高考英语一轮复习课件 第2部分 语法专题 专题1 第2讲　非谓语动词

这是一份高考英语一轮复习课件 第2部分 语法专题 专题1 第2讲　非谓语动词，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了高考英语一轮复习策略，考点分类突 破，考点分层演 练，语法链接写 作等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用。要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。
专题一 复杂多变的动词第2讲 非谓语动词
非谓语动词概述1.什么是非谓语动词？非谓语动词是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语以外的成分。 2.非谓语动词在句子中的作用一个句子中已存在一个谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。eg. She gt ff the bus，but she left her handbag n the seat.(有并列连词，所以用谓语动词)She gt ff the bus，leaving her handbag n the seat.(没有连词，所以用非谓语动词)3.非谓语动词的种类：动词的-ing形式、动词的过去分词和动词的不定式。
考点一　动词的-ing形式
考点二　动词的过去分词
　　Reading① is ne f Xia Meng’s hbbies.Since she was a child，she has been dreaming f becming② a writer.Last mnth，she read a bk describing③ lve between a prince and a sleeping④ beauty—a girl whse gift was slving⑤ difficult prblems in her dreams.The girl ften fund herself slving⑥ prblems while sleeping⑦ sundly，making⑧ her partners shcked.The bk is very interesting⑤.Xia Meng really enjys reading② the nvel and imagines slving② difficult prblems in her wn dreams.
注释：动词的-ing形式在句子中作什么成分①作主语 ②作宾语③作后置定语④作前置定语⑤作表语⑥作宾补⑦⑧作状语
一、动词-ing的形式
二、核心考点1.动词-ing形式作主语(ding/being dne作主语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)(1)动名词短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首。谓语动词常常用单数，但表示多于一个的概念时，谓语动词则用复数。Playing cellphne games is his favurite.玩手机游戏是他的最爱。Dancing and skating are my hbbies，and I als like t read shrt stries.跳舞和溜冰是我的爱好，同时我也喜欢读短篇小说。Being laughed at in public made me embarrassed.当众被人嘲笑让我感到尴尬。
(2)有时用it作形式主语，常用于It is/was a waste (f...)/n use/n gd/n pleasure ding sth. 结构中。It is n use trying t persuade such a stubbrn persn.想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。It is n pleasure being blamed in the face f ther students.当着其他同学的面被责备是没有乐趣可言的。
2.动词-ing形式作宾语(ding/being dne作宾语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)(1)动词-ing 形式可以作介词的宾语。I help Mum ut by ding the husewrk that I can d.我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。The by cried ludly fr nt being allwed t enter the amusement park.这个男孩因不被允许进入游乐场而大声哭泣。
注意：以下短语中t 都是介词be used t ding习惯于　bject t 反对devte neself t 致力于　stick t坚持pay attentin t注意　lk frward t期盼adapt t适应　adjust t (使)适应于归因于　be addicted t对……上瘾reduce sb. /sth. t(使)沦为
(2)动词-ing形式可以作某些及物动词的宾语。只跟动名词(ding)作宾语的动词有：mind(介意)，miss(错过)，mentin(提到)，enjy(喜欢)，escape(逃避)，practise(练习)，pstpne(推迟)，suggest(建议)，stand/bear/tlerate(忍受)，cnsider(考虑)，keep(保持)，avid(避免)，admit(承认)，advise(建议)，allw/permit(允许)，appreciate(感激)，risk(冒险)，resist(抵制)，recmmend(建议)，finish(完成)，frbid(禁止)，imagine(想象)，dislike(不喜欢)，delay(延迟)，quit(放弃)，deny(否认)
The thief kept running t avid/escape being caught by the plice.小偷不停地跑以避免/逃避被警察抓住。Little Tm is cnsidering quitting practising playing the vilin，because his neighbr can’t tlerate listening t the nise every day.The ther day，she prmised t give Tm ten dllars a week if he gave up ding it.Tm imagined having lts f mney and can’t resist taking her advice.小汤姆正考虑放弃练习拉小提琴，因为他的邻居难以忍受每天听到这噪音。前几天，她答应如果他放弃练琴的话，她每周给汤姆10美元。汤姆想象着有很多钱，忍不住接受了她的建议。
3.动词-ing形式作表语(1)ding作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。(此时ding 名词意义较强，ding/being dne作表语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)My hbby is reading bks.我的兴趣爱好是读书。What made me happy was being admitted t Peking University.让我高兴的是(我)被北京大学录取了。
(2)如果是和情绪相关的动词-ing形式则形容词意义较强，表示“令人……的”，往往物作主语。如：amazing，bring，cnfusing，disappinting，exciting，frightening等等。The news is surprising.这则消息令人吃惊。
单句语法填空1.He enjys (listen) t vilin music， (play) mah-jng， (swim) and (read)’s (late) fr class made her teacher is n use (argue) with him abut such a matter.
