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2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟试卷（一）英语试题（含答案）
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这是一份2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟试卷（一）英语试题（含答案），共16页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟试卷（一）
英 语
本试卷共8页，47小题。满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液；不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Subscription: How It Works Magazine
How It Works is a science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about our universe and everything in it．Covering a wide range of topics such as space, nature, science, animals and technology, the magazine is jam-packed with incredible and breathtaking facts ready to excite your wildest curiosity.
What is inside?
· Global Eye — the latest news, developments and events from the world of science and technology
·Amazing Images —each issue is loaded with fantastic cutaways, illustrations and photography
·Features — our in-depth articles explain topics in an exciting and engaging way that everyone can understand
·Brain Dump — get the answers to all your burning "how and why" questions in our reader Q&A section
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Why to subscribe?
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Your subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date of purchase. All members can manage their subscriptions via our self-service website pocketmags. com.
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Print: $ 8. 93 per issue, $ 116. 00 annually/ 13 issues
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You're in control: Manage your subscription online via our dedicated self-service site.
1．In which part of the magazine can you find the answers to all your burning "how and why" questions?
A．Global Eye B．Features
C．Brain Dump D．How To
2．The following are the attractions of How It Works magazine except .
A．Big savings on shop prices.
B．Cancel at any time.
C．Delivery costs included in prices.
D．Subscriptions via our self-service website.
3．How much should you pay if you make a yearly subscription in digital ?
A．$ 121 B．$ 116
C．$ 28 D．$ 8. 93
B
Various ways to socialize
Teenagers love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual worlds and taking quizzes. Of course, they also need to be safe online and report any cyber bullies (网络欺凌) .
Instagram
Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends. They say that a picture is worth a thousand words, and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month. The platform is all about photos with short captions (说明文字). When it comes to Instagram's users, 53 percent of them are aged 18—29, but a big percentage of those may be even younger and simply list their age as 18 in order to rise the platform.
Habbo Hotel
Habbo Hotel is a place for teens to chat. Each teen receives a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar (网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends. The room might have music, be set up like a classroom, or have other features so different avatars can visit one another. Each room teens can interact in has all adult moderator to make sure it stays safe.
Fanlala
Fanlala is a social network that gives teens who love celebrities, music and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes and polls to test their knowledge. Teens can set up their own profile on Fanlala and interact with other users.
Teen Chat
Teen Chat is a place for teens to interact with one another through forums according to their interests. For example, there are chat rooms for those who love anime (动漫) and for those who've just started college. There are also chat rooms for things like music, games, and sports. The platform offers a "Friend Finder" tool that will help teens search for people who live locally to them.
4．What makes Instagram different from other sites listed in the text?
A．It's a great place for people to share photos.
B．It has the largest number of users.
C．Only those above 18 normally use it.
D．It allows users to create games to play with friends.
5．Which site do you prefer when you create your own character and games?
A．Instagram B．Habbo Hotel C．Fanlala D．Teen Chat
6．Which statement is NOT true according to the whole passage?
A．There are adult moderators in all the websites to make sure they keep safe.
B．Teenagers can start their own profile on Fanlala and interact with other users.
C．Teen Chat offers a "Friend Finder" tool that will help teens search for local people.
D．All the websites are designed for teens to enjoy a good chance to socialize.
7．What is the purpose of this passage ?
A．To give some tips on how to socialize.
B．To tell the readers of some websites for socializing.
C．To explain how to stay safe online.
D．To show the advantages of socializing online.
C
It's no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.
When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do "deep cleaning", which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.
Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not fit easily together. Some days I was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn't have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.
Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I'd finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, you’re your education is forever.
8．What can we learn about the author from paragraph l?
A．He was financially embarrassed
B．He could hardly attend college.
C．Housing accounted for his biggest expense
D．His financial aid could cover his necessities.
9．How does the author find the job as a cleaner of aircraft cabins?
A．Rewarding B．exciting C．boring D．demanding
10．Why was the author in a dilemma between working at the airport and going to school?
A．Working at the airport upset the author.
B．The author was too exhausted after a night shift.
C．The author received a final warning for bad attendance at school.
D．The author's school schedule doesn't fit the working time properly.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
B．The significance of schooling last forever.
C．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
D．One should be financially supported by himself.
D
Many people count on faster, cheaper and better technology to offer a vision of a brighter future. Nevertheless, as the 2020s dawn, optimism is in short supply. The new technologies that dominated the past decade seem to be making matters worse. Social media were supposed to bring people together, but they are better known for leaking privacy. E-commerce, ride-hailing and the gig economy (零工经济) may be convenient, but they are charged with underpaying workers, worsening inequality and blocking the streets with vehicles.
Today's pessimistic mood is centered on smart phones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism against cars, which had earlier been seen as an answer to the problems caused by horse-drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and animal waste and caused accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers, the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands.
However, that pessimism can be overdone. Too often people focus on the drawbacks of anew technology while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be weighed against the much more substantial benefits of convenient communication and the instant access to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. A further danger is that Luddite（反对技术进步者）efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits-something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a "technology trap". Fears that robots will steal people's jobs may discourage their use. Yet in the long run countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer.
Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. Perhaps the real source of anxiety is not technology itself, but growing doubts about the ability of societies to hold this debate, and come up with good answers. So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-obsessed 2020sis to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived.
12．According to paragraph 1, the following are the problems with the new technologies of the past decade except ．
A．Leaking privacy. B．Underpaying workers
C．Bringing people together D．worsening inequality
13．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 2?
A．criticism against cars.
B．Origin of pessimistic mood.
C．Worries about the replacement of skilled workers.
D，Problems caused by horse-drawn vehicles.
14．What does a "technology trap" refer to?
A．People worry about the drawbacks of a new technology.
B．People take the benefits of a new technology for granted.
C．Robots will steal people's jobs.
D．Present costs of a new technology prevent its future benefits.
15．What is the author's attitude to new technologies?
A．subjective B．objective C．pessimistic D．critical
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people all over the world enjoy an alcoholic drink, such as wine or beer, during dinner. Some people raise a glass of alcohol to celebrate a wedding or a birthday. 16 All these situations are considered "social drinking" because they happen at social events. But when does "social drinking" become problem drinking?
17 That is six percent of all deaths around the world. And in a new report on alcohol use around the world, the WHO says alcohol can create dependency, or addiction, in some people. The report also warns that alcohol use can increase the risk of developing more than 200 diseases, including some kinds of cancers. And, the WHO says alcohol abuse can put people at greater risk of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, pneumonia and HIV.
WHO Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Shekhar Saxene says the organization is concerned about drinking among young people between the ages 15 and 19. 18 The report concludes that worldwide 16 percent of drinkers over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking, which is much more harmful than other kinds of drinking and causes the most harm in terms of accidents, self-harm and harm to others.
High income countries have the highest prevalence（流行）of binge-drinking. The report finds that the highest rates of alcohol-linked deaths are in Europe. This is followed by the West Pacific and then the Americans. The report also finds Europe is the area with the highest alcohol use.
19
20 These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales, raising the drinking age limit, and controlling the marketing of alcohol beverages.
A．WHO suggests ways countries can protect people from alcohol abuse.
B．If you're not sure whether you have a binge-drinking problem, here are some questions you can ask yourself.
C．Central and Eastern Europe are especially high.
D．An estimated 5% of cancer deaths in the United States are drug and alcohol related.
E．And it is more concerned about "binge-drinking" —an extended period of heavy drinking.
F．And having drinks after work with friends and co-workers is called "happy hour".
