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    这是一份译林版英语九年级上册9A知识点归纳总结+练习+答案,共41页。试卷主要包含了词汇大集合,句型大集合,语法大聚焦,词汇句式语法透析等内容,欢迎下载使用。

    译林版英语九年级上册9A知识点归纳总结
    9A Unit1
    一、词汇大集合
    单词
    1.influence vt.
    [考点点拨] influence意为“影响”,往往指对行为、性格和观点等产生间接的、较长时间的或潜移默化的影响。如:
    What you read influences your thinking.
    你读的东西对你的思想有影响。
    influence还可以用作名词.泛指影响时是不可数名词;特指某种影响时是可数名词。如:
    Will you use your influence to get me a job?
    你愿意运用你的影响力替我找一份工作吗?
    Television has a strong influence on people.
    电视对人有很强的影响。
    2.require vt.
    [考点点拨] require意为“需要,要求”,常用于以下结构:
    (1) require+名词或代词。如:
    They required immediate payment.
    他们要求立即付款。
    (2) require sth from/of sb.向某人要求某物。如:
    We required an apology from/of him.
    我们要求他赔礼道歉。
    (3) require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事。如:
    We required him to keep it a secret.
    我们要求他对这件事保密。
    3.difficulty n.
    [考点点拨] difficulty意为“困难;费力”时,是不可数名词,既不能与不定冠词连用,也不能以复数形式出现。其形容词为difficult,意为“困难的”。have difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难;have difficulty with sth.做某事困难。如:
    I have great difficulty in finishing the work by myself.
    我独自完成这项工作有很大困难。
    当difficulty指具体的困难、难处、难点和困境时,是一个可数名词,既可以与不定冠词连用,也可以用复数形式。如:
    The book is full of difficulties.
    这本书充满了难点。
    二、句型大集合
    1. And I'm not sure if blue looks good on you.
    而且我不确定蓝色穿在你身上是否好看。
    [考点点拨] sth. looks good on sb.某物穿在某人身上好看,可转换为:sb. looks good in sth.某人穿某物好看。如:
    This pair of jeans looks good on me.
    这条牛仔裤穿在我身上好看。
    = I look good in this pair of jeans.
    我穿这条牛仔裤好看。
    2. It can cheer you up when you are feeling sad.
    当你感到伤心的时候它能使你振奋起来。
    [考点点拨] cheer up使振作起来。当宾语用名词表示时,可以放在后面也可以放在中间;当宾语用代词表示时,只能放在中间。如:
    How can I cheer Millie up? - How can I cheer up Millie?
    我怎样才能使米莉振作起来呢?
    Maybe I can cheer you up with a joke.
    也许我可以说个笑话使你开心起来。
    3.…so it can remind you of a warm sunny day.
    ……因此它可以使你想起一个温暖而又晴朗的日子。
    [考点点拨] remind sb. of sb./sth使某人想起某人/某物。如:
    I keep it all the time to remind me of you.
    我一直保存着它以使我想起你。
    4. Wearing red can also make it easier to take action
    穿红色也更容易采取行动。
    [考点点拨] take action采取措施,采取行动;take action to do sth.采取行动做某事,也可用take actions。如:
    We have to take action to stop them
    我们得采取行动来制止他们。
    5. This may help when you are having difficulty making a decision.
    当你犹豫不决的时候,红色可以有助于你做决定。
    [考点点拨] make a decision做决定;make a decision to do sth.决定做某事。如:
    There is no hurry to make a decision
    没有必要匆忙做决定。
    I have made a decision to resign.
    我已经决定辞职了。
    三、语法大聚焦
    宾语从句
    在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫作宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
    1.that引导的宾语从句
    陈述句充当宾语从句时,由that引导。that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用,在非正式英语中可以省略。如:
    He said (that) he would help me with my Physics.
    他说他将帮助我学习物理。
    I hope that yellow can bring me success.
    我希望黄色能带给我成功。
    形容词certain,sure和glad等后面也可以跟宾语从句。如:
    I'm sure that Millie will come to our party.
    我肯定米莉将会来参加我们的聚会。
    当主句的主语是第一人称I/we,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect和imagine等时,后面宾语从句的否定词要前移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如:
    I don't think I know you.
    我想我并不认识你。
    I don't believe he will come.
    我相信他不会来。
    注意:若主句的谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能前移。如:
    I hope you weren't ill.
    我希望你没有生病。
    若主句的谓语动词是find,make和think等,后面又带有复合宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将实际的宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后。如:
    I think it necessary that we will have a meeting tomorrow.
    我想我们明天开个会是有必要的。
    2.if或whether引导的宾语从句
    动词(短语)ask,see,wonder,find out,be not sure和don't know等后面可以用一般疑问句充当宾语从句,此时用if或whether引导,且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。如:
    I don't know whether/if he will come here tomorrow.
    我不知道他明天是否会来这儿。
    Millie asks whether/if she can come tomorrow.
    米莉问她是否可以明天来。
    if和whether都有“是否”的意思,在引导宾语从句时一般可以通用,但在or not之前、介词之后、不定式之前、引导主语从句、引导表语从句、引导的宾语从句放在句首时,只能用whether。如:
    Do you know whether they are leaving for Nanjing or not tomorrow? (or not之前)
    你知道他们明天是否会动身去南京吗?
    I don't know whether or not you will go. (or not之前)
    我不知道你是否会去。
    I'm thinking about whether we'll have a meeting.(介词之后)
    我正在考虑我们是否需要开个会。
    He doesn't know whether to go.(不定式之前)
    他不知道是否要去。
    Whether we go there is not decided.(引导主语从句)
    我们是否去那里还没决定。
    The question is whether we can get there on time.(引导表语从句)
    问题是我们能否按时到达那里。
    Whether you have met George before, I can't remember.
    (引导的宾语从句放在句首)
    我不记得你以前是否见过乔治。
    if还可以作“如果”讲,引导条件状语从句,不能用whether替换,且主句时态用一般将来时,从句时态用一般现在时。如:
    Millie will come to see the show if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
    如果明天不下雨,米莉将会来观看演出。
    语法题精练
    ( )1. l have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder _______.
    A where you buy the tickets B. why you like to go there
    C. if you'd like to come along D. when you watch the match
    ( )2. Do you know _______? - Sorry, I don't know.
    A if she will come to the concert or not . B. whether she will come to the concert or not
    C. if will she come to the concert
    ( )3. This black jacket _______ you, sir.
    A look good on B. looks down on
    C. looks good in D. looks good on
    ( )4. We failed in the singing competition. - _______. Better times are waiting for you.
    A No way B Best wishes C. Cheer up D. Good job
    ( )5. When people mention planes, it will remind the parents _______ their daughter on the Malaysian Airlines plane MH370. A. with B. for C. in D. of
    二、根据句意及中文提示完成单词
    1. I have_______ (困难) remembering people's names.
    2. Young people are quickly _______ (影响) by the new ideas.
    3. I'll do what the Party and the people _______ (需要, 要求) me to do.
    4. It isn't necessary to take_______ (行动) now.
    5. Millie has made a_______ (决定) to go with you. .
    6. I want to know _______ (是否) it is going to rain or not tomorrow.
    参考答案
    一、1—5 CBDCD
    二、1. difficulty 2. influenced 3.require 4.action 5.decision 6.whether
    另附:词汇句型大箩筐
    1. It says 上面写着,上面显示
    2. eat up 吃光,吃完 (use up 用完,用尽)
    注:(代词的位置)
    3. be well organized 很有条理的
    4. keep …… in good order 使……保持井然有序
    (in order 按顺序)
    5. show off 炫耀 ,卖弄
    (show sb around sp 带领某人参观某地
    show sb the way to 给某人指 到某地的路)
    6. show no interest in 对……毫不感兴趣
    7. repeat grammar rulers for us 为我们重复语法规则
    8. come up with (= think of 想出,提出 ) ;追上,赶上
    9. be curious about 对…感到好奇
    10. get angry easily 容易生气(anger n.)
    11. make a good accountant 成为一名优秀的会计
    12. neither ……nor …… 既不……也不……(就近原则)
    Neither he nor I am well educated
    either……or ……或者……或者
    both……and ……两者都
    连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
    13. He didn’t come here yesterday , neither / nor did I 他昨天没来这儿,我也是
    拓展: so, neither 位于分句或句子的开头, 这种结构通常表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人 (或事物) , 表示“我也这样”之类的概念。
    其句型可归纳为: so / neither + be / have / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语。如:
    —I won't do such a thing. 我可不做这样的事。 —Neither will he. 他也不会。
    —She is interested in the story. 她对这个故事感兴趣。 —So am I. 我也是。
    温馨提示 1: 如果第二分句只是重复前句的意思, 用来表示赞同时, so 之后的主语和谓语就不能颠倒。 如: —It was cold yesterday. 昨天天气很冷。 —So it was. 是很冷。
    温馨提示 2: so, neither 开头的倒装句一定要与上句的时态保持一致。如:
    —Peter doesn't like swimming. —Neither does Tom.
    —Peter went to school by bus yesterday. —So did Tom.
    温馨提示 3:so, neither 开头的倒装句中的助动词或情态动词要根据人称的变化而变换。如:
    —Peter doesn't like swimming. —Neither do I.
    14. work without speaking all day long 整天工作不说话
    15. be happy with = be satisfied with 对……感到满意
    16. a born artist 一个天生的艺术家
    17. impress the whole country with his creative work 他的富有创造力的作品给全国人民留下 深刻的印象
    Impress 的用法:
    impress sth on/upon sb 使…铭记…;使想象
    impress sb. (with sth.) 给予某人深刻印象
    be impressed by/with/at sth 对…印象深刻
    impress sth. on/in sth. 在…上/压/盖印(次要知识点)
    例句① I impressed on him the importance of his work. 我使他注意他的工作的重要性。
    ②The organizer impressed a beautiful design on the clothes. 组织者把一个漂亮的图案印在衣服上。
    ③The girl impressed her friends with liveliness and humor. 这个女孩给她的朋友留下了活泼和幽默的印象。
    ④We were deeply impressed by his deeds. 我们对他的行为留下了深刻印象。
    拓展: impression [C]
    释义:an effect, a feeling, or an image retained as a consequence of experience 印象,感想:作为经历的结果留下来的效果、感觉或者形象
    例句① What were your first impressions of London? 你对伦敦的最初印象如何?
    ② Her speech made an quite impression on the audience. 她的演讲给听众留下相当好的印象。
    词组: give/create/leave /make a/an… impression on sb.
    例句③ My general impression is that he seemed to be a pleasant man. 我的总的印象是他是一个很阳光的人。
    18. win high praise from the art community 赢得艺术团的高度赞扬
    19. praise sb for sth 因某事表扬某人
    20. give up 放弃(代词放中间)give up doing sth = stop doing sth 放弃做某事
    21. work for the sales department in a big company 在一家大公司的销售部工作
    22. day after day 日复一日
    23. the general manager 总经理
    24. take the lead 处于领先地位,带头
    25. fall behind 落后 (fall in 生病) 过去分词:fallen;过去式:fell
    26. be ready to do 准备做某事
    27. take on new challenges 接受新的挑战
    28. the chief engineer 首席工程师
    29. connect……with/to …… 把……和……连接起来
    30. be connected with 与……有联系
    31. a miss is as good as a mile 差之毫厘,谬以千里
    (as good as 与……几乎一样,简直是)
    32. can’t afford to do 负担得起(费用、损失、后果)多用于否定句和疑问句中
    33. make mistakes 犯错误
    34. pay attention to every detail 注意每个细节
    (to 为介词 + doing sth )
    35. work to high standards 工作高标准
    36. easy to work with 容易一起工作
    37. a pioneer heart surgeon 一位心脏外科手术的带头人
    38. can’t be too careful = can never be too careful 再怎么细心也不为过
    39.be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
    40.perform/do an operation on sb 给某人做手术
    41.devote oneself/ one’s life / time to 把……奉献给……
    (to 为介词,后接名词,代词,动名 词)
    42. respect sb = have / show respect for sb 尊重,尊敬某人
    43. be suitable for 适合
    44. accept others’ advice 接受别人的建议
    45. think twice (about sth )三思而行
    46. be /get angry with sb 生某人的的气
    47. be /get angry at/ about sth 因某事而生气
    48. worry too much 担心太多
    49. be patient / impatient with 对……有/ 没有耐心
    50. not only ……but (also )…… 不但……而且…… (就近原则)
    51. do the dishes 洗碗,洗餐具
    52. animal signs 生肖
    53. appear in a fixed order 按照固定的顺序出现
    54. make his lesson lively and interesting 使他的课上得生动而有趣
    (lively 活泼的,生气勃勃 的指人或物)
    live,alive,living,lively 的区别
    1)alive 意为“活着”,侧重说明生与死之间的界限,既可指人,也可指物;可用来作表语, 后置定语或宾补。
    例如: No man alive is greater than he . 在活着的人中没有人比他更伟大了。
    (注: 此时 alive 含 有“在所有活着的……之中”)
    He wanted to keep the fish alive . 他想让鱼活着。
    2)living 意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”,“健在”,可用来指人或物,作定语或表语。
    例如:My first teacher is still living . 我的启蒙老师仍健在。
    English is a living language . 英语是活的语言。
    注意:living 前加上 the , 表示类别,指“活着的人们”。
    living 还可用于短语,例如:make a living 谋生。
    make a / one's living by + ing 通过干……谋生
    3)live “活着的”,通常指物,不指人,常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。
    例如:a live wire 有电的电线,a live fish 一条活鱼。
    4)lively 则意为“活泼的”,“活跃”,“充满生气的”,可作定语、表语或宾补,既可指人,又 可指物。
    例如:Jenny is a lively girl . 詹妮是个活泼的女孩。 Everything is lively here . 这儿一切都生机勃勃。
    55. in all 总共,总计
    56. people born under the same star sign 出生在同一星座下的人们
    57. share similar personalities 具有相似的个性
    58. be similar to 与……相似
    59. be similar in 在某方面相似
    be similar to 后边既可以加物主代词又可以加人,即:be similar to sth/sb
    be similar with 后边只可以加人 ,即 be similar with sb
    例如: My problems are similar to yours. 我的问题与你的类似。
    Wasps look similar to bees. 黄蜂看上去很像蜜蜂。
    I have no similar with Tom. 汤姆和我毫无共同之处.
