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2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市长郡中学高二上学期期末英语考试试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市长郡中学高二上学期期末英语考试试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(时量:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the by ding nw?
A. Studying. B. Playing ball. C. Taking a test.
2. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Shp assistant and custmer.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Mther and sn.
3. Hw des the man get t the bus stp?
A. On ft. B. By car. C. By subway.
4. What is the wman ding?
A. Lking fr things. B. Paying the bill. C. Giving back the key.
5. Why can’t the cmputer get charged?
A. The wire is brken. B. The plug is useless. C. The pwer is cut ff.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Sea animals. B. Plastic pllutin. C. A bld disease.
7. What des the man suggest ding?
A. Launching a campaign.
B. Making canned fd.
C. Taking part in an activity.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man ging t d next week?
A. G n a trip. B. Visit sme friends. C. Buy a suitcase.
9. Why des the man like traveling by air?
A. He likes drawing n the plane.
B. He can enjy the beautiful sky.
C. He thinks it’s fast.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man ding?
A. Making a call.
B. Driving a car.
C. Describing a car accident.
11. What d we knw abut the female passenger?
A. She’s the man’s wife.
B. She was hit by a car.
C. She needs medical care.
12. What des the man ask abut at the end f the cnversatin?
A. What t d. B. Where t park. C. When t arrive.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Wh are the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Senir high schl students.
C. Cllege students.
14. What makes the girl feel a bit anxius abut her graduatin?
A. The credit. B. The lan. C. The teacher.
15. What did the girl d in her schl?
A. She jined a summer camp.
B. She tk part-time jbs.
C. She failed t receive a schlarship.
16. What is the girl ging t d?
A. Take a class. B. Have a meal. C. Discuss the schl life.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 Wh is prbably the speaker?
A. A hstess. B. A tur guide. C. A reprter.
18. Which place will stay wet in the next tw days?
A. Nrthern Britain.
B. Nrthwestern Sctland.
C. Central Britain.
19. What will the weather be like in Ireland n Saturday mrning?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
20. Hw might peple in England feel n Sunday night?
A. Ht. B. Dry. C. Cld.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wales is hme t sme f the UK's mst beautiful drives.Narrw lanes criss-crss the land. meaning travel can be slw-but there's n need t rush.
The Castal Way
This rute(路线）cvers the entire length f Cardigan Bay, and spils travelers with its remte beaches and charming seaside twns.
Cmb the sand fr fssils,shells at Aberdarn Beach,and then hit the rad,heading cast tward Prthmadg. Here yu can hp n a heritage steam train, a relic f the regin's mining histry,t give Snwdnia's skyline yur undivided attentin.
The Cambrian Way
The Cambrian Way, which cuts nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks t its patchwrk fields, dense frests and rlling, sheep-dtted hills.
The rute becmes increasingly wild and rugh as it weaves nrth int Pwys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and yu'll need plenty f energy fr hiking r muntain biking alng the trails.
The Nrth Wales Way
Spanning Wales' shrt but scenic nrth cast, this rute ffers rad trippers a chance t encunter Welsh histry, language and culture in a splendid setting.
Head west thrugh the uncrwded Clwydian Hills until yu reach Ruthin, a little twn brimming with histry,where yu can see its restred castle, century-spanning museum and Victrian Ruthin Gal. Brder Cuntry
Tracing the dtted line that separates England and Wales n a map,this brder-hugging rute will take yu t sme f Wales' mst underrated sites slwly, if yu stick t the narrw back rads.
Starting in the brder twn f Chepstw in Sutheast Wales,make yur way nrthward.Yu can tp t admire the rfless ruins f Tintern Abbey and lesser knwn castes Skenfrith and Grsmnt
1. Which rute best suits peple wh enjy muntain scenery?
A. The Castal Way.
B. The Cambrian Way.
C The Nrth Wales Way
D. Brder Cuntry.
2. What is special abut The Nrth Wales Way?
A. It enables travelers t visit a castle.
B. It is an area f scenic beauty.
C. It ffers a glimpse int Welsh culture.
D. It is a crwd-free escape frm big cities.
3. What is the purpse f the article?
A. T intrduce rad trips in Wales.
B. T intrduce the Welsh landscape.
C. T tell abut Wales' histry.
D. T advertise Wales 'turism industry.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。威尔士拥有英国的一些最美丽的车道，本文介绍了四条不同的风景参观线路，供游客参观。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Cambrian Way”部分“The Cambrian Way,which cuts nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks t its patchwrk fields, dense frests and rlling, sheep-dtted hills.”（寒武纪之路，从北到南穿过威尔士的中心，由于它错落有致的田野，茂密的森林，绵延起伏的山丘，是一个奇妙的地方。）可知，在The Cambrian Way，游客可以看到绵延起伏的山丘。选项B符合题意，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Nrth Wales Way”部分中“Spanning Wales' shrt but scenic nrth cast, this rute ffers rad trippers a chance t encunter Welsh histry, language and culture in a splendid setting. ” （横跨威尔士短小但风景优美的北部海岸，这条路线为公路旅行者提供了一个机会，在一个壮丽的环境中接触威尔士的历史，语言和文化。）可知，这条路线可以帮助人们了解威尔士的文化，选项C符合题意，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Wales is hme t sme f the UK's mst beautiful drives.Narrw lanes criss-crss the land. meaning travel can be slw-but there's n need t rush.”（威尔士是英国最美的地方之一，狭窄的车道纵横交错。也就是说旅行可能会很慢，但是没有必要匆忙。）提到了威尔士美在于其狭窄的车道纵横交错，同时结合下面段落中对威尔士的四条不同的风景参观线路的介绍，可知文章主要介绍了威尔士四条不同的供游客参观风景线路。选项A符合题意，故选A。
B
A 293-millin-mile jurney f the NASA Perseverance rver (探测器)t Mars ended successfully n February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezer Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rver, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agency’s biggest and mst advanced explrer t date. Its primary missin is t search fr signs f ancient micrbial(微生物的)life n Mars.
Landing n Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitatinal(引力的) pull causes appraching spacecraft t g faster t high speeds, while its thin atmsphere—just ne percent that f Earth’s—des little t help slw it dwn as it appraches the surface.
The scientists had t reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed t a safe landing speed f less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle als had t be a precise 12 degrees—any steeper, and the spacecraft wuld burn up; any flatter, and it wuld get lst in space. It is n wnder that the final apprach is ften referred t as the “seven minutes f terrr”.
Upn attaining a manageable speed Percy briefly flew ver the Martian surface t seek ut the perfect landing spt. Its cmplex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database t find the best lcatin.
The NASA scientists will spend the next tw mnths testing Percy’s scientific instruments. Once ready, the rver will begin t carry ut its missin.
“Perseverance is the smartest rbt ever made, but cnfirming that micrbial life nce existed carries an unusually large burden f prf,” said Lri Glaze, directr f NASA’s Planetary Science Divisin.“ While we’ll learn a lt with the great instruments we have abard the rver, it may very well require the far mre well-equipped labratries and delicate instruments back here n Earth t tell us whether ur samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars nce harbred life.”
4. What is the extrardinary challenge fr the rver t land n Mars?
A. The speed reductin.
B. The atmsphere analysis.
C. The lcatin search.
D. The time management.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Ways t find the precise entry angle.
B. Cnsequences f wrng entry degree.
C. Factrs t survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasns fr the necessity f speed reducing.
6. What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. The space.B. The area.
C. The system.D. The surface.
7. What can be inferred frm Lri Glaze’s wrds?
A. Instruments abard the rver are nt quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able t cllect enugh evidence needed.
C. Man still has a lng way t g t prve there was life n Mars.
D. Samples f Mars will be returned sn t the labs n the Earth.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“毅力号”火星探测器的主要任务，以及其登陆火星过程中的情况。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Red Planet’s gravitatinal(引力的) pull causes appraching spacecraft t g faster t high speeds, while its thin atmsphere—just ne percent that f Earth’s—des little t help slw it dwn as it appraches the surface.(这颗红色星球的引力使接近的航天器更快地达到高速，而它稀薄的大气层(只有地球的百分之一)在接近表面时几乎没有帮助它减速。)”可知，火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快速行进，并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几乎没有帮助，故减速是“毅力号”探测器登陆火星的特别挑战。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The scientists had t reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed t a safe landing speed f less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle als had t be a precise 12 degrees(科学家们必须在六分半钟内将Percy的1.2万英里/每小时的速度降低到不到每小时5英里的安全着陆速度。目标进入角度也必须精确到12度)”以及“It is n wnder that the final apprach is ften referred t as the “seven minutes f terrr”.(难怪最后一段时间通常被称为“恐怖的七分钟”)”可知，该段主要介绍了“恐怖七分钟”的生存因素：降低速度和精确的切入角度。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前句内容“Its cmplex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area (其复杂的地图读取系统快速扫描该区域)”可知，将Percy数据库中的地图与扫描的区域进行匹配，由此找到最佳的着陆位置。故推断it指代该句中的“the area”。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While we’ll learn a lt with the great instruments we have abard the rver, it may very well require the far mre well-equipped labratries and delicate instruments back here n Earth t tell us whether ur samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars nce harbred life.(虽然我们将通过探测器上的强大仪器了解到很多东西，但很可能需要地球上设备更完善的实验室和精密的仪器来告诉我们，我们的样本是否携带了火星曾经存在生命的证据。)”可知，确认火星曾经存在过微生物需要大量的证据，而携带这些证据的样本又需要装备更加齐全的实验室以及精密的仪器才能进行分析。据此可推知,人类要证明火星上曾有生命还有很长的路要走。故选C。
C
Eln Musk isn’t cntent with electric cars, shting peple int rbit and ppulating Mars. He als wants t get inside yur brain.
