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高中英语高考第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第2册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists课件PPT
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这是一份高中英语高考第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第2册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists课件PPT，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了STEP 1，课前自主预习，STEP 2，课堂考点突破，STEP 3，课后综合运用，STEP ONE，教材词汇要记牢，词汇句型·记牢，Ⅳ核心短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
内容索引 /NEI RONG SUO YIN
1.frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的2.germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌3.pump n.泵；抽水机；打气筒4.epidemilgy n.流行病学5.vaccine n.疫苗6.aerspace n.航空航天工业
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
7.patritic adj.爱国的8.cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的9.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)10.husehld n.一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人11.interventin n.介入；出面；干涉12.raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的13.pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的14.statistic n.[pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学15.micrscpe n.显微镜16.prtein n.蛋白质
17.cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房18.virus n.病毒19.framewrk n.框架；结构20.cast vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷21.rainbw n.彩虹22.cncrete n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的23.mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工24.astrnmer n.天文学家25.telescpe n.望远镜
26.mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的27.aviatin n.航空制造业；航空；飞行28.jet n.喷气式飞机29.missile n.导弹30.trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹31.steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的32.astrnmy n.天文学33.furthermre adv.此外；再者
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1.severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2.multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的3.suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象4.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责5.handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
6.link n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联7.decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低8.transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变9.thinking n.思想；思维；见解10.finding n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决11.slid adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体
12.shadw n.阴影；影子；背光处13.pur vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)14.leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能15.utstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的16.abstract adj.抽象的；理性的 n.(文献等的)摘要
17.cncept n.概念；观念18.besides prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外19.brilliant adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的20.fault n.弱点；过错21.shift n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向22.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1.infectin n.感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染2.prf n.证据；证明；检验→prve vt.证明 link v.证明是3.substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的→substance n.物质；物品；事实根据4.initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.起初
5.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defence n.防御；保卫6.assistant n.助理；助手→assist vt.帮助；协助→assistance n.帮助；协助；援助7.gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n.礼物；天赋
1.nce and fr all最终地；彻底地2.subscribe t同意；赞同3.thanks t幸亏；由于4.break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发5.in charge f主管；掌管6.cme dwn患(病)；染上(小病)7.abve all最重要的是；尤其是
1.idim n.习语；成语2.ignre vt.忽视3.illegal adj.非法的；不合法的4.immediately adv.立即 5.immigratin n.移民 6.imprt vt.&n.进口；输入 7.impressin n.印象；感觉 8.incrrect adj.不正确的；错误的
1.Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。2.He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现尤其在两条街道上的霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
3.Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。4.Brn in Hangzhu in 1911，Qian attended schls in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jia Tng University t study Railway Mechanical Engineering.钱学森1911年出生于杭州，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。5.He was willing t say what thers were afraid t say，and t dream f what thers were afraid t dream abut.他愿意说出别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)
1.frustrated adv.___________
懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
稳定的；平稳的；稳步的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共32分)
8.______ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的9.________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的10._______ vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象11.______ vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责12.______ n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
13.____ n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联14._________ vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变15._____ adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体16._______ n.阴影；影子；背光处17._____ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)18.___________ adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的
19._______ n.概念；观念20._______ prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外21.________ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的22._____ n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向23._____ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
24.________ n.感染；传染→______ vt.使感染；传染25._____ n.证据；证明；检验→______ vt.证明 link v.证明是26.______ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→________ adv.起初
27._______ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→______________ n.防御；保卫28.________ n.助理；助手→_____ vt.帮助；协助→_________ n.帮助；协助；援助29.______ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→____ n.礼物；天赋
defense/defence
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
30.______ vt.忽视31.illegal vt.&n.进口；输入 34.__________ n.印象；感觉
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
35.______________最终地；彻底地36.___________同意；赞同37._________幸亏；由于38._________(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发39.___________主管；掌管40._________最重要的是；尤其是
nce and fr all
subscribe t
in charge f
1.Judging frm what he said，I __________ him t be the thief stealing my electric by his teacher，the by was frustrated and culdn’t cncentrate n his study.3.I’m ld enugh t ________ my wn affairs withut my parents’ number f new students in this schl __________ frm 2,100 t 1,600 this year.