    60. depend on 依靠
    61. lunar calendar 农历
    62. be divided into 被分成
    divide ……into …… 把……分成……
    63. It’s you who shape your life and your future 你的生活和将来都掌握在你的手中 (强调句型)
    64. It’s said that 据说
    65. make a speech = give a speech 作演讲
    66. do extra work 做额外的工作
    67. win several science competitions 赢得几项科学竞赛
    68. get himself more organized 使他自己更加有条理
    69. be absent from school 缺席
    70. recommend sb as… 推荐某人为/当…
    71. recommend sb for… 推荐某人获…奖
    72. agree with sb 同意某人的看法、意见; 适应(食物、气候)
    1. agree to 后接 建议,计划,suggestion,advice,plan 等 当然也
    注意 agree to do, 绝对不用:agree sb to do.(×)
    2.agree on 一般接 point,price,date,address 等双方协定的内容。
    73. find it difficult to work with him
    find it +adj.+to do sth 发现做某事….
    74. be formed by both nature and the environment 天生和后天环境形成的
    75. be passed onto you by your parents 有你的父母遗传给你
    76. liveliness and impatience 活泼和急躁
    77. like father ,like son 有其父必有其子
    78. has many strong qualities for this position 许多突出的品质适合这个职位
    79. It makes them feel good to share things with others.和别人分享让他们感觉很好。
    80. She keeps all her things in good order,她使得所有的东西井然有序。
    81. Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant.
    我和我父母都不认为我能成为 一名优秀的会计。
    82. It's terrible for me to work without speaking all day long.对我来说,整天工作不说话太可怕 了。
    83. His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square have won high praise from the art community.
    他给 阳光镇广场做的雕塑赢得了艺术协会的高度赞扬。
    84. Life is like a race. You either take the lead or fall behind.人生就像一场赛跑。你要么领先要 么落后。
    85. To us, a miss is as good as a mile.对我们来说,失之毫厘,谬以千里。
    86. All of us know that it's necessary to pay attention to every detail.
    我们所有人都知道注意每个 细节的必要性。
    87. She has devoted most of her time to her work.她把她大部分的时间都奉献给了工作。
    88. They appear in a fixed order and the cycle repeats every 12 years.
    它们按照固定的顺序,每 12 年循环一次。
    89. It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave.据说出生在虎年的人很勇敢。
    90. He is not afraid of making a speech in front of many people。 他不害怕在许多人面前做演讲。
    91. We hope that you agree with us.我们希望你能同意我们。
    hope sb to do sth (×)
    9A Unit 2
    一、词汇大集合
    单词
    if conj.是否 indigo n.靛蓝,靛青
    violet n.紫罗兰色 rainbow n.彩虹
    influence vt.影响 whether conj.是否
    calm adj.平静的,沉着的 relaxed adj.放松的;自在的
    sadness n.悲哀,忧伤 purity n.纯洁
    wedding n婚礼,结婚庆典 prefer vt.宁愿选择,更喜欢
    create vt.造成,引起;创造,创建
    feeling n.感受 remind vt. 提醒;使想起
    wisdom .智慧 as conj.因为
    envy n.妒忌;羡慕 decision n.决定
    worried adj.担心的,烦恼的 everyday adj.每天的;日常的
    certainly adv.必定地,无疑的
    personal adj.个人的;私人的
    suit vt.适合 celebration n.庆祝;庆祝活动
    ancient adj.古代的,古老的
    therapy n.疗法;治疗 discover vt.发现,发觉
    teens n.[复]十几岁 promise vt.&vi.承诺,允诺
    method m方法 or conj.否则
    work vi.奏效,产生预期的效果
    practise vt.从事,执业
    stressed adj.紧张的,有压力的
    suggest优.建议 trust n.信任
    calm n.平静 warmth n.平静,镇静
    handbag n.女用皮包,手提包
    match n.相配;般配 balance vt.使……平衡
    词组
    1.be sure确信 2. look good看起来好
    3. look out of向外看 4. just now刚才
    5.calm colours平静的颜色 6.bring… to带来
    7.feel blue感到沮丧 8.wedding day结婚的日子
    9.such as例如 10. prefer to与……比较更加喜欢……
    11.cheer up使某人开心 12. remind of使某人想起
    13. hope for success期待成功 14. green with envy嫉妒得眼红
    15. be of help to对……有帮助 16. take action采取行动
    17. have difficulty(in) doing sth做某事费劲
    18.make a decision做决定 19. be worried about担心
    20. more than超过;多于 21. calm down平静下来
    22. have something to do with与……有关
    23. bring good luck带来好运
    24. everyday life日常生活
    25. be good for对……有好处
    26. be suitable for对……合适
    27. instead of代替;而不
    28. would rather宁愿;更喜欢
    29. be dressed in穿着什么颜色的衣服
    30. drive… away赶走
    31. according to根据
    32.a little bit有点
    二、句型大集合
    1.There's nothing wrong with pink, you know.你知道,粉色没有什么问题。
    wrong with sb/sth意思是“有故障,有毛病”。
    类似句型有:What's wrong with sb/sth?(……出什么毛病了?)
    和Is there anything wrong with sb/sth?(……有毛病了吗?)
    2.And I'm not sure if blue looks good on you.我不确定蓝色穿在你的身上是否好看。
    (1)be sure意为“确保;确认”。
    (2)look good on意为“穿在身上好看”。
    This blue coat looks good on you.
    这件蓝色的大衣穿在你的身上很好看。
    3.In fact, colours can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad.energetic or sleepy.
    实际上,颜色能够改变我们的情绪,使我们觉得快乐或悲伤,精力充沛或昏昏欲睡。
    in表示具体的环境。
    in the rain/snowstorm/sun/cold
    雨中/暴风雨中/太阳下/冷风中/
    4. It could be because the walls were painted blue.可能是因为墙被漆成了蓝色。
    (1) can,could,may,might,must皆可表示推测,其用法如下:
    ①表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。
    I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.
    我不知道她在哪里,她可能在武汉。
    ②推测的否定形式,疑问形式用can't,couldn't表示。
    That ball couldn't be Jim's.那个球不能是吉姆的。
    注意:could,might表示推测时不表示时态,其推测的程度不如can,may。
    (2)此处because引导的为表语从句。be painted blue是由paint/colour sth转化为被动语态的用法,意为“(某物)被漆成某色”。
    5.Blue can also represent sadness,so you may say“I,m feeling blue”when you are feeling .sad.蓝色也能代表伤心,所以你可能说“我感到伤心”,当你感觉难受时。
    (1) sadness为名词,意为“伤心”,其形容词形式为sad。
    You should come out of your sadness.
    你得从你的悲伤情绪中走出来。
    (2)颜色代表:
    green-嫉妒、眼红
    green-在美国也指代“钱财、钞票、有经济实力”等意义
    yellow-胆小、卑怯、卑鄙
    blue-情绪低落、心情沮丧、忧愁苦闷
    white-表示幸福和纯洁
    black-悲哀、气愤和恼怒
    6. People in cold areas prefer warm colours in their homes to create a warm and comfortable feeling.
    生活在寒冷地区的人更喜欢将家里布置成暖色调,从而给人一种温暖舒适的感觉。
    (1)prefer动词,意为“宁愿选择;更喜欢”。prefer的过去式,为preferred。
    ①prefer是“比较喜欢,更喜欢”的意思,即like better,因此就不能再与better,more等比较级词语连用。
    ②prefer doing A to doing B .
    Even on holidays Mr Wang preferred reading to doing nothing.即使在假日,王先生宁愿读书而不愿闲着。
    【友情提醒】
    在这种结构中,to为介词,而不是不定式符号,故其后应当接动名词形式,决不能接动词原形。另外,为了保持前后对应关系,prefer后面也应当接动名词形式。
    ③prefer to do sth
    They prefer to spend the rest of the morning wandering in the streets.
    他们比较喜欢把早上剩下的时间都用来在街上闲逛。
    ④prefer doing sth
    So you prefer speaking without referring to your notes?
    这么说,你更喜欢不看稿子做报告了?
    【友情提醒】
    这种prefer后面接动名词的结构,用来谈论一般情况下“更喜欢某种活动”,而在一个特定场合下表示“特别喜欢”时,得用上述prefer后接动词不定式结构。
    (2) create作动词,意为“造成,引起,创造,创建”。其形容词形式为creative;名词形式为creation。
    An artist should create beautiful things.
    一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。
    (3) feeling作名词,意为“感受”。其动词形式为feel。
    I have a feeling that we are being followed.
    我有种感觉我们正被人跟踪。
    7. Yellow is the colour of the sun, so it can remind you of a warm.sunny day.
    黄色是太阳的颜色,所以它使我们想起温暖,晴朗的一天。
    remind作动词,意为“提醒;使想起”。常见短语为remind sb of sth“使某人想起某事”。
    remind sb to do sth意为“提醒某人做某事”。
    I've forgotten his name-will you remind me of it?
    我忘记了他的名字——请提醒我一下好吗?
    8. This may help when you are having difficulty making a decision,当你在很难做决定的时候这个可以帮助你。
    (1) have difficulty( in) doing sth意为“做某事遇到困难”。同义词为have trouble/problem doing sth。
    Did you have difficulty in finding your way?
    你在找路时遇到困难了?
    (2) decision作名词,意为“决定”。其动词形式为decide。常见短语为make a decision。
    I think this is a good decision.
    我认为它是一个好决定。
    9. Did you know colours have something to do with our moods?
    你知道颜色和我们的情绪有关吗?
    have something to do with意为“与……有关”,也可以根据句式,变为have anything to do with,have nothing to do with。
    Our parents don't like us to do things that have nothing to do with study.
    我们的父母不喜欢我们做与学习完全无关的事情。
    10. Should I go home instead of waiting for my classmates?
    我应该回家而不等着我的同学吗?
    instead of意为“代替;而不”,其中of为介词,后接动词时用-mg形式。
    I give him advice instead of money.
    给了他忠告而没有给他钱。
    三、语法大聚焦
    that引导的宾语从句
    宾语从句是指一个句子充当宾语,在主句与从句之间有一个引导词。
    【一语击破】
    A.引导词本身的省略与不省略
    1.可以省略
    连词that引导宾语从句,只起连接主、从句的作用,它本身无意义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:
    He says( that) he is a Young Pioneer.
    他说他是个少先队员。
    2.不可以省略
    (1)从句的主语是that时,that不省略。如:
    We know that that is an interesting story.
    我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。
    (2) that引导的宾语从句中若再有复合句时,that不能省略。如:
    I think that if you have lost the library book, you must pay for it.我认为如果你已把图书馆的书丢失了,你就必须赔偿。
    (3)主、从句之间有插入语时,that不能省略。如:
    It says here, in the newspaper, that English is getting more and more important.
    报纸上写着,英语正变得越来越重要。
    B.何时使用that引导的宾语从句
    that引导的宾语从句,表示陈述一件事,即由陈述句转化而来。如:
    He says( that) he is listening to the weather report.
    他说他正在听天气预报。
    1.主句的谓语动词是think,hear,hope,wish,remember,forget,know,say,guess等时,常接that引导的宾语从句。如:
    I hope( that) he will be fine soon.我希望他很快好起来。
    2.主句由“连系动词+形容词”构成的“系表”结构,常接that引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情,如happy,glad,pleased,sad,sure,afraid等等。如:
    I'm afraid( that) he can't come.恐怕他不能来了。
    C.that引导的宾语从句相关的内容
    1.语序
    不论什么情况下,宾语从句都要用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语+其它”。如:
    Do you think( that) the radio is too noisy?
    你认为收音机太吵吗?
    2.时态
    that引导的宾语从句,主句用一般现在时,从句可以用符合句意要求的任一时态。如:
    He says( that) they have returned already.
    他说他们已经回来了。
    如果主句用一般过去时,从句要用过去时态的某种形式(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。如:
    He said( that) he bought a new dictionary.
    他说他买了本新词典。
    【友情提醒】
    如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、格言、谚语等等,尽管主句用一般过去时,从句也要用一般现在时。如:
    He said that time is life.他说时间就是生命。
    B if和whether引导的宾语从句
    1.何时使用if或whether引导的宾语从句
    if或whether引导宾语从句时,作“是否”讲,常放在动、词ask,see,say,know和find out等后面。一般情况下,两者常可换用,在口语中多用if。如:
    Nobody knows whether( if)it will rain tomorrow.
    没有人知道明天是否下雨。
    2.if或whether引导宾语从句时,要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态。
    (1)if或whether不能和that或其他连词(副词)同时使用,也不能省去。如:
    I don't know if(whether) he will come here today.
    我不知道他今天是否会来。
    (2)if或whether引导的宾语从句时,虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序应用陈述句语序。
    (3)if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时,从句用任一种时态;主句为一般过去时,从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。如:
    I don't know if(whether) he has come here.
    我不知道他是否来过这儿。
    3.if和whether的区别:
    (1)在动词不定式之前只能用whether。如:
    I can't decide whether to stay.
    我不能决定是否留下。
    (2)在whether… or not的固定搭配中。如:
    1 want to know whether it's good news or not.
    我想知道是否是好消息。
    (3)在介词后,只能用whether。如:
    His father is worried about whether he loses his work.
    他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
    (4)宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether。如:
    Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
    (5)用if会引起歧义时,只用whether。如:
    Could you tell me if you know the answer?
