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江苏省镇江市五校2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试 英语 Word版含解析
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这是一份江苏省镇江市五校2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试 英语 Word版含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高二年级期末考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题: 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do today?
A. Visit a friend. B. Attend a lecture. C. Help her friend.
2. Where is the woman's cell phgne?
A. In her bag. B. In the dining hall. C. In the classroom.
3. What does the man find difficult?
A. Understanding the instructions.
B. Putting together the folding table.
C. Fixing a train.
4. When does the woman need the book?
A. On April 1st. B. On April 2nd. C. On April 3rd.
5. What does the man mean?
A. Most treaders don't agree with him.
B. The woman can’t convince him.
C. Few people read his article.
第二节 (共15小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟: 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the woman stay at night during the holiday?
A. In a tent. B. In a hotel. C. In a farmhouse.
7. What does the woman think of the people there?
A. They were interesting. B. They were friendly. C. They were honest.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Pocket money. B. Part-time jobs. C. The man's parents.
9. How long does the man take care of his neighbor's baby every Friday?
A. For two hours. B. For three hours. C. For four hours.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What relation is Cindy to Edward?
A. His former primary schoolmate.
B. His group member.
C. His teacher.
11. What can Edward do in the theater group?
A. Meet famous artists. B. Perform plays and musicals. C. See films.
12. Where are the speakers?
A. At school. B. In a play theater. C.Outside a cinema.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When does the woman go to the restaurant?
A. In the early morning. B. In the middle of the morning. C. At noon.
14. What does the weman like most about the restaurant?
A. The quiet environment. B. The delicious food. C. The jazz music.
15. What does the man say about his favorite restaurant?
A. It's newly opened and clean.
B He thinks highly of the food.
C. A film actor eats there sometimes.
16. What does the man have for lunch?
A.Pancakes. B. Fish pie. C. Sausages.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s “What to Do Today”?
A. A radio program. B. A social organization. C. A school team.
18. What's the main purpose of the tree-planting activity?
A. To help poor blind children.
B. To gain tree-planting experience.
C To raise money for a computer company.
19. How many trees do students and their parents want to plant today?
A.30. B.750. C.1,500.
20. What should volunteers bring for the activity?
A. Hats. B. Thick gloves. C. Basic tools.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are four French art exhibitions which look at the poetry of Pablo Picasso, old photography by Henri Cartier-Bresson, the history of technology and the fashion design by Coco Chanel.
Musee National Picasso-1 Paris
On view at the famous Musee National Picasso-Paris, an exhibition called Picasso Poet looks at the poems that Pablo Picasso wrote in his lifetime. It’s more than just framed pieces of paper but a look into his handwritten plays, typewritten artist books, hand-painted poems, drawings and paintings.
Until June 2021.
Price: $10
Metiers Art Museum
It’s one of the most overlooked museums in Paris, and it’s well worth a day trip rather than just waiting in line at the Louvre. Their collection of railway engineering machines, retro (复古风格的) televisions, cameras and typewriters walks us through the history of technology over the past 200 years.
Until May 2021.
Price: $14
Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation
This quiet little museum features (以……为特色) more than just photos by the French master photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson. There is also a solo show which features the photos of Chilean photographer Sergio Larrain on show at the present time. Henri’s photos featuring London taken in the winter of 1958 to 1959 include street scenes with fog and rain as well as the local people’s daily lives.
Until July 2021.
Price: Free
Palais Galliera
The Palais Galliera is the most famous fashion museum in Paris, and it’s been closed for the past 2 years for repair. Now, it’s reopened with a public exhibition honoring French designer, Coco Chanel. It traces the career of one woman who broke the glass ceiling in fashion design and features over 350 dresses and jewels. It continues in the newly decorated basement galleries, which aren’t to be missed.
Until August 2021.
Price: $20
1. What does the article tell us about Henri Cartier Bresson Foundation?
A. This museum is large and modern.
B. There is a show featuring the photos of Sergio Larrain.
C. Photos of the show were taken in the autumn of 1959.
D. Photos on view are about the daily lives of people around the world.
2. Where should visitors go if they want to explore the history of technology?
A. Musee National Picasso-Paris.
B. Henry Cartier Bresson Foug dlation.
C. Metiers Art Museum.
D. Palais Galliera.
3. What can visitors do at Palais Galliera?
A. Enjoy Picasso’s poems.
B. Visit a photography exhibition about Paris.
C. View the last century’s changing fashion trends.
D. Appreciate Coco Chanel’s design.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个展览。它们能够让你了解Pablo Picasso的诗集、Henri Cartier-Bresson的旧照片、科技的历史以及Coco Chanel的时尚设计。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation部分的“There is also a solo show which features the photos of Chilean photographer Sergio Larrain on show at the present time.(还有一个个人展，展出了智利摄影师Sergio Larrain目前正在展出的照片)”可知，在Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation有一个关于摄影师Sergio Larrain所拍摄的照片的展出。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Metiers Art Museum部分的“Their collection of railway engineering machines, retro (复古风格的) televisions, cameras and typewriters walks us through the history of technology over the past 200 years. (他们收藏的铁路工程机器、复古风格的电视、照相机和打字机带领我们穿越了过去200年的科技史)”可知，如果游客想要探索科技的历史，他们应该去Metiers Art Museum。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Palais Galliera部分“Now, it’s reopened with a public exhibition honoring French designer, Coco Chanel. It traces the career of one woman who broke the glass ceiling in fashion design and features over 350 dresses and jewels.(现在，它重新开放，举办了一场纪念法国设计师Coco Chanel的公开展览。它追溯了一位打破时装设计玻璃天花板的女性的职业生涯，展示了350多件礼服和珠宝)”可知，在Palais Galliera游客们可以欣赏到Coco Chanel设计的作品。故选D项。
B
Growing up in Venezuela, there was never really much cause to learn English.
For five years, I spent two hours a week completely involved in understanding “to be”, numbers, colors, and the differences between saying “good evening” and “good night”.
I thought two hours a week was enough time to invest in learning a foreign language. I would always get top marks and teachers would regularly praise me.
Even as an adult, I still thought I spoke the language, just by understanding English menus or translating some common phrases.
Yep, that used to be me, walking like a queen among everyday, Spanish speakers.
“Bring it on, life.” I said.
“I can deal with whatever you’ve got, I’m a rock star.” But when I moved to Canada, life hit me so hard that it knocked me down. Years later, I am still recovering.
Living in a new land, with different people, new rules, new weather, a new culture and language, I was no longer a queen.
Did I speak English? No, not at all. So, I went back to school, thinking that it was a challenge I would conquer in record time. But English was more like a wall in my path.
Even after getting a job, it took all my courage to stop myself from hiding in the washroom during my lunch break, crying, completely overwhelmed (不知所措的) and scared.
Learning English, speaking, listening—it hurt me. Not the language. Not the unkind people. It hurt because I wasn’t good, despite my efforts.
Now, after almost seven years in Canada, I’ve decided not to say sorry for my accent, grammar mistakes, or pronunciation. I’m going to run after my dreams and enjoy a beautiful, rich and fascinating language.
Don’t get me wrong. My brain still screams “Give me a break!” from time to time, but that’s completely natural.
I know it’s going to take a while, but at least now I accept the person I am—not the perfect person I thought I was.
4. What do we learn about leaning English in Venezuela ?
A. Everyone put much time in it. B. It didn’t need much effort.
C. Its standard was very high in high school. D. It brought advantages to students.
5. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 show about the author?
A. She was proud of her level of foreign languages.
B. She felt confident enough to face any challenge.
C. She was brave in competitions.
D. She looked down on others.
6. What happened right after the author moved to Canada?
A. She adjusted to the new environment quickly.
B. She regretted not working hard in English.
C. She quickly put her language talent to use.
D. She expected to improve her English easily.
7. What can we inferred from the last three paragraphs?
A. The author has a realistic understanding of herself.
B. The author has conquered English eventually.
C. The author now can pass as a native speaker.
D. The author is frustrated with her English.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学英语的痛苦经历。学这门语言让作者备受挫折，但也让作者接受和明白了自己不是一个完美的人，让作者重新认识了自我。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Venezuela, there was never really much cause to learn English.(在委内瑞拉长大，从来没有真正的理由去学习英语。)”以及第三段的“I thought two hours a week was enough time to invest in learning a foreign language. I would always get top marks and teachers would regularly praise me.(我以为一周两个小时足够学习一门外语了。我总是得到最高分，老师也会经常表扬我。)”可知，在委内瑞拉学习英语不需要投入太多的时间跟精力。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Yep, that used to be me, walking like a queen among every day, Spanish speakers.(是的，那曾经是我，每天像女王一样走在说西班牙语的人群中。)”以及第七段的“I can deal with whatever you’ve got, I’m a rock star.(我可以应付你的一切，我是个摇滚明星。)”可推断，划线句表明作者对于学好英语感到十分自信，觉得自己能够克服一切困难。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第九段的“So, I went back to school, thinking that it was a challenge I would conquer in record time. But English was more like a wall in my path.(所以，我回到学校，认为这是一个我将在短时间内征服的挑战。但英语更像是我人生道路上的一堵墙。)”可知，作者去了加拿大后，希望回到学校后能轻松地提高她的英语。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Now, after almost seven years in Canada, I’ve decided not to say sorry for my accent, grammar mistakes, or pronunciation.(现在，在加拿大生活了将近七年后，我决定不再为我的口音、语法错误或发音感到抱歉。)”以及倒数第二段的“My brain still screams “Give me a break!” from time to time, but that’s completely natural.(我的大脑仍然时不时在尖叫“饶了我吧！”不，但这是完全自然的。)”以及最后一段的“I know it’s going to take a while, but at least now I accept the person I am—not the perfect person I thought I was.(我知道这需要一段时间，但至少现在我接受了我自己——不是我想象中的那个完美的人。)”可知，通过学英语的经历，作者更好地了解了自己并去接受了那个不完美的自己。故选A项。
C
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.
