山东省济南市历城区2021-2023年三年中考一模英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解

山东省济南市历城区2021-2023年三年中考一模英语解析版试卷分类汇编

阅读理解

2023年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

三、阅读单选

I asked my dad if I had ever made him cry before because I couldn’t remember ever seeing him cry. “There was once,” he said. He told me that when I was one year old, he put a pen, a piece of paper money and a toy in front of me. He wanted to see which one I would pick. It’s a tradition that a lot of Chinese people do when their kids are one year old. According to this tradition, it shows what the kid will value most when he or she grows up. For example, if the kid takes the pen, it means he or she will be an intelligent person in the future. If the kid takes the money, it means he or she will value money more than others and become rich. If the kid takes the toy, it means he or she will like fun things and play a lot.

My father was doing it because he was curious (好奇的). It was interesting for him to see which one I would pick. He said that I just sat there and stared at the three things. He sat across from me and waited to see the result.

According to him, I moved toward him and he held his breath. Then I pushed everything aside and went right into his arms. Tears (泪水) came to his eyes. He didn’t realize that he was one of the choices.

And that was the first and only time I made him cry.

21．How many choices did the father prepare?

A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.

22．According to the tradition, if the kid takes the pen, it means he or she will be ________.

A．rich B．intelligent C．humorous D．successful

23．Which one did the writer finally pick?

A．The father. B．The pen. C．The money. D．The toy.

24．The father felt ______ after the writer pushed everything aside and went into his arms.

A．curious B．nervous C．relaxed D．moved

25．Which of the following could be the best title for this passage?

A．A Father’s Warm Hug B．Happy Tears for an Old Tradition

C．Different Choices of a Father D．A Sad Story about a Birthday

Do you like travelling? If you are interested, come to our travel service as soon as possible. We offer the following travel lines for you to choose.

26．How long will the Yangzhou Group Tour last?A．Three days. B．Four days. C．Two days.              D．Eight days.

27．Mrs. Li plans to take the 4-Day Qingdao Private Tour with three sons. How much will they pay?

A．¥2,200. B．¥1,650. C．¥1,100. D．¥2,676.

28．If you want to take the 8-Day London Private Tour, you should call ________.

A．800-817-7223 B．800-810-6288 C．800-830-7228 D．800-850-8288

29．What can you eat if you visit Yangzhou?

A．French food. B．Fish. C．Huaiyang food. D．Fried chicken.

30．How can you get to London?

A．By plane. B．By bus. C．By train. D．By boat.

Do you compare yourself to other people? Perhaps your best friend receives something you really want, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is. Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be helpful, focusing(专注) on your own progress is important for your happiness.

“We often compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves.” says Dr. Jack. “But I suggest comparing yourself to your past self and your future self. This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do. Focusing on your own purposes is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top.”

Comparing yourself to those around you is natural and we often do it without realizing it. It can help us to be clear about our achievements and to form friendships with new people who have similar interests. However, it’s important to remember that nobody is perfect in real life. It’s also important to take note of how the comparison is making you feel. “If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths.” says Jack. In other words, you can ask yourself questions like “What can I do well in?”, which can help you trust yourself.

Maybe here you are wondering “What if all my friends are better than me?”. Dr. White says that jealousy(妒忌) is not bad but focusing on bettering your own work can help you feel just as successful. He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good. It will encourage you to build each other up.

31．What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 1?

A．We should compare with others. B．We should share things with brothers.

C．We should enjoy concerts with sisters. D．We should focus on our own progress.

32．Why should you compare yourself to your past self?

A．To care about others. B．To change your purposes.

C．To increase your excitement. D．To be proud of your achievements.

33．What does the underlined phrase “your own strengths” probably mean in Paragraph 3?

A．what you’re good at B．what you’ve understood

C．what you’re crazy about D．what you’ve experienced

34．What does Dr. White suggest?

A．Trusting your friends. B．Cheering on tiny success.

C．Celebrating others’ success. D．Forming a deep friendship.

35．What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Plan Your Own Future B．Enjoy Your Own Happiness

C．Run Your Own Race D．Follow Your Own Dream

Can plants talk? Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other.