4.动词-ing形式作定语(当被修饰的名词与现在分词之间为主动关系且动作正在进行时，用ding；当被修饰的名词与现在分词之间为被动关系且表示动作正在进行时，用being dne)(1)单个的动词-ing 形式作定语，放在被修饰词之前。falling leaves正在落下的树叶　a sleeping child睡着的孩子注意：动名词也可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能。a swimming pl游泳池　a reading rm阅览室(2)动词-ing形式短语作定语，要放在被修饰词之后。the girl wearing a red dress穿红裙子的女孩the bridge being built nw现在在建的大桥
5.动词-ing形式作状语(1)ding与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生。 Walking in the street，I came acrss an ld friend.走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。(2)having dne与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且先于谓语动作发生。Having waited in line fr tw hurs，the ld man became impatient.已经排了两小时的队，这位老人变得不耐烦了。
(3)having been dne与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。Having been tld many times，the by still made the same mistake again and again.已经被告知很多次，这个男孩还是一次又一次犯相同的错。
6.动词-ing形式作宾补 现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt.＋sb. /sth. ＋ding...。可以用于此结构的动词(短语)有：“一感一抓一发现，二听四让和五看”(feel，catch，find，listen t/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/lk at/bserve/ntice)。When I left schl，I saw them playing basketball n the playgrund.当我离开学校时，我看到他们在操场上打篮球。I am srry fr keeping yu waiting fr me fr such a lng time.很抱歉让你等我这么长时间。The headmaster was angry t catch sme students smking again.又一次抓住一些学生吸烟，校长很生气。
单句语法填空1.I lked up and nticed a snake (wind) its way up the tree t catch its matter (discuss) nw is s imprtant that it will attract everyne’s recgnitin technlgy is wrking well at turist attractins arund China， (reduce) the time peple spend standing in lines at entries r security checks.
being discussed
　　Praised① by my teacher，I felt pleased②.The reasn why I was praised was that I picked up a lst③ cellphne and returned it t the wner.The incident made my parents amazed④.
注释：动词的过去分词形式在句子中作什么成分①作状语；②作表语；③作定语；④作宾补
1.过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语，往往放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词之后。及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。the plluted water被污染的水a brken glass 一只打碎的玻璃杯the bridge cmpleted last mnth上个月竣工的大桥the flwers planted last year 去年种的花
2.过去分词作状语其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，过去分词与主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。Praised by the teacher，he lked very excited.受到了老师的表扬，他看起来很激动。Seen frm the tp f the muntain，ur city lks beautiful.从山顶上望去，我们的城市很美。
3.过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，构成vt.＋sb. /sth. ＋dne结构。可以用于此结构的动词有：(1)感官动词 see，watch，hear，feel，find，ntice等。(2)使役动词 have，make，keep，leave，get等。(3)表示“想、希望、好恶”的单词，如want，wish，like等。I hear the sng sung every time I pass by the cffee shp.每当我经过这家咖啡屋，我都能听到有人唱这首歌。She had t raise her vice t make herself heard.她不得不提高嗓门使自己被听到。The ld man wanted his ld watch repaired.这位老人想要找人修他的旧手表。
4.过去分词作表语如果是和情绪相关的动词的过去分词形式，则形容词意义较强，表示“感到……的”，主语往往是指人的名词。如：amazed，bred，cnfused，disappinted，excited，frightened 等。I felt really surprised when she tld me the exciting news.当她告诉我这个令人兴奋的消息时，我感到非常惊讶。
单句语法填空1.In the (arrange) marriages f the ld days f China，there were indeed quite a lt f brides wh cried ver their unsatisfactry marriage and even their miserable was sleeping when he heard his name (shut) frm the utside.3. (ffer) an imprtant rle in a new mvie，Andy has gt a chance t becme famus.
　　Xia Ming wants t becme① a basketball star and his dream is t play② basketball in the NBA.But he has s much hmewrk t d③.In rder t have④ mre time t play③ basketball，Xia Ming decides t study① hard t get④ a high scre.He really hpes that his father will allw him t play⑤ basketball every day.T make his dream cme true⑥ is nt easy.