One large piece of space junk, a disused rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rocket’s origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive-weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be Visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. “We found the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, leading investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaisance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. Depending on the rocket’s location, it could take as long as 28 days.
What’s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth’s orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) are at risk. In 2016,tiny spade (残骸) smaller than a millimeter caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause.The European Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into piece”. If his sounds terrifying that’s because it is. Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC. In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it an remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large Debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment.
8. Which of the following can be regarded as spacejunk?
A. An abandoned space station. B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
C. A crater on the moon’s surface. D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
9. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2?
A. Tracking the rocket. B. Finding out the rocket’s origin.
C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Locating the crater.
10. Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016?
A. To compare the effects of debris of different sizes.
B. To prove the space debris problem is getting worse.
C. To illustrate the potential dangers of space junk.
D. To explain the necessity of removing space junk.
11. What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph?
A. It’s likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
B. It can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
C. It’s impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
D. The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest threat it poses.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了3月4日，一枚废弃的太空垃圾火箭撞上了月球的黑暗面，引发了人们对于太空垃圾潜在危险的关注。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now.(你有没有想过，所有发射到太空的旧物体，如火箭和卫星，会发生什么？它被称为太空垃圾，其中大部分现在仍然存在)”可知，所有发射到太空的旧物体都被称为太空垃圾。所以被送入太空的空间站在废弃之后可以被视为太空垃圾。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be Visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it.(它一定在月球表面留下了一个大约10到20米宽的大陨石坑。虽然现在还看不到它，但科学家们正在努力定位它)”以及“Depending on the rocket’s location, it could take as long as 28 days.(根据火箭的位置，可能需要长达28天的时间)”可知，根据火箭的位置，定位陨石坑可能需要长达28天的时间，句中it指代“定位陨石坑”，即locating the crater。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In 2016, tiny spade (残骸) smaller than a millimeter caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into piece”.(2016年，小于一毫米的残骸在国际空间站的窗口中造成了一个微小的缺口。想象一下，一块更大的碎片可能会造成多大的损害。欧洲机构网站表示，物体“长达1厘米可能会使卫星上的仪器或关键飞行系统失效”，而超过10厘米的物体“可能会将卫星或航天器粉碎”)”可知，太空垃圾会造成危险，所以作者提到2016年微小残骸造成的损害是为了说明太空垃圾的潜在危险。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it an remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large Debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment.(除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾还对地球本身构成威胁。碰撞会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留数十年。一些强大的碰撞甚至会将大量碎片冲向地球表面，从而影响当地环境)”可知，太空垃圾会对航天器、卫星和地球本身构成威胁，如果太空垃圾留在大气层中，它可能会构成持久的威胁。故选B项。
D
Scientists recently have announced a new primate species-Popa langur, a medium-sized leaf-eating monkey living in central Myanmar.
Popa langur-named for an extinct volcano home to its largest population of about 100 individuals-has been around for at least a million year, according to a study published in Zoological Research.
In fact, the newest monkey species was not found during an expedition or spotted by a research team, but was discovered in the backrooms of the London Natural History Museum. The senior author of the study, Frank Momberg, and his colleagues conducted a genetic analysis of a sample of monkey feces (粪便) collected in the forests of central Myanmar and Compared it with specimens (标本) from Myanmar gathered almost a century ago in the museum, only to find out that the previously unknown langur was still roaming (在……漫步)in the wild.
Scientists set up cameras in the forest hoping to get a glimpse of the creature. In 2018, the monkey was finally filmed, revealing its distinctive coloration.
Although it’s exciting news for scientists to find a new species, after investigation, they found the total number of Popa langur is about 200 to 250, which will likely mean the new species is “critically endangered”. Additional field surveys and protection measures are urgently required to save the langurs from extinction.
The discovery of Popa langur also brings people’s attention to new species identification.
Actually, species are not clearly divided as we learned in school. Scientists define a species by whether the animals are able to produce fertile offspring (后代) together. Another way is to use genetic information, which is mainly used to define a species that is genetically distinguished from another but still shares a clear ancestor.
When scientists announce a newly defined species based on genetic evidence, it usually means they have elevated (提升为) an alrealy defined subspecies to the species level. The Popa langur, for example, was previously classified as a member of a specific group of langur monkeys.
It can be controversial to elevate a subspecies into a new species based on genetic information,like Popa langur. Some scholars dismiss these discoveries. But others think without a unique name and estimated population, these small groups cannot get enough conservation funding and may eventually disappear without anyone knowing it.
12. Which of the following is the key factor in discovering the new monkey species?
A. The examination of the sample of monkey feces collected.
B. The study of the specimens preserved in the museum.
C. A comparative analysis of the sample and specimens.
D. A comparison of the film shot in the forest with the specimens.
13. What do paragraphs 6 and 7 mainly talk about?
A. The significance of the discovery of Popa langur.
B. The reasons scientists define Popa langur as a new species.
C. The relationship between species and subspecies.
D. Different methods to identify a new species.
14. The writer’s attitude towards the discovery of Popa langur?
A. Objective B. Indifferent C. subjective D. Pessimisic
15. What’s the main purpose of the article?
A. To report on the discovery of Popa langur.
B. To inform us of the importance of genetic studies.
C. To raise funds to preserve langur monkeys.
D To compare different monkey species.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们发现了一个灵长类物种。它被称为波帕叶猴，是一种体型中等，以叶子为食的猴子，生活在缅甸中部。科学家们将其定新物种，引起了人们对于将一个亚种提升为物种的关注。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The senior author of the study, Frank Momberg, and his colleagues conducted a genetic analysis of a sample of monkey feces (粪便) collected in the forests of central Myanmar and Compared it with specimens (标本) from Myanmar gathered almost a century ago in the museum, only to find out that the previously unknown langur was still roaming (在……漫步)in the wild.(这项研究的资深作者Frank Momberg和他的同事们对采集于缅甸中部森林的猴子粪便样本进行了基因分析，并与一个世纪前收集在博物馆的标本作比较，结果发现先前不为人知的叶猴还在野外漫步)”可知，科学家们是通过对采集来的样本和原有的标本进行比较分析来确定这个新物种的。故选C项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第六段的“The discovery of Popa langur also brings people’s attention to new species identification.(波帕叶猴的发现也引起了人们对新物种鉴定的关注)”以及第七段的“Scientists define a species by whether the animals are able to produce fertile offspring (后代) together. Another way is to use genetic information, which is mainly used to define a species that is genetically distinguished from another but still shares a clear ancestor.(科学家们根据动物是否能够产生可育后代来定义一个物种。另一种方法是使用遗传信息，这种信息主要用于定义一个物种，这个物种在遗传上与另一个物种有所区别，但仍然拥有同一个明确的祖先)”可知，第六和第七段主要讲述的是科学家们如何去定义一个新的物种的，即定义新物种的不同方式。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Popa langur-named for an extinct volcano home to its largest population of about 100 individuals-has been around for at least a million year, according to a study published in Zoological Research.(根据发表在《动物学研究》上一项研究，波帕叶猴以一座死火山命名，该火山是其最大的种群所在地，约有100只已经存在了至少一百万年)”以及第七段的“Scientists define a species by whether the animal are able to produce fertile offspring (后代) together.(科学家们根据动物是否能够产生可育后代来定义一个物种)”以及最后一段的“Some scholars dismiss these discoveries. But others think without a unique name and estimated population, these small groups cannot get enough conservation funding and may eventually disappear without anyone knowing it. (一些学者驳斥了这些发现。但另一些人认为，如果没有一个独特的名称和估计的数量，这些小群体就无法获得足够的保护资金，最终可能会在没有任何人知道的情况下消失)”可知，作者在介绍这个新物种的相关信息时都是引用第三者观点来描述，不带个人主观想法。因此作者对波帕叶猴的发现持客观态度。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Scientists recently have announced a new primate species-Popa langur, a medium-sized leaf-eating monkey living in central Myanmar.(科学家最近宣布了一种新的灵长类物种——波帕叶猴，一种生活在缅甸中部的中型食叶猴)”以及第二段“Popa langur-named for an extinct volcano home to its largest population of about 100 individuals-has been around for at least a million year, according to a study published in Zoological Research.(根据发表在《动物学研究》上一项研究，波帕叶猴以一座死火山命名，该火山是其最大的种群所在地，约有100只已经存在了至少一百万年)”可知，文章主要介绍科学家们发现了波帕叶猴。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Effective leadership involvs a bi-directional interaction that makes leaders not just teachers, but also learners. To become an effective leader, it is necessary to be aware of certain behaviors and characteristics that can impact your organization. According to researchers, leaders should follow these rules of leadership.
____16____
An effective leader must accept responsibility for guiding the organization’s future by setting out a vision. This should be created with the support of a team. During this process, an effective leader will recognize the strengths of the organization, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to growth promote long-term success.
Define roles and relaionships clearly.
Expections of the leader and roles of team members must be clearly defined. It is important to note/thata crole has two important features: specific responsibilities and how the individual is expected to behave and fulfill these responsibilities.____17____When members clearly understand their responsibilities to the team and individual obligations, there will be less confusion and fewer conflicts as there is ownership and mutual understanding of each person’s role.
____18____
Leaders cannot be everywhere all the time. The truth is that many leaders feel pressed for time and may often feel overwhelmed with responsibilities.____19____ However, there can be a sense of a less-than-excellent work performance from time to time. A leader’s ability to manage his or her workload effectively has an impact on others. Therefore, it is necessary for a leader to use his or her time and energy accordingly.
