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2022年江苏省常州市中考英语真题（教师版）
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这是一份2022年江苏省常州市中考英语真题（教师版），共19页。试卷主要包含了本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
常州市二〇二二年初中学业水平考试
英 语 试 题
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答題卡上，写在试卷上的一律无效。
2.答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. —How ________ this question is! I’ve spent two hours on it.
—Let me help you!
A. practical B. general C. difficult D. natural
【答案】C
【详解】
【详解】句意：——这个问题真难！我在它上花了两个小时。——让我来帮助你！
考查形容词辨析。practical实际的；general一般的；difficult困难的；natural自然的。根据“I’ve spent two hours on it”可知，在这个问题上花费了2个小时，说明它很难，故选C。
2. —________ does your school organize an English Reading Festival?
—Once a term.
A. How often B. How old C. How long D. How soon
【答案】A
【详解】
【详解】句意：——你们学校多久组织一次英语阅读节？——一学期一次。
考查特殊疑问句。 How often多久一次；How old多大；How long多长；How soon多久。根据答语“Once a term.”可知，此处对频率进行提问，故选A。
3. Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us ________ new every day.
A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something
【答案】D
【详解】
【详解】句意：学习是一生的旅程，因为它每天都给我们带来新的东西。
考查不定代词辨析。everything每件事，指所有事物；nothing没有什么，表完全否定；anything任何东西，用于否定句和疑问句代替something；something某物，表不确定，用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句。本句是肯定句，结合“Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us...new every day.”可知，something new“一些新东西”符合语境，故选D。
4. To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done.
A may not B. should not C. need not D. could not
【答案】B
【详解】
【详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。
考查动词辨析。may not也许不；should not不应该；need not不需要；could not不能。根据“To achieve our dream, we...rest on what we have done.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。
5. —Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim?
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A. am washing B. have washed C. was washing D. washed
【答案】C
【详解】
【详解】句意：——你为什么不给我开门，吉姆？——我在浴室洗衣服。我没有听到敲门声。
考查时态。根据“Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim?”和“I...clothes in the bathroom.”可知，强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。
6. The summer vacation is coming. Don’t swim in the lake, ________ when you are alone.
A. probably B. possibly C. especially D. exactly
【答案】C
【详解】
【详解】句意：暑假快来了。不要在湖里游泳，尤其是一个人的时候。
考查副词辨析。probably可能；possibly可能；especially尤其；exactly确切地。根据“Don’t swim in the lake, ...when you are alone.”可知，不要在湖里游泳，尤其是独自去。故选C。
7. Although the match is moving in an unexpected ________, our team will win finally, I believe.
A. instruction B. introduction C. position D. direction
【答案】D
【详解】
【详解】句意：虽然比赛走向了一个意想不到的方向，但我相信我们队最终会赢。
考查名词辨析。instruction指导；introduction介绍；position位置；direction方向。根据“Although the match is moving in an unexpected..., our team will win finally, I believe.”可知，此处指的是比赛的走向，direction“方向”符合题意，故选D。
8. If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly ________.
A. recommended B. challenged C. translated D. influenced
【答案】A
【详解】
【详解】句意：如果你想保持健康，强烈建议早睡早起。
考查动词辨析。recommended推荐，建议；challenged挑战；translated翻译；influenced影响。根据“If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly...”可知，“早睡早起”是保持健康的建议，故选A。
9. —Mum, do you know ________? An engineer.
—That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school.
A. what do my classmates call me B. what my classmates call me
C. why do my classmates call me D. why my classmates call me
【答案】B
【详解】
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你知道我的同学叫我什么吗？一名工程师。——这很有趣。我猜你经常在学校帮别人修东西。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“An engineer.”可知，是“叫我什么”，用what。故选B。
10. —It’s necessary for us to spend more time with our grandparents.
—________. They won’t see us often after we go to college.
A. I hope not B. I think so C. I’m sorry D. I’m not sure
【答案】B
【详解】
【详解】句意：——我们有必要花更多的时间和祖父母在一起。——我也这么想。我们上大学后，他们就不会经常见到我们了。
考查情景交际。I hope not我希望不是；I think so我也这么想；I’m sorry我很抱歉；I’m not sure我不确定。根据“It’s necessary for us to spend more time with our grandparents.”和“They won’t see us often after we go to college.”可知，后者赞同前者的看法，故选B。
二、完形填空(共12小题;每小题1分，满分12分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river. Thornton was in the boat, while Hans and Pete had to move along the river bank, holding the boat with a rope. Buck, the dog, followed them, keeping a(n) ____11____ eye on Thornton.
They came to a more ____12____ part of the river, and the boat started to go too quickly. Hans pulled on the rope to stop it, but pulled it too hard. The boat ____13____, and Thornton was thrown into the water.
Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he ____14____ Thornton. Then Buck returned, with Thornton holding his tail. Buck swam towards the river bank. But they moved ____15____. Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough, so he let go of Buck, held on to a rock in the middle of the water, and ____16____, “Go, Buck, go!”
Buck swam as hard as he could to the bank, and Pete and Hans pulled him out.
It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that ____17____ water, and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him. They ____18____ their rope round Buck, who at once jumped into the river and tried to swim to Thornton. The first time, the water took him ____19____ the rock, and Pete and Hans had to pull him back. The second time, he swam higher up the river. ____20____, the water brought him down to Thornton. Thornton held on to Buck, and Hans and Pete pulled the rope as hard as they could. Man and dog disappeared under the water, ____21____ rocks, turning over and over, sometimes with Buck on top, sometimes Thornton. When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out, both seemed more dead than alive. But after a while their eyes opened and ____22____ returned. They all smiled.
