2023年中考英语语法复习——介词课件

这是一份2023年中考英语语法复习——介词课件，共29页。PPT课件主要包含了命题趋势，介词的定义，常用介词分类，表示时间的介词，其他介词， 介词短语，综合练习，单项选择，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
介词是各省市历年中考试题中的必考内容之一。从命题内容来看，表示时间的介词、表示地点的介词及介词的固定用法，尤其是时间介词at, n, in用法的区别，between和amng用法的区别，某些介词的特殊用法等是今后的考查热点。 从命题形式来看，以单项选择、完形填空为主，分值一般在1～3分之间。预计年中考对介词的考查极有可能是时间介词和介词短语。
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，它是一种虚词，不能单独使用，必须和名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词语连用构成介词短语，用来表明与它连用的词和句子中某个词或某些词之间的关系。
② 表示时间的前后用befre, after
at：用于表示时刻、时间的某一点►We usually have lunch at nn/ at twelve. 我们通常中午吃午饭（十二点吃午饭）。注意：表示时间的名词前有this, last, next, every等修饰时，其前面不加介词。n用于表示某天，某一天的上、下午（指具体的某一时，一律用n）►We didn’ t listen t the lecture n Wednesday afternn.周三下午我们没去听演讲。in用于表示周、月、 季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上（指在一段时间内）。►Peple g skating in winter.人们冬天去滑冰。
② 表示时间的前后用befre, after befre在……之前；after在……之后③ 表示期限等用by, until, till by 在……前（时间）；截止（到）…… 【例】She had left by the time I arrived. 我到时（之前）她已经走了。until/till知道……为止（时间） 【例】I will wait fr him until he cmes here. 我将在这儿一直等到他来
④ 表示期间等用fr, during, thrugh
表示时间的起点等用frm, since【frm】从……起（时间）表示＂从……开始＂时，一般都是用词组【since 】 自从……以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续），一般用现在完成时
1. I smetimes help my mm with her husewrk _____ B.in C.n D.tWhen is Jay’s cncert?2. —It’s ______three ’clck______ the ;in B.at;n C.in;in D.n;in3.—When were yu brn?—I was brn______ a cld winter mrning in B.at C.n D.f
表示场所、方向的介词
（1） 表示场所的介词：at, in, n, under, by, near, between, arund, ppsite （2） 表示方向的介词：int, ut f, alng, acrss, thrugh, up, past
in表示某一小地点在另一大地点之内；n表示两个地点相互接壤；t则表示两个地点互不接壤，并有一定的距离。如：【例】Taiwan is in the sutheast f China.台湾位于中国的东南部。Shandng is n the nrth f Henan.山东位于河南的北部。Japan lies t the east f China.日本位于中国东部。
between表示“在两者之间”，而amng表示“在三者或三者以上之中”。arund环绕，在……周围，在……四周 但当between用于三者或三者以上时，强调“两两之间”，侧重指人或物各自独立；而amng强调彼此不分离。【例】We have t many desks in ur class. There is hardly any rm t mve between them.我们教室里有太多的课桌，桌与桌之间几乎没有可以走动的空间了。
表示示方位时，n表示一个物体的位置在另一个物体之上，两者的表面相接触；abve表示一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高，通常两个物体表面不接触；ver表示“在……的正上方”，强调在垂直的上方。如：【例】There is a map n the wall.墙上有一张地图。 The lights are abve ur heads.灯在我们头顶上。 Sme birds are flying ver the sea.有一些鸟在海上飞。
in, int, ut f, up辨析
【in】在……之内，用于表示静止的位置 ►The students are in the classrm.学生们在教室里。【int】进入用于表有特定终点的运动的方向。通常用于表示动作的动词之后,如g, cme, walk, run等。►The students run int the classrm.学生们跑进教室。【ut f】：从……到外面，离开；在……范围之外；从（某个数）之中 【up】移动 ►The children climbed up the tree.孩子们爬上了树。
alng, acrss, past, thrugh 辨析
alng沿着 【例】I was walking alng the river when it began t rain.我正沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来了。acrss横过【例】I ften swim acrss the river.我常游泳横渡这条河。past经过【例】Every day he runs past the city hall.他每天跑步经过市政府。thrugh贯穿，通过【例】The sun shne thrugh the cluds.阳光穿过云层照射下来。
⑧ t, frm, fr
1. Mr. Green’s ffice is _______ the 26th flr. Yu can take the lift there. A.at B.in C.n Tm lives ______ a farm _____ the cuntry. A.in;at B.near;n C.n;in D. at,n3.Cambridge is a small city______ the east f B.with C.in D.under
[with]:with和……在一起 [in] in表示用什么材料（如用墨水，铅笔等），或用什么语言，或者表示衣着、声调特点时，不用with，而用in。[by] by通过……方法、手段
at hme在家里 at schl在学校；at nn在中午；at times有时at wrk在工作；at sea在大海上；at the same time 同时；at the mment在此刻；at breakfast 早餐时； after a while 过了一会by bus 乘公共汽车;by the way 顺便说；by the time 到……时候；by turns 轮流；by mistake错误地
in the end 最后；in rder 整整齐齐；in rder t 以便； in the daytime在白天； in turn 轮流； in time 及时in English 用英语； in fact 事实上n the way 在路上; n Sunday 在星期天 ；n shw 展出； n fire 着火；n the ther hand 另一方面；n business 出差；n hliday 在休假；；n time 准时；n the left/right 在左边/右边；with pleasure 很乐意；with ne’s help 在某人的帮助下