Continuously learn and develop.
Highly effective leaders are aware that they do not know everything; thus, they use their strengths and understand their weaknesses. They seek feedback and always strive to learn and develop. They know that self-improvement is a journey not a destination.____20____
A. Think and act strategically.
B. Use leader time/energy appropriately.
C. Understand and demonstrate the elements of teams and teamwork.
D. As a leader grows, so does the individual and group performance of an organization.
E. Clearly defining the team’s roles, behaviors, and practices can increase productivity.
F. They are usually expected to work at a fast pace and remain at a high level of productivity.
G. One way to manage time more effectively is to set clear rules and procedures for meetings.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了领导者应该遵循的一些领导规则。
【16题详解】
设空处为段首小标题。根据段中“An effective leader must accept responsibility for guiding the organization’s future by setting out a vision. This should be created with the support of a team. During this process, an effective leader will recognize the strengths of the organization, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to growth promote long-term success.(一个有效的领导者必须承担责任，通过制定愿景来指导组织的未来。这应该在团队的支持下创建。在这个过程中，一个有效的领导者会认识到组织的优势、弱点、机会和增长的威胁，促进长期的成功)”可知，作为领导者要承担责任，要确立组织愿景，要有未来战略思维，同时还要认清组织的优势、弱点、面监的机会和威胁，这样才能带领组织走向成功，这说明优秀的领导者应战略性地思考和行动。A项“Think and act strategically.”是本段最佳小标题。故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“Expections of the leader and roles of team members must be clearly defined. It is important to note/thata crole has two important features: specific responsibilities and how the individual is expected to behave and fulfill these responsibilities.(领导者的期望和团队成员的角色必须明确界定。重要的是要注意到角色有两个重要的特征：具体的责任以及个人应该如何表现和履行这些责任)”提出要清楚地定位团队成员的角色和责任，E项“Clearly defining the team’s roles, behaviors, and practices can increase productivity.(清楚地定义团队的角色、行为和实践可以提高生产力)”说明了原因，这样做可以提高生产力，且句中“Clearly defining the team’s roles, behaviors, and practices”与段首小标题“Define roles and relaionships clearly.”相照应，符合上下文连贯。故选E项。
【18题详解】
设空处为段首小标题。根据段中“Leaders cannot be everywhere all the time. The truth is that many leaders feel pressed for time and may often feel overwhelmed with responsibilities.(领导者不可能每时每刻都无处不在。事实上，许多领导都感到时间紧迫，而且常常感到责任过重)”和“A leader’s ability to manage his or her workload effectively has an impact on others. Therefore, it is necessary for a leader to use his or her time and energy accordingly.(一个领导者有效管理他或她自己工作量的能力会对其他人产生影响。因此，领导者有必要相应地使用他或她自己的时间和精力)”可知，领导者要合理地运用自己有限的时间和精力，A项“Use leader time/energy appropriately.”是本段最佳小标题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“However, there can be a sense of a less-than-excellent work performance from time to time.(然而，有时会有一种工作表现不佳的感觉)”中However可知上下文之间有转折关系，F项“They are usually expected to work at a fast pace and remain at a high level of productivity. (他们通常被期望以快节奏工作，并保持高水平的生产力)”中“work at a fast pace and remain at a high level of productivity”与下文“a sense of a less-than-excellent work performance”形成转折对比关系，符合上下文连贯。故选F项。
【20题详解】
结合段首小标题“Continuously learn and develop.(不断学习和发展)”和上文“They seek feedback and always strive to learn and develop. They know that self-improvement is a journey not a destination.(他们寻求反馈，总是努力学习和发展。他们知道自我提升是一段旅程而不是终点)”可知，领导者需要不断学习和发展，D项“As a leader grows, so does the individual and group performance of an organization. (随着领导者的成长，组织的个人和团队绩效也会随之增长)”承接上文，说明领导者不断学习的成长带来的好处，句中“grows”和上文“develop”相照应，符合上下文连贯。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While working as a graduate student in New York City, Vanessa Bohns was given the much scared job of collecting survey data in Penn Station as part of an academic research project. Each time she____21____ a passer-by, she expected to hear them tell her how____22____they were. Yet the bad responses____23____ came; many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires than she had ____24____.
Was it possible, she wondered, that most of us are____25____about whether people want to respond to our requests? Over the following decade, she____26____ multiple studies that confirmed this was indeed the case: in many different situations, people are often far more likely to ____27____than we assume.
On the surface, it seemed that the results provided a refreshingly____28____view of human nature. “It started as a positive thing, like, isn’t it ____29____that people are more likely to do things for you than you think?”However, with time going by and more reflection on the results, Bohns has come to appreciate that her results reflect a broader tendency that we usually _____30_____ how much influence our words can have over others, whether we’ re asking them to_____31_____actions that are good or bad. People often_____32_____to do what they are asked because they find it too awkward to say no,_____33_____ when they feel uncomfortable with our requests.
Knowing this can help us understand how our requests might_____34_____other people — particularly in the workplace—and help us_____35_____our requests accordingly , in ways that respect people’ s boundaries and without taking what they have done for us for granted.
21. A. glared B. approached C. passed D. pushed
22. A. surprised B. glad C. annoyed D. awkward
23. A. frequently B. repeatedly C. constantly D. rarely
24. A. expected B. requested C. promised D. recognized
25. A. curious B. clear C. wrong D. careful
26. A. turned out B. carried out C. figured out D. made out
27. A. ignore B. complain C. refuse D. cooperate
28. A. optimistic B. critical C. negative D. neutral
29. A. strange B. great C. disappointing D. normal
30. A. judge B. worry C. underestimate D. imagine
31. A. imitate B. perform C. practise D. discuss
32. A. agree B. fail C. claim D. pretend
33. A. if only B. as though C. in that D. even though
34. A. attract B. impress C. affect D. puzzle
35. A. abandon B. value C. follow D. adjust
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们通常会低估我们的话语对其他人的影响程度，实际上，人们更不愿意拒绝我们的请求。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次她靠近一个路人，她都预料会听到他们告诉她他们有多恼怒。A. glared怒目而视；B. approached靠近；C. passed走过；D. pushed推。根据下文“she expected to hear them tell her”可知，她应该是靠近路人做调查，她才会听到别人告诉她。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次她靠近一个路人，她都预料会听到他们告诉她他们有多恼怒。A. surprised惊讶的；B. glad高兴的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“Yet the bad responses ____3____ came”可知，此处表示她原本预料路人会很恼怒。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的反应很少出现；愿意回答调查问卷的人比她预期的更多。A. frequently经常地；B. repeatedly重复地；C. constantly不断地；D. rarely很少地。根据下文“many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires than she had ____4____ .”可知，糟糕的反应很少出现。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的反应很少出现；愿意回答调查问卷的人比她预期的更多。A. expected预期；B. requested要求；C. promised承诺；D. recognized认可。根据上文“she expected to hear them tell her how ____2____ they were.”可知，此处表示愿意回答调查问卷的人比她预期的更多。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她想知道，有没有可能我们中的大多数人对于人们是否愿意回答我们的问题的看法是错误的？A. curious好奇的；B. clear清楚的；C. wrong错误的；D. careful小心的。根据上文“Yet the bad responses ____3____ came; many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires than she had ____4____ .”可知，此处表示她提出疑问，是否我们大多数人对人们是否愿意回答问题的看法是错误的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的十年里，她实施了多项研究，证实了这一点：在许多不同的情况下，人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。A. turned out证明是；B. carried out实施；C. figured out弄清楚；D. made out看出。根据下文“multiple studies”可知，她实施了多项研究。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的十年里，她实施了多项研究，证实了这一点：在许多不同的情况下，人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。A. ignore忽视；B. complain投诉；C. refuse拒绝；D. cooperate合作。根据上文“many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires”可知，此处表示人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：表面上看，这些结果似乎提供了一种令人耳目一新地乐观的人性观。A. optimistic乐观的；B. critical关键的；C. negative消极的；D. neutral中立的。根据上文“in many different situations, people are often far more likely to ____7____ than we assume.”可知，研究结果似乎提供了乐观的人性观。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一件积极的事情，比如，人们比你想象的更愿意为你做事情，这难道不是很棒吗？A. strange奇怪的；B. great很棒的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“people are more likely to do things for you than you think”可知，这是很棒的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，博恩斯开始意识到，她的结果反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即我们通常低估了我们的话语对他人的影响程度，无论我们要求他们执行好的还是坏的行动。A. judge判断；B. worry担忧；C. underestimate低估；D. imagine想象。根据下文“People often ____12____ to do what they are asked because they find it too awkward to say no, ____13____ when they feel uncomfortable with our requests.”可知，此处表示我们通常低估我们的话语对他人的影响程度。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，博恩斯开始意识到，她的结果反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即我们通常低估了我们的话语对他人的影响程度，无论我们要求他们执行好的还是坏的行动。A. imitate模仿；B. perform执行；C. practise练习；D. discuss讨论。根据下文“actions that are good or bad”可知，此处表示要求他们执行好的还是坏的行为。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们通常同意做他们被要求做的事情，因为他们觉得说不太尴尬，即使当他们对我们的要求感到不舒服的时候。A. agree同意；B. fail失败；C. claim声称；D. pretend假装。根据下文“to do what they are asked because they find it too awkward to say no”可知，人们通常会同意要求他们做的事情。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查连词短语辨析。句意：人们通常同意做他们被要求做的事情，因为他们觉得说不太尴尬，即使当他们对我们的要求感到不舒服的时候。A. if only要是……多好；B. as though好像；C. in that因为；D. even though即使。根据下文“when they feel uncomfortable with our requests”以及语境可知，此处表示即使是他们感觉不舒服时。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们理解我们的请求可能会如何影响其他人，尤其是在工作场所，并帮助我们相应地调整我们的请求，以尊重人们的底线，而不把他们为我们做的事情视为理所当然。A. attract吸引；B. impress给……留下深刻印象；C. affect影响；D. puzzle使困惑。根据上文“we usually ____10____ how much influence our words can have over others, whether we’ re asking them to ____11____ actions that are good or bad”可知，此处表示我们的请求会影响其他人。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们理解我们的请求可能会如何影响其他人，尤其是在工作场所，并帮助我们相应地调整我们的请求，以尊重人们的底线，而不把他们为我们做的事情视为理所当然。A. abandon放弃；B. value重视；C. follow跟随；D. adjust调整。根据下文“our requests accordingly, in ways that respect people’ s boundaries and without taking what they have done for us for granted.”可知，此处表示以此为依据调整我们的请求。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Reading is a great form of entertainment that require you use your ____36____(imagine) rather than simply watching visuals on a screen. There is also something ____37____ (enjoy) about the feel of a book with the scent of printed pages and beautiful covers. Books are ____38____valuable aspect of society as well.
