2023届上海市长宁区高三英语一模试卷及答案（不含听力原文）

2023届上海市长宁区高三一模

英 语 试 卷

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. To take a photo.

B. To travel overseas.

C. To adopt a child.

D. To look for a new job.

2. A. Cleaning the kitchen.

B. Drawing a street map.

C. Planning home redecoration.

D. Painting the dining room.

3. A. She will give him the receipt later.

B. The man should make his own copies.

C. The man forgot to make the copies for her.

D. She has not got the man's copies ready.

4. A. She was late for the appointment.

B. She often kept other people waiting.

C. She ran into the man on her way here.

D. She called her friend about the book.

5. A. It was left behind in the hotel.

B. It got badly damaged on the way.

C. It got lost at the Madrid Airport.

D. It failed to arrive at its destination in time.

6. A. He knows his weaknesses.

B. He is highly ambitious.

C. He can't face the situation.

D. He is rather disappointed.

7. A. They are both to blame.

B. They are both easy to please.

C. They can manage to get along.

D. They will make peace in time.

8. A. Practicing a speech contest.

B. Listening to some loud music.

C. Preparing for an oral examination.

D. Talking loudly on the telephone.

9. A. 100% cotton pants in dark blue.

B. Fashionable pants in bright colors.

C. Grey pants made of pure cotton.

D. Something to match her brown pants.

10. A. She is known to have a terrific figure.

B. She must have paid a lot for the gym.

C. Her gym exercise has achieved good results.

D. Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. Their totally new looks.

B. His own similar background.

C. Their varied life stories.

D. His dream of becoming famous.

12. A. By training hairstylists in about 15 countries.

B. By posting photos with stories on social media.

C. By offering free services to street animals as well.

D. By leading the homeless to do something for nothing.

13. A. Living conditions of the homeless.

B. An Internet celebrity hairdresser.

C. Experiences of sharing photos online.

D. Acts of kindness to the homeless.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. They feature in British rural cultural life.

B. They are responsible for the traffic around schools.

C. They help pupils cross streets in the neighborhood.

D. They are dressed in red with large yellow sticks on head.

15. A. She was suspected of theft.

B. She could not find her way home.

C. She was mentally disabled.

D. She would be taken to court for trial.

16. A. Why Linda was removed from her duty.

B. How Michael helped a sick stranger.

C. What Michael needed to make public.

D. Where Linda was found in trouble.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. Signing up members.

B. Organizing protests.

C. Acting as its spokesman.

D. Saving endangered animals.

18. A. Anti-nuclear campaigns.

B. Removing industrial waste.

C. Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floor.

D. Anti- animal-abuse demonstrations.

19. A. By engaging in violence.

B. By disturbing them.

C. By appealing to the public.

D. By taking legal action.

20. A. Reserved.

B. Uninterested.

C. Doubtful.

D. Supportive.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Living your best life

It was a bright spring morning in a suburban Rochester, New York, neighborhood. Three young men, (21)______ hearts were full of excitement, were preparing for a road trip across the United States. It would be the adventure of a life time. I was one of those young men. For my friends and (22) ______, going on a cross- country trip was at the top our bucket lists!

A bucket list simply lists things you want to see, try or accomplish (23) ______ your lifetime. But it's not something simple like learning to ride a bike or passing a math test. You need to dream big! (24) ______ this may not sound practical, it's a good mental exercise and a lot of fun. The sky is the limit! Why? Because making a bucket list can push you to do something extraordinary!

Making a bucket list can also help you get in touch with your values. People live busy lives, so it's easy to get (25) ______ (trap) in life's daily routines. But taking time to chew over (26) ______ you really want from life can help you get a fresh perspective.

If you're ready to start making your own bucket list, you first need to decide what to put on it. You could make a list of unusual things you'd like to do, such as doing (27) ______ underwater photo shoot as a mermaid (美人鱼). If you love animals, you could put a trip to Tokyo (28) ______ (visit) a night bird cafe on your list.