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共9分)
5.Years f hard wrk ____________ the yung man int a pr weak ld ___________(同意) t the view that children can benefit frm being is knwn t us all，Lang Lang is a _______(有天赋的) pianist and attracts lts f attentin at hme and thught it wuld make a difference in helping him step ut f the _______(阴影) f that impressed me mst was his _____(生动的) descriptin f what happened just nw.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共8分)
10.With slid ______，the lawyer can certainly _______ that he is inncent.(prve)11.________，I entirely knew abut the _______ steps they tk t create a better campus.(initial) 12.The traveler may fire at a wild beast in ________________(defend) f himself in case he is ，an _______，came t my _________；that is t say，he _______ me in finishing the impssible task n time.(assist)
defence/defense
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
14.如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。(until引导的时间状语从句)If yu dn’t understand smething，yu may research，study and talk t ther peple ____________________.15.每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。()Keeping a learning diary every day is _______________________________________________.
until yu figure it ut
s imprtant that I wuld like t
intrduce it t yu
16.我需要一个新护照，因此我得照张照片。(have sth. dne)I need a new passprt，s I will have t ________________________.17.由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。(过去分词短语作状语)___________________，Jhn didn’t ntice evening appraching.18.我们老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。(宾语从句)Our teachers always tell us t believe ________________________ if we want t succeed.
have my phtgraph taken
Absrbed in painting
what we d and wh we are
Jhn Snw became 1.__________(frustrate) when a severe chlera hit Eurpe in the early 19th century.At that time n ne knew 2.____ t prevent r treat ，he never lst his desire t destry chlera nce and fr all.After much research，Snw subscribed t the thery that chlera 4.__________(cause) by an 5.________(infect) frm germs in fd r water.Snw began by 6._________(mark) n a map the exact places where all thse wh died had lived.As 7.__ result，
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Jhn Snw was able t annunce that the pump water 8._______(carry) chlera (accrding)，he had the handle f the pump 10.________(remve) s that it culd nt be used.Thrugh this interventin，the disease was defeated.
The fllwing are tw great scientists.Qian Xuesen，a Chinese with “great scientific thught and scientific spirit”，was patritic and served his hmeland with effrt，achievement and devtin.He realised that China urgently needed its wn air frce t 1._______ the cuntry.S he returned t China in 1955 and was put 2.____________ nt nly develping China’s rcket science but als its space and missile prgramme. Under Qian’s 3.______________，China achieved a lt in bth aspects.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
What made Stephen Hawking frm the USA distinguished was that he was the champin f the big bang thery，which hlds that the universe began at a single pint in time and space.Nt nly was he 4.________ but als he was brave t admit his ，there is n dubt that bth Qian Xuesen and Stephen Hawking are utstanding scientists.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
写出下列句子中subscribe t的汉语意思(1)He subscribes t the view that we can tackle the severe prblem in this way nce and fr all. ___________(2)This is the schl yur father subscribed t generusly in the past._____(3)Using the mney I earned in the hliday，I have subscribed t several magazines recently. _____
subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
subscribe t同意；赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸)
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)我们所有人都赞成这个观点，好的亲子关系是基于相互理解和尊重的。(应用文之人际关系)__________________________ that a gd parent-children relatinship is based n mutual understanding and respect.
All f us subscribe t the view
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He blamed his wife ____ the failure f their marriage.(2)He blamed the failure f their marriage ___ his wife.(3)In his view，his wife is __________(blame) fr the failure f their marriage.
blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.指责；责备
be t blame (fr sth. ) (对某事)负有责任，应受责备blame sb. fr sth. 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人blame sth. n sb. /sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(4)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(写作话题之人际交往)When getting alng with thers，we shuldn’t always ______________________.After all，many times ______________.S instead f ______________，we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers’ place.
blame thers fr
we are t blame
(1)The law allws peple t defend themselves _____________ a charge.(2)She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if __ defence.
defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
frm/against
• (ding...) 保护……免受……defend neself自卫；为自己辩护•defence n.防御；保卫in defence (f) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护in ne’s defence为某人辩护
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)①Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed ___________ his sn like an arrw.(defend)②Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed _____________ his sn like an arrw.(defence)
in defence f
写出下列句子中charge的汉语意思(1)The utstanding scientist is in charge f handling the matter. _____(2)I will charge yu ne hundred yuan fr repairing yur cellphne._____(3)The plice charged the thief with stealing raw materials in the cmpany._____(4)The kind-hearted mechanic helped charge my phne. ___________
in charge f负责/掌管(表状态)
•charge n.费用；主管；看管；责任 v.收费；控诉；要价；指控；充电•in the charge f由……来负责；被……掌管take charge f负责/看管(表动作)free f charge免费•charge (sb. ) fr sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价charge sb. with (ding) sth. 指控某人(做)某事
(5)作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。(应用文之活动安排)①As chairman f the Student Assciatin，I was appinted t ________________________________________ during yur stay in Tianjin.(take charge f)②As chairman f the Student Assciatin，I was appinted t ________________________________________ during yur stay in Tianjin.(in charge f)
charge f arranging all the activities
cme dwn (with...)染上；得了(……病)
cme acrss(偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解cme abut发生(无被动形式)cme n加油；到来；得了吧cme ut出版；结果是；(花)开放when it cmes t...当谈及……cme up走近；上来；被提及cme up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)
能力提升——根据句意用cme短语的正确形式填空
(1)Please tell me hw the accident ___________.(2)My assistant’s first nvel _________，which made me prud f him.(3)________________ English learning，I have the fllwing practical suggestins t share.Firstly，when yu ____________ unfamiliar wrds，dn’t always refer t the dictinary.Furthermre，when teachers’ questins _________ in class，yu shuld try t _____________ answers. Lastly，if yu fail，yu must say t yurself，“________！”(应用文之建议信)
When it cmes t
cme up with
abve all最重要的是；首先
after all毕竟；终究first f all首先；第一all in all整体说来；总而言之in all全部；合计at all(否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
能力提升——根据句意用all短语的正确形式填空
(1)The university I recmmend t yu is Beijing Language and Culture University.___________________，yu’d better learn sme basic Chinese befre yu cme.__________，yu will be under cmpletely unfamiliar circumstances._________，studying fr a degree in a different culture is nt easy _____.(应用文之推荐信)(2)Thanks t yur timely help，I managed t handle fur prblems ____.
First f all/Abve all
until引导的时间状语从句Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
•画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成结构。•倒装结构：部分倒装“Nt until＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语动词”。•强调结构：It is/was nt until＋时间从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
能力提升——完美写作·单句写作/一句多译·背诵
(1)我将一直努力直到实现梦想。_____________________________________(2)直到我经历了这场事故，我才明白坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)①I wasn’t aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened ____________________________.②__________________________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(倒装句)③________________________________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(强调句)
I will keep trying until I realize my dream.
until I experienced the accident
Nt until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was nt until I experienced the accident that I was aware that
discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现尤其在两条街道上的霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
(1)This is ____ abstract a cncept that we can’t understand it.＝This is _____ an abstract cncept that we can’t understand it.(2)Mzart was ___ gifted in music that he cmpsed many utstanding wrks.(3)They are _____ little bys and eat ___ little fd that we all lve them very much.
引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”•句型的常见形式：s＋adj./adv.＋＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.＋that...•句型的常见形式：such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...•当s/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
(4)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉自己舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)①He was ______________ he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.②_____________________ he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写)
s nervus that
S nervus was he that
have sth. dneAccrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
(1)Our math teacher had us _________(hand) in ur hmewrk befre 9 p.m every day.(2)Dn’t wrry.I’ll have the article ______(type) and get smene t send it t yu tmrrw.(3)He culd nt have her ________(get) away with telling peple lies.
have sth. dne使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事have sb. d sth. 让某人做某事have sb. /sth. ding sth. 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态can’t have sb. ding sth. 不能容忍某人做某事have sth. t d有事要做
(4)我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)We began t help pick peaches and then ____________________________________________.(5)既然你已经意识到你的时间是有限的，你必须更加努力学习以实现自己的目标。Nw that yu have realized that yur time is limited，______________________________________________.