It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I’m being attacked!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract the wasps (黄蜂；蜜蜂)! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops.

More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chili plants do this. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water.

Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi (霉菌). It links the roots of different plants to each other. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. However, it may lead to bad effects. Plants may use it to steal food from each other, or spread chemicals to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.

Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.

36．What will plants do when they are attacked by insects?

A．They will kill the insects by themselves at once.

B．They will control the wasps to kill the insects.

C．They will send out signals in order to ask for help.

D．They will produce chemicals to warn or to call for help.

37．How is the wood wide web linked by fungi?

A．By making the clicking noises with their roots.

B．By connecting the roots of different plants to each other.

C．By sharing food and information with each other.

D．By spreading chemicals to each other.

38．What is the writer’s intention of the last paragraph?

A．To give people hope for further studies. B．To praise scientists for their great achievements.

C．To call on people to protect the plants on Earth. D．To inspire people to communicate with plants.

39．What is the structure of the passage?

A． B． C． D．

40．Which is the best title for the passage?

A．The Secret Language of Plants B．The Study about the Plant Warning System

C．The Plants that Give Warnings D．Why Scientists Do Research about Plant

2022年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

八、阅读单选

My father changed his job when I was ten years old, so my family moved to another city. I went to a new school. On the first day of my new school, I was very nervous. A girl named Rose smiled at me and asked me to sit near her. Later, we became good friends. I was a little shy before. But I became more active and outgoing because of her.

We can’t see each other often now because we are not in the same city. However, we write to each other all the time. In two weeks, it will be her twentieth birthday. I want to give her a special present. A wallet or a card won’t be very good. Finally, I decided to buy a lovely dog. I hope that a dog can be a good company for her.

When we have troubles, our friends will help us get over them. When we feel upset, they will try to do what they can to make us happy. They are a great treasure in our life.

56．The writer’s family moved to another city when she was ________ years old.

A．nine B．ten C．eleven D．twenty

57．The writer became more active and outgoing ________.

A．before she left her old school

B．after she became friends with Rose

C．before she knew Rose

D．after she left her new school

58．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．The writer’s father did not have a job when she was young.

B．The writer felt nervous on her first day of her new school.

C．The writer and Rose live in different cities now.

D．Although the writer and Rose can’t see each other often, they always write to each other.

59．In the end the writer decided to buy Rose ________ on her twentieth birthday.

A．a card B．a wallet C．a lovely dog D．two lovely toys

60．The underlined word “they” refers to (指的是) ________.

A．troubles B．presents C．jobs D．friends

61．______ can join the three-day summer program.A．A boy of 6 B．A kid of 15 C．A girl of 18              D．A man of 26

62．If there is a rainstorm on August 10th, program B will start on ______.

A．Sunday B．Monday C．Tuesday D．Wednesday

63．Two members and one non-member should pay ______ for the program.

A．$690 B．$710 C．$730 D．$750

64．Free lunches aren’t provided because ______.

A．there are many restaurants B．the lunches cost too much

C．people have different tastes D．they may bring lunch-boxes

65．What can we know from the passage?

A．You need to hand in an application for the program.

B．We can see three kinds of animals in the program.

C．More than 15 students are in each program.

D．Youth Explorer is the name of the program.

“Save the whales!” That’s what the picture on Jake Smith’s bedroom wall said. Jake liked having a picture that said something important: that showed he cared. He just never expected to get a chance to save a real whale—one right in his own neighborhood!

It was a Saturday morning when the newspaper first reported the whales’ coming. A group of them were swimming close to the beach in Jake’s hometown. All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them.

They were expecting a beautiful show, better than a movie, but it didn’t turn out like that. Then one whale swam in their direction, directly toward land. It came in with the waves (海浪), and when the waves receded, its huge body was left on the sand. Suddenly, Jake and his family and all the others were no longer sightseers. They had to become rescuers. A few people ran toward the animal. They pushed and tried to force the whale back into the water, but it was no use.

An animal rescue service team soon arrived in a truck with heavy lifting machinery to help move the animal. Jake and his family couldn’t do much on the beach, so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers. At least, Jake thought, they could help in someway.

