
◎单句语法填空
①The cost reduced ________ 30% after employing his new method.
②The flood resulted in a considerable ________ (reduce) in production.
③All the buildings in the town have been reduced ________ rubble.

19.seek vt. & vi.(sought, sought) 寻找；寻求；请求　vi.设法；试图
seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路
seek (one's) advice 征求(某人的)意见
＝seek advice (from sb.) (向某人)征求意见
seek (one's) help/assistance 请求(某人的)帮助/援助
seek support 寻求支持
seek neither fame nor fortune 既不追名，也不逐利
seek to do sth. 设法做某事
seek sb./sth. out 挑选出，物色
Nothing seek, nothing find. 无所求则无所获。
seek for 寻求
seek from 从……寻求
◎单句语法填空
①We ________ (seek) long and hard but found no answer.
②We seek ________ (improve) relations between our two countries.
③He was seeking among his untidy papers ________ the right one.

20．function n．功能；职责　vi.运转；工作；起作用　functional adj.功能的；实用的；作用的
unusual functions 不寻常的功能
bodily functions 身体机能
the function of a policeman 警察的职责
the function of a clock 钟表的功能
the function of the heart 心脏的功能
perform/fulfill a(n)...function 履行……职责，发挥……功能
perform a variety of functions 履行多种职责
function as 起……作用；具有……功能
function as a mobile phone 具有移动电话的功能
function well/normally 运转良好/正常
[误区警示]function不能用于被动语态
◎单句语法填空
①Some English adverbs function ________ adjectives.
②The telephone was out of order, but is ________ (function) now.
③More generally, the Internet ________ (function) as if it were my memory.
④The engineers get the engine to perform even unusual ________ (function).

21．revise vi. & vt.复习　vt.改变，修改；修订　revision n．复习
(1)revise for one's exam 复习备考
revise one's lessons 复习功课
a revised edition of a textbook 课本的修订版
(2)start one's revision 开始复习
do one's revision 复习
◎单句语法填空
①I used to do some voluntary work to help some teen boys and girls ________ (revision) their lessons after class.
②I have noticed that his schedule for ________ (revise) is divided into three parts.

22．count v．数数；计算总数；重要；正式接纳；认为，看作　n．总数；数数；量的计数
(1)count...in 把……计算在内，包括……
count...out 不包括……
count on/upon(＝depend/rely on/upon) 依赖，依靠，指望
count for much/little 价值大/不大
count...as... 把……看作……
count up(＝add up) 把……加起来
(2)discount n. 折扣v. 打折
account n. 账户；描述；说明
v. 认为是；说明；(数量、比例上)占
◎单句语法填空
①I ________ (count) twelve shades of green from where I stand.
②That was the first time I had counted ________ the media in a moment of emergency.
◎完成句子
③与你们的贡献比较起来，我们的算不了什么。
Compared to yours, our contributions ________________________．

23．inspire vt.鼓励，激励；使产生(某种感情)，激起　inspired adj.能力卓越的；品质优秀的　inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的　inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞　　　
(1)inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
be inspired by... 受……鼓舞
激发某人的某种情感
(2)a rich source of inspiration 丰富的灵感源泉
look for inspiration 寻找灵感
做某事的灵感
an inspiration to/for sb. 对某人来说是一种鼓舞
under the inspiration of sb. 在某人的鼓舞下
[误区警示]inspiration作“鼓舞人心的人或事物”讲时是抽象名词具体化，作“灵感”讲时是不可数名词。
◎单句语法填空
①They inspire the country ________ their selflessness and courage.
②His brother's example inspired him ________ (try) out for the football team.
③His speech was ________ (inspire) and touched my heart.
④Many poets and artists have drawn their ________ (inspire) from nature.
⑤He was obviously an ________ (inspire) leader.
⑥You inspired me ________ playing the piano so beautifully.

24．eager adj.热切的；渴望的　eagerly adv.渴望地　eagerness n．渴望；热心；热切　　　　
(1)be eager for sth. 渴望某物
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager that... (should) do sth. 渴望……(从句多用虚拟语气)
(2)be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物
be anxious about... 为……担心
be anxious to do sth 急切地做某事
[词语辨析]anxious与eager
这两个词都可表示“担心”“焦急”，其区别是：anxious着重指消极的“担心”或“焦急”；
eager着重指积极的“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”带有更多的焦虑情绪。
The doctors are anxious about his health.
医生们都担心他的健康状况。
He is eager for his progress.他渴望取得进步。
◎单句语法填空
①I am not so eager ________ (get) a new car now, because the prices have gone up.
②Now, I am not so eager ________ your coming to town as I was.
③We listened ________ (eager), for he brought news of our families.
④She shows great ________ (eager) for success.
⑤The manager is eager that all the workers ________ (come) on time.

25．sort n．种，类；类型；某一种(或某一类)人　v．分类
all sorts of (＝all kinds of)各种各样的
sort of (＝kind of) 稍微；有点儿(常用于动词或形容词之前作状语，表程度，如：feel sort of tired感到有点累)
a certain sort of 某种……
various sorts of 各种各样的……
sort out 整理；把……安排好；挑出；解决
sort oneself out 自行化解
sort...by... 把……按……分类
sort...by size 把……按大小分类
sort...into... 把……分成……
[误区警示](1)kind与sort的用法说明：
用单数(kind/sort)还是复数(kinds/sorts)取决于之前的用词：
each/one/every kind of animal
每一种/一种/每一种动物
all/many/other sorts of animals
所有/许多/其他种类的动物
(2)“复数名词＋of this sort”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
这种苹果是酸的。
Apples of this sort are sour.(√)
Apples of this sort is sour.(×)
◎单句语法填空
①They sorted the oranges ________ large ones and small ones.
②Let's leave the two of them to sort themselves ________．
③You can actually sort ________ “priced high to low” if you like buying great-looking necklaces.