11. A. worried B. satisfied C. surprised D. excited
12. A. important B. famous C. dangerous D. interesting
13. A. turned up B. turned over C. turned down D. turned off
14. A. lost B. saw C. saved D. reached
15. A. carelessly B. slowly C. wisely D. simply
16. A. shouted B. complained C. replied D. joked
17. A. secret B. clear C. dirty D. wild
18. A. tied B. limited C. relaxed D. mixed
19. A. under B. past C. inside D. through
20. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
21. A. lifting B. controlling C. hitting D. breaking
22. A. fear B. love C. trust D. life
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. D
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《野性的呼唤》，讲述巴克救了桑顿一命的故事。
【11题详解】
句意：巴克，那条狗，跟在他们后面，焦虑地盯着桑顿。
worried担心的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；excited激动的。根据“The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river.”可知，三个人正沿着一条湍急多石的河流往下流。所以巴克很担心，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：他们来到了河中一个更危险的地方，船开得太快了。
important重要的；famous著名的；dangerous危险的；interesting有趣的。根据“and the boat started to go too quickly”并结合前文可知，位置更加危险，故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：船翻了，桑顿被扔进了水里。
turned up出现；turned over翻转；turned down拒绝；turned off关闭。根据“The boat..., and Thornton was thrown into the water.”可知，船翻了，桑顿掉进了水中，故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：巴克立刻跳入水中，游了三百米才游到桑顿身边。
lost丢失；saw看见；saved救，节约；reached到达。根据“Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he...Thornton.”可知，巴克游了三百米，才到达桑顿身边，故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：但他们行动缓慢。
carelessly粗心地；slowly缓慢地；wisely明智地；simply简单地。根据“Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough”可知，桑顿知道他们不会很快到达岸边，所以是缓慢，故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：走，巴克，走！
shouted大叫；complained抱怨；replied回复；joked开玩笑。根据“Go, Buck, go!”可知，是大叫，故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：桑顿很难在汹涌的水中抓住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的时间来救他。
secret秘密的；clear清晰的；dirty脏的；wild汹涌的。根据“It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that...water, and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him.”和前文描述可知，河流很湍急，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：他们把绳子系在巴克身上，他立刻跳进河里，试图游向桑顿。
tied系；limited限制；relaxed放松；mixed混合。根据“They...their rope round Buck”可知，把绳子系到巴克身上，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：第一次，水把他冲过了岩石，皮特和汉斯不得不把他拉回来。
under在……下；past经过；inside在……里面；through通过。根据“the water took him...the rock, and Pete and Hans had to pull him back.”可知，水把他冲过了岩石，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：此外，河水把他带到桑顿那里。
Otherwise否则；Moreover此外；However然而；Instead而不是。根据“The second time, he swam higher up the river. ..., the water brought him down to Thornton.”可知，此处描述巴克游得比水高，河水把他带到桑顿那里，前后动作连贯，故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：人和狗消失在水中，撞在岩石上，翻来覆去，有时巴克在上面，有时桑顿在上面。
lifting举起；controlling控制；hitting撞；breaking打破。根据“Man and dog disappeared under the water, ...rocks, turning over and over, sometimes with Buck on top, sometimes Thornton.”可知，水流湍急，所以撞来撞去，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：但过了一会儿，他们睁开了眼睛，身上恢复了生命力。
fear害怕；love爱；trust信任；life生活。根据“But after a while their eyes opened and...returned. They all smiled.”可知，拉出来时，两人都显得死气沉沉，但是一会身上恢复了生命力，故选D。
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the most gender-balanced (性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes — a record number — competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes. Here are some female athletes whose achievements in Beijing amazed the world.
Team China’s teenage hero Gu Ailing, 18, is the youngest athlete to win three medals at a Winter Olympics. The freeski player won two gold medals and a silver in three events.
Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps (四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics. No other woman has ever finished five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
British women’s curling (冰壶) team won the country’s only gold medal by having a 10-3 win against Japan on the last day of the Beijing Winter Olympics. This was also the country’s first curling gold after 2002.
Almida de Val, a 24-year-old Swedish IT engineer, together with her teammate, took the third place in curling mixed doubles. She took a leave from her company to take part in the Olympics.
23. How many athletes took part in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Games?
A. Around 1,300. B. Around 1,580. C. Around 2,880. D. Around 4,460.
24. Who took a silver medal in the competition?
A. Gu Ailing. B. British women’s curling team.
C. Almida de Val. D. Almida de Val’s teammate.
25. What do we know about Alexandra Trusova?
A. She is the youngest athlete in the 2022 Olympic Games.
B. She took the first place in the Beijing Winter Olympics.
C. She worked as an IT engineer before becoming a skating player.
D. She is the first female to complete five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了几位北京冬奥会上的女性运动员。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the most gender-balanced(性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes—a record number—competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes.”可知，北京2022年冬奥会共有1300多名女性运动员参赛，这一数字创下纪录，占所有运动员的45%以上。所以大约有2800名运动员参赛，故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The freeski player won two gold medals and a silver in three events.”可知，谷爱凌在三个项目中获得两枚金牌和一枚银牌。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps(四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，17岁的俄罗斯花样滑冰银牌得主亚历山德拉·特鲁索娃在北京冬奥会自由泳比赛中以五次四跳惊艳世界。故选D。
B
This is a typical(典型) day for Yang Jinlong.
At 9 a. m. , he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban. It is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the rhythm(节奏) of bamboo clappers(响板), which the art form is named after. Sometimes, he helps students prepare for competitions. Usually, his classes run until about 6. p.m. , and then he returns home to prepare classes for the next day.
On June 10, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1, 557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included. The art form has been introduced to local schools as part of their art education.
Yang has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi there. Quyi is general term for Chinese folk art forms, including storytelling, crosstalk and clapper talk.
“Art education is important for students in China. Just as many students learn to play Western musical instruments like the piano and violin, there are many people learning traditional Chinese folk arts, including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life,” he said.
Kuaiban is popular in northern China, including Beijing and Tianjin. According to Yang, Shaanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art of different areas. The art form can be played by a group of players or only one. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand, the players speak in the local dialect(方言) while telling stories, which are usually about heroes. The player tells stories while playing kuaiban, and it’s easy for the watchers to remember the stories since all the lines rhym.
Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country.
26. Why is today a typical day for Yang Jinlong?
A. He is teaching students about kuaiban as usual.
B. His work starts at 9 and lasts 6 hours like every day.
C. He is preparing for a kuaiban competition today.
D. His life today is as busy and boring as every day.
27. Which of the following about Shaanxi kuaiban is TRUE?
A. It is named after the Shaanxi dialect.
B. It is listed in the national intangible cultural heritage.
C. It is more popular than the piano and violin in northern China.
D. It is played to tell stories usually about common people.
28. Which of the following best describes Yang Jinlong?
A. Devoted. B. Stressed. C. Generous. D. Curious.
29. Why does the writer report Yang Jinlong’s story?
A. To show how to play Shaanxi kuaiban in the local dialect.
B. To tell the difference between Chinese and Western arts.
C. To prove that kuaiban players are living a busy life.
D. To praise the work of spreading traditional Chinese art.
【答案】26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D
【详解】
【导语】本文主要讲述了杨金龙和他教学生们陕西快板的故事。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At 9 a. m. , he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban”可知，因为他和往常一样去教学生快板，故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“On June 10, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1, 557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included”可知，陕西快板被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life”及“Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country”可知，杨金龙将为快板奉献一生，他也将中国文化传递下去，由此可推断他是有奉献精神的，故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country”可知，作者想通过杨金龙通过教授学生快板来传递中国文化的故事，来赞扬传播中国传统艺术的作品，故选D。
C
Researchers are using an underwater drone (无人机) to get information on carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the ocean. It is believed to be the first time that such a device (装置) has been used purposely to test CO₂ levels.