Back at the beach, they offered the food to the rescuers and were happy to see that it was needed. It was getting dark. Some people lined up their cars along the beach and shined their headlights on the sand. The rescuers would not give up. After trying many times they were finally able to lift the whale into the water. Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea. It swam out about a mile and then disappeared for a moment under the sea. Then, in what looked like a jump of joy, it rose high above the water —a thank-you to those who had worked so hard to save its life.

66．What does the picture on Jake’s wall say about him?

A．He lives near the ocean.

B．He cares about animals.

C．He works in an animal rescue service team.

D．He thinks whales are the most beautiful animals.

67．Why did the local people go down to the beach that morning?

A．To rescue some whales. B．To watch the waves.

C．To see the whales swimming. D．To swim with the whales.

68．The underlined word “receded” in Paragraph 3 means________.

A．didn’t move B．went back out C．washed over D．got up

69．How did Jake and his family give a hand?

A．By calling the rescue service.

B．By asking their neighbors for help.

C．By feeding the rescuers.

D．By controlling the people on the beach.

70．In what order did the events of the whale rescue take place?

a. The whale disappeared into the sea.

b. People turned on the lights of their cars.

c. Rescuers lifted the whale into the water.

d. An animal rescue service team was called to come help.

e. People tried to push the whale towards the sea.

A．e-d-b-c-a B．e-b-c-d-a C．d-b-e-a-c D．a-e-b-d-c

Being a teenager can be challenging, but it can also be exciting. You’re becoming more independent and making decisions for yourself. You are also learning to take risks and solve problems better than you could before. And changes are happening throughout your body, even in your brain.

You can’t see the changes in your brain, but they’re affecting how you develop into an adult. At this time in your life, there is a process going on inside your brain that makes it work faster and more efficiently. Imagine that the structure of your brain is like a big road map. There are lots of roads leading to different destinations (终点). When you were a child, as you learned new things, your brain created more roads leading to different destinations. By the time you become a teenager, the most important places on the map have many different roads leading to them. Now your brain’s job is to make that map more efficient. It removes the roads that you don’t need and works to make the other roads faster.

As a result, your experiences as a teenager actually affect the way that your brain develops. If you spend hours playing video games, what skills do you use? You learn to see something with your eyes and respond (回应) to it with your hands, right? As you develop those skills, your brain is making sure that the roads leading to them are especially fast and efficient. So, your video game playing could be preparing you for a career such as a fighter pilot, or even a surgeon.

This is a great time for you to practice new skills and discover what you’re good at and what you love doing. Go out and try different activities, and stick with them if you think they’re useful. Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future.

71．As children learn new things, ________.

A．their brains will become road maps

B．their brains create more roads to different destinations

C．they need to draw lots of big road maps

D．many different roads lead to the most important places

72．The underlined word “remove” in the passage probably means “________”.

A．go quickly B．take up C．take away D．change home

73．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Your brain. B．Something you see.

C．Your skill D．Something you learn.

74．What’s the writer’s advice for teenagers?

A．Teenagers should learn to be more independent.

B．Teenagers should work harder and more efficiently.

C．Teenagers should play more video games in order to be a pilot.

D．Teenagers should experience more and stick to the useful activities.

75．Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Making Decisions for Yourself.

B．Changes Happening in Your Brain.

C．Ways of Changing Your Brain.

D．Developing Your Brains for the Future.

2021年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

八、阅读单选

Zak’s grandfather, Stan, was very famous. Why? Because he had a very, very, very long white beard（胡子）.

One day, Zak asked his grandfather, “When you sleep, do you put your beard over or under the quilt ?” “I’m not sure. I never care about that.” said his grandfather. “I’ll look tonight.”

Stan got into bed that night and pulled up the quilt. Then he remembered his grandson’s question. Aha! His beard was under the quilt. But wait. Did that feel right?

He lifted his beard from under the quilt and put it above it. This also didn’t feel right. So he put the beard under the quilt again. But he soon felt it would be better if it were out. The beard went in and out-- first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.

Stan spent a sleepless night. In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his long beard right off!

Stan’s wife was so happy. She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it. Now a simple question made him do that.