When vocabulary and writing were developed thousands of years ago, clay tablets (泥版) were used. This evolved ____39____ parchment (羊皮纸). In the third century, the first books consisted of thick pages ____40____(make)from bamboo. By the mid-15th century, the printing press had revolutionized books, ____41____(create) what we have today. They are now ____42____(ready) accessible to everyone.
World Book Day ____43____(establish) by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Culiurel Organization (UNESCO) on April 23,1995. This date was chosen because ____44____is the anniversary of the death of William Shakespeare.
Around the world, there are many other dates on which World Book Day ____45____(take) place. The UK, Sweden, and Ireland all celebrate World Book Day on different dates.
【答案】36. imagination
37. enjoyable
38. a 39. into
40. made 41. creating
42 readily
43. was established
44. it 45. takes
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了书籍的历史发展过程，以及阅读的好处。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：阅读是一种很好的娱乐方式，它需要你发挥你的想象力，而不是简单地看屏幕上的视觉效果。空前的your为形容词性物主代词，后接名词。imagine为动词，意为“想象”，其名词为imagination，意为“想象力”，不可数名词。your imagination在句中作宾语。故填imagination。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：还有一种令人愉快的感觉，那就是一本散发着印刷书页和漂亮封面的书。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写形容词作后置定语，修饰something。enjoy为动词，意为“享受”，其形容词是enjoyable，意为“令人愉快的”，符合句意。故填enjoyable。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：书籍也是社会的一个有价值的方面。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写冠词构成名词短语，作表语。根据句意，a valuable aspect意为“一个有价值的方面”，表示泛指。应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这演变成了羊皮纸。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写介词后接宾语。根据句意，evolve为不及物动词，意为“进化，演变”，evolve into为固定搭配，意为“演化为”，into符合句意。故填into。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在公元三世纪，最早的书籍是用竹子制成的厚页。根据句子结构可知，consisted为本句的谓语动词，设空处应该填写非谓语动词。根据句意，pages与make之间是被动关系，故应该填写过去分词作后置定语。make意为“制作”，过去分词为made。故填made。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：到15世纪中期，印刷术彻底改变了书籍，创造了我们今天所拥有的一切。根据句子结构可知，had revolutionized为本句的谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，create意为“创造”，在句中伴随状语，与其逻辑主语the printing press之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填creating。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在每个人都可以轻易地获得它们。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写副词修饰形容词accessible。ready为形容词，意为“准备的，轻易的”，其副词为readily。故填readily。
【43题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：世界读书日由联合国教科文组织于1995年4月23日设立。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。establish为动词，意为“建立，设定”，establish与主语World Book Day之间是被动关系，同时描述的是过去发生的事情。故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was established。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：之所以选择这一天，是因为这一天是威廉·莎士比亚的忌日。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写代词作主语。根据句意，用人称代词it指代前文的this date。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在世界各地，还有许多其他的日子会举行世界读书日。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写谓语动词，同时描述的是客观情况，应该用一般现在时，主语World Book Day为单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。take place意为“举办，发生”，符合句意。故填takes。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Noah在给你的邮件中说他对中国古代建筑很感兴趣，并打算利用暑假参观一下。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1．推荐要参观的建筑；
2．约定参观的时间；
3．提出其他建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Noah,
I’m really glad that you take great interest in ancient Chinese architecture.
Millions of ancient buildings have survived in China’s history. However, there is no better place to visit than the Forbidden City in Beijing. It served as a royal palace for centuries. Summer is a good time for traveling, so shall we go there on August 1? I believe you’ll have a better experience if you know its history. You’d better do some research online.
Please let me know if you need further information.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰朋友Noah写一封信，他打算暑假参观中国古代建筑，请在信中给他一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感兴趣：take interest in→be interested in
保存，幸存：survive→preverve
好时光：a good time→a great time
研究：research→investigation
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You’d better do some research online.
拓展句：You’d better do some research online，which is beneficial.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I believe you’ll have a better experience if you know its history. (运用了省略that的宾语从句，从句中运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】
Please let me know if you need further information.(运用了祈使句结构和if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
“Wanted: Violin. Can’t pay much. Contact…”
I rarely read the classified advertisements, so why did I notice that one? I laid the paper on my lap and closed my eyes, remembering what had happened many years before, during the Great Depression when my family struggled to make a living on our farm. I, too, had wanted a violin.
When my older twin sisters began showing an interest in music, Harriet Anne learned to play Grandma’s piano, while Suzanne turned to Daddy’s violin. Simple tunes became lovely melodies. My baby brother danced; Daddy hummed and Mother whistled. I just listened.
When my arms grew long enough, I tried to play Suzanne’s violin. Oh, how I wanted one! But I knew it was out of the question.
One evening as the twins played in the school orchestra. I closed my eyes tight to capture the picture firmly in my mind. Someday, I’ll sit up there, I vowed silently.
It was not a good year. At harvest the crops didn’t bring as much as we had hoped. Yet even though times were hard, I couldn’t wait any longer to ask, “Daddy, may I have a violin of my own?”
“Can’t you use Suzanne’s?”
“I’d like to be in the orchestra too, and we can’t both use the same violin at the same time.”
Daddy’s face looked sad. That night, and many following nights, I heard him remind God in our family prayers, “… and Lord, Mary Lou wants her own violin.”
One evening we all sat round the table. The twins and I studied. Mother sewed and Daddy wrote a letter to his friend, George Finkle, in Columbus, Ohio. Mr Finkle, Daddy said, was a fine violinist.
When Daddy received a letter from Columbus a few weeks later, he asked me, “Mary Lou, do you want to go with me to visit Mr Finkle?”
He drove us to Columbus and we came to a fine, old house. A tall man opened the door. He and Daddy heartily shook hands, both talking at once.
“Mary Lou, I’ve been hearing things about you. Your Daddy has arranged a surprise for you!” He picked up a case, opened it, lifted out a violin and started to play. The melody surged and spoke like waterfalls. Oh, to play like him, I thought.
Finishing the piece, he turned to Daddy. “I found it in a pawnshop（当铺）for seven dollars. It’s a good violin. Mary Lou should be able to make a beautiful music with it.” Then he handed the violin to me.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
I noticed the tears in Daddy’s eyes as I finally comprehended. It was mine!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I forced my thoughts to the present and read again the advertisement.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I noticed the tears in Daddy’s eyes as I finally comprehended. It was mine! “It’s beautiful.” I said, barely breathing. I knew Daddy’s prayer, and mine, had been answered. Back home, I practiced daily, feeling no tiredness. When I was ready to join the school orchestra, I trembled with excitement. Daddy and Mother smiled proudly in the audience at their little girl who held her cherished violin for the whole world to admire. The years seemed to run more swiftly then. I packed my violin in its case and stepped into the grown-up world. Nurse’s training, marriage, working, bringing up four daughters filled my years. Yet none of my children cared about the violin.
Paragraph 2:
I forced my thoughts to the present and read again the advertisement. Laying the paper aside, I went to find my violin. And I dialed the number. Later that afternoon, an old car stopped in my driveway. A man in his thirties with a young girl knocked on the door. “I’ve been praying someone would answer my advertisement. My daughter wants a violin so badly.” He said, “How much are you asking?” “Seven dollars,” I said. I handed the case to the girl. She opened the case and touched the violin lightly as it caught the glow of the late-afternoon sun. Then she threw her arms round her smiling father.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者看到报纸上关于希望购买小提琴的广告，回想到自己是如何通过七美金得第一把小提琴的，并在最后把小提琴以七美金卖给小女孩的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我终于明白时，我注意到爸爸眼中的泪水。”可知，第一段可描写我在得到小提琴后激动的心情，以及小提琴对我一生的陪伴。
②由第二段首句内容“我把思绪转移到现在，又看了一遍广告。”可知，第二段可描写我将小提琴以七美金卖给小女孩，以及小女孩得到小提琴的喜悦心情。
2.续写线索：得到小提琴——激动的心情——小提琴对我的陪伴——回到广告——把小提琴卖给小女孩——小女孩的心情
3. 词类激活
行为类
①抚养：bring up/raise
②笑容：smile/laugh
③颤抖：tremble/shake
情感类
①激动：excitement/thrill
②自豪：proudly/insolently
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When I was ready to join the school orchestra, I trembled with excitement.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Laying the paper aside, I went to find my violin.（运用了现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1-5 CABCA 6-10 ABACA 11-15 BCBAB 16-20 BAABC
高二年级期末考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题: 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do today?