注释：动词的不定式形式在句子中作什么成分①作宾语②作表语③作定语④作状语⑤作宾补⑥作主语
二、核心考点1.不定式作主语(1)不定式作主语时，可以直接放在句首，谓语动词常常用单数。T enter a gd university fr further study is my gal nw.进入一所好大学深造是我现在的目标。(2)不定式作主语时，更多放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语，常用于“It is/was＋adj.(＋fr/f sb. )＋t d sth. ”结构中。It’s rude t turn yur back n yur teacher and refuse t answer.对老师不予理睬，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。It’s necessary fr us t help thse in need.我们有必要帮助那些有困难的人。
2.不定式作宾语(1)不定式可作intend(打算)，plan(计划)，expect(期望)，pretend(假装)，wuld like/lve/prefer(喜欢)，wish(希望)，decide(决定)，agree(同意)，help(帮助)，manage(设法)，persuade(说服)，refuse(拒绝)，prmise(答应)，attempt(企图)，chse(选择)，ask(询问)，learn(学习)，tell(告诉)，fail(失败)，affrd(付得起)等动词的宾语。The teacher decided t pretend t have knwn what the bys had dne.He chse nt t ask the bys but expected t be tld everything.老师决定假装已经知道这些男孩子们做了什么。他选择不去问孩子们，但是期望被告知一切。
(2)在某些动词如find，think，cnsider，feel，make，believe等后，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语(不定式)后置。He feels/thinks it imprtant t learn English well，but finds it difficult t remember the wrds.他认为学好英语很重要，但是发现记单词很难。
3.不定式作表语不定式作表语，主语往往是dream，gal，aim，purpse，plan 等表示“意向、打算、计划”的词。My dream is t becme a dctr after my graduatin frm university.我的梦想是大学毕业后当一名医生。The aim f the talent shw is t enrich students’ extra-curricular activities.这次才艺秀的目的是丰富学生们的课外活动。
4.不定式作定语(1)当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词，the nly，the next等修饰时，常常用不定式作定语。Jhn is always the first ne t cme up with a gd idea.约翰总是第一个想出好办法的人。(2)用在固定句型sb. have sth. t d和 there be sth. t d中。Students cmplain that they have endless hmewrk t d every day.学生们抱怨他们每天有做不完的作业。
(3)修饰某些名词，如chance，pprtunity，way，ability，plan 等。I feel greatly hnred t have the chance t deliver a speech here.有机会在这里发表演讲，我感到万分荣幸。
5.不定式作状语(1)不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in rder t d，s as t d，t d等，但s as t d不能置于句首。I gt up early s as t/in rder t/t catch the early bus in the mrning.我早晨早起是为了赶早班车。(2)不定式作结果状语时，常用于，enugh t， t结构中。nly/just t d常表示出乎意料的结果。
I asked Mum t put up the tent excitedly，nly t be tld the tent had been left behind.我兴冲冲地让妈妈搭帐篷，却被告知帐篷忘带了。Every time I prepare fr an imprtant examinatin，I will be t anxius t fall asleep.每次我准备重要考试时，我都会因太焦虑而睡不着。(3)在be happy/glad/srry/sad/surprised t d sth. 结构中作原因状语。I am extremely glad t knw that yu are cming t China fr a visit during the summer hliday.我很高兴得知暑假你要来中国旅游。
6.不定式作宾补(1)在很多动词后都可以用不定式作宾语补足语，如ask，want，invite，get，frce，expect，allw，persuade，rder，warn，remind，prefer，cause，permit，frbid，advise，teach等。I am writing t invite yu t cme t my birthday party.我写信邀请您来参加我的生日聚会。(2)下列动词(短语)接省略t的动词不定式作宾语补足语：“一感”(feel)，“二听”(hear，listen t)，“三使”(let，have，make)，“五看”(see，ntice，bserve，watch，lk at)，“半帮助”(help)，但在变为被动语态时需加t。I ften hear the girl sing the sng which is ppular recently.＝The girl is ften heard t sing the sng which is ppular recently.我经常听到这个女孩唱这首最近很流行的歌。
单句语法填空1.The airprt (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.2. (stay) warm at night，I wuld fill the wd stve，and then set my alarm clck fr midnight s I culd refill peple try t knck me dwn，nly (make) me mre determined t d wrkers seem (cmprmise) with the bss，because they are prepared t return t wrk.