The device, which the team also calls a glider, is designed to go down to 1,000 meters in deep ocean areas and can operate for weeks at a time.
The purpose of the research is to provide scientists with data (数据) about how climate change is influencing the ocean’s chemistry. The self-swimming drone was placed in the Gulf of Alaska this spring. Reporters from The Associated Press recently joined researchers on a boat in Alaska’s Resurrection Bay to see the drone in action.
The team says the project could be a major step forward in measuring(测量) the environmental health of oceans. The scientists are most interested in levels of ocean acidification(酸性). This happens when CO₂ emissions(排放) in the air make their way into the ocean. Ocean acidification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.
Scientists have connected CO₂ emissions with global(全球) warming caused by human activities.
In a way, oceans have given humans a helping hand by taking in(吸收) some of the CO₂. If there were no oceans’ uptake, there would be much more CO₂ in the air. This would trap more of the sun’s heat and further warm the Earth.
“But the problem now is that the ocean is changing its chemistry because of this uptake,” said team member Claudine Hauri.
One of the best ways to measure ocean acidification is to collect CO₂ measurements. Until now, these collections were mostly done from ships or with devices floating at the ocean surface or on the ocean floor.
30. What is probably this passage?
A. An advertisement. B. Part of a news report.
C. Part of a science fiction. D. A text from a chemistry textbook.
31. What do we know about a glider?
A. It must be used together with floating devices.
B. It is used to measure ocean acidification.
C. It is used to stop CO₂ from entering the ocean.
D. It is used to measure CO₂ levels in the air.
32. What does the underlined word “uptake” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A. The act of covering an area. B. The act of slowing something down.
C. The act of taking something in. D. The act of killing or harming something.
33 What is troubling the scientists?
A. The underwater drone can’t swim by itself.
B. The drone can only last one week at a time.
C. Oceans are stopping taking in CO₂ from the air.
D. Too much CO₂ is making its way into oceans.
【答案】30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，向我们介绍研究人员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍研究人员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息，所以推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Researchers are using an underwater drone (无人机) to get information on carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the ocean. It is believed to be the first time that such a device (装置) has been used purposely to test CO₂ levels.”和“The device, which the team also calls a glider”可知，滑翔机设备专门用于测定海洋二氧化碳水平，故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“In a way, oceans have given humans a helping hand by taking in(吸收) some of the CO₂. If there were no oceans’ uptake, there would be much more CO₂ in the air.”可知，海洋在某种程度上帮助了人类，吸收了一些二氧化碳，如果没有海洋的吸收，空气中的二氧化碳就会更多。所以此处uptake的意思是“吸收”，故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This happens when CO₂ emissions(排放) in the air make their way into the ocean. Ocean acidification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.”可知，空气中的二氧化碳大量排放进入海洋，海洋酸化会伤害或杀死一些海洋生物。故选D。
D
Being sad or in a low mood is a normal (正常的) part of life. Many people feel down from time to time. For example, when people face challenging events in their lives, such as financial(经济的) difficulty or major changes, it’s common to feel down. But in most cases the bad feelings slowly disappear.
As for depression(抑郁症), however, the bad mood lasts for weeks, months, or ever longer because it is a mental(精神的) illness. As the World Health Organization(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long time and greatly harms a person’s ability at work or school or in the daily life. People with depression usually don’t like to talk about their problems with others. More seriously, depression may even lead to the act of killing oneself.
“Depression is not just a bout(一阵) of sadness or a sign of weakness and you can’t just simply stop feeling depressed.” said the health news website www.mayoclinie.com.
But depression is not a person’s problem. It’s also more common than most people think. It is hurting about 280 million people around the world, according to WHO.
Though depression is worrying, we don’t have to be afraid of it. Depression can be treated by getting professional(专业的) help, taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both. In fact, when you begin to feel the danger of depression, you can try to deal with it early by yourself. Listening to music, doing some sports and drawing some pictures might help you feel better. Another useful way is talk therapy. When we are attacked by a low mood, having a conversation with others is of great help. Being honest about how we feel does not make us weak, it makes us human.
34. Who is most probably experiencing depression?
A. Lily, who is going to have an important exam and hasn’t slept well for 3 days.
B. May, who dislikes her new school and has complained to her parents 3 times.
C. Ben, who thinks life worthless and has cried alone over 3 times a week in the past month.
D. Tom, who finds subjects hard and has talked to his teacher about it 3 times this week.
35. What does the writer think of depression?
A. Normal and nothing serious. B. Uncommon although harmful.
C. Unavoidable and untreatable. D. Treatable although worrying.
36. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Knowledge of depression. B. Ways of treating depression.
C. Reasons for depression. D. Results of depression.
【答案】34. C 35. D 36. A
【详解】
【导语】本文介绍了抑郁症正在伤害全世界约2.8亿人，以及一些有关抑郁症的治疗措施等。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“As the World Health Organization(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long time and greatly harms a person’s ability at work or school or in the daily life...”可知，抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下，抑郁症患者通常不喜欢与他人谈论他们的问题，故选C。
【35题详解】
观点态度题。根据“Though depression is worrying, we don’t have to be afraid of it. Depression can be treated by getting professional(专业的) help, taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both.”可知，虽然抑郁症令人担忧，但我们不必害怕它。抑郁症可以通过专业的帮助来治疗，服用药物或两者混合治疗，即虽然令人担忧但可以治疗，故选D。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了什么是抑郁症、抑郁症的表现及抑郁症的治疗方法等，A最合适，B、C、D比较片面。故选A。
四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分)
阅读下面短文从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life is full of choices and decisions. Here are some steps to help you make wise decisions.
First, it’s better to make a decision quickly than avoid it for a month because you’re afraid of choosing. ____37____ Also, some choices usually have time limits. So to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think about the cost of every single choice. Narrow down the list and try comparing only the best two or three.
Next, think about the value and cost of each choice. ____38____ Or better yet, create a scorecard,on which you give out bigger point values to what you think is more important. This way you can tell if one huge advantage is more important than a group of little disadvantages.
Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay(延迟) for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty(仓促的) decision, you may end up picking something you regret. ____39____ And it might take you a few days for major choices, like choosing your ideal high school.