26．supply n．供应，供给；(常用复数)日用品，补给品　vt.供应，供给，提供　　　
a large supply of... 大量供应……
be in short supply 供应短缺
supply sth. to sb./sth.＝supply sb./sth. with sth.
向某人/某物提供某物
provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
为某人提供某物
offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb. 提供给某人某物
supply and demand 供求关系
[学法点拨]表示“给某人供应某物”时，如果supply后的宾语是所提供的对象，应在介词with后接所提供的内容，不用supply sb. sth结构。当supply后的宾语是所提供的内容时，应在介词to后接所提供的对象，此时介词to不能用for替代。
◎单句语法填空
①What will happen when food and petrol ________ (supply) run low?
②Now we supply power ________ nine-tenths of the city's homes.
③He supplied me ________ the answer.
④Many drugs were ________ short supply during the war.

27．confident adj.自信的　confidently adv.有信心地，自信地　confidence n．信任；把握；信心
(1)be confident
(2)give sb. the confidence to do sth.
给某人做某事的信心
with confidence 自信地
have/show confidence in 对……有信心
lack confidence in 在某方面缺少信心
(3)be confident that... 确信；对……有把握
(＝be sure that...，在表示“十分”确信时，可以用quite来修饰confident或者sure，构成be quite confident/sure that...)
◎单句语法填空
①I can ________ (confident) promise that this year is going to be very different.
②Your encouragement made me more confident ________ my future.
③The teacher wants the children to feel confident ________ asking questions when they don't understand.
④We have confidence ________ our expectation of a full recovery.

28．contact n．联系，联络；熟人　v．(写信、打电话)联系(某人)；与……接触
contact sb. 与某人联系
have much contact with 与……常联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
make contact with 与……取得联系
come into contact with 开始与……接触
make eye contact with 和……目光接触；与……进行眼神交流
in contact with 接触；与……有联系
in one's contact with 在某人与……的接触中
bring sb. into contact with 使某人与……接触
There is little contact between...and...
……和……之间几乎没联系
◎单句语法填空
①Have the children been ________ contact with the disease?
②I've lost contact ________ most of my school friends.
③In the course of my everyday life, I had very little contact ________ teenagers.
④Pleasure trips will bring you ________ contact with new and interesting people.

29.contribution n．贡献；捐款；投稿　contribute v．贡献；捐助；投稿
make a contribution 做出贡献；捐款
make a great contribution to 对……做出巨大贡献
generous contribution 慷慨捐助
make a contribution to charity 给慈善事业捐款
contribute...to... 向……捐赠……
contribute to 有助于；促成；是……的原因之一
Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote this story and contributed it to a magazine.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这促使他重新回到了校园。一位作家把这个故事写了下来，并向一家杂志投稿。
[词语辨析]contribution与donation
contribution指人们为支持某团体、某机构而提供的物品，如为某学校、剧团等捐赠的钱、物、设备等；
donation除了指为某团体、某机构而提供的物品外，还特指向穷苦人民、受灾群众捐赠的衣服、粮食或物品等。
◎单句语法填空
①The writer personally contributed ￡ 5，000 ________ the earthquake fund.
②He was awarded a prize for his ________ (contribute) to world peace.
③I am sure your suggestion will contribute to ________ (solve) the problem.

30．intend vt.计划，打算，想要　intention n．目的，意图；打算　intended adj.预期的；计划的
intend to do/doing sth. 打算/想要做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
be intended for 专为……准备/设计的
have an intention to do/of doing sth. 有意做某事
have no intention of doing sth. 没有做某事的打算
by intention 故意；有意
without intention 无意地
[学法点拨]had intended to do sth.意为“本打算做某事”，表示过去未曾实现的愿望。有这种用法的词还有plan，hope，think，expect，mean等。
John had intended to find a job in business, but abandoned that plan later.约翰原本想在商界找份工作，但是后来他放弃了那个计划。
◎单句语法填空
①He intended his second son ________ (join) the army.
②What do you intend ________ (do) when you get to this place?
③I am not a person pursuing position and wealth ________ intention.
④I ________ (intend) to go there with them, but I was ill.
⑤I intended all my property ________ my grandchildren.
⑥We have an ________ (intend) of travelling abroad this summer vacation.

►重点短语
1．all in all总而言之，总的来说＝on the whole/in a word
All in all, he's more learned than he was ten years ago.总的说来，他比十年前更有学问了。
He has his faults, but, all in all, he is a good helper.他虽有缺点，但总的说来，他是一个好帮手。
first of all 首先，第一(强调顺序)
above all 首先，最重要的是(强调重要性)
not at all 根本不，完全不
after all 毕竟，终究
in all 总共，总计
◎单句语法填空
①He has his faults, but, all ________ all he has the competence to solve the problem.
②________ all some 15 million people live in the selected apartments.
③First ________ all, you must take good care of your little sister.

2.a variety of各种各样的
(1)a variety of activities/reasons各种各样的活动/理由
a wide/great/large variety of多种多样，五花八门
(2)a variety of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词＋其他
varieties of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词＋其他
◎完成句子
①我喜欢漫步于各种各样的礼品店。
I like wandering among __________________________ shops selling gifts.
②我们应该吃多种碳水化合物、水果和蔬菜来使我们精力充沛。
We should eat ________________________ carbs, fruit, and vegetables to keep us dynamic.

3．from time to time有时；偶尔；间或
From time to time, I looked up from my notebook.我的目光不时地离开笔记本向上看。
(1)表示“有时；偶尔”的词(组)：
sometimes, at times, occasionally, once in a while, (every)now and then
(2)ahead of time 提前
at a time 每次，逐一
in no time 立刻，马上
at no time 决不
all the time 始终，一直
at one time 曾经，一度
in time 及时；迟早
on time 按时，准时
over time 渐渐地，慢慢地
for the time being 眼下，暂时
◎单句语法填空
①________ one time I used to go skiing every winter.
②________ no time should we give in to difficulties.
③The wounded soldier should be sent to the hospital ________ no time.
④Some unexpected problems arise ________ time to time.