56．Why was Stan very famous?

A．Because he had a big family. B．Because he was good at singing.

C．Because his grandson was very clever. D．Because he had a very, very, very long white beard.

57．Did Stan have a good sleep that night?

A．Yes. B．No. C．Maybe. D．Sure.

58．What did Stan do with his beard at last?

A．He put his beard over the quilt. B．He put his beard under the quilt.

C．He cut his beard off. D．He cared about his beard after that.

59．How did Stan’s wife feel when she noticed her husband’s short beard?

A．She was very happy. B．She was worried.

C．She was angry with him. D．She didn’t care about it.

60．From the passage, which of the following sentences is true?

A．Stan’s wife asked a question one day.

B．Stan never cared about Zak, his grandson.

C．Stan was sleepless that night because of his beard.

D．Stan listened to his wife’s words to cut his beard off.

61．How many team skills does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1?

A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.

62．What tools are needed for each team in Water Relay?

A．One large bucket for each member.

B．Two large buckets for each member.

C．One small bucket for each member and two large buckets.

D．Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket.

63．In order to win Water Relay, the team members should ________.

A．get themselves wet

B．lose as little water as possible

C．pass the water as slowly as possible

D．pass the large bucket to the other team

64．It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can ________.

A．talk about themselves B．share love with each other

C．tell lies to surprise others D．learn all the information about others

65．This passage is most probably from ________.

A．a science book B．a travel guide

C．a news website D．a school magazine

February 29th comes up on the calendar only every four years. A year with a February 29th might be good news if you are paid by the day or the week. But it might be bad news if you were born on a February 29th. You have to wait three years in between birthdays!

American English has an expression for the unusual situation. February 29th is called a leap day. And the year with a February 29th in it is called a leap year. This year, 2020, is such a year.

As a verb, the word “leap” means to jump, or to move quickly. “Leap” can also be a noun, meaning a jump, or a sudden move.

In a leap year, the dates jump over one day of the week. Let me explain. In 2017, the last day of the year, December 31th, fell on a Sunday. In 2018, it fell on a Monday. In 2019, it fell on a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31th will fall on a Thursday. It jumps right over Wednesday.

The reason for a leap day or a leap year is because our calendar does not follow the Earth’s orbit（轨道） around the sun exactly. Each year, we have a little time left over. So every four years, we put all that time together into an extra（额外的）day.

Some people choose to marry on February 29th because it is an unusual date. But some ancient peoples would likely tell couples not to do it. Leap years were believed to be difficult, and leap days were unlucky. To be honest, these have no scientific basis（依据）.

66．A 20-year-old person has __________ birthdays if he/she was born on a February 29th.

A．20 B．15 C．10 D．5

67．A leap year means one more __________ is added in the calendar of the year.

A．month B．year C．day D．week

68．The last day of 2021 will fall on __________ according to this article.

A．Saturday B．Friday C．Sunday D．Monday

69．Some people choose to marry on February 29th because __________.

A．it’s quite a special date B．it’s quite an unlucky day

C．it can save more money D．it’s a traditional custom

70．Which of the following sentences is not true according to this article?

A．Scientists tell couples not to marry on a leap day.

B．The leap year or leap day comes once every four years.

C．Some ancient peoples believed that leap days were unlucky.

D．We have a little time left each year before a leap year comes.

“Clear your plate. Say no to waste.” “Do not waste a grain of food.” In the cafeterias of schools and companies across China, banners (横幅) like these have been put up everywhere. They are part of a nationwide campaign（活动）to cut down on food waste in China.

Food waste has become a big problem these days. According to the United Nations, 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted every year-that’s about a third of the world’s total food. In China alone, the restaurants wasted 17 to 18 million tons of food a year from 2013 to 2015. That could feed 30 to 50 million people for a whole year, according to Chinese Academy of Sciences.

To promote（推广）the campaign, restaurants and catering associations in more than 18 provinces in China have all made guidelines to control food waste.