What's on my list? Well, since I fancy (29) ______ (look) into the night sky, I want to spend a few nights in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. If the skies are clear, I would have a view of the whole Milky Way Galaxy! Now it's your turn. What strikes your fancy? You (30) ______(not) discover what you are capable of until you dream BIG.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Danger in the desert

That day we were deep in Chile's Atacama Desert. There the 31_____ could often be compared to Mars. Our team of four female microbiologists watched as a car full of curious men pulled up beside us. Because we were strangers in a(n) 32_____ place, our minds immediately jumped to ways we could protect ourselves. So, 33_____ our Chilean fellow guide lifted the strong tool she'd been using to dig up plant roots. The rest of us tried to look braver than we felt.

We had come to this desert to conduct DNA studies on giant horsetails that somehow grow well in one of Earth's driest places. We were searching for plants in the most remote locations, where they would be 34_____ by human activities such as mining and agriculture.

We'd been warned that the trip could be dangerous. Because we were traveling so far from fuel sources, we were told to take along a can of gas. Our destination was at the end of a(n) 35_____ single-lane dirt road lined with burned-out vehicles that had not successfully negotiated the steep downslope. Our sample site was near a village, and the people might not, we were told, 36_____ positively to us. We were instructed to report our travel plans at the nearest police station so that search parties would know where to look for us if we disappeared.

We had found the amazing plants and their bright green stocks 37_____ over our heads. They aroused the 38_____ of ancient wetland plants. The men approached as we finished collecting our samples. We waited tensely as a man 39_____ the car and walked toward us. To our surprise and relief, he politely invited us to visit their village- they wanted to show us a lovely church of which they were proud. That day, we learned about more than the microbiomes that help desert plants grow well. We also met a(n) 40_____ community who had likewise beautifully adapted to their challenging home.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Beside pencil sharpeners and calendars in classrooms throughout Minnesota's Lakeville Area Schools, there are now big blue boxes with a red button and the word POLICE. The button sends a text message to emergency correspondents, alerts the rest of the school to potential danger, and 41_____ 1 ,200 pounds of magnetic (磁性的) force to keep the door shut.

It's one of the measures that Michael Baumann has employed to 42_____ the schools in his district and protect against active shooters since he became supervisor in 2017. He hired four more advisers to improve mental-health services. He established a team to monitor 43_____ threats of violence. He spent $14.4 million installing the emergency-alert system and building panels into walls that are designed to stop bullets- all 44_____ helping students and teachers survive an active shooter.

"Everybody goes to bed and thinks, 'That'll never happen in my school district.' Well, I can tell you as a supervisor, that's the 45_____ dream," says Baumann, who previously served in the Army. “I felt like it was my 46_____ to do what I could."

Fear of shootings has turned school security into a 47_____ industry. The market for school-security equipment and services reached $2.7 billion in 2017, according to a report by the research firm Omdia. That was before the 2018 shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla, further increased the focus on security measures at schools.

The school shooting in Uvalde, Texas, on May 24 this year has restarted the discussion about whether safety measures at schools can 48_____ mass shootings. And many politicians, after indicating that they are 49_____ to support gun-safety lawmaking, have argued instead that heightened physical security measures are necessary to prevent future attacks.

50_____, experts say it's not clear that such measures actually make schools safer. Research shows that the number of deadly shootings at schools has increased since 2012, during a period in which protective measures also 51_____. There also isn't clear evidence that school resource officers (SROs) improve safety. SROs were in Uvalde and in Parkland before the gunmen entered the schools, but failed to stop those shootings.

“When we add metal detectors, observation cameras, increased police presence, active -shooter drills, and we turn schools into this mix of castles and 53_____,” says Bryan Warnick, an education professor at Ohio State University.

Although many school districts invest in security in the hopes of preventing shootings, some worry that reinforcing schools ultimately makes_ 54_ responsible for solving the gun-violence outbreak.

“Schools are 55_____ with trainings and new procedures," Warnick says. “It's a larger social problem of easy access to guns, of lack of access to mental-health care."