A. Visit a friend. B. Attend a lecture. C. Help her friend.
2. Where is the woman's cell phgne?
A. In her bag. B. In the dining hall. C. In the classroom.
3. What does the man find difficult?
A. Understanding the instructions.
B. Putting together the folding table.
C. Fixing a train.
4. When does the woman need the book?
A. On April 1st. B. On April 2nd. C. On April 3rd.
5. What does the man mean?
A. Most treaders don't agree with him.
B. The woman can’t convince him.
C. Few people read his article.
第二节 (共15小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟: 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the woman stay at night during the holiday?
A. In a tent. B. In a hotel. C. In a farmhouse.
7. What does the woman think of the people there?
A. They were interesting. B. They were friendly. C. They were honest.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Pocket money. B. Part-time jobs. C. The man's parents.
9. How long does the man take care of his neighbor's baby every Friday?
A. For two hours. B. For three hours. C. For four hours.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What relation is Cindy to Edward?
A. His former primary schoolmate.
B. His group member.
C. His teacher.
11. What can Edward do in the theater group?
A. Meet famous artists. B. Perform plays and musicals. C. See films.
12. Where are the speakers?
A. At school. B. In a play theater. C.Outside a cinema.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When does the woman go to the restaurant?
A. In the early morning. B. In the middle of the morning. C. At noon.
14. What does the weman like most about the restaurant?
A. The quiet environment. B. The delicious food. C. The jazz music.
15. What does the man say about his favorite restaurant?
A. It's newly opened and clean.
B He thinks highly of the food.
C. A film actor eats there sometimes.
16. What does the man have for lunch?
A.Pancakes. B. Fish pie. C. Sausages.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s “What to Do Today”?
A. A radio program. B. A social organization. C. A school team.
18. What's the main purpose of the tree-planting activity?
A. To help poor blind children.
B. To gain tree-planting experience.
C To raise money for a computer company.
19. How many trees do students and their parents want to plant today?
A.30. B.750. C.1,500.
20. What should volunteers bring for the activity?
A. Hats. B. Thick gloves. C. Basic tools.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are four French art exhibitions which look at the poetry of Pablo Picasso, old photography by Henri Cartier-Bresson, the history of technology and the fashion design by Coco Chanel.
Musee National Picasso-1 Paris
On view at the famous Musee National Picasso-Paris, an exhibition called Picasso Poet looks at the poems that Pablo Picasso wrote in his lifetime. It’s more than just framed pieces of paper but a look into his handwritten plays, typewritten artist books, hand-painted poems, drawings and paintings.
Until June 2021.
Price: $10
Metiers Art Museum
It’s one of the most overlooked museums in Paris, and it’s well worth a day trip rather than just waiting in line at the Louvre. Their collection of railway engineering machines, retro (复古风格的) televisions, cameras and typewriters walks us through the history of technology over the past 200 years.
Until May 2021.
Price: $14
Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation
This quiet little museum features (以……为特色) more than just photos by the French master photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson. There is also a solo show which features the photos of Chilean photographer Sergio Larrain on show at the present time. Henri’s photos featuring London taken in the winter of 1958 to 1959 include street scenes with fog and rain as well as the local people’s daily lives.
Until July 2021.
Price: Free
Palais Galliera
The Palais Galliera is the most famous fashion museum in Paris, and it’s been closed for the past 2 years for repair. Now, it’s reopened with a public exhibition honoring French designer, Coco Chanel. It traces the career of one woman who broke the glass ceiling in fashion design and features over 350 dresses and jewels. It continues in the newly decorated basement galleries, which aren’t to be missed.
Until August 2021.
Price: $20
1. What does the article tell us about Henri Cartier Bresson Foundation?
A. This museum is large and modern.
B. There is a show featuring the photos of Sergio Larrain.
C. Photos of the show were taken in the autumn of 1959.
D. Photos on view are about the daily lives of people around the world.
2. Where should visitors go if they want to explore the history of technology?
A. Musee National Picasso-Paris.
B. Henry Cartier Bresson Foug dlation.
C. Metiers Art Museum.
D. Palais Galliera.
3. What can visitors do at Palais Galliera?
A. Enjoy Picasso’s poems.
B. Visit a photography exhibition about Paris.
C. View the last century’s changing fashion trends.
D. Appreciate Coco Chanel’s design.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个展览。它们能够让你了解Pablo Picasso的诗集、Henri Cartier-Bresson的旧照片、科技的历史以及Coco Chanel的时尚设计。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation部分的“There is also a solo show which features the photos of Chilean photographer Sergio Larrain on show at the present time.(还有一个个人展，展出了智利摄影师Sergio Larrain目前正在展出的照片)”可知，在Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation有一个关于摄影师Sergio Larrain所拍摄的照片的展出。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Metiers Art Museum部分的“Their collection of railway engineering machines, retro (复古风格的) televisions, cameras and typewriters walks us through the history of technology over the past 200 years. (他们收藏的铁路工程机器、复古风格的电视、照相机和打字机带领我们穿越了过去200年的科技史)”可知，如果游客想要探索科技的历史，他们应该去Metiers Art Museum。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Palais Galliera部分“Now, it’s reopened with a public exhibition honoring French designer, Coco Chanel. It traces the career of one woman who broke the glass ceiling in fashion design and features over 350 dresses and jewels.(现在，它重新开放，举办了一场纪念法国设计师Coco Chanel的公开展览。它追溯了一位打破时装设计玻璃天花板的女性的职业生涯，展示了350多件礼服和珠宝)”可知，在Palais Galliera游客们可以欣赏到Coco Chanel设计的作品。故选D项。
B
Growing up in Venezuela, there was never really much cause to learn English.
For five years, I spent two hours a week completely involved in understanding “to be”, numbers, colors, and the differences between saying “good evening” and “good night”.
I thought two hours a week was enough time to invest in learning a foreign language. I would always get top marks and teachers would regularly praise me.
Even as an adult, I still thought I spoke the language, just by understanding English menus or translating some common phrases.
Yep, that used to be me, walking like a queen among everyday, Spanish speakers.
“Bring it on, life.” I said.
“I can deal with whatever you’ve got, I’m a rock star.” But when I moved to Canada, life hit me so hard that it knocked me down. Years later, I am still recovering.
Living in a new land, with different people, new rules, new weather, a new culture and language, I was no longer a queen.
Did I speak English? No, not at all. So, I went back to school, thinking that it was a challenge I would conquer in record time. But English was more like a wall in my path.
Even after getting a job, it took all my courage to stop myself from hiding in the washroom during my lunch break, crying, completely overwhelmed (不知所措的) and scared.
Learning English, speaking, listening—it hurt me. Not the language. Not the unkind people. It hurt because I wasn’t good, despite my efforts.
Now, after almost seven years in Canada, I’ve decided not to say sorry for my accent, grammar mistakes, or pronunciation. I’m going to run after my dreams and enjoy a beautiful, rich and fascinating language.
Don’t get me wrong. My brain still screams “Give me a break!” from time to time, but that’s completely natural.
I know it’s going to take a while, but at least now I accept the person I am—not the perfect person I thought I was.
4. What do we learn about leaning English in Venezuela ?
A. Everyone put much time in it. B. It didn’t need much effort.
C. Its standard was very high in high school. D. It brought advantages to students.
5. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 show about the author?
A. She was proud of her level of foreign languages.
B. She felt confident enough to face any challenge.
C. She was brave in competitions.
D. She looked down on others.
6. What happened right after the author moved to Canada?
A. She adjusted to the new environment quickly.
B. She regretted not working hard in English.
C. She quickly put her language talent to use.
D. She expected to improve her English easily.
7. What can we inferred from the last three paragraphs?
A. The author has a realistic understanding of herself.
B. The author has conquered English eventually.
C. The author now can pass as a native speaker.
D. The author is frustrated with her English.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学英语的痛苦经历。学这门语言让作者备受挫折，但也让作者接受和明白了自己不是一个完美的人，让作者重新认识了自我。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Venezuela, there was never really much cause to learn English.(在委内瑞拉长大，从来没有真正的理由去学习英语。)”以及第三段的“I thought two hours a week was enough time to invest in learning a foreign language. I would always get top marks and teachers would regularly praise me.(我以为一周两个小时足够学习一门外语了。我总是得到最高分，老师也会经常表扬我。)”可知，在委内瑞拉学习英语不需要投入太多的时间跟精力。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Yep, that used to be me, walking like a queen among every day, Spanish speakers.(是的，那曾经是我，每天像女王一样走在说西班牙语的人群中。)”以及第七段的“I can deal with whatever you’ve got, I’m a rock star.(我可以应付你的一切，我是个摇滚明星。)”可推断，划线句表明作者对于学好英语感到十分自信，觉得自己能够克服一切困难。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第九段的“So, I went back to school, thinking that it was a challenge I would conquer in record time. But English was more like a wall in my path.(所以，我回到学校，认为这是一个我将在短时间内征服的挑战。但英语更像是我人生道路上的一堵墙。)”可知，作者去了加拿大后，希望回到学校后能轻松地提高她的英语。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Now, after almost seven years in Canada, I’ve decided not to say sorry for my accent, grammar mistakes, or pronunciation.(现在，在加拿大生活了将近七年后，我决定不再为我的口音、语法错误或发音感到抱歉。)”以及倒数第二段的“My brain still screams “Give me a break!” from time to time, but that’s completely natural.(我的大脑仍然时不时在尖叫“饶了我吧！”不，但这是完全自然的。)”以及最后一段的“I know it’s going to take a while, but at least now I accept the person I am—not the perfect person I thought I was.(我知道这需要一段时间，但至少现在我接受了我自己——不是我想象中的那个完美的人。)”可知，通过学英语的经历，作者更好地了解了自己并去接受了那个不完美的自己。故选A项。
C
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.