In Shanxi province, for example, restaurants have been asked to serve half portions to avoid waste. The Wuhan Catering Association suggested that restaurants try the “N-1 mode”. For example, a group of 10 diners should only order enough for nine people at first. More food is only brought to the table if required. If people can’t finish their meals, they are also encouraged to take the leftovers（剩菜）home.

A related online campaign has been launched on Sina Weibo. Users share photos or videos of empty plates after finishing their meals. Lots of celebrities（名人）have joined in and asked their fans to develop the habit of saving food. On WeChat, a mini-program called “Clear Plate” invites people to exchange pictures of their empty plates for credit points (信用分). People can use the credit to buy things or donate food to children in poor areas.

“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue (美德) of cherishing food and developing the habit of thrift,” said Liu Jichen, developer of the mini-program.

71．What do we know from Paragraph 2?

A．Food waste has caused many problems.

B．The UN is wasting a lot of food each year.

C．About 30 percent of the world’s total food is wasted each year.

D．There are over 30 million tons of food waste in China every year.

72．According to the“N-1 mode”, diners in a restaurant ________.

A．can order half-portioned dishes

B．have to take their leftovers home

C．should order food enough for each person

D．order dishes as if there were one fewer person

73．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?

A．How celebrities encourage their fans to save food.

B．Food saving campaigns on social media.

C．Ways to develop the habit of saving food.

D．Why online campaigns are necessary.

74．What does the underlined word “thrift” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Eating at home. B．No wasting things.

C．Sharing with others. D．Getting credit points.

75．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?

A．To tell us how to avoid wasting food.

B．To make people cook more at home.

C．To encourage people take leftovers home.

D．To bring up a plan to make people eat their vegetables.

                   参考答案

2023年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

21．C    22．B    23．A    24．D    25．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的爸爸通过作者抓周的经历感受到了作者对他的爱，以致于他感动的哭了的故事。

21．细节理解题。根据“He told me that when I was one year old, he put a pen, a piece of paper money and a toy in front of me.”可知作者的父亲为他准备了三件东西。故选C。

22．细节理解题。根据文中“if the kid takes the pen, it means he or she will be an intelligent person in the future. ”可知，如果一个孩子选择了钢笔，意味着将来他或她会非常的聪明。故选B。

23．细节理解题。根据文中“Then I pushed everything aside and went right into his arms”可知作者选择了爸爸。故选A。

24．推理判断题。根据“Tears (眼泪) came to his eyes. He didn’t realize that he was one of the choices.”可知看到作者选择了自己，作者父亲感动得热泪盈眶。故选D。

25．最佳标题题。通读整篇短文可知，本文主要讲述了作者的爸爸通过作者抓周的经历感受到了作者对他的爱，所以他感动的哭了的故事，故以选项B“为古老的传统流下欢乐的泪水”为标题更合适。故选B。

26．C    27．A    28．C    29．C    30．A

【导语】本文是一家旅行社的广告，提供了三条可选择的旅行线路。

26．细节理解题。根据“2-day Yangzhou Colorful Group Tour”可知，扬州组团旅游为期2天。故选C。

27．推理判断题。李太太和她三个儿子总共4人，根据“4-day Qingdao Private Tour”中的表格可知，每人需支付550元，那么4个人共计2200元。故选A。

28．细节理解题。根据“8-Day London Private Tour…Call us at 800-830-7228.”可知，如果你想参加伦敦私人游，拨打电话800-830-7228。故选C。

29．细节理解题。根据“and taste Huaiyang delicious food such as Yangzhou fried rice and Fuchun buns.”可知，去扬州旅行可以吃淮扬食物。故选C。

30．细节理解题。根据“You can enjoy the delicious food on the flight to London.”可知，在去伦敦的飞机上可以吃到美味的食物，所以是乘飞机去伦敦。故选A。

31．D    32．D    33．A    34．C    35．C

【导语】本文建议我们不要与别人比较，要专注于自己。

31．细节理解题。根据“Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be helpful, focusing on your own progress is important for your happiness.”可知，尽管比较很常见，有时也有帮助，但关注自己的进步对你的快乐很重要。故选D。

32．细节理解题。根据“But I suggest comparing yourself to your past self and your future self. This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do.”可知，把自己和过去的自己进行比较，会让你对自己所取得的成就感到自豪。故选D。

