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中考英语复习资料大全——动词-ing形式知识点总结与整理(49)
展开中考英语 语法复习讲义(四十九)动词-ing形式知识点总结与整理动词-ing形式动词-ing形式是动词的另一种非限定形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种,由动词原形加-ing构成。动词-ing形式可以作主语、宾语、表语宾语补足语、定语、状语等,下面将一一介绍动词-ing形式的这些用法。(1)动词-ing形式作主语的情况动词-ing形式作主语,有时也可用it作形式主语,而把动词-ing形式放在后面。Reading poetry brings people from different places and different times together.(朗诵诗歌可以使人跨越时空聚在一起。)It’s useless arguing with him.(和他争辩是没有用的。)(2)动词-ing形式作动词宾语在下面这些词后常接动词-ing形式作宾语。mind介意finish完成consider考虑miss错过enjoy喜欢practice训练keep坚持appreciate欣赏She looks forward to walking in the flower-lined garden every spring.(她期待每个春天在这百花争妍的花园里走一走。)I am considering selling my house to collect the money.(我正考虑卖掉房子筹款。)Good news keeps on coming.(好消息接踵而至。)The girl was told to practice playing the piano for three hours every day.(这个女孩被告诉每天要练习弹3个小时钢琴。)补充:下列动词和词组只能用动词-ing形式作宾语。enjoy喜欢consider考虑escape逃脱give up放弃risk冒险deny否认object to反对imagine想像delay耽误put off推迟advise建议allow允许admit承认permit允许finish完成suggest建议practise练习avoid避免mind介意keep (on)继续miss错过 (3)动词-ing形式放在系动词后作表语His favourite sport is hiking.(他最喜欢的体育项目是徒步旅行。)My job is playing all kinds of musical instruments.(我的工作是演奏各种乐器。)(4)动词-ing形式在一些动词后作宾语补足语动词-ing形式在listen to,see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,leave,look at,have等动词后作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。They left the fire burning all day long.(他们让火烧了一天。)Do you notice him writing something there?(你注意到他在那里写什么吗?)The policeman caught him stealing the bike.(警察抓住他正在偷自行车。)I hear him singing in the next room.(我听见他在隔壁房间里唱歌。)(5)动词-ing形式作定语的两类情况A.我们常说的动名词作定语,用来修饰无生命的名词,且只能前置;这类定语不能改为定语从句。a teaching building教学楼a walking stick拐杖a swimming pool游泳池a sleeping bag睡袋a smiling face笑脸a reading room阅览室B.我们常说的现在分词作定语,多用来修饰有生命的名词(有时也可用来修饰无生命的名词)。这类定语,如果动词-ing形式是单独修饰名词,常前置;如果动词-ing短语修饰名词,则常后置。不管是前置还是后置,它们都可以被改为定语从句。The dancing girl (=The girl who is dancing) is my classmate.(那个跳舞的女孩是我的同班同学。)The new hospital being built (=which his being built) is just near our school.(正在建造的新医院就在我们学校附近。)(6)动词-ing形式作状语这类结构常用来表示时间、原因、条件、结果。它相当于一个状语从句,其逻辑主语就是主句的主语;也可置于句尾,表示伴随、补充说明。A.动词-ing形式作状语表示时间Hearing the good news (=When they heard the good news),the students were wild with joy.(听到这个好消息,同学们高兴极了。)Having watered the vegetables (=After they had watered the vegetables),they went back home for breakfast.(他们浇过菜之后,就回家吃早饭了。)B.动词-ing形式作状语表示原因Being so poor in those days (=As we were so poor in those days),we couldn’t afford to send the boy to the hospital.(由于那时太穷了,我们没有能力送孩子上医院。)Having already seen the film twice (=As we had already seen the film twice),we didn’t go to the cinema.(因为这部电影我们已经看过两次了,所以我们没有去电影院。)C.动词-ing形式作状语表示条件Standing on the top of the tower (=If we stand on the top of the tower),we can see as far as the Yangtze River.(如果我们站在塔顶上就能看到长江。)D.动词-ing形式作状语表示自然而然的结果Her husband died in 1942,leaving five children with her (=and left five children with her).(1942年她丈夫死了,给她丢下5个孩子。)E.动词-ing形式作状语表示伴随或补充说明Every evening they sat on the sofa watching TV (=and watched TV).(他们每天晚上坐在沙发上看电视。)
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