    这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知道答案,请告诉我,好吗?”。如用whether可避免歧义。
    另附:词汇句型大箩筐
    1. There’s nothing wrong with 没问题,没毛病
    = There isn’t anything wrong with = Nothing is wrong with
    2. Sth looks good/nice on sb 某物穿在某人身上好看
    3. sb looks good in + 颜色/衣服 某人穿什么颜色的衣服好看
    4. Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow ?
    你知道彩虹有多少颜色吗?(宾语 从句用陈述语序)
    5. influence our moods 影响我们的心情 have an influence on 对……有影响
    6. make us feel happy 使我们感到高兴 (make sb do sth 使某人做某事;注意被动形式)
    7. feel sleepy 感到困倦 ---- go to sleep 去睡觉 ---fall asleep (短暂性)入睡 be asleep (延续性)睡着的
    8. a sleeping boy 一个正在睡觉的男孩
    9. be good/ bad for 对??有好处|坏处 be good to 对??亲切 be good at 擅长于??
    10. feel relaxed (人)感到放松 --- relaxing films 令人放松的电影
    11. be painted blue 被漆成蓝色 (主动语态为 paint sth + 颜色 把某物漆成……颜色)
    12. bring peace to our mind and body 给我们的大脑和身体带来平静
    13. represent sadness = stand for sadness 代表伤心
    14. feel blue/sad 感到悲伤/难过
    15. on one's wedding day 在某人婚礼的那天
    16. prefer = like better 宁愿,更喜欢(过去式、过去分词 preferred)
    17. prefer sth / doing sth / to do sth
    18. prefer sb. (not) to do sth.宁愿某人(不)做某事
    19. prefer sth to sth 宁愿喜欢……而不愿喜欢……
    20. prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做事情而不愿做事情
    21. create a warm and comfortable feeling 创造一种温暖而舒服的感觉
    22. cheer sb. up (代词放中间)=make sb happy 使某人高兴起来,某人振作起来
    23. remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事,提醒某人某事= cause/help sb to remember sth
    24. remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事
    25. hope for success 希望成功
    26. require strength in either body or mind 在身体或精神上需要力量
    27. require sb to do sth = ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
    28. (sth) require/need doing = require/need to be done 需要被做 (主动形式表示被动意义)
    29. make / find/ think/ feel + it 形式宾语+ (for sb)+ to do sth (对某人来说)使/发现/认为/ 觉得做某
    事怎么样
    30. I find it hard to learn English well 我发现学好英语是困难的
    31. have difficulty (in) doing sth.=have difficulty with sth.做某事有困难 (difficulty 不可数 用法 类似的有:trouble/ problems)
    32. make a decision 决定
    33. make a decision to do sth= make up one’s mind(s) to do sth= decide to do sth 决定做…
    34. a relationship between colours and moods 颜色与心情之间的关系
    35. influence our everyday lives 影响我们的日常生活(作定语)
    36. depend on personal taste 取决于个人的口味
    37. white clothes suit me 白色衣服适合我(suit 指颜色、款式、发型、时间、口味、气候、条 件、地位适
    合某人)
    38. the green T-shirt matches my trousers 绿色 T 恤和我的裤子搭配
    39. match sth (very well )= go well with sth 与…搭配
    fit
    1)fit 往往强调尺寸、大小或形状上的吻合。 This coat fits me very well.这件外套我穿起来很合身。 These shoes don’t fit me. Have you got a larger size?这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗? The key doesn’t fit well.这钥匙(与这锁孔的形状)不吻合。
    suit 侧重于符合某人的口味,或服装颜色、款式等的相配或适合。 That haircut suits you.那种发型很适合你。 It’s a small house but it suits our needs.这是一栋小房子,但它符合我们的需要。 A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of the students.好的教师根据学生的年龄来上课。 Blue suits you.你适合穿蓝色(服装) 。
    match
    1)多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配,显得很协调。 The carpets should match the curtains.地毯应该和窗帘相配。 Do these shoes match my dress?这鞋子与我的衣服配吗? Your cups match your saucers.您的杯子和茶碟非常相配。
    2)指在能力、水平上“与……相配”。 You can’t match him in his knowledge of wild plants.在野生植物知识方面,你无法与他相比。
    40. be used for celebrations 被用作庆祝活动(n)
    41. the rulers in ancient Europe 古代欧洲统治者
    42. promise sb. sth.答应某人某事
    43. make a promise 许下诺言
    44. keep one’s promise 遵守诺言,break one’s promise 违背诺言
    promise v.允诺;答应→promise to do
    sth 答应做某事→ promise sb (not) to do sth 答应某人 (不)做某事 →promise (sb) that 从句,e.g. ① Mom, I promise I'll study harder.
    45. The medicine worked 药物奏效了(work vi 奏效,起作用,产生预期的效果)
    46. practise colour therapy 从事/实践颜色疗法
    47. suggest sth to sb 向某人建议某事 (但不能说 suggest sb sth (×)名词形式为 suggestion, 可数名词)
    48. suggest doing sth 建议做某事
    49. suggest me/ my doing sth 建议我做某事
    50. advise (doing) sth. 建议(做)某事 advise sb. (not) to sth. 建议某人(做)某事 n. advice (不可数) give
    advice to sb. on sth. 在某事上给某人建议
    51. give you free clothes 给你免费的衣服
    52. would rather (not) do sth 宁愿做/ 不做某事
    53. would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做做某事而不愿做某事
    54. be dressed in blue 穿蓝色衣服(表示状态)
    55. have the power to drive evil spirits away 有赶走邪灵的力量
    56. dress baby boys in blue 给男婴穿蓝色
    57. feel a little bit stressed 感觉有一点压力(“一点儿”只修饰 adj ,adv )
    58. a little water = a bit of water (a little 可修饰不可数名词也可修饰 adj, adv; a bit of 只修 饰不可数
    名词)
    59. It’s a little cold today = It’s a little bit cold today = It’s a bit cold today 今天天气有点儿冷
    60. a good match 一个很好的搭配(n)
    61. As the powerful red balances the calm white. 因为强烈的红色可以平衡宁静的白色。 because, since,
    as , for Because, 表直接原因,从句时全句重心 since, 侧重主句,表示显然的或已知的原因 as, 主从句
    并重 for, 表附加或推断的理由,引导从句用”,”隔开,for 不可放句首
    62. But there’s nothing wrong with pink, you know.但是你知道,粉红色没有什么不好的。
    63. And I'm not sure if blue looks good on you.而且我不确定你穿蓝色是否好看。
    64. Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow? 你知道彩虹有多少种颜色吗?
    65. Some people believe that colours can influence our moods.一些人相信颜色能影响我们的心 情。
    66. You may wonder whether it is true.你可能会想知道它是否正确。
    67. This article explains what colours can do and what characteristics they represent.这篇文章说 明的就是颜色能够起到什么作用以及它们代表什么样的性格特征。
    68. People in cold areas prefer warm colours in their homes to create a warm and comfortable feeling. 生
    活在寒冷气候中的人们更喜欢在家中使用暖色以创造出一种温暖而舒适的感 觉。
    69.Yellow is the colour of the sun, so it can remind you of a warm sunny day. 黄色是太阳的颜色, 因此它能使你想起温暖、阳光明媚的日子。
    70. This may help when you are having difficulty making a decision 当你难以作出决定时,红色能帮你拿定主意。
    71. Did you know there is a relationship between colours and moods? 你知道颜色与心情之间有 关系吗?
    72. Discover how the power of colours can change your moods and improve your life!发现颜色的 力量如何能改变你的心情并提高你的生活(质量) !
    73. We promise that this therapy can help you change your moods, or you will get your money back! 我们承诺这种疗法会帮助你改变心情,无效退款!
    74. Red and white are a good match, as the powerful red balances the calm white. 红色与白色是 很好的搭配,因为热烈的红色可以平衡平静的白色。
    9A Unit 3
    一、词汇大集合
    单词
    teenage adj.青少年的 mark n.分数;标记
    mad adj.疯狂的;生气的
    exam n.(=examination)考试,测试
    perhaps adv.或许,可能 deal vi.处理
    choice m选择 but prep.除……外;只有
    awake adj.醒着的 hardly adv.几乎不
    doubt vt.怀疑worth adj.值得,值……钱
    imagine vt.&vi.想象,设想 suggestion n.建议
    cause n.原因 strict adj.严格的,严厉的
    valuable adj.宝贵的,很有用的;贵重的
    list n.清单 whom pron. 谁(宾格)
    silence n.安静,寂静;沉默worry n.担心;令人担忧的事
    dictionary n.字典 bookworm n.书虫,书呆子
    schoolwork n.课业 progress n.进展,进步
    aloud adv.大声地;出声地 pronounce vt,发音
    correctly adv.正确地 pronunciation n.发音
    mention vt.提及;说起 stress n.精神压力,紧张
    unhappy adj.不快乐的,不满的
    词组
    1.too much太多 2.in class在课上
    3.drive sb mad使某人疯狂 4.feel lonely感到孤独
    5.all day整天 6.feel sleepy瞌睡的
    7.deal with处置;处理
    8.have no choice but to…没有选择只能……
    9.stay up熬夜 10. hand in上交
    11. feel bad about sth对……感到难过
    12. be worth doing值得做某事
    13. dream of/about梦想;想象
    14. hear from收到某人的来信
    15. be crazy about对……感到疯狂
    16. worry about担心
    17. get into trouble陷入麻烦
    18. be strict with sb对某人要求严格
    19. stay out待在户外;(晚上)不回家
    20. look forward to渴望 21. make sure确保;确认
    22. in one's mind在某人的想法中
    23. make a list of列出 24. work out算出;解决
    25. according to根据 26. agree with同意
    27. instead of代替;而不
    28. youth worker青少年辅导员
    29. on show上演 30. end with结束
    31. laugh at嘲笑 32. go over复习;回顾
    33. don't mention it不客气
    34. keep sth to oneself秘而不宣
    35. be of sb's age与……同龄的
    二、句型大集合
    1.I have a problem, but I wonder how I should deal with it.我有一个问题,但是我想要知道我应该怎样处理它。
    (1) wonder
    ①wonder作及物动词,表示“想知道”、“对……感到怀疑”、“纳闷”,常见用法有:
    1)后接who,what,when等引导的宾语从句。相当于want to know如:
    I wonder who he is.
    我想知道他是谁。
    2)后接that引导的宾语从句,表示“感到惊奇”、“对……感到惊讶”,that常可省去。如:
    I wonder( that) Luneng lost the game.
    我对于鲁能队失掉比赛很惊讶。
    3)后接if或whether引导的宾语从句,用于有礼貌的询问。如:
    She wondered whether her mother was free that morning.
    她想知道那天早上她的妈妈是否有空。
    4)后接“疑问词+不定式”构成的短语。如:
    I'm just wondering how to do it.我想要知道怎样做。
    ②wonder作名词,表示“奇事”、“奇迹”、“奇观”、“奇才”、“惊奇;惊讶”等。如:
    The pyramids are one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
    金字塔是世界七大奇迹之一。
    (2) deal with与do with都意为“处置;处理”。
    do with常与连接代词what连用,而deal with常与连接副词how连用,如:
    I don't know how they deal with the problem.(=I don't know what they do with the problem.)
    我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。
    He is easy to deal with.(=He is easy to do with.这时“do”是不及物动词)他是容易相处的人。
    这两个词组在使用时有细微的差别。
    2.I have a lot of homework every day, and I have no choice but to finish all of it.我每天有很多作业,我没有选择只能完成所有的作业。
    choice作名词,意为“选择”,其动词形式为choose。常见短语为have no choice but to do sth意为“没有别的选择只能做”。
    I have no choice but to accept his invitation.
    我除了接受他的邀请没有别的选择。
    3.I often have to stay up late.我常常不得不熬夜到很晚。
    stay up意为“熬夜”,后常接副词late。
    Do you often stay up late?你常常熬夜到很晚吗?
    [归纳]常见的含有up的动词短语:
    send up发出,射出 put up张贴/建造 finish up吃完或喝完 divide up使……分开 come up with想出 eat up吃光 give up放弃
    4. However, I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies.然而,我几乎没有任何空余时间来享受自己的爱好。
    hardly意为“几乎不”,易混词为hard,可为形容词或者副词。作形容词时,意为“困难的”;作副词时,意为“努力地;猛烈地”。
    As a student. we should work hard.
    作为学生,我们应该努力学习。
    5.I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on my homework.我常常怀疑把这么多时间花费在作业上是否值得。
    (1) doubt意为“怀疑”。
    后接宾语从句时,如主句为肯定句时用if或whether连接,如主句为否定句或疑问句时用that连接,表示“不信任,不相信,怀疑,疑惑”。如:
    I don't doubt that she's telling the truth.
    我并不怀疑她讲的是真话。
    (2) worth为形容词,意为“值得;值……钱”,常见短语为be worth doing“值得做”。
    The Life I Know, by Han Han is worth reading.
    韩寒写的《我所理解的生活》值得读。
    6.I don't understand why they were so strict with me.我不理解为什么他们对我如此的严格。
    strict作形容词,意为“严格的;严厉的”。常见短语be strict with sb,意为“对某人严格要求”,以及be strict in( doing) sth,意为“对(做)某事严格要求”。如:
    Mr Smith is very strict with his children.
    史密斯先生对他的孩子们要求十分严格。
    7.I need someone to share my worries with.我想要一个人来和我分担忧虑。
    worry:
    (1)worry作名词,意为“担心;令人担忧的事情”,其复数形式为worries。
    Too many worries are bad for your health.
    太多的忧虑对你的健康有害。

    (2) worry可作及物动词,意为“使烦恼”,“使焦虑”,常接sb作宾语。如:
    What worried you so much?什么事使你这么着急?
    (3) worry也可作不及物动词,意为“烦恼”、“担心”、“发愁”,常跟介词about或over。如:
    They are worrying about the coming exam.