33．词句猜测题。分析“‘If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths.’ says Jack. In other words, you can ask yourself questions like ‘What can I do well in?’, which can help you trust yourself.”可知，如果你开始感觉很低落，关注自己的优势，找到自己的优势，可以帮助你信任自己。your own strengths指的是优势。故选A。

34．细节理解题。根据“He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good. It will encourage you to build each other up.”可知，怀特博士建议学会庆祝朋友的成功不仅能让你的朋友高兴起来，也能让你感觉良好，它会鼓励你们互相帮助。故选C。

35．最佳标题题。本文建议我们不要与别人比较，要专注于自己。选项C“走自己的路”符合主题。故选C。

36．D    37．B    38．A    39．B    40．A

【导语】本文主要讲述了研究发现植物会通过化学物质、声音和真菌彼此交流。

36．细节理解题。根据“This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: ‘I’m being attacked!’”可知，当植物受到昆虫攻击时，它们会产生化学物质作为警告或求助信号。故选D。

37．细节理解题。根据“The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi (霉菌). It links the roots of different plants to each other.”可知，真菌是通过相互连接不同植物的根来形成“树联网”的。故选B。

38．推理判断题。根据“Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communicate to be able to ‘talk’ with them ourselves.”可知，有一天也许我们能够与植物“交谈”，作者是想给人们对进一步研究的期望。故选A。

39．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段主要介绍了植物会说话和交流，第二、三、四段分述了植物主要通过哪几种方式进行交流，第五段又进行了总述给人们对植物进一步研究的希望。因此本文是采用总分总的结构来写的。故选B。

40．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现植物会通过化学物质、声音和真菌彼此交流，结合选项，可知A选项“植物的秘密语言”适合做标题。故选A。

2022年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

56．B    57．B    58．A    59．C    60．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者10岁的时候，因为父亲换工作，全家搬到了另一城市，在那里认识了Rose，并成为了好朋友。即便现在不在一个城市，也会经常给对方写信。并告诉我们朋友是我们一生中宝贵的财富。

56．细节理解题。根据“My father changed his job when I was ten years old, so my family moved to another city.”可知，作者十岁时，作者一家搬到了另一个城市。故选B。

57．细节理解题。根据“I was a little shy before. But I became more active and outgoing because of her.”可知，在跟Rose成为朋友之后，作者变得活泼外向。故选B。

58．细节理解题。根据“My father changed his job when I was ten years old”可知，作者父亲在她十岁的时候换了工作，并不是没有工作。故选A。

59．细节理解题。根据“Finally, I decided to buy a lovely dog.”可知，作者最后决定买一只可爱的狗作为Rose二十岁的生日礼物。故选C。

60．词义猜测题。根据“When we have troubles, our friends will help us get over them. When we feel upset, they will try to do what they can to make us happy. They are a great treasure in our life.”可知，我们有困难时，朋友会帮助我们克服他们。当我们感到沮丧时，他们会尽力让我们开心。他们是我们生活中的一个伟大的财富。由此可知“They”指的是朋友“friends”。故选D。

61．B    62．D    63．B    64．C    65．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了探索大自然的活动广告。

61．细节理解题。根据“Age: Students aged 8-16”可知，8到16岁的学生可以参加，B选项在此范围，故选B。

62．细节理解题。根据“Both program will start 1 DAY later if there is a warning of rain-storms”可知，如果有暴雨警告，两个项目将在1天后开始，结合“Dates: August 10-12, 2021”“Days: Tuesday to Thursday”可知，10月10日是星期二，推迟一天是星期三，故选D。

63．推理判断题。根据“$230 for members: $250 for non-members”可知，会员价230，非会员价250，所以两个会员加上一个非会员需要支付：2x230+250=710，故选B。

64．细节理解题。根据“NO FREE LUNCHES ARE PROVIDED because of personal food differences”可知，由于个人饮食差异，不提供免费午餐，故选C。

65．细节理解题。根据“Simply come to our center to get an application form (申请表). Send your completed form on or before 9th July, 2021 (Friday)”可知，需要交申请表，故选A。