4．in other words换句话说(＝that is to say)
in a word 总之，简言之
in words 用语言
keep one's word 遵守诺言
break one's word 食言，违背诺言
have a word with... 与……谈话
have words with... 与……吵架
[误区警示]上述短语中，名词单复数的变化导致短语语义的变化，如in a word与in words。此外，不同的动词搭配相同的名词也可以构成不同的短语，如keep one's word和break one's word。
◎单句语法填空
①________ other words, with hard work any difficulty can be overcome.
②If you break my camera, I'll have ________ (word) with you.
③In ________ word, we'll provide you with all good service.

5．tend to do sth.易于做某事，往往会发生某事　tendency n．倾向，趋势
Men tend to put on weight in the middle age.
男人到了中年体重往往会增加。　
tend (to) sb./sth. 照顾……，照料……
tend towards... 有……的趋势，倾向于……
tend on/upon 照顾，照管
a tendency to... 倾向于……
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
[词语辨析]tend与attend
tend与attend都有“照料(某人或某物)”的意思，但tend侧重“注意某事使其正常运转”，而attend侧重“服侍使其更舒服”。
He attended her through her illness.
她生病期间他一直照顾着她。
The shepherd tends his sheep.
牧羊人看管他的羊群。
◎单句语法填空
①Her novels tend ________ (deal) with affairs of the heart.
②Linda has to tend ________ her master to make a living.
③There is a ________ (tend) to shut museums or shops at a moment's notice.
④The English seasons and climate tend ________ extremes.

6.live up to sth.符合(标准)；遵守(诺言)；不辜负；无愧于；配得上；比得上
live up to one's promise 信守诺言，履行诺言
live up to the expectation of sb. 不辜负某人的期望
live up to sb. 配得上某人
live up to one's reputation 不负盛名，名不虚传，名副其实
live to 活到(……年纪)
live to oneself 过孤独的生活
live to see the day 活着看到那一天
◎单句语法填空
①He had no intention of living up ________ his promise.
②I hope I can live up to the ________ (expect) of my parents.
③His wife was so clever ________ he felt that he would never live ________ to her.
④He found ________ difficult to live up ________ the reputation as a hero.
⑤He always had a lonely nature and chose to live to ________ (oneself).

7．give up放弃，打消；对……不抱希望
give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事/停止做某事
give up on 对……不再抱有希望
give away 泄露(秘密)；暴露；捐赠
give back 归还，送回
give in (to) 投降；屈服，让步；呈交，交上
give off 发出(气味、光、热、声音等)
give out 用完，耗尽；精疲力竭；分发；公布；发出(光、热、信号等)
◎单句语法填空
①You shouldn't give up ________ him so easily.
②Has he given ________ the tools he borrowed from you?
③Please give your examination papers ________ to the teacher when you finish.
④If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give ________ poisonous gases.
⑤The news of the President's death was given ________ in a radio broadcast.
⑥Don't give ________ to the public when we will start.
⑦They won't give in ________ pressure.

8．deal with对付，应付，处理；涉及，论及；和……做生意
Deal with a man as he deals with you.
以其人之道，还治其人之身。 　　
(1)deal with＋
deal with the customer's complaint
处理顾客的投诉
deal with that dog 对付那条狗
deal with the difficult boss 与这位难缠的
老板打交道
(2)deal with 论述
a book dealing with the present situation
论述当前形势的一本书
(3)make a deal with... 与……做交易
have a great deal to do with...(＝have a lot/much to do with...) 和……有很大关系
[易错提示]deal with常与how连用，do with常与what连用。
How do you deal with the problem?
What do you do with the problem?
你怎样处理这个问题？
◎单句语法填空
①A man should learn suitable ways to deal ________ life.
②They have learned to ________ (deal) with various persons.
③This is a book ________ (deal) with Asian problems.
④Interruptions are one of the worst things ________ (deal) with while you're trying to get work done.
⑤He knows ________ to deal with men, but when he meets women, he doesn't know ________ to do with them.


►典型句式
1．that引导同位语从句
[归纳总结](1)在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句，常常跟在fact，idea，opinion，news, hope，belief等名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容，可以由名词、代词、短语及句子来充当同位语。同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，对前面的抽象名词作进一步的解释和说明。
We heard the news that our team had won.
我们听到了我们队赢了的消息。
The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.
采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。
(2)英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that, whether，连接代词what，who及连接副词how, when，where等。if不能引导同位语从句。
There is still some doubt whether or not they can complete the task on time.
仍然有人怀疑他们能否按时完成任务。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①The idea ________ you can do the work well without thinking is quite wrong.
②People used to hold the belief ________ the earth was the center of the universe.
③The thought came to him ________ the visitors had left the village.
④He must answer the question ________ he agrees with it or not.
⑤I have no idea ________ size shoes she wears.
⑥We haven't yet settled the question ________ we are going to spend our summer vacation.

2．make＋宾语＋宾补
[归纳总结]make用作使役动词表示“使，使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。
make常用复合结构如下：
(1)make＋宾语＋n.使/让某人/某物(成为)……
(2)make＋宾语＋adj.使某人/某事(变得)
(3)make＋宾语＋do sth.(不带to的不定式)使某人做某事
(4) make＋宾语＋v.-ed(过去分词作宾补) 使某人/某事被……
(5)make＋it(形式宾语)＋n./adj.＋to do sth./that...(真正的宾语)
We made him chairman of our English Speaking Society.我们选他为我们英语演讲协会的主席。
Music makes our life colourful.
音乐使我们的生活丰富多彩。
Work hard and make your dream come true.
努力工作，让你的梦想成真。
The speaker raised his voice to make himself heard.
演讲者提高了嗓门，以便让别人听到他的讲话。
Working hard will make it possible for us to enter the ideal university to study science and technology.
努力学习就会使我们进入理想大学学习科学技术成为可能。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①Can you make it ________ (suit) for children?
②Our teacher makes us ________ (feel) more confident.
③The strange noise made us ________ (frighten).
④Children should be made ________ (understand) the importance of saving water.

