专题07 无提示词之填代词（解析版）-备战2023年高考英语语法填空技巧指导＋精做50题冲刺100分

专题07-无提示词之填代词[技法指导]1.it 的用法(1)it可用作人称代词,用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。(2)it作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词-ing形式、名词性从句。(3)表示“喜欢、憎恨”等心理方面的动词后常接it作形式宾语,然后再接真正宾语(宾语从句),这类动词有 enjoy, prefer, love, like, hate, dislike, appreciate 等。2.不定代词和替代词的用法(1)both, either, neither 都强调两者,可作主语、宾语和定语。neither 表示“两者都不”,either 表示“两者中任何一个”,both 表示“两者都”。(2)all和none都强调三者或三者以上,all表示“全部都”,而 none 表示“全部都不”。(3)another 表示“(三者以上中的)另一个,再一个”。the other 意为“(两者中的)另一个”。other 意为“其余的,另外的”。 others 泛指其余的人或物。(4)that/those可用来替代前面出现过的名词。that替代单数名词或不可数名词,而those替代复数名词或集合名词。(5)one指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为ones。3.缺少主语或宾语,可以考虑填代词。所填代词主要是人称代词和作形式主语、宾语或强调句式的it。[示例](2018·全国卷I) If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.[分析] 考查代词。设空处作 give 的宾语,需填名词或代词,因此用it代替上文中的 running。故填 it。〖精练细做50题〗1.（2017全国II）However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using __________ every day. 【答案】it【解析】句意：然而，铁路很快被证实是个巨大的成功，而且不到半年，每天乘坐火车的人超过了两万五千人。这里指代前面提到的railway，故用it。2.(2014广东) Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said __________ was a wonderful holiday destination.【答案】it【解析】句意：去年，我和哥哥去迈阿密度假。一些以前去过那里的朋友说那是个度假的好去处。这里指前面提到的地点名词Miami，故填代词it。3. Don’t take________ for granted that whatever you see is true.【答案】it【详解】考查固定句型和形式宾语it。句意：不要想当然地认为你看到的一切都是真的。take it for granted that...是固定句型，意为“认为……是理所当然”，其中it作形式宾语，that从句是宾语从句。故填it。4．You may depend on ___________that all goods will be shipped abroad in time.【答案】it【详解】考查固定用法。句意：你可以放心，所有的货物都会及时运往国外。depend on后跟宾语从句时，先接形式宾语it，再接宾语从句，depend on it that…表示“相信……”。故填it。5．_____is known to us all that the 2022 Olympic Winter Games will take place in Beijing.【答案】It【详解】考查it做形式主语。句意：众所周知，2022年冬季奥运会将在北京举行。It is known to all that…是常用句型，表示“众所周知……”，it做形式主语，that引导主语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填It。6．A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than ________ (that) who are not.【答案】those【详解】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比那些不参加的学生更快乐。由句意可知，此处为those指代前面the students，代词those一般指代上文提到的同一类事物的可数名词复数形式。故填those。7．An important factor affecting happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ________ of other people. 【答案】that【详解】考查代词。句意：影响幸福感的一个重要因素是（人们）倾向于将自己的处境与他人的处境进行比较。根据句意可知，在动词短语compare ...with...中，相比较的对象应同类异物，将自己的处境与其他人的处境进行比较，one’s situation为单数，设空处特指“他人的处境”，应用代词that代替situation，故填that。8.  (2014辽宁) Raise your leg and let _________ stay in the air for seconds.【答案】it【解析】句意：把你的腿抬起来，让它在空中停留一会。这里指前面提到的单数名词leg，故填it。9. Mike lost his school ID card this morning. He is looking for _________ now.【答案】it【解析】句意：今天早上迈克把他的学生证丢了。他现在正在寻找它。指代前句出现的可数名词的单数card，故用代词it。10.（2018全国I） If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __________ a try. 【答案】it【解析】句意：如果你时间少，你需要用一半的时间来跑步以获得与其他运动相同的益处，所以我们都应该试试跑步。It指前面提到的“跑步”。11. He is seventy years old, but he doesn’t look _______.【答案】it【解析】句意：他七十岁了，但是看上去不像七十岁的人。这里的it指前面说的“七十岁”。12. （2018浙江）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap __________ can be to eat out. 【答案】it【解析】句意：很多来西方人来到中国后，一旦意识到在外面吃饭那么便宜，做饭就比在自己国家少多了。how引导宾语从句，it在从句中作形式主语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to eat out。13. Do you think   ____     acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house?