66．B    67．C    68．B    69．C    70．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一个星期六的早上，报纸上报道会有鲸鱼游经杰克的家乡，人们都纷纷跑过去观看，这时一条鲸鱼被海浪冲上了岸，人们由观看者变成了救援人员，齐心协力帮助鲸鱼重返大海。

66．细节理解题。根据“‘Save the whales!’ That’s what the picture on Jake Smith’s bedroom wall said. Jake liked having a picture that said something important: that showed he cared ”可知，“拯救鲸鱼”这幅图片表明了他关心的东西，即是对动物的关注。故选B。

67．细节理解题。根据“It was a Saturday morning when the newspaper first reported the whales’ coming. A group of them were swimming close to the beach in Jake’s hometown. All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them.”可知，一群鲸鱼会在杰克家乡的海岸线边游泳，当地人们会去观看他们游泳。故选C。

68．词义猜测题。根据“ its huge body was left on the sand.”可知，因为海浪退去后，才导致它巨大的身体被留在了沙滩上。故选B。

69．细节理解题。根据“Jake and his family couldn’t do much on the beach, so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers.”可知，他们回到家为救援人员们做三明治和热茶。故选C。

70．排序题。根据第三段、第四段以及第五段的内容可知，根据其发展的时间顺序：首先是人们自发地将鲸鱼推向海里，然后失败了；接着动物救援队来帮忙；慢慢地天变黑了，一些人们排好队打开了他们的车灯照明；救援人员最终将鲸鱼吊到了水里；最终鲸鱼获救，消失在海里。因此正确的顺序应该是e-d-b-c-a。故选A。

71．B    72．C    73．B    74．D    75．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青春期人的大脑的变化特点以及应该做一些事情来有意识地塑造你的大脑。因此，你现在所做的一切在一定程度上决定自己的未来。

71．细节理解题。根据“When you were a child, as you learned new things, your brain created more roads leading to different destinations.”可知，孩子学习新东西的时候，他们的大脑会创造出更多通往不同目的地的道路。故选B。

72．词义猜测题。根据“It removes the roads that you don’t need and works to make the other roads faster.”可知，它移除了你不需要的道路，并使其他道路更快。因此可知“remove”与take away“带走，消除”意思相近。故选C。

73．词义猜测题。根据“You learn to see something with your eyes and respond (回应) to it with your hands”可知，你学会用你的眼睛看到的东西，并用你的双手回应它，因此这里的“it”代指的是Something you see“你看到的东西”。故选B。

74．细节理解题。根据“Go out and try different activities, and stick with them if you think they’re useful. Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future.”可知，作者鼓励青少年应该体验更多，坚持有用的活动。故选D。

75．标题归纳题。根据最后一句“Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future.”可知，短文主要讲通过各种锻炼，挑战，学习技能发展兴趣等，为未来开发自己的大脑。故选D。

2021年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

56．D    57．B    58．C    59．A    60．C

【分析】本文主要讲述了斯坦因为孙子的问题“你睡觉的时候，是把你的胡子盖在被子上还是盖在被子下面”而整夜没有睡好觉，最后把胡子给剪掉了，他的妻子为此很高兴。

56．细节理解题。阅读文章第一段可知，斯坦非常有名是因为他有非常非常长的白胡子，故选D。

57．细节理解题。由倒数第二段句子“Stan spent a sleepless night.”可知，斯坦那晚没有睡好，故选B。

58．细节理解题。由倒数第二段句子“In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his long beard right off!”可知，斯坦最后剪掉了胡子，故选C。

59．细节理解题。由最后一段句子“Stan’s wife was so happy”可知，当斯坦的妻子注意到斯坦的短胡子的时候，感觉很开心，故选A。

60．细节理解题。由倒数第三段句子“The beard went in and out-- first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.”可知，斯坦因为胡子整晚没有睡好觉，故选C。

61．C    62．C    63．B    64．A    65．D

【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了两个有趣的适合学生做的团队活动：水接力赛和真相与谎言。

61．细节理解题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems.”可知第1段提到了三种团队技能：发展人际关系，与他人良好沟通，解决问题。故选C。