____40____ Why? Because it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are not as worried as you. Consider their opinions(观点) even if they are not what you want to hear. You need to take different opinions into consideration so that you will make a wise decision.
A. You’ll need at least one night to “sleep on it”.
B. And you don’t have to make a decision alone.
C. They are the best chances to show your personality.
D. These ways of letting out what you are feeling are helpful.
E. It’s very tiring to think things over but fail to decide in time.
F. To do that, you can make a list of advantages and disadvantages.
【答案】37. A 38. F 39. E 40. B
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍帮助你做出明智的决定的一些步骤。
【37题详解】
根据“So to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think about the cost of every single choice.”可知，本段建议不让我们的大脑变得太累，选项A“你至少需要一个晚上来“睡一觉”。”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据“Next, think about the value and cost of each choice.”可知，考虑每个选择的价值和成本，选项F“要做到这一点，你可以列出优点和缺点。”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据“Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay(延迟) for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty(仓促的) decision, you may end up picking something you regret.”可知，拖延不好，但是仓促地做决定也不好，选项E“事情想了很久又不能及时做出决定，真是累人。”符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
根据“Because it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are not as worried as you.”可知，因为从没有你担心的人那里得到一种新的思维方式是件好事，所以此处建议可以听听他人的意见，选项B“你不必独自做决定。”符合语境，故选B。
五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Museums play a big role in our society. They are also ____41____ important classroom for primary and secondary school students. During holidays, groups of young museum guides ____42____ (see) everywhere in Changzhou Museum. Since 2011, Changzhou Museum ____43____ (carry) out more than 100 public training activities for volunteer guides.
In July, 2021, I was chosen ____44____ (be) a volunteer guide in Changzhou Museum. ____45____ it was my first time to serve there, I didn’t know what to do. Luckily, the teachers there gave many interesting training classes, including “Public Places and Manners”, “Red History and Red Culture” and so on. I was deeply touched by the stories of ____46____ (pioneer) like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei. I was impressed that they had risked ____47____ (lose) their lives to create a new China.
In the following month,I guided hundreds of tourists and did my job ____48____ (success). This experience had a great influence ____49____ me. I know more about my hometown and the meaning of life. I feel ____50____ (pride) of being a volunteer guide to help more people learn about Changzhou.
【答案】41. an 42. are seen
43. has carried
44 to be 45. Because##As
46. pioneers
47. losing 48. successfully
49. on 50. proud
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为常州博物馆导游的经历。
【41题详解】
句意：它们也是中小学生的重要教室。此处泛指一个教室，“important”首字母发元音音素，故填an。
【42题详解】
句意：假日期间，常州博物馆里随处可见一群群年轻的导游。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，故填are seen。
【43题详解】
句意：自2011年以来，常州博物馆开展了100余次志愿者导游公共培训活动。根据“Since 2011”可知，时态应使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has carried。
【44题详解】
句意：2021年7月，我被选为常州博物馆的志愿者导游。be chosen to be“被选为……”，故填to be。
【45题详解】
句意：因为这是我第一次在那里服务，我不知道该怎么办。“it was my first time to serve there”是“I didn’t know what to do”的原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because/As。
【46题详解】
句意：我被瞿秋白、张太雷等先驱者的故事深深打动了。根据“like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填pioneers。
【47题详解】
句意：我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。risk doing“冒险做某事”，故填losing。
【48题详解】
句意：在接下来的一个月里，我带领了数百名游客，并顺利完成了我的工作。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfully。
【49题详解】
句意：这段经历对我影响很大。have a/an+adj+influence on“对……有……的影响”，故填on。
【50题详解】
句意：我很自豪能成为一名志愿者导游，帮助更多的人了解常州。feel proud of“感到骄傲”，故填proud。
六、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题15分，满分9分)
51. 这些科学家们正在为我们打开一个全新的世界。
The scientists ___________________________________________ to us.
【答案】are opening up a whole new world
【详解】
【详解】open up“打开”，a whole new world“一个全新的世界”，根据句意可知，时态是现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are opening up a whole new world。
52. 汤姆，你将在什么时候展示如何进行垃圾分类？
_____________________________________ into different groups, Tom?
【答案】When are you going to show us how to separate waste
【详解】
【详解】when什么时候，be going to do sth将要做某事，show展示，how to separate waste如何进行垃圾分类。故填When are you going to show us how to separate waste。
53. 女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步。
Women football players were _____________________________________.
【答案】very strict with themselves, so they have made great progress
【详解】
【详解】be very strict with oneself“对某人自己要求非常严格”，so所以，they她们，make great progress取得了很大的进步。根据句意可知，后半句时态是现在完成时，故填very strict with themselves, so they have made great progress。
54. 如果你放弃，你就会落后。
You _____________________________________.
【答案】will fall behind, if you give up
【详解】
【详解】fall behind落后，if如果，you你，give up放弃。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，满足“主将从现”原则，故填will fall behind, if you give up。
55. 西蒙，在公众场所要降低你的嗓音。
Simon, _____________________________________ in public places.
【答案】keep your voice down
【详解】
【详解】keep your voice down“降低你的嗓音”，此处是祈使句，用动词原形，故填keep your voice down。
56. 我们的城市和他们的一样因优美的环境而闻名。
Our city _____________________________________.
【答案】is as famous for its beautiful environment as theirs
【详解】
【详解】as famous for...as“和……一样因……而闻名”，beautiful environment“优美的环境”，theirs“他们的”，代替their city。本句时态是一般现在时，be动词用is，故填is as famous for its beautiful environment as theirs。
七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分)
57. 某中学生英文报Your Voice栏目中有如下征文通知，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的想法。
It’s not very easy for teenagers to make true friends. Some of them make friends by following suit (随大流). That means they do the same as their friends, such as playing online games or saying bad words behind others, although they’re not willing to.
Share your ideas about the topic.
1. Is it wise to follow suit in order to make friends?
2. How can teenagers make true friends?
Don’t forget to support your ideas with your experience as an example.
注意：
1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2.词数100左右；文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
I want to share my ideas about the topic.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
I want to share my ideas about the topic.
In my opinion, making friends by following suit is not wise. Because everyone is an individual, with his own interests and personality. So don’t follow the crowd and just do what other people like to do.
We should make friends with those who can give us help and share our happiness and sadness. To make true friends, you must be friendly to others. Smile at others and you will get a smile in return. You can make friends with those who share the same interest with you or those who are totally different from you. Try to help your friends when they are in trouble because a friend in need is a friend indeed.