    他们正在为即将到来的考试而发愁。
    (4) worry后接从句时,也表示“为……担心”,此时不用介词,worry可看作及物动词。如:
    Don't worry how much you 'spend.别担心花多少钱。
    8. How about reading English aloud every morning?
    每天早上大声读英语怎么样?
    aloud adv.大声地;出声地。
    [辨析]


    9.Try to pronounce all the words correctly.尽力拼读正确所有单词。
    pronounce意为“发音”。其名词形式为pronunciation意为“发音;读音”。
    Can you pronounce all the new words correctly?
    你能正确地发所有新单词的音了吗?
    10. You are unhappy with your weight, but you do not know how to change it.你对于自己的体重不满意,但是你不知道怎样改变它。
    unhappy为形容词,意为“不快乐的;不满的”。它是由happy加否定前缀un变化而来的。
    I could no longer ignore the fact that he was deeply unhappy.我再不能对他深感不快这个事实不闻不问了。
    [归纳]加前缀un:un-前缀很灵活,它可以加在形容词、过去分词、现代分词前面构成具有否定意义的形容词:
    curious(adj.好奇的)-uncurious(面不好奇的)
    able(adj.能够……的)-unable(adj.不能够……的)
    comfortable(adj.舒服的)-uncomfortable(adj.不舒服的)
    acceptable(adj.可接受的)-unacceptable(adj.难以接受的)
    doubted(adj.怀疑的)-undoubted(adj.无疑的)
    三、语法大聚焦
    A 疑问词引导的宾语从句
    【一语击破】
    A.语序:
    无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
    (1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有:who,what,which等:如:
    The small children don't know what is in their stockings.
    这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
    (2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
    He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.
    他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
    (3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who( m),what,which,how many, how much, when, why, how, where等。如:
    He hasn't decided when he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.
    他还没决定什么时候去无锡旅行。
    (4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:
    She asked me what colour my pen was.
    她问我的钢笔是什么颜色。
    【友情提醒】在选择宾语从句时,首先应该注意从句的句式是否正确。
    B.时态:
    与第二单元涉及的宾语从句的时态,用法相同,省略讲
    解。
    B 提建议的方法
    【一语击破】
    初中常见的用英语提建议的句型归纳如下:
    1. Why not-和Why don't you-
    “Why not+动词原形+其他?”这是个省略句,其完整句式为“Why don't you (we)+动词原形+其他?”意为一“为什么不……呢?”常用于间接地向对方提出建议,往往带有肯定的意味,一般不必回答。
    Why not have a try?=Why don't you have a try?
    为什么不试一试呢?
    2.What about和How about
    What/ How about+名词/代词/动词的-ing形式+其他?此句型意为“……怎么样?是提建议或征求对方意见的委婉说法。
    What about going to 8 movie?去看场电影怎么样?
    3.Let's+动词原形+其他。此句型意为“(让)我们……吧”。其否定形式直接在let后加not。
    Let's go to the water park.让我们去水上公园吧。
    4.Shall we/l+动词原形+其他?此句型意为“我们/我做……好吗?”,常以商量的语气向对方提出建议。
    What a sunny day! Shall we go hiking?
    天气多好呀!我们去远足好吗?
    5.Would you mind+动词的-ing形式+其他?
    这是英语中用来提建议或要求的常用句型,意为“请你做……好吗?”,语气委婉,客气,一般用在面对陌生人时或者比较正式的场合。例如:
    Would you mind closing the window?
    请你关上窗户好吗?
    6.Could you please+动词原形+其他?
    此句型意为“请你……好吗?”其中could并不是 can的过去式,而是表示更委婉的建议或请求。例如:
    Could you please wash the dishes?
    请你洗盘子好吗?
    其否定形式,只需要在动词前加上not即可。例如:
    Could you please not talk in class?
    在课堂上你能不讲话吗?
    【友情提醒】当对方向你提出建议时,肯定回答可用OK!/Good./ Good idea!/That sounds good./Sure./Of course./Yes, please./Yes, I think so./Yes ,I'd love to./All right./No problem./I agree with you.等。否定回答可用No,thanks./No, I don't think so./No, I'm busy./I don't agree./Sorry, I'm afraid not.等。
    四、词汇句式语法透析
    1.perhaps adv.
    [考点点拨] perhaps意为“可能”,常位于句首,在句子中作状语,和maybe用法相同,但maybe多用于口语中。用perhaps或maybe时句子中肯定已经有谓语动词。如:
    Perhaps/Maybe the weather will get -better.
    天气可能会变得好一些。
    Perhaps/Maybe Millie is in the school library now.
    米莉现在也许在学校图书馆。
    情态动词can,could,may,might意为“可能”,此时句子中必须还有其他动词。can用于表示客观的(理论上的)可能性,并不一定会发生;表示具体某件事可能发生时,用could,may或might,三者的语气依次递减。如:
    This could/may/might be done by Jim
    这件事有可能是吉姆干的。
    2.choice n.
    [考点点拨] choice选择
    make a choice做选择
    have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事
    choose(vt.)选择choose—chose—chosen
    choose sb.to do sth. 选择某人做某事
    sb,is chosen to do sth.某人被选中做某事
    - Oh, my God! We have missed the early bus. What shall we do?
    哦,我的天啊!我们错过了早班车。我们该怎么办呢?
    —I'm afraid we have no choice but to wait.
    恐怕我们除了等待别无选择。
    I'd like to choose you to be the host.
    我愿意选你当主持人。
    3.hardly adv.
    [考点点拨]hardly意为“几乎不”,不是hard的副词形式,hard既可以作形容词,也可以作副词。hardly是否定词,因此反意疑问句的后一部分要用肯定结构,some要改为any。如:
    They can hardly have time to have breakfast now.
    他们现在几乎没时间吃早饭。
    He can hardly understand it, can he?
    他几乎不能明白,是吗?
    There is hardly any water in the glass.
    杯子里几乎没有水了。
    4.doubt vt.
    [考点点拨]doubt用作及物动词,可接名词、代词、动名词、带疑问词的动词不定式或从句作宾语。在肯定句中,一般后面接if/whether 引导的从句;在否定句中一般接that引导的从句。如:
    I doubt if/whether he has passed the exam.
    我怀疑他是否通过了考试。
    I don't doubt that she is telling the truth
    我不怀疑她说的是事实。
    doubt还可以用作可数名词或不可数名词。如:
    There is no doubt that we will be successful.
    毫无疑问我们将会成功。
    5. The noise almost drives me mad.
    噪音几乎使我受不了。
    [考点点拨] drive sb. mad使人受不了,其中drive意为“驱使”,指迫使某人处于某种状态或做某事。如:
    I believe your questions will drive me crazy.
    我相信你的问题将会使我精神错乱。
    Those children are driving me to despair.
    那些孩子让我都快绝望了。
    6.I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework
    我常常怀疑花费这么多时间做家庭作业是否值得。

    [考点点拨] be worth doing值得做……
    I don)t think this book is worth reading.
    我认为这本书不值得看。
    These stamps are worth collecting.
    这些邮票值得收集。
    (1) be worth+名词/代词。如:
    This watch is worth 100, 000 yuan,
    这块手表值10万元。
    (2) worth习惯上不用very修饰,而是用well修饰。如:
    This film is well worth watching.
    这部电影很值得一看。
    (3)在be worth doing结构中,主语是worth后面动名词的逻辑宾语,因此不及物动词后的介词不能省略。如:
    这首乐曲值得一听。
    误:This piece of music is worth listening.
    正:This piece of music is worth listening to.
    7.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
    特殊疑问句充当宾语从句时,引导词就用原来的特殊疑闻词,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须用陈述句语序。根据特殊疑问词在从句中所作的不同成分,可分为以下几种情况:
    1)连接词在宾语从句中作主语时,常见的连接词有:
    who.what和which等。如:
    Do you know which is the nearest planet to the Earth?
    你知道哪颗行星距离地球最近吗?
    (2)连接词在宾语从句中作宾语、状语或表语时,常见的连接词有:w ho( m),what,when和how等。如:
    We wondered who(m) her brother was waiting for.
    我们想知道她的弟弟在等谁。
    (3)连接词加名词在宾语从句中作宾语或表语,其中连接词作名词的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many和how much等。如:
    Please tell me how many students there are in your class.
    请告诉我你们班上有多少名学生。
    注意:“What's wrong…?./What's the matter…?/What's the trouble…?”充当宾语从句时语序不变;特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词作主语时,语序不变。如:
    I don't know. What's wrong with you?(合并为一句)
    I don't know what's wrong with you
    He asked,“What's the matter with you?”(改为间接引语)
    He asked what was the matter with me.
    8.提出建议
    我们可以Why not….Why don't you…,What/How about…,Let's…和Shall we…礼貌地提出建议。注意各自的用法:
    “Why not?”可以独立成句,也可以跟动词原形,意为“为什么不(……)呢?”。
    “Why don't you+动词原形?”意为“你为什么不……呢?”。
    “What/How about+名词/代词/动名词?”意为“……怎么样?”。
    “Let's+动词原形!”意为“咱们……吧!”。
    “Shall we+动词原形?”意为“我们……好吗?”。如:
    Why not have a break?
    为什么不休息一下呢?
    Why don't you have a break?
    你为什么不休息一下呢?
    What/How about this sweater?
    这件毛衣怎么样?
    What,/How about walking home together after school?
    放学后一起步行回家怎么样?
    Let's go home together!
    咱们一起回家吧!
    Shall we have a party next week?
    我们下周举办一场聚会好吗?
    perhaps也可以用来表示建议。如:
    Perhaps you should get there on time.
    也许你应该按时到那儿。

    语法题精练
    一、单项选择
    ( )1. Excuse me, can you tell me _______?
    A. when does the plane leave B. how long the plane has left
    C. when the plane leaves D. when did the plane leave
    ( )2.There are so many foggy days these days. We all want to know _______.
    A how can we do to prevent it
    B. how we can do to prevent it
    C. what we can do to prevent it
    D. what can we do to prevent it
    ( )3. Do you know _______?
    - 8, 844. 43 metres. It's a popular place with mountain climbers. .
    A how high is Qomolangma B. how long is Qomolangma
    C. how high Qomolangma is D. how long Qomolangma is
    ( )4. - We'd better invite Jim and Jack to the party tonight.
    - Yes, _______? I'll give them a call right now.
    A. why B. why not C. what for D. how
    ( )5. The endless loud music is _______ me mad.
    A bringing B. taking C. driving D. getting

    ( )6. - Tell me what you're proud of in your junior high school, Tony.
    - I _______ as captain of the school football team.
    A choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosen
    二、根据句意及中文提示完成单词
    1. He speaks English so quickly that I can_______ (几乎不) understand him
    2. (2014 .南通)There is no_______ (怀疑) that Nantong will develop into a modern city in the near future.
    3. Because of too much schoolwork in Grade 9, we should_______(管理) our time better.
    4. I found it hard to stay_______ (醒着的).
    5. - Who came up with the new _______(方法) of solving the problem?
    - Little Tom did.
    参考答案
    一、1—6 CCCBC D
    二、1. hardly 2. doubt 3. manage 4. awake 5.Method
    9A Unit 4 Art world
    词汇大集合
    1. 你想什么了? What’s on your mind ?
    2. 挂在心上 on one’s mind (mind 头脑,可数)
    3. 改变主意 change one’s mind
    4. 没关系 never mind
    5. 下定决心 make up one’s mind
    6. 介意做某事 mind (sb) doing sth
    7. 成长,长大grow up
    8. 发生什么事?What’s up?
    9. 没关系That’s all right .
    10. (答感谢句 That’s OK. Not at all . You’re welcome.
    11. (答道歉句 Never mind./ It doesn’t matter.)
    12. 行,好吧 All right (同意对方意见)
    13. 对,正确 That’s right .
    14. 对于我的屋子长的太大 grow too big for my house
    15. 为你自己建另一个 build another one for yourself
    16. 叫醒我 wake me up
    17. 了解这个世界 learn about the world
    18. 许可做某事 allow sb. to do sth.
    19. 在不同的时期 in different times
    20. 通过因特网 through the Internet
    21. 点击鼠标 click the mouse

    22. 大量的信息 a great deal of information
    23. 大量,许多 a great deal of + 不可数名词
    24. 许多 a number of +可数名词
    25. 许多 plenty of +可数或不可数名次=lots of
    26. 初级中学 junior high
    27. 在高中 in senior high
    28. 在大学 at university
    29. 在一所两年制专科学院 at a junior college
    30. 上初中期间 while attending junior high
    31. 参加学校队选拔 try out for the school team
    32. 参加…选拔(或试演) try out for sth.
    33. 尽某人最大努力做某事 try one’s best to do sth.
    34. 尝试做某事 try doing
    35. 让我试一下 Let me have a try
    36. 被拒绝做某事 be refused to do sth.
    37. 拒绝做某事 refuse to do
    38. 泄气,灰心, 失去信心 lose heart
    39. 迷路 get lost ( lose- lost – lost )
    40. ….的丧失 the loss of …
    41. 失去生命 lose one’s life
    42. 得到机会 get the chance
    43. 得了20 分 score 20 points
    44. 在他第一场比赛 in his first game
    45. 从那时起 from then on
    46. 坐在看台上 sit in the stands
    47. 因为身高 because of his height (n.)
    48. because的用法 because of +短语,Because +句子
    49. 练习做某事 practise doing sth.
    50. 甚至更努力 even harder
    51. 修饰比较级的 even + 比较级(a little /a bit / much / a lot /far 等
    52. 让教练改变了想法 got the coach to change his mind
    53. 继续做某事 go on doing /with sth.
    54. 继续去做另件事 go on to do sth.
    55. 成长为队里的领导者 become leader of the team
    56. 在他高中最后一年 in his last year of senior high
    57. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.
    58. 只有170厘米 only 170cm tall
    59. 他带领队伍取得了全国冠军 He led his team to the national championship .
    60. 通往… 通向… lead… to (lead-led- led )
    61. 带给他…关注 bring him to the attention of…
    62. 因此,结果 as a result
    63. 成功地做某事 succeed in doing sth ( success n. ---successful adj. –successful ly adv.