G．According to the World Health Organization( WHO), alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a play called Pygmalion written by an Irish writer, two characters meet by chance on a rainy night in London. One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language 21 . The other one is a young woman called Eliza who is selling flowers for
22 . They start talking, and Henry is 23 by the very 24 way in which they speak the same language. This is mainly 25 Eliza is a "cockney".
The word "cockney" was first used in English in 1362 to 26 a small egg with a strange shape. 27 , the word changed meaning and was used to describe city men——this is because the people living in villages 28 them weak and similar to women. In the 19th century, a cockney was a person who lived in East London. In this community, many people were poor. Some of them were 29 in crimes like pickpocketing (stealing people's wallets) 30 they were often in trouble with the police. This is why they 31 a special language which worked like a code: they could talk to each other 32 the police understanding what they were saying.
For example, if Eliza's father wanted to steal someone's wallet, he could say to his friend, “Follow this man, he has a lot of bees and honey” (he has a lot of 33 ．)Or if he wanted to talk about a beautiful woman's legs without her knowing, he was able to say, "Look at her bacon and eggs!" (look at her legs). A phone was "dog and bone" and "Adam and Eve" 34 “believe". So how about 35 some cockney English next time you are on the dog and bone?
21．A．works B．appears C．shows D．cultivates
22．A．a report B．an investigation C．a living D．a research
23．A．confused B．fascinated C．overtaken D．responded
24．A．similar B．different C．beautiful D．skillful
25．A．when B．where C．why D．because
26．A．mean B．buy C．sell D．collect
27．A．Lately B．Critically C．Later D．Dramatically
28．A．proved B．predicted C．compared D．considered
29．A．charged B．suspected C．involved D．recorded
30．A．so B．but C．because D．however
31．A．learned B．practised C．invented D．discovered
32．A．with B．without C．by D．through
33．A．ships B．businesses C．food D．money
34．A．proved B．guessed C．meant D．claimed
35．A．expressing B．using C．making D．explaining
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since Chinese archaeologists（考古学家）made public some of the 36 (new)unearthed artifacts from the Sanxingdui Ruins site on Saturday, a gold mask 37 (catch)most of the attention from experts and the public alike.
38 (recognize) as one of the most important ancient remains found in the 20th century, the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui in southwest China's Sichuan province is 39 treasure house buried with a collection of pottery, jade, bronze and gold wares. 40 astonished the archaeologists most about this gold mask is its large size, 23 centimeters wide and 28 centirueters high. Although only about half of the gold mask was unearthed, it's so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization, 41 (weigh) 280 grams.
42 is estimated that the whole mask could weigh more than 500 grams. This lightweight mask is made of gold foil（箔），featuring a raised nose with a sharp edge at the tip. It's basically the same size 43 the head sculptures from the same pit. Thus, archaeologists believe it was originally 44 (attach) to the face of a head sculpture.
The masks' eyes and eyebrows are delicately hollowed out, creating a sense of 45 (serious) and dignity. They most likely represent authorities or top-level figures at that period, according to archaeologists.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是校英语网课学生主持人李华，请给同学们介绍上网课注意事项。内容包括：
1．网课的安排和内容；
2．网课的要求。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答，内容可适当发挥。
Hello everyone;
This is Li Hua and welcome to our English online course.
Thank you! Wish you good luck!
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Long, long ago there lived at the foot of the mountain a poor farmer and his aged, widowed
mother. They owned a bit of land which supplied them with food, and they were humble, peaceful, and happy.
Shining was governed by a cruel leader who made a cruel law putting to death all aged people. The poor farmer loved his aged mother and the order filled his heart with sorrow. So with many deep and hopeless sighs, the youth prepared for what at that time was considered the kindest mode of death.
Then he lifted his helpless old mother to his back and started on his painful journey up the mountain. The road was long and steep; the narrow road was crossed and re-crossed by many paths made by the hunters and woodcutters. On he went, climbing blindly upward——ever upward towards the high bare summit of what is known as Obatsuyama, the mountain of the “abandoning of the aged.”
At last the summit was reached. Weary and heart sick, the youth gently released his mother and silently prepared a place of comfort as his last duty to his mother. With tearful eyes and an aching heart he said farewell. Then mother gave her last words. She said. "The mountain road is full of dangers. Look carefully and follow the path which holds the piles of twigs I had dropped. They will guide you to the familiar path farther down.” The son's heart broke within and bowing to the ground, he cried aloud: "oh, Honorable mother, your kindness breaks my heart! I will not leave you. Together we will follow the path of twigs, and together we will die!"
Once more he shouldered his mother and hurried down the path to the little hut in the valley. Then the son hid his mother, supplying her with everything she needed. Time passed, and he was beginning to feel safe when again the governor sent forth another demand that his subjects（臣民）should present him with a rope of ashes.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
The entire province trembled with horror.
The governor was pleased at the wit of the youth and praised greatly.
英语参考答案
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题25分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
答案及解析：1．C 2．B 3．C
[语篇解读]这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了杂志How It Works内容及订阅事宜。
1．C细节理解题。根据What is inside? 部分Brain Dump－get the answers to all your burning “how and why” questions in our reader Q&A section可知，在Brain Dump部分可以找到你所有“如何”和“为什么”问题的答案，故答案选择C项。
2．B细节理解题，根据Why to subscribe? 部分中“Your subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date of purchase,”（您的订阅可以在购买之日起14天内随时取消。）可知该杂志的订阅者可以在购买后14天内取消订单，答案选择B项。
3．C细节理解题，根据Choose your preferred subscription package部分“Digital: $2.20 per issue, $28.00 annually/ 13 issues” 可知，数字版：每期$2.20，每年$28. 00，共13期。由此可知，订阅一年需要付28美元。故答案选择C项
B
答案及解析：4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几款针对青少年社交生活的几个网站，给他们提供了玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和做测验的安全社交机会。
4．A细节理解题。根据Instagram部分的 “Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share-them with friends.（Instagram允许青少年上传他们日常生活的照片，并与朋友分享。）”可知，使Instagram不同于其他网站的是这是一个人们分享照片的好地方。故选A。
5．B细节理解题。根据Habbo Hotel部分的“Each teen receives a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar（网络头像）in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends.（每个青少年都有一个可以用虚拟物品装饰的私人房间。他们还可以给自己的虚拟角色穿上虚拟衣服，或者创建游戏与朋友一起玩。）”可知，允许用户创建自己的角色，或者创建游戏的是Habbo Hotel，故选B。
6．A推理判断题。根据第三段Habbo Hotel “Each room teens can interact in has all adult moderator to make sure it stays safe.（青少年交流互动的每个房间都有一个调解人来确保安全。” 可知，并不是所有网站都有调解人，故答案选A。
7．B推理判断题。根据第一段的“Teenagers love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual worlds and taking quizzes.（青少年喜欢社交，这些网站给他们提供了玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和做测验的机会。）”可知，本文的目的是告知读者一些社交网站，故选B。
C
答案及解析：8．C 9．D 10．D 11．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者经济上陷入困境，但为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。可是后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定后悔。
8．C推理判断题。根据第一段 "It's no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food，healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became. （大学学费昂贵已经不是什么秘密了。我得到了经济援助，我能够负担入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难）" 可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。故选C。
9．D主旨大意题。根据第二段 “Soon，I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do "deep cleaning"，which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.” （我很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就要清理各种大小的飞机。在整个夜班期间，我必须做“深度清洁”，这意味着清洁所有东西，甚至我必须检查每个安全舱，并更换任何丢失的物品。这可是令人厌恶的工作。）可知这份工作是“劳神费力的”，答案选择D项。
10．D推理判断题。根据第三段“Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not it easily together. Some days I was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn't have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warming for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.（另一个让我很难过的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。我又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出决定。我想去上学，取得优异成绩，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己）” 可推知，作者进退两难是因为学校日程和工作时间不能兼顾，故答案选择D项。
11．B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I'd finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary，and your education is forever.（我为这份工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了我的教育，现在我将既没有工作也没有教育。我终于明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的）”可推知，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认，持久起作用，故答案选择B项。
D
答案及解析：12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍了新科技给人们带来的社会问题及悲观情绪.