【详解】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“交友”为话题，结合提示内容进行写作。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一、第二人称来行文，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍自己认为为了交朋友而跟风是否是明智的；第三段介绍青少年怎样才能交到真正的朋友。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
常州市二〇二二年初中学业水平考试
英 语 试 题
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答題卡上，写在试卷上的一律无效。
2.答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. —How ________ this question is! I’ve spent two hours on it.
—Let me help you!
A. practical B. general C. difficult D. natural
【答案】C
【详解】
【详解】句意：——这个问题真难！我在它上花了两个小时。——让我来帮助你！
考查形容词辨析。practical实际的；general一般的；difficult困难的；natural自然的。根据“I’ve spent two hours on it”可知，在这个问题上花费了2个小时，说明它很难，故选C。
2. —________ does your school organize an English Reading Festival?
—Once a term.
A. How often B. How old C. How long D. How soon
【答案】A
【详解】
【详解】句意：——你们学校多久组织一次英语阅读节？——一学期一次。
考查特殊疑问句。 How often多久一次；How old多大；How long多长；How soon多久。根据答语“Once a term.”可知，此处对频率进行提问，故选A。
3. Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us ________ new every day.
A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something
【答案】D
【详解】
【详解】句意：学习是一生的旅程，因为它每天都给我们带来新的东西。
考查不定代词辨析。everything每件事，指所有事物；nothing没有什么，表完全否定；anything任何东西，用于否定句和疑问句代替something；something某物，表不确定，用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句。本句是肯定句，结合“Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us...new every day.”可知，something new“一些新东西”符合语境，故选D。
4. To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done.
A may not B. should not C. need not D. could not
【答案】B
【详解】
【详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。
考查动词辨析。may not也许不；should not不应该；need not不需要；could not不能。根据“To achieve our dream, we...rest on what we have done.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。
5. —Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim?
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A. am washing B. have washed C. was washing D. washed
【答案】C
【详解】
【详解】句意：——你为什么不给我开门，吉姆？——我在浴室洗衣服。我没有听到敲门声。
考查时态。根据“Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim?”和“I...clothes in the bathroom.”可知，强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。
6. The summer vacation is coming. Don’t swim in the lake, ________ when you are alone.
A. probably B. possibly C. especially D. exactly
【答案】C
【详解】
【详解】句意：暑假快来了。不要在湖里游泳，尤其是一个人的时候。
考查副词辨析。probably可能；possibly可能；especially尤其；exactly确切地。根据“Don’t swim in the lake, ...when you are alone.”可知，不要在湖里游泳，尤其是独自去。故选C。
7. Although the match is moving in an unexpected ________, our team will win finally, I believe.
A. instruction B. introduction C. position D. direction
【答案】D
【详解】
【详解】句意：虽然比赛走向了一个意想不到的方向，但我相信我们队最终会赢。
考查名词辨析。instruction指导；introduction介绍；position位置；direction方向。根据“Although the match is moving in an unexpected..., our team will win finally, I believe.”可知，此处指的是比赛的走向，direction“方向”符合题意，故选D。
8. If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly ________.
A. recommended B. challenged C. translated D. influenced
【答案】A
【详解】
【详解】句意：如果你想保持健康，强烈建议早睡早起。
考查动词辨析。recommended推荐，建议；challenged挑战；translated翻译；influenced影响。根据“If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly...”可知，“早睡早起”是保持健康的建议，故选A。
9. —Mum, do you know ________? An engineer.
—That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school.
A. what do my classmates call me B. what my classmates call me
C. why do my classmates call me D. why my classmates call me
【答案】B
【详解】
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你知道我的同学叫我什么吗？一名工程师。——这很有趣。我猜你经常在学校帮别人修东西。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“An engineer.”可知，是“叫我什么”，用what。故选B。
10. —It’s necessary for us to spend more time with our grandparents.
—________. They won’t see us often after we go to college.
A. I hope not B. I think so C. I’m sorry D. I’m not sure
【答案】B
【详解】
【详解】句意：——我们有必要花更多的时间和祖父母在一起。——我也这么想。我们上大学后，他们就不会经常见到我们了。
考查情景交际。I hope not我希望不是；I think so我也这么想；I’m sorry我很抱歉；I’m not sure我不确定。根据“It’s necessary for us to spend more time with our grandparents.”和“They won’t see us often after we go to college.”可知，后者赞同前者的看法，故选B。
二、完形填空(共12小题;每小题1分，满分12分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river. Thornton was in the boat, while Hans and Pete had to move along the river bank, holding the boat with a rope. Buck, the dog, followed them, keeping a(n) ____11____ eye on Thornton.
They came to a more ____12____ part of the river, and the boat started to go too quickly. Hans pulled on the rope to stop it, but pulled it too hard. The boat ____13____, and Thornton was thrown into the water.
Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he ____14____ Thornton. Then Buck returned, with Thornton holding his tail. Buck swam towards the river bank. But they moved ____15____. Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough, so he let go of Buck, held on to a rock in the middle of the water, and ____16____, “Go, Buck, go!”
Buck swam as hard as he could to the bank, and Pete and Hans pulled him out.
It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that ____17____ water, and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him. They ____18____ their rope round Buck, who at once jumped into the river and tried to swim to Thornton. The first time, the water took him ____19____ the rock, and Pete and Hans had to pull him back. The second time, he swam higher up the river. ____20____, the water brought him down to Thornton. Thornton held on to Buck, and Hans and Pete pulled the rope as hard as they could. Man and dog disappeared under the water, ____21____ rocks, turning over and over, sometimes with Buck on top, sometimes Thornton. When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out, both seemed more dead than alive. But after a while their eyes opened and ____22____ returned. They all smiled.