His gal is t develp devices that can prvide treatment t neural (神经的) diseases and that may ne day be pwerful enugh t put humanity n an equal fting with pssible future super intelligent cmputers.
Nt that it’s anywhere clse t that yet.
In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the yung cmpany is far frm having a cmmercial prduct, which wuld invlve cmplex human trials and gvernmental apprval. Friday’s vide shwed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a funder f bth the electric car cmpany Tesla Mtrs and the space-explratin firm SpaceX, has always been wrried abut that smarter AI machines will utwit humans. His slutin? Link ur brains t cmputers s we can keep up with r even win ver them in intelligence!
Musk urged cders (程序员), engineers and especially peple wh have actually created a prduct t apply. “Yu dn’t need t have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is smething that can be learned n the jb.
Cnnecting a brain up directly t electrnics is nt new. Dctrs have already put similar devices in brains t treat such cnditins as Parkinsn’s disease. In 2016, researchers reprted that a man regained sme mvement in his wn hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s prpsal ges beynd this. Neuralink wants t build n thse existing medical treatments and wrk n devices that culd link ur brains t cmputers ne day.
8. What can we learn abut the first versin f the Neuralink?
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a persn’s head.
C. It has t be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “utwit” in paragraph 6?
A. cpyB. defeatC. understandD. destry
10. What kind f candidates des Eln Musk particularly want?
A. Smene wh als wants t create the same device.
B. Dctrs wh already knw hw t treat brain diseases.
C. Peple wh have already designed sme unique prduct.
D. Engineers wh are gd at linking brains t cmputers.
11. Where is this text likely frm?
A. An advertisement.B. A test reprt.
C. A science fictin nvel.D. A news reprt.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 Eln Musk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是 寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了 Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。它被设计成放在一个人的大脑里面。该设备的早期版本像一个巨大的助听器一样必须被放在耳朵后面)”可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“His slutin? Link ur brains t cmputers s we can keep up with r even win ver them in intelligence!(他的解决方案？把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们)”可推断，Eln Musk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类由此他的解决方案是将人类的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样就能跟上AI甚至打败他们。故推测划线词的意思表示“打败”，与defeat意思相近。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段“Musk urged cders (程序员), engineers and especially peple wh have actually created a prduct t apply. (Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了一种产品人来申请)”可知，Eln Musk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是为了招聘新员工的视频中，马斯克展示了第二个版本的Neuralink，这是一种大硬币大小的设备。它被设计用来植入人的大脑。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样放在耳朵后面)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Eln Musk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品——最新推出的Neuralink人机接口设备进行的报道和说明。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选D。
D
On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu’re bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷). With n fat and just a quarter f the calries in a whle egg, the whites lk like the best chice at first glance. Nt s fast, thugh new research shws a gd reasn why yu might want t keep the ylk (蛋黄) in if yu want t get fit. Plus, frget the bad impressin that the chlesterl (胆固醇) in ylks has gtten in the past. The USDA remved limits n dietary chlesterl in its mst recent dietary guidelines. It’s all because evidence desn’t back up claims that the chlesterl yu eat has much influence n bld chlesterl levels.
In a recent study, researchers had ten yung men eat either whle eggs r egg whites after cmpleting a strength-training wrkut. Bth egg chices cntained 18 grams f prtein, and the eggs were develped with chemical markers. Thanks t them, the researchers tracked hw the men’s bdies used amin acids (氨基酸) frm the eggs and egg whites, and fund sme surprising results. Abut 65 t 70 percent f amin acids were available in the bld fr bth the whle egg and egg white grups suggesting they’d be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest f the results didn’t back up that cnclusin.
When the researchers lked specifically at hw much prtein synthesis — the prcess that helps muscles repair and grw — ccurred, ne frm f egg clearly did better than the ther. “Having whle eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater prtein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study authr Nichlas Burd in a statement.
Althugh this study was t small I t be cnclusive, its cnclusin backs up whle egg benefits that nutritinists have been praising fr years. Frm their pint f view egg whites are high-prtein, lw-calrie, but the ylk cntains nearly all f an egg’s vitamins. And ne study fund that adults wh eat whle eggs in the mrning lse mre weight and bdy fat than thse wh get the same number f calries frm a bread-based breakfast. While n large studies have lked int the weight-lss benefits f whle eggs vs egg whites, there’s als n evidence that the 140 calries in tw whle large eggs shuld scare yu away. Crack n, egg lvers.
12. What’s implied in Paragraph 1?
A. The whites can help peple have a gd shape.
B. The ylk’s functin is different frm the whites.
C. Peple tend t cnsider the ylk t be unhealthy.
D. The ylk has much t d with bld chlesterl levels.
13. Why were the eggs develped with chemical markers?
A. T help prcess the prteins better.
B. T make them healthier fr peple.
C. T track the amin acids during digestin.
D. T help the bdy cnsume amin acids.
14. The findings f the recent study mainly shw that_________.
A. amin acids are easy t get in eggs
B. eating the whle egg helps build muscles
C. the ylk f the egg is better than the white
D. eggs can prduce mre prteins than any ther kinds f fd_________.
15. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Egg Whites VS Whle Eggs
B. Egg White Omelets r Just the Ylk
C. The Crrect Way t Build Muscles
D. Unknwn Facts abut Egg White Omelets
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文时一篇说明文。研究发现，吃全蛋比只吃蛋白更有利于肌肉的修复和增长。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu're bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷).(在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会看到一个蛋清煎蛋卷)”可知，人们认为只吃蛋白是健康的。由此推知，人们往往认为蛋黄不健康。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bth egg chices cntained 18 grams f prtein, and the eggs were develped with chemical markers. Thanks t them, the researchers tracked hw the men’s bdies used amin acids (氨基酸) frm the eggs and egg whites, and fund sme surprising results. (两种鸡蛋都含有18克蛋白质，这些鸡蛋都带有化学标记。多亏了他们，研究人员追踪了这些男性的身体是如何利用鸡蛋和蛋白中的氨基酸的，并发现了一些令人惊讶的结果)”可推知，用化学标记物培育鸡蛋是为了追踪消化时产生的氨基酸。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When the researchers lked specifically at hw much prtein synthesis — the prcess that helps muscles repair and grw — ccurred, ne frm f egg clearly did better than the ther. “Having whle eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater prtein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study authr Nichlas Burd in a statement. (当研究人员专门观察蛋白质合成的多少时——这个过程有助于肌肉的修复和生长——发现一种形式的鸡蛋明显比另一种更好。“运动后立即吃全蛋比只吃蛋清能产生更多的蛋白质合成，”该研究的主要作者尼古拉斯·伯德在一份声明中说)”可知，最近的研究结果主要表明，吃全蛋有助于增强肌肉。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu’re bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷). With n fat and just a quarter f the calries in a whle egg, the whites lk like the best chice at first glance. Nt s fast, thugh new research shws a gd reasn why yu might want t keep the ylk (蛋黄) in if yu want t get fit. (在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会发现蛋清煎蛋卷。鸡蛋蛋白不含脂肪，热量只有整个鸡蛋的四分之一，乍一看是最好的选择。虽然最新研究表明，如果你想保持健康，你可能会想保留蛋黄，但速度不会太快)”及下文论述可知，文章主要讲的是一个有关吃蛋白和吃全蛋哪个更好的研究。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
D yu always get angry abut smething? D yu always take things t persnally? D yu find yurself thinking peple are laughing at yu in public places? ___16___ If yu are sensitive abut smething, yu are easily wrried and angry when peple talk abut it.
___17___ Actually, sensitive peple can appreciate fd, the sund f music, the different clrs f nature, r even traffic. They can als ntice small differences in meaning, making them mre emtinally(感情上地) intelligent and mre creative.