介词短语（be+形容词+介词）
be amazed at对……感到惊讶；be angry with生(某人的)气；be afraid f害怕；be busy with 忙于做……； be gd at擅长于； be full f 充满be excited abut对……感到兴奋；be interested in 对……感兴趣be famus fr 因……而著名；be late fr迟到； be ppular with 受……欢迎be pleased with 对……感到满意；be prud f 对……感到骄傲；be ready fr为……准备好 be kind t 对……和善；be satisfied with对……满意； be wrried abut 为……担心
agree with 同意； ask fr 请求； begin with 以……开始；cme frm 出生，来自； call at探访 die f 死于；fill…with 用……装； fall ff从……落下 hear frm 收到(某人)的信；hear f 听说； lk at 看； write t 写信给…g t bed 去睡觉； g t schl 去上学； lk fr 寻找；lk after 照顾 listen t 听……讲话； pay fr 付钱pint t 指向； pint at 指着； send fr派人去叫；run acrss 碰到； talk abut 谈论； think abut 考虑;wait fr 等候；…；wrry abut 担心 laugh at 嘲笑；
介词短语（动词+介词）
介词短语（介词+名词+介词
at the ft f在……脚下； n the tp f在……顶端；in the middle f 在……中间； in the frnt f 在……前面；in the east f在……东部 by means f借助；at the beginning f起初； by the end f 到……为止at the age f在……岁时； at the head f 在……前头
1.The girl’s parents have been away frm the hmetwn _______ nearly tw years. She misses them s much. A. n B. in C. fr D. at 2. —Jim, yu’ve been t Singapre. Hw d yu like it?—Fantastic. Its beauty is __________ what yu can imagine.A. pastB. beyndC. abveD. ver 3. —It’s reprted that the plastic pllutin is harming the cean.—I saw the reprt in the newspaper at breakfast. It will be wrse _________ strnger laws are made.A. since B. after C. until D. unless 4. Kelly is thinking abut hw these ld bks can be put _______ gd use.A. t B. in C. n D. at
5，The little elephant is afraid t g alne.He always walks ______ his mther. A.belw B.besides C.beside D.under6，____ the help f Tm, I made great prgress in physics. A.Under B.On C.With D.By7，—What did yu get ____ yur mther ____ Mther’s Day? —A beautiful card and a scarf. A.fr;in B.fr;n C.t;fr D.t;at8. —All the clerks went hme ____ Mr Wang.Why? —Because he had t finish his wrk. A.except B.besides C.withut D sunshine ges _____ the windw and makes the rm bright and warm. A.acrss B.thrugh C.ver D.in
I jined a band as a drummer in my middle schl. I thught it wuld be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy, but a mnth later, it gt difficult. I was the nly ne wh culdn't keep pace with the ther ___1___ (player). While everyne else ___2___ (relax), ur teacher, Angie, singled me ut t keep practicing. I felt ashamed ___3___ my teammates watched me fail s many times. Finally I gt s tired f practicing that I didn't care abut ding it right.
Are yu giving up n me, Steve?" Angie asked. “Yes, I am," I shuted. Angie sent me inside the music rm where I cried ut. Then she came in and said, Dn't be sad. I believe yu can make it!" She tld me never___4___ (give) up. She left me alne and I realized Angie was right by giving up, I was als giving up n the team and myself. With her cmfrt, I decided t g n practicing, but I still culdn't play well. Knwing my difficulties, my teammates gave me ___5___ hand. They spentabut three mre hurs practicing with me every week. Thanks t ___6___ (they) supprt and help, I began t keep pace with them. Later, we perfrmed ___7___ (wnderful) in an imprtant shw.___ 8___ thankful I was t my teacher Angie!
In the whle prcess (进程), I___9___ (teach) that althugh we each had ur wn jb t d in a shw, it wuld take all f us wrking tgether t make the shw great. I felt accepted and made great prgress. I can't imagine what my schl life wuld be like ___10___ them. I lve everyne in the band.