11. A. worried B. satisfied C. surprised D. excited
12. A. important B. famous C. dangerous D. interesting
13. A. turned up B. turned over C. turned down D. turned off
14. A. lost B. saw C. saved D. reached
15. A. carelessly B. slowly C. wisely D. simply
16. A. shouted B. complained C. replied D. joked
17. A. secret B. clear C. dirty D. wild
18. A. tied B. limited C. relaxed D. mixed
19. A. under B. past C. inside D. through
20. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
21. A. lifting B. controlling C. hitting D. breaking
22. A. fear B. love C. trust D. life
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. D
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《野性的呼唤》，讲述巴克救了桑顿一命的故事。
【11题详解】
句意：巴克，那条狗，跟在他们后面，焦虑地盯着桑顿。
worried担心的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；excited激动的。根据“The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river.”可知，三个人正沿着一条湍急多石的河流往下流。所以巴克很担心，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：他们来到了河中一个更危险的地方，船开得太快了。
important重要的；famous著名的；dangerous危险的；interesting有趣的。根据“and the boat started to go too quickly”并结合前文可知，位置更加危险，故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：船翻了，桑顿被扔进了水里。
turned up出现；turned over翻转；turned down拒绝；turned off关闭。根据“The boat..., and Thornton was thrown into the water.”可知，船翻了，桑顿掉进了水中，故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：巴克立刻跳入水中，游了三百米才游到桑顿身边。
lost丢失；saw看见；saved救，节约；reached到达。根据“Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he...Thornton.”可知，巴克游了三百米，才到达桑顿身边，故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：但他们行动缓慢。
carelessly粗心地；slowly缓慢地；wisely明智地；simply简单地。根据“Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough”可知，桑顿知道他们不会很快到达岸边，所以是缓慢，故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：走，巴克，走！
shouted大叫；complained抱怨；replied回复；joked开玩笑。根据“Go, Buck, go!”可知，是大叫，故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：桑顿很难在汹涌的水中抓住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的时间来救他。
secret秘密的；clear清晰的；dirty脏的；wild汹涌的。根据“It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that...water, and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him.”和前文描述可知，河流很湍急，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：他们把绳子系在巴克身上，他立刻跳进河里，试图游向桑顿。
tied系；limited限制；relaxed放松；mixed混合。根据“They...their rope round Buck”可知，把绳子系到巴克身上，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：第一次，水把他冲过了岩石，皮特和汉斯不得不把他拉回来。
under在……下；past经过；inside在……里面；through通过。根据“the water took him...the rock, and Pete and Hans had to pull him back.”可知，水把他冲过了岩石，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：此外，河水把他带到桑顿那里。
Otherwise否则；Moreover此外；However然而；Instead而不是。根据“The second time, he swam higher up the river. ..., the water brought him down to Thornton.”可知，此处描述巴克游得比水高，河水把他带到桑顿那里，前后动作连贯，故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：人和狗消失在水中，撞在岩石上，翻来覆去，有时巴克在上面，有时桑顿在上面。
lifting举起；controlling控制；hitting撞；breaking打破。根据“Man and dog disappeared under the water, ...rocks, turning over and over, sometimes with Buck on top, sometimes Thornton.”可知，水流湍急，所以撞来撞去，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：但过了一会儿，他们睁开了眼睛，身上恢复了生命力。
fear害怕；love爱；trust信任；life生活。根据“But after a while their eyes opened and...returned. They all smiled.”可知，拉出来时，两人都显得死气沉沉，但是一会身上恢复了生命力，故选D。
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the most gender-balanced (性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes — a record number — competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes. Here are some female athletes whose achievements in Beijing amazed the world.
Team China’s teenage hero Gu Ailing, 18, is the youngest athlete to win three medals at a Winter Olympics. The freeski player won two gold medals and a silver in three events.
Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps (四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics. No other woman has ever finished five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
British women’s curling (冰壶) team won the country’s only gold medal by having a 10-3 win against Japan on the last day of the Beijing Winter Olympics. This was also the country’s first curling gold after 2002.
Almida de Val, a 24-year-old Swedish IT engineer, together with her teammate, took the third place in curling mixed doubles. She took a leave from her company to take part in the Olympics.
23. How many athletes took part in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Games?
A. Around 1,300. B. Around 1,580. C. Around 2,880. D. Around 4,460.
24. Who took a silver medal in the competition?
A. Gu Ailing. B. British women’s curling team.
C. Almida de Val. D. Almida de Val’s teammate.
25. What do we know about Alexandra Trusova?
A. She is the youngest athlete in the 2022 Olympic Games.
B. She took the first place in the Beijing Winter Olympics.
C. She worked as an IT engineer before becoming a skating player.
D. She is the first female to complete five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了几位北京冬奥会上的女性运动员。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the most gender-balanced(性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes—a record number—competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes.”可知，北京2022年冬奥会共有1300多名女性运动员参赛，这一数字创下纪录，占所有运动员的45%以上。所以大约有2800名运动员参赛，故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The freeski player won two gold medals and a silver in three events.”可知，谷爱凌在三个项目中获得两枚金牌和一枚银牌。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps(四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，17岁的俄罗斯花样滑冰银牌得主亚历山德拉·特鲁索娃在北京冬奥会自由泳比赛中以五次四跳惊艳世界。故选D。
B
This is a typical(典型) day for Yang Jinlong.
At 9 a. m. , he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban. It is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the rhythm(节奏) of bamboo clappers(响板), which the art form is named after. Sometimes, he helps students prepare for competitions. Usually, his classes run until about 6. p.m. , and then he returns home to prepare classes for the next day.
On June 10, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1, 557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included. The art form has been introduced to local schools as part of their art education.
Yang has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi there. Quyi is general term for Chinese folk art forms, including storytelling, crosstalk and clapper talk.
“Art education is important for students in China. Just as many students learn to play Western musical instruments like the piano and violin, there are many people learning traditional Chinese folk arts, including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life,” he said.
Kuaiban is popular in northern China, including Beijing and Tianjin. According to Yang, Shaanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art of different areas. The art form can be played by a group of players or only one. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand, the players speak in the local dialect(方言) while telling stories, which are usually about heroes. The player tells stories while playing kuaiban, and it’s easy for the watchers to remember the stories since all the lines rhym.
Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country.
26. Why is today a typical day for Yang Jinlong?
A. He is teaching students about kuaiban as usual.
B. His work starts at 9 and lasts 6 hours like every day.
C. He is preparing for a kuaiban competition today.
D. His life today is as busy and boring as every day.
27. Which of the following about Shaanxi kuaiban is TRUE?
A. It is named after the Shaanxi dialect.
B. It is listed in the national intangible cultural heritage.
C. It is more popular than the piano and violin in northern China.
D. It is played to tell stories usually about common people.
28. Which of the following best describes Yang Jinlong?
A. Devoted. B. Stressed. C. Generous. D. Curious.
29. Why does the writer report Yang Jinlong’s story?
A. To show how to play Shaanxi kuaiban in the local dialect.
B. To tell the difference between Chinese and Western arts.
C. To prove that kuaiban players are living a busy life.
D. To praise the work of spreading traditional Chinese art.
【答案】26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D
【详解】
【导语】本文主要讲述了杨金龙和他教学生们陕西快板的故事。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At 9 a. m. , he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban”可知，因为他和往常一样去教学生快板，故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“On June 10, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1, 557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included”可知，陕西快板被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life”及“Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country”可知，杨金龙将为快板奉献一生，他也将中国文化传递下去，由此可推断他是有奉献精神的，故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country”可知，作者想通过杨金龙通过教授学生快板来传递中国文化的故事，来赞扬传播中国传统艺术的作品，故选D。
C
Researchers are using an underwater drone (无人机) to get information on carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the ocean. It is believed to be the first time that such a device (装置) has been used purposely to test CO₂ levels.