    64. 对…不感兴趣 be not interested in …
    65. 迫使某人做某事 force sb. to do sth.
    66. 逗留在那大约一年 remined there for about a year
    67. 注意到 pay attention to sb./sth /doing
    68. 注意,察觉 take notice of
    69. 成为NBA中最矮的运动员 become the shortest player in the NBA
    70. 获得许多伟大的成就 have many great achievements
    71. 以…而自豪 be proud of = take pride in
    72. 最骄傲的时刻 the proudest moment
    73. 通过努力 through hard work
    74. 从不放弃 never give up
    75. 成为NBA运动员 become an NBA player
    76. 高中毕业 graduate from high school
    77. 大学毕业 graduate from university
    78. 在那时 at that time
    79. 在他一生不同舞台 at different stages of his life
    80. 在句子的开始或中间 at the beginning or in the middle of sentences
    81. 去慢跑 go jogging
    82. 打篮球数小时 play basketball for hours
    83. 感觉精疲力竭 feel tired out
    84. 在公共汽车站等待 wait at the bus stop
    85. 接到某人的电话 receive a call from sb.
    86. 准备做某事be ready to do sth.
    87. 下班回家 come back from work
    88. 对…着迷 be crazy about doing sth.
    89. 少数几天 several days ( several + 可数名词)
    90. 变黑 get dark ( get + adj. )
    91. 直到十二岁,他才对篮球认真对待.
    He did not become serious about basketball until he was 12.
    92. 认真对待某事 become / be serious about sth.
    93. 对某人严格be serious with sb. (seriously adv.)
    94. 回到中国 return to China=come back to China
    95. 快速学习这门语言 learn the language quickly
    96. 在他的职业生涯中 in his career
    97. 在和亚特兰大鹰队的一场比赛中他得了41分
    score 41points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks
    98. (prep. 反对,违反,靠着 ,交战,比赛) against
    99. 迷恋打篮球 be crazy about playing basketball
    100. 参加奥林匹克 take part in the Olympics
    101. 作为中国运动员之一 as one of the Chinese athletes
    102. 结束他的篮球生涯 end his basketball career
    103. 第二次世界大战 World War Ⅱ
    104. 爆发 break out
    105. 破坏 break down
    106. 失去他们的生命 lose their lives
    107. 在战争期间 during the war
    108. 把…翻译成 translate …into
    109. 全世界 all over the world
    110. 那个时代的记录 a record of that time
    111. 成为人类精神胜利的象征 become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit
    112. 躲藏起来go into hiding
    113. 死于疾病 die of illness
    114. 死于… (疾病,衰老等自身原因) die of
    115. 死于…(环境造成,事故等外部原因 )die from
    116. 佩服这些孩子们的勇气 admire the children for their courage
    117. 因某事敬佩某人 admire sb. for sth.
    118. 写下她的想法 write down her thoughts
    119. 被翻译成不同的语言 . be translated into different languages
    120. 和朋友一起在战争中存活下来 survived the war with his friends.
    121. 为生命安全担忧 in fear of one’s life
    122. 为生命安全担忧 in fear of their lives
    123. 享受幸福的生活enjoy a happy life
    124. 德国人单复数及德国 . German ---Germans (复) – Germany (n)
    125. 生活在和平年代live in peace
    126. 请人把它出版 have it published
    127. 让某事被做; have sth. Done
    128. 让某人/事一直做 have sb./ sth. doing
    129. 让某人做某事 have sb do sth
    130. 有不开心的感觉 have the feeling of not being happy
    131. 有感觉无聊的状态have the state of feeling bored
    132. 猜单词的意思 guess the meaning of a word
    133. 遇到生词 come across the new words
    134. 她因做某事不开心 her unhappiness with doing sth.
    135. 在某人六十几岁 in one’s sixties
    136. 在他50多岁里 in his fifties
    137. 在七十年代 in the seventies
    138. 在二十世纪八十年代 in the 1980s (nineteen eighties)
    139. 对我影响最大的人 the person who has influenced me most
    140. 发现些不寻常的事 find something unusual
    141. 照顾孩子care for the children
    142. 关心某人care about sb.
    143. 捐血许多次 donate blood many times
    144. 救70多条命 save over 70 lives
    145. 有血癌的人 people with blood cancer
    146. 令人惊讶的是 to one’ surprise
    147. 使我惊讶 to my surprise
    148. 惊奇地in surprise
    149. 死后捐出身体给…donate his body for…after his death
    150. 医学研究 medical research
    151. 拥有充满爱的心 have a heart full of love
    9A Unit 5 Art world
    一、词汇大集合
    1. 艺术世界 art world
    2. 令人愉快的事情 something pleasant
    3. 停止做某事(同一件事情) stop doing sth.
    4. 停下来去做某事(另一件事情) stop to do sth.
    5. 你最喜欢的艺术形式(2) the art form you like best = your favourite art form
    6. 更喜欢流行音乐(2) prefer pop music=like pop music better
    7. 更喜欢、宁愿做某事 prefer to do sth
    8. 相对于B更喜欢 A prefer A to B
    9. 相对于做B更喜欢做 A prefer doing A to doing B
    10. 流行音乐之王 the king of Pop
    11. 他的音乐天赋 his musical talent
    12. 你为什么在那儿停止? Why do you stop there?
    13. 我已经发现了比艺术更令人愉快的事情。 I’ve found something more pleasant than art.
    14. 你喜欢什么艺术形式? What art form do you like?
    15. 你最喜欢什么种类的音乐? What kind of music do you like best?
    She prefers to live in a quiet place.16. 她更喜欢住在一个安静的地方。
    17. 比起咖啡,他更喜欢茶。 He prefers tea to coffee.
    18. 相对于踢足球,他更喜欢去游泳。He prefers going swimming to playing football.
    19. 音乐无边界 music without boundaries
    20. 给获胜者颁发奖牌 present a medal to a winner
    21. 由……写的 be written by…
    22. 一个世界著名的作曲家 a world-famous composer
    23. 在湖南省中部地区 in central Hunan
    24. 对音乐表现出乐趣 show an interest in
    25. 淙淙的水声和飒飒的风声 the sounds of the rushing water and the blowing wind
    26. 来自自然 come from nature
    27. 用像石头和纸之类的普通东西来制作音乐 make music with common objects like stones and paper
    28. 八年过后 eight years later
    29. 继续去美国学习 go on to study in the USA
    30. 来自世界各地的伟大的音乐家 great musicians from around the world
    31. 一首令人惊奇的乐曲 an amazing piece of music
    32. 通过控制水流的速度 by controlling the speed of water flow
    33. 在不同的人的脑海中产生不同的画面 create different pictures in different minds
    34. 帮助搭建东西方之间的桥梁 help build a bridge between the East and the West
    35. 成功地把中西方音乐融合在一起 successfully bring Chinese and Western music together
    36. 一种中国古钟 an ancient Chinese bell
    37. 以西方的形式 in a Western style
    38. 融合在一起制作一种新的类型 mix together to make a new type
    39. 在…的中心 in the centre of
    40. 尤其是在重要的场合 especially at an important event
    41. 自然的声音 the sounds of nature
    42. 世界上最伟大的作曲家之一 one of the greatest composers in the world
    43. 过去常常做某事 used to do sth.
    44. 习惯做某事 be used to doing sth.
    45. 中国传统音乐 traditional Chinese music
    46. 在2008年北京奥运会上,每当给获胜者颁发奖牌时,颁奖音乐就会响起。
    Each time a medal was presented to a winner at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, the award music was played.
    47. 1958年出生于中国湖南省的中部地区,谭盾是在浏阳河边长大的。
    Born in 1958 in central Hunan, China, Tan Dun grew up near the Liuyang River.
    48. 他喜欢淙淙的水声和飒飒的风声,因为对他来说,最美妙的音乐来自于大自然。
    He loves the sounds of the rushing water and the blowing wind because, to him, the best music comes from nature.
    49. 因为当时没有任何乐器,他就用一些普通的东西,比如石头、纸什么的,来创作音乐。
    Since he had no musical instruments then, he made music with common objects like stones and paper.
    50. 作为一位作曲家,也许他最为人知的是为电影《卧虎藏龙》作Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon 作曲而赢得奥斯卡大奖。
    As a composer, perhaps he is best known for winning an Oscar for his music in the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.
    51. 她过去曾是为老师。(as) She used to work as a teacher.
    52. 因为喜欢天籁之音,谭盾多次将其运用于他的音乐中。As he likes the sounds of nature, Tan uses them a lot in his music.
    53. 我的音乐就是梦想无边。My music is to dream without boundaries.
    54. 被选择为北京奥运会写乐曲 be chosen to write music for the Beijing Olympics
    55. 能够做某事 be able to do sth.
    56. 高度评价 think highly of
    57. 拉小提琴 play the violin
    58. 在歌舞表演中 at the song and dance show
    59. 努力操练 practise hard
    60. 为艺术节设计海报 design the posters for the art festival
    61. 学生艺术展 a students’ art show
    62. 对所有的学生家长开放 be open to all students and parents
    63. 给我们一场歌剧的免费门票 give us free tickets to an opera
    64. 帮助我们了解更多不同的艺术形式 help us learn more about different art forms
    65. 等某人 wait for sb.
    66. 门口的那个男的 the man at the door
    67. 过了一会 after a while
    68. 看到Amy朝我们跑来 see Amy running towards us
    69. 急忙进入剧院 hurry into the theatre
    70. 持续一个半小时(2) last for one and a half hours
    71. 我喜欢听音乐,因为它使我感到放松。 I like listening to music because it makes me feel relaxed.
    72. 我迟到了,因为交通太拥挤。 I’m late because there was too much traffic.
    73. 我们最好快点,因为歌剧20分钟后开始。 We’d better be quick since/as the opera will begin in 20 minutes.
    74. 因为歌剧刚开始,我们没有错过许多。 Since / As the opera had just started, we did not miss much.
    75. 我们到达的时候,Kitty已经在那儿了。 When we arrived, Kitty had already been there.
    76. 我们一点也不感到无聊。 We did not get bored at all.
    77. 歌剧马上就要开始了。 The opera is going to start in a minute.
    78. 每个人都受欢迎。 Everybody is welcome.
    79.每次我画画的时候,我都会在色彩的世界中玩得很开心。
    80. 不同种类的音乐 different kinds of music
    81. 各种各样的 all kinds of
    82. 艺术节的音乐会 concerts at the art festival
    83. 古典音乐 classical music
    84. 有持久的价值 have a lasting value
    85. 由美国黑人创造 be created by African American
    86. 在玩的过程中编音乐 make up the music while playing
    87. 以传统的方式 in the traditional style
    88. 有很强的地方特色 have strong local colour
    89. 一场音乐演出 a music show
    90. 参加所有的音乐会 attend all the concerts
    91. 太吵 be too noisy
    92. 由于鼓 because of the drums
    93. 在剧院门口 at the gate of the theatre
    94. 来享受音乐的一天吧! Come and enjoy a day of music!
    95. 这种音乐是有关乡村生活和牛仔的。 This kind of music is about country life and cowboys.
    96. 今晚你想要去音乐会吗?Would you like to go to a concert tonight?
    97. 叫他下车 tell him to get off
    98. 农业科学 the science of farming
    99. 闻起来难闻 smell bad
    100. 对…产生了兴趣 become interested in
    101. 夸奖我为艺术节做的设计 praise my designs for the art festival
    102. 由于某事称赞某人 praise sb. for sth.
    103. 真的很有绘画的天赋 have a real gift for painting
    104. 和某人玩 play with sb.
    105. 玩、摆弄某物 play with sth.
    106. 像往常一样 as usual
    107. 把颜料盒水混在一起 mix the paint the paint with water
    108. 拿走,拿开 take away
    109. 四处跑 run in all directions
    110. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.
    111. 痴迷于蜡笔和颜料 be crazy about crayons and paints
    112. 你觉得这种艺术形式怎么样?(2) As I took the brush away, I dropped some paint onto the paper.
    What do you think of/How do you like this art form?
    113. 我曾经不喜欢美术课,因为我不能画得很好。
    I once did not like art lessons because I could not draw very well.
    114. 当我拿开刷子时,我滴了点颜料在纸上。 I enjoy myself in the world of colours every time I paint.
    115. 看着这块水彩印,我决定吹一下。 Looking at the mark, I decided to blow it.
    116. 我忘了是在上课,直到罗老师来到我的桌子旁边。 I forgot that I was in class until Ms Luo came by my desk.
    117. 她鼓励我继续尝试并创作出更多精彩的画。 She encouraged me to keep trying and make more wonderful pictures.
    Unit 6 TV programmes
    一、词汇大集合:
    电视台 a TV station
    电视频道 a TV channel
    遥控器 a remote control
    广播 broadcast
    演播室 a studio
    电视节目 TV programmes
    卡通 cartoon
    谈话内节目 chat show
    纪录片 documentary
    游戏类节目game show
    喜剧 comedy
    连续剧 drama series
    1整天 all day
    2 和…一样忙 as busy as as +adj./ adv. 原级 as
    3 变得无聊 get bored ( get + adj.)
    4 但你无事可做 But you have nothing to do .
    无事可做 have nothing to do 有…要做 have … to do
    5 我要稍稍休息下 I need a little sleep
    一点米饭 a little rice = a bit of rice
    有点趣 a bit/ a little funny ( a little / a bit + 形/副的原级和比较级)
    6 到晚饭时间了。 It’s dinner time.
    在早/中/晚饭时间 at breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner (time)
    7 狗儿的活是干不完的。 A dog’s work is never done!
    8 我希望有一天我能参加一个这种节目 I hope one day I can take part in one of them .
    希望做某事 hope to do sth.
    Hope +that 从句
    参加 take part in (参加活动)
    Join 加入团体,组织
    attend 出席或参加

    9 总会有一些名人出现在这些节目中谈论他们的生活。
    There are always famous people on these shows talking about their lives .