One large piece of space junk, a disused rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rocket’s origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive-weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be Visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. “We found the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, leading investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaisance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. Depending on the rocket’s location, it could take as long as 28 days.
What’s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth’s orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) are at risk. In 2016,tiny spade (残骸) smaller than a millimeter caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause.The European Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into piece”. If his sounds terrifying that’s because it is. Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC. In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it an remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large Debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment.
8. Which of the following can be regarded as spacejunk?
A. An abandoned space station. B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
C. A crater on the moon’s surface. D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
9. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2?
A. Tracking the rocket. B. Finding out the rocket’s origin.
C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Locating the crater.
10. Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016?
A. To compare the effects of debris of different sizes.
B. To prove the space debris problem is getting worse.
C. To illustrate the potential dangers of space junk.
D. To explain the necessity of removing space junk.
11. What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph?
A. It’s likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
B. It can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
C. It’s impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
D. The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest threat it poses.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了3月4日，一枚废弃的太空垃圾火箭撞上了月球的黑暗面，引发了人们对于太空垃圾潜在危险的关注。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now.(你有没有想过，所有发射到太空的旧物体，如火箭和卫星，会发生什么？它被称为太空垃圾，其中大部分现在仍然存在)”可知，所有发射到太空的旧物体都被称为太空垃圾。所以被送入太空的空间站在废弃之后可以被视为太空垃圾。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be Visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it.(它一定在月球表面留下了一个大约10到20米宽的大陨石坑。虽然现在还看不到它，但科学家们正在努力定位它)”以及“Depending on the rocket’s location, it could take as long as 28 days.(根据火箭的位置，可能需要长达28天的时间)”可知，根据火箭的位置，定位陨石坑可能需要长达28天的时间，句中it指代“定位陨石坑”，即locating the crater。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In 2016, tiny spade (残骸) smaller than a millimeter caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into piece”.(2016年，小于一毫米的残骸在国际空间站的窗口中造成了一个微小的缺口。想象一下，一块更大的碎片可能会造成多大的损害。欧洲机构网站表示，物体“长达1厘米可能会使卫星上的仪器或关键飞行系统失效”，而超过10厘米的物体“可能会将卫星或航天器粉碎”)”可知，太空垃圾会造成危险，所以作者提到2016年微小残骸造成的损害是为了说明太空垃圾的潜在危险。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it an remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large Debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment.(除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾还对地球本身构成威胁。碰撞会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留数十年。一些强大的碰撞甚至会将大量碎片冲向地球表面，从而影响当地环境)”可知，太空垃圾会对航天器、卫星和地球本身构成威胁，如果太空垃圾留在大气层中，它可能会构成持久的威胁。故选B项。
D
Scientists recently have announced a new primate species-Popa langur, a medium-sized leaf-eating monkey living in central Myanmar.
Popa langur-named for an extinct volcano home to its largest population of about 100 individuals-has been around for at least a million year, according to a study published in Zoological Research.
In fact, the newest monkey species was not found during an expedition or spotted by a research team, but was discovered in the backrooms of the London Natural History Museum. The senior author of the study, Frank Momberg, and his colleagues conducted a genetic analysis of a sample of monkey feces (粪便) collected in the forests of central Myanmar and Compared it with specimens (标本) from Myanmar gathered almost a century ago in the museum, only to find out that the previously unknown langur was still roaming (在……漫步)in the wild.
Scientists set up cameras in the forest hoping to get a glimpse of the creature. In 2018, the monkey was finally filmed, revealing its distinctive coloration.
Although it’s exciting news for scientists to find a new species, after investigation, they found the total number of Popa langur is about 200 to 250, which will likely mean the new species is “critically endangered”. Additional field surveys and protection measures are urgently required to save the langurs from extinction.
The discovery of Popa langur also brings people’s attention to new species identification.
Actually, species are not clearly divided as we learned in school. Scientists define a species by whether the animals are able to produce fertile offspring (后代) together. Another way is to use genetic information, which is mainly used to define a species that is genetically distinguished from another but still shares a clear ancestor.
When scientists announce a newly defined species based on genetic evidence, it usually means they have elevated (提升为) an alrealy defined subspecies to the species level. The Popa langur, for example, was previously classified as a member of a specific group of langur monkeys.
It can be controversial to elevate a subspecies into a new species based on genetic information,like Popa langur. Some scholars dismiss these discoveries. But others think without a unique name and estimated population, these small groups cannot get enough conservation funding and may eventually disappear without anyone knowing it.
12. Which of the following is the key factor in discovering the new monkey species?
A. The examination of the sample of monkey feces collected.
B. The study of the specimens preserved in the museum.
C. A comparative analysis of the sample and specimens.
D. A comparison of the film shot in the forest with the specimens.
13. What do paragraphs 6 and 7 mainly talk about?
A. The significance of the discovery of Popa langur.
B. The reasons scientists define Popa langur as a new species.
C. The relationship between species and subspecies.
D. Different methods to identify a new species.
14. The writer’s attitude towards the discovery of Popa langur?
A. Objective B. Indifferent C. subjective D. Pessimisic
15. What’s the main purpose of the article?
A. To report on the discovery of Popa langur.
B. To inform us of the importance of genetic studies.
C. To raise funds to preserve langur monkeys.
D To compare different monkey species.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们发现了一个灵长类物种。它被称为波帕叶猴，是一种体型中等，以叶子为食的猴子，生活在缅甸中部。科学家们将其定新物种，引起了人们对于将一个亚种提升为物种的关注。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The senior author of the study, Frank Momberg, and his colleagues conducted a genetic analysis of a sample of monkey feces (粪便) collected in the forests of central Myanmar and Compared it with specimens (标本) from Myanmar gathered almost a century ago in the museum, only to find out that the previously unknown langur was still roaming (在……漫步)in the wild.(这项研究的资深作者Frank Momberg和他的同事们对采集于缅甸中部森林的猴子粪便样本进行了基因分析，并与一个世纪前收集在博物馆的标本作比较，结果发现先前不为人知的叶猴还在野外漫步)”可知，科学家们是通过对采集来的样本和原有的标本进行比较分析来确定这个新物种的。故选C项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第六段的“The discovery of Popa langur also brings people’s attention to new species identification.(波帕叶猴的发现也引起了人们对新物种鉴定的关注)”以及第七段的“Scientists define a species by whether the animals are able to produce fertile offspring (后代) together. Another way is to use genetic information, which is mainly used to define a species that is genetically distinguished from another but still shares a clear ancestor.(科学家们根据动物是否能够产生可育后代来定义一个物种。另一种方法是使用遗传信息，这种信息主要用于定义一个物种，这个物种在遗传上与另一个物种有所区别，但仍然拥有同一个明确的祖先)”可知，第六和第七段主要讲述的是科学家们如何去定义一个新的物种的，即定义新物种的不同方式。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Popa langur-named for an extinct volcano home to its largest population of about 100 individuals-has been around for at least a million year, according to a study published in Zoological Research.(根据发表在《动物学研究》上一项研究，波帕叶猴以一座死火山命名，该火山是其最大的种群所在地，约有100只已经存在了至少一百万年)”以及第七段的“Scientists define a species by whether the animal are able to produce fertile offspring (后代) together.(科学家们根据动物是否能够产生可育后代来定义一个物种)”以及最后一段的“Some scholars dismiss these discoveries. But others think without a unique name and estimated population, these small groups cannot get enough conservation funding and may eventually disappear without anyone knowing it. (一些学者驳斥了这些发现。但另一些人认为，如果没有一个独特的名称和估计的数量，这些小群体就无法获得足够的保护资金，最终可能会在没有任何人知道的情况下消失)”可知，作者在介绍这个新物种的相关信息时都是引用第三者观点来描述，不带个人主观想法。因此作者对波帕叶猴的发现持客观态度。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Scientists recently have announced a new primate species-Popa langur, a medium-sized leaf-eating monkey living in central Myanmar.(科学家最近宣布了一种新的灵长类物种——波帕叶猴，一种生活在缅甸中部的中型食叶猴)”以及第二段“Popa langur-named for an extinct volcano home to its largest population of about 100 individuals-has been around for at least a million year, according to a study published in Zoological Research.(根据发表在《动物学研究》上一项研究，波帕叶猴以一座死火山命名，该火山是其最大的种群所在地，约有100只已经存在了至少一百万年)”可知，文章主要介绍科学家们发现了波帕叶猴。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Effective leadership involvs a bi-directional interaction that makes leaders not just teachers, but also learners. To become an effective leader, it is necessary to be aware of certain behaviors and characteristics that can impact your organization. According to researchers, leaders should follow these rules of leadership.
____16____
An effective leader must accept responsibility for guiding the organization’s future by setting out a vision. This should be created with the support of a team. During this process, an effective leader will recognize the strengths of the organization, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to growth promote long-term success.
Define roles and relaionships clearly.
Expections of the leader and roles of team members must be clearly defined. It is important to note/thata crole has two important features: specific responsibilities and how the individual is expected to behave and fulfill these responsibilities.____17____When members clearly understand their responsibilities to the team and individual obligations, there will be less confusion and fewer conflicts as there is ownership and mutual understanding of each person’s role.
____18____
Leaders cannot be everywhere all the time. The truth is that many leaders feel pressed for time and may often feel overwhelmed with responsibilities.____19____ However, there can be a sense of a less-than-excellent work performance from time to time. A leader’s ability to manage his or her workload effectively has an impact on others. Therefore, it is necessary for a leader to use his or her time and energy accordingly.