62．细节理解题。根据“Tools ●Two large buckets to hold water ●One small bucket for each team member”可知在水接力赛中每个队员需要一个小桶，还需要两个大桶盛水、故选C。

63．细节理解题。根据“Try to keep as much water as possible.”及“It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible.”可知要赢得水接力赛，就要尽量少让水洒掉。故选B。

64．细节理解题。根据“Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so.”可知玩真相和谎言是很有趣的，因为团队成员可以谈论自己。故选A。

65．推理判断题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities.”可知这是针对学生们学习团队技能而列举的两个有趣的活动，由此可推知极可能来自一本学校杂志。故选D。

66．D    67．C    68．B    69．A    70．A

【分析】本文介绍了闰年的情况及闰年形成的原因。

66．推理判断题。根据But it might be bad news if you were born on a February 29th. You have to wait three years in between birthdays，可知，出生在2月29日的人，生日之间要等三年，这意味着出生在这一天的20岁的人已经过了5个生日。故选D。

67．推理判断题。根据February 29th comes up on the calendar only every four years 及Each year, we have a little time left over. So every four years, we put all that time together into an extra（额外的）day，可知，每四年是一个闰年，而闰年是将所有的时间都放到了额外的一天里，由此可推断，闰年意味着多了一天。故选C。

68．推理判断题。根据In a leap year, the dates jump over one day of the week. Let me explain. In 2017, the last day of the year, December 31th, fell on a Sunday. In 2018, it fell on a Monday. In 2019, it fell on a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31th will fall on a Thursday. It jumps right over Wednesday，可知，2017年的最后一天是星期日，2018年最后一天是星期一，2019年最后一天是星期二，因为闰年多了一天，所以2020这个闰年的最后一天是星期四，那么2021年的最后一天应该是星期五。故选B。

69．细节理解题。根据Some people choose to marry on February 29th because it is an unusual date，可知，一些人选择在2月29日结婚是因为这一天很特别。故选A。

70．推理判断题。根据But some ancient peoples would likely tell couples not to do it…To be honest, these have no scientific basis，可知，古人告诉夫妇不要在这一天结婚，这是没有科学依据的，所以A选项错误。根据February 29th comes up on the calendar only every four years，可知，闰年每四年一次，所以B选项正确。根据But some ancient peoples would likely tell couples not to do it. Leap years were believed to be difficult, and leap days were unlucky，可知，一些古人认为闰年不吉利，所以C选项正确。根据Each year, we have a little time left over，可知，在闰年来临前，每年我们都有一些剩余的时间，所以D选项正确。故选A。

71．C    72．D    73．B    74．B    75．A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免浪费食物。

71．推理判断题。根据文中“According to the United Nations, 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted every year-that's about a third of the world's total food.“可推理出，世界上每年大约有30%的食物被浪费掉。故选C。

72．推理判断题。根据文中“The Wuhan Catering Association suggested that restaurants try the “N-1 mode”. For example, a group of 10 diners should only order enough for nine people at first. More food is only brought to the table if required.“可推理从，根据”N-1模式“，食客在餐厅用餐按照少一个人的分量来点餐。故选D。

73．主旨大意题。根据文中“A related online campaign has been launched on Sina Weibo. Users share photos or videos of empty plates after finishing their meals.以及On WeChat, a mini-program called “Clear Plate” invites people to exchange pictures of their empty plates for credit points (信用分). People can use the credit to buy things or donate food to children in poor areas.“可知，本段主要讲述了社交媒体上所开展的食物节约的运动。故选B。

74．词句猜测题。根据前句“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue (美德) of cherishing food”可猜测出，希望我们的努力能在年轻一代中掀起一股新的潮流，鼓励他们发扬美德，珍惜食物，后句应是养成节约的习惯，故下划线单词“thrift”的意思应是“节约”。故选B。

75．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文中“To promote（推广）the campaign, restaurants and catering associations in more than 18 provinces in China have all made guidelines to control food waste.和“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue (美德) of cherishing food and developing the habit of thrift,” said Liu Jichen, developer of the mini-program.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了告诉我们如何避免浪费食物。故选A。