【答案】it【解析】句意：你认为一群妇女在你房子附近的广场随着高声的音乐跳舞可以接受吗？it作形式宾语，acceptable是宾语补足语，真正的宾语是不定式的复合结构for a group of women to dance。当不定式作宾语时，后面还有宾语补足语，不定式要后置，而在宾语的位置用it作形式宾语。14. ____________ is reported that a bus fell into a river yesterday. Luckily, nobody was hurt.【答案】It【解析】句意：据报道，昨天有辆公共汽车掉到河里。幸运的是没有人受伤。It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。15.Mary used to be a manager at a big company, but she gave up _______ job when she became a mother. 【答案】Its【解析】句意：玛丽曾经是一个大公司的经理，但是她做了妈妈后就辞了工作。修饰名词job，应用形容词性物主代词，主语是she，故物主代词用her。16．It suddenly occurred to him _____ he had left his keys in the office.【答案】that【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：他突然想起他把钥匙忘记在办公室里了。occurr to sb 意为“被想到，出现在头脑中”，根据句子结构分析可知题干中it是形式主语，真正的主语是名词性从句“ _____ he had left his keys in the office”。通过分析从句“he had left his keys in the office（他把钥匙落在了办公室里）”句意完整，不缺成分，所以填that。在名词性从句中that没有任何意思也不充当句子成分，只是在句中起引导作用。故填that。17．Always keep __________ in mind that a measure of hope will take you through the unpleasant situation. 【答案】it【详解】考查代词。句意：始终要记住一种希望的措施会带你度过令人不愉快的处境。keep it  in mind that “牢记……”是固定句型，it是形式宾语，that引导的句子为真正的宾语。故填it。18．John didn’t choose any of the three jackets because he found ________ of them satisfactory. 【答案】none【详解】考查代词。句意：这三件夹克约翰都没选，因为他觉得没有一件令人满意。根据前文的three jackets可知，此处表示的数量多于三件衣服，同时根据句意此处表示完全否定。故填none。19．In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in________，knives and forks.【答案】others【详解】考查代词。句意：在一些国家里，人们用筷子吃饭，而在________，人们用刀叉吃饭。others“其他的”，表示泛指。根据句中的关键词some countries(一些国家)可知，空格处表示“其他的国家”。故填others。20. I am in a group with Tom, Jack and Kate. My English is much better than _______!【答案】Its【解析】句意：我和汤姆，杰克和凯特在一个组。我的英文比他们好的多。这里指Tong, Jack and Kate’s English，故用名词性物主代词theirs。21. I happened to meet a friend of _______ in the National Library.【答案】mine【解析】句意：我碰巧在国家图书馆碰见我的一位老朋友。a friend of mine意为“我的一位老朋友”。22.（2014福建）We must keep reminding _________ that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it. 【答案】ourselves【解析】句意：我们必须提醒自己由奢入俭朴难，由俭入奢易。由句意可知填反身代词ourselves。23．She'd lived in London and Manchester，but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.【答案】neither【详解】考查代词。句意：她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特住过，但她都不喜欢，于是迁居到剑桥。语境表明空格处用表示二者完全否定的不定代词。none用于三者或三者以上的否定，neither用于二者的完全否定。故填neither。24. I’d appreciate_____________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.【答案】it【详解】考查代词it。句意：如果你能提前告诉我你是否来，我将不胜感激。I’d appreciate it if表示“如果……我将不胜感激”，it作形式宾语，指代下文if从句的内容。故填it。25. The Smiths didn’t enjoy ___________ during the tennis camp because of the terrible weather.【答案】themselves【解析】句意：史密斯夫妇在网球营期间过得并不开心，因为天气很糟糕。enjoy oneself意为“过得愉快”。反身代词使用时必须与句子的主语在人称和数上保持一致，本句的主语为the Smiths（史密斯夫妇），故反身代词用themselves。26. In her mind, helping others is just helping ____________(she). 【答案】herself【解析】句意：在她看来，帮助别人就是帮助她自己。这里作宾语，且动作指向自身，应用反身代词herself。27. I have a bad cold. ___________ is why I didn’t go to school.【答案】That【解析】句意：我患了重感冒。那就是为什么我没去上学的原因。此处指代上文“我患重感冒”的事，故填that，而指示代词this指代下文要出现的内容。28. I want to know _______: Is Mary here? 【答案】this【解析】句意：我想知道的是玛丽在这没有。这里指代下文的Is Mary here?，故填指示代词this。29. The weather in Harbin is colder than ____________ in Shanghai.【答案】that【解析】句意：哈尔滨的天气比上海的天气冷。替代前面出现的不可数名词weather，应用that。30. More often than not，young readers find the novels of Dickens far more exciting than of Thackeray．