Hwever, it can als be a terrible burden(负担) if left uncared fr. ___18___ S yu shuld d smething t stp being t sensitive. Fr example, recgnize thse peple wh ften leave yu feeling tired in life and avid them. Instead, surrund yurself with peple wh will make yu feel bright and happy. If yu cnstantly feel negative abut yurself, yu’ll struggle with being sensitive. ___19___
Anther imprtant thing t d is frgive thse wh have wrnged yu. Often sensitive peple aren’t gd at letting things g. ___20___ This is unhealthy as it’ll keep yu frm enjying bth the present and the future. Take the lessn; leave the pain.
In a wrd, thugh being sensitive is certainly a challenge, yu can deal with it crrectly by taking prper effrts.
A. Why are sme peple sensitive?
B. Being a bit sensitive isn’t a bad thing.
C. Yu are sensitive and yu can’t change that.
D. If the answer t any f these questins is yes, yu are sensitive.
E. As a result, they find it difficult t mve n frm painful experiences.
F. S when a negative thught cmes, crrect it with smething psitive.
G. Sensitive peple always put t much pressure n themselves and tend nt t take care f themselves prperly.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何克服敏感。
【详解】1. 上文“D yu always get angry abut smething? D yu always take things t persnally? D yu find yurself thinking peple are laughing at yu in public places?(你总是为某事生气吗？你总是把事情看得太私人化吗？你觉得人们在公共场所嘲笑你吗？)”提出了一些问题；下文“If yu are sensitive abut smething, yu are easily wrried and angry when peple talk abut it.(如果你对某事很敏感，当人们谈论它时，你很容易感到担心和愤怒)”提到如果你对某事敏感，这会对你产生一些影响，由此可知，空处应用与“敏感”有关，D项“如果对上述任何一个问题的答案是肯定的，那你就是敏感的”符合，承上启下，D项中的“these questins”指代的是空前提出的问题，引出本文的话题，并为下文介绍敏感的后果作铺垫，符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据空后的内容“Actually, sensitive peple can appreciate fd, the sund f music, the different clrs f nature, r even traffic. They can als ntice small differences in meaning, making them mre emtinally(感情上地) intelligent and mre creative.(事实上，敏感的人可以欣赏食物，音乐的声音，大自然的不同颜色，甚至交通。他们也能注意到意义上的细微差别，使他们在情感上更聪明，更有创造力)”可知，适当的敏感是有好处的，故B项“有点敏感并不是一件坏事”符合语境，概括本段内容。故选B。
3. 空前“Hwever, it can als be a terrible burden(负担) if left uncared fr. (然而，如果置之不理，它也可能成为一个可怕的负担)”指出如果不加以重视，过度的敏感也会成为一种可怕的负担。故G项“敏感的人总是给自己施加太多的压力，往往不会好好照顾自己”承接上文，具体介绍敏感是如何成为负担的，符合语境。故选G。
4. 空前“If yu cnstantly feel negative abut yurself, yu'll struggle with being sensitive.(如果你总是对自己感到消极，你会很难变得敏感)”指出总是对自己感到消极，会很难变得敏感，F项“所以当消极的想法出现时，用积极的东西来纠正它”是针对空前内容提出的建议，符合语境。故选F。
5. 空前“Often sensitive peple aren’t gd at letting things g.(敏感的人往往不善于放手)”指出敏感的人往往不善于放手，E项“因此，他们很难从痛苦的经历中走出来”承接上文，具体介绍了敏感人群这一特征的结果，符合语境。故选E。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。
Research shws that when we are absrbed in an activity, even minr distractins can have a huge effect. Accrding t a study, regaining ur ___21___drive fllwing an interruptin can take abut 20 minutes.
Multitasking, as many studies have shwn, is a myth. A mre accurate accunt f what happens when we tell urselves we are multitasking is that we’re rapidly ___22___ between activities, sucking ur mental energy. And the ___23___ can be surprisingly serius. An experiment fund that we lse as many as 10 IQ pints when we allw ur wrk t be ___24___ by distractins like emails and text messages.
The ___25___ is that multitasking is enjyable. It’s fun t satisfy yur curisity. Wh knws what that next email r text message hlds ___26___ ? Finding ut prvides immediate satisfactin. In cntrast, ___27___ distractins and staying n task requires discipline and mental effrt. S, what are we t d? Our strategy is t change the ___28___ t mve temptatin further away: shut dwn yur email prgram r ___29___yur phne. It’s a lt easier t stay n task when yu’re nt cntinuusly fighting ff mental desires. The ____30____ , which mst f us cnsider cmmn, is similar t dieting in a bakery. We all need the willpwer t resist the temptatins, but ding s cmes with cnsiderable csts t ur limited supply f willpwer.
Anther wrthwhile ____31____ is t cllect similar activities tgether, keeping transitin time t a ____32____ pint. Instead f spreading phne calls, meetings and emails thrughut yur day, try ____33____ related tasks s that there are fewer transitins.
In sme jbs, multitasking is ____34____. Sme f us truly d need t stay cnnected t ur clients, clleagues and managers. S it’s wrth nting that limiting disruptins is the nly slutin. Remember the mre yu d t minimize task switching ver the curse f the day, the mre ability yu’ll have fr activities that actually ____35____ . Even small changes can make a big difference.
21. A. innerB. persnalC. initialD. ambitius
22. A. planningB. cuntingC. swappingD. switching
23. A. benefitsB. reasnsC. cnsequencesD. challenges
24. A. changedB. interruptedC. guidedD. adapted
25. A. trubleB. emphasisC. advantageD. practice
26. A. in stckB. in streC. in checkD. in pssessin
27. A. leavingB. creatingC. resistingD. mistaking
28. A. expectatinB. taskC. envirnmentD. visin
29. A. answerB. silenceC. replaceD. pick
30. A. alternativeB. taskC. accuntD. access
31. A. researchB. aspectC. reactinD. apprach
32. A. minimumB. maximumC. turningD. fixed
33. A. analyzingB. grupingC. assigningD. undertaking
34. A. disturbingB. annyingC. unavidableD. unnecessary
35. A. matterB. functinC. wrkD. interfere
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述当我们专心于某件事情的时候，即使是很小的分心，也会产生较大影响，所以多任务是不被鼓励的但是有时候是不可避免的，所以我们可以学会把相似的事情分成一组，同时做，这样可以减少转换时间，减少脑力消耗。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。A. inner内部的，内心的；B. persnal个人的；C. initial最初的；D. ambitius雄心勃勃的。根据前文“Research shws that when we are absrbed in an activity”可知，当我们全神贯注于一项活动时，分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们告诉自己正在多任务处理时，更准确的解释是，我们在各种活动之间快速切换，消耗了我们的精神能量。A. planning计划；B. cunting起作用；C. swapping交换；D. switching转换。根据前文“Multitasking”以及后文的“between activities”可知，此处强调，当我们在处理多任务的时候，我们需要在各个活动之间快速切换。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：影响可能是惊人地严重。A. benefits益处；B. reasns理由；C. cnsequences结果；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“An experiment fund that we lse as many as 10 IQ pints when we allw ur wrk t be ___4___ by distractins like emails and text messages.”可知，通过实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点，这个影响是惊人地严重。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点。A. changed改变；B. interrupted打扰；C. guided指导；D. adapted适应。根据后文“by distractins like emails and text messages”可知，那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人烦恼的是多任务是有趣的。A. truble麻烦，烦恼；B. emphasis重点；C. advantage优势；D. practice实践。根据后文“It’s fun t satisfy yur curisity.”可知，进行多任务是有趣的，因为它能够满足你的好奇心。故设空处与前文构成转折关系，虽然处理多重任务有着惊人地消极影响，但让人烦扰的是它却是有趣的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息？A. in stck有存货；B. in stre贮存着，将要发生；C. in check在控制中；D. in pssessin拥有。根据后文“next email r text message”可知，谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，抵制干扰和专注于任务需要自律和精神努力。A. leaving离开；B. creating创造；C. resisting抵制；D. mistaking认错。根据前文“In cntrast”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，前文讲述出于好奇，人们会被短信或者邮箱所吸引走，但是此处表示要抵制干扰。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们策略是改变环境，远离诱惑：关闭你的电子邮件程序或让手机静音。A. expectatin期望；B. task工作，任务；C. envirnment环境；D. visin视觉。根据后文“mve temptatin further away: shut dwn yur email prgram r ___9___ yur phne.”可知，通过关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. answer回答；B. silence使沉默；C. replace取代；D. pick挑拣。根据前文“shut dwn yur email prgram”可知，此处表示关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种选择，我们大多数人都认为很常见，类似于在面包店节食。A. alternative可选择的事务；B. task任务；C. accunt账户；D. access通道。根据后文“is similar t dieting in a bakery”可知，我们抵制干扰和专注于任务就像在面包店节食一样的选择。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个有价值的方法是将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。A. research研究；B. aspect方面；C. reactin反应；D. apprach途径。根据前文“Our strategy is t change the ___8___ t mve temptatin further away.”可知，此处强调另外一个抵制干扰和专注于任务的方法。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. minimum最小的；B. maximum最大的；C. turning转变的；D. fixed固定的。根据前文“Accrding t a study, regaining ur ___1___ drive fllwing an interruptin can take abut 20 minutes.”以及“cllect similar activities tgether”可知，此处强调将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组，这样就可以减少过渡。A. analyzing分析；B. gruping聚集；C. assigning指派；D. undertaking承担。根据前文“Instead f spreading phne calls, meetings and emails thrughut yur day”可知，不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。A. disturbing令人困扰的；B. annying令人恼怒的；C. unavidable不可避免的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据后文“Sme f us truly d need t stay cnnected t ur clients, clleagues and managers. ”可知，在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住，你在一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事情。A. matter要紧；B. functin发挥功能；C. wrk有效果；D. interfere干涉。根据后文“Even small changes can make a big difference.”可知，此处强调一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After I ___36___ (lse) my right hand in a car accident tw years ag, I began t withdraw int myself, ___37___ (believe) I wuld never be able t lead a nrmal life again. I ___38___ (equip) with an artificial hand, but it did nt feel like part f me.
Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three mnths ag, ___39___ , all that changed when I was given the chance t test a new rbtic hand.
Scientists have been making great prgress in rbtic technlgy in recent years, and their wrk n rbtic limbs ___40___ (change) my life. With my new hand, I can mve my individual fingers and hld n t small things like pens and pencils. Mre ___41___ (amazing), my rbtic hand is capable f feeling varying degrees f pressure, just like a real hand. In additin, it lks very lifelike with special rubber ___42___ (use) n the utside.
I have rediscvered all the hbbies ___43___ I had enjyed befre my accident. Fr example, I have been cking fr my family again ___44___ I gt my new hand. Nt nly can I d mre, but I have als becme ___45___ (cnfident) and utging. I’m s grateful fr all the new pssibilities my rbtic hand has pened up.
【答案】36. lst
37. believing
38. was equipped
39. hwever
40. has changed
41. amazingly
42. used 43. that
44. since 45. mre cnfident
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者在车祸中失去右手后装了一个假肢，但是不好用，后来作者新装了一个机械手后一切都改变了。
【36题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：在两年前的一场车祸中失去右手后，我开始自我封闭，认为自己再也不能过正常的生活了。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“tw years ag”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填lst。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意同上。动词believe和逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填believing。
【38题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：我装了一只假手，但感觉它不像我的一部分。主语I和动词equip之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语I表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was equipped。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，三个月前，当我有机会测试一只新的机械手时，一切都改变了。上文提到假肢不好用，即使是很简单的事情也很难完成，与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系，应用副词hwever“然而”。故填hwever。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，科学家在机器人技术方面取得了巨大的进步，他们在机器人肢体方面的研究改变了我的生活。根据连词and可知，此处和前一个分句一致，用现在完成时，主语wrk是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has changed。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像真正的手一样。此处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填amazingly。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：此外，它的外部使用了特殊的橡胶，看起来非常逼真。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，动词use和宾语special rubber是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作宾补。故填used。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我重新找回了事故前的所有爱好。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是hbbies，且被不定代词all修饰，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：例如，自从我有了新手，我又开始为我的家人做饭了。结合句意可知，此处指“自从我有了新手”，用连词since“自从”。故填since。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我不仅可以做更多的事情，而且我也变得更加自信和外向。根据mre可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填mre cnfident。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Tm近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生的体育锻炼情况。请给Tm写一封回信，内容包括:
1.中国高中生参加体育运动的现状；
2.分析该现状产生的原因；
3.你自己的感想。
注意:1. 词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tm,
Delighted t receive yur letter. And I’m writing t tell yu smething abut Chinese high schl students’ physical exercise.
With the increasing pressure frm the natinal cllege entrance exam, mre and mre students have t sacrifice the time fr sprts t prepare fr the exam, which is s imprtant fr their future develpment. They nly have ne P.E. class a week, bviusly nt enugh. Actually, mst f the students are eager t take part in sprts, but they are s ccupied with their study.
In my view, imprtant thugh it is fr them t have a better perfrmance in the exam, health is equally imprtant. Withut a strng bdy, we wuld achieve nthing in ur life. I hpe all students can rerganize their timetable and try t build up their bdy.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本书面表达是一篇提纲类作文。要求以李华的名义给Tm写一封回信。
【详解】首先审题，这篇文章要求假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tm近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生的体育锻炼情况。请给Tm写一封回信，内容包括：1.中国高中生参加体育运动的现状；2.分析该现状产生的原因；3.你自己的感想。其次选用正确的人称和时态，用一般现在时，用第一人称来写。然后写出单个句子，使用正确的连词，连句成段。具体来说，写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文章思连贯，符全逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，是一篇较好的范文。这简短文使用了大量的复合句。例如：使用了定语从句With the increasing pressure frm the natinal cllege entrance exam ,mre and mre students have t sacrifice the time fr sprts t prepare fr the exam, which is s imprtant fr their future develpment和宾语从句I hpe all students can rerganize their timetable and try t build up their bdy.
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
James shk his mney bx again. Nthing! He carefully cunted the cins that lay n the bed. $ 24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was $90! Hw n earth was he ging t get the rest f the mney? He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was hard t hang arund with peple when yu were the nly ne withut wheels. He thught abut what he culd d. There was n need t ask his parents fr he knew they had n mney t spare.
There was nly ne way t get mney, and that was t earn it. He wuld have t find a jb. But wh wuld hire him and what culd he d? He decided t ask Mr Clay fr advice, wh usually had pinins in mst things. “Well, yu can start right here,” said Mr Clay. “My windws need cleaning and my car needs washing.’’ That was the beginning f James’ dd-jb (零工) business. Fr three mnths he wrked every day after finishing his hmewrk. He was surprised by the varius jbs that peple fund fr him t d. He tk dgs and babies fr walks, cleared ut cupbards, and mended bks. He frgt the number f cars he washed and windws he cleaned, but the mney increased and he knew that he wuld sn have enugh fr the bicycle he was dying fr. The day finally came when James cunted his mney and fund $ 94.32. He wasted n time and went dwn t the shp t pick up the bicycle he wanted.
It had been hard wrk fr the mney, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far mre since he had bught it with his wn mney. He had achieved what he thught was impssible, and that was wrth even mre than the bicycle.
Paragraph 1:
He rde prudly hme, lking frward t shwing his new bicycle t his friends.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Many years later, James succeeded in
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
He rde prudly hme, lking frward t shwing his new bicycle t his friends. His friends were mre than glad that James wned his bicycle s that they culd make a trip tgether. Excited and cnfident, James tld them the fact that he spent spare time ding varius jbs t realize his dream with mney earned by himself. All f his friends admired him fr his hard wrk that they wuld learn frm him, achieving their gals withut giving up Ging hme happily. James was encuraged and required by his parents t thank Mr Clay fr the dd-jb business he ffered. Thinking f s many surprising jbs, James understd all f them, mved t tears.
Paragraph 2:
Many years later, James succeeded in running a cmpany with the name f Gd Opinins. He was willing t give gd pinins t pr peple in difficulty, ffering varius jbs and helpful equipment t help them vercme all the challenges and live happy lives. He used his life t thank Mr Clay and spread his kind spirits.
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了詹姆斯在克莱先生的帮助下，通过自己的劳动，赚钱购买了梦寐以求的自行车的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他骄傲地骑回家，期待着向朋友们展示他的新自行车”可知，第一段可描写朋友们看到詹姆斯的自行车后的反应和后续发展。
②由第二段首句内容“许多年以后，詹姆斯成功了”可知，第二段可描写多年后，詹姆斯取得的成就和童年事件对他的影响。
2.续写线索：向朋友展示自行车——朋友们表示祝贺——父母鼓励感谢克莱先生——詹姆斯取得成功——帮助有需要的人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.期盼：lking frward t/expect/lng fr
②.实现梦想：t realize his dream/t make his dream cme ture
③.提供各种工作：ffering varius jbs/prviding varius jbs
情绪类
①.感谢：prudly/with pride
②.自豪地：happily/gladly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Excited and cnfident, James tld them the fact that he spent spare time ding varius jbs t realize his dream with mney earned by himself.（形容词作伴随状语和that引导的同位语从句）
[高分句型2] James was encuraged and required by his parents t thank Mr Clay fr the dd-jb business he ffered.（省略that的定语从句）
[高分句型3] He was willing t give gd pinins t pr peple in difficulty, ffering varius jbs and helpful equipment t help them vercme all the challenges and live happy lives. （现在分词短语作伴随状语）
听力答案：1-20 BCBACBCABACACBBAABCC
(时量:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the by ding nw?