The device, which the team also calls a glider, is designed to go down to 1,000 meters in deep ocean areas and can operate for weeks at a time.
The purpose of the research is to provide scientists with data (数据) about how climate change is influencing the ocean’s chemistry. The self-swimming drone was placed in the Gulf of Alaska this spring. Reporters from The Associated Press recently joined researchers on a boat in Alaska’s Resurrection Bay to see the drone in action.
The team says the project could be a major step forward in measuring(测量) the environmental health of oceans. The scientists are most interested in levels of ocean acidification(酸性). This happens when CO₂ emissions(排放) in the air make their way into the ocean. Ocean acidification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.
Scientists have connected CO₂ emissions with global(全球) warming caused by human activities.
In a way, oceans have given humans a helping hand by taking in(吸收) some of the CO₂. If there were no oceans’ uptake, there would be much more CO₂ in the air. This would trap more of the sun’s heat and further warm the Earth.
“But the problem now is that the ocean is changing its chemistry because of this uptake,” said team member Claudine Hauri.
One of the best ways to measure ocean acidification is to collect CO₂ measurements. Until now, these collections were mostly done from ships or with devices floating at the ocean surface or on the ocean floor.
30. What is probably this passage?
A. An advertisement. B. Part of a news report.
C. Part of a science fiction. D. A text from a chemistry textbook.
31. What do we know about a glider?
A. It must be used together with floating devices.
B. It is used to measure ocean acidification.
C. It is used to stop CO₂ from entering the ocean.
D. It is used to measure CO₂ levels in the air.
32. What does the underlined word “uptake” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A. The act of covering an area. B. The act of slowing something down.
C. The act of taking something in. D. The act of killing or harming something.
33 What is troubling the scientists?
A. The underwater drone can’t swim by itself.
B. The drone can only last one week at a time.
C. Oceans are stopping taking in CO₂ from the air.
D. Too much CO₂ is making its way into oceans.
【答案】30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，向我们介绍研究人员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍研究人员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息，所以推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Researchers are using an underwater drone (无人机) to get information on carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the ocean. It is believed to be the first time that such a device (装置) has been used purposely to test CO₂ levels.”和“The device, which the team also calls a glider”可知，滑翔机设备专门用于测定海洋二氧化碳水平，故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“In a way, oceans have given humans a helping hand by taking in(吸收) some of the CO₂. If there were no oceans’ uptake, there would be much more CO₂ in the air.”可知，海洋在某种程度上帮助了人类，吸收了一些二氧化碳，如果没有海洋的吸收，空气中的二氧化碳就会更多。所以此处uptake的意思是“吸收”，故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This happens when CO₂ emissions(排放) in the air make their way into the ocean. Ocean acidification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.”可知，空气中的二氧化碳大量排放进入海洋，海洋酸化会伤害或杀死一些海洋生物。故选D。
D
Being sad or in a low mood is a normal (正常的) part of life. Many people feel down from time to time. For example, when people face challenging events in their lives, such as financial(经济的) difficulty or major changes, it’s common to feel down. But in most cases the bad feelings slowly disappear.
As for depression(抑郁症), however, the bad mood lasts for weeks, months, or ever longer because it is a mental(精神的) illness. As the World Health Organization(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long time and greatly harms a person’s ability at work or school or in the daily life. People with depression usually don’t like to talk about their problems with others. More seriously, depression may even lead to the act of killing oneself.
“Depression is not just a bout(一阵) of sadness or a sign of weakness and you can’t just simply stop feeling depressed.” said the health news website www.mayoclinie.com.
But depression is not a person’s problem. It’s also more common than most people think. It is hurting about 280 million people around the world, according to WHO.
Though depression is worrying, we don’t have to be afraid of it. Depression can be treated by getting professional(专业的) help, taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both. In fact, when you begin to feel the danger of depression, you can try to deal with it early by yourself. Listening to music, doing some sports and drawing some pictures might help you feel better. Another useful way is talk therapy. When we are attacked by a low mood, having a conversation with others is of great help. Being honest about how we feel does not make us weak, it makes us human.
34. Who is most probably experiencing depression?
A. Lily, who is going to have an important exam and hasn’t slept well for 3 days.
B. May, who dislikes her new school and has complained to her parents 3 times.
C. Ben, who thinks life worthless and has cried alone over 3 times a week in the past month.
D. Tom, who finds subjects hard and has talked to his teacher about it 3 times this week.
35. What does the writer think of depression?
A. Normal and nothing serious. B. Uncommon although harmful.
C. Unavoidable and untreatable. D. Treatable although worrying.
36. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Knowledge of depression. B. Ways of treating depression.
C. Reasons for depression. D. Results of depression.
【答案】34. C 35. D 36. A
【详解】
【导语】本文介绍了抑郁症正在伤害全世界约2.8亿人，以及一些有关抑郁症的治疗措施等。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“As the World Health Organization(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long time and greatly harms a person’s ability at work or school or in the daily life...”可知，抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下，抑郁症患者通常不喜欢与他人谈论他们的问题，故选C。
【35题详解】
观点态度题。根据“Though depression is worrying, we don’t have to be afraid of it. Depression can be treated by getting professional(专业的) help, taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both.”可知，虽然抑郁症令人担忧，但我们不必害怕它。抑郁症可以通过专业的帮助来治疗，服用药物或两者混合治疗，即虽然令人担忧但可以治疗，故选D。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了什么是抑郁症、抑郁症的表现及抑郁症的治疗方法等，A最合适，B、C、D比较片面。故选A。
四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分)
阅读下面短文从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life is full of choices and decisions. Here are some steps to help you make wise decisions.
First, it’s better to make a decision quickly than avoid it for a month because you’re afraid of choosing. ____37____ Also, some choices usually have time limits. So to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think about the cost of every single choice. Narrow down the list and try comparing only the best two or three.
Next, think about the value and cost of each choice. ____38____ Or better yet, create a scorecard,on which you give out bigger point values to what you think is more important. This way you can tell if one huge advantage is more important than a group of little disadvantages.
Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay(延迟) for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty(仓促的) decision, you may end up picking something you regret. ____39____ And it might take you a few days for major choices, like choosing your ideal high school.
____40____ Why? Because it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are not as worried as you. Consider their opinions(观点) even if they are not what you want to hear. You need to take different opinions into consideration so that you will make a wise decision.