3.部分否定(not everything)
[归纳总结](1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
Not all men can be masters.
＝All men cannot be masters.
并非人人都能成为大师。
Not both the windows are open.
＝Both the windows are not open.
不是两扇窗户都开着。
I don't entirely agree with your idea.
我不完全同意你的想法。
(2)全部否定表达法：表示全部否定意义的词(none，neither，nothing，nobody，no one，never等)与肯定形式的谓语动词连用。
No student goes to the farm on Sundays.
没有学生在星期天去农场。
Neither of the films is interesting.
这两部电影都无趣。
Nothing in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
The meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.
会议将于九月举行，但没有人知道确切日期。
[基础练习]翻译句子
①我的朋友都不懂法语。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
②他们并非都来自上海。
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
③没有什么能阻挡历史的车轮。
________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
④他上午并不都在这里。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
⑤我没有完全掌握书中的内容。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
⑥不是每个专家都在场。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

4．what引导名词性从句
[归纳总结](1)what在引导名词性从句时的三大特点：①不可省略；②作成分；③有词义。
that在引导名词性从句时的三大特点：①不可省略(宾语从句除外)；②不作成分；③没有词义。
(2)what引导主语从句时，谓语动词的单复数问题：
①what引导主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数。
What is the most important in life isn't money.
人生最重要的不是金钱。
②如果what在主语从句中作宾语，主句谓语动词的单复数由主句宾语或表语决定。
What we need are a few bright young engineers.我们所需要的是几位聪明的年轻工程师。
What we need is enough water.
我们需要足够的水。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①I truly believe ________ beauty comes from within.
②I made a list of ________ we need to buy in the supermarket.
③________ is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilised world.
④After ________ seemed to be a long time he came to life.
⑤The colour of the flower is different from ________ it was in the morning.
⑥Perseverance is a kind of quality and that is ________ it takes to do anything well.5.动名词(短语)作主语
[教材原句]Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an experience for him.
来贵州省教书对他来说是一次不寻常的体验。
[归纳总结](1)单个动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Performing on the stage makes me nervous.
在舞台上表演使我紧张。
(2)动名词(短语)作主语，与动词不定式(短语)作主语相似，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语即动名词(短语)放到后面。
It is no use telling him to keep his room clean.
让他保持房间干净没有用。
(3)常用动名词(短语)作主语(真正的主语)的句型：
＋v.-ing
It is no use shouting in anger.
怒吼是没有用的。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①________ (be) a middle school teacher is fun.
②Singing ________ (be) better than saying.
③Walking on the surface of the moon ________ (be )difficult.
④________ (play) Chinese folk music on the piano is a way to bring the traditional music to the world.
⑤It's a waste of time ________ (persuade) such a person to join us.
⑥________ (hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.

参考答案：
重点单词
1．①previously　②to
2．①to　②by　③seniors
3．①secondary　②secondary　③secondary　④to　⑤secondary
4．①stressful　②stressed　③stressed　④on/upon
5．①for　②expectation　③beyond　④unexpected　⑤unexpectedly
6．①of/about　②getting　③confidence　④confidently
7．①to deal　②within　③for　④in
8．①under　②on　③pressure　④pressed
9．①had handled　②giving/having given　③regrets　④regrets
10．①injury　②were injured　③hurt　④wounded　⑤injure
11．①Unfortunately　②to find　③unfortunate
④Fortunately　⑤in
12．①Various　②varies　③in　④variety
13．①necessity　②necessarily　③necessities
14．①to　②addiction　③addictive　④addicted
15．①进球　②目标　③得分　④goals
16．①a　②the
17．①distance　②at　③In　④distantly
18．①by　②reduction　③to
19．①sought　②to improve　③for
20．①as　②functional　③functions　④functions
21．①revise　②revision
22．①count　②on/upon　③count for little
23．①with　②to try　③inspiring　④inspiration
⑤inspired　⑥by
24．①to get　②for　③eagerly　④eagerness
⑤(should) come
25．①into　②out　③by
26．①supplies　②to　③with　④in
27．①confidently　②of　③about　④in
28．①in　②with　③with　④into
29．①to　②contribution　③solving
30．①to join　②doing/to do　③by　④had intended　⑤for　⑥intention

重点短语
1．①in　②In　③of
2．①a variety of　②a wide variety of
3．①At　②At　③in　④from
4．①In　②words　③a
5．①to deal　②on　③tendency　④towards
6．①to　②expectation　③that　up　④it　to　⑤himself
7．①on　②back　③in　④off　⑤out　⑥away　⑦to
8．①with　②deal　③dealing　④to deal　⑤how　what

典型句式
1．①that　②that　③that　④whether　⑤what　⑥where
2．①suitable　②feel　③frightened　④to understand
3．①None of my friends knows French.　②Not all of them are from Shanghai./All of them are not from Shanghai.
③Nothing can hold back the wheel of history.　④He is not always here in the morning.　⑤I can't catch everything in the book.　⑥Every expert is not present.
4．①that　②what　③What　④what　⑤what　⑥what
5．①Being　②is　③is　④Playing　⑤persuading　⑥Hearing