【答案】those【解析】句意：年轻读者越来越发现狄更斯的小说比撒克里的小说更令人兴奋。those替代前面出现过的名词novels。31. At our factory there are a few machines similar to the __________ described in this magazine.【答案】ones【解析】句意：我们工厂有几台机器和这个杂志上描述的很相似。ones是替代词，代替前面出现过的名词machines。32. To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then __________of her colleagues.【答案】that【解析】句意：使德拉高兴的是，她首先得到了学生们的信任，接着又得到了同事们的信任。that是替代词，代替前面出现过的名词trust。33. After the student left, the teacher let _________ student taste the water. （2010广东）【答案】another【解析】句意：这个学生离开后，老师让另一个学生品尝这水。another表示不确定数目中的另一个。34. Mary asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but             of them wants to, because they have work to do.【答案】neither【解析】句意：玛丽请比尔和皮特和她一起去野餐，但是他们俩都不想去，因为他有活要干。两者之间的全部否定用neither。35. My brother would like to buy a good watch but _________ was available from that shop.【答案】none【解析】句意：我弟弟想买一块好表，可那个商店没有一个合适的。none意为“一个都没有”，符合句意。36. To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ____________.               【答案】another【解析】句意：为了提神，他喝了一杯咖啡后又要了一杯。another在此指another cup of coffee。37. ___________ that’s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.【答案】All【解析】句意：重要的是你在尽最大努力，并向着正确的方向前进。all指“一切”。38. I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and the ______ half learning drawing. 【答案】other【解析】句意：我想用假期一半的时间练习英语，另一半学绘画。 一个假期分为两半，指另一半时，要用the other，即the other half。39. You are a team star! Working with ____________ is really your cup of tea.       【答案】others【解析】句意：你是团队的明星。与其他人一起工作对你来说就是小菜一碟。泛指“其他人”应用others。40. Thanks for inviting us to your food festival. We really enjoyed ____________.【答案】ourselves【解析】句意：谢谢邀请我们参加食物节。我们玩得非常高兴。enjoy oneself意为“过得愉快”。41. He got up to get some hot water but found there was __________ left in the bottle.【答案】little【解析】句意：他起身去找一些热水，但发现暖瓶里一点也没有了。由句意可知，是没有水了。Water是不可数名词，表示否定用代词little。42. If you want to know something about Miss Green, you’d better ask her ___________. 【答案】yourself【解析】句意：如果你想知道 关于格林小姐的事情，你最好亲自问她。主语是you，其反身代词是yourself。 43. In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, but in _________ , knives and forks.【答案】others【解析】句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃东西，但是在其他国家，用刀和叉子。由“In some countries”可知空格处代指“其他一些国家”，故填others。44. Mike has some difficulty in finishing the task by ___________. Could you help him? 【答案】himself【解析】句意：迈克独自完成这项任务有些困难。你能帮助他吗？ by onesel为固定搭配，意为“独自；单独”，这里指Mike，故用himself。45. Believing in____________ is a very important rule for you to get along well with others.【答案】yourself【解析】句意：相信你自己是和别人相处融洽的一个重要规则。由句中“for you”可知与其对应的反身代词用yourself。46. There are many tall trees on      ___   sides of the river.【答案】both【解析】句意：河两边有很多大树。河有“两边”，再由后面的名词sides可知，应填both。47. Some children in the villages must look after __________because their parents work in the cities. 【答案】themselves【解析】句意：村里的一些孩子必须自己照顾自己，因为他们的父母都在市里打工。look after +反身代词表示“照顾自己”，主语是children，对应的反身代词是themselves。48. Tom doesn’t feel sure of ___________ in his new school. 【答案】himself【解析】句意：汤姆在新学校里感觉不自信。feel sure of oneself表示“感到自信”，这里指Tom，故填反身代词himself。49. How nice your dictionary is！Where did you get it？I’d like to buy __________, too.【答案】one【解析】句意：你的字典真好！你在哪里买的？我也想买一本。这里空泛指一本字典，表示同类名词中的“一、一个”，用代词one。50. The cost of renting a house in central Beijing is higher than _______ in any other area of the city.【答案】that【解析】句意：在北京市中心房租比在市里别的地方要高。 that指代前面出现的名词cost。