集中在智能手机和社交媒体上；为避免与新技术相关的短期成本所做的努力最终将导致无法获得其长期利益，称之为“技术陷阱”。作者乐观、客观地分析新技术也可以造福未来。
12．C细节理解题。根据第一段的“Social media were supposed to bring people together, but they are better known for leaking privacy. E-commerce, ride-hailing and the gig economy（零工经济）may be convenient，but they are charge with underpaying workers, worsening inequality and blocking the streets with vehicles.（社交媒体本应把人们聚在一起，但它们更出名的是泄露隐私。电子商务、打车服务和零工经济可能很方便，但他们被指控付给工人低工资，加剧不平等，及车辆堵塞街道。）” 可知答案选择C项。
13．B推理判断题。根据第二段的 “Today's pessimistic mood is centered on smart phones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism against cars, which had earlier been seen as an answer to the problems caused by horse~drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and animal waste and caused accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers，the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands.（今天的悲观情绪集中在智能手机和社交媒体上，这两个领域在十年前就开始流行。然而，人们担心某些技术可能弊大于利。20世纪20年代出现了对汽车的批评，这在早期被视为是对马拉车造成的问题的一种解决办法，马拉车充斥着噪音和动物粪便，并引发了事故，工业化在19世纪受到了浪漫主义者的批评，他们担心技术工人的更替，农村的掠夺和工厂工人的痛苦）”可知答案选择B项，
14．D推理判断题。根据第三段的 “A further danger is that Luddite（反对技术进步者）efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits－something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology
trap”．Fears that robots win steal people's jobs may discourage their use.（另一个危险是勒德派（反对技术进步者）为避免与新技术相关的短期成本所做的努力最终将导致无法获得其长期利益，牛津大学学者卡尔·贝内迪克特·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）称之为"技术陷阱"。人们担心机器人会抢走人们的工作，因此不愿使用它们）” 可推断得出“技术陷阱”是目前的新技术成本阻止其未来的利益，故答案选择D项。
15．B推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. …So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-obsessed 2020s is to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived.（任何强大的技术都可以用来做好事或坏事。正是人们对它的选择塑造了世界。… 因此，随着十年的交替，暂时把悲观情绪放在一边。活在痴迷科技的21世纪20年代，是有史以来最幸运的人之一）” 可知作者对待新科技的态度是客观的，故答案选择B项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2 5分，满分12.5分）
答案与解析：
16．F 17．G 18．E 19．C 20．A
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述过度饮酒给世界各国人民带来的各种伤害非常严重，并提出一些关于保护人们免于酗酒的方法。
16．F段中题。根据16题前句 “Some people all over the world enjoy an alcoholic drink, such as wine or beer, during dinner. Some people raise a glass of alcohol to celebrate a wedding or a birthday.”（全世界的许多人在晚餐时喜欢喝酒精饮料，如葡萄酒或啤酒。有些人举起一杯酒来庆祝婚礼或生日。）是具体喝酒场景；16题后句 "All these situations are considered “social drinking” because they happen at social events.” （所有这些情况都被认为是“社交饮酒”，因为它们发生在社交场合。）可知36题应该是描写具体的饮酒场景，故答案选择F项。
17．G段首题。根据17题后句 “That is six percent of all deaths around the world.”（“这是全世界死亡总数的6%。” 中的死亡率呼应 “alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year”（酗酒每年导致330万人死亡）可知答案选择G项。
18．E段中题。根据18题前句 “WHO Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Shekhar Saxene says the organization is concerned about drinking among young people between the ages 15 and 19.”（世卫组织精神健康和药物滥用主任谢卡·萨克森表示，该组织对15至19岁年轻人的饮酒问题感到担忧。）及后句 “The report concludes that worldwide 16 percent of drinkers over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking, which is much more harmful than other kinds of drinking and causes the most harm in terns of accidents, self-harm and harm to others.” （报告总结说，全世界15岁以上的饮酒者中有16%的人狂饮，这比其他类型的饮酒危害更大，在事故、自残和对他人的伤害方面造成的伤害最大。）由此可知18题 “更关注的是“狂饮”——种长期的酗酒”，承上启下，符合语境。故答案选择E项。
19．C段尾题。根据39题前句 “The report finds that the highest rates of alcohol-linked deaths are in Europe. The report also finds Europe is the area with the highest alcohol use. Central and Eastern Europe are especially high.” （报告发现，与酒精有关的死亡率最高的是欧洲。该报告还发现欧洲是酒精使用量最高的地区。中欧和东欧特别高）可知答案选择C项。
20．A段首题。根据20题后句，“These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales, raising the drinking age limit, and controlling the marketing of alcohol beverage.”（这些措施包括提高酒精销售税，提高饮酒年龄限制，以及控制酒精饮料的销售。）可知是一些保护人们免于酗酒的措施，故答案选择A项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
答案及解析：
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言学家希金斯与卖花女伊莱莎在街头偶遇，希金斯对伊莱莎说的伦敦土话（考克尼）很感兴趣，记述了考克尼的由来及生活实例。
21．A考查动词词义辨析。根据21题句意 “One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language works.” （其中之一是希金斯，一位富有的教授，他对语言的运作原理非常感兴趣。）可知，希金斯教授研究语言的秘密，故答案选择A项。
22．C考查名词词义辨析，根据22题句意 “The other one is a young woman called Eliza who is selling flowers for a living ”（另一个是一个叫伊莱莎的年轻女人，她靠卖花为生。）；A．a report报告；B．an investigation调查；C．a living生计；D．a research研究；故答案选择C项。
23．B考查动词词义辨析。根据23题前文 “One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language works.” （其中之一是希金斯，一位富有的教授，他对语言的运作原理非常感兴趣。）可知希金斯对于伊莱莎讲话的方式很感兴趣；A．confused困惑的；B．fascinated极感兴趣的；C．overtaken超过；D．responded回应；故答案选择B项。
24．B考查形容词词义辨析。根据24题句意 “They start talking, and Henry is fascinated by the very different way in which they speak the same language.”（他们开始交谈，他们说同一种语言但是亨利对于她讲话的不同方式非常感兴趣。）；A．similar相似的；B．different不同的；C．beautiful漂亮的；D．skillful有技巧的；4题后文描述了伦敦土话的由来及不同的表达实例，故答案选择B项。
25．C考查连词词义辨析，根据25题后文句意 “In the 19th century, a cockney was a person who lived in East London.”（19世纪，考克尼人是居住在东伦敦的人。）可知：这是因为伊莱莎是一个考克尼人；故答案选择C项。
26．A考查动词词义辨析。根据26题句意 “The word ‘cockney’ was first used in English in 1362 to mean a small egg with a strange shape.”（“cockney”一词最早于1362年出现在英语中，意思是形状奇怪的小鸡蛋。）可知答案选择A项。
27．C考查副词词义辨析。根据27题句意 “Later，the word changed meaning and was used to describe city men”（后来，这个词的意思发生了变化，被用来形容城市人。）；A．Lately最近；B．Critically批判地；C．Later后来；D．Dramatically显著地；可知这个词义的变化是后来逐渐的过程，故答案选择C项。
28．D考查动词词义辨析。根据28题句意“Later，the word changed meaning and was used to describe city men-this is because the people living in villages considered them weak and similar to women.” （后来，这个词的意思发生了变化，被用来形容城市男人——这是因为生活在乡村的人们认为他们软弱，与女性相似。）可知答案选择D项。
29．C考查动词词义辨析。根据29题句意 “Some of them were involved in crimes like pickpocketing (stealing people's wallets)”（他们中的一些人参与了扒窃等犯罪活动。）；A．charged起诉；B．suspected怀疑；C．involved参与；D．recorded记录；故答案选择C项。