A. You’ll need at least one night to “sleep on it”.
B. And you don’t have to make a decision alone.
C. They are the best chances to show your personality.
D. These ways of letting out what you are feeling are helpful.
E. It’s very tiring to think things over but fail to decide in time.
F. To do that, you can make a list of advantages and disadvantages.
【答案】37. A 38. F 39. E 40. B
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍帮助你做出明智的决定的一些步骤。
【37题详解】
根据“So to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think about the cost of every single choice.”可知，本段建议不让我们的大脑变得太累，选项A“你至少需要一个晚上来“睡一觉”。”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据“Next, think about the value and cost of each choice.”可知，考虑每个选择的价值和成本，选项F“要做到这一点，你可以列出优点和缺点。”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据“Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay(延迟) for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty(仓促的) decision, you may end up picking something you regret.”可知，拖延不好，但是仓促地做决定也不好，选项E“事情想了很久又不能及时做出决定，真是累人。”符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
根据“Because it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are not as worried as you.”可知，因为从没有你担心的人那里得到一种新的思维方式是件好事，所以此处建议可以听听他人的意见，选项B“你不必独自做决定。”符合语境，故选B。
五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Museums play a big role in our society. They are also ____41____ important classroom for primary and secondary school students. During holidays, groups of young museum guides ____42____ (see) everywhere in Changzhou Museum. Since 2011, Changzhou Museum ____43____ (carry) out more than 100 public training activities for volunteer guides.
In July, 2021, I was chosen ____44____ (be) a volunteer guide in Changzhou Museum. ____45____ it was my first time to serve there, I didn’t know what to do. Luckily, the teachers there gave many interesting training classes, including “Public Places and Manners”, “Red History and Red Culture” and so on. I was deeply touched by the stories of ____46____ (pioneer) like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei. I was impressed that they had risked ____47____ (lose) their lives to create a new China.
In the following month,I guided hundreds of tourists and did my job ____48____ (success). This experience had a great influence ____49____ me. I know more about my hometown and the meaning of life. I feel ____50____ (pride) of being a volunteer guide to help more people learn about Changzhou.
【答案】41. an 42. are seen
43. has carried
44 to be 45. Because##As
46. pioneers
47. losing 48. successfully
49. on 50. proud
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为常州博物馆导游的经历。
【41题详解】
句意：它们也是中小学生的重要教室。此处泛指一个教室，“important”首字母发元音音素，故填an。
【42题详解】
句意：假日期间，常州博物馆里随处可见一群群年轻的导游。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，故填are seen。
【43题详解】
句意：自2011年以来，常州博物馆开展了100余次志愿者导游公共培训活动。根据“Since 2011”可知，时态应使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has carried。
【44题详解】
句意：2021年7月，我被选为常州博物馆的志愿者导游。be chosen to be“被选为……”，故填to be。
【45题详解】
句意：因为这是我第一次在那里服务，我不知道该怎么办。“it was my first time to serve there”是“I didn’t know what to do”的原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because/As。
【46题详解】
句意：我被瞿秋白、张太雷等先驱者的故事深深打动了。根据“like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填pioneers。
【47题详解】
句意：我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。risk doing“冒险做某事”，故填losing。
【48题详解】
句意：在接下来的一个月里，我带领了数百名游客，并顺利完成了我的工作。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfully。
【49题详解】
句意：这段经历对我影响很大。have a/an+adj+influence on“对……有……的影响”，故填on。
【50题详解】
句意：我很自豪能成为一名志愿者导游，帮助更多的人了解常州。feel proud of“感到骄傲”，故填proud。
六、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题15分，满分9分)
51. 这些科学家们正在为我们打开一个全新的世界。
The scientists ___________________________________________ to us.
【答案】are opening up a whole new world
【详解】
【详解】open up“打开”，a whole new world“一个全新的世界”，根据句意可知，时态是现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are opening up a whole new world。
52. 汤姆，你将在什么时候展示如何进行垃圾分类？
_____________________________________ into different groups, Tom?
【答案】When are you going to show us how to separate waste
【详解】
【详解】when什么时候，be going to do sth将要做某事，show展示，how to separate waste如何进行垃圾分类。故填When are you going to show us how to separate waste。
53. 女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步。
Women football players were _____________________________________.
【答案】very strict with themselves, so they have made great progress
【详解】
【详解】be very strict with oneself“对某人自己要求非常严格”，so所以，they她们，make great progress取得了很大的进步。根据句意可知，后半句时态是现在完成时，故填very strict with themselves, so they have made great progress。
54. 如果你放弃，你就会落后。
You _____________________________________.
【答案】will fall behind, if you give up
【详解】
【详解】fall behind落后，if如果，you你，give up放弃。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，满足“主将从现”原则，故填will fall behind, if you give up。
55. 西蒙，在公众场所要降低你的嗓音。
Simon, _____________________________________ in public places.
【答案】keep your voice down
【详解】
【详解】keep your voice down“降低你的嗓音”，此处是祈使句，用动词原形，故填keep your voice down。
56. 我们的城市和他们的一样因优美的环境而闻名。
Our city _____________________________________.
【答案】is as famous for its beautiful environment as theirs
【详解】
【详解】as famous for...as“和……一样因……而闻名”，beautiful environment“优美的环境”，theirs“他们的”，代替their city。本句时态是一般现在时，be动词用is，故填is as famous for its beautiful environment as theirs。
七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分)
57. 某中学生英文报Your Voice栏目中有如下征文通知，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的想法。
It’s not very easy for teenagers to make true friends. Some of them make friends by following suit (随大流). That means they do the same as their friends, such as playing online games or saying bad words behind others, although they’re not willing to.
Share your ideas about the topic.
1. Is it wise to follow suit in order to make friends?
2. How can teenagers make true friends?
Don’t forget to support your ideas with your experience as an example.
注意：
1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2.词数100左右；文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
I want to share my ideas about the topic.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
I want to share my ideas about the topic.
In my opinion, making friends by following suit is not wise. Because everyone is an individual, with his own interests and personality. So don’t follow the crowd and just do what other people like to do.
We should make friends with those who can give us help and share our happiness and sadness. To make true friends, you must be friendly to others. Smile at others and you will get a smile in return. You can make friends with those who share the same interest with you or those who are totally different from you. Try to help your friends when they are in trouble because a friend in need is a friend indeed.
【详解】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“交友”为话题，结合提示内容进行写作。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一、第二人称来行文，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍自己认为为了交朋友而跟风是否是明智的；第三段介绍青少年怎样才能交到真正的朋友。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
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