t be cmpleted
t have cmprmised
1.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。(误)Fund him angry，I began t tell jkes.(正)Finding him angry，I began t tell jkes.发现他生气了，我开始讲笑话。(误)Lking arund，there was n ne nearby.(正)Lking arund，I fund there was n ne nearby.环顾四周，我发现附近没有人。
2.若非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，则要在非谓语动词前加上其自身的逻辑主语，即“逻辑主语(名词/代词)＋非谓语动词”，构成独立主格结构。具体形式如下：(1)名词/代词＋现在分词。现在分词可有语态和时态的变化。Winter cming，it gets clder and clder.冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。(2)名词/代词＋过去分词。构成过去分词的动词与名词/代词为动宾关系，且过去分词表示动作已完成。The test finished，we began ur hliday.考试结束了，我们的假期开始了。
(3)名词/代词＋不定式。不定式表示将来的动作，有语态的变化。The tw bys said gdbye t each ther，ne t g hme，the ther t g t his friend’s.两个男孩彼此道了别，一个回家，另一个去朋友家。(4)有些分词/不定式短语作状语时，尽管它们的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，但也不作为语法错误来处理。①常见的这类分词短语有generally/frankly/rughly/strictly speaking，talking f，speaking f，judging frm，cmpared with/t...，given that...等。Generally speaking，girls are mre interested in literature than bys.一般来说，女孩子比男孩子更喜欢文学。
②常见的这类不定式短语有t be frank，t be sure，t tell (yu) the truth，t be hnest，t make matters wrse等。T tell (yu) the truth，it’s all Greek t me.说实话，我对此一窍不通。
3.with复合结构(1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行。He lay n the grass with his eyes lking at the sky.他躺在草地上，眼睛望着天空。(2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成。With his hair cut，he lked much yunger.理了发，他看起来年轻多了。(3)with＋名词/代词＋不定式，不定式表示动作尚未发生。With a lt f hmewrk t d，I can’t g skating with yu.因为有很多作业要做，所以我不能和你一起去滑冰。
4.下列动词或词组既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：
5.非谓语动词作宾语补足语的辨析(1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，bserve，lk at，ntice，hear，listen t，feel的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，以see为例：
I saw him leave a few minutes ag.我看见他几分钟前离开了。As I gt clser，I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.当我走近时，我看见他的腿在空中乱踢，并且呼吸沉重。I’d like t see the plan carried ut.我想看到这个计划被执行。
(2)使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况：
The teacher made sme students stay in the classrm after schl.老师让一些学生放学后留在教室里。He tried t make himself understd.他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了。
Dn’t let yur child play with matches.别让你的孩子玩火柴。Let the wrk be dne immediately.工作要马上去做。
He had the fire burning all the night.他让火燃烧了一夜。He had his wallet stlen n his way hme.在回家的路上，他的钱包被偷了。
She gt her bike running very fast.她把自行车骑得飞快。I’ll get my bike repaired tmrrw.我明天要(请人)修一下我的自行车。
(3)动词leave，keep，find，catch后加非谓语动词作宾补的情况：
④catch sb. ding sth. 撞见某人正在做某事
单句语法填空1.It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics.(2021·全国乙)2.Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments n-bard Chang’e-4 (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.(2020·全国Ⅰ)3.When we gt a call (say) she was shrt-listed，we thught it was a jke.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
1.分析句子结构，判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词首先判定所给提示词是否充当句子的谓语，如果句子不缺少谓语，那就是非谓语动词。2.找逻辑主语，再判断与动词之间的关系(1)非谓语动词作定语时，其逻辑主语是被修饰词；作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；作补语时，其逻辑主语是动词或介词的宾语。
(2)如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词；如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词。但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词形式的被动式。
3.判断所给动词与谓语动词发生的先后顺序(1)t have dne，having dne表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。(2)t be ding，ding表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作(几乎)同时发生。
单句语法填空1.Smetimes we find her (drive) the tractr n the Lei is asking his deskmate (help) him think f a freign name.3.—Hi，Li Hng！I didn’t see yu at the party.—Oh，I was busy (get) ready fr the cming ld men enjy (listen) t the singing f the birds in the girl (stand) under the tree is my cusin (write) in easy English are very ppular amng Chinese middle schl students.
7.I fund the dr (clse) when I gt they met again，they were t excited (say) a wrd.9.I’m hungry.Get me smething (eat).10.—Hw lng did it take yu (d) yur hmewrk yesterday?—Abut half an next mrning he hired a bat and set ut (find) the well-knwn when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds ___________(surrund) the muntain tps，he was reduced t tears.
13.The lcal gvernment desn’t have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin (prmte) ecnmic whle city lay in ruins after the earthquake， (make) us awake all giant panda，als (knw) as the panda bear r simply the panda，is a bear native t Suth Central China.