had them delivered t the
farmers’ huses
yu must study
harder t have yur gal achieved
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.The research lacks slid prf，and therefre，its cnclusins are dubtful. ________2.It’s my turn t be n the night shift. _____
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅱ.一词多义练——清除阅读障碍
A.vt.处理 B.v.操纵 C.n.把手 D.vt.(用手)触、碰、拿
1.Dn’t handle the vase as if it were made f steel. ____ 2.Driving a car is nt just handling cntrls and judging speed and distance. ____ 3.Tea in China was traditinally drunk frm cups withut handles. ____ 4.We must learn t handle cnflicts calmly and wisely. ____
Ⅲ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.It is said that if yu are infected by the virus，yu can get treated free ____ charge.2.I have t say ____ her defence that she shuldn’t be suspected f cmmitting the listened，_______(shift) nervusly frm ne ft t anther.(读后续写之紧张心理描写)4.When she saw her effrts paid ff，tears f happiness ________(pur) dwn Jane’s cheeks.(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)
5.What made the assistant annyed was that he _____________(suspect) f stealing his can be great when yu are nt busy finding fault _____ ，the utstanding astrnmer came dwn _____ a severe is linked _______ cnfidence，self-respect and ，all f them __________(subscribe) t my plan，but later they changed their f them blamed the mistake ____ me，which made me quite frustrated.
was suspected
Ⅳ.写作增分练——提升语用能力(应用文之道歉信)1.我非常抱歉，在回家的路上弄丢了你的词典。(have sth. dne)__________________________________________________2.我是如此羞愧，以至于我晚上都睡不好。(的倒装句)__________________________________________________3.直到我把词典找回来，我才会感觉舒服。(的强调句型)_____________________________________________________________
I’m srry t have yur dictinary lst n my way hme.
S ashamed was I that I culdn’t sleep well at night.
It was nt until I gt the dictinary back that I wuld feel cmfrtable.
4.但是，我没有找到词典，我既沮丧又失望。(过去分词短语作状语)_______________________________________________________5.现在我必须做的是我给你买一本全新的词典以表达我的歉意。(what引导的主语从句；that引导的表语从句)_________________________________________________________________________________
But I didn’t find the dictinary，frustrated and disappinted.
Nw what I must d is that I will buy yu a brand-new dictinary t express my aplgy.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：表语从句)
blame，in charge f，link，cme dwn，handle，decrease
Since the severe COVID-19 brke ut，many peple all ver the wrld have been infected.Chinese utstanding，gifted and patritic specialists in epidemilgy and their assistants have been 1.___________ tracing the surce f the virus in rder t defend mre peple frm being killed.They desired t prduce vaccine t 2.______ the deadly disease nce and fr all.
Initially，with cncrete prf cllected，they suspected that wild bats were t by bserving the virus with micrscpes，they gathered slid and multiple statistics and mastered the framewrk f the virus，which gradually transfrmed their initial thinking.All the findings made them subscribe t the idea that the virus was nt directly 4._______ t the bats，which made the brilliant experts frustrated.This als cast a shadw n the experts，s they had t shift twards hw t prevent the virus frm spreading amng peple.Abve all，the less we g ut，
the less likely we will 5.__________ with the deadly disease.Furthermre，taking in less prtein and eating mre vegetables are gd chices as well.Last but nt least，what we shuld d is that we must wear masks utdrs.Thanks t these interventins，the threat f COVID-19 in China saw a substantial we have experienced has taught us t lead a healthy life such as drinking pure r biled water and avid raw fds.In cnclusin，under ur mtherland’s leadership，we have achieved steady success.
练基础——单句语法填空
1.The questin is ________ he is t advice is _____ yu shuld handle the prblem in a new fact was _____ he didn’t really try.
在主从复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。它常位于系动词be，seem，lk，feel，remain等之后，用来说明主语是什么或怎么样。表语从句的引导词：从属连词that，whether，as if/thugh，because；连接代词what，which，wh；连接副词when，where，why，hw。
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话李华说一口流利的英语，好像他是美国本土人似的。这是因为他每天都和同学们练习说英语。这是他在介绍学习方法时所说的话。他的建议是我们应该抓住一切机会说英语。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua speaks fluent English as if he were a native American.This is because he practises speaking English every day with his classmates. This is what he said when intrducing his learning methds.His suggestin is that we shuld grasp every pprtunity t speak English.
