2023年中考二轮复习化学常考物质关系转化图课件PPT

这是一份2023年中考二轮复习化学常考物质关系转化图课件PPT，共34页。PPT课件主要包含了盐化肥，核心物质转化关系图，空气氧气，碳和碳的氧化物，自然界的水，金属与金属矿物，铁和铁的化合物，铜和铜的化合物等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、 酸 碱 中和反应
核心物质转化关系图 （常见酸和碱）
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写出对应的化学方程式（“—”表示物质间相互反应，“→”表示由一种物质生成另一种物质）：
AgNO3 +HCl === AgCl↓ +HNO3
2HCl + CaCO3 === CaCl2 +H2O +CO2↑
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Fe +2HCl === FeCl2 +H2↑
Fe +H2SO4 === FeSO4 +H2↑
2HCl +Ca(OH)2 === CaCl2 +2H2O
Fe2O3 +6HCl === 2FeCl3 +3H2O
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Na2CO3 +2HCl === 2NaCl +H2O +CO2↑
H2SO4 +BaCl2 === 2HCl + BaSO4↓
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Ca (OH) 2 +Na2CO3 === CaCO3↓ +2NaOH
Na2CO3 +H2SO4 === Na2SO4 +H2O +CO2↑
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Ca (OH) 2 + CO2 === CaCO3 ↓+ H2O
Na2CO3 + Ba (OH) 2 === 2NaOH + BaCO3↓
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2NaOH +CO2 === Na2CO3 +H2O
Fe2O3 +3H2SO4 === Fe2 (SO4) 3 +3H2O
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H2SO4 +2NaOH === Na2SO4 +2H2O
H2SO4 +CuO === CuSO4 +H2O
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写出对应的化学方程式（“—”表示物质间相互反应，“→”表示一种物质生成另一种物质）：
2NaOH +CuSO4 === Cu (OH) 2↓ +Na2SO4
写出对应的化学方程式（“—”表示物质间相互反应，“→”表示由一种物质可生成另一种物质）：①_________________________________
Na2CO3 +CaCl2 === 2NaCl +CaCO3↓
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CaCO3 +2HCl === CaCl2 +CO2↑ +H2O
Na2CO3 +2HCl === 2NaCl +CO2↑ +H2O
Na2CO3 +Ca(OH)2 === CaCO3↓ +2NaOH
Ca(OH)2 +2HCl === CaCl2 +2H2O
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Ca(OH)2 +CO2 === CaCO3↓ +H2O
2NaOH +CO2 === Na2CO3 +H2O
Na2CO3 +BaCl2 === 2NaCl +BaCO3↓
2NaOH +CuCl2 === 2NaCl +Cu(OH)2↓
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Ca(OH)2 +CuSO4 === CaSO4 +Cu(OH)2↓
2NaOH +CuSO4 === Na2SO4 +Cu(OH)2↓
CaCl2 +2AgNO3 === 2AgCl↓ +Ca(NO3)2
NaCl +AgNO3 === AgCl↓ +NaNO3
核心物质转化关系图 （O2）
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4Al+3O2=== 2Al2O3
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核心物质转化关系图 （CO2）
写出对应的化学方程式（“—”表示物质间相互反应，“→”表示由一种物质可生成另一种物质）：
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核心物质转化关系图 （H2O）
1. 有水参加的化学反应：
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2. 有水生成的化学反应：
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①_____________________________________②Fe 与 O2、H2O 同时接触生锈
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Fe+H2SO4=== FeSO4+H2↑
Fe+CuCl2=== FeCl2+Cu
FeCl2+Zn === ZnCl2+Fe
FeSO4+BaCl2 === FeCl2+BaSO4↓
Fe2O3+6HCl=== 2FeCl3+3H2O
FeSO4+Mg === MgSO4 + Fe
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Fe(OH)3+3HCl === FeCl3+3H2O
FeCl3 +3NaOH === 3NaCl+Fe(OH)3↓
Fe2(SO4)3+6NaOH===3Na2SO4+2Fe(OH)3↓
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Fe2O3+3H2SO4=== Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O
Fe2(SO4)3+3BaCl2=== 2FeCl2+3BaSO4↓
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2Fe(OH)3 +3H2SO4 === Fe2(SO4)3+6H2O
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Cu+2AgNO3 === Cu(NO3)2+2Ag
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Fe+Cu(NO3)2 === Fe(NO3)2+Cu
Fe+CuSO4 === Cu+FeSO4
CuO+H2SO4 === CuSO4 +H2O
CuO+2HCl === CuCl2 + H2O
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Fe+CuCl2 === Cu+FeCl2
Cu(OH)2+H2SO4 === Cu SO4 +2H2O
CuSO4+2NaOH=== Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2↓
Cu(OH)2+2HCl=== CuCl2+2H2O
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CuCl2+2NaOH === 2NaCl+Cu(OH)2↓