41. A. reserves  B. sustains   C. activates   D. balances

42. A. construct  B. harden   C. reopen   D. finance

43. A. potential  B. immediate   C. mental   D. empty

44. A. stood for  B. depended on  C. referred to   D. aimed at

45. A. vivid   B. horrible   C. curious   D. foolish

46. A. responsibility B. freedom   C. instruction   D. recreation

47. A. state-run  B. high-tech   C. booming   D. domestic

48. A. monitor  B. witness   C. maintain   D. cease

49. A. reluctant  B. supposed   C. delighted   D. regretful

50. A. Instead   B. However   C. Meanwhile   D. Therefore

51. A. relaxed   B. withdrew   C. expanded   D. survived

52. A. on the scene B. behind time  C. at a loss   D. in return

53. A. hospitals  B. prisons   C. police station  D. fire department

54. A. markets  B. communities  C. psychologists  D. educators

55. A. secured tightly      B. supported greatly 

C. turned upside down     D. reformed more or less

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

“It's a windy day in Laguna San Ignacio, and the waves seem to come from all directions," said Sara Clemence in Bloomberg Businessweek. My children and I are riding on a 18-foot boat- small enough that we can reach down into the water if a gray whale swims up alongside. And then we see what we've come for: a heart-shaped shower of water and a dark mass rushing below it. As instructed, we splash (溅泼) the water strongly to signal the huge whale, which turns out to be a mother with her weeks-old baby. The baby soon swims beneath our boat, emerges to blow mist in my face, then 'lies onto its side like a 2-ton puppy." Learning

down, I touched its skin gently. “It feels electric. Also, a bit like petting a hard-boiled egg."

San Ignacio is one of very few places where a person can pet a whale. The whales come each year to the coast of Baja California to give birth and to mate. If you're lucky, you can "shake hands with a leathery fin (鰭)” or even “plant a kiss on a cold, salty cheek." I usually worry about such interactions, because wild creatures can become deeply stressed by human contact. But boat numbers are strictly limited in these protected waters. And any whale that approaches a boat does so on its own terms. Like that baby whale: “We see him a few times, and he seems to like being petted and splashed."

So we are two species, connecting through touch, but also through eye contact: “More than once, after nosing around our boat, a young gray turns on its side so one dark, baseball-size eye is looking up at us." Whalers used to call gray whales “devil fish" because these magnificent creatures turn violent when threatened--“or, say, when their babies are harmed." That makes it feel even more of a blessing when, on our third day there, a large mama whale approaches the boat. “I'm splashing when I feel her nose press up into my hand." Though she's “wiser and apparently more alert" than her child," she still decides to trust us."

56. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. The writer was on a whale-touching trip.

B. The writer's boat went down with a huge wave.

C. The baby whale splashed water all over the writer.

D. The mother whale's skin felt as hard as a boiled egg.

57. By “does so on its own terms" (in paragraph 2), the writer means whales in San Ignacio are _______.

A. mad with too many visitors

B. ready for hands- on attention

C. restricted in swimming routes

D. enclosed in their safety zones

58. Gray whales got the name of “devil fish" from their _______.

A. strange appearance

B. inborn violence

C. surprisingly enormous size

D. fierceness in danger

59. The writer's implied purpose in the passage is to

A. popularize the knowledge of whales

B. show admiration for whales' motherhood

C. share an experience of the sea voyage

D. advocate harmony between man and nature

(B)

60. By ... and it was designed with you in mind", the writer most probably means that the wow Computer is _______.

A. designed by seniors with great minds

B. designed for seniors without enough brains

C. tailored specially to the elderly's needs

D. made to ease the elderly's financial burdens

61. Mary, a 77-year-old lady with poor eye-sight, decides to buy a wow Computer most probably for all the reasons except that _______.

A. it can even read emails to the users

B. it has a 22-inch hi-resolution screen

C. it has hundreds of online games to choose from

D. its buttons are easy to see and understand

62. Which of the following is the selling point of the WOW Computer?

A. Low-charge Software updates.

B. No put- together task.

C. Lightning-fast Microsoft processors.

D. Discounted introductory price.

(C)

In the film Inside Out, l1-year-old Riley's emotions are personified as brightly colored internal figures that drive her behaviors. The same five emotions- anger, fear, disgust (憎恶), sadness, and joy- appear in every other character's head as well, functioning in much the same way in each individual. In Western cultures, this is the case, argues psychologist Batja Mesquita in Between Us. Emotions in such contexts, she writes, are considered “MINE," or “Mental, inside the person, and Essentialist," the latter defined in the book as always having the same properties.