A. Studying. B. Playing ball. C. Taking a test.
2. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Shp assistant and custmer.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Mther and sn.
3. Hw des the man get t the bus stp?
A. On ft. B. By car. C. By subway.
4. What is the wman ding?
A. Lking fr things. B. Paying the bill. C. Giving back the key.
5. Why can’t the cmputer get charged?
A. The wire is brken. B. The plug is useless. C. The pwer is cut ff.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Sea animals. B. Plastic pllutin. C. A bld disease.
7. What des the man suggest ding?
A. Launching a campaign.
B. Making canned fd.
C. Taking part in an activity.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man ging t d next week?
A. G n a trip. B. Visit sme friends. C. Buy a suitcase.
9. Why des the man like traveling by air?
A. He likes drawing n the plane.
B. He can enjy the beautiful sky.
C. He thinks it’s fast.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man ding?
A. Making a call.
B. Driving a car.
C. Describing a car accident.
11. What d we knw abut the female passenger?
A. She’s the man’s wife.
B. She was hit by a car.
C. She needs medical care.
12. What des the man ask abut at the end f the cnversatin?
A. What t d. B. Where t park. C. When t arrive.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Wh are the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Senir high schl students.
C. Cllege students.
14. What makes the girl feel a bit anxius abut her graduatin?
A. The credit. B. The lan. C. The teacher.
15. What did the girl d in her schl?
A. She jined a summer camp.
B. She tk part-time jbs.
C. She failed t receive a schlarship.
16. What is the girl ging t d?
A. Take a class. B. Have a meal. C. Discuss the schl life.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 Wh is prbably the speaker?
A. A hstess. B. A tur guide. C. A reprter.
18. Which place will stay wet in the next tw days?
A. Nrthern Britain.
B. Nrthwestern Sctland.
C. Central Britain.
19. What will the weather be like in Ireland n Saturday mrning?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
20. Hw might peple in England feel n Sunday night?
A. Ht. B. Dry. C. Cld.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wales is hme t sme f the UK's mst beautiful drives.Narrw lanes criss-crss the land. meaning travel can be slw-but there's n need t rush.
The Castal Way
This rute(路线）cvers the entire length f Cardigan Bay, and spils travelers with its remte beaches and charming seaside twns.
Cmb the sand fr fssils,shells at Aberdarn Beach,and then hit the rad,heading cast tward Prthmadg. Here yu can hp n a heritage steam train, a relic f the regin's mining histry,t give Snwdnia's skyline yur undivided attentin.
The Cambrian Way
The Cambrian Way, which cuts nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks t its patchwrk fields, dense frests and rlling, sheep-dtted hills.
The rute becmes increasingly wild and rugh as it weaves nrth int Pwys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and yu'll need plenty f energy fr hiking r muntain biking alng the trails.
The Nrth Wales Way
Spanning Wales' shrt but scenic nrth cast, this rute ffers rad trippers a chance t encunter Welsh histry, language and culture in a splendid setting.
Head west thrugh the uncrwded Clwydian Hills until yu reach Ruthin, a little twn brimming with histry,where yu can see its restred castle, century-spanning museum and Victrian Ruthin Gal. Brder Cuntry
Tracing the dtted line that separates England and Wales n a map,this brder-hugging rute will take yu t sme f Wales' mst underrated sites slwly, if yu stick t the narrw back rads.
Starting in the brder twn f Chepstw in Sutheast Wales,make yur way nrthward.Yu can tp t admire the rfless ruins f Tintern Abbey and lesser knwn castes Skenfrith and Grsmnt
1. Which rute best suits peple wh enjy muntain scenery?
A. The Castal Way.
B. The Cambrian Way.
C The Nrth Wales Way
D. Brder Cuntry.
2. What is special abut The Nrth Wales Way?
A. It enables travelers t visit a castle.
B. It is an area f scenic beauty.
C. It ffers a glimpse int Welsh culture.
D. It is a crwd-free escape frm big cities.
3. What is the purpse f the article?
A. T intrduce rad trips in Wales.
B. T intrduce the Welsh landscape.
C. T tell abut Wales' histry.
D. T advertise Wales 'turism industry.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。威尔士拥有英国的一些最美丽的车道，本文介绍了四条不同的风景参观线路，供游客参观。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Cambrian Way”部分“The Cambrian Way,which cuts nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks t its patchwrk fields, dense frests and rlling, sheep-dtted hills.”（寒武纪之路，从北到南穿过威尔士的中心，由于它错落有致的田野，茂密的森林，绵延起伏的山丘，是一个奇妙的地方。）可知，在The Cambrian Way，游客可以看到绵延起伏的山丘。选项B符合题意，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Nrth Wales Way”部分中“Spanning Wales' shrt but scenic nrth cast, this rute ffers rad trippers a chance t encunter Welsh histry, language and culture in a splendid setting. ” （横跨威尔士短小但风景优美的北部海岸，这条路线为公路旅行者提供了一个机会，在一个壮丽的环境中接触威尔士的历史，语言和文化。）可知，这条路线可以帮助人们了解威尔士的文化，选项C符合题意，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Wales is hme t sme f the UK's mst beautiful drives.Narrw lanes criss-crss the land. meaning travel can be slw-but there's n need t rush.”（威尔士是英国最美的地方之一，狭窄的车道纵横交错。也就是说旅行可能会很慢，但是没有必要匆忙。）提到了威尔士美在于其狭窄的车道纵横交错，同时结合下面段落中对威尔士的四条不同的风景参观线路的介绍，可知文章主要介绍了威尔士四条不同的供游客参观风景线路。选项A符合题意，故选A。
B
A 293-millin-mile jurney f the NASA Perseverance rver (探测器)t Mars ended successfully n February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezer Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rver, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agency’s biggest and mst advanced explrer t date. Its primary missin is t search fr signs f ancient micrbial(微生物的)life n Mars.
Landing n Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitatinal(引力的) pull causes appraching spacecraft t g faster t high speeds, while its thin atmsphere—just ne percent that f Earth’s—des little t help slw it dwn as it appraches the surface.
The scientists had t reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed t a safe landing speed f less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle als had t be a precise 12 degrees—any steeper, and the spacecraft wuld burn up; any flatter, and it wuld get lst in space. It is n wnder that the final apprach is ften referred t as the “seven minutes f terrr”.
Upn attaining a manageable speed Percy briefly flew ver the Martian surface t seek ut the perfect landing spt. Its cmplex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database t find the best lcatin.
The NASA scientists will spend the next tw mnths testing Percy’s scientific instruments. Once ready, the rver will begin t carry ut its missin.
“Perseverance is the smartest rbt ever made, but cnfirming that micrbial life nce existed carries an unusually large burden f prf,” said Lri Glaze, directr f NASA’s Planetary Science Divisin.“ While we’ll learn a lt with the great instruments we have abard the rver, it may very well require the far mre well-equipped labratries and delicate instruments back here n Earth t tell us whether ur samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars nce harbred life.”
4. What is the extrardinary challenge fr the rver t land n Mars?
A. The speed reductin.
B. The atmsphere analysis.
C. The lcatin search.
D. The time management.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Ways t find the precise entry angle.
B. Cnsequences f wrng entry degree.
C. Factrs t survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasns fr the necessity f speed reducing.
6. What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. The space.B. The area.
C. The system.D. The surface.
7. What can be inferred frm Lri Glaze’s wrds?
A. Instruments abard the rver are nt quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able t cllect enugh evidence needed.
C. Man still has a lng way t g t prve there was life n Mars.
D. Samples f Mars will be returned sn t the labs n the Earth.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“毅力号”火星探测器的主要任务，以及其登陆火星过程中的情况。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Red Planet’s gravitatinal(引力的) pull causes appraching spacecraft t g faster t high speeds, while its thin atmsphere—just ne percent that f Earth’s—des little t help slw it dwn as it appraches the surface.(这颗红色星球的引力使接近的航天器更快地达到高速，而它稀薄的大气层(只有地球的百分之一)在接近表面时几乎没有帮助它减速。)”可知，火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快速行进，并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几乎没有帮助，故减速是“毅力号”探测器登陆火星的特别挑战。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The scientists had t reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed t a safe landing speed f less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle als had t be a precise 12 degrees(科学家们必须在六分半钟内将Percy的1.2万英里/每小时的速度降低到不到每小时5英里的安全着陆速度。目标进入角度也必须精确到12度)”以及“It is n wnder that the final apprach is ften referred t as the “seven minutes f terrr”.(难怪最后一段时间通常被称为“恐怖的七分钟”)”可知，该段主要介绍了“恐怖七分钟”的生存因素：降低速度和精确的切入角度。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前句内容“Its cmplex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area (其复杂的地图读取系统快速扫描该区域)”可知，将Percy数据库中的地图与扫描的区域进行匹配，由此找到最佳的着陆位置。故推断it指代该句中的“the area”。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While we’ll learn a lt with the great instruments we have abard the rver, it may very well require the far mre well-equipped labratries and delicate instruments back here n Earth t tell us whether ur samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars nce harbred life.(虽然我们将通过探测器上的强大仪器了解到很多东西，但很可能需要地球上设备更完善的实验室和精密的仪器来告诉我们，我们的样本是否携带了火星曾经存在生命的证据。)”可知，确认火星曾经存在过微生物需要大量的证据，而携带这些证据的样本又需要装备更加齐全的实验室以及精密的仪器才能进行分析。据此可推知,人类要证明火星上曾有生命还有很长的路要走。故选C。
C
Eln Musk isn’t cntent with electric cars, shting peple int rbit and ppulating Mars. He als wants t get inside yur brain.