30．A考查连词词义辨析。根据30题前句 “Some of them were involved in crimes like a pickpocketing ( stealing people's wallets)”（他们中的一些人参与了扒窃等犯罪活，动。）；可知“他们经常与警察发生冲突”是参与犯罪的结果，故答案选择A项。
31．C考查动词词义辨析。根据31题句意 “This is why they invented a special language which worked like a code”（这就是为什么他们发明了一种像代码一样工作的特殊语言）；A．learned学习；B．practised练习；C．invented发明；D．discovered发现；可知答案选择C项。
32．B考查介词词义辨析。根据32题前句 “This is why they invented a special language which worked like a code”（这就是为什么他们发明了一种像代码一样工作的特殊语言）可知这是一种暗语，“不让警察理解他们在说什么”，故答案选择B项。
33．D考查名词词义辨析。根据33题前文中 “Eliza's father wanted to steal someone's wallet”（伊莱莎的父亲想偷别人的钱包）可知“bees and honey”的意思是金钱，故答案选择D项。
34．C考查动词词义辨析。根据34题前句的考克尼语的生活实例可知'Adam' and Eve'表示 “believe相信”；A．proved证实是；B．guessed猜测；C．meant意思是；D．claimed声称；故答案选择C项。
35．B考查动词词义辨析。根据35题句意“So how about using some cockney English next time you are on the dog and bone?”（所以下次打电话的时候，使用一些伦敦土话英语怎么样？）；A．expressing表达；B．using使用：C．making制造；D．explaining解释；故答案选择B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
答案及解析：
36．newly 37．Has caught 38．Recognized 39．a 40．What 41．weighing
42．It 43．as 44．attached 45．seriousness
[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。自从中国考古学家周六公布了三星堆遗址出土的一些文物后，一个黄金面具吸引了专家和公众的大部分关注。文章主要介绍了三星堆遗址以及黄金面具的一些情况。
36．newly考查副词。根据36题句意“Since Chinese archaeologists（考古学家）made public some of the 36 ( new) unearthed artifacts from the Sanxingdui Ruins site on Saturday, a gold mask 37 (catch) most of the attention from experts and the public alike.”（自从中国考古学家周六公布了三星堆遗址新近出土的一些文物后，一个黄金面具吸引了专家和公众的大部分关注。）可知“the newly( new) unearthed artifacts”中需要副词newly做状语，故答案为newly。
37．has caught考查动词时态。根据37题句意同36题可知since引导时间状语从句，所以主句谓语动词为现在完成时态，故答案为has caught。
38．Recognized考查非谓语动词。根据58题句意 “ 38 (recognize) as one of the most important ancient remains found in the 20th century, the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui in southwest China's Sichuan province is 39 treasure house buried with a collection of pottery, jade, bronze and gold wares．”（三星堆被认为是20世纪发现的最重要的古代遗迹之一，有3000年历史的三星堆位于中国西南部的四川省，是一个埋藏着陶器、玉器、青铜器和金器的宝库。）可知句首recognize需要用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui为被动关系，故答案为Recognized。
39．a考查冠词。根据39题句意同38题可知， 39 treasure house可数名词文中第一次单数形式前使用不定冠词，故答案为a。
40．What考查主语从句。根据40题句意 “ 40 astonished the archaeologists most about this gold mask is its large size，23 centimeters wide and 28 centimeters high.”（最让考古学家吃惊的是它的巨大尺寸，23厘米宽28厘米高。）可知，40题空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故应用what，句首单词首字母要大写，故答案为What。
41．weighing考查非谓语动词。根据41题句意 “Although only about half of the gold mask was unearthed, it's so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization， 41 (Weigh)280 grams.”（尽管只有大约一半的黄金面具被发掘出来，它是迄今为止在中国文明初级阶段发现的同类中最大的，重280克。）可知41题空处的weigh需用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the largest of its kind同类中最大的面具是主动关系，故答案为weighing。
42. It考查固定句型。根据42题句意“ 42 is estimated that the whole mask could weigh more than 500 grams.”（据估计，整个面具重量超过500克。）可知，表示“据估计……”可知句型为 it is estimated that. … It为形式主语，故答案为It。
43．as考查介词。根据43题句意 “It's basically the same size 43 the head sculptures from the same pit.”（基本上和同一个坑里的头雕一样大。）可知，the same…as…搭配表示同样的，故答案为as。
44．attached考查被动语态。根据44题句意 “Thus，archaeologists believe it was originally
44 (attach) to the face of a head sculpture．”（因此，考古学家认为它最初是被贴在一个头部雕塑的脸上。）可知，was attached to被贴在…，故答案为attached。
45．seriousness考查名词。根据45题句意 “The masks' eyes and eyebrows are delicately hollowed out, creating a sense of 45 (serious) and dignity.”（面具的眼睛和眉毛被巧妙地挖空，营造出一种严肃和尊严的感觉。）可知，介词of后需要名词形式作宾语，故答案为seriousness。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是校英语网课学生主持人李华，请给同学们介绍上网课注意事项。内容包括：
1．网课的安排和内容；
2．网课的要求。
One possible version:
Hello everyone:
This is Li Hua and welcome to our English online course. This course is designed to help students of senior 3 get well prepared for the entrance exam of English, including six lectures by experienced teachers from the teaching staff in our school. The lectures are scheduled at 9:00 each Saturday morning from now and each lasts 3 hours. In this lesson, Mr Zhang will give a talk about how to improve your listening skills. You will have hands-on practices to experience the magic ways. It would be helpful to register the course to have full access to the online exercises before joining. You'd better join the lecture with a computer or a laptop. You may watch the video for further study.
Thank you! Wish you good luck!
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
答案：The entire province trembled with horror. The order must be obeyed, yet who in all Shining could make a rope dashes? One night, in great distress, the son whispered the news to his hidden mother. "Wait!" she said．“I will think. I will think” On the second day she told him what to do. "Make rope of twisted straw," she said. "Then stretch it upon a row of flat stones and burn it on a windless might.” He called the people together and did as what his mother said. And when the fire died down, there lay a rope of ashes upon the scones, with every twist and fiber showing perfectly.
The governor was pleased at the wisdom of the youth and praised greatly. At the same time the governor demanded to know where he had obtained his wisdom. He felt frightened and could not think of an idea to deal with the dilemma. Trembling with fear, the fanner made up his mind to tell the truth. Then with deep bows he told his story. The governor listened and then thought in silence for a long time. Finally he lifted his head. "Shining needs more than strength of youth," he said. The cruel law was ended, and legends remain.