This conception of emotion is not universal, however. Emotions elsewhere, she argues, are thought of as “OURS"-“outside the person, Relational, and Situated." Using this distinction, Mesquita sets about contrasting emotions in “the West," where the individual is the top concern, with “the Rest," where community is prioritized.

Mesquita describes amae as a central emotion in Japanese culture, where it builds interdependence by encouraging tolerance in parenting process. She describes hasham- -which includes shame, embarrassment, and social respectability- as a fundamental emotion for Egyptian Bedouins (游牧人). Such observations provide a background for her to explore a range of issues, including childhood socialization, the nature of friendship, the role of language in shaping emotions, and cross-cultural communication in a globalized world.

Despite Mesquita's emphasis on cross-cultural emotions, there is lttle discussion of whether the MINE-OURS dichotomy (二分法) accurately explains global cultural variation. Other scholars have noted, for example, that hunter-gatherer societies at the same time emphasize both individual self-government and social cooperation. And in an apparent contradiction to her earlier arguments, Mesquita herself ultimately concludes that Westerners have OURS emotions.

Taken as a whole, however, the book contributes much to the discussion of the origins of emotions, presenting a remarkable collection of cross-cultural studies intermixed with personal stories about foreign residents' struggles to reunite diverse emotional and social worlds. In chapter 8, for example, Mesquita describes an incident where she- a Dutch native living in the United States- bumped into the famous American psychologist Hazel Markus at a conference Markus helped organize. Wishing to express understanding of Markus's workload, Mesquita declared “You look a little tired." The remark appeared to make Markus nervous and confused but was intended as an expression of sympathy- to sympathize in Dutch is to acknowledge suffering, not offer comfort as in the US.

The book's take-home message is fundamental: There are no natural emotions, no inborn emotions, no universal emotions. Mesquita argues that emotions are “meaning making" and “a preparation for action" and that the idea of “emotions as inner states" is a Western construct. Instead, she suggests that emotions are a “dance" cocreated between people who live in a specific cultural context at a particular historical moment.

63. In Between Us, Mesquita indicates that _______.

A. the Japanese build kids' emotion of shame in parenting

B. MINE-OURS dichotomy is the very cause of cross-cultural emotions

C. emotions outside “the West" are considered community-centered

D. hunter-gatherers have both emotions of “OURS" and “MINE"

64. We can infer from the incident in paragraph 5 that _______.

A. the emotion of sympathy is to offer help in Dutch culture

B. foreign residents from different cultures usually unite as one

C. as Dutch Mesquita shows her personality of warmth and caring

D. cross-cultural emotional exchanges probably cause misunderstanding

65. What is Mesquita's main argument about emotions in her book?

A. Family education hardly influences one's emotions.

B. Sociocultural contexts largely contribute to emotions.

C. Western people's emotions have no properties of OURS.

D. Internal factors play a vital role in shaping how we feel.

66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. The cultural landscape of emotions

B. The cultural origin of emotions

C. The cultural convention of emotions

D. The cultural shock of emotions

Section C

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Robots that serve

Robots used to be found only in science fiction. In the 1960s, the animated (动画片的) space-age family the Jetsons had a robotic maid who could do household tasks. In the 2014 movie Big Hero 6, the robot Baymax could diagnose and heal illnesses instantly. 67______ In the field of medicine, robot patients help train doctors and nurses by pretending they have a variety of health conditions. Now robots are finding a home in the food service industry.

The globally spread disease and resulting economic crisis have created a lack of restaurant workers. Since restaurants don't have enough workers, the remaining staff must work harder. 68______ Some businesspersons are lending a hand- a robotic hand- -in the form of server robots. These robots are not exactly modeled after Rosey, the Jetsons' robotic household servant, but they are pretty clever and very cute.

Server robots come in several different varieties. Many have a design that looks like a rolling cart. One model named Bella even has a cute cat-like face. Many are fairly short and shaped like R2D2 of Star Wars fame. They are designed to deliver dishes to customers in a restaurant. They are also just the right height for customers to easily reach them. They can not only deliver delicious food to hungry customers, but also get back dirty dishes at the end of the meal.

