2023年北京顺义区高三一模英语试题及答案

2023年北京顺义区高三一模

英 语 试 题

第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分)

第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)

阅读下面短文.掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A first responder on a motorcycle pulls up with great urgency to the entrance of a supermarket. I thought that there was a(n) 1______ inside the store - a pretty logical conclusion. But then I saw him take out a shopping 2______. l had to investigate further.

He told me he had just been at an apartment where an elderly man required medical attention. After his condition was 3______, the older man's part-time caregiver came over to monitor the situation. Before leaving the apartment，the first responder 4______ the man's refrigerator and noticed that it was nearly empty. So in consultation with the caregiver，he quickly wrote up the shopping list and 5______ over to the supermarket. I helped the first responder get some of the 6______ items and my job was fruits and vegetables. But I asked the first responder why he thought of checking the refrigerator. He replied that he does it on a(n) 7______ basis. Besides，when he tells various supermarkets what his mission is，they invariably give him a discount. He takes the phone number of the people for whom he is 8______ the items to tell them afterward what to expect to pay. And then the store also agrees to do the 9______ for no charge no matter how small the grocery bill is.

"What a complex operation,” I said to the first responder.

He replied: “It's just a( n) 10______ little service. If they eat better，they'll hopefully stay healthier. "

1. A. exhibition  B. conflict   C. discount   D. emergency

2. A. basket   B. guide    C. bill     D. list

3. A. changed   B. stabilized   C. identified    D. reported

4. A. repaired   B. cleaned   C. checked   D. defrosted

5. A. rushed   B. walked   C. stormed   D. wandered

6. A. popular   B. personal   C. necessary   D. valuable

7. A. equal   B. regular   C. temporary   D. sound

8. A. purchasing  B. choosing   C. separating   D. preparing

9. A. business   B. favor    C. selling    D. delivery

10. A. extra   B. constant   C. standard   D. traditional

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5 分，共15分)

阅读下列短文.根据每文内容填容。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的容白外用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

Growing up in a musical family，Samara Joy tried different music 11_____(style) when she was a teenager. But 12_____ attracted her most was jazz because of its authenticity(真实性). She told that her songs 13_____ (inspire) by the old jazz songs she liked but with a modern explanation. She was determined to continue seeking to encourage the younger generation to get excited about jazz.

B

Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, 14_____ now a drug detection team is welcoming some newcomers-squirrels(松鼠). Squirrels have a sharp sense of smell as they can smell food 15_____, about 30 centimeters of snow. Being so small and swift，they are able to search for drugs in areas  16_____ dogs may not be able to arrive. Squirrels have been trained to make noises to catch their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs.

C

Pillar coral（柱状珊瑚), 17_____ (find ) throughout the Caribbean，is critically endangered now. Its population 18_____(decline) by more than 80 percent since1990. 19_____(rise) ocean temperatures and pollution make corals more easily get certain deadly diseases. And the pillar coral is really just the tip of the iceberg 20_____ it comes to the difficulty of corals.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

We're happy you will be joining us at UW-Stout! Your next step is to attend First-Year Registration and Orientation (FYRO)（迎新会)running from 7:45 a. m.to 4:40 p.m. Students should select a date that allows them to be present for the entire day. Invitations will be sent by email starting February 20.

Recommended On-Campus Dates

June 5 , 6,7，8 or 9

June 12，13，14 or 16

June 19，20，21 or 23

Make-Up Dates

Email us to request one of these make-up dates.

July 20 or 21

What to Expect

Students and their guests will be separated for most of the day.

Before Your Attendance

Complete the placement tests at least one week prior to your scheduled registration date. Testing information will be sent to students’ email on or after March 15.

Download these apps，which will help you to be successful in college life.

Canvas Student: our online classroom.

Navigate: to help schedule appointments with your advisor，view to-do items and more!

Multi-Factor Authentication: to enhance the security of your account by checking on your identity when logging into many of our UW-Stout accounts.

21. Students are advised to attend FYRO on ______.

A. February 20  B. June 19 C. July 21 D. March 15

22. Attending FYRO，both students and their guests will ______.

A. meet first-year advisor

B. know students’ academic plan

C. have an idea of students’ education cost

D. be clear about how to participate in organizations

23. What are students required to do before attending FYRO?

A. Complete the placement tests 5 days ahead.

B. Take some online classes on Canvas Student.

C. Schedule first-year college life with apps on the phone.

D. Download Multi-Factor Authentication for account security.

B

When I was 7 and Stevie was 6，our parents taught us how to play chess and other games. Playing games was our life back then. Stevie and I were very competitive in everything.

We got older and better so our games were more intense，but also more exciting. The strange thing is that I enjoyed the games vastly and was happy for my brother when he won. But afterwards，I felt my well-being threatened，and then my confidence suffered:`

When I was 10 years old I wanted to be successful at my talents. One day, a light came on in my head. I had to find something Stevie couldn’t do. It would have to be unique in every way. Before long, I got Jimmy Nelson’s record on “How to Become a Ventriloquist(腹语师)” and I practiced faithfully every day. After summer vacation, I did my first show for my class. The response was favorable. I preformed for family get-togethers and did shows on a number of occasions to practice my new skill.