内容索引 /NEI RONG SUO YIN
1.frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的2.germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌3.pump n.泵；抽水机；打气筒4.epidemilgy n.流行病学5.vaccine n.疫苗6.aerspace n.航空航天工业
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
7.patritic adj.爱国的8.cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的9.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)10.husehld n.一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人11.interventin n.介入；出面；干涉12.raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的13.pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的14.statistic n.[pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学15.micrscpe n.显微镜16.prtein n.蛋白质
17.cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房18.virus n.病毒19.framewrk n.框架；结构20.cast vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷21.rainbw n.彩虹22.cncrete n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的23.mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工24.astrnmer n.天文学家25.telescpe n.望远镜
26.mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的27.aviatin n.航空制造业；航空；飞行28.jet n.喷气式飞机29.missile n.导弹30.trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹31.steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的32.astrnmy n.天文学33.furthermre adv.此外；再者
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1.severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2.multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的3.suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象4.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责5.handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
6.link n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联7.decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低8.transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变9.thinking n.思想；思维；见解10.finding n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决11.slid adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体
12.shadw n.阴影；影子；背光处13.pur vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)14.leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能15.utstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的16.abstract adj.抽象的；理性的 n.(文献等的)摘要
17.cncept n.概念；观念18.besides prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外19.brilliant adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的20.fault n.弱点；过错21.shift n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向22.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1.infectin n.感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染2.prf n.证据；证明；检验→prve vt.证明 link v.证明是3.substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的→substance n.物质；物品；事实根据4.initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.起初
5.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defence n.防御；保卫6.assistant n.助理；助手→assist vt.帮助；协助→assistance n.帮助；协助；援助7.gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n.礼物；天赋
1.nce and fr all最终地；彻底地2.subscribe t同意；赞同3.thanks t幸亏；由于4.break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发5.in charge f主管；掌管6.cme dwn患(病)；染上(小病)7.abve all最重要的是；尤其是
1.idim n.习语；成语2.ignre vt.忽视3.illegal adj.非法的；不合法的4.immediately adv.立即 5.immigratin n.移民 6.imprt vt.&n.进口；输入 7.impressin n.印象；感觉 8.incrrect adj.不正确的；错误的
1.Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。2.He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现尤其在两条街道上的霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
3.Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。4.Brn in Hangzhu in 1911，Qian attended schls in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jia Tng University t study Railway Mechanical Engineering.钱学森1911年出生于杭州，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。5.He was willing t say what thers were afraid t say，and t dream f what thers were afraid t dream abut.他愿意说出别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)
1.frustrated adv.___________
懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
稳定的；平稳的；稳步的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共32分)
8.______ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的9.________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的10._______ vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象11.______ vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责12.______ n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
13.____ n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联14._________ vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变15._____ adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体16._______ n.阴影；影子；背光处17._____ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)18.___________ adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的
19._______ n.概念；观念20._______ prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外21.________ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的22._____ n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向23._____ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
24.________ n.感染；传染→______ vt.使感染；传染25._____ n.证据；证明；检验→______ vt.证明 link v.证明是26.______ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→________ adv.起初
27._______ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→______________ n.防御；保卫28.________ n.助理；助手→_____ vt.帮助；协助→_________ n.帮助；协助；援助29.______ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→____ n.礼物；天赋
defense/defence
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
30.______ vt.忽视31.illegal vt.&n.进口；输入 34.__________ n.印象；感觉
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
35.______________最终地；彻底地36.___________同意；赞同37._________幸亏；由于38._________(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发39.___________主管；掌管40._________最重要的是；尤其是
nce and fr all
subscribe t
in charge f
1.Judging frm what he said，I __________ him t be the thief stealing my electric by his teacher，the by was frustrated and culdn’t cncentrate n his study.3.I’m ld enugh t ________ my wn affairs withut my parents’ number f new students in this schl __________ frm 2,100 t 1,600 this year.