    有。。。在做某事 There be + n, + doing sth
    10. 一周新闻综述,有很多体坛最新消息
    A weekly round-up of what is happening in sports, with lots of up-to-date / the latest information.
    (weekly adj. 每周的 n. 周刊
    daily adj.每天的 n. 日报
    monthly adj.每月的 n. 月刊
    quarterly adj. 每季度的 n.季刊
    yearly adj. 每年的 n. 年刊)
    up-to-date 最新的---- out-of-date 过时的
    11.(1)节目包括了不同的运动。 The programme covers /includes different sports.
    (2)现场直播 be covered live
    (3)被…覆盖 be covered with /by …
    (4)10元够付这本书的价钱吗? Will 10 yuan cover the cost of the book? ( cover v.够付 钱)
    12.(1)如果你不是足球迷,你将不想错过这周的节目。
    If you are not a football fan, you will not want to miss this week’s programme.(fan 迷;风扇)
    13.也有大量关于一些著名足球运动员的采访。 ( interview n./v.---interviewer n. 采访者) There are also a number of interviews with some famous football players.
    A 与B 会面,A 采访B A have an interview with B= A interview B
    14.还包括一篇为即将到来的世界杯而准备的报道。on 关于 (正式)
    A report on the coming World Cup will also be included. (include v.---including prep 包括)
    15.今年的北京音乐颁奖大会 this year’s Beijing Music Awards
    16.许多亚洲的流行明星将会参加。 Many Asian pop stars will attend. (Asians 亚洲人)
    参加会议 attend the meeting (Asia n.亚洲—Asian adj.亚洲的)
    参加活动 join in / take part in the activities
    积极参加…. take an active part in…
    17.网上投票选。。。 vote online for…
    18.节目中将宣布评选结果。
    The results will be announced during the show . (announce v.—announcement n. 宣告,声明)
    19.将信息发送至1396 send text messages to 1396
    (information 不可数 资料,信息
    news 不可数 新闻,消息
    message 可数 口信,消息,电报 为某人捎个口信
    take a message for sb 留个口信给某人 leave a message to sb
    20 赢得两张免费的音乐会票 win two free concert tickets
    21.一个新导演执导的恐怖片 a horror film directed by a new director (direct v.导演 )
    ( horror n.—horrible adj.恐怖的—horribly adv.恐怖地)
    一个直接的回答 a direct answer ( direct adj. 直接的)
    他直接回了家. He went home directly.
    (directly adv.直接地) 在。。。方向上
    in the direction of… (direction n.方向 )
    22.被谋杀 be murdered ( murder v./n.谋杀—murderer n. 谋杀 者)
    23.在这部电影中,一个有钱医生被发现死在家中。
    In the film , a wealthy doctor is found dead in his house.
    (dying adj. 快死的—dead adj. 死的—die v. 死--- death n, 死)
    24 .直到电影的结尾你才能找到答案. You will not find out the answer until the very end.
    ( until 与till 可以互换,但till 不可以放于句首,只用于句中。但until 可以。)
    直到。。。。一直。。。 do…..until/ till ( do 是延续性动词)
    直到。。。才。。。 not do….until/ till ( do 是短暂性动词)
    25.(1)充满恐怖和神秘色彩 be full of / be filled with horror and mystery
    一个装满水的瓶子 a bottle full of / filled with water
    (2)喜欢探究悬疑 enjoy solving mysteries
    26.容易被吓倒 get scared easily
    害怕….. be scared of
    27.这个一个小时的记录影片近距离展示了印度虎的生活。
    This one-hour documentary takes a close look at the life of tigers in India. =this one hour’s documentary…
    28.意识到这些老虎面临着多大的危险realize how much danger these tigers face
    面临危险 face the danger
    面对困难 face the difficulty
    29.一个动物爱好者 an animal-lover
    30.看印度的风景 see scenes of India
    (scene n.(具体的某个)风景 scenery n.风景的统称,更只自然 风光)
    31.因它的令人赞叹的拍摄获了一个奖win an award for its amazing photography
    赢了一个大奖 win a big prize
    (prize n.(可数)奖赏,奖品,奖金) 比赛赢了
    win the competition (win + 比赛项目 赢了…)
    击败某人 beat + sb
    32.一个电视节目单 a TV guide
    33. 被录制 be recorded
    (record v.录制—recorder n.录音机)
    34.去世 pass away 经过;忽略 pass by (past 介词 )
    35 与…不同 be different from
    36 浪费时间 a waste of time
    37 我已经采访了我们学校的三名学生关于他们看电视的习惯。
    I have interviewed three students at my school about their TV viewing habits .
    (可数) 好/坏习惯 good / bad habits
    38 农村周围的人 people around the country
    39 长大 grow up 长成 grow into
    40 收到来自某人的信息 receive a message from sb.
    41 三个穿着警察制服的人 three men in police uniforms
    42 从…走出 come out of …
    43 阻止某人做某事 stop sb. from doing
    44 推进…. push into …
    1 if 的用法:
    (1)表“如果” 主句用的时态是将来时,那么if 引导的从句时态是一般现在时。
    如果明天我有空,我会和你们一起去。
    If I am free tomorrow , I will go hiking with you .
    (2)表“是否”,用于宾语从句中,连接的从句用陈述语序。(该用什么时态就用什么时态)
    他问我们英语是不是我们的主要课程
    He asked us if English is our major subject .
    没有人知道明天是否下雨
    Nobody knows if it will rain .
    2 if 与whether 都是连词, 表“是否”
    但下面几种情况不能用if , 只能用whether
    (1) 在动词不定式之前
    我不能决定是否去外国深造
    I can’t decide whether to go abroad for further study .
    (2) 后面有or not
    警放不能断定那个衬衫上有血的男子是不是凶手
    The police didn’t confirm whether or not the man with blood on his shirt was the murderer .
    (3) 前面有介词
    他们正在讨论是否参加竞赛节目
    They are talking about whether they will take part in the game show .
    (4) 宾语从句放在句首表强调
    他们是否坚持尝试还没决定
    Whether they keep trying has not been decide .
    3 Unless 表“除非…”“如果不…”引导条件从句
    (1)除非你努力学习,否则你将落后别人
    You will fall behind others unless you work hark .
    (2) unless 在意义相当于 if…not , 可以进行替换。
    但是在否定条件句中,if…not 就不能替代unless
    除非你真不懂,不然别让我解释 Don’t ask me to explain unless you really don’t understand .
    9A Unit 7 Films
    一、词汇大集合
    单词
    romantic adj.浪漫的 western n.西部电影;西部小说
    industry n.工业;产业 storyteller n.讲故事的人
    script n.剧本 all-time adj. 一向的;空前的
    actress n.女演员 loss n.丧失,损失;失败
    beauty n.美人;美丽 humanitarian n.人道主义者
    ballet n.芭蕾舞;芭蕾舞剧dancer n.舞蹈者
    charm n.,魅力 insist vt.&vi.坚持认为;坚持
    lead n.主角,扮演主角的演员 role n.角色
    base vt.以……为基础 major adj.主要的;较大的
    mark vt.表明;标志 princess n.公主
    lifetime n.终身,一生 nomination n.提名
    final adj.最终的,最后的 appearance n.出现,露面;外貌
    angel n.天使 beyond prep.超出,除……之外
    effort n,努力;艰难的尝试 peacefully adv.宁静地;和平地
    attractive adj.漂亮的,有吸引力的
    row n.(一)排,(一)行 amazed adj.大为惊奇
    mistake vt.误以为 area n.领域
    DVD abbr.(=digital videodise)数码影碟
    actor n.演员 tale n.故事;讲述,叙述
    dinosaur n.恐龙 cancel vt.取消;终止
    stupid adj.愚蠢的 superstar n,超级明星
    stuntman n.特技替身演员 consider vt. 认为;考虑
    词组
    1.film star电影明星 2.in your dream你做梦,你妄想
    3.so…that以至于 4.action movie动作片
    5.science fiction科幻电影;科幻小说
    6.be suitable for适合做某事
    7.such.…that如此……以至于
    8.would rather宁愿 9.one of……之一
    10.catch one's attention吸引某人的注意
    11.insist on坚持 12.be based on以……为基础
    13. play the role of扮演……的角色
    14. World WarⅡ第二次世界大战
    15.the lead role主演 16.the beginning of …的开始
    17.pass away去世 18. mistake for把……弄混
    19. fall in love with爱上某人
    20.a great success 一个巨大的成功
    21.rush hour交通高峰期 22.parking lot停车场
    23.special offer特价优惠 24.consider as把……看作
    二、句型大集合
    1.Do you know who I am7你知道我是谁吗?
    who I am是宾语从句,作know的宾语;宾语从句要用陈述句的顺序来表示,不能说成“who am I”。
    2.When he died in 1993, the world felt very sad about the loss of a great beauty, a great actress and a great humanitarian,当她在1993年去世时,世人对于这个伟大的美人,女演员,以及人文主义者的去世而伤心。
    (1) the world代替全世界的人们。
    (2)loss作名词,意为“丧失;损失;失败”。其动词形式为lose。
    (3) beauty作名词,意为“美人;美丽”。其形容词形式为beautiful。
    (4) act, actor, actress, action, active和activity


    3. Hepburn's beauty and charm caught the writer's attention.赫本的美貌和魅力吸引了这位作家的注意。
    短语catch one's attention意思是“引起某人的注意”。
    4.Colette insisted that Hepburn was the perfect girl for the lead role in Gigi, a play based upon her novel, although Hepburn had never played any major roles before.
    《琪琪》这部戏是根据科莱特的小说改编的,科莱特坚持认为赫本是该戏主角的完美人选,尽管赫本之前从未出演过任何主要角色。
    (1) insist作动词,意为“坚持认为;坚持”。
    ①坚决要求;坚持要;一定要。常见短语为insist on,后接名词或者动名词。
    ②insist+宾语从句(从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形或省去should)。
    The young men insisted that they( should) be sent to the front.
    那些年轻人坚持要求被派往前线去。
    (2)base
    ①base on“以……为根据”,用法应是base A on B。
    You should base your opinion on facts.
    你的意见都要以事实为根据。
    ②be based on“以……为根据”;“根据……”;“基于……”用法是A be based on B。
    What he said is based on fact.
    他所说的话是以事实为根据的。
    5. Two years later, Hepburn was chosen to play the lead role of a young princess in the Hollywood film Roman Holiday,两年之后,赫本被选中在好莱坞电影《罗马假日》中扮演女主角,一位年轻的公主。
    be chosen to为被动语态,意为“被选中”。play the role of意为“扮演什么角色”。
    6. Hepburn’s achievements went beyond the film industry.赫本取得的成就不仅仅在电影业。
    句中的go beyond意思是“超出,除……之外”。如:
    As a nurse, her work goes beyond taking care of the patients.作为护士,她的工作不仅仅是照顾病患。
    7. On 20 January 1993, she passed away peacefully in her sleep.1993年1月20日她(赫本)在睡梦中安然辞世。
    短语pass away是委婉语,表示“去世”。
    8.Some people mistook her for a real princess. 一些人把她误认为真的公主。
    (1)mistake作动词,意为“误以为”。mistake的过去式为mistook。常见短语为mistake for“把……误认为”。
    (2) mistake作名词,意为“错误”。常见短语为make a mistake“犯错误”;by mistake“由于失误”。
    I took your pen by mistake.由于失误我拿了你的钢笔。

    9. Here is some information about the films now showing at the cinemas.这里是影院正在上映的影片信息。
    句中的showing at the cinemas是现在分词短语作定语,修饰前面的films。show的意思是“上映,演出,展览”,可以用作及物动词或不及物动词。如:
    Tales of Old Beijing is now showing at Olympic Cinema.
    《老北京的故事》正在奥林匹克影院上映。
    10.Daniel, the talk on films has been cancelled this Saturday.丹尼尔,这周六关于电影的讲座取消了。
    句中的has been cancelled是现在完成时的被动语态。
    All the work has been done.所有的工作都做完了。
    11. Jackie Chan is considered by many people as a superstar, not only for his、success in action films, but also for his efforts in charity work.
    成龙被很多人认为是超级明星,不仅仅是在功夫电影上的成功,而且是他在慈善事业上的努力。
    Not only Jack's friends but also his sister is interested in that film.
    不仅杰克的朋友们喜欢那个电影而且他的妹妹也喜欢。
    三、语法大聚焦
    A although和though的使用
    【一语击破】
    A.两词的共性
    两词同义可换用,但although语气较重,通常放在句首并用于正式场合。如:
    I'd quite like to go out,(al) though it is a bit late.
    我很想外出,虽然为时稍晚。
    B.只用though不用although的情况
    1.用though时,可将强调的词前置,但although不能。如:
    Poor though/as he is, he is happy.
    虽然他穷,但过得很愉快。
    2.although只用作连词,而though除作连词外,还可用作副词,常置句末,句子较长时,也置于句中。如:
    It's hard work, I enjoy it though.
    这是苦差事,可我干得颇有乐趣。
    3. I though可用于even though,as though等结构,although则不能。如:
    You look as though(= as if) you know each other.
    看起来你们好像彼此认识,
    4.though常用于省略句。如:
    Though( he is) alone, he is happy.
    虽然他一个人,他很开心。
    【友情提醒】although和though用作连词时不能和but连用,但可跟yet,still等连用。如:
    B so. that和such. that的使用
    so.…that和such.…that这两个结构中that引导的分句都是结果状语从句,意思都是“(如此……)以至……”。由于其前的so是副词,such是形容词,因此这两个句型在构成上也有一定的差异。
    A.so. that用法
    so…that…引导三种不同的句子结构:
    1.so+形容词/副词+that从句。如:
    He did so well in the examination that everyone praised him.他考得那么好,人人都称赞他。
    2.so+形容词+a(n)十单数名词+ that从句。如:
    It was so good an exhibition that l went to see it several times.展览是那么好,结果我就去看了好几次。
    3.so+ many/much/few/little+名词+that从句。如:
    I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
    我跌了那么多跤,全身跌得青一块,紫一块的。
    B.such. that用法
    such.…that…引导两种不同的句子结构:
    1.such +a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句。如:
    It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice.