It isn’t easy learning ventriloquism. The difficult part was developing the voice, because at first, it was soft and hard to hear. I memorized the routines and performed more. With time, I got better responses. The loud laughter was nonstop, in addition to the applause.

Fours years later, my mother purchased a professional  ventriloquial figure，which I named. Freddie O'Sullivan. He was lifelike，with moving eyes，moving eyebrows, and could stick out his tongue. Treating Freddie like a real person enhanced my performance.

In college，Freddie was well known. He would tell people that he was the only guy that could sleep in the girl's dormitory. Over the years，I won many talent awards.

One time，an elderly man looked at Freddie attentively and asked him where he got his trousers. The audience nearby had tears in their eyes. I didn't know what was going on until I was told later the gentleman hadn't spoken for 20 years.

Thanks to my brother，I created a lifetime with Freddie.

24. How did the author feel at first when Stevie won a game?

A. Delighted.

B. Confused.

C. Depressed.

D. Surprised.

25. Why did the author decide to learn ventriloquism?

A. To have a special talent better than her brother.

B. To record her intense and competitive childhood.

C. To gain her parents’ favor in family get-togethers.

D. To bring joyous laughter to people around her.

26. What do we know about Freddie O'Sullivan?

A. Freddie trained the author professionally.

B. Freddie inspired an old man to restart to talk.

C. Freddie took the place of the author's brother.

D. Freddie disturbed others in the girl's dormitory.

27. According to the passage，which words can best describe the author?

A. Generous and grateful.

B. Modest and responsible.

C. Patient and warmhearted.

D. Sensitive and determined.

C

One of the major reasons we take photos in the first place is to remember a moment long after it has passed: the birth of a baby，a reunion，etc. However，every time we snap a quick picture of something，we could in fact be harming our memory of it.

Linda Henkel，a professor of psychology at Fairfield University in Connecticut，studied how taking photos impacts experience and memory. She conducted an experiment using a group of undergraduates on a guided tour of the university's Bellarmine Museum of Art. The students were asked to take photos of objects that they looked at on the tour and to simply observe others. Later，she tested their memory of all the objects they had seen on the tour. The results were clear. Overall, people remembered fewer of the objects they had photographed. They also couldn't recall as many specific visual details of the photographed art, compared to the art they had merely observed.

“When you take a photo of something，you're counting on the camera to remember for you,” Henkel said. “You don't engage in any of the complex or emotional kinds of processing that really would help you remember those experiences, because you've outsourced it to your camera.”

Then，Henkel ran another study. This time when people took a tour of the museum，they were asked to take two kinds of photos: those of the objects in the exhibit alone and those with them standing next to the objects. It turns out that it actually changes their viewpoint on the experience，whether they're in a photo or not. In other words，if you are in the image，you become more removed from the original moment as if you are an observer watching yourself doing something outside yourself. Interestingly, if you are not in the image， you remember more.

Henkel doesn't disagree that the purpose of outsourcing our memory to devices can free up our brains to do other cognitive (认知的) processing. But from the experiments Henkel is sure that cameras can't compare to what the brain is capable of with input from the eyes and the ears.

28. What can we conclude from Henkel's first experiment?

A. People take photos to remember a moment.

B. Taking photos is a complex or emotional process.

C. Taking photos influences experience and memory.

D. People observe more of the objects when taking photos.

29. When you are in a photo，you ______.

A. return to the original moment

B. remember more about the object

C. change your viewpoint on the photo

D. become an observer outside yourself

30. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?

A. To explain the reasons why people take photos.

B. To introduce the disadvantages of taking photos.

C. To persuade people not to rely on photos for memory.

D. To express disapproval of the use of devices to free brains.

D

Among the excitement of all things artificial intelligence，writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago，AI and automated robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.

Observes Mayur Bhatt ，marketing head, SEO Services Guru: "It is only a matter of time before algorithms(算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.” Adds noted author Stephen Marche: “Whatever field you are in, if it uses language， it is about to be transformed.”" People of writing driven by Al insist the robots are simply here ‘to serve humanity'. Robots will do the hard labor work, they say. Writers will be freed-up to engage in more interesting，more in-depth and more creative work.

But for the many writers and editors who have already lost their jobs to AI，that pleasant future is a tough sell. Consider Radar，a hyper-local news service that has been generating AI-written articles in the UK since 2017. Instead of using reporters to cover news beats，Radar relies on robots. Those automatons mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar- and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook. For example: Radar's Al software can ingest a new government report on crime across the UK. and then auto-generate hundreds of customized stories from the study, based on localized data. Each story is hyper-localized to a town or even a smaller community by including data from the government report. The resulting micro-focused stories are sold to news outlets throughout Britain— as well as to any other news outlet that might be interested. Gary Rogers，editor-in-chief，Radar: "There is open data across all the main beats of news — health，crime，transport, etc.一filled with stories waiting to be told.”