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟试卷（一）
英 语
本试卷共8页，47小题。满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液；不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Subscription: How It Works Magazine
How It Works is a science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about our universe and everything in it．Covering a wide range of topics such as space, nature, science, animals and technology, the magazine is jam-packed with incredible and breathtaking facts ready to excite your wildest curiosity.
What is inside?
· Global Eye — the latest news, developments and events from the world of science and technology
·Amazing Images —each issue is loaded with fantastic cutaways, illustrations and photography
·Features — our in-depth articles explain topics in an exciting and engaging way that everyone can understand
·Brain Dump — get the answers to all your burning "how and why" questions in our reader Q&A section
·How To — your guide to fun experiments and projects to try out at home
Why to subscribe?
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·Never Miss an Issue
Your subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date of purchase. All members can manage their subscriptions via our self-service website pocketmags. com.
Choose your preferred subscription package:
Print: $ 8. 93 per issue, $ 116. 00 annually/ 13 issues
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Best price guarantee: We'll refund the difference if you find it cheaper elsewhere.
You're in control: Manage your subscription online via our dedicated self-service site.
1．In which part of the magazine can you find the answers to all your burning "how and why" questions?
A．Global Eye B．Features
C．Brain Dump D．How To
2．The following are the attractions of How It Works magazine except .
A．Big savings on shop prices.
B．Cancel at any time.
C．Delivery costs included in prices.
D．Subscriptions via our self-service website.
3．How much should you pay if you make a yearly subscription in digital ?
A．$ 121 B．$ 116
C．$ 28 D．$ 8. 93
B
Various ways to socialize
Teenagers love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual worlds and taking quizzes. Of course, they also need to be safe online and report any cyber bullies (网络欺凌) .
Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends. They say that a picture is worth a thousand words, and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month. The platform is all about photos with short captions (说明文字). When it comes to Instagram's users, 53 percent of them are aged 18—29, but a big percentage of those may be even younger and simply list their age as 18 in order to rise the platform.
Habbo Hotel
Habbo Hotel is a place for teens to chat. Each teen receives a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar (网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends. The room might have music, be set up like a classroom, or have other features so different avatars can visit one another. Each room teens can interact in has all adult moderator to make sure it stays safe.
Fanlala
Fanlala is a social network that gives teens who love celebrities, music and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes and polls to test their knowledge. Teens can set up their own profile on Fanlala and interact with other users.
Teen Chat
Teen Chat is a place for teens to interact with one another through forums according to their interests. For example, there are chat rooms for those who love anime (动漫) and for those who've just started college. There are also chat rooms for things like music, games, and sports. The platform offers a "Friend Finder" tool that will help teens search for people who live locally to them.
4．What makes Instagram different from other sites listed in the text?
A．It's a great place for people to share photos.
B．It has the largest number of users.
C．Only those above 18 normally use it.
D．It allows users to create games to play with friends.
5．Which site do you prefer when you create your own character and games?
A．Instagram B．Habbo Hotel C．Fanlala D．Teen Chat
6．Which statement is NOT true according to the whole passage?
A．There are adult moderators in all the websites to make sure they keep safe.
B．Teenagers can start their own profile on Fanlala and interact with other users.
C．Teen Chat offers a "Friend Finder" tool that will help teens search for local people.
D．All the websites are designed for teens to enjoy a good chance to socialize.
7．What is the purpose of this passage ?
A．To give some tips on how to socialize.
B．To tell the readers of some websites for socializing.
C．To explain how to stay safe online.
D．To show the advantages of socializing online.
C
It's no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.
When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do "deep cleaning", which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.
Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not fit easily together. Some days I was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn't have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.
Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I'd finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, you’re your education is forever.
8．What can we learn about the author from paragraph l?
A．He was financially embarrassed
B．He could hardly attend college.
C．Housing accounted for his biggest expense
D．His financial aid could cover his necessities.
9．How does the author find the job as a cleaner of aircraft cabins?
A．Rewarding B．exciting C．boring D．demanding
10．Why was the author in a dilemma between working at the airport and going to school?
A．Working at the airport upset the author.
B．The author was too exhausted after a night shift.
C．The author received a final warning for bad attendance at school.
D．The author's school schedule doesn't fit the working time properly.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
B．The significance of schooling last forever.
C．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
D．One should be financially supported by himself.
D
Many people count on faster, cheaper and better technology to offer a vision of a brighter future. Nevertheless, as the 2020s dawn, optimism is in short supply. The new technologies that dominated the past decade seem to be making matters worse. Social media were supposed to bring people together, but they are better known for leaking privacy. E-commerce, ride-hailing and the gig economy (零工经济) may be convenient, but they are charged with underpaying workers, worsening inequality and blocking the streets with vehicles.
Today's pessimistic mood is centered on smart phones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism against cars, which had earlier been seen as an answer to the problems caused by horse-drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and animal waste and caused accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers, the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands.
However, that pessimism can be overdone. Too often people focus on the drawbacks of anew technology while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be weighed against the much more substantial benefits of convenient communication and the instant access to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. A further danger is that Luddite（反对技术进步者）efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits-something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a "technology trap". Fears that robots will steal people's jobs may discourage their use. Yet in the long run countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer.
Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. Perhaps the real source of anxiety is not technology itself, but growing doubts about the ability of societies to hold this debate, and come up with good answers. So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-obsessed 2020sis to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived.
12．According to paragraph 1, the following are the problems with the new technologies of the past decade except ．
A．Leaking privacy. B．Underpaying workers
C．Bringing people together D．worsening inequality
13．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 2?
A．criticism against cars.
B．Origin of pessimistic mood.
C．Worries about the replacement of skilled workers.
D，Problems caused by horse-drawn vehicles.
14．What does a "technology trap" refer to?
A．People worry about the drawbacks of a new technology.
B．People take the benefits of a new technology for granted.
C．Robots will steal people's jobs.
D．Present costs of a new technology prevent its future benefits.
15．What is the author's attitude to new technologies?
A．subjective B．objective C．pessimistic D．critical
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people all over the world enjoy an alcoholic drink, such as wine or beer, during dinner. Some people raise a glass of alcohol to celebrate a wedding or a birthday. 16 All these situations are considered "social drinking" because they happen at social events. But when does "social drinking" become problem drinking?
17 That is six percent of all deaths around the world. And in a new report on alcohol use around the world, the WHO says alcohol can create dependency, or addiction, in some people. The report also warns that alcohol use can increase the risk of developing more than 200 diseases, including some kinds of cancers. And, the WHO says alcohol abuse can put people at greater risk of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, pneumonia and HIV.
WHO Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Shekhar Saxene says the organization is concerned about drinking among young people between the ages 15 and 19. 18 The report concludes that worldwide 16 percent of drinkers over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking, which is much more harmful than other kinds of drinking and causes the most harm in terms of accidents, self-harm and harm to others.
High income countries have the highest prevalence（流行）of binge-drinking. The report finds that the highest rates of alcohol-linked deaths are in Europe. This is followed by the West Pacific and then the Americans. The report also finds Europe is the area with the highest alcohol use.
19
20 These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales, raising the drinking age limit, and controlling the marketing of alcohol beverages.
A．WHO suggests ways countries can protect people from alcohol abuse.
B．If you're not sure whether you have a binge-drinking problem, here are some questions you can ask yourself.
C．Central and Eastern Europe are especially high.
D．An estimated 5% of cancer deaths in the United States are drug and alcohol related.
E．And it is more concerned about "binge-drinking" —an extended period of heavy drinking.