1.Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足) and accmmdatins aim (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.(2021·全国乙)2.It is pssible (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.(2021·全国甲)3.After (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall，we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry！(2021·全国甲)
4.In 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.(2021·浙江1月)5.This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple (live) in the cuntryside，including lwer levels f incme and educatin，higher csts f healthy fds，and fewer sprts facilities.(2021·浙江1月)6.Mary’s sister，Frances Tdd Wallace，ften came ver (plant) flwers in the frnt yard.(2021·浙江6月)
7.China’s Natinal Highway 318， (extend) ver 5,000 kilmeters frm Shanghai t Zhangmu，Tibet，is knwn as the “heavenly rad” fr its amazing views.(2021·天津3月)8.Minimize the impact f (visit) the place.(2021·全国乙)9.They represent the earth (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.(2020·全国Ⅱ)10.They are easy (care) fr and make great presents.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
11.As well as lking at exhibits，visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r (walk) thrugh a rainfrest.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)12.Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy (change) lives.(2020·浙江7月)13. (cmplete) in 1931，the Empire State Building，the highest skyscraper until 1954，inspired the imaginatin f the wrld.(2020·天津7月)
14.Mdern methds f tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s，and are expensive (perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area.(2019·全国Ⅰ)15. (learn) t think critically is an imprtant skill tday’s children will need fr the future.(2019·天津6月)
(改编自2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)　　1. (g) t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles’ sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”.What is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
语篇解读　本文讲述了作者爬黄山的见闻和感受。
1.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，本空为主语，故应用动词的-ing形式作主语。
The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we humans 2. (be).
2.考查主谓一致。根据句意“人类是多么渺小”且主语we humans是复数可知，谓语用are。
　　The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb.It will undubtedly help yu get 3. 　　　(refresh)! The 4. (amaze) thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature 5. (get)，the htter the spring!
3.考查非谓语动词作表语。get refreshed构成系表结构。
4.考查非谓语动词作定语。修饰thing，意为“奇妙的事情”，故用-ing形式作定语。
5.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意以及上下文时态可知，此处用一般现在时，且主语the temperature为第三人称单数，故填gets。
Strange，isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is—always leaving us 6._________(astnish).
6.考查非谓语动词作宾补。本空在“leave＋复合宾语”结构中作宾补，且根据语境可知，这里指的是使我们“感到惊讶”，故填astnished。
　　What cmes next is the endless series f steps.Yu can’t help 7. 　　　(wnder) hw hard it was fr the peple then 8. 　(put) all thse rcks int place.Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain，still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur 9. 　　(ache) legs.
7.考查非谓语动词作宾语。can’t help ding sth. 忍不住做某事。
8.考查不定式作主语。此处为 it is/was＋adj.＋fr sb. ＋t d sth. 的变式，it为形式主语，t d 为真正的主语。
9.考查非谓语动词。本空在句中作定语，ache与中心词legs之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词aching。
　　As the sng ges，this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”，and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry.It sure des in mine.While yu’re in China，Munt Huangshan is a must 10. 　　(visit)!
10.考查非谓语动词作定语。此处must用作名词，指“必须要做的一件事”，需用动词不定式作定语。
1.作主语或介宾用ding——简单错误不犯典例　(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)制作爆米花不像他们预想的那么简单。Making ppcrn was nt as easy as they had expected.运用　(2021·天津3月)在蒙古草原和那里的人一起体验生活，会是一个很好的选择，可以开阔我的视野。
Experiencing life n the Mnglia grassland with peple there will be a gd chice t braden my hrizns.
2.作状语用分词生动简练(1)ding作状语，表示句子主语和该动词为主谓(主动)关系。典例　(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)由于缺乏自信，伯纳德犹豫了好一会儿才敲第一家的门。Lacking cnfidence，Bernard hesitated fr quite a while befre kncking at the first dr.运用　(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)父亲轻轻地拍着他们的肩膀，用温柔的声音说：“亲爱的，爱才是最重要的。让我们一起做吧。”
Patting them gently n the shulders，the father said in a warm vice，“Darling，it is lve that cunts.Let’s d this tgether.”
(2)dne作状语，表示句子主语和该动词为动宾(被动)关系。典例　(2020·浙江7月)被这只熊不停地用力推，篱笆很快散架了。Pushed hard cnstantly by the bear，the fence sn fell apart.运用　(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)一半惊讶，一半担心，父亲关心孩子们的责任感油然而生，所以他决定帮助他们做早餐。
Half surprised，and half cncerned，the father felt a sense f respnsibility f caring abut the kids，s he decided t help them make breakfast.
3.表目的，不定式适当提前典例　(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)为了吸引更多的顾客，伯纳德卖力地吆喝起他的爆米花。T attract mre custmers，Bernard began t peddle his ppcrn at the tp f his vice.运用　(2021·上海)为了更高效地学习英语，你最好选择听说课程。
T learn English mre efficiently，yu had better chse the Listening and Speaking curse.