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共9分)
5.Years f hard wrk ____________ the yung man int a pr weak ld ___________(同意) t the view that children can benefit frm being is knwn t us all，Lang Lang is a _______(有天赋的) pianist and attracts lts f attentin at hme and thught it wuld make a difference in helping him step ut f the _______(阴影) f that impressed me mst was his _____(生动的) descriptin f what happened just nw.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共8分)
10.With slid ______，the lawyer can certainly _______ that he is inncent.(prve)11.________，I entirely knew abut the _______ steps they tk t create a better campus.(initial) 12.The traveler may fire at a wild beast in ________________(defend) f himself in case he is ，an _______，came t my _________；that is t say，he _______ me in finishing the impssible task n time.(assist)
defence/defense
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
14.如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。(until引导的时间状语从句)If yu dn’t understand smething，yu may research，study and talk t ther peple ____________________.15.每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。()Keeping a learning diary every day is _______________________________________________.
until yu figure it ut
s imprtant that I wuld like t
intrduce it t yu
16.我需要一个新护照，因此我得照张照片。(have sth. dne)I need a new passprt，s I will have t ________________________.17.由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。(过去分词短语作状语)___________________，Jhn didn’t ntice evening appraching.18.我们老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。(宾语从句)Our teachers always tell us t believe ________________________ if we want t succeed.
have my phtgraph taken
Absrbed in painting
what we d and wh we are
Jhn Snw became 1.__________(frustrate) when a severe chlera hit Eurpe in the early 19th century.At that time n ne knew 2.____ t prevent r treat ，he never lst his desire t destry chlera nce and fr all.After much research，Snw subscribed t the thery that chlera 4.__________(cause) by an 5.________(infect) frm germs in fd r water.Snw began by 6._________(mark) n a map the exact places where all thse wh died had lived.As 7.__ result，
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Jhn Snw was able t annunce that the pump water 8._______(carry) chlera (accrding)，he had the handle f the pump 10.________(remve) s that it culd nt be used.Thrugh this interventin，the disease was defeated.
The fllwing are tw great scientists.Qian Xuesen，a Chinese with “great scientific thught and scientific spirit”，was patritic and served his hmeland with effrt，achievement and devtin.He realised that China urgently needed its wn air frce t 1._______ the cuntry.S he returned t China in 1955 and was put 2.____________ nt nly develping China’s rcket science but als its space and missile prgramme. Under Qian’s 3.______________，China achieved a lt in bth aspects.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
What made Stephen Hawking frm the USA distinguished was that he was the champin f the big bang thery，which hlds that the universe began at a single pint in time and space.Nt nly was he 4.________ but als he was brave t admit his ，there is n dubt that bth Qian Xuesen and Stephen Hawking are utstanding scientists.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
写出下列句子中subscribe t的汉语意思(1)He subscribes t the view that we can tackle the severe prblem in this way nce and fr all. ___________(2)This is the schl yur father subscribed t generusly in the past._____(3)Using the mney I earned in the hliday，I have subscribed t several magazines recently. _____
subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
subscribe t同意；赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸)
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)我们所有人都赞成这个观点，好的亲子关系是基于相互理解和尊重的。(应用文之人际关系)__________________________ that a gd parent-children relatinship is based n mutual understanding and respect.
All f us subscribe t the view
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He blamed his wife ____ the failure f their marriage.(2)He blamed the failure f their marriage ___ his wife.(3)In his view，his wife is __________(blame) fr the failure f their marriage.
blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.指责；责备
be t blame (fr sth. ) (对某事)负有责任，应受责备blame sb. fr sth. 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人blame sth. n sb. /sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(4)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(写作话题之人际交往)When getting alng with thers，we shuldn’t always ______________________.After all，many times ______________.S instead f ______________，we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers’ place.
blame thers fr
we are t blame
(1)The law allws peple t defend themselves _____________ a charge.(2)She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if __ defence.
defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
frm/against
• (ding...) 保护……免受……defend neself自卫；为自己辩护•defence n.防御；保卫in defence (f) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护in ne’s defence为某人辩护
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)①Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed ___________ his sn like an arrw.(defend)②Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed _____________ his sn like an arrw.(defence)
in defence f
写出下列句子中charge的汉语意思(1)The utstanding scientist is in charge f handling the matter. _____(2)I will charge yu ne hundred yuan fr repairing yur cellphne._____(3)The plice charged the thief with stealing raw materials in the cmpany._____(4)The kind-hearted mechanic helped charge my phne. ___________
in charge f负责/掌管(表状态)
•charge n.费用；主管；看管；责任 v.收费；控诉；要价；指控；充电•in the charge f由……来负责；被……掌管take charge f负责/看管(表动作)free f charge免费•charge (sb. ) fr sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价charge sb. with (ding) sth. 指控某人(做)某事
(5)作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。(应用文之活动安排)①As chairman f the Student Assciatin，I was appinted t ________________________________________ during yur stay in Tianjin.(take charge f)②As chairman f the Student Assciatin，I was appinted t ________________________________________ during yur stay in Tianjin.(in charge f)
charge f arranging all the activities
cme dwn (with...)染上；得了(……病)
cme acrss(偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解cme abut发生(无被动形式)cme n加油；到来；得了吧cme ut出版；结果是；(花)开放when it cmes t...当谈及……cme up走近；上来；被提及cme up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)
能力提升——根据句意用cme短语的正确形式填空
(1)Please tell me hw the accident ___________.(2)My assistant’s first nvel _________，which made me prud f him.(3)________________ English learning，I have the fllwing practical suggestins t share.Firstly，when yu ____________ unfamiliar wrds，dn’t always refer t the dictinary.Furthermre，when teachers’ questins _________ in class，yu shuld try t _____________ answers. Lastly，if yu fail，yu must say t yurself，“________！”(应用文之建议信)
When it cmes t
cme up with
abve all最重要的是；首先
after all毕竟；终究first f all首先；第一all in all整体说来；总而言之in all全部；合计at all(否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
能力提升——根据句意用all短语的正确形式填空
(1)The university I recmmend t yu is Beijing Language and Culture University.___________________，yu’d better learn sme basic Chinese befre yu cme.__________，yu will be under cmpletely unfamiliar circumstances._________，studying fr a degree in a different culture is nt easy _____.(应用文之推荐信)(2)Thanks t yur timely help，I managed t handle fur prblems ____.
First f all/Abve all
until引导的时间状语从句Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
•画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成结构。•倒装结构：部分倒装“Nt until＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语动词”。•强调结构：It is/was nt until＋时间从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
能力提升——完美写作·单句写作/一句多译·背诵
(1)我将一直努力直到实现梦想。_____________________________________(2)直到我经历了这场事故，我才明白坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)①I wasn’t aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened ____________________________.②__________________________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(倒装句)③________________________________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(强调句)
I will keep trying until I realize my dream.
until I experienced the accident
Nt until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was nt until I experienced the accident that I was aware that
discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现尤其在两条街道上的霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
(1)This is ____ abstract a cncept that we can’t understand it.＝This is _____ an abstract cncept that we can’t understand it.(2)Mzart was ___ gifted in music that he cmpsed many utstanding wrks.(3)They are _____ little bys and eat ___ little fd that we all lve them very much.
引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”•句型的常见形式：s＋adj./adv.＋＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.＋that...•句型的常见形式：such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...•当s/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
(4)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉自己舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)①He was ______________ he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.②_____________________ he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写)
s nervus that
S nervus was he that
have sth. dneAccrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
(1)Our math teacher had us _________(hand) in ur hmewrk befre 9 p.m every day.(2)Dn’t wrry.I’ll have the article ______(type) and get smene t send it t yu tmrrw.(3)He culd nt have her ________(get) away with telling peple lies.
have sth. dne使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事have sb. d sth. 让某人做某事have sb. /sth. ding sth. 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态can’t have sb. ding sth. 不能容忍某人做某事have sth. t d有事要做
(4)我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)We began t help pick peaches and then ____________________________________________.(5)既然你已经意识到你的时间是有限的，你必须更加努力学习以实现自己的目标。Nw that yu have realized that yur time is limited，______________________________________________.