70______ Concerning the price, a server robot costs from a few thousand to several thousand dollars. And in 2021, a restaurant even rented one for as low as US$15 per day. Regarding safety, special sensors on the robots keep them from crashing into customers. Because there aren't enough restaurant workers, filling positions with these robotic servers is a no-brainer. Don't be surprised if you see one rolling up to your table soon.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.

Men may eat more in summer

Winter may be seen as the time to fill up with food, but in fact, sunny summer months are when men eat more calories- unlike women.

The effect seems to occur because sunlight makes the skin release an appetite-stimulating hormone (激素), says Carmit Levy at Tel Aviv University in Israel. Levy and her colleagues noticed the effect in experiments in mice, in which male animals exposed to UV light (紫外线) ate more food.

To see if humans do the same, the team used data on about 3000 people who had filled in questionnaires as part of the Israeli government's national health and nutrition survey. Between March and September, the men consumed about 17 per cent more calories per day than they did during the rest of the year, while the women's food intake stayed about the same.

Human appetite is influenced by many complex systems, but a substance called ghrelin, a hormone produced in the body that stimulates appetite, seems to be the only hormone that directly stimulates eating. It was thought to be mainly produced by the stomach when empty. “It tells the brain to eat more," says Caroline Gorvin at the University of Birmingham, UK.

Further investigation revealed that exposing male mice to UVB (紫外线B段波) radiation, which is present in sunlight, raised levels of ghrelin production by fat cells in their skin. This was blocked by the female sex hormone, which may explain why the effect wasn't seen in the female mice or the women. Boosted ghrelin production was also seen in men's skin samples that were exposed to UV light in the lab.

Skin hasn't previously been thought to play a role in appetite, says Gorvin. The reason for the effect is unclear, but it may be an adaptive response to fuel greater physical activity in summer, says Levy.

V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72.用过的竹筷可以制成风格独特的地板。(make)

73.妈妈把雨伞放在门口，以便女儿离家时记得带走。(in order that)

74.玛丽就是想给其他在场的人以勇气，让他们不顾重重困难，继续实现自己的梦想。(regardless)

75.据说不管老师怎么热情鼓励，小明就是不敢再坐上那个让他摔了一跤的秋千。(It)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120- 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假设你是明启中学的高三学生李华。学校为了帮助学生减压，拟从以下三种形式中选择其一:午睡三十分钟，设立“音乐角"和开设瑜伽(Yoga)课程。现听取全校学生的意见。请给负责的王老师写封邮件，内容须包括:

1)你的选择;

2)你的理由。

参考答案

I. Listening Comprehension

1. B  2. C  3. D  4.A  5. D  6. A  7.A  8. B  9. C  10. C

11.C  12. B 13.D  14. C 15.D  16. A 17. B 18.A  19. B              20. D

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

21. whose

22. me/myself

23. within/in/during

24. While/Although/Though

25. trapped

26. what

27. an

28. to visit

29. looking

30. cannot/can't/won't

31. D 32. I  33.A  34.H  35.K  36.E  37. G 38. F              39.B                            40. J

II. Reading Comprehension

41.C  42. B 43.A  44. D 45.B  46.A  47. C 48. D 49.A                            50.B.

51.C  52. A 53.B  54. D 55.C  56. A 57. B 58.D  59. D              60. C

61.C  62.B  63.C  64. D 65. B 66. A 67. C 68.D  69. F              70. B

IV. Summary Writing

Skin may affect men's appetite. Experiments on mice and human skin samples reveal that exposure to UV light causes more production of ghrelin, an appetite-stimulating hormone, in male skin, but not in female skin thanks to their sex hormone. That may explain why men, not women, eat more for physical activities in summer sunlight. (54 words)

V. Translation

72. Used bamboo chopsticks can be made into floorboards with a unique style.

73. Mother left the umbrella at the door in order that her daughter would remember to take it with her when leaving home.

74. Mary just wanted to give the others 1 the other people present the courage to carry on with their dreams regardless of difficulties.

75. It is said that no matter how warmly the teacher encouraged Xiao Ming, he dared not sit on the swing, from which / where he once fell down.

VI. Guided Writing

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