His gal is t develp devices that can prvide treatment t neural (神经的) diseases and that may ne day be pwerful enugh t put humanity n an equal fting with pssible future super intelligent cmputers.
Nt that it’s anywhere clse t that yet.
In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the yung cmpany is far frm having a cmmercial prduct, which wuld invlve cmplex human trials and gvernmental apprval. Friday’s vide shwed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a funder f bth the electric car cmpany Tesla Mtrs and the space-explratin firm SpaceX, has always been wrried abut that smarter AI machines will utwit humans. His slutin? Link ur brains t cmputers s we can keep up with r even win ver them in intelligence!
Musk urged cders (程序员), engineers and especially peple wh have actually created a prduct t apply. “Yu dn’t need t have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is smething that can be learned n the jb.
Cnnecting a brain up directly t electrnics is nt new. Dctrs have already put similar devices in brains t treat such cnditins as Parkinsn’s disease. In 2016, researchers reprted that a man regained sme mvement in his wn hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s prpsal ges beynd this. Neuralink wants t build n thse existing medical treatments and wrk n devices that culd link ur brains t cmputers ne day.
8. What can we learn abut the first versin f the Neuralink?
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a persn’s head.
C. It has t be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “utwit” in paragraph 6?
A. cpyB. defeatC. understandD. destry
10. What kind f candidates des Eln Musk particularly want?
A. Smene wh als wants t create the same device.
B. Dctrs wh already knw hw t treat brain diseases.
C. Peple wh have already designed sme unique prduct.
D. Engineers wh are gd at linking brains t cmputers.
11. Where is this text likely frm?
A. An advertisement.B. A test reprt.
C. A science fictin nvel.D. A news reprt.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 Eln Musk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是 寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了 Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。它被设计成放在一个人的大脑里面。该设备的早期版本像一个巨大的助听器一样必须被放在耳朵后面)”可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“His slutin? Link ur brains t cmputers s we can keep up with r even win ver them in intelligence!(他的解决方案？把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们)”可推断，Eln Musk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类由此他的解决方案是将人类的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样就能跟上AI甚至打败他们。故推测划线词的意思表示“打败”，与defeat意思相近。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段“Musk urged cders (程序员), engineers and especially peple wh have actually created a prduct t apply. (Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了一种产品人来申请)”可知，Eln Musk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是为了招聘新员工的视频中，马斯克展示了第二个版本的Neuralink，这是一种大硬币大小的设备。它被设计用来植入人的大脑。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样放在耳朵后面)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Eln Musk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品——最新推出的Neuralink人机接口设备进行的报道和说明。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选D。
D
On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu’re bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷). With n fat and just a quarter f the calries in a whle egg, the whites lk like the best chice at first glance. Nt s fast, thugh new research shws a gd reasn why yu might want t keep the ylk (蛋黄) in if yu want t get fit. Plus, frget the bad impressin that the chlesterl (胆固醇) in ylks has gtten in the past. The USDA remved limits n dietary chlesterl in its mst recent dietary guidelines. It’s all because evidence desn’t back up claims that the chlesterl yu eat has much influence n bld chlesterl levels.
In a recent study, researchers had ten yung men eat either whle eggs r egg whites after cmpleting a strength-training wrkut. Bth egg chices cntained 18 grams f prtein, and the eggs were develped with chemical markers. Thanks t them, the researchers tracked hw the men’s bdies used amin acids (氨基酸) frm the eggs and egg whites, and fund sme surprising results. Abut 65 t 70 percent f amin acids were available in the bld fr bth the whle egg and egg white grups suggesting they’d be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest f the results didn’t back up that cnclusin.
When the researchers lked specifically at hw much prtein synthesis — the prcess that helps muscles repair and grw — ccurred, ne frm f egg clearly did better than the ther. “Having whle eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater prtein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study authr Nichlas Burd in a statement.
Althugh this study was t small I t be cnclusive, its cnclusin backs up whle egg benefits that nutritinists have been praising fr years. Frm their pint f view egg whites are high-prtein, lw-calrie, but the ylk cntains nearly all f an egg’s vitamins. And ne study fund that adults wh eat whle eggs in the mrning lse mre weight and bdy fat than thse wh get the same number f calries frm a bread-based breakfast. While n large studies have lked int the weight-lss benefits f whle eggs vs egg whites, there’s als n evidence that the 140 calries in tw whle large eggs shuld scare yu away. Crack n, egg lvers.
12. What’s implied in Paragraph 1?
A. The whites can help peple have a gd shape.
B. The ylk’s functin is different frm the whites.
C. Peple tend t cnsider the ylk t be unhealthy.
D. The ylk has much t d with bld chlesterl levels.
13. Why were the eggs develped with chemical markers?
A. T help prcess the prteins better.
B. T make them healthier fr peple.
C. T track the amin acids during digestin.
D. T help the bdy cnsume amin acids.
14. The findings f the recent study mainly shw that_________.
A. amin acids are easy t get in eggs
B. eating the whle egg helps build muscles
C. the ylk f the egg is better than the white
D. eggs can prduce mre prteins than any ther kinds f fd_________.
15. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Egg Whites VS Whle Eggs
B. Egg White Omelets r Just the Ylk
C. The Crrect Way t Build Muscles
D. Unknwn Facts abut Egg White Omelets
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文时一篇说明文。研究发现，吃全蛋比只吃蛋白更有利于肌肉的修复和增长。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu're bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷).(在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会看到一个蛋清煎蛋卷)”可知，人们认为只吃蛋白是健康的。由此推知，人们往往认为蛋黄不健康。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bth egg chices cntained 18 grams f prtein, and the eggs were develped with chemical markers. Thanks t them, the researchers tracked hw the men’s bdies used amin acids (氨基酸) frm the eggs and egg whites, and fund sme surprising results. (两种鸡蛋都含有18克蛋白质，这些鸡蛋都带有化学标记。多亏了他们，研究人员追踪了这些男性的身体是如何利用鸡蛋和蛋白中的氨基酸的，并发现了一些令人惊讶的结果)”可推知，用化学标记物培育鸡蛋是为了追踪消化时产生的氨基酸。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When the researchers lked specifically at hw much prtein synthesis — the prcess that helps muscles repair and grw — ccurred, ne frm f egg clearly did better than the ther. “Having whle eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater prtein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study authr Nichlas Burd in a statement. (当研究人员专门观察蛋白质合成的多少时——这个过程有助于肌肉的修复和生长——发现一种形式的鸡蛋明显比另一种更好。“运动后立即吃全蛋比只吃蛋清能产生更多的蛋白质合成，”该研究的主要作者尼古拉斯·伯德在一份声明中说)”可知，最近的研究结果主要表明，吃全蛋有助于增强肌肉。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu’re bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷). With n fat and just a quarter f the calries in a whle egg, the whites lk like the best chice at first glance. Nt s fast, thugh new research shws a gd reasn why yu might want t keep the ylk (蛋黄) in if yu want t get fit. (在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会发现蛋清煎蛋卷。鸡蛋蛋白不含脂肪，热量只有整个鸡蛋的四分之一，乍一看是最好的选择。虽然最新研究表明，如果你想保持健康，你可能会想保留蛋黄，但速度不会太快)”及下文论述可知，文章主要讲的是一个有关吃蛋白和吃全蛋哪个更好的研究。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
D yu always get angry abut smething? D yu always take things t persnally? D yu find yurself thinking peple are laughing at yu in public places? ___16___ If yu are sensitive abut smething, yu are easily wrried and angry when peple talk abut it.
___17___ Actually, sensitive peple can appreciate fd, the sund f music, the different clrs f nature, r even traffic. They can als ntice small differences in meaning, making them mre emtinally(感情上地) intelligent and mre creative.