    这是一部很有意思的电影,我看了两次。
    2.such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that从句。
    C.so. that和such. that的转化
    她非常诚实,大家都信赖她。
    She is so honest that everybody trusts her.
    →She is such an honest girl that everybody trusts her.
    →She is so honest a girl that everybody trusts her.
    C so that的使用
    目的从句表示动机(即一种可能性),并非事实,只是想要达到某个结果的意愿,因而从句中多用假定性的谓语动词。常有can,many,will,could,might,would,should等情态动词。情态动词本身并无词汇意义,只是一种虚拟用法。结果从句表示客观事实,所以用陈述语气的谓语动词,从句中常无情态动词。如:
    I always write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear.我写作总是字斟句酌,是为了让人看懂我的意思。
    四、词汇句型语法大透析
    1.western n.
    [考点点拨] western作名词,意为“西部电影,西部小说”,复数是westerns: 作形容词,意为“西方的,西部的”。如:
    The number 13 is unlucky in Western minds.
    西方人认为13是个不吉利的数字。
    There're different types of films in the cinema, such as action films, horror films, westerns and so on.
    电影院有不同种类的电影,比如动作片、恐怖片、西部电影等等。
    2.actress n.
    [考点点拨]act可以作为动词,意为“表演,扮演”;actor是名词,意为“演员(通常指男演员)”,actress意为“女演员”。如:
    Audrey Hepburn was one of the greatest actresses in history.
    奥黛丽·赫本是史上最伟大的女演员之一。
    My favourite actor is Jackie Chan He has acted many famous characters.
    我最喜欢的演员是成龙。他扮演过许多著名的角色。
    3.mark vt.
    [考点点拨]mark作动词,意为“表明,标志,做记号”;作名词,意为“记号;成绩,等级”。如:
    This speech may mark a change in government policy.
    这篇演讲表明政府的政策可能会有变化。
    The teacher marked her absence.
    老师给她做了个缺课的记号。
    I got full marks in the spelling test.
    我在拼写测验中得了满分。
    4.consider vt.
    [考点点拨]consider意为“认为;考虑”。consider sb. as…意为“认为某人是……,把某人当作……”;常用句型有“consider+ that从句”以及“consider+ it+宾语补足语+不定式”。如:
    Mr Yang is considered as the most popular teacher in our
    school.杨老师被认为是我校最受欢迎的老师。
    We consider that the driver is not blamed.
    我们认为这个司机不应该受责备。
    I consider it impossible to get on well with him.
    我认为和他融洽相处是不可能的。
    We consider you as our friend. 我们把你当朋友。
    consider还意为“考虑”,consider sth. /doing sth. 意为“考虑……”。如:
    I'm considering changing a job.我正在考虑换份工作。
    The Smiths are considering moving to the south to try their luck there.
    史密斯一家正在考虑搬到南方,到那儿试试运气。
    5. Hepburn spent her last few years working closely with UNICEF so that she could help poor children in different parts of the world.
    赫本在她生命的最后几年与联合国儿童基金会密切合作,这样她就能多帮助世界不同地方的贫困儿童。
    [考点点拨] so that引导目的状语从句时,意为“以便,为了”,从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词或助动词;引导结果状语从句时,从句
    中一般不用can和may等词,在so that前可以用逗号,意为“因此,所以”。如:
    I work hard so that I can enter a good high school.
    我努力学习以便能进入一所好的高中。
    6. On 20 January 1993, she passed away peacefully in her sleep. 1993年1月20日,她在睡梦中安详地去世了。
    [考点点拨]
    (1) pass away委婉语,意为“死去,去世”,一般用于名人或伟人。如:
    Our great Premier Zhou Enlai passed away, but he is still alive in people's heart.
    我们伟大的周恩来总理去世了,但他永远活在人们的心中。
    pass away还可意为“消失;消磨时间”。如:
    The day passed away pleasantly as we talked about our happy childhood.
    我们谈论着我们快乐的童年,那天很愉快地就过去了。
    (2) peacefully副词,意为“安静地,宁静地;爱好和平地”;形容词是peaceful,意为“和平的,安宁的”;名词是peace,意为“和平,安宁”。如:
    I hope you can solve the problem peacefully.
    我希望你们能和平地解决这个问题。
    People in Iraq hope to live a peaceful life.
    生活在伊拉克的人们希望过上安宁的生活。
    7.although/though的用法
    although相当于though,意为“尽管,虽然”,用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and,so等连用,但可以和yet,still等词连用。如:
    There is air all around us, although we cannot see it.
    虽然我们看不见空气,但它却存在于我们的周围。
    8.so…that的用法
    (1)so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句,常和too…to…以及not enough to…互换。如:
    My daughter is so young that she can't dress herself.
    =My daughter is too young to dress herself.
    =My daughter isn't old enough to dress herself.
    我的女儿太小了,不能自己穿衣服。
    (2) so…that常用于下列句型:
    ①so+形容词/副词+that从句。如:
    He ran so quickly that we all couldn't catch up with him.
    他跑得很快,我们都追不上他。
    ②so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句。如:
    This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it.
    这是如此有趣的一本书,以至于我们都喜欢看。
    ③so+many(多)/few(少)+复数可数名词+that从句。如:
    He has so many balls that I can't count them
    他有很多球,我数也数不清。
    9.such…that的用法
    (1) such…that意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句,such后接名词或名词短语。如:
    He is such a funny boy that everyone likes him
    他是一个如此有趣的男孩,以至于大家都喜欢他。
    (2) such…that的常用句型:
    ①such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that从句。如:
    He is such an honest man that we all believe him very much.
    他是一个如此诚实的人以至于我们都很相信他。
    ②such+adj.+复数可数名词+that从句。如:
    There are such interesting storybooks in this bookshop that it is filled with people every day.
    这家书店里有如此有趣的故事书以至于每天都挤满了人。
    ③such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句。如:
    He has made such great progress that his parents are pleased with him.
    他进步得很快,他的父母对他感到很满意。
    (3)如果名词前有many,much,few,little等诃所修饰的话,则不用such而用so。如:
    There are so many beautiful bikes in this shop that I can't decide which one to buy.这家商店里有许多漂亮的自行车,以至于我不能决定买哪一辆。
    10.so that的用法
    so that意为“为了,以便”,引导目的状语从句;in order that=so that引导目的状语从句;in order to后面只能跟动词原形。如:
    They got up early so that they could see the sunrise.
    =In order to see the sunrise, they got up early.
    =They got up early in order that they could see the sunrise.
    他们早起是为了能看到日出。
    语法题精练
    一、单项选择
    ( )1. John asked the boy to take another seat_______ he could sit next to his wife.
    A because B so that
    C so D.in order to
    ( )2, Learning a foreign language needs a certain _______, no matter how easy it is.
    A luck B effort C excuse D.chance
    ( )3. Exercising more is good for us.
    - So, I'd rather_______ an hour's walk to school than consider _______ a bus.
    A take; take B taking; taking
    C. take; taking D taking; take
    ( )4. _______ jeans were invented over 100 years ago, they're still in fashion today.
    A Because B If C Although D.Since
    ( )5. The movie is_______ wonderful _______ I want to see it again.
    A.too; to B. so; that C.as; as D.so; as
    二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
    1. The doctor's sudden death is a great_______ (lose) to the hospital.
    2. Do you still_______ (insist) on your price?
    3. Why not consider_______ (do) it in another way? Maybe you'll succeed.
    4. He hopes to live a simple and _______ (peace) life.
    三、根据汉语提示完成句子
    1.在未来几年,政府将在环保方面投入更多的精力。
    ______________ into protecting the environment by the government in/he next few years.
    2.听说他上个月逝世了,我很难过。
    I am sorry to hear that he_______ last month.
    3.这个节目太无聊以至于很多人都不喜欢。
    The programme is_______ many people don't like it.
    参考答案
    一、1—5 BBCCB
    二、1. loss 2.insist 3.doing 4.peaceful
    三、1. More effort(s) will be put 2.passed away 3.so boring that
    另附词汇句型语法大箩筐
    一、词汇
    卡通 cartoons
    动作片 action films
    恐怖片 horror films
    爱情片 romantic films
    科幻片 science fiction films
    西方影片 western films
    电影节 the film festival
    1.你很幸运 You are very lucky
    ( luck n. –lucky adj. –luckily adv. 幸运) ( unlucky adj. – unluckily adv. 不幸运)
    2 你做梦,你妄想 in your dream (n/v . dream )
    梦想某物 dream of / about sth. 梦想做某事 dream to do
    3 遇到一位法国作家 meet a French writer
    (meet – met – met )
    (France 法国—French 法国的,法语—Frenchman/ Frenchmen 法国人)
    (England 英国—English 英国的,英语—Englishman/Englishmen 英国人)
    (Germany 德国—German 德国的,德语—German/ Germans 德国人)
    4 你认为谁适合进入电影界? Who do you think would be suitable for entering the film industry ?
    (1)适合… be suitable for sth. / be suitable to sb.
    (2)进入… enter sp.= go into sp.
    5 .尽管我喜欢表演,我宁愿做过导演。Though I like acting , I would rather be a director. Reading
    6.你最喜欢的电影明星 your favourite film star
    7.好莱坞空前的最伟大的女演员之一 one of Hollywood’s all-time greatest actresses
    8.全世界伟失去一个美丽的化身而难过。 The world felt very sad about the loss of a great beauty.
    (lose v.—lost adj.迷路的,丢失的—loss n.消失,损失)
    9 她热爱舞蹈,梦想成为一个成功的芭蕾舞演员。 She loved dancing and dream of becoming a successful ballet dancer.
    10 科莱特坚持赫本是扮演《琪琪》这部戏里女主角的完美人选。 Colette insisted that Hepburn was the perfect girl for play the lead role in Gigi...
    扮演…的角色 play the role of sth
    扮演主角-一个年青的公主 play the lead role of a young princess
    坚持做某事 insist on / upon doing
    11 以…为基础 base upon
    12 这件事标志着她的成功的职业生涯的开始。 The event marked the beginning of Her successful career.
    标志着…的开始 mark the beginning of …
    一个职业运动员 a career player
    (mark n.(1)分数 get full marks
    (2)记号
    (3)痕迹 v.
    (1)评分 mark the exam paper
    (2) 标志
    (3)做记号)
    13 被选上做某事 be chosen to do sth
    14 一次巨大的成功 a big success
    15.变得出名 become world-famous
    因。。出名 be famous/ well-known for…
    作为…出名 be famous/ well-known as…
    。 。。是众所周知的. It’s well-known that…
    。 。。是不为人知晓的. It’s unknown that…
    16 .她因在这部影片中的角色而获得了一次奥斯卡最佳女演员奖。 She won an Oscar for Best Actress for her role in this film.
    因为…赢得… win… for …
    17 .在某人一生中 in /during one’s life/ lifetime
    18 某人最后一次露面 make one’s final appearance
    (appear v.—appearance n. disappear v.—disappearance n.)
    19 赫本的成就超出了电影的范畴 Hepburn’s achievements went beyond the film industry.
    (achieve v.取得—achievement n.成就 可数)
    20 与某人亲密合作 work closely with sb
    22 因为在这个领域的努力,她获得了很多奖项 She won many awards because of her efforts in this area.
    将某人精力投入到… put one’s effort into sth (effort 精力 不可数)
    努力做某事 make efforts to do sth (effort 努力 可数名词)
    23 赫本发现她得了癌症。 Hepburn discovered the she had cancer ( discover that…. (首次)发现)
    24 在睡梦中平静地逝去 pass away peacefully in one’s sleep
    25 做出决定 make a decision (n.) (decide v. )
    26. 保持安静 keep quiet/silent ( quiet adj.—quietly adv. )
    安静 in silence (silent adj.—silence n.)
    27 我早早离开是为了避开高峰期 I left early to avoid the rush hour .
    避免做某事 avoid sth. / doing sth. 交通高峰期 rush hour
    28 一些人误将她当成了真的公主 Some people mistook her for a real princess .
    把… 误认为 mistake …for (mistake—mistook – mistaken )
    29 被她的美丽而惊叹 be amazed by her beauty
    30 适合所有的年龄 be suitable for all ages 不同年龄层次的人 people of all ages
    31 与某人落入爱河 fall in love with sb
    32 将恐龙的鲜活形象搬上荧屏 bring dinosaurs alive on screen
    33 特价 a special offer
    34 .出生日 date of birth 出生地 place of birth
    35 建立 set up
    36 成龙被很多人看成一个巨星 Jackie Chan is considered by many people as a superstar
    (1) 把…看做 consider …as
    (2) 把…看做 consider … to be
    (3) 考虑做某事 consider doing sth.
    (4) consider +that 从句
    1 though 与 although 的用法
    (1)though 与 although 意为“尽管,即使”一般情况可以互换使用。只是 though 常用语 口语或书面语,although 比较正式。 虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那儿。 Though / Although it was raining , we went there .
    (2)though 与 although 引导让步状语从句时,常采用省略形式 虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作 Although tired (= Although he was tired ), he kept on working . 这个问题虽然比较复杂,但还是比较容易解决。 The problem , though complicated (= though it is complicated ) , can be solved without much difficulty .
    2 so …that 与 such …that 用法 。
    (1) 如此。。以致。。 。 so+ adj./ adv. …that…… 我们的很多病人很穷以致他们负担不起到医院的费用。 Many of our patients are so poor that the can’t afford to travel to hospital.
    (2)如此…的一个… so+ adj.+ a/an+名词: 如此重要的工作 such an important job= so important a job
    (3) 如此。。以致。。 。 。 such+名词短语 +that ….. 如此好的消息 such good news d 对的 so good news 错的
    (4) 如此多/少 so+ many/much/ few/little ….