F．And having drinks after work with friends and co-workers is called "happy hour".
G．According to the World Health Organization( WHO), alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a play called Pygmalion written by an Irish writer, two characters meet by chance on a rainy night in London. One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language 21 . The other one is a young woman called Eliza who is selling flowers for
22 . They start talking, and Henry is 23 by the very 24 way in which they speak the same language. This is mainly 25 Eliza is a "cockney".
The word "cockney" was first used in English in 1362 to 26 a small egg with a strange shape. 27 , the word changed meaning and was used to describe city men——this is because the people living in villages 28 them weak and similar to women. In the 19th century, a cockney was a person who lived in East London. In this community, many people were poor. Some of them were 29 in crimes like pickpocketing (stealing people's wallets) 30 they were often in trouble with the police. This is why they 31 a special language which worked like a code: they could talk to each other 32 the police understanding what they were saying.
For example, if Eliza's father wanted to steal someone's wallet, he could say to his friend, “Follow this man, he has a lot of bees and honey” (he has a lot of 33 ．)Or if he wanted to talk about a beautiful woman's legs without her knowing, he was able to say, "Look at her bacon and eggs!" (look at her legs). A phone was "dog and bone" and "Adam and Eve" 34 “believe". So how about 35 some cockney English next time you are on the dog and bone?
21．A．works B．appears C．shows D．cultivates
22．A．a report B．an investigation C．a living D．a research
23．A．confused B．fascinated C．overtaken D．responded
24．A．similar B．different C．beautiful D．skillful
25．A．when B．where C．why D．because
26．A．mean B．buy C．sell D．collect
27．A．Lately B．Critically C．Later D．Dramatically
28．A．proved B．predicted C．compared D．considered
29．A．charged B．suspected C．involved D．recorded
30．A．so B．but C．because D．however
31．A．learned B．practised C．invented D．discovered
32．A．with B．without C．by D．through
33．A．ships B．businesses C．food D．money
34．A．proved B．guessed C．meant D．claimed
35．A．expressing B．using C．making D．explaining
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since Chinese archaeologists（考古学家）made public some of the 36 (new)unearthed artifacts from the Sanxingdui Ruins site on Saturday, a gold mask 37 (catch)most of the attention from experts and the public alike.
38 (recognize) as one of the most important ancient remains found in the 20th century, the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui in southwest China's Sichuan province is 39 treasure house buried with a collection of pottery, jade, bronze and gold wares. 40 astonished the archaeologists most about this gold mask is its large size, 23 centimeters wide and 28 centirueters high. Although only about half of the gold mask was unearthed, it's so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization, 41 (weigh) 280 grams.
42 is estimated that the whole mask could weigh more than 500 grams. This lightweight mask is made of gold foil（箔），featuring a raised nose with a sharp edge at the tip. It's basically the same size 43 the head sculptures from the same pit. Thus, archaeologists believe it was originally 44 (attach) to the face of a head sculpture.
The masks' eyes and eyebrows are delicately hollowed out, creating a sense of 45 (serious) and dignity. They most likely represent authorities or top-level figures at that period, according to archaeologists.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是校英语网课学生主持人李华，请给同学们介绍上网课注意事项。内容包括：
1．网课的安排和内容；
2．网课的要求。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答，内容可适当发挥。
Hello everyone;
This is Li Hua and welcome to our English online course.
Thank you! Wish you good luck!
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Long, long ago there lived at the foot of the mountain a poor farmer and his aged, widowed
mother. They owned a bit of land which supplied them with food, and they were humble, peaceful, and happy.
Shining was governed by a cruel leader who made a cruel law putting to death all aged people. The poor farmer loved his aged mother and the order filled his heart with sorrow. So with many deep and hopeless sighs, the youth prepared for what at that time was considered the kindest mode of death.
Then he lifted his helpless old mother to his back and started on his painful journey up the mountain. The road was long and steep; the narrow road was crossed and re-crossed by many paths made by the hunters and woodcutters. On he went, climbing blindly upward——ever upward towards the high bare summit of what is known as Obatsuyama, the mountain of the “abandoning of the aged.”
At last the summit was reached. Weary and heart sick, the youth gently released his mother and silently prepared a place of comfort as his last duty to his mother. With tearful eyes and an aching heart he said farewell. Then mother gave her last words. She said. "The mountain road is full of dangers. Look carefully and follow the path which holds the piles of twigs I had dropped. They will guide you to the familiar path farther down.” The son's heart broke within and bowing to the ground, he cried aloud: "oh, Honorable mother, your kindness breaks my heart! I will not leave you. Together we will follow the path of twigs, and together we will die!"
Once more he shouldered his mother and hurried down the path to the little hut in the valley. Then the son hid his mother, supplying her with everything she needed. Time passed, and he was beginning to feel safe when again the governor sent forth another demand that his subjects（臣民）should present him with a rope of ashes.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
The entire province trembled with horror.
The governor was pleased at the wit of the youth and praised greatly.
英语参考答案
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题25分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
答案及解析：1．C 2．B 3．C
[语篇解读]这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了杂志How It Works内容及订阅事宜。
1．C细节理解题。根据What is inside? 部分Brain Dump－get the answers to all your burning “how and why” questions in our reader Q&A section可知，在Brain Dump部分可以找到你所有“如何”和“为什么”问题的答案，故答案选择C项。
2．B细节理解题，根据Why to subscribe? 部分中“Your subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date of purchase,”（您的订阅可以在购买之日起14天内随时取消。）可知该杂志的订阅者可以在购买后14天内取消订单，答案选择B项。
3．C细节理解题，根据Choose your preferred subscription package部分“Digital: $2.20 per issue, $28.00 annually/ 13 issues” 可知，数字版：每期$2.20，每年$28. 00，共13期。由此可知，订阅一年需要付28美元。故答案选择C项
B
答案及解析：4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几款针对青少年社交生活的几个网站，给他们提供了玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和做测验的安全社交机会。
4．A细节理解题。根据Instagram部分的 “Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share-them with friends.（Instagram允许青少年上传他们日常生活的照片，并与朋友分享。）”可知，使Instagram不同于其他网站的是这是一个人们分享照片的好地方。故选A。
5．B细节理解题。根据Habbo Hotel部分的“Each teen receives a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar（网络头像）in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends.（每个青少年都有一个可以用虚拟物品装饰的私人房间。他们还可以给自己的虚拟角色穿上虚拟衣服，或者创建游戏与朋友一起玩。）”可知，允许用户创建自己的角色，或者创建游戏的是Habbo Hotel，故选B。
6．A推理判断题。根据第三段Habbo Hotel “Each room teens can interact in has all adult moderator to make sure it stays safe.（青少年交流互动的每个房间都有一个调解人来确保安全。” 可知，并不是所有网站都有调解人，故答案选A。
7．B推理判断题。根据第一段的“Teenagers love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual worlds and taking quizzes.（青少年喜欢社交，这些网站给他们提供了玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和做测验的机会。）”可知，本文的目的是告知读者一些社交网站，故选B。
C
答案及解析：8．C 9．D 10．D 11．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者经济上陷入困境，但为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。可是后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定后悔。
8．C推理判断题。根据第一段 "It's no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food，healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became. （大学学费昂贵已经不是什么秘密了。我得到了经济援助，我能够负担入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难）" 可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。故选C。
9．D主旨大意题。根据第二段 “Soon，I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do "deep cleaning"，which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.” （我很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就要清理各种大小的飞机。在整个夜班期间，我必须做“深度清洁”，这意味着清洁所有东西，甚至我必须检查每个安全舱，并更换任何丢失的物品。这可是令人厌恶的工作。）可知这份工作是“劳神费力的”，答案选择D项。
10．D推理判断题。根据第三段“Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not it easily together. Some days I was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn't have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warming for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.（另一个让我很难过的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。我又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出决定。我想去上学，取得优异成绩，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己）” 可推知，作者进退两难是因为学校日程和工作时间不能兼顾，故答案选择D项。
11．B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I'd finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary，and your education is forever.（我为这份工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了我的教育，现在我将既没有工作也没有教育。我终于明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的）”可推知，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认，持久起作用，故答案选择B项。
D
答案及解析：12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍了新科技给人们带来的社会问题及悲观情绪.