Hwever, it can als be a terrible burden(负担) if left uncared fr. ___18___ S yu shuld d smething t stp being t sensitive. Fr example, recgnize thse peple wh ften leave yu feeling tired in life and avid them. Instead, surrund yurself with peple wh will make yu feel bright and happy. If yu cnstantly feel negative abut yurself, yu’ll struggle with being sensitive. ___19___
Anther imprtant thing t d is frgive thse wh have wrnged yu. Often sensitive peple aren’t gd at letting things g. ___20___ This is unhealthy as it’ll keep yu frm enjying bth the present and the future. Take the lessn; leave the pain.
In a wrd, thugh being sensitive is certainly a challenge, yu can deal with it crrectly by taking prper effrts.
A. Why are sme peple sensitive?
B. Being a bit sensitive isn’t a bad thing.
C. Yu are sensitive and yu can’t change that.
D. If the answer t any f these questins is yes, yu are sensitive.
E. As a result, they find it difficult t mve n frm painful experiences.
F. S when a negative thught cmes, crrect it with smething psitive.
G. Sensitive peple always put t much pressure n themselves and tend nt t take care f themselves prperly.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何克服敏感。
【详解】1. 上文“D yu always get angry abut smething? D yu always take things t persnally? D yu find yurself thinking peple are laughing at yu in public places?(你总是为某事生气吗？你总是把事情看得太私人化吗？你觉得人们在公共场所嘲笑你吗？)”提出了一些问题；下文“If yu are sensitive abut smething, yu are easily wrried and angry when peple talk abut it.(如果你对某事很敏感，当人们谈论它时，你很容易感到担心和愤怒)”提到如果你对某事敏感，这会对你产生一些影响，由此可知，空处应用与“敏感”有关，D项“如果对上述任何一个问题的答案是肯定的，那你就是敏感的”符合，承上启下，D项中的“these questins”指代的是空前提出的问题，引出本文的话题，并为下文介绍敏感的后果作铺垫，符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据空后的内容“Actually, sensitive peple can appreciate fd, the sund f music, the different clrs f nature, r even traffic. They can als ntice small differences in meaning, making them mre emtinally(感情上地) intelligent and mre creative.(事实上，敏感的人可以欣赏食物，音乐的声音，大自然的不同颜色，甚至交通。他们也能注意到意义上的细微差别，使他们在情感上更聪明，更有创造力)”可知，适当的敏感是有好处的，故B项“有点敏感并不是一件坏事”符合语境，概括本段内容。故选B。
3. 空前“Hwever, it can als be a terrible burden(负担) if left uncared fr. (然而，如果置之不理，它也可能成为一个可怕的负担)”指出如果不加以重视，过度的敏感也会成为一种可怕的负担。故G项“敏感的人总是给自己施加太多的压力，往往不会好好照顾自己”承接上文，具体介绍敏感是如何成为负担的，符合语境。故选G。
4. 空前“If yu cnstantly feel negative abut yurself, yu'll struggle with being sensitive.(如果你总是对自己感到消极，你会很难变得敏感)”指出总是对自己感到消极，会很难变得敏感，F项“所以当消极的想法出现时，用积极的东西来纠正它”是针对空前内容提出的建议，符合语境。故选F。
5. 空前“Often sensitive peple aren’t gd at letting things g.(敏感的人往往不善于放手)”指出敏感的人往往不善于放手，E项“因此，他们很难从痛苦的经历中走出来”承接上文，具体介绍了敏感人群这一特征的结果，符合语境。故选E。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。
Research shws that when we are absrbed in an activity, even minr distractins can have a huge effect. Accrding t a study, regaining ur ___21___drive fllwing an interruptin can take abut 20 minutes.
Multitasking, as many studies have shwn, is a myth. A mre accurate accunt f what happens when we tell urselves we are multitasking is that we’re rapidly ___22___ between activities, sucking ur mental energy. And the ___23___ can be surprisingly serius. An experiment fund that we lse as many as 10 IQ pints when we allw ur wrk t be ___24___ by distractins like emails and text messages.
The ___25___ is that multitasking is enjyable. It’s fun t satisfy yur curisity. Wh knws what that next email r text message hlds ___26___ ? Finding ut prvides immediate satisfactin. In cntrast, ___27___ distractins and staying n task requires discipline and mental effrt. S, what are we t d? Our strategy is t change the ___28___ t mve temptatin further away: shut dwn yur email prgram r ___29___yur phne. It’s a lt easier t stay n task when yu’re nt cntinuusly fighting ff mental desires. The ____30____ , which mst f us cnsider cmmn, is similar t dieting in a bakery. We all need the willpwer t resist the temptatins, but ding s cmes with cnsiderable csts t ur limited supply f willpwer.
Anther wrthwhile ____31____ is t cllect similar activities tgether, keeping transitin time t a ____32____ pint. Instead f spreading phne calls, meetings and emails thrughut yur day, try ____33____ related tasks s that there are fewer transitins.
In sme jbs, multitasking is ____34____. Sme f us truly d need t stay cnnected t ur clients, clleagues and managers. S it’s wrth nting that limiting disruptins is the nly slutin. Remember the mre yu d t minimize task switching ver the curse f the day, the mre ability yu’ll have fr activities that actually ____35____ . Even small changes can make a big difference.
21. A. innerB. persnalC. initialD. ambitius
22. A. planningB. cuntingC. swappingD. switching
23. A. benefitsB. reasnsC. cnsequencesD. challenges
24. A. changedB. interruptedC. guidedD. adapted
25. A. trubleB. emphasisC. advantageD. practice
26. A. in stckB. in streC. in checkD. in pssessin
27. A. leavingB. creatingC. resistingD. mistaking
28. A. expectatinB. taskC. envirnmentD. visin
29. A. answerB. silenceC. replaceD. pick
30. A. alternativeB. taskC. accuntD. access
31. A. researchB. aspectC. reactinD. apprach
32. A. minimumB. maximumC. turningD. fixed
33. A. analyzingB. grupingC. assigningD. undertaking
34. A. disturbingB. annyingC. unavidableD. unnecessary
35. A. matterB. functinC. wrkD. interfere
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述当我们专心于某件事情的时候，即使是很小的分心，也会产生较大影响，所以多任务是不被鼓励的但是有时候是不可避免的，所以我们可以学会把相似的事情分成一组，同时做，这样可以减少转换时间，减少脑力消耗。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。A. inner内部的，内心的；B. persnal个人的；C. initial最初的；D. ambitius雄心勃勃的。根据前文“Research shws that when we are absrbed in an activity”可知，当我们全神贯注于一项活动时，分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们告诉自己正在多任务处理时，更准确的解释是，我们在各种活动之间快速切换，消耗了我们的精神能量。A. planning计划；B. cunting起作用；C. swapping交换；D. switching转换。根据前文“Multitasking”以及后文的“between activities”可知，此处强调，当我们在处理多任务的时候，我们需要在各个活动之间快速切换。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：影响可能是惊人地严重。A. benefits益处；B. reasns理由；C. cnsequences结果；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“An experiment fund that we lse as many as 10 IQ pints when we allw ur wrk t be ___4___ by distractins like emails and text messages.”可知，通过实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点，这个影响是惊人地严重。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点。A. changed改变；B. interrupted打扰；C. guided指导；D. adapted适应。根据后文“by distractins like emails and text messages”可知，那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人烦恼的是多任务是有趣的。A. truble麻烦，烦恼；B. emphasis重点；C. advantage优势；D. practice实践。根据后文“It’s fun t satisfy yur curisity.”可知，进行多任务是有趣的，因为它能够满足你的好奇心。故设空处与前文构成转折关系，虽然处理多重任务有着惊人地消极影响，但让人烦扰的是它却是有趣的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息？A. in stck有存货；B. in stre贮存着，将要发生；C. in check在控制中；D. in pssessin拥有。根据后文“next email r text message”可知，谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，抵制干扰和专注于任务需要自律和精神努力。A. leaving离开；B. creating创造；C. resisting抵制；D. mistaking认错。根据前文“In cntrast”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，前文讲述出于好奇，人们会被短信或者邮箱所吸引走，但是此处表示要抵制干扰。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们策略是改变环境，远离诱惑：关闭你的电子邮件程序或让手机静音。A. expectatin期望；B. task工作，任务；C. envirnment环境；D. visin视觉。根据后文“mve temptatin further away: shut dwn yur email prgram r ___9___ yur phne.”可知，通过关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. answer回答；B. silence使沉默；C. replace取代；D. pick挑拣。根据前文“shut dwn yur email prgram”可知，此处表示关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种选择，我们大多数人都认为很常见，类似于在面包店节食。A. alternative可选择的事务；B. task任务；C. accunt账户；D. access通道。根据后文“is similar t dieting in a bakery”可知，我们抵制干扰和专注于任务就像在面包店节食一样的选择。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个有价值的方法是将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。A. research研究；B. aspect方面；C. reactin反应；D. apprach途径。根据前文“Our strategy is t change the ___8___ t mve temptatin further away.”可知，此处强调另外一个抵制干扰和专注于任务的方法。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. minimum最小的；B. maximum最大的；C. turning转变的；D. fixed固定的。根据前文“Accrding t a study, regaining ur ___1___ drive fllwing an interruptin can take abut 20 minutes.”以及“cllect similar activities tgether”可知，此处强调将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组，这样就可以减少过渡。A. analyzing分析；B. gruping聚集；C. assigning指派；D. undertaking承担。根据前文“Instead f spreading phne calls, meetings and emails thrughut yur day”可知，不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。A. disturbing令人困扰的；B. annying令人恼怒的；C. unavidable不可避免的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据后文“Sme f us truly d need t stay cnnected t ur clients, clleagues and managers. ”可知，在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住，你在一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事情。A. matter要紧；B. functin发挥功能；C. wrk有效果；D. interfere干涉。根据后文“Even small changes can make a big difference.”可知，此处强调一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After I ___36___ (lse) my right hand in a car accident tw years ag, I began t withdraw int myself, ___37___ (believe) I wuld never be able t lead a nrmal life again. I ___38___ (equip) with an artificial hand, but it did nt feel like part f me.
Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three mnths ag, ___39___ , all that changed when I was given the chance t test a new rbtic hand.
Scientists have been making great prgress in rbtic technlgy in recent years, and their wrk n rbtic limbs ___40___ (change) my life. With my new hand, I can mve my individual fingers and hld n t small things like pens and pencils. Mre ___41___ (amazing), my rbtic hand is capable f feeling varying degrees f pressure, just like a real hand. In additin, it lks very lifelike with special rubber ___42___ (use) n the utside.
I have rediscvered all the hbbies ___43___ I had enjyed befre my accident. Fr example, I have been cking fr my family again ___44___ I gt my new hand. Nt nly can I d mre, but I have als becme ___45___ (cnfident) and utging. I’m s grateful fr all the new pssibilities my rbtic hand has pened up.
【答案】36. lst
37. believing
38. was equipped
39. hwever
40. has changed
41. amazingly
42. used 43. that
44. since 45. mre cnfident
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者在车祸中失去右手后装了一个假肢，但是不好用，后来作者新装了一个机械手后一切都改变了。
【36题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：在两年前的一场车祸中失去右手后，我开始自我封闭，认为自己再也不能过正常的生活了。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“tw years ag”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填lst。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意同上。动词believe和逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填believing。
【38题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：我装了一只假手，但感觉它不像我的一部分。主语I和动词equip之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语I表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was equipped。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，三个月前，当我有机会测试一只新的机械手时，一切都改变了。上文提到假肢不好用，即使是很简单的事情也很难完成，与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系，应用副词hwever“然而”。故填hwever。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，科学家在机器人技术方面取得了巨大的进步，他们在机器人肢体方面的研究改变了我的生活。根据连词and可知，此处和前一个分句一致，用现在完成时，主语wrk是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has changed。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像真正的手一样。此处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填amazingly。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：此外，它的外部使用了特殊的橡胶，看起来非常逼真。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，动词use和宾语special rubber是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作宾补。故填used。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我重新找回了事故前的所有爱好。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是hbbies，且被不定代词all修饰，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：例如，自从我有了新手，我又开始为我的家人做饭了。结合句意可知，此处指“自从我有了新手”，用连词since“自从”。故填since。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我不仅可以做更多的事情，而且我也变得更加自信和外向。根据mre可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填mre cnfident。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Tm近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生的体育锻炼情况。请给Tm写一封回信，内容包括:
1.中国高中生参加体育运动的现状；
2.分析该现状产生的原因；
3.你自己的感想。
注意:1. 词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tm,
Delighted t receive yur letter. And I’m writing t tell yu smething abut Chinese high schl students’ physical exercise.
With the increasing pressure frm the natinal cllege entrance exam, mre and mre students have t sacrifice the time fr sprts t prepare fr the exam, which is s imprtant fr their future develpment. They nly have ne P.E. class a week, bviusly nt enugh. Actually, mst f the students are eager t take part in sprts, but they are s ccupied with their study.
In my view, imprtant thugh it is fr them t have a better perfrmance in the exam, health is equally imprtant. Withut a strng bdy, we wuld achieve nthing in ur life. I hpe all students can rerganize their timetable and try t build up their bdy.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本书面表达是一篇提纲类作文。要求以李华的名义给Tm写一封回信。
【详解】首先审题，这篇文章要求假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tm近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生的体育锻炼情况。请给Tm写一封回信，内容包括：1.中国高中生参加体育运动的现状；2.分析该现状产生的原因；3.你自己的感想。其次选用正确的人称和时态，用一般现在时，用第一人称来写。然后写出单个句子，使用正确的连词，连句成段。具体来说，写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文章思连贯，符全逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，是一篇较好的范文。这简短文使用了大量的复合句。例如：使用了定语从句With the increasing pressure frm the natinal cllege entrance exam ,mre and mre students have t sacrifice the time fr sprts t prepare fr the exam, which is s imprtant fr their future develpment和宾语从句I hpe all students can rerganize their timetable and try t build up their bdy.
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
James shk his mney bx again. Nthing! He carefully cunted the cins that lay n the bed. $ 24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was $90! Hw n earth was he ging t get the rest f the mney? He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was hard t hang arund with peple when yu were the nly ne withut wheels. He thught abut what he culd d. There was n need t ask his parents fr he knew they had n mney t spare.
There was nly ne way t get mney, and that was t earn it. He wuld have t find a jb. But wh wuld hire him and what culd he d? He decided t ask Mr Clay fr advice, wh usually had pinins in mst things. “Well, yu can start right here,” said Mr Clay. “My windws need cleaning and my car needs washing.’’ That was the beginning f James’ dd-jb (零工) business. Fr three mnths he wrked every day after finishing his hmewrk. He was surprised by the varius jbs that peple fund fr him t d. He tk dgs and babies fr walks, cleared ut cupbards, and mended bks. He frgt the number f cars he washed and windws he cleaned, but the mney increased and he knew that he wuld sn have enugh fr the bicycle he was dying fr. The day finally came when James cunted his mney and fund $ 94.32. He wasted n time and went dwn t the shp t pick up the bicycle he wanted.
It had been hard wrk fr the mney, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far mre since he had bught it with his wn mney. He had achieved what he thught was impssible, and that was wrth even mre than the bicycle.
Paragraph 1:
He rde prudly hme, lking frward t shwing his new bicycle t his friends.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Many years later, James succeeded in
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
He rde prudly hme, lking frward t shwing his new bicycle t his friends. His friends were mre than glad that James wned his bicycle s that they culd make a trip tgether. Excited and cnfident, James tld them the fact that he spent spare time ding varius jbs t realize his dream with mney earned by himself. All f his friends admired him fr his hard wrk that they wuld learn frm him, achieving their gals withut giving up Ging hme happily. James was encuraged and required by his parents t thank Mr Clay fr the dd-jb business he ffered. Thinking f s many surprising jbs, James understd all f them, mved t tears.
Paragraph 2:
Many years later, James succeeded in running a cmpany with the name f Gd Opinins. He was willing t give gd pinins t pr peple in difficulty, ffering varius jbs and helpful equipment t help them vercme all the challenges and live happy lives. He used his life t thank Mr Clay and spread his kind spirits.
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了詹姆斯在克莱先生的帮助下，通过自己的劳动，赚钱购买了梦寐以求的自行车的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他骄傲地骑回家，期待着向朋友们展示他的新自行车”可知，第一段可描写朋友们看到詹姆斯的自行车后的反应和后续发展。
②由第二段首句内容“许多年以后，詹姆斯成功了”可知，第二段可描写多年后，詹姆斯取得的成就和童年事件对他的影响。
2.续写线索：向朋友展示自行车——朋友们表示祝贺——父母鼓励感谢克莱先生——詹姆斯取得成功——帮助有需要的人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.期盼：lking frward t/expect/lng fr
②.实现梦想：t realize his dream/t make his dream cme ture
③.提供各种工作：ffering varius jbs/prviding varius jbs
情绪类
①.感谢：prudly/with pride
②.自豪地：happily/gladly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Excited and cnfident, James tld them the fact that he spent spare time ding varius jbs t realize his dream with mney earned by himself.（形容词作伴随状语和that引导的同位语从句）
[高分句型2] James was encuraged and required by his parents t thank Mr Clay fr the dd-jb business he ffered.（省略that的定语从句）
[高分句型3] He was willing t give gd pinins t pr peple in difficulty, ffering varius jbs and helpful equipment t help them vercme all the challenges and live happy lives. （现在分词短语作伴随状语）
听力答案：1-20 BCBACBCABACACBBAABCC
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