    (5) 为了让他们保持健康,所有的孩子该有干净水喝,干净食物吃。 All children should have clean water and food so that they can be healthy. 为了,以便 so that
    9A Unit 8
    一、词汇大集合
    单词
    detective n.侦探,警探 clue n.线索
    missing adj.缺少的;丢失的
    murder vt.谋杀;杀害 suspect v.犯罪嫌疑人
    medium adj.中等的 untidy adj.不整洁的

    guess vt.猜,猜测 guilty adj.有罪的
    truth n.事实,真相 lie vi.说谎
    might modal v.或许,可能 murderer.n,杀人犯,凶手
    confirm vt.证实,确认 victim n.受害者,罹难者
    crime v.犯罪活动;罪行 somewhere adv.在某处
    contact vt.联系 steal vt.偷,窃取
    experienced adj.有经验的;老练的
    system n.系统 suppose vt.猜想,假定,料想
    only adj.仅有的,唯一的 witness n.目击者;证人
    report vt.举报,报告 breathe vi.& vt.呼吸
    heavily adv.沉重地;猛烈地
    reward n.报酬,奖金 arrest n.逮捕
    couple n.夫妇,一对 fingerprint n. 指纹,手印
    probably adv.大概,或许 criminal adj.犯罪的,犯法的
    female adj.女(性)的; 雌性的
    boss n.老板,上司 hurry n. 急忙,匆忙
    kidnapping n.绑架,劫持 wealth n.财富
    prison n.监狱 hairdresser n.理发师,发型师
    kidnap vt.绑架,劫持 safety n.安全,保险
    lock vt.锁 shut vt.关上,封闭;合拢
    stranger n. 陌生人 necklace n.项链
    diamond n.钻石 theft n.偷窃
    jewellery n.(英)[总称]珠宝=(美)jewelry
    词组
    1. look for寻找 2.make notes做笔记
    3.medium height中等身材
    4.according to根据 5.think about考虑
    6.as a result作为结果 7.tell the truth说出事实
    8.a 25-year-old man 一个二十五岁的人
    9.a computer engineer 一个电脑程序师
    10. take place发生 11. between.…and在两者之间
    12. find out查出;找到 13. somewhere else在某个地方
    14. police officer警官 15.bleed to death失血而死
    16. be charged with承担,被控告
    17.break into闯入 18.so far到目前为止
    19. at the time of在……的时间
    20. turn out原来是;结果是
    21. have nothing to do with与……无关
    22. in a hurry急忙;赶快 23. lead to引起,造成,导致
    24. against the law违反法律
    25. catch a bus/train/plane赶公交车/火车/飞机
    26. in prison坐牢 27. safety tips安全规则
    28. lose time doing sth浪费时间做某事
    29.get along on/with与……和睦相处
    二、句型大集合
    1. Why are you dressed like that, Eddie?
    埃迪,你为什么打扮成这样呢?
    dress作及物动词,意为“给……穿衣服,打扮”,其后常接“人”作宾语;如果接“衣服”,则用dress sb in或bedressed in结构。

    2.My food has gone missing.我的食物不见了。
    missing意为“失去的,下落不明的,失踪的,错过的”,是由现在分词转换过来的形容词。
    3.He was last seen leaving his office in New Town at about 7 pm。有人大约是在晚上七点钟左右最后一次看见他离开位于新镇的办公室。
    此句中be seen doing sth是看见某人正在做某事,是see sb doing sth的被动结构;句中last表示“最后地”。
    4.rhey are still working at the scene of the crime to find out Whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to Valley Town, or killed at the place where he was found.他们仍在案发现场工作,查明被害人是否被害于别的什么地方然后移尸到峡谷镇还是被害于现场。
    (1) whether用作连词,表示“是否”,有疑问的含义。一般情况下whether和if可以互换,都可放在ask,know,see,learn,understand,wonder等词的后面引导宾语从句。但在以下几种情况中通常只能用whether。
    whether用在介词后的宾语从句中。
    whether与or not连用。
    whether从句在句首时,不能用if。
    whether引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时,不能用if。
    whether与不定式连用时,不能用if。
    (2) else意为“其他的;别的”。else用在不定代词或特殊疑问词后面。
    What else do you think we can do with it?
    你认为我们处理那件事还能做什么?
    5. The victim was attacked with a knife and bled to death as a result.
    受害者是被(人)用刀袭击,因而流血致死。
    attack用作及物动词,意为“攻击;(疾病等)侵袭”。
    attack用作不及物动词,表示“攻击”。
    attack用作名词,意为“攻击;进攻;(疾病等)侵袭”。
    6.Itis possible that there was more than one attacker.凶手可能不止一个人。
    more than与数词连用,意为“多于;大于;超过”,相当于over.
    more than意为“不只是;不仅仅是;远不止”,相当于not only,后面跟名词。
    not more… than意为“不及;不如”,强调前者不比后者更……
    7.Tom got along with all of his neighbours expect the man who lived next door.
    汤姆跟他的邻居相处都很好,除了住在他隔壁的那个。
    get along with意为“友好相处;取得进展”。
    except作介词用,意为“除了……之外,除非”,表示整体中出去部分。后可按名词、代词或从句作宾语。
    8. The man never spoke to anyone and no one knew what he did for a living.这个男子从不跟任何人讲话,没有人知道他做什么来谋生。
    do …for a living意为“做……来谋生”。
    三、语法大聚焦
    限定性定语从句的关系代词
    【一语击破】
    1.在复合句中,定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词。其中被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词引出。如:
    He is the man who I saw yesterday.
    他就是我昨天见的那个人。
    2.常见的关系代词有who,which和that。他们所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
    (1)关系代词who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。如:
    Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
    昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
    (2)关系代词which指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。如:
    The building which stands near my school is a supermarket.位于我的学校旁边的那幢大楼是一家超市。
    (3)关系代词that指人时,相当于who;指物时,相当于which。当其在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。如:
    Mary likes music that is soft.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
    【友情提醒】在含有定语从句的复合句中,如果关系代词作从句的主语,则从句中谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。如:
    Now we have ten classes which learn French.
    现在我们有十个学法语的班。
    He is a man who is of value to the people.
    他是一个有益于人民的人。
    3.定语从句中that和which的区别
    (1)不能用that,只能用which
    ①非限定性定语从句中,即逗号之后;
    ②介词后面不能用that,只能用which。
    This is the village ,which we visited last summer.
    这是我们去年夏天参观的乡村。
    Is this the bookshop from which you bought the book?
    这是你买这本书的书店吗?
    (2)只能用that,不能用which
    ①先行词是不定代词,包括all,anything,nothing,the one,much,little等。如:
    Have you taken down everything that Mr Lee have said?
    你记下李先生说的所有的事情了吗?
    ②如果先行词中出现了the only,the very等。如:
    This is the only way that we can think out.
    这是我们能够想出的唯一的方式。
    ③如果先行词中出现了序数词和形容词最高级。如:
    This is the best film that I have ever seen.
    这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。
    ④如果先行词中既有人,又有物。如:
    They are talking about the school and the teachers that they visited yesterday.他们正在讨论昨天他们拜访的学校和老师们。
    四、词汇句式语法大透析
    1.truth n.
    [考点点拨]truth意为“事实,真相”。speak/tell the truth说实话。如:
    He was afraid to tell her the truth
    他害怕告诉她真相。
    true形容词,意为“真实的”;truly副词,意为“真实地,真诚地”。come true实现,成真。如:
    This is a true story.
    这是一个真实的故事。
    What he said is true.
    他所说的是真的。
    He knew he had behaved badly and he seemed truly sorry.
    他知道自己表现不好,并且看上去真的很懊悔。
    2. lie vi.
    [考点点拨] lie意为“说谎”,现在分词形式为lying。如:
    Listen! He is lying again
    听!他又在说谎。
    lie作动词,还意为“躺;卧;平躺”。如:
    The cat lay on the sofa.
    那只猫躺在沙发上。
    3.suppose vt.
    [考点点拨] suppose意为“猜想,假定,料想”。suppose to do sth.假定做某事;suppose sb.+adj.认为某人……;suppose+that从句。如:
    I suppose we'll go there next week
    我猜想我们下周将去那儿。
    What makes you suppose he is connected with them?
    是什么促使你认为他与他们有联系呢?
    We all suppose him clever.
    我们所有的人都认为他很聪明。
    You don't mind my smoking, I suppose.
    我想你不会介意我抽烟的。
    在英语中,含suppose的句子是用否定主句谓语的方式来否定后面宾语从句的内容(即把宾语从句的否定词not转移到否定主句谓语动词上来),这种语言现象叫作否定前移,在这种用法中,suppose意为“想,认为,猜想,料想”。如:
    I don't suppose I'll trouble you again.
    我想我不会再麻烦你。
    4.safety n.
    [考点点拨] safety意为“安全”;safely副词,意为“安全地,平安地;可靠地”;safe形容词,意为“安全的;安然无恙的;可靠的;谨慎的”;safe作名词,意为“保险箱”。如:
    It is not safe to drive like that. You must slow down.
    那样开车是不安全的。你必须减速。
    Put the money in the hotel safe for safety.
    为保险起见,请把钱放到宾馆的保险箱里。
    The pilot landed the plane safely.
    驾驶员使飞机安全降落。
    5. My food has gone missing. 我的食物不见了。
    [考点点拨] missing在这里是形容词,意为“找不到的,不在原处的”,表示目前的状态。如:
    I've found the missing dictionary.
    我已经找到了不见了的词典。
    6. The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result.
    那位受害人被人用刀砍伤,结果因失血过多而死亡。
    [考点点拨] as a result是固定短语,意为“因此,结果”,它可放在句首、句尾,也可放在句子中间。另一个相似的结构是as a result of,意为“由于,作为……的结果”,相当于because of。如:
    It is raining hard, as a result, we can't go out.
    雨下得很大,结果我们不能出去了。
    We can't take a walk as a result of the strong wind.
    由于强风我们不能散步了。
    7. However, according to the record, he was guilty of
    computer crimes in the past.
    但是,根据记录,他在过去有过电脑方面的犯罪。
    [考点点拨] be guilty of有罪的,有过失的;guilty还可意为“内疚的”,后面可以接that从句。如:
    Who is guilty of the murder in Valley Town?
    在山谷镇的谋杀中谁是有罪的?
    8. He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year.
    他被指控在过去一年中闯入数个电脑系统。
    [考点点拨]be charged with被指控,其主动语态为charge sb. with…指控某人有……罪。如:
    The police charged him with murder.
    警察指控他有谋杀罪。
    9. Bruce gets along with all of his neighbours except the man who lives next door.
    布鲁斯和他所有的邻居都相处得很好,除了住在隔壁的那个男子之外。
    [考点点拨] besides与except的区别:
    besides意为“除……之外(还)”,通常表示包括在内;而except意为“除……之外”,表示不包括在内。如:
    Except you, all the students should go to visit the museum除了你之外,所有的学生都应该去参观博物馆。(“你”不包括在内,不需要去参观博物馆)
    Besides you, all the students should go to visit the museum除了你,其他所有的学生也应该去参观博物馆。(“你”包括在内,也需要去参观博物馆)
    10.在英语中修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,它们在定语从句中充当一定的成分,常见的引导定语从句的关系代词有who,which,that等。
    1,当先行词指人时,关系代词可以用that或who。如:
    The girl who/that is behind the tree is Kate.
    树后面的那个女孩是凯特。
    I helped an old man who lost his way yesterday.
    昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
    2.当先行词指物时,关系代词可以用that或which。如:
    He bought a new TV which/that was made in Japan.
    他买了台日本制造的新电视机。
    3.(1)当先行词为不定代词时,定语从句由that引导。如:
    There is something that is making a lot of noise over there.
    那儿有一个在发出很多噪音的东西。
    (2)当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时,定语从句曲that引导。如:
    This is the most exciting movie that I have ever seen
    这是我看过的最精彩的电影。
    (3)当先行词被序数词或the last修饰时,定语从句由that引导。如:
    He caught the first bus that starts at 5:30 every morning.
    他赶上了每天早上5点30分出发的第一班公交车。
    (4)当先行词被the only,the very,the same修饰时,定语从句由that引导。如:
    The only book that explains how the Internet works was bought by John.
    唯一的一本解释因特网是如何运作的书被约翰买走了。
    (5)当先行词是两个并列的既有人又有物的词时,定语从句由that引导。如:
    The person and the bike that they are looking for are behind the building.
    他们在找的人和自行车在大楼后面。
    (6)当先行词被all,little,much,no,none等词修饰时,定语从句由that引导。如:
    I lost all the money that my father had given to me.
    我把父亲给我的所有的钱都弄丢了。
    语法题精练
    一、单项选择
    ( )1.We should study hard for future.
    (选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的一项)
    A shall B are supposed to
    C could D.would better
    ( )2. Simon broke his leg._______, he will have to stay at home for two or three months.
    A. For a result B. As a result
    C In order that D. As a result of
    ( )3. - All the students in Class One went to the cinema _______ Li Ping. Why?
    - Because he had a stomachache.
    A. besides B without C.except D.beside
    ( )4. Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
    - I'm not sure Is it in the hall _______ can hold 300 people?
    A where B what C that D.when
    ( )5. Do you know the man _______ is talking to our English teacher?
    A whom B. who C which D.what
    ( )6. Yesterday was my birthday. My friend sent me a CD _______ is made by Han Geng.
    A. who B. what C which D. whom
    二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
    1. They are still searching for the_______ (miss) child.
    2. He was_______ (guilt) of the murder.
    3. The suspect was_______ (charge) with murdering his wife.
    4. To tell the_______ (true), I don't like the food in that restaurant.
    5. When I got home, my pet dog was_______ (lie) on the sofa.
    6. Now people hope to eat healthily and begin to care about the_______ (safe) of food.
    参考答案
    一、1—6 BBCCB C
    二. 1. missing 2. guilty 3. charged 4. truth 5. lying 6. safety
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