Continuously learn and develop.
Highly effective leaders are aware that they do not know everything; thus, they use their strengths and understand their weaknesses. They seek feedback and always strive to learn and develop. They know that self-improvement is a journey not a destination.____20____
A. Think and act strategically.
B. Use leader time/energy appropriately.
C. Understand and demonstrate the elements of teams and teamwork.
D. As a leader grows, so does the individual and group performance of an organization.
E. Clearly defining the team’s roles, behaviors, and practices can increase productivity.
F. They are usually expected to work at a fast pace and remain at a high level of productivity.
G. One way to manage time more effectively is to set clear rules and procedures for meetings.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了领导者应该遵循的一些领导规则。
【16题详解】
设空处为段首小标题。根据段中“An effective leader must accept responsibility for guiding the organization’s future by setting out a vision. This should be created with the support of a team. During this process, an effective leader will recognize the strengths of the organization, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to growth promote long-term success.(一个有效的领导者必须承担责任，通过制定愿景来指导组织的未来。这应该在团队的支持下创建。在这个过程中，一个有效的领导者会认识到组织的优势、弱点、机会和增长的威胁，促进长期的成功)”可知，作为领导者要承担责任，要确立组织愿景，要有未来战略思维，同时还要认清组织的优势、弱点、面监的机会和威胁，这样才能带领组织走向成功，这说明优秀的领导者应战略性地思考和行动。A项“Think and act strategically.”是本段最佳小标题。故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“Expections of the leader and roles of team members must be clearly defined. It is important to note/thata crole has two important features: specific responsibilities and how the individual is expected to behave and fulfill these responsibilities.(领导者的期望和团队成员的角色必须明确界定。重要的是要注意到角色有两个重要的特征：具体的责任以及个人应该如何表现和履行这些责任)”提出要清楚地定位团队成员的角色和责任，E项“Clearly defining the team’s roles, behaviors, and practices can increase productivity.(清楚地定义团队的角色、行为和实践可以提高生产力)”说明了原因，这样做可以提高生产力，且句中“Clearly defining the team’s roles, behaviors, and practices”与段首小标题“Define roles and relaionships clearly.”相照应，符合上下文连贯。故选E项。
【18题详解】
设空处为段首小标题。根据段中“Leaders cannot be everywhere all the time. The truth is that many leaders feel pressed for time and may often feel overwhelmed with responsibilities.(领导者不可能每时每刻都无处不在。事实上，许多领导都感到时间紧迫，而且常常感到责任过重)”和“A leader’s ability to manage his or her workload effectively has an impact on others. Therefore, it is necessary for a leader to use his or her time and energy accordingly.(一个领导者有效管理他或她自己工作量的能力会对其他人产生影响。因此，领导者有必要相应地使用他或她自己的时间和精力)”可知，领导者要合理地运用自己有限的时间和精力，A项“Use leader time/energy appropriately.”是本段最佳小标题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“However, there can be a sense of a less-than-excellent work performance from time to time.(然而，有时会有一种工作表现不佳的感觉)”中However可知上下文之间有转折关系，F项“They are usually expected to work at a fast pace and remain at a high level of productivity. (他们通常被期望以快节奏工作，并保持高水平的生产力)”中“work at a fast pace and remain at a high level of productivity”与下文“a sense of a less-than-excellent work performance”形成转折对比关系，符合上下文连贯。故选F项。
【20题详解】
结合段首小标题“Continuously learn and develop.(不断学习和发展)”和上文“They seek feedback and always strive to learn and develop. They know that self-improvement is a journey not a destination.(他们寻求反馈，总是努力学习和发展。他们知道自我提升是一段旅程而不是终点)”可知，领导者需要不断学习和发展，D项“As a leader grows, so does the individual and group performance of an organization. (随着领导者的成长，组织的个人和团队绩效也会随之增长)”承接上文，说明领导者不断学习的成长带来的好处，句中“grows”和上文“develop”相照应，符合上下文连贯。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While working as a graduate student in New York City, Vanessa Bohns was given the much scared job of collecting survey data in Penn Station as part of an academic research project. Each time she____21____ a passer-by, she expected to hear them tell her how____22____they were. Yet the bad responses____23____ came; many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires than she had ____24____.
Was it possible, she wondered, that most of us are____25____about whether people want to respond to our requests? Over the following decade, she____26____ multiple studies that confirmed this was indeed the case: in many different situations, people are often far more likely to ____27____than we assume.
On the surface, it seemed that the results provided a refreshingly____28____view of human nature. “It started as a positive thing, like, isn’t it ____29____that people are more likely to do things for you than you think?”However, with time going by and more reflection on the results, Bohns has come to appreciate that her results reflect a broader tendency that we usually _____30_____ how much influence our words can have over others, whether we’ re asking them to_____31_____actions that are good or bad. People often_____32_____to do what they are asked because they find it too awkward to say no,_____33_____ when they feel uncomfortable with our requests.
Knowing this can help us understand how our requests might_____34_____other people — particularly in the workplace—and help us_____35_____our requests accordingly , in ways that respect people’ s boundaries and without taking what they have done for us for granted.
21. A. glared B. approached C. passed D. pushed
22. A. surprised B. glad C. annoyed D. awkward
23. A. frequently B. repeatedly C. constantly D. rarely
24. A. expected B. requested C. promised D. recognized
25. A. curious B. clear C. wrong D. careful
26. A. turned out B. carried out C. figured out D. made out
27. A. ignore B. complain C. refuse D. cooperate
28. A. optimistic B. critical C. negative D. neutral
29. A. strange B. great C. disappointing D. normal
30. A. judge B. worry C. underestimate D. imagine
31. A. imitate B. perform C. practise D. discuss
32. A. agree B. fail C. claim D. pretend
33. A. if only B. as though C. in that D. even though
34. A. attract B. impress C. affect D. puzzle
35. A. abandon B. value C. follow D. adjust
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们通常会低估我们的话语对其他人的影响程度，实际上，人们更不愿意拒绝我们的请求。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次她靠近一个路人，她都预料会听到他们告诉她他们有多恼怒。A. glared怒目而视；B. approached靠近；C. passed走过；D. pushed推。根据下文“she expected to hear them tell her”可知，她应该是靠近路人做调查，她才会听到别人告诉她。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次她靠近一个路人，她都预料会听到他们告诉她他们有多恼怒。A. surprised惊讶的；B. glad高兴的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“Yet the bad responses ____3____ came”可知，此处表示她原本预料路人会很恼怒。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的反应很少出现；愿意回答调查问卷的人比她预期的更多。A. frequently经常地；B. repeatedly重复地；C. constantly不断地；D. rarely很少地。根据下文“many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires than she had ____4____ .”可知，糟糕的反应很少出现。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的反应很少出现；愿意回答调查问卷的人比她预期的更多。A. expected预期；B. requested要求；C. promised承诺；D. recognized认可。根据上文“she expected to hear them tell her how ____2____ they were.”可知，此处表示愿意回答调查问卷的人比她预期的更多。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她想知道，有没有可能我们中的大多数人对于人们是否愿意回答我们的问题的看法是错误的？A. curious好奇的；B. clear清楚的；C. wrong错误的；D. careful小心的。根据上文“Yet the bad responses ____3____ came; many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires than she had ____4____ .”可知，此处表示她提出疑问，是否我们大多数人对人们是否愿意回答问题的看法是错误的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的十年里，她实施了多项研究，证实了这一点：在许多不同的情况下，人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。A. turned out证明是；B. carried out实施；C. figured out弄清楚；D. made out看出。根据下文“multiple studies”可知，她实施了多项研究。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的十年里，她实施了多项研究，证实了这一点：在许多不同的情况下，人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。A. ignore忽视；B. complain投诉；C. refuse拒绝；D. cooperate合作。根据上文“many more people were willing to answer the questionnaires”可知，此处表示人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：表面上看，这些结果似乎提供了一种令人耳目一新地乐观的人性观。A. optimistic乐观的；B. critical关键的；C. negative消极的；D. neutral中立的。根据上文“in many different situations, people are often far more likely to ____7____ than we assume.”可知，研究结果似乎提供了乐观的人性观。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一件积极的事情，比如，人们比你想象的更愿意为你做事情，这难道不是很棒吗？A. strange奇怪的；B. great很棒的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“people are more likely to do things for you than you think”可知，这是很棒的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，博恩斯开始意识到，她的结果反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即我们通常低估了我们的话语对他人的影响程度，无论我们要求他们执行好的还是坏的行动。A. judge判断；B. worry担忧；C. underestimate低估；D. imagine想象。根据下文“People often ____12____ to do what they are asked because they find it too awkward to say no, ____13____ when they feel uncomfortable with our requests.”可知，此处表示我们通常低估我们的话语对他人的影响程度。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，博恩斯开始意识到，她的结果反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即我们通常低估了我们的话语对他人的影响程度，无论我们要求他们执行好的还是坏的行动。A. imitate模仿；B. perform执行；C. practise练习；D. discuss讨论。根据下文“actions that are good or bad”可知，此处表示要求他们执行好的还是坏的行为。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们通常同意做他们被要求做的事情，因为他们觉得说不太尴尬，即使当他们对我们的要求感到不舒服的时候。A. agree同意；B. fail失败；C. claim声称；D. pretend假装。根据下文“to do what they are asked because they find it too awkward to say no”可知，人们通常会同意要求他们做的事情。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查连词短语辨析。句意：人们通常同意做他们被要求做的事情，因为他们觉得说不太尴尬，即使当他们对我们的要求感到不舒服的时候。A. if only要是……多好；B. as though好像；C. in that因为；D. even though即使。根据下文“when they feel uncomfortable with our requests”以及语境可知，此处表示即使是他们感觉不舒服时。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们理解我们的请求可能会如何影响其他人，尤其是在工作场所，并帮助我们相应地调整我们的请求，以尊重人们的底线，而不把他们为我们做的事情视为理所当然。A. attract吸引；B. impress给……留下深刻印象；C. affect影响；D. puzzle使困惑。根据上文“we usually ____10____ how much influence our words can have over others, whether we’ re asking them to ____11____ actions that are good or bad”可知，此处表示我们的请求会影响其他人。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们理解我们的请求可能会如何影响其他人，尤其是在工作场所，并帮助我们相应地调整我们的请求，以尊重人们的底线，而不把他们为我们做的事情视为理所当然。A. abandon放弃；B. value重视；C. follow跟随；D. adjust调整。根据下文“our requests accordingly, in ways that respect people’ s boundaries and without taking what they have done for us for granted.”可知，此处表示以此为依据调整我们的请求。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Reading is a great form of entertainment that require you use your ____36____(imagine) rather than simply watching visuals on a screen. There is also something ____37____ (enjoy) about the feel of a book with the scent of printed pages and beautiful covers. Books are ____38____valuable aspect of society as well.