Step 3 考点过关
Part Ⅰ　Topic Talk
Ⅰ.练单词—记牢固
A．请根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示用正确的单词填空
1．My present school d________ from my previous one in many ways.
2．As senior three students, we always have busy class s________ every day.
3．We enjoy our life on the ________ (校园).
4．It takes him a long time to ________ (康复) from the injuries.
5．It is a new ________ (篇章) in my life.
6．________ (不幸的是), he failed the job interview.
7．We suffer from p________ when we have important exams.
8．We held a group discussion about the p________ and negatives about the job of a reporter.
9．What do you usually do for fun in your l________ time just like the weekend?
10．My new school life is more exciting and ________ (有活力的)．
B．用准用活：请根据句子语境，用所给提示词的正确形式完成句子
Group 1：stressful
1．She finds her new teaching job very ________ and challenging.
2．Janet's been under a lot of ________ since her mother's illness.
3．I always eat when I'm feeling ________ before the exams.
Group 2：fruit, expect
1．I ________ to have a more ________ and satisfying life.
2．Would you please share with us what your ______ are in the new school?
Group 3：recover, injury
1．I get to help people ________ from illnesses and ________．
2．His full ________ surprised everyone of us after being ________ in the accident.
Group 4：challenging
1．Actually, my new work life is full of ________ and stress.
2．I'm fond of the ________ lifestyle, which keeps me motivated (有动力的).
Group 5：dynamic
1．The new school life is more ________ than I expected.
2．There is a ________ growing market in the countryside.
Group 6：competence
1．I hope I will develop ________ in a variety of new skills.
2．He is ________ for the job because of his new qualifications.
Ⅱ.练短语—记牢固
请根据所给中文写出相应的短语
1．与……不同____________________
2．培养对……的信心____________________
3．培养……方面的能力____________________
4．不后悔/没有遗憾____________________
5．从……中康复____________________
6．为……喝彩/加油____________________
7．从有利的方面来说____________________
8．各种的____________________
9．给某人施加压力____________________
10．做决定____________________
Ⅲ.练句子—用活用准短语
核心短语练习：请根据中文提示用正确的短语完成句子
1．我不后悔，因为我帮助过很多人。
I ________________ as I have helped a lot of people.
2．听见别人为自己喝彩是很棒的。
It is great to hear others ________________．
3．我想要在各种技能方面提升自己。
I would like to improve myself in ______________ skills.
4．我目前的学校很多方面不同于我原来的学校。
My present school ______________ my previous one.
5．从有利的方面来说，我希望我们的校园生活更丰富多彩。
________________， I hope our campus life will be more colourful.
Ⅳ.微写作
根据汉语提示完成句子
1．He's in hospital, ________________(从……中恢复) a heart attack.
2．Thanks to your help, we finished the task ________________________ (提前).
3．The more the fails, the more he ________________________(对……失去信心)his abilities.
4．The people there were friendly and the food was delicious. ________________________ (总而言之)，the party was pleasant.
5．The builders are now ________________________________ (面临着……的挑战) completing the new campus on schedule.
6．He is determined to ________________________________________________ (不辜负……的期望) the company.
7．The first senior high school ________________ (与……不同) the second one in size.
8．Unfortunately, more problems ________________ (产生于) the meeting.
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm a new senior secondary school student. I feel 1.________ (excite) because this school 2.________ (different) in many ways from the former one. 3.________ (previous), we had fixed classrooms 4.________ students sat in rows. But now it is different. We go to different classrooms for different subjects of our own 5.________ (choose). 6.________ the next three years, I hope I will develop 7.________ (confident) in speaking English and develop competence in a 8.________ (vary) of new skills. I hope to have 9.________ happier and 10.________ (satisfy) life in my new school.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.
A．1.differs　2.schedules　3.campus　4.recover　5.chapter
6．Unfortunately　7.pressure　8.positives　9.leisure　10.dynamic
B．Group 1：
1．stressful　2.stress　3.stressed
Group 2：
1．expect　fruitful　2.expectations
Group 3：
1．(to) recover　injuries　2.recovery　injured
Group 4：
1．challenges　2.challenging
Group 5：
1．dynamic　2.dynamically
Group 6：
1．competence　2.competent
Ⅱ.
1．differ from　2.develop confidence in...
3．develop competence in...　4.have no regrets
5．recover from　6.cheer for　7.on the plus side
8．a variety of　9.put pressure on sb.
10．make a decision/decisions
Ⅲ.
1．have no regrets　2.cheering on yourself　3.a variety of
4．differs in many ways　5.On the plus side
Ⅳ.
1．recovering from　2.ahead of schedule　3.loses confidence in
4．All in all　5.facing the challenge of　6.live up to the expectations of　7.differs from　8.arose from
Ⅴ.
1．答案与解析：excited　考查形容词。feel是系动词，后面应跟形容词做表语。-ed式形容词修饰人，本句主语是I。故填excited。
2．答案与解析：differs　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知本句描述现在的状况，应用一般现在时；主语this school是第三人称单数，所以应填differs。
3．答案与解析：Previously　考查副词。本空应填副词，修饰整个句子，previous的副词形式为previously，注意单词在句首，首字母应大写。
4．答案与解析：where/and　考查定语从句/连词。classrooms为先行词。后面的“__4__ students sat in rows”为定语从句，引导词代替先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填where。也可以把本句看作并列句，前后为顺承关系，故填and。
5．答案与解析：choices　考查名词。由空前的our own可知此处应填choose的名词形式，由语境可知应用复数，故填choices。
6．答案与解析：In　考查介词。in the next three years“在接下来的三年里”。
7．答案与解析：confidence　考查名词。空格处做develop的宾语，应用名词形式confidence。
8．答案与解析：variety　考查固定短语。a variety of为固定短语，表示“各种各样的”，后跟可数名词的复数形式。
9．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。have a/an...life是固定搭配，表示“过……的生活”。happier以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10．答案与解析：more satisfying　考查形容词的比较级。句中的and连接两个并列结构，由happier可知空格处应填形容词的比较级形式。life是名词，应用-ing式形容词修饰。故填more satisfying。
Part Ⅱ　Lesson 1　Lifestyles