So far，many writers are aware of the adoption of AI-generated writing via a few ,well-publicized stories about the tech's use at major news organizations like Bloomberg，the BBC' and The New York Times. But it turns out those above represent only smattering of what's really going on. A 2021 study found that 15% of news stories are now automatically generated at leading news outlets using AI. Moreover, the adoption of Al-generated writing has gone far beyond news-reporting，cropping-up across a wide range of writing jobs.

To date，human beings still best their robot competitors in writing of the highest quality. Even so，the hard fact remains that AI will be producing an increasing number of automated writing in coming years that competes in a world often entrapped in the icy hold of ‘good enough'.

31. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

A. Algorithms can write articles quickly.

B. Writing is more than a plaything.

C. Writing is hard but interesting.

D. AI writing has great potential.

32. How does Radar generate AI-written articles?

A. By quoting local stories.

B. By including official data.

C. By selling customized stories.

D. By reporting main news beats.

33. What does the underlined we,]“a.ie”innaragraph 5 probably mean?

A. An unfair fact.

B. A small part.

C. An original idea.

D. A basic research.

34. Which would be the best title for the passage?

A. How Al is Automating Writing Jobs

B. How AI Serves Humanity in Writing

C. How Al is Widely Accepted in Writing

D. How AI Entraps Writers in the Icy World

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Confirmation bias (偏见)is our tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs. It also describes how we try to find ways to look at unclear information in ways that support rather than challenge those beliefs -or simply ignore information that contradicts them. 35_____

People usually don't engage in confirmation bias on purpose. 36_____ For example，if you heard that a politician you support was caught in a scandal (丑闻)，you might be more likely to believe explanations that make them look less guilty. Meanwhile，people who dislike that politician would probably be more likely to believe stories that make them look worse.

So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? 37_____ This can help us check if we only believe certain things because we never seriously considered other possibilities. It's also easy to surround ourselves with an “echo chamber” of people who think the same way we do -- especially on social media. 38_____ It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue.

And perhaps most importantly: we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions. 39_____ We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it's very important to us. But that's often easier said than done.

A. The thing we most want to believe might not actually be true.

B. But research has found that it is real and affects our judgment.

C. But it can be helpful to talk to people who don't share our beliefs.

D. Research has shown that confirmation bias occurs in several contexts.

E. Most of all, accept that you have biases that impact your decision-making.

F. One thing we can do is try to look for evidence that contradicts our beliefs.

G. This is especially true for information about things that feel very important to us.

第三部分 书面表达（共两节,32分)

第一节（共4小题:第40.41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

The capacity for empathy -- to first identify and then understand and share in someone else's feelings - is largely held as a virtue. Yet，there is a knowledge problem that makes being naturally empathetic a struggle. Why? As poet John Keats put it, “Nothing ever becomes real until it is experienced.”

So how can someone else's perspective (视角) and emotions ever become real enough for us to develop empathy? Reading fiction may provide an answer.

Studies show that when you read fiction，it not only activates the language processing center of the brain but also increases global flow in the brain.. It speeds up the part involved in physical movement and areas of the brain linked to sensory experiences. In other words，reading fiction lights up the brain in ways that copy the neural (神经)activities of the experience you're reading about. For example，if you read a well-written passage about a character hiking through the wilderness，your brain reacts as if you're on that hike.

To really cultivate empathy，you need to be internally more aware of and connected to those around you. And again ，reading fiction is associated with just such a skill. One study，which assesses one's ability to determine someone else's emotions based on their facial expression alone，showed that fiction readers scored higher than non-readers and readers of nonfiction. The researchers assumed that reading fiction allows people to practice taking on someone else s perspective and thus improves their social awareness. This suggests that reading fiction improves one's theory of mind and emotional intelligence.

The takeaway lesson is simple. If you want to build empathy ,try reading more fiction，more often - especially fiction by and about people whose experiences are different from your own.

40. What does the author think can help develop empathy?

41. How does reading fiction light up our mind?

42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why?

Non-readers and readers of nonfiction can better determine someone else's emotions based on their facial expression alone.

43. In addition to the benefits mentioned above，what do you think are some other benefits of reading fiction? (In about 40 words )

第二节(20分)

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim计划暑假来中国旅游，正好你也打算暑假出京旅游，想邀请他同行。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括:

1.邀请他同去的地方和理由;

2.旅游安排。

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua

参考答案

第                       知识运用（共两节，30分)

第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

1.D  2. D  3. B  4. C  5.A  6.C  7. B  8.A  9.D  10.A

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

11. styles

12. what

13. were inspired

14. but/yet/while

15. under/beneath

16. where

17. found

18. has declined

19. Rising

20.when

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分)

第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)21.B

22.C  23.D  24.A  25.A  26.B  27.D  28.C                            29.D                            30.C

31.D  32.B  33.B  34.A

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共 10分)

35.G  36. B 37.F  38.C  39.A

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分)

第一节（共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12

分)

40. Reading fiction.

41. By copying the neural (神经) activities of the experience we're reading about.

42. Non-readers and readers of nonfiction can better determine someone else's emotions based on their facial expression alone.

Fiction readers can better determine someone else's emotions based on their facial expression alone.

42.略

第二节 应用文写作(共20分)

略