When vocabulary and writing were developed thousands of years ago, clay tablets (泥版) were used. This evolved ____39____ parchment (羊皮纸). In the third century, the first books consisted of thick pages ____40____(make)from bamboo. By the mid-15th century, the printing press had revolutionized books, ____41____(create) what we have today. They are now ____42____(ready) accessible to everyone.
World Book Day ____43____(establish) by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Culiurel Organization (UNESCO) on April 23,1995. This date was chosen because ____44____is the anniversary of the death of William Shakespeare.
Around the world, there are many other dates on which World Book Day ____45____(take) place. The UK, Sweden, and Ireland all celebrate World Book Day on different dates.
【答案】36. imagination
37. enjoyable
38. a 39. into
40. made 41. creating
42 readily
43. was established
44. it 45. takes
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了书籍的历史发展过程，以及阅读的好处。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：阅读是一种很好的娱乐方式，它需要你发挥你的想象力，而不是简单地看屏幕上的视觉效果。空前的your为形容词性物主代词，后接名词。imagine为动词，意为“想象”，其名词为imagination，意为“想象力”，不可数名词。your imagination在句中作宾语。故填imagination。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：还有一种令人愉快的感觉，那就是一本散发着印刷书页和漂亮封面的书。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写形容词作后置定语，修饰something。enjoy为动词，意为“享受”，其形容词是enjoyable，意为“令人愉快的”，符合句意。故填enjoyable。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：书籍也是社会的一个有价值的方面。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写冠词构成名词短语，作表语。根据句意，a valuable aspect意为“一个有价值的方面”，表示泛指。应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这演变成了羊皮纸。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写介词后接宾语。根据句意，evolve为不及物动词，意为“进化，演变”，evolve into为固定搭配，意为“演化为”，into符合句意。故填into。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在公元三世纪，最早的书籍是用竹子制成的厚页。根据句子结构可知，consisted为本句的谓语动词，设空处应该填写非谓语动词。根据句意，pages与make之间是被动关系，故应该填写过去分词作后置定语。make意为“制作”，过去分词为made。故填made。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：到15世纪中期，印刷术彻底改变了书籍，创造了我们今天所拥有的一切。根据句子结构可知，had revolutionized为本句的谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，create意为“创造”，在句中伴随状语，与其逻辑主语the printing press之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填creating。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在每个人都可以轻易地获得它们。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写副词修饰形容词accessible。ready为形容词，意为“准备的，轻易的”，其副词为readily。故填readily。
【43题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：世界读书日由联合国教科文组织于1995年4月23日设立。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。establish为动词，意为“建立，设定”，establish与主语World Book Day之间是被动关系，同时描述的是过去发生的事情。故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was established。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：之所以选择这一天，是因为这一天是威廉·莎士比亚的忌日。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写代词作主语。根据句意，用人称代词it指代前文的this date。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在世界各地，还有许多其他的日子会举行世界读书日。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写谓语动词，同时描述的是客观情况，应该用一般现在时，主语World Book Day为单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。take place意为“举办，发生”，符合句意。故填takes。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Noah在给你的邮件中说他对中国古代建筑很感兴趣，并打算利用暑假参观一下。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1．推荐要参观的建筑；
2．约定参观的时间；
3．提出其他建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Noah,
I’m really glad that you take great interest in ancient Chinese architecture.
Millions of ancient buildings have survived in China’s history. However, there is no better place to visit than the Forbidden City in Beijing. It served as a royal palace for centuries. Summer is a good time for traveling, so shall we go there on August 1? I believe you’ll have a better experience if you know its history. You’d better do some research online.
Please let me know if you need further information.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰朋友Noah写一封信，他打算暑假参观中国古代建筑，请在信中给他一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感兴趣：take interest in→be interested in
保存，幸存：survive→preverve
好时光：a good time→a great time
研究：research→investigation
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You’d better do some research online.
拓展句：You’d better do some research online，which is beneficial.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I believe you’ll have a better experience if you know its history. (运用了省略that的宾语从句，从句中运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】
Please let me know if you need further information.(运用了祈使句结构和if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
“Wanted: Violin. Can’t pay much. Contact…”
I rarely read the classified advertisements, so why did I notice that one? I laid the paper on my lap and closed my eyes, remembering what had happened many years before, during the Great Depression when my family struggled to make a living on our farm. I, too, had wanted a violin.
When my older twin sisters began showing an interest in music, Harriet Anne learned to play Grandma’s piano, while Suzanne turned to Daddy’s violin. Simple tunes became lovely melodies. My baby brother danced; Daddy hummed and Mother whistled. I just listened.
When my arms grew long enough, I tried to play Suzanne’s violin. Oh, how I wanted one! But I knew it was out of the question.
One evening as the twins played in the school orchestra. I closed my eyes tight to capture the picture firmly in my mind. Someday, I’ll sit up there, I vowed silently.
It was not a good year. At harvest the crops didn’t bring as much as we had hoped. Yet even though times were hard, I couldn’t wait any longer to ask, “Daddy, may I have a violin of my own?”
“Can’t you use Suzanne’s?”
“I’d like to be in the orchestra too, and we can’t both use the same violin at the same time.”
Daddy’s face looked sad. That night, and many following nights, I heard him remind God in our family prayers, “… and Lord, Mary Lou wants her own violin.”
One evening we all sat round the table. The twins and I studied. Mother sewed and Daddy wrote a letter to his friend, George Finkle, in Columbus, Ohio. Mr Finkle, Daddy said, was a fine violinist.
When Daddy received a letter from Columbus a few weeks later, he asked me, “Mary Lou, do you want to go with me to visit Mr Finkle?”
He drove us to Columbus and we came to a fine, old house. A tall man opened the door. He and Daddy heartily shook hands, both talking at once.
“Mary Lou, I’ve been hearing things about you. Your Daddy has arranged a surprise for you!” He picked up a case, opened it, lifted out a violin and started to play. The melody surged and spoke like waterfalls. Oh, to play like him, I thought.
Finishing the piece, he turned to Daddy. “I found it in a pawnshop（当铺）for seven dollars. It’s a good violin. Mary Lou should be able to make a beautiful music with it.” Then he handed the violin to me.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
I noticed the tears in Daddy’s eyes as I finally comprehended. It was mine!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I forced my thoughts to the present and read again the advertisement.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I noticed the tears in Daddy’s eyes as I finally comprehended. It was mine! “It’s beautiful.” I said, barely breathing. I knew Daddy’s prayer, and mine, had been answered. Back home, I practiced daily, feeling no tiredness. When I was ready to join the school orchestra, I trembled with excitement. Daddy and Mother smiled proudly in the audience at their little girl who held her cherished violin for the whole world to admire. The years seemed to run more swiftly then. I packed my violin in its case and stepped into the grown-up world. Nurse’s training, marriage, working, bringing up four daughters filled my years. Yet none of my children cared about the violin.
Paragraph 2:
I forced my thoughts to the present and read again the advertisement. Laying the paper aside, I went to find my violin. And I dialed the number. Later that afternoon, an old car stopped in my driveway. A man in his thirties with a young girl knocked on the door. “I’ve been praying someone would answer my advertisement. My daughter wants a violin so badly.” He said, “How much are you asking?” “Seven dollars,” I said. I handed the case to the girl. She opened the case and touched the violin lightly as it caught the glow of the late-afternoon sun. Then she threw her arms round her smiling father.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者看到报纸上关于希望购买小提琴的广告，回想到自己是如何通过七美金得第一把小提琴的，并在最后把小提琴以七美金卖给小女孩的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我终于明白时，我注意到爸爸眼中的泪水。”可知，第一段可描写我在得到小提琴后激动的心情，以及小提琴对我一生的陪伴。
②由第二段首句内容“我把思绪转移到现在，又看了一遍广告。”可知，第二段可描写我将小提琴以七美金卖给小女孩，以及小女孩得到小提琴的喜悦心情。
2.续写线索：得到小提琴——激动的心情——小提琴对我的陪伴——回到广告——把小提琴卖给小女孩——小女孩的心情
3. 词类激活
行为类
①抚养：bring up/raise
②笑容：smile/laugh
③颤抖：tremble/shake
情感类
①激动：excitement/thrill
②自豪：proudly/insolently
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When I was ready to join the school orchestra, I trembled with excitement.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Laying the paper aside, I went to find my violin.（运用了现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1-5 CABCA 6-10 ABACA 11-15 BCBAB 16-20 BAABC
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