Ⅰ.练单词—记牢固
请根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示用正确的单词填空
1．It is really c________ to travel around by subway, which saves much time.
2．I'm an active member of my school's long-d________ running team.
3．I try to r________ what I have learned before the exams.
4．There is a wide r________ of choices online.
5．I doubt I have become a digital a________， as I spent too much time online.
6．He took an active part in ________ (志愿的) service every summer holiday.
7．We don't have to spend much money on daily ________________ (必需品).
8．________________ (实际上), WeChat is the most popular means of communication.
9．I would compare the prices and ________ (质量) of products from different online shops.
10．Set a ________ (目标) and go ahead, and you will make it.
Ⅱ.练短语—记牢固
请根据所给中文写出相应的短语
1．做志愿者工作____________________
2．搜索引擎____________________
3．各种的____________________
4．不时；有时；偶尔；间或____________________
5．按……所说，根据____________________
6．易于做某事____________________
7．空余时间____________________
8．保持……更新____________________
9．为……做准备____________________
10．如俗话所说____________________
11．取得进步，获得成功____________________
12．亲自____________________
13．让自己远离/不做某事____________________
14．树立目标____________________
15．着手做某事____________________
Ⅲ.练句子—用活用准短语
核心短语练习：请根据中文提示用正确的短语完成句子
1．我有一个10本书的阅读清单，我还尽力让其更新。
I have a top 10 reading list and I try to ________．
2．我的目标是为大学的生物学位做准备。
My target is to ____________________ the degree in biology at university.
3．当我着手做某件事情，我会尽力去做成它。
When I ________ something, I will try my best to achieve it.
4．如果你想要事业上取得成功，你必须竭尽全力。
If you want to ________ in your career, you should spare no effort.
5．实际上，我知道有时候需要让自己远离网络世界。
Actually, I know I need to __________________ the online world sometimes.
参考答案：

Ⅰ.
1．convenient　2.distance　3.revise　4.range　5.addict
6．voluntary　7.necessities　8.Actually　9.quality
10．target/goal
Ⅱ.
1．do voluntary work　2.search engine　3.a wide range of
4．from time to time　5.according to　6.tend to do sth.
7．spare time　8.keep...updated　9.prepare for
10．as the saying goes　11.get ahead　12.in person
13．drag oneself away from　14.set a goal/target
15．set out to do sth.
Ⅲ.
1．keep it updated　2.prepare myself for　3.set out to do
4．get ahead　5.drag myself away from
Part Ⅲ　语法专题——动词不定式的用法

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If there's a lot of work ________ (do), I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished.
2．We were astonished ________ (find) the temple still in its original condition.
3．Passengers are permitted ________ (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
4．He told us whether ________ (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
5．The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ (explore) society for real-life experience.
6．Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ (stay) away.
Ⅱ.用非谓语动词适当形式完成句子
1．为了赶上早班高铁，我们起床很早。
______________ the early high-speed railway, we got up very early.
2．她总是第一个到达学校。
She is always the first ______________．
3．这个班的目标是教授如何操作电脑。
The class aims to teach ____________．
4．老师认为做早操对你有好处。
The teacher thought it would be good for you ________________________．
5．我们组长劝我什么也别说，除非有人要我说。
Our group leader advised me ________________ unless asked.
Ⅲ.语法填空
My name is Marty Fielding. I have a muscle disease which makes me unable 1.________ (run) as quickly as other. 2.________ (unfortunate), the doctors don't know how 3.________ (make) me better, but I have learned 4.________ (adapt) to my disability. In primary school some children would laugh when I got out of breath after 5.________ (run) a short way. But at high school my life is much 6.________ (easy) because my fellow students have accepted me. My ambition is 7.________ (work) for a company that develops computer software when I grow up. I have a busy life and have no time 8.________ (sit) around feeling sorry for myself. I have to work hard 9.________ (live) a normal life but it has been worth it. I think everyone should not make fun of the disabled. Instead, people should give them encouragement 10.________ (live) as rich a life as normal people do.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.
1．to do　2.to find　3.to carry　4.to have　5.to explore
6．to stay
Ⅱ.
1．To catch　2.to arrive at school　3.how to operate computers　4.to do morning exercises　5.not to say anything
Ⅲ.
1．to run　2.Unfortunately　3.to make　4.to adapt
5．running　6.easier　7.to work　8.to sit　9.to live
10．to live

Part Ⅳ　Lesson 2　Understanding and Coping with Stress

Ⅰ.练单词—记牢固
A．请根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示用正确的单词填空
1．As students, we often s________ from pressure of study.
2．To be f________， I don't like my present lifestyle.
3．We have Dr. King here, an e________ on stress.
4．To what e________ do you think that social situations can cause pressure?
5．Our school o________ a lot of after-class activities.
6．Nobody can ________ (完全地) get rid of stress.
7．You can ________ (寻求) help from family members if you get into trouble.
8．If the machine fails to perform its proper ________ (功能), it may need some rest.
9．We can ________ (减少) the expenses on daily necessities.
10．Doing exams can result in ________ (紧张) to the students.
B．用准活用：请根据句子语境，用所给提示词的正确形式完成句子
Group 1：stress
1．My new school life is very ________ and challenging.
2．As students, we often suffer a lot from the ________ of study.
3．I often feel ________ before exams.
Group 2：organise
1．Zhang Tian helps to contact a charity ________ for rebuilding the playground of the school.
2．In school, John can always get his life ________．
3．Our school often ________ after-class activities to enrich our life.
Group 3：professional
1．You should seek ________ help when you can't deal with it by yourself.
2．She is at the very top of the teaching ________．
Group 4：entirely
1．I have ________ changed my attitude to study.
2．He has tried many jobs in his ________ life.
Group 5：frank
1．________ speaking, I don't fancy going for a picnic today.
2．He is ________ with us about his plan for the future.
Ⅱ.练短语—记牢固
请根据所给中文写出相应的短语
1．在……方面的专家____________________
2．遭受____________________
3．坦白说____________________
4．因为，由于____________________
5．在哪种程度上____________________
6．换句话说____________________
7．列清单____________________
8．正常运转____________________
9．犯错误____________________
10．尤其，特别____________________
Ⅲ.练句子—用活用准短语
A．核心短语练习：请根据中文提示用正确的短语完成句子
1．史密斯先生是植物学方面的专家。
Mr. Smith is ________ in botany.
2．换句话说，他不喜欢目前的工作。
________， he doesn't like his present job.
3．如果你发现自己不能正常运转，停下来休息一会。
If you find you fail to ________， stop to have a rest.
4．我恐怕无法忍受在公众面前发言。
I'm afraid I ________ in public.
5．在考试中我会变得紧张，并且犯错误。
I will get nervous and ________ in exams.
B．核心短语练习：请根据句意和提示短语翻译句子
1．我的建议是你可以列一个清单，并且先做重要的事情。(make a list)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2．因为考试，高中的学生遭受很多压力。(suffer from)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．坦白说，我不介意帮助你的英语学习。(to be frank)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4．在多大程度上你认为社交场合有压力？(to what extent)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5．他对中国民间艺术感兴趣，尤其是剪纸。(in particular)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________