had them delivered t the
farmers’ huses
yu must study
harder t have yur gal achieved
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.The research lacks slid prf，and therefre，its cnclusins are dubtful. ________2.It’s my turn t be n the night shift. _____
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅱ.一词多义练——清除阅读障碍
A.vt.处理 B.v.操纵 C.n.把手 D.vt.(用手)触、碰、拿
1.Dn’t handle the vase as if it were made f steel. ____ 2.Driving a car is nt just handling cntrls and judging speed and distance. ____ 3.Tea in China was traditinally drunk frm cups withut handles. ____ 4.We must learn t handle cnflicts calmly and wisely. ____
Ⅲ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.It is said that if yu are infected by the virus，yu can get treated free ____ charge.2.I have t say ____ her defence that she shuldn’t be suspected f cmmitting the listened，_______(shift) nervusly frm ne ft t anther.(读后续写之紧张心理描写)4.When she saw her effrts paid ff，tears f happiness ________(pur) dwn Jane’s cheeks.(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)
5.What made the assistant annyed was that he _____________(suspect) f stealing his can be great when yu are nt busy finding fault _____ ，the utstanding astrnmer came dwn _____ a severe is linked _______ cnfidence，self-respect and ，all f them __________(subscribe) t my plan，but later they changed their f them blamed the mistake ____ me，which made me quite frustrated.
was suspected
Ⅳ.写作增分练——提升语用能力(应用文之道歉信)1.我非常抱歉，在回家的路上弄丢了你的词典。(have sth. dne)__________________________________________________2.我是如此羞愧，以至于我晚上都睡不好。(的倒装句)__________________________________________________3.直到我把词典找回来，我才会感觉舒服。(的强调句型)_____________________________________________________________
I’m srry t have yur dictinary lst n my way hme.
S ashamed was I that I culdn’t sleep well at night.
It was nt until I gt the dictinary back that I wuld feel cmfrtable.
4.但是，我没有找到词典，我既沮丧又失望。(过去分词短语作状语)_______________________________________________________5.现在我必须做的是我给你买一本全新的词典以表达我的歉意。(what引导的主语从句；that引导的表语从句)_________________________________________________________________________________
But I didn’t find the dictinary，frustrated and disappinted.
Nw what I must d is that I will buy yu a brand-new dictinary t express my aplgy.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：表语从句)
blame，in charge f，link，cme dwn，handle，decrease
Since the severe COVID-19 brke ut，many peple all ver the wrld have been infected.Chinese utstanding，gifted and patritic specialists in epidemilgy and their assistants have been 1.___________ tracing the surce f the virus in rder t defend mre peple frm being killed.They desired t prduce vaccine t 2.______ the deadly disease nce and fr all.
Initially，with cncrete prf cllected，they suspected that wild bats were t by bserving the virus with micrscpes，they gathered slid and multiple statistics and mastered the framewrk f the virus，which gradually transfrmed their initial thinking.All the findings made them subscribe t the idea that the virus was nt directly 4._______ t the bats，which made the brilliant experts frustrated.This als cast a shadw n the experts，s they had t shift twards hw t prevent the virus frm spreading amng peple.Abve all，the less we g ut，
the less likely we will 5.__________ with the deadly disease.Furthermre，taking in less prtein and eating mre vegetables are gd chices as well.Last but nt least，what we shuld d is that we must wear masks utdrs.Thanks t these interventins，the threat f COVID-19 in China saw a substantial we have experienced has taught us t lead a healthy life such as drinking pure r biled water and avid raw fds.In cnclusin，under ur mtherland’s leadership，we have achieved steady success.
练基础——单句语法填空
1.The questin is ________ he is t advice is _____ yu shuld handle the prblem in a new fact was _____ he didn’t really try.
在主从复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。它常位于系动词be，seem，lk，feel，remain等之后，用来说明主语是什么或怎么样。表语从句的引导词：从属连词that，whether，as if/thugh，because；连接代词what，which，wh；连接副词when，where，why，hw。
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话李华说一口流利的英语，好像他是美国本土人似的。这是因为他每天都和同学们练习说英语。这是他在介绍学习方法时所说的话。他的建议是我们应该抓住一切机会说英语。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua speaks fluent English as if he were a native American.This is because he practises speaking English every day with his classmates. This is what he said when intrducing his learning methds.His suggestin is that we shuld grasp every pprtunity t speak English.
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