集中在智能手机和社交媒体上；为避免与新技术相关的短期成本所做的努力最终将导致无法获得其长期利益，称之为“技术陷阱”。作者乐观、客观地分析新技术也可以造福未来。
12．C细节理解题。根据第一段的“Social media were supposed to bring people together, but they are better known for leaking privacy. E-commerce, ride-hailing and the gig economy（零工经济）may be convenient，but they are charge with underpaying workers, worsening inequality and blocking the streets with vehicles.（社交媒体本应把人们聚在一起，但它们更出名的是泄露隐私。电子商务、打车服务和零工经济可能很方便，但他们被指控付给工人低工资，加剧不平等，及车辆堵塞街道。）” 可知答案选择C项。
13．B推理判断题。根据第二段的 “Today's pessimistic mood is centered on smart phones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism against cars, which had earlier been seen as an answer to the problems caused by horse~drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and animal waste and caused accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers，the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands.（今天的悲观情绪集中在智能手机和社交媒体上，这两个领域在十年前就开始流行。然而，人们担心某些技术可能弊大于利。20世纪20年代出现了对汽车的批评，这在早期被视为是对马拉车造成的问题的一种解决办法，马拉车充斥着噪音和动物粪便，并引发了事故，工业化在19世纪受到了浪漫主义者的批评，他们担心技术工人的更替，农村的掠夺和工厂工人的痛苦）”可知答案选择B项，
14．D推理判断题。根据第三段的 “A further danger is that Luddite（反对技术进步者）efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits－something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology
trap”．Fears that robots win steal people's jobs may discourage their use.（另一个危险是勒德派（反对技术进步者）为避免与新技术相关的短期成本所做的努力最终将导致无法获得其长期利益，牛津大学学者卡尔·贝内迪克特·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）称之为"技术陷阱"。人们担心机器人会抢走人们的工作，因此不愿使用它们）” 可推断得出“技术陷阱”是目前的新技术成本阻止其未来的利益，故答案选择D项。
15．B推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. …So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-obsessed 2020s is to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived.（任何强大的技术都可以用来做好事或坏事。正是人们对它的选择塑造了世界。… 因此，随着十年的交替，暂时把悲观情绪放在一边。活在痴迷科技的21世纪20年代，是有史以来最幸运的人之一）” 可知作者对待新科技的态度是客观的，故答案选择B项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2 5分，满分12.5分）
答案与解析：
16．F 17．G 18．E 19．C 20．A
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述过度饮酒给世界各国人民带来的各种伤害非常严重，并提出一些关于保护人们免于酗酒的方法。
16．F段中题。根据16题前句 “Some people all over the world enjoy an alcoholic drink, such as wine or beer, during dinner. Some people raise a glass of alcohol to celebrate a wedding or a birthday.”（全世界的许多人在晚餐时喜欢喝酒精饮料，如葡萄酒或啤酒。有些人举起一杯酒来庆祝婚礼或生日。）是具体喝酒场景；16题后句 "All these situations are considered “social drinking” because they happen at social events.” （所有这些情况都被认为是“社交饮酒”，因为它们发生在社交场合。）可知36题应该是描写具体的饮酒场景，故答案选择F项。
17．G段首题。根据17题后句 “That is six percent of all deaths around the world.”（“这是全世界死亡总数的6%。” 中的死亡率呼应 “alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year”（酗酒每年导致330万人死亡）可知答案选择G项。
18．E段中题。根据18题前句 “WHO Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Shekhar Saxene says the organization is concerned about drinking among young people between the ages 15 and 19.”（世卫组织精神健康和药物滥用主任谢卡·萨克森表示，该组织对15至19岁年轻人的饮酒问题感到担忧。）及后句 “The report concludes that worldwide 16 percent of drinkers over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking, which is much more harmful than other kinds of drinking and causes the most harm in terns of accidents, self-harm and harm to others.” （报告总结说，全世界15岁以上的饮酒者中有16%的人狂饮，这比其他类型的饮酒危害更大，在事故、自残和对他人的伤害方面造成的伤害最大。）由此可知18题 “更关注的是“狂饮”——种长期的酗酒”，承上启下，符合语境。故答案选择E项。
19．C段尾题。根据39题前句 “The report finds that the highest rates of alcohol-linked deaths are in Europe. The report also finds Europe is the area with the highest alcohol use. Central and Eastern Europe are especially high.” （报告发现，与酒精有关的死亡率最高的是欧洲。该报告还发现欧洲是酒精使用量最高的地区。中欧和东欧特别高）可知答案选择C项。
20．A段首题。根据20题后句，“These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales, raising the drinking age limit, and controlling the marketing of alcohol beverage.”（这些措施包括提高酒精销售税，提高饮酒年龄限制，以及控制酒精饮料的销售。）可知是一些保护人们免于酗酒的措施，故答案选择A项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
答案及解析：
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B
[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言学家希金斯与卖花女伊莱莎在街头偶遇，希金斯对伊莱莎说的伦敦土话（考克尼）很感兴趣，记述了考克尼的由来及生活实例。
21．A考查动词词义辨析。根据21题句意 “One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language works.” （其中之一是希金斯，一位富有的教授，他对语言的运作原理非常感兴趣。）可知，希金斯教授研究语言的秘密，故答案选择A项。
22．C考查名词词义辨析，根据22题句意 “The other one is a young woman called Eliza who is selling flowers for a living ”（另一个是一个叫伊莱莎的年轻女人，她靠卖花为生。）；A．a report报告；B．an investigation调查；C．a living生计；D．a research研究；故答案选择C项。
23．B考查动词词义辨析。根据23题前文 “One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language works.” （其中之一是希金斯，一位富有的教授，他对语言的运作原理非常感兴趣。）可知希金斯对于伊莱莎讲话的方式很感兴趣；A．confused困惑的；B．fascinated极感兴趣的；C．overtaken超过；D．responded回应；故答案选择B项。
24．B考查形容词词义辨析。根据24题句意 “They start talking, and Henry is fascinated by the very different way in which they speak the same language.”（他们开始交谈，他们说同一种语言但是亨利对于她讲话的不同方式非常感兴趣。）；A．similar相似的；B．different不同的；C．beautiful漂亮的；D．skillful有技巧的；4题后文描述了伦敦土话的由来及不同的表达实例，故答案选择B项。
25．C考查连词词义辨析，根据25题后文句意 “In the 19th century, a cockney was a person who lived in East London.”（19世纪，考克尼人是居住在东伦敦的人。）可知：这是因为伊莱莎是一个考克尼人；故答案选择C项。
26．A考查动词词义辨析。根据26题句意 “The word ‘cockney’ was first used in English in 1362 to mean a small egg with a strange shape.”（“cockney”一词最早于1362年出现在英语中，意思是形状奇怪的小鸡蛋。）可知答案选择A项。
27．C考查副词词义辨析。根据27题句意 “Later，the word changed meaning and was used to describe city men”（后来，这个词的意思发生了变化，被用来形容城市人。）；A．Lately最近；B．Critically批判地；C．Later后来；D．Dramatically显著地；可知这个词义的变化是后来逐渐的过程，故答案选择C项。
28．D考查动词词义辨析。根据28题句意“Later，the word changed meaning and was used to describe city men-this is because the people living in villages considered them weak and similar to women.” （后来，这个词的意思发生了变化，被用来形容城市男人——这是因为生活在乡村的人们认为他们软弱，与女性相似。）可知答案选择D项。
29．C考查动词词义辨析。根据29题句意 “Some of them were involved in crimes like pickpocketing (stealing people's wallets)”（他们中的一些人参与了扒窃等犯罪活动。）；A．charged起诉；B．suspected怀疑；C．involved参与；D．recorded记录；故答案选择C项。