参考答案：
Ⅰ.
A．1.suffer　2.frank　3.expert　4.extent　5.organises
6．entirely　7.seek　8.function　9.reduce　10.tension
B．Group 1：
1．stressful　2.stress　3.stressed
Group 2：
1．organisation　2.organised　3.organises
Group 3：
1．professional　2.profession
Group 4：
1．entirely　2.entire
Group 5：
1．Frankly　2.frank
Ⅱ.
1．an expert at/in/on...　2.suffer from　3.to be frank
4．due to　5.to what extent　6.in other words　7.make a list
8．function properly　9.make a mistake　10.in particular
Ⅲ.
A．1.an expert　2.In other words　3.function properly
4．can't stand speaking　5.make mistakes
B.
1．My suggestion is that you should make a list and do the important things first.
2．Due to exams, senior high school students suffer from much pressure.
3．To be frank, I don't mind helping you with your English.
4．To what extent do you think social situations are stressful?
5．He is interested in Chinese folk art, the paper cutting in particular.

Part Ⅴ　Lesson 3　Your Life Is What You Make It
Ⅰ.练单词—记牢固
A．请根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示用正确的单词填空
1．He can only shower twice a week because of the unstable water s________．
2．Although he i________ to stay for one year, he now feels ready to stay for another year.
3．Zhang Tian g________ from a normal university.
4．He a________ for being a volunteer teacher in a small village several years ago.
5．Yuan Longping made a great c________ to the world agriculture.
6．He ________ (联系) the charity organisations for rebuilding the playground just now.
7．He was ________ (鼓励) by the idea of living independently.
8．He is ________ (渴望的) for a peaceful lifestyle.
9．He is ________ (负责的) for the teaching of Chinese and maths at school.
10．Paper cutting is a ________ (典型的) folk art craft in China.
B．用准活用：请根据句子语境，用所给提示词的正确形式完成句子
Group 1：muddy, dusty
In front of the classroom, there was a playground which got ________ on windy days and ________ on rainy days.
Group 2：inspire
1．He is ________ by the ________ words from his teachers to work harder in the future.
2．Nature works as the source (来源) of ________ for the poets.
Group 3：responsible
1．He is ________ for English teaching in the village school.
2．Zhang Tian is a teacher with a good sense of ________.
Group 4：independently
1．Whether we can have a picnic this weekend ________ on the weather.
2．He is eager to live ________ away from his family as he has grown up.
3．This country finally gained its ________ through several battles.
4．Children are ________ on parents in many aspects of daily life.
Group 5：attractive
1．The famous tourist ________ always ________ plenty of visitors every year.
2．The scenery here is so ________ that we almost forget to return.
Ⅱ.练短语—记牢固
请根据所给中文写出相应的短语
1．从……毕业__________________
2．被……启发/鼓舞__________________
3．申请__________________
4．各种各样的__________________
5．达到某人的希望__________________
6．和，也__________________
7．对……负责__________________
8．把……当做……对待__________________
9．为……作贡献__________________
10．打算做……__________________
Ⅲ.练句子—用活用准短语
A．核心短语练习：请根据中文提示用正确的短语完成句子
1．他想象着在乡村生活和教书各种激动人心的事情。
He imagines ________ exciting things about living and teaching in the village.
2．他找到了应对挑战和困难的方法。
He found the ways to deal with the challenges ________ difficulties.
3．作为一名支教老师，他要负责全部的学科。
As a volunteer teacher, he ________ all the subjects.
4．我写信来申请英语家教的岗位。
I'm writing ________ the post of English tutor.
5．他打算在那里再任教一年。
He ________ teach there for another year.
B．核心短语练习：请根据句意和短语提示翻译句子
1．并不是每一件事情都达到了张天的希望。(live up to one's hope)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2．张天为村庄做出了很大的贡献，所以他很受村民们欢迎。(make a contribution to)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．村民们把他当做自己人对待。(treat...as)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4．自从大学毕业，他就决心当老师。(graduate from)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5．我们从伟人的故事中备受鼓舞。(be inspired by)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cities are 1.________ (excite) and wonderful places to live. I have always enjoyed 2.________ (live) in them, as there is so much 3.________ (do) and see. There are museums, cinemas, theatres, art galleries, parks, clubs and many other places where people can meet and exchange 4.________ (idea). But there are times 5.________ I need the peace and quiet of the countryside. Cities are 6.________ (interest), and they can be beautiful, 7.________ they are never beautiful in the way that the countryside is. By this I mean that they do not have the 8.________ (beautiful) of nature, trees and hills, lakes and streams. I love cities, but sometimes I need to get out into the countryside. I think that there 9.________ (be) many people who feel 10.________ same way.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.
A．1.supply　2.intended　3.graduated/graduates　4.applied
5．contribution　6.contacted　7.inspired　8.eager
9．responsible　10.typical
B．Group 1：
dusty　muddy
Group 2：
1．inspired　inspiring　2.inspiration
Group 3：
1．responsible　2.responsibility
Group 4：
1．depends　2.independently　3.independence　4.dependent
Group 5：
1．attraction/attractions　attracts/attract　2.attractive
Ⅱ.
1．graduate from　2.be inspired by　3.apply for　4.all sorts of　5.live up to one's hope　6.as well as　7.be responsible for　8.treat...as　9.make a contribution to　10.intend to do
Ⅲ.
A．1.all sorts of　2.as well as　3.is/was responsible for
4．to apply for　5.intends/intended to
B.
1．Not everything lives up to Zhang Tian's hopes.
2．Zhang Tian makes a great contribution to the village, so he is popular among the villagers.
3．The villagers treat him as a member of them.
4．Since he graduated from university, he has been determined to work as a teacher.
5．We are greatly inspired by the stories of great people.
Ⅳ.
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，主要介绍了城市生活的便利以及不便之处。
1．答案与解析：exciting　描述事物本身具有的特征，应用-ing形容词。
2．答案与解析：living　 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。
3．答案与解析：to do　此处应用不定式作定语，there is so much to do and see表示“有很多事情可做，有很多东西可看”。
4．答案与解析：ideas　exchange ideas交流想法，是固定短语。
5．答案与解析：when　所填词引导定语从句，先行词表示时间且从句中主谓宾齐全，故用when引导。
6．答案与解析：interesting　描述事物本身具有的特征，应用-ing形容词。
7．答案与解析：but　前后存在转折关系，故用but。
8．答案与解析：beauty　定冠词the修饰名词，故用beautiful的名词形式beauty。
9．答案与解析：are　本宾语从句由that引导，且主语是many people，故be应用一般现在时复数形式are。
10．答案与解析：the　形容词same通常与冠词the连用。
Part Ⅵ　Writing Workshop，Viewing Workshop & Reading Club

Ⅰ.常用单词练习：请根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示用正确的单词填空
1．English is the f________ language of Australia.
2．This is an i________ occasion for close friends getting together.
3．We should try to a________ ourselves to the new environment as soon as possible.
4．He is preparing for his p________， having the slides corrected.
5．The government is trying to create more job chances in the r________ areas.
6．We don't have a ________ (固定的) classroom for lessons.
7．We go to different classrooms for different subjects and for different ________(水平).
8．He has just ________ (购买) a house in the centre of the city.
9．The teahouses provided resting places for the ________ (疲倦的) travellers.
10．There is a ________ (栏目) in the magazine called “Women Pioneers”．
Ⅱ.请根据所给中文写出相应的短语
1．此刻，目前____________________
2．期盼，盼望____________________
3．谋生____________________
4．因此，所以____________________
5．想出(计划，回答)____________________
6．在……中起重要作用____________________
7．稳定的网络连接____________________
8．到……结束时____________________
9．与……脱节____________________
10．如果有什么的话____________________
11．有可能做某事____________________
12．忙于做……____________________
Ⅲ.核心短语练习：请根据中文提示用正确的短语完成句子
1．目前，我们正准备参加一个比赛。
________________，we are preparing to attend a competition.
2．渔民们靠捕鱼谋生。
Fishermen ________________ by fishing.
3．到一个星期结束时，我喜欢生活在乡下。
I have loved living in the rural areas ________________ the week.
4．在城市，我可以轻易地找到稳定的网络连接。
I can easily find ________________ in the city.
5．如果有什么的话，在大城市人们更容易感到孤独。
________________， people in big cities find it easier to feel lonely.
Ⅳ.词类活用：请根据句子语境，用所给提示词的正确形式完成句子
Group 1：dissatisfied
1．She complained to me that she was ________ with the trip.
2．The government is trying hard to ________ the need for more medical help.
3．Her parents were ________ with her ________ performance in study.
Group 2：increasingly
1．Chinese tea is becoming ________ popular in the western culture.
2．The number of volunteer teachers in the countryside is ________ every year.
Group 3：connect
1．You can easily find stable Internet ________ in the city.
2．People are eager to ________ with nature during holidays.
Group 4：advantage
1．Convenience is one of the ________ of city life.
2．However, we still suffer from the ________ of city life, such as the heavy traffic.
Group 5：presentation
1．We can ________ flowers to the teachers, showing our love and respect.
2．He is asked to make a ________ about himself at the beginning of the class.
Ⅴ.核心短语练习：请根据句意和短语提示翻译句子
1．我盼望着体验大学生活。(look forward to)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2．因此，人们经常在两餐之间觉得很饿。(as a result)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．他想出了一个聪明的办法来解决这个问题。(come up with)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4．我们尽量不要与外面的世界脱节。(be cut off from)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5．我太忙于与大自然接触。(be busy doing)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Ⅵ.应用文写作
假定你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生一起进行了为期两周的交流项目。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一份致辞稿：
1．回顾双方的交流项目(如学习、生活、文艺等方面)；
2．谈谈收获；
3．表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数不少于80；
2．可适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear friends，
How time flies！_____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Thank you!
Yours，
Li Jin











参考答案：
Ⅰ.
1．formal　2.informal　3.adapt　4.presentation　5.rural　6.fixed　7.levels　8.purchased　9.weary　10.column
Ⅱ.
1．at the moment　2.look forward to　3.make a living
4．as a result　5.come up with　6. play an important role in　7.stable Internet connection　8.by the end of
9．be cut off from　10.if anything　11.be likely to do sth.　12.be busy doing
Ⅲ.
1．At the moment
2．make a living
3．by the end of
4．stable Internet connection
5．If anything
Ⅳ.
Group 1：
1．dissatisfied　2.satisfy　3.satisfied　satisfying
Group 2：
1．increasingly　2.increasing
Group 3：
1．connection　2.connect
Group 4：
1．advantages　2.disadvantages
Group 5：
1．present　2.presentation
Ⅴ.
1．I'm looking forward to the life in the college.
2．As a result, people often get hungry between two meals.
3．He came up with a clever idea to solve the problem.
4．We should try not to be cut off from the outside world.
5．I'm too busy connecting with nature.
Ⅵ
One possible version：
Dear friends，
How time flies! It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme, which has not only enriched our campus life but also broadened our horizon.
During the past two weeks, we have studied in the same classroom and lived in the same dormitory, which has enabled us to know each other better. What impresses us most are your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent as well as enthusiasm for life. We believe that the students in our school have learned a lot from the exchange programme, who especially benefit a lot from your instructions about English learning.
At last, on behalf of all the students in our school, I hope you will have a safe and happy journey home.
Thank you!
Yours
Li Jin