30．A考查连词词义辨析。根据30题前句 “Some of them were involved in crimes like a pickpocketing ( stealing people's wallets)”（他们中的一些人参与了扒窃等犯罪活，动。）；可知“他们经常与警察发生冲突”是参与犯罪的结果，故答案选择A项。
31．C考查动词词义辨析。根据31题句意 “This is why they invented a special language which worked like a code”（这就是为什么他们发明了一种像代码一样工作的特殊语言）；A．learned学习；B．practised练习；C．invented发明；D．discovered发现；可知答案选择C项。
32．B考查介词词义辨析。根据32题前句 “This is why they invented a special language which worked like a code”（这就是为什么他们发明了一种像代码一样工作的特殊语言）可知这是一种暗语，“不让警察理解他们在说什么”，故答案选择B项。
33．D考查名词词义辨析。根据33题前文中 “Eliza's father wanted to steal someone's wallet”（伊莱莎的父亲想偷别人的钱包）可知“bees and honey”的意思是金钱，故答案选择D项。
34．C考查动词词义辨析。根据34题前句的考克尼语的生活实例可知'Adam' and Eve'表示 “believe相信”；A．proved证实是；B．guessed猜测；C．meant意思是；D．claimed声称；故答案选择C项。
35．B考查动词词义辨析。根据35题句意“So how about using some cockney English next time you are on the dog and bone?”（所以下次打电话的时候，使用一些伦敦土话英语怎么样？）；A．expressing表达；B．using使用：C．making制造；D．explaining解释；故答案选择B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
答案及解析：
36．newly 37．Has caught 38．Recognized 39．a 40．What 41．weighing
42．It 43．as 44．attached 45．seriousness
[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。自从中国考古学家周六公布了三星堆遗址出土的一些文物后，一个黄金面具吸引了专家和公众的大部分关注。文章主要介绍了三星堆遗址以及黄金面具的一些情况。
36．newly考查副词。根据36题句意“Since Chinese archaeologists（考古学家）made public some of the 36 ( new) unearthed artifacts from the Sanxingdui Ruins site on Saturday, a gold mask 37 (catch) most of the attention from experts and the public alike.”（自从中国考古学家周六公布了三星堆遗址新近出土的一些文物后，一个黄金面具吸引了专家和公众的大部分关注。）可知“the newly( new) unearthed artifacts”中需要副词newly做状语，故答案为newly。
37．has caught考查动词时态。根据37题句意同36题可知since引导时间状语从句，所以主句谓语动词为现在完成时态，故答案为has caught。
38．Recognized考查非谓语动词。根据58题句意 “ 38 (recognize) as one of the most important ancient remains found in the 20th century, the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui in southwest China's Sichuan province is 39 treasure house buried with a collection of pottery, jade, bronze and gold wares．”（三星堆被认为是20世纪发现的最重要的古代遗迹之一，有3000年历史的三星堆位于中国西南部的四川省，是一个埋藏着陶器、玉器、青铜器和金器的宝库。）可知句首recognize需要用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui为被动关系，故答案为Recognized。
39．a考查冠词。根据39题句意同38题可知， 39 treasure house可数名词文中第一次单数形式前使用不定冠词，故答案为a。
40．What考查主语从句。根据40题句意 “ 40 astonished the archaeologists most about this gold mask is its large size，23 centimeters wide and 28 centimeters high.”（最让考古学家吃惊的是它的巨大尺寸，23厘米宽28厘米高。）可知，40题空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故应用what，句首单词首字母要大写，故答案为What。
41．weighing考查非谓语动词。根据41题句意 “Although only about half of the gold mask was unearthed, it's so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization， 41 (Weigh)280 grams.”（尽管只有大约一半的黄金面具被发掘出来，它是迄今为止在中国文明初级阶段发现的同类中最大的，重280克。）可知41题空处的weigh需用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the largest of its kind同类中最大的面具是主动关系，故答案为weighing。
42. It考查固定句型。根据42题句意“ 42 is estimated that the whole mask could weigh more than 500 grams.”（据估计，整个面具重量超过500克。）可知，表示“据估计……”可知句型为 it is estimated that. … It为形式主语，故答案为It。
43．as考查介词。根据43题句意 “It's basically the same size 43 the head sculptures from the same pit.”（基本上和同一个坑里的头雕一样大。）可知，the same…as…搭配表示同样的，故答案为as。
44．attached考查被动语态。根据44题句意 “Thus，archaeologists believe it was originally
44 (attach) to the face of a head sculpture．”（因此，考古学家认为它最初是被贴在一个头部雕塑的脸上。）可知，was attached to被贴在…，故答案为attached。
45．seriousness考查名词。根据45题句意 “The masks' eyes and eyebrows are delicately hollowed out, creating a sense of 45 (serious) and dignity.”（面具的眼睛和眉毛被巧妙地挖空，营造出一种严肃和尊严的感觉。）可知，介词of后需要名词形式作宾语，故答案为seriousness。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是校英语网课学生主持人李华，请给同学们介绍上网课注意事项。内容包括：
1．网课的安排和内容；
2．网课的要求。
One possible version:
Hello everyone:
This is Li Hua and welcome to our English online course. This course is designed to help students of senior 3 get well prepared for the entrance exam of English, including six lectures by experienced teachers from the teaching staff in our school. The lectures are scheduled at 9:00 each Saturday morning from now and each lasts 3 hours. In this lesson, Mr Zhang will give a talk about how to improve your listening skills. You will have hands-on practices to experience the magic ways. It would be helpful to register the course to have full access to the online exercises before joining. You'd better join the lecture with a computer or a laptop. You may watch the video for further study.
Thank you! Wish you good luck!
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
答案：The entire province trembled with horror. The order must be obeyed, yet who in all Shining could make a rope dashes? One night, in great distress, the son whispered the news to his hidden mother. "Wait!" she said．“I will think. I will think” On the second day she told him what to do. "Make rope of twisted straw," she said. "Then stretch it upon a row of flat stones and burn it on a windless might.” He called the people together and did as what his mother said. And when the fire died down, there lay a rope of ashes upon the scones, with every twist and fiber showing perfectly.
The governor was pleased at the wisdom of the youth and praised greatly. At the same time the governor demanded to know where he had obtained his wisdom. He felt frightened and could not think of an idea to deal with the dilemma. Trembling with fear, the fanner made up his mind to tell the truth. Then with deep bows he told his story. The governor listened and then thought in silence for a long time. Finally he lifted his head. "Shining needs more than strength of youth," he said. The cruel law was ended, and legends remain.
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